JP2010178748A - Method for treating oil and fat-containing substance - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、微生物を用いた油脂含有物質の処理方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for treating oil-containing substances using microorganisms.
油脂分を含む廃水は、工業的には、加圧浮上装置，自然浮上装置（オイルピット）あるいは油分分離槽（グリーストラップ）などの処理設備で処理されている。 Industrially, wastewater containing fats and oils is treated by treatment facilities such as a pressurized levitation device, a natural levitation device (oil pit), or an oil separation tank (grease trap).
これらの処理設備では、油脂の蓄積により機能の低下や、排水管の閉塞、腐敗による悪臭の発生、蓄積油脂の除去、あるいは油脂分の流出などが問題となっていた。 In these treatment facilities, there have been problems such as deterioration of function due to accumulation of oil and fat, blockage of drain pipes, generation of bad odor due to decay, removal of accumulated oil and fat, or outflow of oil and fat.
そこで、油脂分解性を有する微生物を用いることにより油脂の蓄積を抑制することが検討されており、既に数種類の微生物が報告されている。例えば、特許文献１には、Ａｃｉｎｅｔｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｓｐ．ｓｔｒａｉｎ ＳＯＤ−１が記載されており、また、特許文献２には、バークホルデリア セパシア ＴＰＩ２１が記載されている。 Therefore, it has been studied to suppress the accumulation of fats and oils by using microorganisms having oil and fat degradability, and several types of microorganisms have already been reported. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses Acinetobacter sp. strain SOD-1 is described, and Patent Literature 2 describes Burkholderia Sepiacia TPI21.
しかしながら、これらの微生物では、窒素あるいはリンを多く含む環境下でなければ高い油脂分解率を得ることができず、また、グリーストラップの平均水温である２０℃から２５℃という低温においては油脂分解率が低下してしまうなどの問題があり、更なる改善が求められていた。 However, in these microorganisms, a high oil decomposition rate cannot be obtained unless the environment contains a large amount of nitrogen or phosphorus, and at a low temperature of 20 ° C. to 25 ° C., which is the average water temperature of the grease trap, There has been a problem such as lowering, and further improvement has been demanded.
本発明は、このような問題に基づきなされたものであり、油脂分解効果の高い微生物を用いた油脂含有物質の処理方法を提供することを目的とする。 This invention is made | formed based on such a problem, and it aims at providing the processing method of the fat-and-oil containing substance using the microorganisms with a high fat-and-oil decomposition effect.
本発明の油脂含有物質の処理方法は、受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−２１１２１で表されるロドトルラ パシフィカ（Ｒｈｏｄｏｔｏｒｕｌａ ｐａｃｉｆｉｃａ）により、油脂を分解させるものである。 The method for treating a fat-and-fat-containing substance of the present invention is to decompose fats and oils with Rhodotorula pacifica represented by the deposit number FERM P-21121.
本発明の油脂含有物質の処理方法によれば、受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−２１１２１で表されるロドトルラ パシフィカ（Ｒｈｏｄｏｔｏｒｕｌａ ｐａｃｉｆｉｃａ）を用いるようにしたので、窒素およびリンの含有量が低くても、各種油脂について高い油脂分解率を得ることができると共に、３０℃以下の低い温度でも、高い油脂分解効果を得ることができる。よって、窒素あるいはリンなどを多量に添加しなくても、また、加熱しなくても各種油脂について高い油脂分解率を得ることができる。従って、処理に必要な費用を低減することができると共に、処理時の管理も簡素化することができる。 According to the method for treating oil-containing materials of the present invention, Rhodotorula pacifica represented by the accession number FERM P-21121 is used. A high fat / oil decomposition rate can be obtained, and a high fat / oil decomposition effect can be obtained even at a low temperature of 30 ° C. or lower. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high fat and oil decomposition rate for various fats and oils without adding a large amount of nitrogen or phosphorus or heating them. Therefore, the cost required for processing can be reduced, and management during processing can be simplified.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明の一実施の形態に係る混合微生物は、担子菌系アナモルフ酵母のロドトルラ パシフィカ（Ｒｈｏｄｏｔｏｒｕｌａ ｐａｃｉｆｉｃａ）と、担子菌系アナモルフ酵母のクリプトコッカス ローレンティ（Ｃｒｙｐｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｌａｕｒｅｎｔｉｉ）とを含んでいる。これらは、各々油脂分解能力を有しているが、共に存在することにより、より高い油脂分解能力が発揮されるようになっている。なお、これらの他に他の微生物を含んでいてもよい。 The mixed microorganism according to one embodiment of the present invention includes Rhodotorula pacifica, a basidiomycete anamorph yeast, and Cryptococcus laurentii, a basidiomycete anamorph yeast. Each of these has an ability to decompose fats and oils, and when present together, higher ability to decompose fats and oils is exhibited. In addition to these, other microorganisms may be included.
