JP2010201330A - Underground storage system for carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Underground storage system for carbon dioxide Download PDF

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JP2010201330A
JP2010201330A JP2009049067A JP2009049067A JP2010201330A JP 2010201330 A JP2010201330 A JP 2010201330A JP 2009049067 A JP2009049067 A JP 2009049067A JP 2009049067 A JP2009049067 A JP 2009049067A JP 2010201330 A JP2010201330 A JP 2010201330A
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carbon dioxide
solvent
dioxide gas
aquifer
dissolved
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Yuji Sekine
裕治 関根
Hirokazu Kishi
裕和 岸
Masayuki Masuda
雅之 増田
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Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently dissolve carbon dioxide in a solvent and to suppress an increase in the transport cost of carbon dioxide. <P>SOLUTION: This underground storage system for carbon dioxide is constituted by providing a carbon dioxide compressor 2 for compressing carbon dioxide up to a liquid or supercritical state and a pressure sending pump 3 for compressing the solvent to feed the same and installing not only a carbon dioxide dissolving device 40, which is composed of a fine bubble forming device 7 for mixing carbon dioxide with the solvent while converting carbon dioxide to fine bubbles by the shearing force of the solvent flowing through a main flow pipeline and the dissolving tank 4 installed on the rear stage of the fine bubble forming device 7 and dissolving carbon dioxide in the solvent to produce carbon dioxide dissolved water, but also the injection well 5 piercing through the ground up to an aquifer to introduce the formed carbon dioxide dissolved water into the aquifer in the ground under pressure. The carbon dioxide compressor 2 and the solvent pressure sending pump 3 are arranged on the ground separated from the aquifer while the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 is arranged in the vicinity of the injection well 5, and the carbon dioxide compressor 2, the solvent pressure sending pump 3 and the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 are each connected by pipelines 41 and 42. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、地球温暖化の原因とされる温室効果ガスの一つである炭酸ガスの削減に資するため、炭酸ガスの大規模な排出源等から分離・回収した炭酸ガスを、地中に圧入し、長期的かつ安定的に貯留・隔離するための炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムに関する。   In order to contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide, which is one of the greenhouse gases that cause global warming, the present invention presses carbon dioxide separated and recovered from a large-scale emission source of carbon dioxide into the ground. And a carbon dioxide underground storage system for long-term and stable storage and sequestration.

従来より、排出ガスから分離・回収した炭酸ガスを、地中の枯渇した油田やガス田あるいは帯水層に貯留する際、下記非特許文献１，２に記載されるように、前記炭酸ガスを液体又は超臨界状態に圧縮し、注入井より地中に圧入することが試みられている。一般に、この炭酸ガスは深度800ｍ以上の貯留層に圧入することにより、炭酸ガスの超臨界状態（二酸化炭素の場合、温度31℃以上、圧力7.4MPa以上）を維持し、炭酸ガスの密度を大きくして効率的な貯留を図っている。   Conventionally, when storing carbon dioxide separated and recovered from exhaust gas in an oil field, gas field, or aquifer that is depleted in the ground, as described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, Attempts have been made to compress it into a liquid or supercritical state and press it into the ground through an injection well. In general, this carbon dioxide gas is injected into a reservoir with a depth of 800 m or more to maintain the supercritical state of carbon dioxide gas (in the case of carbon dioxide, the temperature is 31 ° C or higher, the pressure is 7.4 MPa or higher), and the density of the carbon dioxide gas is increased. And efficient storage.

しかしながら、超臨界状態の炭酸ガスは周辺地下水より比重が軽く、浮力で上方へ移動するため、炭酸ガスを貯留する帯水層として、形状がドーム状とされ、上方中央部に浮上した炭酸ガスがトラップされるようなシール層（キャップロック）が形成されていることが必要であった。ところが、一般的に油田やガス田では、貯留層が前記シール層とドーム形状との組合せによるトラップ構造を有することが確認されているが、自然界において係る条件に適合した帯水層を見つけることが課題となっている。このため適用できる条件を拡げ、炭酸ガスが浮上せず長期的かつ安定的に地中に貯留・隔離させる方法が望まれていた。   However, supercritical carbon dioxide has a lower specific gravity than the surrounding groundwater and moves upward by buoyancy, so the shape of the aquifer that stores carbon dioxide is dome-shaped, and the carbon dioxide that has floated in the upper center is It was necessary to form a sealing layer (cap lock) to be trapped. However, in oil and gas fields, it is generally confirmed that the reservoir has a trap structure that is a combination of the seal layer and the dome shape, but it is possible to find an aquifer that meets the conditions in nature. It has become a challenge. For this reason, there has been a demand for a method for expanding the applicable conditions and storing and isolating carbon dioxide in the ground for a long term and stably without rising.

一方、炭酸ガスの地中への圧入方法としては、地表面上から地中に貫通したパイプの上部から、CO2昇圧装置で昇圧された二酸化炭素と、ポンプで昇圧された水とをパイプ内で合流混合しつつ圧入する下記特許文献１記載の方法、ガス田又は油田の地下層内に二酸化炭素をミキサーによって水に溶解させた状態で貯蔵する下記特許文献２記載の方法、炭酸ガスを含む気体をマイクロバブル化して水または海水中に分散させ、マイクロバブル化した炭酸ガスを地底に隔離する下記特許文献３記載の方法などがある。これらいずれの方法も、帯水層に海水又は水の溶媒と炭酸ガスとを圧入し、溶媒に炭酸ガスを溶解させて帯水層に貯留させるようにしている。 On the other hand, as a method of pressurizing carbon dioxide into the ground, carbon dioxide boosted by a CO 2 booster and water pressurized by a pump are introduced into the pipe from the top of the pipe penetrating from the ground surface into the ground. Including the method described in Patent Document 1 described below, which is injected while being mixed and mixed, and the method described in Patent Document 2 described below, wherein carbon dioxide is dissolved in water by a mixer in the underground layer of a gas field or oil field, including carbon dioxide gas There exists the method of the following patent document 3, etc. which make gas microbubble and disperse | distribute it in water or seawater, and isolate | separate the carbon dioxide gas made into microbubble on the ground. In any of these methods, a seawater or water solvent and carbon dioxide are injected into the aquifer, and the carbon dioxide is dissolved in the solvent and stored in the aquifer.

しかしながら、下記特許文献１〜３記載の方法では、溶媒に炭酸ガスを飽和濃度レベルの高い濃度で溶解させることにより、周辺地下水より比重を重くした状態とし、帯水層に炭酸ガスを長期的かつ安定的に貯留・隔離させるというものであるが、溶媒が水だけであったり、溶解手段が「合流」、「ミキサー」、「マイクロバブル発生装置」では、溶解条件によっては、炭酸ガスの溶解濃度レベルが不十分であると考えられ、周辺地下水より比重を重くすることができないおそれがあった。また、溶解する位置によっては、炭酸ガスの溶解量の確認が出来ないおそれもある。   However, in the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 below, carbon dioxide is dissolved in a solvent at a high saturation concentration level so that the specific gravity is heavier than that of the surrounding groundwater. It can be stably stored and sequestered, but if the solvent is only water or the dissolution means is “Merging”, “Mixer”, “Microbubble generator”, depending on the dissolution conditions, the dissolution concentration of carbon dioxide gas The level was considered insufficient, and there was a risk that the specific gravity could not be increased more than the surrounding groundwater. In addition, depending on the position of dissolution, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved may not be confirmed.

そこで本出願人は、下記特許文献４において、炭酸ガスを溶媒に溶解させた状態で地中の帯水層に圧入し、貯留・隔離するための炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムであって、炭酸ガスを液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮する炭酸ガス圧縮装置と、海水及び／又は水からなる溶媒を圧縮・搬送する圧送ポンプと、前記圧縮された炭酸ガス及び溶媒が注入され、前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させて炭酸ガス溶解水とする１又は複数の溶解槽と、生成された炭酸ガス溶解水を地中の帯水層に圧入する地表面から前記帯水層まで貫通した注入井とから構成され、前記溶解槽は、密閉された容器の下部に、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置から送られた炭酸ガスが注入される炭酸ガス注入口と、前記溶媒圧送ポンプから送られた溶媒が注入される溶媒注入口とが形成されるとともに、前記容器の上部に前記炭酸ガス溶解水が吐出される吐出口が形成され、前記容器内に粒状の充填材が充填されて構成される炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムを提案した。   In view of this, the present applicant, in Patent Document 4 below, is a carbon dioxide underground storage system for press-fitting into a groundwater aquifer in a state in which carbon dioxide is dissolved in a solvent, and storing and isolating the system. A carbon dioxide gas compression device that compresses the gas to a liquid or supercritical state, a pressure feed pump that compresses and conveys a solvent composed of seawater and / or water, the compressed carbon dioxide gas and the solvent are injected, and the carbonic acid is injected into the solvent. From one or a plurality of dissolution tanks that dissolve gas to form carbon dioxide-dissolved water, and an injection well that penetrates the generated carbon dioxide-dissolved water into the aquifer in the ground through the aquifer The dissolution tank is configured such that a carbon dioxide gas injection port into which carbon dioxide gas sent from the carbon dioxide gas compression device is injected and a solvent sent from the solvent pressure pump are injected into a lower portion of a sealed container. Solvent inlet and formed Together, wherein the carbon dioxide gas dissolved water on top of the container discharge port that is formed ejected, filler particulate in the container is proposed underground storage system carbon dioxide formed is filled.

下記特許文献４によれば、前記溶解槽において飽和濃度レベル付近の高い濃度で炭酸ガスを溶媒に溶解させることが可能になり、これにより炭酸ガス溶解水の比重が周辺地下水より大きくなるため、炭酸ガスを帯水層に長期的かつ安定的に貯留・隔離させることができるようになるなどの効果が発揮されるようになった。   According to the following Patent Document 4, carbon dioxide gas can be dissolved in a solvent at a high concentration near the saturation concentration level in the dissolution tank, and the specific gravity of the carbon dioxide-dissolved water becomes larger than that of the surrounding groundwater. Effects such as being able to store and sequester gas in the aquifer for a long time and stably have come to be demonstrated.

特開平６−１７０２１５号公報JP-A-6-170215 特開平３−２５８３４０号公報JP-A-3-258340 特開２００４−５０１６７号公報JP 2004-50167 A 特開２００８−２３８０５４号公報JP 2008-238054 A

IPCC、“IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage”、Chapter 5、2005年、Cambridge University PressIPCC, “IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage”, Chapter 5, 2005, Cambridge University Press 大関真一、嘉納康二、”「二酸化炭素地中貯留」事業の実現にむけて〜石油・天然ガス上流技術への期待〜”、「石油・天然ガスレビュー」、独立行政法人 石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構、2006.7、vol.40 No.4、p57-70Shinichi Ozeki, Koji Kano, “Towards the realization of“ CO2 underground storage ”business-Expectations for upstream technology of oil and natural gas”, “Oil and natural gas review”, Petroleum natural gas and metal minerals Resource Organization, 2006.7, vol.40 No.4, p57-70

しかしながら、上記特許文献４における溶解槽の場合は、炭酸ガスの十分な溶解を促すとともに、大量の炭酸ガスを効率的に処理するには、溶解槽の容積が大きくなる問題、および溶解槽中で滞留時間を確保するために溶解槽の流路長、すなわち溶解槽の高さ寸法が長くなる問題などがある。   However, in the case of the dissolution tank in Patent Document 4, in order to promote sufficient dissolution of carbon dioxide gas and to efficiently process a large amount of carbon dioxide gas, there is a problem that the volume of the dissolution tank becomes large, and in the dissolution tank There is a problem that the flow path length of the dissolution tank, that is, the height dimension of the dissolution tank becomes long in order to ensure the residence time.

上記問題を解決するために、本発明者等は鋭意研究を重ねた結果、炭酸ガスを細泡化して溶媒との接触面積の増大を図ることが有効であるとの知見を得た。 細泡化装置としては、例えば上記マイクロバブル発生装置などが開発されているが、炭酸ガスの溶解は、８ＭＰａ以上の高圧状態下（８〜２０ＭＰａ）で行われるため、マイクロバブル発生装置の内、圧力開放を伴うものは原理的に採用することができない。また、エジェクタ方式、旋回流方式のものは高圧状態下で実証されておらず、また高圧状態に適用するためには機構が複雑であり、信頼性および耐久性を実証されていないなどの問題がある。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have made extensive studies, and as a result, have found that it is effective to increase the contact area with the solvent by making carbon dioxide fine. As the microbubble generator, for example, the microbubble generator has been developed. However, since the dissolution of carbon dioxide gas is performed under a high pressure state (8 to 20 MPa) of 8 MPa or more, Those with pressure relief cannot be adopted in principle. In addition, ejector type and swirl type types have not been proven under high pressure conditions, and the mechanism is complicated to apply to high pressure conditions, and reliability and durability have not been proven. is there.

一方、上記特許文献４記載の地中貯留システムにおいて、炭酸ガスの排出源と帯水層とが近距離にある場合は問題とはならないが、例えば帯水層が沿岸部から離れた海底面下の地層に位置する場合、溶解槽を炭酸ガスの排出源近傍に設置したのでは、溶解槽で生成された炭酸ガス溶解水を注入井まで輸送する際、パイプライン等での長距離輸送による摩擦損失の増大、高圧ガスの取扱いを受けることによるパイプライン設備の高強度化等により、輸送コストが増加し、経済性が悪化する可能性がある。   On the other hand, in the underground storage system described in Patent Document 4, there is no problem when the carbon dioxide emission source and the aquifer are at a short distance. If the dissolution tank is installed in the vicinity of the carbon dioxide emission source, when transporting the carbon dioxide dissolved water generated in the dissolution tank to the injection well, friction due to long-distance transportation in a pipeline, etc. There is a possibility that transportation costs will increase and economic efficiency will deteriorate due to increased loss and increased strength of pipeline facilities by handling high-pressure gas.

そこで本発明の第１の課題として、飽和濃度レベル付近の高い濃度で炭酸ガスを溶媒（海水又は水）に溶解させた状態で、炭酸ガス溶解水を帯水層に圧入し、貯留・隔離するための炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムを提供することにある。   Therefore, as a first problem of the present invention, in a state where carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in a solvent (seawater or water) at a high concentration near the saturation concentration level, the carbon dioxide-dissolved water is pressed into the aquifer and stored / isolated. An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide underground storage system.

また第２の課題として、炭酸ガスを効率よく溶媒に溶解させるとともに、輸送コストの増加を抑えた炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムを提供することにある。   A second problem is to provide a carbon dioxide underground storage system in which carbon dioxide is efficiently dissolved in a solvent and an increase in transportation cost is suppressed.

前記課題を解決するために請求項１に係る本発明として、炭酸ガスを溶媒に溶解させた状態で地中の帯水層に圧入し、貯留・隔離するための炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムであって、
炭酸ガスを液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮する炭酸ガス圧縮装置と、海水及び／又は水からなる溶媒を圧縮・搬送する圧送ポンプとを設け、
前記溶媒を所定の高流速で流した主流管路の内部に前記炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設するか、前記主流管路を外嵌する前記炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設し、前記溶媒と炭酸ガスとを仕切る管路壁面に細孔を形成し、前記主流管路を流れる溶媒のせん断力によって前記炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入させる高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置と、前記高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置の後段に設置され、密閉された容器の下部に、前記細泡化された炭酸ガスが混入された溶媒の注入口が形成されるとともに、前記容器の上部に前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させた炭酸ガス溶解水が吐出される吐出口が形成され、前記容器内に粒状の充填材が充填されて構成された１又は複数の溶解槽とを含む炭酸ガス溶解装置を設置し、
前記溶解槽から吐出された炭酸ガス溶解水を地中の帯水層に圧入するために地表面から前記帯水層まで貫通した注入井を設置して構成され、
前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプを前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置するとともに、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置を前記注入井の近傍に配置し、これら炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置とをそれぞれパイプラインで接続したことを特徴とする炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention according to claim 1 is a carbon dioxide underground storage system for press-fitting into a groundwater aquifer in a state where carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in a solvent, and storing and isolating it. There,
A carbon dioxide gas compression device that compresses carbon dioxide gas to a liquid or supercritical state, and a pressure feed pump that compresses and conveys a solvent composed of seawater and / or water,
The carbon dioxide gas supply line is disposed inside the main flow line through which the solvent flows at a predetermined high flow rate, or the carbon dioxide gas supply line that externally fits the main flow line is disposed, A high-pressure carbon dioxide gas refining device that forms pores in the wall surface of the pipe line that partitions the solvent and carbon dioxide gas, and mixes the carbon dioxide gas while making the carbon dioxide gas fine by the shearing force of the solvent flowing through the main flow line, and the high pressure An inlet for the solvent mixed with the carbon dioxide gas is formed in the lower part of the sealed container installed in the latter stage of the carbon dioxide gas bubbler for the use, and the solvent is formed in the upper part of the container. A carbon dioxide gas dissolving device including one or a plurality of dissolution tanks formed with a discharge port through which carbon dioxide dissolved water in which the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved is discharged, and filled with a granular filler in the container Install
It is constructed by installing an injection well penetrating from the ground surface to the aquifer in order to press-fit carbon dioxide dissolved water discharged from the dissolution tank into the underground aquifer,
The carbon dioxide compression device and the solvent pressure pump are disposed on land apart from the aquifer, and the carbon dioxide dissolution device is disposed in the vicinity of the injection well. The carbon dioxide compression device, the solvent pressure pump, and carbon dioxide A carbon dioxide underground storage system is provided in which a melting apparatus is connected to each other by a pipeline.

上記請求項１記載の発明は、本発明に係る地中貯留システムのケース１であり、且つこれに使用される炭酸ガス溶解装置の第１構成パターンについて規定したものである。具体的に、地中貯留システムのケース１では、炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプを帯水層から離れた陸上に配置するとともに、炭酸ガス溶解装置を注入井の近傍に配置し、これら炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置とをそれぞれパイプラインで接続する構成とした。   The invention described in claim 1 is the case 1 of the underground storage system according to the present invention, and defines the first configuration pattern of the carbon dioxide dissolving apparatus used therefor. Specifically, in case 1 of the underground storage system, the carbon dioxide gas compression device and the solvent pressure pump are arranged on land far from the aquifer, and the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device is arranged in the vicinity of the injection well. The compression device, the solvent pressure pump, and the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device were each connected by a pipeline.

また、これに使用される炭酸ガス溶解装置の第１構成パターンとしては、前記溶媒を所定の高流速で流した主流管路の内部に前記炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設するか、前記主流管路を外嵌する前記炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設し、前記溶媒と炭酸ガスとを仕切る管路壁面に細孔を形成し、前記主流管路を流れる溶媒のせん断力によって前記炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入させる高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置と、前記高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置の後段に設置され、密閉された容器の下部に、前記細泡化された炭酸ガスが混入された溶媒の注入口が形成されるとともに、前記容器の上部に前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させた炭酸ガス溶解水が吐出される吐出口が形成され、前記容器内に粒状の充填材が充填されて構成された１又は複数の溶解槽とが含まれる構成とした。なお、この炭酸ガス溶解装置では、炭酸ガス細泡化装置と溶解槽の基数を適切に選定することにより、一定量の細泡化した未溶解炭酸ガスを注入井に送ることが可能である。   Further, as a first configuration pattern of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus used for this, the carbon dioxide gas supply pipe is disposed in the main stream pipe through which the solvent is flowed at a predetermined high flow rate, or the main stream is provided. The carbon dioxide gas supply pipe line that externally fits the pipe line is disposed, pores are formed on the wall surface of the pipe line that partitions the solvent and the carbon dioxide gas, and the carbon dioxide gas is generated by the shearing force of the solvent flowing through the main flow line. A high-pressure carbon dioxide gas bubbler that mixes while making the gas bubbles fine, and the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas bubbler is installed at the rear stage of the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas bubbler. And an outlet for discharging carbon dioxide-dissolved water in which the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the solvent is formed at the upper portion of the container, and a granular filler is formed in the container. One or more dissolution tanks configured to be filled. It was configured to be. In this carbon dioxide gas dissolving device, it is possible to send a certain amount of finely bubbled undissolved carbon dioxide gas to the injection well by appropriately selecting the number of carbon dioxide gas thinning devices and the number of dissolution tanks.

上記炭酸ガス溶解装置では、先ず溶解槽は、密閉容器内に粒状の充填材が充填されて構成されることにより、この溶解槽において飽和濃度レベル付近の高い濃度で炭酸ガス（液体又は超臨界状態）を溶媒（海水又は水）に溶解させることが可能となり、これにより炭酸ガス溶解水の比重が周辺地下水より大きくなるため、炭酸ガスを帯水層に長期的かつ安定的に貯留・隔離させることができるようになる。   In the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus, first, the dissolution tank is configured by filling a granular container in a sealed container, so that carbon dioxide gas (liquid or supercritical state) at a high concentration near the saturated concentration level in this dissolution tank. ) Can be dissolved in a solvent (seawater or water), and the specific gravity of carbon dioxide-dissolved water is greater than that of the surrounding groundwater, so that carbon dioxide can be stored and sequestered in the aquifer in a long-term and stable manner. Will be able to.

また、前記溶解槽の前段に、高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置を設置することにより、後述の実施例２−１に示されるように、溶解槽との相乗効果により高い溶解効率を実現することが可能となる。その結果、溶解槽のコンパクト化が可能になるとともに、高い処理能力を有するようになる。   In addition, by installing a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas bubbler in the previous stage of the dissolution tank, as shown in Example 2-1 described later, a high dissolution efficiency is realized by a synergistic effect with the dissolution tank. Is possible. As a result, the dissolution tank can be made compact and has a high processing capacity.

一方、ケース１に係る地中貯留システムでは、帯水層が沿岸部から離れた海底面下の地層に位置する場合でも、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置で生成された炭酸ガス溶解水をパイプライン等で長距離輸送する必要がなくなるため、輸送時の摩擦損失等によって輸送コストが増大し、経済性が悪化する問題が解決できる。また、炭酸ガス溶解水を輸送するパイプラインは高圧ガスの取扱いを受けるが、溶媒用パイプラインはこの取扱いを受けないため、輸送コストの増大を抑制できる。   On the other hand, in the underground storage system according to Case 1, even when the aquifer is located in the formation below the sea bottom away from the coastal area, the carbon dioxide dissolved water generated by the carbon dioxide dissolving device is supplied by a pipeline or the like. Since there is no need for long-distance transportation, it is possible to solve the problem that transportation costs increase due to friction loss during transportation and the economic efficiency deteriorates. Moreover, although the pipeline which conveys a carbon dioxide dissolved water receives the handling of a high pressure gas, since the pipeline for solvents does not receive this handling, the increase in transportation cost can be suppressed.

加えて、炭酸ガス溶解装置が注入井の近傍に設置されるとともに、前記溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置との間がパイプラインで接続されているため、帯水層が沿岸部から離れた海底面下の地層に位置する場合、海底面に設置される炭酸ガス溶解装置及びパイプラインの温度が１０℃前後の低温条件となり、炭酸ガスの溶媒への溶解上有利となる。すなわち、炭酸ガスの溶媒への溶解量は、低温の方が増加する傾向にあることが実験により明らかとなり、炭酸ガス溶解装置及びパイプラインが設置される海底付近の海水温が１０℃前後の低温で安定しているため、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置において炭酸ガスを効率よく溶媒に溶解させることができるようになる。   In addition, since the carbon dioxide dissolving device is installed in the vicinity of the injection well, and the solvent pressure pump and the carbon dioxide dissolving device are connected by a pipeline, the aquifer is separated from the coastal area. When located in a subsurface formation, the temperature of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus and pipeline installed on the sea bottom is low temperature around 10 ° C., which is advantageous in dissolving carbon dioxide in a solvent. In other words, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the solvent tends to increase at low temperatures, and the experiment reveals that the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the solvent is low. Therefore, the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus can efficiently dissolve the carbon dioxide gas in the solvent.

請求項２に係る本発明として、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置には、前記溶解槽から注入井に至る流路の途中に、送給された炭酸ガス溶解水の全量に対して、未溶解の炭酸ガスと、炭酸ガスが飽和濃度で溶解した状態の炭酸ガス溶解水とを分離する分離槽と、分離された前記未溶解炭酸ガスを前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置と溶解槽との中間流路に戻す炭酸ガス圧送装置とが含まれる請求項１記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。   As the present invention according to claim 2, in the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device, undissolved carbon dioxide gas with respect to the total amount of carbon dioxide dissolved water fed in the middle of the flow path from the dissolution tank to the injection well. And a carbon dioxide gas that separates the undissolved carbon dioxide gas separated into the intermediate flow path between the carbon dioxide gas compression device and the dissolution tank. A carbon dioxide underground storage system according to claim 1, which includes a pumping device.

上記請求項２記載の発明は、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置の第１構成パターンの変形例として分離槽を組み込んだものである。これにより、前記溶解槽で生成した炭酸ガス溶解水の全量を対象として、未溶解炭酸ガス分を前記分離槽において分離し、この未溶解の炭酸ガス分を溶解槽にリターンさせることにより、確実に飽和濃度レベルで炭酸ガスを溶媒（海水又は水）に溶解させた状態で地中に圧入することが可能となる。この炭酸ガス溶解水は、帯水層の周辺地下水より大きな比重を持つようになり、帯水層に注入しても炭酸ガスが浮上せず、長期的かつ安定的に帯水層に貯留・隔離させることができるようになる。   The invention described in claim 2 incorporates a separation tank as a modification of the first structural pattern of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus. As a result, for the total amount of carbon dioxide-dissolved water generated in the dissolution tank, the undissolved carbon dioxide content is separated in the separation tank, and the undissolved carbon dioxide content is returned to the dissolution tank to ensure that It becomes possible to press-fit into the ground in a state where carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in a solvent (seawater or water) at a saturated concentration level. This carbon dioxide-dissolved water has a greater specific gravity than the groundwater around the aquifer, and even when injected into the aquifer, carbon dioxide does not rise and is stored and sequestered in the aquifer in a long-term and stable manner. To be able to.

請求項３に係る本発明として、炭酸ガスを溶媒に溶解させた状態で地中の帯水層に圧入し、貯留・隔離するための炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムであって、
炭酸ガスを液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮する炭酸ガス圧縮装置と、海水及び／又は水からなる溶媒を圧縮・搬送する圧送ポンプとを設け、
密閉された容器の下部に、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置から送られた炭酸ガスが注入される炭酸ガス注入口と、前記溶媒圧送ポンプから送られた溶媒が注入される溶媒注入口とが形成されるとともに、前記容器の上部に前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させた炭酸ガス溶解水が吐出される吐出口が形成され、前記容器内に粒状の充填材が充填されて構成された１又は複数の溶解槽と、前記溶解槽の後段に設置され、送給された炭酸ガス溶解水の全量に対して、未溶解の炭酸ガスと炭酸ガスが飽和濃度で溶解した状態の炭酸ガス溶解水とを分離する分離槽と、該分離槽で分離された炭酸ガスを圧送する炭酸ガス圧送装置と、この炭酸ガス圧送装置の後段に、前記炭酸ガス溶解水を所定の高流速で流した主流管路の内部に、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置から圧送された炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設するか、前記主流管路を外嵌するように前記炭酸ガス圧送装置から圧送された炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設し、前記炭酸ガス溶解水と炭酸ガスとを仕切る管路壁面に細孔を形成し、前記主流管路を流れる炭酸ガス溶解水によるせん断力によって前記炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入させる高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置とを含む炭酸ガス溶解装置を設置し、
生成された炭酸ガス溶解水を地中の帯水層に圧入するために地表面から前記帯水層まで貫通した注入井を設置して構成され、
前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプを前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置するとともに、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置を前記注入井の近傍に配置し、これら炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置とをそれぞれパイプラインで接続したことを特徴とする炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。 As the present invention according to claim 3, is a carbon dioxide underground storage system for press-fitting into a groundwater aquifer in a state in which carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in a solvent, for storage and isolation,
A carbon dioxide gas compression device that compresses carbon dioxide gas to a liquid or supercritical state, and a pressure feed pump that compresses and conveys a solvent composed of seawater and / or water,
A carbon dioxide gas inlet for injecting carbon dioxide gas sent from the carbon dioxide gas compressor and a solvent inlet for injecting a solvent sent from the solvent pressure pump are formed at the bottom of the sealed container. In addition, one or a plurality of discharge ports for discharging carbon dioxide-dissolved water in which the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the solvent are formed in the upper part of the container, and the container is filled with a granular filler. Separating the dissolution tank and the carbon dioxide dissolved water in a state where the dissolved carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide are dissolved at a saturated concentration with respect to the total amount of the carbon dioxide dissolved water installed and fed after the dissolution tank A separation tank, a carbon dioxide pumping apparatus for pumping the carbon dioxide separated in the separation tank, and an inside of a main flow line in which the carbon dioxide-dissolved water is flowed at a predetermined high flow rate after the carbon dioxide pump. In addition, pumping from the carbon dioxide pump A carbon dioxide gas supply line, or a carbon dioxide gas supply line pumped from the carbon dioxide gas pressure device so as to fit the mainstream pipe line, Including a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas refining device that forms pores on a wall surface of a pipe partitioning carbon dioxide gas and mixes the carbon dioxide gas while making the carbon dioxide gas fine by a shearing force generated by carbon dioxide-dissolved water flowing in the mainstream pipe. Install a carbon dioxide dissolving device,
In order to inject the generated carbon dioxide-dissolved water into the underground aquifer, it is configured by installing an injection well penetrating from the ground surface to the aquifer,
The carbon dioxide compression device and the solvent pressure pump are disposed on land apart from the aquifer, and the carbon dioxide dissolution device is disposed in the vicinity of the injection well. The carbon dioxide compression device, the solvent pressure pump, and carbon dioxide A carbon dioxide underground storage system is provided in which a melting apparatus is connected to each other by a pipeline.

上記請求項３記載の発明は、ケース１に係る地中貯留システムに使用される炭酸ガス溶解装置の第２構成パターンについて規定したものである。炭酸ガス溶解装置の第２構成パターンでは、高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置を溶解槽から注入井に至る管路中に組み込んである。   The invention according to claim 3 defines the second configuration pattern of the carbon dioxide dissolving apparatus used in the underground storage system according to case 1. In the second configuration pattern of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device, the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas bubble forming device is incorporated in a pipe line extending from the dissolving tank to the injection well.

請求項４に係る本発明として、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置と前記供給管路との間に、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置から圧送された炭酸ガスを分岐する分岐装置が配置されるとともに、前記分岐装置にて前記炭酸ガスのうち前記細泡化装置から前記帯水層までの経路で溶解可能な量を分岐して前記供給管路に圧送し、前記炭酸ガスのうち残りの量を前記溶解槽に戻すようにしてある請求項３記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。   As a fourth aspect of the present invention, a branching device for branching the carbon dioxide gas fed from the carbon dioxide pressure feeding device is disposed between the carbon dioxide pressure feeding device and the supply pipe, and The amount of the carbon dioxide gas that can be dissolved in the path from the fine foaming device to the aquifer is branched and pumped to the supply pipe, and the remaining amount of the carbon dioxide gas is returned to the dissolution tank. Thus, a carbon dioxide underground storage system according to claim 3 is provided.

上記請求項４記載の発明は、炭酸ガス溶解装置の第２構成パターンに対して、未溶解の炭酸ガス分を溶解槽にリターンさせることにより、確実に飽和濃度レベルで炭酸ガスを溶媒（海水又は水）に溶解させた状態で地中に圧入することを可能としたものである。なお、この炭酸ガス溶解装置では、分岐装置からの細泡化装置への未溶解炭酸ガス圧送量を適切に選定することにより、一定量の細泡化した未溶解炭酸ガスを注入井に送ることが可能である。   In the second aspect of the present invention, the carbon dioxide gas is reliably returned to the solvent (seawater or seawater) at the saturation concentration level by returning the undissolved carbon dioxide content to the dissolution tank with respect to the second configuration pattern of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus. It is possible to press into the ground in a state dissolved in water. In this carbon dioxide gas dissolving device, a certain amount of finely bubbled undissolved carbon dioxide gas is sent to the injection well by appropriately selecting the amount of undissolved carbon dioxide gas fed from the branching device to the fine bubble producing device. Is possible.

請求項５に係る本発明として、前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置された溶媒圧送ポンプは低圧用とされ、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置近傍の前段に高圧用の増圧ポンプを配置した請求項１〜４いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。   As a fifth aspect of the present invention, the solvent pressure pump disposed on land far from the aquifer is for low pressure, and a high pressure pressure increasing pump is disposed in the front stage in the vicinity of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device. The underground storage system of the carbon dioxide gas in any one of 1-4 is provided.

上記請求項５記載の発明は、本発明に係る地中貯留システムのケース２について規定したものである。具体的には、帯水層から離れた陸上に設置された溶媒圧縮ポンプを低圧用とし、炭酸ガス溶解装置近傍の前段に高圧用の増圧ポンプを配置したものである。これにより、溶媒用パイプラインとして炭酸ガス溶解装置近傍まで低圧用のパイプラインが使用可能であり、設備コストが低減できる。なお、ケース２に係る地中貯留システムにおいても、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置の第１構成パターン及び第２構成パターンのいずれも使用可能である。   The invention according to claim 5 defines the case 2 of the underground storage system according to the present invention. Specifically, a solvent compression pump installed on land far from the aquifer is used for low pressure, and a high pressure booster pump is disposed in the front stage near the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device. As a result, a low-pressure pipeline can be used as the solvent pipeline up to the vicinity of the carbon dioxide dissolving apparatus, and the equipment cost can be reduced. In the underground storage system according to case 2, both the first configuration pattern and the second configuration pattern of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus can be used.

請求項６に係る本発明として、前記溶媒圧送ポンプを前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置することに代えて、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置の近傍に設置し、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置とをそれぞれパイプラインで接続した請求項１〜４いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。   As the present invention according to claim 6, in place of disposing the solvent pump on land far from the aquifer, the solvent pump is installed in the vicinity of the carbon dioxide dissolving device, and the carbon dioxide compressor and the solvent pump are installed. The underground storage system of the carbon dioxide gas in any one of Claims 1-4 which connected the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device and the carbon dioxide melt | dissolution apparatus with the pipeline, respectively is provided.

上記請求項６記載の発明は、本発明に係る地中貯留システムのケース３である。具体的には、炭酸ガス圧縮装置を帯水層から離れた陸上に設置するとともに、炭酸ガス溶解装置を注入井の近傍に配置し、且つ溶媒圧送ポンプを炭酸ガス溶解装置の近傍に配置して、これら炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置とをそれぞれパイプラインで接続したものである。これにより、溶媒用パイプラインが短縮できるとともに、帯水層が沿岸部から離れた海底面下の地層に位置する場合に、溶媒圧送ポンプ周辺の低温で安定した海水を取水して溶媒とすることにより、炭酸ガス溶解装置において炭酸ガスを効率よく溶媒に溶解させることができるようになる。なお、本地中貯留システムのケース３においても、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置の第１構成パターン及び第２構成パターンのいずれも使用可能である。   The invention described in claim 6 is the case 3 of the underground storage system according to the present invention. Specifically, the carbon dioxide compression device is installed on land far from the aquifer, the carbon dioxide dissolution device is located near the injection well, and the solvent pump is located near the carbon dioxide dissolution device. These carbon dioxide compression devices, solvent pressure pumps, and carbon dioxide dissolution devices are respectively connected by pipelines. As a result, the solvent pipeline can be shortened, and when the aquifer is located in the formation below the seabed away from the coastal area, the seawater is taken up at a low temperature around the solvent pump and used as a solvent. Thus, the carbon dioxide gas can be efficiently dissolved in the solvent in the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus. In addition, in the case 3 of the underground storage system, both the first configuration pattern and the second configuration pattern of the carbon dioxide dissolving apparatus can be used.

請求項７に係る本発明として、前記帯水層が海底面下の地層に位置する場合において、前記帯水層近傍の海洋上に海上プラットフォームを構築し、この海上プラットフォームに少なくとも前記炭酸ガス溶解装置を配置してある請求項１〜６いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。   In the present invention according to claim 7, when the aquifer is located in a formation below the seabed, an offshore platform is constructed on the ocean near the aquifer, and at least the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device is installed on the offshore platform. A carbon dioxide underground storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is provided.

上記請求項７記載の発明は、本発明に係る地中貯留システムのケース４である。ケース４では、帯水層が海底面下の地層に位置する場合において、帯水層近傍の海洋上に海上プラットフォームを構築し、この海上プラットフォームに少なくとも炭酸ガス溶解装置を配置した。これにより、炭酸ガス溶解装置の維持管理が容易化できる。なお、本地中貯留システムのケース４においても、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置の第１構成パターン及び第２構成パターンのいずれも使用可能である。   The invention described in claim 7 is the case 4 of the underground storage system according to the present invention. In Case 4, when the aquifer is located in the formation below the sea bottom, an offshore platform is constructed on the ocean near the aquifer, and at least a carbon dioxide gas dissolving device is disposed on the offshore platform. Thereby, maintenance management of a carbon dioxide gas dissolving device can be facilitated. In addition, in the case 4 of the underground storage system, both the first configuration pattern and the second configuration pattern of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus can be used.

請求項８に係る本発明として、下式(1)によって求められるウェーバー数(Ｗｅ)が１０以上となるように、前記溶媒の流速、前記細孔の孔径が設定されている請求項１〜７いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。

Figure 2010201330
In the present invention according to claim 8, the flow rate of the solvent and the pore diameter are set so that the Weber number (We) obtained by the following formula (1) is 10 or more. A carbon dioxide underground storage system according to any one of the above is provided.
Figure 2010201330

上記請求項８記載の発明では、後述の実施例２−３に従い、溶媒の流速、前記細孔の孔径の設定に際して、ウェーバー数(Ｗｅ)が１０以上とすることにより、効率的かつ高い処理能力で細泡化し、高い溶解効率をもたらすことが可能となる。   In the invention described in claim 8, according to Example 2-3 described later, when setting the flow rate of the solvent and the pore diameter of the pores, the Weber number (We) is set to 10 or more, whereby efficient and high throughput is achieved. It becomes possible to produce a high foaming efficiency with a fine foam.

請求項９に係る本発明として、前記粒状の充填材として、砂、砕石、ラシヒリング、サドルの内のいずれか又は組み合わせとする請求項１〜８いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。   The present invention according to claim 9 is the carbon dioxide underground storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the granular filler is sand, crushed stone, Raschig ring, or saddle. Provided.

上記請求項９記載の発明では、溶解槽に充填される粒状充填材として、例えば砂、砕石、ラシヒリング、サドルの内のいずれか又は組み合わせて用いるものである。   In the invention according to the ninth aspect, as the granular filler filled in the dissolution tank, for example, any one of sand, crushed stone, Raschig ring, and saddle or a combination thereof is used.

請求項１０に係る本発明として、前記粒状の充填材は、充填材の種類ごとに、炭酸ガス及び溶媒の流量及び前記溶解槽の形状に基づいて定められる炭酸ガス溶解量と前記溶解槽における圧力損失とから決定される最適な平均粒径とする請求項１〜９いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。   As the present invention according to claim 10, the granular filler is, for each type of filler, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved based on the flow rate of carbon dioxide and solvent and the shape of the dissolution tank, and the pressure in the dissolution tank. The underground storage system of carbon dioxide gas according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an optimum average particle diameter determined from the loss is provided.

上記請求項１０記載の発明では、粒状の充填材は、充填材の種類ごとに、炭酸ガス及び溶媒の流量及び前記溶解槽の形状に基づいて定められる炭酸ガス溶解量と前記溶解槽における圧力損失とから決定される最適な平均粒径のものを用いるものであり、平均粒径が上記の最適平均粒径であると、溶解効率に優れるようになる。   In the invention of claim 10, the granular filler is, for each type of filler, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved based on the flow rates of carbon dioxide and solvent and the shape of the dissolution tank, and the pressure loss in the dissolution tank. The average particle size determined from the above is used, and when the average particle size is the above-mentioned optimal average particle size, the dissolution efficiency is excellent.

請求項１１に係る本発明として、前記溶解槽において、前記充填材の充填領域内に、流路を仕切るように多数の開孔が形成された整流板が１又は複数設けられている請求項１〜１０いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供される。   As the present invention according to claim 11, in the melting tank, one or a plurality of rectifying plates in which a large number of apertures are formed so as to partition the flow path are provided in the filling region of the filler. The underground storage system of the carbon dioxide gas in any one of -10 is provided.

上記請求項１１記載の発明では、前記整流板を設けることにより、前記溶解槽における炭酸ガスの溶解が促進されるようになる。   In the invention described in claim 11, by providing the current plate, dissolution of carbon dioxide gas in the dissolution tank is promoted.

以上詳説のとおり本発明によれば、飽和濃度レベル付近の高い濃度で炭酸ガスを溶媒（海水又は水）に溶解させた状態で、炭酸ガス溶解水を帯水層に圧入し、貯留・隔離するための炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供できる。さらに、炭酸ガスを効率よく溶媒に溶解することができ、輸送コストの増加を抑えた炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムが提供できる。   As described above in detail, according to the present invention, in a state where carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in a solvent (seawater or water) at a high concentration near the saturation concentration level, carbon dioxide-dissolved water is injected into the aquifer and stored / isolated. A carbon dioxide underground storage system can be provided. Furthermore, carbon dioxide gas can be efficiently dissolved in a solvent, and a carbon dioxide underground storage system that suppresses an increase in transportation costs can be provided.

本発明のケース１に係る地中貯留システム１Ａの概念図である。It is a key map of underground storage system 1A concerning case 1 of the present invention. 第１構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ａの概念図（その１）である。It is a conceptual diagram (the 1) of the carbon dioxide dissolving apparatus 40A which concerns on a 1st structure pattern. 第１構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ａの概念図（その２）である。It is a conceptual diagram (the 2) of the carbon dioxide dissolving apparatus 40A which concerns on a 1st structure pattern. その溶解槽４の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the dissolution tank 4. 第１形態例に係る細泡化装置７Ａの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fine foaming apparatus 7A which concerns on a 1st form example. 第２形態例（その１）に係る細泡化装置７Ｂの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fine foaming apparatus 7B which concerns on a 2nd example (the 1). 第２形態例（その２）に係る細泡化装置７Ｃの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fine foaming apparatus 7C which concerns on a 2nd example (the 2). 分離槽６の縦断面図である。3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a separation tank 6. FIG. 第２構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ｂの概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40B which concerns on a 2nd structure pattern. その溶解槽４の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the dissolution tank 4. ケース２に係る地中貯留システム１Ｂの概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram of the underground storage system 1B which concerns on the case 2. FIG. ケース３に係る地中貯留システム１Ｃの概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram of 1 C of underground storage systems which concern on the case 3. FIG. ケース４に係る地中貯留システム１Ｄの概念図である。It is a key map of underground storage system 1D concerning case 4. ケース５に係る地中貯留システム１Ｅの概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram of the underground storage system 1E which concerns on case 5. FIG. 実験装置の概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram of an experimental apparatus. 実施例１における温度29℃における粒度並びに塩水流量の条件を変えたときの炭酸ガス／塩水重量比と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the carbon dioxide gas / salt water weight ratio when changing the conditions of the particle size and salt water flow rate in the temperature of 29 degreeC in Example 1, and a carbon dioxide dissolved amount. 実施例１における温度33℃における粒度並びに塩水流量の条件を変えたときの炭酸ガス／塩水重量比と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the carbon dioxide gas / salt water weight ratio when changing the conditions of the particle size and salt water flow rate in the temperature of 33 degreeC in Example 1, and a carbon dioxide dissolved amount. 実施例１における温度25℃における圧力並びに塩水流量の条件を変えたときの炭酸ガス／塩水重量比と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the carbon dioxide gas / salt water weight ratio when changing the conditions of the pressure in 25 degreeC in Example 1, and the flow rate of salt water, and a carbon dioxide dissolved amount. 実施例１における温度29℃における圧力並びに塩水流量の条件を変えたときの炭酸ガス／塩水重量比と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the carbon dioxide gas / salt water weight ratio and the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved when the pressure at a temperature of 29 ° C. and the salt water flow rate in Example 1 are changed. 実施例１における温度33℃における圧力並びに塩水流量の条件を変えたときの炭酸ガス／塩水重量比と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the carbon dioxide gas / salt water weight ratio when changing the conditions of the pressure in 33 degreeC in Example 1, and the flow rate of salt water, and a carbon dioxide dissolved amount. 実施例１における温度と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the temperature in Example 1, and a carbon dioxide gas dissolution amount. 実施例１における充填材の平均粒径と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。2 is a graph showing the relationship between the average particle diameter of fillers in Example 1 and the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved. 実施例２−１における細泡化装置７での溶解効果及び溶解槽４での溶解効果の定量的に検証実験結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows a verification experiment result quantitatively about the melt | dissolution effect in the fine foaming apparatus 7 in Example 2-1, and the melt | dissolution effect in the dissolution tank 4. 実施例２−２における総括容量係数Ｋｘａと水の断面モル流速との関係を表すグラフ（その１）である。Graph showing the relationship between the overall capacity coefficient K x a water cross section molar flow rate in Example 2-2; FIG. 実施例２−２における総括容量係数Ｋｘａと水の断面モル流速との関係を表すグラフ（その２）である。It is a graph (part 2) showing the relationship between overall capacity coefficient K x a water cross section molar flow rate in Example 2-2. 実施例２−２における総括容量係数Ｋｘａと水の断面モル流速との関係を表すグラフ（その３）である。Graph showing the relationship between the overall capacity coefficient K x a water cross section molar flow rate in Example 2-2 is a third. 実施例２−３における総括容量係数比Ｋｘａ(B)／Ｋｘａ(NB)とウェーバー数Ｗｅとの関係を表すグラフである。Is a graph showing the relationship between the overall capacity coefficient ratio K x a (B) / K x a (NB) and Weber number We in Example 2-3.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら詳述する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

本発明に係る炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム１は、炭酸ガスの大規模な排出源等から分離・回収した炭酸ガスを、飽和濃度レベル付近の高い濃度で溶媒（海水及び／又は水）に溶解させた状態で地中の帯水層に封じ込め、長期的かつ安定的に貯留・隔離するためのものである。   The carbon dioxide underground storage system 1 according to the present invention dissolves carbon dioxide separated and recovered from a large-scale emission source of carbon dioxide into a solvent (seawater and / or water) at a high concentration near the saturation concentration level. In this state, it is contained in the underground aquifer, and it is for long-term and stable storage and isolation.

特に本発明では、帯水層が沿岸部から離れた海底面下の地層に位置する場合、炭酸ガスの排出源と帯水層直上の地表面とが長距離の場合などにおいて、輸送コスト上及び炭酸ガスの溶解上有利な地中貯留システムを提供するものである。   In particular, in the present invention, when the aquifer is located in a stratum below the sea bottom away from the coastal area, when the carbon dioxide emission source and the ground surface immediately above the aquifer are long distance, etc. An underground storage system advantageous in dissolving carbon dioxide gas is provided.

このように本発明では、溶媒に炭酸ガスを飽和濃度レベルの高い濃度で溶解させることにより、周辺地下水より比重を重くした状態とし、帯水層に炭酸ガスを長期的かつ安定的に貯留・隔離させるというものであるため、炭酸ガスの溶解量は、溶媒１ｍ３当たり４０〜５０kg、好ましくは４５〜５０kgを目標とする。 As described above, in the present invention, carbon dioxide is dissolved in a solvent at a high saturation concentration level so that the specific gravity is heavier than that of the surrounding groundwater, and carbon dioxide is stored and sequestered in the aquifer in a long-term and stable manner. Therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved is 40 to 50 kg, preferably 45 to 50 kg per 1 m 3 of the solvent.

また、系内の圧力は、炭酸ガスが液体又は超臨界状態を維持した状態で溶解が行われるようにするとともに、炭酸ガス溶解水を地下の帯水層に圧入するための帯水層内の注入圧力と配管系の圧力損失とを考慮して、８ＭＰａ以上の高圧状態を維持するようにすることが望ましい。なお、一般的に帯水層内においては５ＭＰａ以上の地下水圧を確保できれば効率的に貯留が可能である。   The pressure in the system is such that the carbon dioxide is dissolved in a liquid or supercritical state, and the carbon dioxide dissolved water is injected into the underground aquifer. Considering the injection pressure and the pressure loss of the piping system, it is desirable to maintain a high pressure state of 8 MPa or more. In general, in an aquifer, if a groundwater pressure of 5 MPa or more can be secured, it can be efficiently stored.

本発明に係る地中貯留システム１は、適用される現地サイトの条件等により、以下のケース１〜ケース４に分類できる。   The underground storage system 1 according to the present invention can be classified into the following cases 1 to 4 depending on conditions of the local site to be applied.

〔ケース１〕
ケース１に係る地中貯留システム１Ａは、図１に示されるように、炭酸ガスを液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮する炭酸ガス圧縮装置２と、海水及び／又は水からなる溶媒を圧縮・搬送する圧送ポンプ３と、前記圧縮された炭酸ガス及び溶媒が注入され、前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させて炭酸ガス溶解水とする炭酸ガス溶解装置４０と、生成された炭酸ガス溶解水を地中の帯水層に圧入する地表面から前記帯水層まで貫通した注入井５とから主に構成される。 [Case 1]
As shown in FIG. 1, the underground storage system 1 </ b> A according to the case 1 compresses and conveys a carbon dioxide gas compression device 2 that compresses carbon dioxide gas to a liquid or supercritical state, and seawater and / or a solvent composed of water. The pumping pump 3, the compressed carbon dioxide gas and the solvent are injected, the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 that dissolves the carbon dioxide gas in the solvent to form carbon dioxide-dissolved water, and the generated carbon dioxide-dissolved water is underground. And the injection well 5 penetrating from the ground surface pressed into the aquifer to the aquifer.

本ケース１では、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置２及び溶媒圧送ポンプ３が帯水層から離れた陸上に配置されるとともに、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置４０が注入井５近傍に設置されている。さらに、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置２と炭酸ガス溶解装置４０とが炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１で接続されるとともに、前記溶媒圧送ポンプ３と炭酸ガス溶解装置４０とが溶媒用パイプライン４２で接続されている。図１は、帯水層の貯留サイトが海底面下の地層に位置する場合についての図示であり、この場合には、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置４０は注入井５近傍の海底面に設置されるとともに、炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１及び溶媒用パイプライン４２は海底面に配設されて炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に接続されている。   In this case 1, the carbon dioxide gas compressing device 2 and the solvent pumping pump 3 are disposed on land apart from the aquifer, and the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 is disposed in the vicinity of the injection well 5. Further, the carbon dioxide compression device 2 and the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 are connected by a carbon dioxide pipeline 41, and the solvent pump 3 and the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 are connected by a solvent pipeline 42. Yes. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a case where the aquifer storage site is located in a formation below the sea bottom. In this case, the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 is installed on the sea bottom near the injection well 5. The carbon dioxide pipeline 41 and the solvent pipeline 42 are disposed on the sea bottom and connected to the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40.

前記炭酸ガス溶解装置４０は、以下の第１構成パターン４０Ａ又は第２構成パターン４０Ｂのいずれかとすることができる。   The carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 can be either the following first configuration pattern 40A or second configuration pattern 40B.

（第１構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ａ）
第１構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ａは、図２に示されるように、前記液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮された炭酸ガスを細泡化して溶媒中に混入させる高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置７（以下、単に細泡化装置という）と、該細泡化装置７によって細泡化された炭酸ガスが混入された溶媒が注入され、前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させて炭酸ガス溶解水とする溶解槽４とが複数並設されて構成される。なお、本形態例では、前記溶解槽４及び細泡化装置７は、炭酸ガスの溶解を促進するため複数設置したが、処理能力に応じた数とすればよい。 (Carbon dioxide dissolution apparatus 40A according to the first configuration pattern)
As shown in FIG. 2, the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 </ b> A according to the first configuration pattern is a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas foaming device in which the liquid or the carbon dioxide gas compressed to the supercritical state is foamed and mixed into the solvent. A device 7 (hereinafter simply referred to as a fine foaming device) and a solvent mixed with carbon dioxide gas that has been made fine by the fine foaming device 7 are injected, and the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the solvent to dissolve the carbon dioxide gas. A plurality of dissolution tanks 4 as water are arranged side by side. In the present embodiment, a plurality of the dissolution tanks 4 and the fine foaming devices 7 are installed in order to promote the dissolution of carbon dioxide gas, but the number may be set according to the processing capacity.

前記細泡化装置７は、図５〜図７に示されるように、液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮した炭酸ガスを細泡化して溶媒中に混入させることにより、接触面積の増大化により炭酸ガスの溶解を促進させるためのものである。この細泡化装置７は、単独で使用されるか、好ましくは後述の実施例のように、溶解槽４と組み合わせて使用される。前記細泡化装置７は、以下の第１形態例７Ａ又は第２形態例７Ｂ、７Ｃとすることができる。   As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, the fine foaming device 7 makes carbon dioxide gas by increasing the contact area by finely foaming carbon dioxide gas compressed into a liquid or supercritical state and mixing it into a solvent. It is for promoting dissolution of the. This foaming device 7 is used alone or preferably in combination with the dissolution tank 4 as in the examples described later. The said fine foaming apparatus 7 can be made into the following 1st example 7A or 2nd example 7B, 7C.

第１形態例に係る細泡化装置７Ａは、図５に示されるように、本第１構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ａの場合は海水及び／又は水を溶媒とし、後述の第２構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ｂの場合は炭酸ガス溶解水を溶媒として、これらの溶媒を所定の高流速で流した主流管路３０に対して、これを外嵌する炭酸ガス供給管路３１を配設し、前記溶媒と炭酸ガスとを仕切る管路壁面、図示例の場合は主流管路３０の管路壁面に細孔３０ａ、３０ａ…を形成し、前記主流管路３０を流れる溶媒のせん断力によって、液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮した炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入させるものである。   As shown in FIG. 5, in the case of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus 40A according to the first configuration pattern, the fine foaming device 7A according to the first embodiment uses seawater and / or water as a solvent, and a second configuration described later. In the case of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40B according to the pattern, carbon dioxide gas dissolved water is used as a solvent, and the carbon dioxide gas supply pipe 31 for fitting the solvent to the main flow line 30 in which these solvents are flowed at a predetermined high flow rate Is formed on the wall surface of the pipe line that divides and separates the solvent and carbon dioxide gas, in the illustrated example, the pipe wall face of the main flow pipe line 30, and shearing of the solvent flowing through the main flow pipe line 30 is formed. The carbon dioxide gas compressed to a liquid or supercritical state by force is mixed while being finely bubbled.

前記細孔３０ａは、複数配置する場合は、図示されるように、主流管路３０の管路壁面に、周方向に均等配置としかつ軸方向に間隔を空けて多段配置で複数設けるのが望ましい。   When a plurality of the pores 30a are arranged, as shown in the figure, it is desirable that the pores 30a are arranged on the wall surface of the mainstream pipe 30 in a uniform manner in the circumferential direction and in a multistage arrangement with an interval in the axial direction. .

前記溶媒の流速、前記細孔３０ａの孔径は、後述の実施例２−３に従って、下式(1)によって求められるウェーバー数(Ｗｅ)が１０以上となるように設定するのが望ましい。但し、細孔からの炭酸ガスの流速は、８×１０−２m/s以上であることを条件とする。

Figure 2010201330
The flow rate of the solvent and the pore diameter of the pores 30a are preferably set so that the Weber number (We) obtained by the following formula (1) is 10 or more according to Example 2-3 described later. However, the flow rate of the carbon dioxide gas from the pore is required to be 8 × 10 −2 m / s or more.
Figure 2010201330

なお、前記細泡化された炭酸ガスの径は、概ね０．０５〜０．２mm程度で十分であり、特にマイクロレベル（１０〜数十μｍ）までは細泡化する必要はない。   The diameter of the fine carbon dioxide gas is about 0.05 to 0.2 mm, and it is not necessary to make it fine up to the micro level (10 to several tens of μm).

第２形態例に係る細泡化装置７Ｂ、７Ｃは、図６及び図７に示されるように、溶媒を所定の高流速で流した主流管路３０の内部に、炭酸ガス供給管路３１を配設し、前記溶媒と炭酸ガスとを仕切る管路壁面、図示例の場合は炭酸ガス供給管路３１の管路壁面に細孔３１ａ、３１ａ…を形成し、前記主流管路３０を流れる溶媒のせん断力によって液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮した炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入するものである。   As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the fine foaming devices 7 </ b> B and 7 </ b> C according to the second embodiment include a carbon dioxide gas supply line 31 inside the main flow line 30 in which the solvent is flowed at a predetermined high flow rate. Is formed on the wall surface of the pipe line that divides and separates the solvent and the carbon dioxide gas, in the illustrated example, the pipe wall surface of the carbon dioxide supply pipe line 31, and the solvent flowing through the main flow line 30. The carbon dioxide gas compressed to a liquid or supercritical state by the shearing force is mixed while being finely bubbled.

図４に示される細泡化装置７は、上記第２形態例に係る細泡化装置であり、各溶解槽４の下部に設置され、前記溶媒圧送ポンプ３から圧送された溶媒を所定の高流速で流した主流管路３０の内部に、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置２によって圧縮された炭酸ガスが供給される炭酸ガス供給管路３１を配設し、前記溶媒と炭酸ガスとを仕切る炭酸ガス供給管路３１の管路壁面に細孔３１ａ、３１ａ…を形成し、前記主流管路３０を流れる溶媒のせん断力によって液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮した炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入させるものである。   The foaming device 7 shown in FIG. 4 is the foaming device according to the second embodiment, and is installed in the lower part of each dissolution tank 4 to transfer the solvent pumped from the solvent pumping pump 3 to a predetermined height. A carbon dioxide gas supply pipe 31 for supplying the carbon dioxide gas compressed by the carbon dioxide gas compression device 2 is disposed inside the main flow pipe 30 that flows at a flow velocity, and the carbon dioxide gas supply for partitioning the solvent and the carbon dioxide gas is provided. Fine pores 31a, 31a ... are formed on the pipeline wall surface of the pipeline 31 and mixed with carbon dioxide gas compressed to a liquid or supercritical state by the shearing force of the solvent flowing through the mainstream pipeline 30 while making it fine. .

前記溶解槽４は、図４に示されるように、密閉された容器１０の下部に、前記細泡化装置７によって細泡化された炭酸ガスが混入された溶媒が注入される注入口９が形成されるとともに、前記容器１０の上部に前記炭酸ガス溶解水が吐出される吐出口１３が形成され、前記容器１０内の下方及び上方に夫々、前記容器１０内を上下方向に仕切る多孔板１４、１４がそれぞれ配設され、前記多孔板１４、１４間に粒状の充填材１６が充填されて構成されている。また、前記注入口９にはメッシュ板１５が設置されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the dissolution tank 4 has an injection port 9 into which a solvent mixed with carbon dioxide gas finely bubbled by the fine bubbler 7 is injected at the bottom of a sealed container 10. A discharge port 13 through which the carbon dioxide dissolved water is discharged is formed in the upper part of the container 10, and a perforated plate 14 that partitions the inside of the container 10 vertically in the lower and upper parts of the container 10, respectively. , 14 are disposed, and a granular filler 16 is filled between the perforated plates 14, 14. A mesh plate 15 is installed at the inlet 9.

前記充填材１６は、溶媒と炭酸ガスとの撹拌を促し、炭酸ガスの溶解を効率化するためのものであり、例えば、砂、砕石、ラシヒリング、サドルの内のいずれか又は組み合わせとすることができる。前記ラシヒリングとは、セラミック、プラスチック、メタル、カーボンなどからなる円筒形状をした、充填塔で使用される充填物で、一般に広く用いられているものを使用することができる。前記サドルとは、セラミックなどからなる馬鞍形状をした、充填塔で使用される充填物で、一般に前記ラシヒリングより圧力損失が小さくなるように形成されている。   The filler 16 is for accelerating the stirring of the solvent and the carbon dioxide gas and improving the efficiency of the dissolution of the carbon dioxide gas. For example, the filler 16 may be any one or a combination of sand, crushed stone, Raschig ring, and saddle. it can. The Raschig ring is a cylinder-shaped packing made of ceramic, plastic, metal, carbon, etc., which is used in packed towers and can be used in general. The saddle is a horseshoe-shaped packing made of ceramic or the like, and is generally formed so that the pressure loss is smaller than that of the Raschig ring.

また、前記充填材１６は、充填材の種類ごとに、炭酸ガス及び溶媒の流量及び前記溶解槽の形状に基づいて定められる炭酸ガス溶解量と前記溶解槽における圧力損失とから決定する最適な平均粒径とすることが好ましい。具体的には、充填材の種類ごとに、充填材の平均粒径に対する下記の２つの関係(1)(2)を実験的に得た上で、溶解槽において許容される圧力損失（溶解槽の注入口と吐出口の間の圧力差）に対して、最も溶解量が多くなる平均粒径のものを最適な平均粒径として選定する。
(1)所定の炭酸ガス及び溶媒の流量及び溶解槽の形状において、充填材の平均粒径に対する炭酸ガス溶解量の関係。
(2)充填材の平均粒径に対する溶解槽の圧力損失の関係。 Moreover, the said filler 16 is the optimal average determined from the amount of carbon dioxide dissolution determined based on the flow volume of a carbon dioxide gas and a solvent, and the shape of the said dissolution tank, and the pressure loss in the said dissolution tank for every kind of filler. It is preferable to use a particle size. Specifically, for each type of filler, the following two relations (1) and (2) with respect to the average particle size of the filler were experimentally obtained, and then the pressure loss allowed in the dissolution tank (dissolution tank) The difference in pressure between the injection port and the discharge port) is selected as the optimum average particle size with an average particle size that maximizes the amount of dissolution.
(1) The relationship of the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved with respect to the average particle diameter of the filler in the predetermined carbon dioxide and solvent flow rates and the shape of the dissolution tank.
(2) Relationship between dissolution tank pressure loss and average filler particle size.

一般に、前記充填材の平均粒径に対する特性は、(1)炭酸ガス及び溶媒の流量と溶解槽の形状とが与えられれば、充填材の平均粒径を細かくするほど、炭酸ガスの溶解量は増加する。(2)一方、充填材の平均粒径を細かくするほど、溶解槽内の炭酸ガス及び溶媒の流れによる圧力損失が大きくなり、一定の流量を確保するために使用するエネルギーが増加する、という傾向がある。したがって、上記炭酸ガス及び溶媒の流量と溶解槽の形状とを総合的に勘案した上で、充填材の平均粒径を選定する。上記の最適な平均粒径の充填材１６を用いることにより、炭酸ガスの溶解効率に優れるようになる。   Generally, the properties of the filler with respect to the average particle size are as follows: (1) Given the flow rate of carbon dioxide gas and solvent and the shape of the dissolution tank, the smaller the average particle size of the filler, the more the dissolved amount of carbon dioxide gas. To increase. (2) On the other hand, as the average particle size of the filler becomes finer, the pressure loss due to the flow of carbon dioxide and solvent in the dissolution tank increases, and the energy used to secure a constant flow rate tends to increase. There is. Therefore, the average particle size of the filler is selected after comprehensively considering the flow rates of the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent and the shape of the dissolution tank. By using the filler 16 having the optimum average particle diameter, the carbon dioxide gas is efficiently dissolved.

前記容器１０は、図４に示されるように、密閉された縦長の管型とすることが好ましい。これにより、溶解槽４における炭酸ガスと溶媒の滞留時間を確保することが可能になる。また、系内の前記設定圧力に対して耐圧性を有する構造とすることができるとともに、短時間で連続的かつ安定的な炭酸ガス溶解水の生成が可能となる。   As shown in FIG. 4, the container 10 is preferably a sealed vertically long tube. Thereby, it becomes possible to ensure the residence time of the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent in the dissolution tank 4. Moreover, it can be set as the structure which has pressure | voltage resistance with respect to the said setting pressure in a system, and the production | generation of a carbon dioxide dissolved water can be continuously and stably in a short time.

ここで、溶解槽４内の流れについて説明すると、前記注入口９から容器１０内に圧送された炭酸ガス及び溶媒は、メッシュ板１５から均等に充填材１６の充填領域に浸入する。前記充填材１６の充填領域においては、充填材１６間での流動と相まって溶媒と炭酸ガスとが充分に撹拌されて溶媒に炭酸ガスが溶解されるとともに、上方に流動していく。この作用により、上方側多孔板１４に到達したときには、溶媒に炭酸ガスがほぼ溶解された炭酸ガス溶解水が生成され、溶媒の飽和溶解レベルにまで達するようになる。その後、上方側多孔板１４から上方ホッパー部１８に浸入した炭酸ガス溶解水は、吐出口１３から吐出される。   Here, the flow in the dissolution tank 4 will be described. The carbon dioxide gas and the solvent pumped into the container 10 from the injection port 9 enter the filling region of the filler 16 evenly from the mesh plate 15. In the filling region of the filler 16, the solvent and carbon dioxide are sufficiently stirred together with the flow between the fillers 16 to dissolve the carbon dioxide in the solvent and flow upward. By this action, when the upper porous plate 14 is reached, carbon dioxide-dissolved water in which carbon dioxide is substantially dissolved in the solvent is generated, and reaches the saturated dissolution level of the solvent. Thereafter, the carbon dioxide-dissolved water that has entered the upper hopper 18 from the upper porous plate 14 is discharged from the discharge port 13.

前記溶解槽４においては、前記充填材１６の充填領域内に、流路を仕切るように多数の開孔が形成された整流板１９を１又は複数設けるようにするのが望ましい。前記整流板１９を設けることにより、充填材１６による炭酸ガスと溶媒との流れが均一に整えられ、両者の接触機会の増大により、前記溶解槽４における炭酸ガスの溶解が向上するようになる。前記溶解槽４における滞留時間と炭酸ガス溶解量とは、飽和濃度レベルまでは概ね比例的関係にあるため、所定の操業条件の下で、目標溶解量に応じた滞留時間となるように装置規模を設定するのが望ましい。   In the dissolution tank 4, it is desirable to provide one or a plurality of rectifying plates 19 in which a large number of openings are formed so as to partition the flow path in the filling region of the filler 16. By providing the rectifying plate 19, the flow of the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent by the filler 16 is made uniform, and the dissolution of the carbon dioxide gas in the dissolution tank 4 is improved by increasing the chance of contact between them. The residence time in the dissolution tank 4 and the carbon dioxide gas dissolution amount are in a generally proportional relationship up to the saturation concentration level. Therefore, the apparatus scale is set so that the residence time according to the target dissolution amount is obtained under predetermined operating conditions. It is desirable to set.

溶解槽１基当たりの溶媒及び炭酸ガスの各流量は、溶解槽４の容積と炭酸ガス及び溶媒の溶解槽４内の滞留時間によって定めた全体流量に対して、注入する炭酸ガス及び溶媒の重量比（炭酸ガス重量／溶媒重量）から求めることができる。この際、炭酸ガス及び溶媒の重量比は、所望の炭酸ガスの溶解量に基づいて定められる。この炭酸ガス及び溶媒の重量比と炭酸ガスの溶解量との関係については、予め行われる通水試験によって求めておく。   Each flow rate of the solvent and carbon dioxide gas per dissolution tank is the weight of the injected carbon dioxide gas and solvent with respect to the total flow rate determined by the volume of the dissolution tank 4 and the residence time of the carbon dioxide gas and solvent in the dissolution tank 4. It can be determined from the ratio (carbon dioxide weight / solvent weight). At this time, the weight ratio between the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent is determined based on the desired amount of carbon dioxide dissolved. The relationship between the weight ratio of the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent and the dissolved amount of the carbon dioxide gas is determined by a water flow test performed in advance.

後段の実施例で詳述するように、溶解槽４での溶解濃度は、注入される炭酸ガス及び溶媒の重量比（炭酸ガス重量／溶媒重量）に影響する。具体的には、注入される前記重量比が大きくなると、溶解槽４での溶解濃度が大きくなる傾向にあるため、炭酸ガスの溶解を促進させる目的で、炭酸ガス及び溶媒の注入重量比は、前記炭酸ガス溶解濃度の目標値より大きく設定することが好ましい。   As will be described in detail in an example at a later stage, the dissolution concentration in the dissolution tank 4 affects the weight ratio of the injected carbon dioxide gas to the solvent (carbon dioxide weight / solvent weight). Specifically, as the weight ratio to be injected increases, the dissolution concentration in the dissolution tank 4 tends to increase. For the purpose of promoting the dissolution of carbon dioxide, the injection weight ratio of carbon dioxide and solvent is: It is preferable to set it larger than the target value of the carbon dioxide gas dissolution concentration.

また、本第１構成パターンの変形例として、図３に示されるように、前記溶解槽４から注入井５に至る流路の途中に、送給された炭酸ガス溶解水の全量に対して、未溶解の炭酸ガスと、炭酸ガスが飽和濃度で溶解した状態の炭酸ガス溶解水とを分離する分離槽６を配設し、分離された前記未溶解炭酸ガスを前記細泡化装置７前段の炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１に戻す炭酸ガス圧送装置８が配設される構成とすることができる。   In addition, as a modification of the first configuration pattern, as shown in FIG. 3, with respect to the total amount of carbon dioxide dissolved water fed in the middle of the flow path from the dissolution tank 4 to the injection well 5, A separation tank 6 is provided for separating undissolved carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide-dissolved water in a state where carbon dioxide gas is dissolved at a saturated concentration, and the separated undissolved carbon dioxide gas is separated from the former stage of the fine foaming device 7. A configuration in which a carbon dioxide gas feeding device 8 for returning to the carbon dioxide pipeline 41 can be provided.

前記溶解槽４から吐出された炭酸ガス溶解水の全量を対象として、未溶解炭酸ガス分を前記分離槽６において分離し、この未溶解の炭酸ガス分を溶解槽４にリターンさせることにより、飽和濃度レベルで炭酸ガスを溶媒（海水又は水）に溶解させた状態で地中に圧入することが可能となる。従って、この炭酸ガス溶解水は、未溶解炭酸ガスを含むことなく、帯水層の周辺地下水より大きな比重を持つようになり、帯水層に注入しても炭酸ガスが浮上せず、長期的かつ安定的に帯水層に貯留・隔離させることができるようになる。   Saturation is achieved by separating undissolved carbon dioxide in the separation tank 6 and returning the undissolved carbon dioxide to the dissolution tank 4 for the total amount of carbon dioxide dissolved water discharged from the dissolution tank 4. It becomes possible to press-fit into the ground with carbon dioxide gas dissolved in a solvent (seawater or water) at a concentration level. Therefore, this carbon dioxide-dissolved water does not contain undissolved carbon dioxide, and has a higher specific gravity than the groundwater around the aquifer. In addition, it can be stably stored and isolated in the aquifer.

前記分離槽６は、図８に示されるように、密閉された容器２０の内部に下面から所定高さで立設し、前記溶解槽４を通過した炭酸ガス溶解水の流路と接続した流入管２１が設けられ、概ね前記炭酸ガス溶解水で容器２０内が満たされて、未溶解炭酸ガスが上方側に重力分離されるとともに、前記容器２０の上部に、前記未溶解炭酸ガスを吐出する未溶解炭酸ガス吐出口２２が形成され、前記容器２０の下方に、前記未溶解炭酸ガスが分離された後の炭酸ガス溶解水を吐出する炭酸ガス溶解水吐出口２３が形成されて構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 8, the separation tank 6 is an inflow connected to a flow path of carbon dioxide dissolved water passing through the dissolution tank 4, standing in a sealed container 20 at a predetermined height from the lower surface. A tube 21 is provided, and the inside of the container 20 is substantially filled with the carbon dioxide-dissolved water so that the undissolved carbon dioxide is gravity separated upward, and the undissolved carbon dioxide gas is discharged to the upper part of the container 20. An undissolved carbon dioxide gas discharge port 22 is formed, and a carbon dioxide gas-dissolved water discharge port 23 for discharging the carbon dioxide-dissolved water after the undissolved carbon dioxide gas is separated is formed below the container 20. Yes.

本第１構成パターンの変形例では、前述の通り、全ての溶解槽４、４…から吐出された炭酸ガス溶解水は前記分離槽６に注入されるため、前記分離槽６において溶解槽４、４…から吐出される炭酸ガス溶解水に含まれる未溶解炭酸ガスが完全に分離され、注入井５には、炭酸ガスが溶媒に完全に溶解した状態の炭酸ガス溶解水が圧入される。   In the modification of the first configuration pattern, as described above, the carbon dioxide dissolved water discharged from all the dissolution tanks 4, 4... Is injected into the separation tank 6. The undissolved carbon dioxide contained in the carbon dioxide-dissolved water discharged from 4... Is completely separated, and carbon dioxide-dissolved water in a state where the carbon dioxide is completely dissolved in the solvent is injected into the injection well 5.

（第２構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ｂ）
次に、図９及び図１０に基づいて、第２構成パターンに係る炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ｂについて述べる。 (Carbon dioxide melting device 40B according to the second configuration pattern)
Next, based on FIG.9 and FIG.10, the carbon dioxide melt | dissolution apparatus 40B which concerns on a 2nd structure pattern is described.

本炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ｂは、図９に示されるように、炭酸ガス圧縮装置２によって液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮された炭酸ガス及び圧送ポンプ３によって圧縮・搬送された海水及び／又は水からなる溶媒が注入され、前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させて炭酸ガス溶解水とする複数の溶解槽４、４…と、前記溶解槽４、４…の後段に設置され、送給された炭酸ガス溶解水の全量に対して、未溶解の炭酸ガスと、炭酸ガスが飽和濃度で溶解した状態の炭酸ガス溶解水とを分離する分離槽６と、該分離槽６で分離された炭酸ガスを圧送する炭酸ガス圧送装置８と、この炭酸ガス圧送装置８の後段に、前記炭酸ガス溶解水を所定の高流速で流した主流管路３０の内部に、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置８から圧送された炭酸ガスが供給される供給管路３１を配設するか、前記主流管路３０を外嵌するとともに、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置８から圧送された炭酸ガスが供給される供給管路３１を配設し、前記炭酸ガス溶解水と炭酸ガスとを仕切る管路壁面に細孔を形成し、前記主流管路３０を流れる炭酸ガス溶解水によるせん断力によって前記炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入させる細泡化装置７とから主に構成されるものである。   As shown in FIG. 9, the present carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 </ b> B is composed of carbon dioxide compressed to a liquid or supercritical state by the carbon dioxide compression device 2 and seawater and / or water compressed and conveyed by the pressure pump 3. A plurality of dissolution tanks 4, 4..., In which a solvent is injected and the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the solvent to form carbon dioxide-dissolved water, and the carbon dioxide gas that is installed and fed after the dissolution tanks 4, 4. Separation tank 6 that separates undissolved carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide-dissolved water in a state in which carbon dioxide gas is dissolved at a saturated concentration, and carbon dioxide gas separated in the separation tank 6 by pressure with respect to the total amount of dissolved water The carbon dioxide pumping device 8 and the carbon dioxide pumped from the carbon dioxide pumping device 8 into the main stream line 30 in which the carbon dioxide-dissolved water is flowed at a predetermined high flow rate after the carbon dioxide pumping device 8. Supply line 31 to which gas is supplied Or a main pipe line 30 and a supply pipe line 31 to which the carbon dioxide gas fed from the carbon dioxide gas feeding device 8 is supplied, and the carbon dioxide-dissolved water, the carbon dioxide gas, Is mainly composed of a fine foaming device 7 which forms pores on the wall surface of the pipe line partitioning the gas and mixes the carbon dioxide gas while making it fine by the shearing force of the carbon dioxide dissolved water flowing through the main flow line 30 It is.

前記溶解槽４は、図１０に示されるように、密閉された容器１０の下部に、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置２から送られた炭酸ガスが注入される炭酸ガス注入口１１と、前記溶媒圧送ポンプ３から送られた溶媒が注入される溶媒注入口１２とが形成されるとともに、前記容器１０の上部に前記炭酸ガス溶解水が吐出される吐出口１３が形成され、前記容器１０内の下方及び上方に夫々、前記容器１０内を上下方向に仕切る多孔板１４、１５がそれぞれ配設され、前記多孔板１４、１５間に粒状の充填材１６が充填されて構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 10, the dissolution tank 4 includes a carbon dioxide gas inlet 11 through which the carbon dioxide gas sent from the carbon dioxide gas compression device 2 is injected into a lower portion of a sealed container 10, and the solvent pressure pump. 3 is formed, and a discharge port 13 for discharging the carbon dioxide-dissolved water is formed in the upper portion of the container 10. The perforated plates 14 and 15 for partitioning the inside of the container 10 in the vertical direction are respectively arranged on the upper side, and a granular filler 16 is filled between the perforated plates 14 and 15.

また、本炭酸ガス溶解装置４０Ｂでは、図９に示されるように、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置８と前記供給管路３０との間に、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置８から圧送された炭酸ガスを分岐する分岐装置３２が配置されるとともに、前記分岐装置３２にて前記炭酸ガスのうち前記細泡化装置７から前記帯水層までの経路で溶解可能な量を分岐して前記供給管路３０に圧送し、前記炭酸ガスのうち残りの量を前記溶解槽４、４…に戻すようにしてもよい。   Further, in the present carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40B, as shown in FIG. 9, the carbon dioxide gas fed from the carbon dioxide gas feeding device 8 is branched between the carbon dioxide gas feeding device 8 and the supply conduit 30. A branching device 32 is arranged, and the branching device 32 branches an amount of the carbon dioxide gas that can be dissolved in the path from the fine foaming device 7 to the aquifer and pumps it to the supply pipe 30. However, the remaining amount of the carbon dioxide gas may be returned to the dissolution tanks 4, 4.

以上の構成からなる本ケース１に係る地中貯留システム１Ａでは、炭酸ガスが陸上の炭酸ガス圧縮装置２によって圧縮され、所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１で帯水層近傍の炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に輸送される。また、海水及び／又は水等の溶媒が陸上の溶媒圧送ポンプ３によって所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、溶媒用パイプライン４２で炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に輸送される。その後、炭酸ガス及び溶媒は、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に組み込まれた前記溶解槽４及び細泡化装置７によって炭酸ガス溶解水とされた後、注入井５を通って帯水層に貯留される。   In the underground storage system 1A according to the case 1 having the above-described configuration, the carbon dioxide is compressed by the on-shore carbon dioxide compression device 2 and pressurized to a required pressure, and then the aquifer is formed by the carbon dioxide pipeline 41. It is transported to a nearby carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40. In addition, a solvent such as seawater and / or water is boosted to a required pressure by the solvent pump 3 on land, and then transported to the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 by the solvent pipeline 42. Thereafter, the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent are converted into carbon dioxide-dissolved water by the dissolution tank 4 and the fine foaming device 7 incorporated in the carbon dioxide-dissolving device 40, and then stored in the aquifer through the injection well 5. .

本ケース１では、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０で生成された炭酸ガス溶解水をパイプラインで長距離輸送する必要がなくなるため、輸送時の摩擦損失等によって輸送コストが増大することがない。また、炭酸ガス溶解水を輸送するパイプラインの場合高圧ガスの取扱いを受けるが、溶媒用パイプライン４２ではこの取扱いを受けないため、輸送コストの増大を抑制できる。   In this case 1, since it is not necessary to transport the carbon dioxide-dissolved water generated by the carbon dioxide-dissolving device 40 over a long distance by a pipeline, the transportation cost does not increase due to friction loss during transportation. In the case of a pipeline that transports carbon dioxide-dissolved water, the high-pressure gas is handled. However, the solvent pipeline 42 does not receive this handling, so that an increase in transportation cost can be suppressed.

さらに、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置４０が海底面上に設置されるとともに、これに接続する前記炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１及び溶媒用パイプライン４２が海底付近に配設されるため、内部を流れる溶媒及び炭酸ガスが海水温と同等のおよそ１０℃前後で安定する。ここで、炭酸ガスの溶媒への溶解量は、後段で詳述する溶解実験の結果、低温ほど増加する傾向にある（図２１の15℃〜20℃の相対的低温条件を参照）。したがって、本ケース１では、パイプライン４１、４２及び炭酸ガス溶解装置４０が低温化した雰囲気中に配置されるため、炭酸ガスの溶解上有利となる。   Further, the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 is installed on the sea bottom, and the carbon dioxide gas pipeline 41 and the solvent pipeline 42 connected to the carbon dioxide gas dissolving apparatus 40 are disposed in the vicinity of the sea bottom. Carbon dioxide is stable at around 10 ° C, which is equivalent to seawater temperature. Here, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the solvent tends to increase as the temperature decreases as a result of the dissolution experiment described in detail later (see the relative low temperature conditions of 15 ° C. to 20 ° C. in FIG. 21). Therefore, in this case 1, since the pipelines 41 and 42 and the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 are arranged in a low-temperature atmosphere, it is advantageous for dissolving the carbon dioxide gas.

加えて、炭酸ガス圧縮装置２及び溶媒圧送ポンプ３が陸上に設けられるため、電力供給用のケーブルを海中に設置する必要がなくなり、設備コスト及び保守・点検のコストを低減できる。   In addition, since the carbon dioxide gas compression device 2 and the solvent pressure pump 3 are provided on land, it is not necessary to install a power supply cable in the sea, and the equipment cost and maintenance / inspection cost can be reduced.

〔ケース２〕
ケース２に係る地中貯留システム１Ｂは、図１１に示されるように、帯水層から離れた陸上に設置された溶媒圧送ポンプ３Ａが低圧用とされ、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０近傍の前段に高圧用の増圧ポンプ３Ｂが配置されるとともに、前記溶媒圧送ポンプ３Ａと増圧ポンプ３Ｂとの間は低圧用の溶媒用パイプライン４２Ａで接続され、増圧ポンプ３Ｂと炭酸ガス溶解装置４０との間は高圧用の溶媒用パイプライン４２Ｂで接続される点で上記ケース１と相違する。 [Case 2]
As shown in FIG. 11, the underground storage system 1 </ b> B according to Case 2 uses a low pressure solvent pump pump 3 </ b> A installed on land far from the aquifer, and has a high pressure in the front stage in the vicinity of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40. The pressure increasing pump 3B is disposed, and the solvent pressure pump 3A and the pressure increasing pump 3B are connected by a low pressure solvent pipeline 42A, and the pressure increasing pump 3B and the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 are connected to each other. They are different from the above case 1 in that they are connected by a high-pressure solvent pipeline 42B.

低圧用の溶媒圧送ポンプ３Ａは、溶媒を前記増圧ポンプ３Ｂに圧送できるだけの圧力を発生させるもので足り、高圧用の増圧ポンプ３Ｂは、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０において炭酸ガス溶解水を生成するのに必要な圧力に加圧するためのものである。   The low pressure solvent pressure pump 3A only needs to generate a pressure sufficient to pump the solvent to the pressure increasing pump 3B, and the high pressure pressure increasing pump 3B generates carbon dioxide dissolved water in the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40. It is for pressurizing to the pressure required for this.

図示例のように帯水層が海底面下の地層に位置する場合、前記増圧ポンプ３Ｂは、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置４０と同様に海底面上に設置することが好ましい。また、海底面上に設置される増圧ポンプ３Ｂに対して、陸上から電力供給用のケーブルが配設される。   When the aquifer is located in the formation below the bottom of the sea as in the illustrated example, it is preferable that the booster pump 3B is installed on the bottom of the sea like the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40. In addition, a power supply cable is provided from the land to the pressure increasing pump 3B installed on the sea bottom.

本地中貯留システム１Ｂでは、炭酸ガスが陸上の炭酸ガス圧縮装置２によって圧縮され、所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１を通って帯水層近傍の炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に輸送される。また、海水及び／又は水等の溶媒が陸上の低圧用の溶媒圧送ポンプ３Ａによって低圧条件の下で低圧用の溶媒用パイプライン４２Ａで炭酸ガス溶解装置４０近傍に設置された増圧ポンプ３Ｂに輸送される。その後、増圧ポンプによって所要の圧力に増圧され、高圧用の溶媒用パイプライン４２Ｂを通って炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に輸送される。しかる後、炭酸ガス及び溶媒は、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に組み込まれた溶解槽４及び細泡化装置７によって炭酸ガス溶解水とされた後、注入井５を通って帯水層に貯留される。なお、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置４０として、上記ケース１に係る地中貯留システム１Ａと同様に、第１構成パターン４０Ａ又は第２構成パターン４０Ｂのいずれかとすることができる。   In the underground storage system 1B, the carbon dioxide gas is compressed by the on-shore carbon dioxide gas compressing device 2 and pressurized to a required pressure, and then passes through the carbon dioxide pipeline 41 to the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 near the aquifer. Transported. Also, a solvent such as seawater and / or water is supplied to the pressure increasing pump 3B installed in the vicinity of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 by the low-pressure solvent pipeline 42A under the low-pressure condition by the low-pressure solvent pressure-feeding pump 3A on land. Transported. Thereafter, the pressure is increased to a required pressure by a pressure increasing pump, and transported to the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 through the high-pressure solvent pipeline 42B. Thereafter, the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent are converted into carbon dioxide-dissolved water by the dissolution tank 4 and the fine foaming device 7 incorporated in the carbon dioxide dissolution apparatus 40, and then stored in the aquifer through the injection well 5. . The carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 can be either the first configuration pattern 40A or the second configuration pattern 40B, similarly to the underground storage system 1A according to the case 1.

本ケース２では、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０近傍の増圧ポンプ３Ｂまでは低圧用の溶媒用パイプライン４２Ａが使用可能であるため、設備コストが低減できる。   In this case 2, since the low-pressure solvent pipeline 42A can be used up to the pressure increasing pump 3B in the vicinity of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40, the equipment cost can be reduced.

〔ケース３〕
ケース３に係る地中貯留システム１Ｃは、図１２に示されるように、溶媒圧送ポンプ３を前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置することに代えて、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０の近傍に設置される点で上記ケース１と相違する。ここで、図示例のように帯水層が海底面下の地層に位置する場合、前記溶媒圧送ポンプ３が設置される海底面周辺の海水を溶媒として取水することができる。その他に、地下水を揚水する又は他の事業で揚水された地下水の供給を受けるなどによって前記溶媒としてもよい。また、海底面上に設置される溶媒圧送ポンプ３に対して、陸上から電力供給用のケーブルが配設される。 [Case 3]
As shown in FIG. 12, the underground storage system 1 </ b> C according to the case 3 is installed in the vicinity of the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 instead of disposing the solvent pump 3 on the land far from the aquifer. This is different from Case 1 above. Here, when the aquifer is located in the formation below the sea bottom as in the illustrated example, seawater around the sea bottom where the solvent pump 3 is installed can be taken as a solvent. In addition, the solvent may be used by pumping up groundwater or receiving supply of groundwater pumped up in other projects. In addition, a cable for supplying power from the land is provided for the solvent pump 3 installed on the bottom of the sea.

本地中貯留システム１Ｃでは、炭酸ガスが陸上の炭酸ガス圧縮装置２によって圧縮され、所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１を通って帯水層近傍の炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に輸送される。周辺の海水を取水するなどして吸込まれた溶媒が溶媒圧送ポンプ３によって所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、溶媒用パイプライン４２を通って隣接する炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に送られる。その後、炭酸ガス及び溶媒は、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に組み込まれた前記溶解槽４及び細泡化装置７によって炭酸ガス溶解水とされた後、注入井５を通って帯水層に貯留される。   In the underground storage system 1C, the carbon dioxide gas is compressed by the on-shore carbon dioxide gas compressing device 2 and pressurized to a required pressure, and then passes through the carbon dioxide pipeline 41 to the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 near the aquifer. Transported. The solvent sucked in by taking seawater in the vicinity is raised to a required pressure by the solvent pressure pump 3, and then sent to the adjacent carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 through the solvent pipeline 42. Thereafter, the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent are converted into carbon dioxide-dissolved water by the dissolution tank 4 and the fine foaming device 7 incorporated in the carbon dioxide-dissolving device 40, and then stored in the aquifer through the injection well 5. .

本ケース３では、溶媒用パイプライン４２が短縮できるとともに、帯水層が沿岸部から離れた海底面下に位置する場合には、溶媒圧送ポンプ３が周辺の低温状態で安定した海水を取水できるため、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０において炭酸ガスを効率よく溶解することができる。   In this case 3, the solvent pipeline 42 can be shortened, and when the aquifer is located under the sea bottom away from the coastal area, the solvent pump 3 can take in stable seawater at a low temperature in the surrounding area. Therefore, carbon dioxide gas can be efficiently dissolved in the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40.

〔ケース４〕
ケース４に係る地中貯留システム１Ｄでは、図１３に示されるように、帯水層が海底面下の地層に位置する場合において、帯水層近傍の海洋上に海上プラットフォーム４３を構築し、この海上プラットフォーム４３に少なくとも炭酸ガス溶解装置４０を配置する点で上記ケース１と相違する。また、図示例では、溶媒圧送ポンプ３が炭酸ガス溶解装置４０の近傍の海中に配置され、周辺の海水を取水して溶媒とし炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に圧送している点でも上記ケース１と相違する。なお、前記溶媒圧送ポンプ３は、海上プラットフォーム４３に設置しても良く、また溶媒として地下水などを使用することもできる。 [Case 4]
In the underground storage system 1D according to the case 4, as shown in FIG. 13, when the aquifer is located in the formation below the sea floor, the offshore platform 43 is constructed on the ocean near the aquifer, The case 1 is different from the case 1 in that at least the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 is disposed on the offshore platform 43. Further, in the illustrated example, the solvent pressure pump 3 is disposed in the sea near the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40, and is different from the case 1 in that the surrounding sea water is taken as a solvent and is pumped to the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40. To do. The solvent pump 3 may be installed on the offshore platform 43, and groundwater or the like may be used as a solvent.

本ケース４における前記海上プラットフォーム４３を構築してこの海上プラットフォーム４３に炭酸ガス溶解装置４０を配置する点は、上記ケース１〜３の地中貯留システム１にも同様に適用することができる。   The construction of the offshore platform 43 in the present case 4 and the disposition of the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 on the offshore platform 43 can be similarly applied to the underground storage system 1 of the above cases 1 to 3.

本地中貯留システム１Ｄでは、炭酸ガスが陸上の炭酸ガス圧縮装置２によって圧縮され、所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１を通って帯水層近傍の炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に輸送される。また、周辺の海水を取水するなどして吸込まれた溶媒が海中に設置された溶媒圧送ポンプ３によって所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、溶媒用パイプライン４２を通って炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に送られる。その後、炭酸ガス及び溶媒は、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に組み込まれた前記溶解槽４及び細泡化装置７によって炭酸ガス溶解水とされた後、注入井５を通って帯水層に貯留される。   In the underground storage system 1D, the carbon dioxide gas is compressed by the on-shore carbon dioxide gas compression device 2 and pressurized to a required pressure, and then passed through the carbon dioxide gas pipeline 41 to the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 near the aquifer. Transported. In addition, the solvent sucked in, for example, by taking in the surrounding seawater is increased to a required pressure by the solvent pressure pump 3 installed in the sea, and then sent to the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 through the solvent pipeline 42. It is done. Thereafter, the carbon dioxide gas and the solvent are converted into carbon dioxide-dissolved water by the dissolution tank 4 and the fine foaming device 7 incorporated in the carbon dioxide-dissolving device 40, and then stored in the aquifer through the injection well 5. .

ケース４では、少なくとも前記炭酸ガス溶解装置４０を海上プラットフォーム４３に配置することにより、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０の維持管理等が容易化できる。また、炭酸ガスの溶解に最適な水温となる水深から取水することにより、炭酸ガスの溶解濃度及び溶解速度を増加させることができる。   In the case 4, at least the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 is disposed on the offshore platform 43, so that the maintenance and management of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 can be facilitated. Further, by taking water from a water depth that is optimal for dissolving carbon dioxide gas, the dissolution concentration and dissolution rate of carbon dioxide gas can be increased.

〔ケース５〕
ケース５に係る地中貯留システム１Ｅでは、図１４に示されるように、陸上において炭酸ガスの排出源と炭酸ガスの帯水層とが離れた場合において、上記ケース１〜３と同様の地中貯留システム１を採用したものである。図示例の場合、炭酸ガスが排出源近くに設置された炭酸ガス圧縮装置２によって圧縮され、所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、炭酸ガス用パイプライン４１を通って帯水層近傍の陸上に設置された炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に輸送される。溶媒については、貯留サイト近傍において河川水を取水するか、又は地下水を揚水するもしくは他の事業で揚水された地下水の供給を受けるなどにより確保し、貯留サイト近傍に設置した溶媒圧送ポンプ３によって所要の圧力まで昇圧された後、溶媒用パイプライン４２を通って前記炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に送られる。その後、炭酸ガス溶解装置４０に組み込まれた前記溶解槽４及び細泡化装置７によって、各パイプラインを通って圧送されてきた炭酸ガスを溶媒に溶解させた後、陸上の地表面から帯水層まで貫通した注入井５を通って帯水層に貯留される。 [Case 5]
In the underground storage system 1E according to the case 5, as shown in FIG. 14, when the carbon dioxide emission source and the carbon dioxide aquifer are separated on land, The storage system 1 is adopted. In the case of the illustrated example, the carbon dioxide gas is compressed by the carbon dioxide compression device 2 installed near the discharge source, and after being pressurized to the required pressure, is installed on land near the aquifer through the carbon dioxide pipeline 41. The carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40 is transported. The solvent is secured by taking the river water in the vicinity of the storage site, pumping the ground water or receiving the supply of ground water pumped by another project, etc., and is required by the solvent pump 3 installed near the storage site. And then sent to the carbon dioxide dissolving device 40 through the solvent pipeline 42. Thereafter, the carbon dioxide gas fed through each pipeline is dissolved in the solvent by the dissolution tank 4 and the fine foaming device 7 incorporated in the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device 40, and then the aquifer from the land surface on land. It is stored in the aquifer through the injection well 5 penetrating to the formation.

本地中貯留システム１による炭酸ガスの溶解状態を実証するため、図１５に示される実験装置を用いて炭酸ガスの溶解実験を行った。なお、細泡化装置７は後述の実施例２の細泡化装置有りのケースにおいて設置した。   In order to verify the state of carbon dioxide dissolution by the underground storage system 1, a carbon dioxide dissolution experiment was performed using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. In addition, the fine foaming apparatus 7 was installed in the case with the fine foaming apparatus of Example 2 mentioned later.

実験装置は、炭酸ガスボンベ４５の炭酸ガスを炭酸ガス圧縮装置２によって加圧して溶解槽４に注入するとともに、塩水タンク４６の塩水を溶媒圧送ポンプ３によって加圧して溶解槽４に注入し、溶解槽４で炭酸ガスの溶解処理を行い、この炭酸ガス溶解水を分離槽６で未溶解炭酸ガスを分離した後の炭酸ガス溶解水をサンプリングする。ここで、溶解槽４の容積は850mlとし、充填材１６は、平均粒径が0.18mm（粒度１）、0.63mm（粒度２）、1.32mm（粒度３）の砂状のものを使用した。実験では、温度、圧力、塩水流量、充填材１６の粒度及び炭酸ガスと塩水の重量比（炭酸ガス重量／塩水重量）をそれぞれ変化させたとき、サンプリングした炭酸ガス溶解水の炭酸ガス溶解量を測定した。   The experimental apparatus pressurizes the carbon dioxide gas in the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 45 by the carbon dioxide compression apparatus 2 and injects it into the dissolution tank 4, and pressurizes the salt water in the salt water tank 46 by the solvent pump 3 and injects it into the dissolution tank 4 for dissolution. Carbon dioxide dissolved in the tank 4 is sampled, and the carbon dioxide dissolved water after the carbon dioxide dissolved water is separated from the undissolved carbon dioxide in the separation tank 6 is sampled. Here, the volume of the dissolution tank 4 was 850 ml, and the filler 16 used was a sand-like material having an average particle size of 0.18 mm (particle size 1), 0.63 mm (particle size 2), and 1.32 mm (particle size 3). In the experiment, when the temperature, pressure, salt water flow rate, particle size of the filler 16 and the weight ratio of carbon dioxide and salt water (carbon dioxide weight / salt water weight) were changed, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the sampled carbon dioxide dissolved water was changed. It was measured.

図１６、図１７は、各温度における塩水流量及び充填材１６の粒度をそれぞれ変化させたときの溶解槽４に注入する炭酸ガス及び塩水の重量比（炭酸ガス重量／塩水重量）と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。この結果、温度29℃、33℃のいずれの試験温度においても、炭酸ガスと塩水の重量比を増大させるほど、また充填材１６の粒度を小さくするほど炭酸ガス溶解量が大きくなる傾向にある。   16 and 17 show the weight ratio of carbon dioxide and salt water (carbon dioxide weight / salt water weight) and carbon dioxide dissolution when injected into the dissolution tank 4 when the flow rate of salt water at each temperature and the particle size of the filler 16 are changed. It is a graph which shows the relationship with quantity. As a result, at any of the test temperatures of 29 ° C. and 33 ° C., the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved tends to increase as the weight ratio of carbon dioxide to salt water increases and the particle size of the filler 16 decreases.

図１８〜図２０は、各温度における塩水流量及び圧力をそれぞれ変化させたときの前記重量比と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。この結果、前述と同様に、炭酸ガスと塩水の重量比を増大させるほど、炭酸ガス溶解量が増大する傾向にあるが、ある重量比以上では炭酸ガス溶解量がほぼ一定の飽和濃度レベルとなり、本地中貯留システムの有効性が確認された。   18 to 20 are graphs showing the relationship between the weight ratio and the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide gas when the brine flow rate and pressure at each temperature are changed. As a result, as described above, as the weight ratio of carbon dioxide and salt water increases, the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide tends to increase, but at a certain weight ratio or more, the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide becomes a substantially constant saturation concentration level, The effectiveness of the underground storage system was confirmed.

図２１は、各圧力における温度と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。この結果、25℃〜40℃の範囲の一般的な温度条件においては、炭酸ガス溶解量に大きく影響を及ぼさないことが確認された。また、15℃〜20℃の相対的低温条件では、炭酸ガスの溶解が促進されることが確認された。   FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature at each pressure and the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved. As a result, it was confirmed that, under general temperature conditions in the range of 25 ° C. to 40 ° C., the carbon dioxide dissolution amount was not greatly affected. Further, it was confirmed that the dissolution of carbon dioxide gas was promoted at a relatively low temperature condition of 15 ° C. to 20 ° C.

図２２は、各塩水流量における充填材の平均粒径と炭酸ガス溶解量との関係を示すグラフである。この結果、本実施例では、充填材の平均粒径は、平均粒径１．０mm以下とすることにより、炭酸ガスの溶解効率に優れるようになる。   FIG. 22 is a graph showing the relationship between the average particle diameter of the filler and the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved at each salt water flow rate. As a result, in this example, the average particle size of the filler is excellent in the dissolution efficiency of carbon dioxide gas by setting the average particle size to 1.0 mm or less.

（実施例２−１）
本実施例２−１では、本地中貯留システム１による前記細泡化装置７での溶解効果、前記溶解槽４での溶解効果を定量的に検証するための実験を行った。 (Example 2-1)
In Example 2-1, an experiment for quantitatively verifying the dissolution effect in the fine foaming device 7 and the dissolution effect in the dissolution tank 4 by the underground storage system 1 was performed.

実験は、条件１：溶解槽４の充填材無し及び細泡化装置７無し、条件２：溶解槽４の充填材無し及び細泡化装置７有り、条件３：溶解槽４の充填材有り及び細泡化装置７有りの３ケースとし、(1)試験圧力：１５MPa、試験温度：２９℃、（炭酸ガス／塩水）重量比：約８％、(2)試験圧力：１５MPa、試験温度：３３℃、（炭酸ガス／塩水）重量比：約８％の２種類について溶解試験を行った。   Experiments are as follows: condition 1: no filler in dissolution tank 4 and no finer 7, condition 2: no filler in dissolution tank 4 and finer 7, condition 3: with filler in dissolution tank 4 and (1) Test pressure: 15 MPa, test temperature: 29 ° C., (carbon dioxide / brine water) weight ratio: about 8%, (2) Test pressure: 15 MPa, test temperature: 33 A dissolution test was conducted on two types of C, and (carbon dioxide / salt water) weight ratio: about 8%.

その結果を図２３に示す。同図２３より、細泡化装置７単独によってもかなり炭酸ガスの溶解が促進されている事、更に細泡化装置７と溶解槽４とを組合せることによって、更に溶解が促進されることが実証できた。   The result is shown in FIG. From FIG. 23, it can be seen that the dissolution of carbon dioxide gas is considerably promoted by the fine foaming device 7 alone, and further that the dissolution is further promoted by combining the fine foaming device 7 and the dissolution tank 4. I was able to prove.

（実施例２−２）
本実施例２−２では、前記細泡化装置７による溶解促進効果の検証実験を行った。 (Example 2-2)
In the present Example 2-2, verification experiment of the melt | dissolution promotion effect by the said bubble reduction apparatus 7 was conducted.

一般に、炭酸ガス溶解量と溶解槽の容器高さＺとの間には、下式(2)の関係が成り立つことが判明している。

Figure 2010201330
In general, it has been found that the relationship of the following equation (2) holds between the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved and the container height Z of the dissolution tank.
Figure 2010201330

溶解に要する容器の高さＺは、総括容量係数ＫＸａに依存しており、この総括容量係数ＫＸａを溶解効率を表す指標とした。実験は、細泡化装置無しと細泡化装置有りの各ケースについて、(1)試験圧力：１５MPa、試験温度：２９℃、（炭酸ガス／塩水）重量比：約８％、(2)試験圧力：１５MPa、試験温度：２９℃、（炭酸ガス／塩水）重量比：約１０％、(3)試験圧力：１５MPa、試験温度：３３℃、（炭酸ガス／塩水）重量比：約８％の３種類について試験を行い、図２４〜図２６に示されるように、縦軸を総括容量係数Ｋｘａ（mol/m3s）とし、横軸を水の断面モル流速（mol/(m2・s))とするグラフを得た。同図２４〜図２６のグラフによれば、水の断面モル流速（mol/(m2・s))の高い領域においては、細泡化装置有りのケースが細泡化装置無しのケースに比べて、総括容量係数Ｋｘａが１．５倍以上になることが判明した。 The height Z of the container required for dissolution is dependent on overall capacity coefficient K X a, and the overall capacity coefficient K X a as an index representing the dissolution efficiency. The experiment is for each case without a foaming device and with a foaming device. (1) Test pressure: 15 MPa, Test temperature: 29 ° C, (Carbon dioxide / salt water) Weight ratio: About 8%, (2) Test Pressure: 15 MPa, test temperature: 29 ° C., (carbon dioxide / salt water) weight ratio: about 10%, (3) test pressure: 15 MPa, test temperature: 33 ° C., (carbon dioxide / salt water) weight ratio: about 8% As shown in FIGS. 24 to 26, three types of tests were conducted. The vertical axis represents the overall capacity coefficient K x a (mol / m 3 s), and the horizontal axis represents the cross-sectional molar flow velocity (mol / (m 2 ) of water.・ The graph of s)) was obtained. According to the graphs of FIGS. 24 to 26, in the region where the cross-sectional molar flow velocity of water (mol / (m 2 · s)) is high, the case with the foaming device is compared with the case without the foaming device. Thus, it has been found that the overall capacity coefficient K x a is 1.5 times or more.

（実施例２−３）
上記実施例２−２の実験結果を下式(1)に示すウェーバー数Ｗｅを用いて整理し直して、図２７に示されるように、縦軸を総括容量係数比Ｋｘａ(B)／Ｋｘａ(NB)［ここに、Ｋｘａ(B)：細泡化装置有りの総括容量係数、Ｋｘａ(NB)：細泡化装置無しの総括容量係数］、横軸をウェーバー係数Ｗeとするグラフを得た。 (Example 2-3)
The experimental results of Example 2-2 were rearranged using the Weber number We shown in the following formula (1), and as shown in FIG. 27, the vertical axis represents the overall capacity coefficient ratio K x a (B) / K x a (NB) [where K x a (B): overall capacity coefficient with a finer, K x a (NB): overall capacity without a finer], the horizontal axis is the Weber coefficient A graph of We was obtained.

同図２７より、ウェーバー数Ｗeが１０以上の領域で細泡化による溶解効率が高いことが判明した。従って、前記細泡化装置７においては、溶媒の流速、細孔３０ａ(３１ａ)の孔径は、ウェーバー数(Ｗｅ)が１０以上となるように設定するのが望ましい。但し、細孔からの炭酸ガスの流速は、同実験によれば、８×１０−２m/s以上であることを条件とする。 From FIG. 27, it was found that the dissolution efficiency due to fine foaming was high in the region where the Weber number We was 10 or more. Therefore, in the fine foaming device 7, the solvent flow rate and the pore diameter of the pores 30a (31a) are preferably set so that the Weber number (We) is 10 or more. However, according to the same experiment, the flow rate of carbon dioxide from the pores is 8 × 10 −2 m / s or more.

〔他の形態例〕
(1)上記形態例では海水及び／又は水などをそのまま溶媒として使用していたが、溶媒として地下水を揚水する若しくは他の事業で揚水された地下水の供給を受けるなどの場合、地下水の水温が高いことが予想される。このため、溶媒としてこのような地下水を使用する場合、海底部の比較的低温の海水と熱交換を行い、地下水の水温を低下させることが可能である。 [Other examples]
(1) In the above embodiment, seawater and / or water is used as a solvent as it is, but when the groundwater is pumped up as a solvent or the groundwater pumped by another project is supplied, the temperature of the groundwater is Expected to be high. For this reason, when using such groundwater as a solvent, it is possible to perform heat exchange with relatively low-temperature seawater at the bottom of the sea to lower the temperature of the groundwater.

１・１Ａ〜１Ｅ…地中貯留システム、２…炭酸ガス圧縮装置、３…溶媒圧送ポンプ、４…溶解槽、５…注入井、６…分離槽、７…細泡化装置、８…炭酸ガス圧送装置、１０…容器、１１…炭酸ガス注入口、１２…溶媒注入口、１３…吐出口、１４…多孔板、１５…メッシュ板、１６…充填材、１９…整流板、２０…容器、２１…流入管、２２…未溶解炭酸ガス吐出口、２３…炭酸ガス溶解水吐出口、３０…主流管路、３１…炭酸ガス供給管路、３０ａ・３１ａ…細孔、３２…分岐装置、４０・４０Ａ・４０Ｂ…炭酸ガス溶解装置、４１…炭酸ガス用パイプライン、４２…溶媒用パイプライン、４３…海上プラットフォーム   1. 1A to 1E: underground storage system, 2 ... carbon dioxide compression device, 3 ... solvent pump, 4 ... dissolution tank, 5 ... injection well, 6 ... separation tank, 7 ... fine foaming device, 8 ... carbon dioxide gas Pressure feeding device, 10 ... container, 11 ... carbon dioxide gas inlet, 12 ... solvent inlet, 13 ... outlet, 14 ... perforated plate, 15 ... mesh plate, 16 ... filler, 19 ... current plate, 20 ... container, 21 Inflow pipe, 22 ... Undissolved carbon dioxide gas outlet, 23 ... Carbon dioxide gas dissolved water outlet, 30 ... Mainstream pipe, 31 ... Carbon dioxide supply pipe, 30a, 31a ... Fine pore, 32 ... Branching device, 40 40A and 40B ... carbon dioxide gas dissolving device, 41 ... carbon dioxide pipeline, 42 ... solvent pipeline, 43 ... offshore platform

Claims (11)

炭酸ガスを溶媒に溶解させた状態で地中の帯水層に圧入し、貯留・隔離するための炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムであって、
炭酸ガスを液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮する炭酸ガス圧縮装置と、海水及び／又は水からなる溶媒を圧縮・搬送する圧送ポンプとを設け、
前記溶媒を所定の高流速で流した主流管路の内部に前記炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設するか、前記主流管路を外嵌する前記炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設し、前記溶媒と炭酸ガスとを仕切る管路壁面に細孔を形成し、前記主流管路を流れる溶媒のせん断力によって前記炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入させる高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置と、前記高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置の後段に設置され、密閉された容器の下部に、前記細泡化された炭酸ガスが混入された溶媒の注入口が形成されるとともに、前記容器の上部に前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させた炭酸ガス溶解水が吐出される吐出口が形成され、前記容器内に粒状の充填材が充填されて構成された１又は複数の溶解槽とを含む炭酸ガス溶解装置を設置し、
前記溶解槽から吐出された炭酸ガス溶解水を地中の帯水層に圧入するために地表面から前記帯水層まで貫通した注入井を設置して構成され、
前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプを前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置するとともに、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置を前記注入井の近傍に配置し、これら炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置とをそれぞれパイプラインで接続したことを特徴とする炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。 A carbon dioxide underground storage system for pressurizing, storing, and isolating carbon dioxide into a groundwater aquifer in a state of being dissolved in a solvent,
A carbon dioxide gas compression device that compresses carbon dioxide gas to a liquid or supercritical state, and a pressure feed pump that compresses and conveys a solvent composed of seawater and / or water,
The carbon dioxide gas supply line is disposed inside the main flow line through which the solvent flows at a predetermined high flow rate, or the carbon dioxide gas supply line that externally fits the main flow line is disposed, A high-pressure carbon dioxide gas refining device that forms pores in the wall surface of the pipe line that partitions the solvent and carbon dioxide gas, and mixes the carbon dioxide gas while making the carbon dioxide gas fine by the shearing force of the solvent flowing through the main flow line, and the high pressure An inlet for the solvent mixed with the carbon dioxide gas is formed in the lower part of the sealed container installed in the latter stage of the carbon dioxide gas bubbler for the use, and the solvent is formed in the upper part of the container. A carbon dioxide gas dissolving device including one or a plurality of dissolution tanks formed with a discharge port through which carbon dioxide dissolved water in which the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved is discharged, and filled with a granular filler in the container Install
It is constructed by installing an injection well penetrating from the ground surface to the aquifer in order to press-fit carbon dioxide dissolved water discharged from the dissolution tank into the underground aquifer,
The carbon dioxide compression device and the solvent pressure pump are disposed on land apart from the aquifer, and the carbon dioxide dissolution device is disposed in the vicinity of the injection well. The carbon dioxide compression device, the solvent pressure pump, and carbon dioxide A carbon dioxide underground storage system, characterized in that each melting apparatus is connected by a pipeline. 前記炭酸ガス溶解装置には、前記溶解槽から注入井に至る流路の途中に、送給された炭酸ガス溶解水の全量に対して、未溶解の炭酸ガスと、炭酸ガスが飽和濃度で溶解した状態の炭酸ガス溶解水とを分離する分離槽と、分離された前記未溶解炭酸ガスを前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置と溶解槽との中間流路に戻す炭酸ガス圧送装置とが含まれる請求項１記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。   In the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device, undissolved carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide dissolve at a saturated concentration with respect to the total amount of carbon dioxide dissolved water fed in the middle of the flow path from the dissolution tank to the injection well. 2. A separation tank for separating the carbon dioxide-dissolved water in a state in which the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved, and a carbon dioxide pressure feeding device for returning the separated undissolved carbon dioxide gas to an intermediate flow path between the carbon dioxide compression apparatus and the dissolution tank. The carbon dioxide underground storage system described. 炭酸ガスを溶媒に溶解させた状態で地中の帯水層に圧入し、貯留・隔離するための炭酸ガスの地中貯留システムであって、
炭酸ガスを液体又は超臨界状態まで圧縮する炭酸ガス圧縮装置と、海水及び／又は水からなる溶媒を圧縮・搬送する圧送ポンプとを設け、
密閉された容器の下部に、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置から送られた炭酸ガスが注入される炭酸ガス注入口と、前記溶媒圧送ポンプから送られた溶媒が注入される溶媒注入口とが形成されるとともに、前記容器の上部に前記溶媒に前記炭酸ガスを溶解させた炭酸ガス溶解水が吐出される吐出口が形成され、前記容器内に粒状の充填材が充填されて構成された１又は複数の溶解槽と、前記溶解槽の後段に設置され、送給された炭酸ガス溶解水の全量に対して、未溶解の炭酸ガスと炭酸ガスが飽和濃度で溶解した状態の炭酸ガス溶解水とを分離する分離槽と、該分離槽で分離された炭酸ガスを圧送する炭酸ガス圧送装置と、この炭酸ガス圧送装置の後段に、前記炭酸ガス溶解水を所定の高流速で流した主流管路の内部に、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置から圧送された炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設するか、前記主流管路を外嵌するように前記炭酸ガス圧送装置から圧送された炭酸ガスの供給管路を配設し、前記炭酸ガス溶解水と炭酸ガスとを仕切る管路壁面に細孔を形成し、前記主流管路を流れる炭酸ガス溶解水によるせん断力によって前記炭酸ガスを細泡化しながら混入させる高圧用炭酸ガス細泡化装置とを含む炭酸ガス溶解装置を設置し、
生成された炭酸ガス溶解水を地中の帯水層に圧入するために地表面から前記帯水層まで貫通した注入井を設置して構成され、
前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプを前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置するとともに、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置を前記注入井の近傍に配置し、これら炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置とをそれぞれパイプラインで接続したことを特徴とする炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。 A carbon dioxide underground storage system for pressurizing, storing, and isolating carbon dioxide into a groundwater aquifer in a state of being dissolved in a solvent,
A carbon dioxide gas compression device that compresses carbon dioxide gas to a liquid or supercritical state, and a pressure feed pump that compresses and conveys a solvent composed of seawater and / or water,
A carbon dioxide gas inlet for injecting carbon dioxide gas sent from the carbon dioxide gas compressor and a solvent inlet for injecting a solvent sent from the solvent pressure pump are formed at the bottom of the sealed container. In addition, one or a plurality of discharge ports for discharging carbon dioxide-dissolved water in which the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the solvent are formed in the upper part of the container, and the container is filled with a granular filler. Separating the dissolution tank and the carbon dioxide dissolved water in a state where the dissolved carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide are dissolved at a saturated concentration with respect to the total amount of the carbon dioxide dissolved water installed and fed after the dissolution tank A separation tank, a carbon dioxide pumping apparatus for pumping the carbon dioxide separated in the separation tank, and an inside of a main flow line in which the carbon dioxide-dissolved water is flowed at a predetermined high flow rate after the carbon dioxide pump. In addition, pumping from the carbon dioxide pump A carbon dioxide gas supply line, or a carbon dioxide gas supply line pumped from the carbon dioxide gas pressure device so as to fit the mainstream pipe line, Including a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas refining device that forms pores on a wall surface of a pipe partitioning carbon dioxide gas and mixes the carbon dioxide gas while making the carbon dioxide gas fine by a shearing force generated by carbon dioxide-dissolved water flowing in the mainstream pipe Install a carbon dioxide dissolving device,
In order to inject the generated carbon dioxide-dissolved water into the underground aquifer, it is configured by installing an injection well penetrating from the ground surface to the aquifer,
The carbon dioxide compression device and the solvent pressure pump are disposed on land apart from the aquifer, and the carbon dioxide dissolution device is disposed in the vicinity of the injection well. The carbon dioxide compression device, the solvent pressure pump, and carbon dioxide A carbon dioxide underground storage system, characterized in that each melting apparatus is connected by a pipeline. 前記炭酸ガス圧送装置と前記供給管路との間に、前記炭酸ガス圧送装置から圧送された炭酸ガスを分岐する分岐装置が配置されるとともに、前記分岐装置にて前記炭酸ガスのうち前記細泡化装置から前記帯水層までの経路で溶解可能な量を分岐して前記供給管路に圧送し、前記炭酸ガスのうち残りの量を前記溶解槽に戻すようにしてある請求項３記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。   A branching device for branching the carbon dioxide pumped from the carbon dioxide pumping device is disposed between the carbon dioxide pumping device and the supply pipe line, and the fine bubbles of the carbon dioxide gas in the branching device are arranged. The amount which can be melt | dissolved by the path | route from a gasification apparatus to the aquifer is branched and pumped to the supply pipe line, and the remaining amount of the carbon dioxide gas is returned to the dissolution tank. Carbon dioxide underground storage system. 前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置された溶媒圧送ポンプは低圧用とされ、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置近傍の前段に高圧用の増圧ポンプを配置した請求項１〜４いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。   5. The carbonic acid pump according to claim 1, wherein a solvent pressure pump disposed on land far from the aquifer is for low pressure, and a high pressure pressure increasing pump is disposed in a front stage near the carbon dioxide dissolving device. Gas underground storage system. 前記溶媒圧送ポンプを前記帯水層から離れた陸上に配置することに代えて、前記炭酸ガス溶解装置の近傍に設置し、前記炭酸ガス圧縮装置及び溶媒圧送ポンプと炭酸ガス溶解装置とをそれぞれパイプラインで接続した請求項１〜４いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。   Instead of placing the solvent pressure pump on land far from the aquifer, the solvent pressure pump is installed in the vicinity of the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device, and the carbon dioxide gas compression device, the solvent pressure pump, and the carbon dioxide gas dissolving device are piped respectively. The underground storage system of the carbon dioxide gas in any one of Claims 1-4 connected with the line. 前記帯水層が海底面下の地層に位置する場合において、前記帯水層近傍の海洋上に海上プラットフォームを構築し、この海上プラットフォームに少なくとも前記炭酸ガス溶解装置を配置してある請求項１〜６いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。   In the case where the aquifer is located in a formation below the seabed, an offshore platform is constructed on the ocean near the aquifer, and at least the carbon dioxide dissolving device is disposed on the offshore platform. 6. The underground storage system for carbon dioxide gas according to any one of 6 above. 下式(1)によって求められるウェーバー数(Ｗｅ)が１０以上となるように、前記溶媒の流速、前記細孔の孔径が設定されている請求項１〜７いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。
Figure 2010201330
 The carbon dioxide gas ground according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the flow rate of the solvent and the pore diameter of the pores are set so that the Weber number (We) obtained by the following formula (1) is 10 or more. Medium storage system.
Figure 2010201330
 前記粒状の充填材として、砂、砕石、ラシヒリング、サドルの内のいずれか又は組み合わせとする請求項１〜８いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。   The carbon dioxide underground storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the granular filler is any one or a combination of sand, crushed stone, Raschig ring, and saddle. 前記粒状の充填材は、充填材の種類ごとに、炭酸ガス及び溶媒の流量及び前記溶解槽の形状に基づいて定められる炭酸ガス溶解量と前記溶解槽における圧力損失とから決定される最適な平均粒径とする請求項１〜９いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。   The granular filler is an optimum average determined from the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved based on the flow rate of carbon dioxide and solvent and the shape of the dissolution tank and the pressure loss in the dissolution tank for each type of filler. The carbon dioxide underground storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the particle size is a particle size. 前記溶解槽において、前記充填材の充填領域内に、流路を仕切るように多数の開孔が形成された整流板が１又は複数設けられている請求項１〜１０いずれかに記載の炭酸ガスの地中貯留システム。   The carbon dioxide gas according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein in the dissolution tank, one or a plurality of rectifying plates in which a large number of openings are formed so as to partition the flow path are provided in the filling region of the filler. Underground storage system.
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