ロドトルラ パシフィカ（Ｒｈｏｄｏｔｏｒｕｌａ ｐａｃｉｆｉｃａ）のコロニーは周縁部が全縁であり、色調はピンクからオレンジ色を呈する。栄養細胞は長楕円形であり、増殖は多極出芽による。生理性状試験の結果は、例えば、表１に示した通りである。表１において「＋」は反応が陽性、「−」は反応が陰性、「Ｗ」は弱い陽性反応、「Ｓ」は試験開始後に２週間から３週間以上かけて徐々に陽性反応が認められたことを、「Ｌ」は試験開始２週間以降に急速に陽性反応が認められたことを示す。試験方法はＢａｒｎｅｔｔ ｅｔ ａｌ．（２０００）およびＫｕｒｔｚｍａｎ ａｎｄ Ｆｅｌｌ（１９９８）に準拠した。 Rhodotorula pacifica colonies have a full edge at the periphery and a pink to orange color. Vegetative cells are oblong and proliferation is by multipolar budding. The results of the physiological property test are as shown in Table 1, for example. In Table 1, “+” indicates a positive reaction, “−” indicates a negative reaction, “W” indicates a weak positive reaction, and “S” indicates a gradual positive reaction over 2 to 3 weeks after the start of the test. "L" indicates that a positive reaction was rapidly observed after 2 weeks from the start of the test. The test method is described in Barnett et al. (2000) and Kurtzman and Fell (1998).
ロドトルラ パシフィカ（Ｒｈｏｄｏｔｏｒｕｌａ ｐａｃｉｆｉｃａ）の菌株としては、例えば、独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所特許生物寄託センターに平成１８年１２月１日に受領された受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−２１１２１（受領番号ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２１）で示されるものが挙げられる。受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−２１１２１（受領番号ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２１）菌株の２８ＳｒＤＮＡ−Ｄ１／Ｄ２領域における塩基配列は配列表の配列番号１に示した通りである。 As a strain of Rhodotorula pacifica, for example, accession number FERM P-21121 (reception number FERM AP-21121) received on December 1, 2006 by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). ). The nucleotide sequence in the 28S rDNA-D1 / D2 region of the accession number FERM P-21121 (accession number FERM AP-21121) strain is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing.
クリプトコッカス ローレンティ（Ｃｒｙｐｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｌａｕｒｅｎｔｉｉ）のコロニーは周縁部が全縁であり、色調はクリーム色から白色を呈する。栄養細胞は球形であり、増殖は多極出芽による。生理性状試験の結果は、例えば、表２に示した通りである。表２における「＋」、「−」、「Ｗ」、「Ｓ」、「Ｌ」の表記、および試験方法は表１と同様である。 Cryptococcus laurentii colonies have a full edge at the periphery, and the color tone is cream to white. Vegetative cells are spherical and proliferation is by multipolar budding. The results of the physiological property test are as shown in Table 2, for example. In Table 2, “+”, “−”, “W”, “S”, “L”, and test methods are the same as those in Table 1.
クリプトコッカス ローレンティ（Ｃｒｙｐｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｌａｕｒｅｎｔｉｉ）の菌株としては、例えば、独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所特許生物寄託センターに平成１８年１２月１日に受領された受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−２１１２２（受領番号ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２２）で示されるものが挙げられる。受託番号ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−２１１２２（受領番号ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２２）菌株の２８ＳｒＤＮＡ−Ｄ１／Ｄ２領域における塩基配列は配列表の配列番号２に示したとおりである。 As a strain of Cryptococcus laurentii, for example, accession number FERM P-21212 (reception number FERM AP-) received on December 1, 2006 by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 21122). The nucleotide sequence in the 28S rDNA-D1 / D2 region of the accession number FERM P-21212 (accession number FERM AP-21122) strain is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 in the sequence listing.
本発明の一実施の形態に係る製剤は、上述した混合微生物を例えば担体に固定化して含んでいる。製剤化する方法としては、具体的には、１９９３年培風館発行、村尾澤夫氏他１名編「応用微生物学改訂版」、１９９５年丸善発行、上島孝之著、「産業用酵素」または１９９３年講談社発行、微生物研究法懇談会編、「微生物学実験法」などに記載されている方法を用いることができる。 The preparation according to one embodiment of the present invention contains the above-mentioned mixed microorganisms immobilized on, for example, a carrier. As a method of formulating, specifically, published by Bakufukan in 1993, Sawao Murao et al., “Applied Microbiology Revised Edition”, published by Maruzen in 1995, Takayuki Uejima, “Industrial Enzyme” or Kodansha in 1993 The methods described in the publication, the Microbial Research Method Roundtable, “Microbiology Experimental Method”, etc. can be used.
例えば、液状製剤とする場合であれば下記の方法が挙げられる。
（１）肉汁培地などの一般栄養培地で上述した混合微生物を１２時間から３６時間程度培養し、必要に応じてこれにｐＨ調整剤などを加えて製剤とする。
（２）上記（１）の培養物から菌体を遠心分離などで回収し、生理食塩水などの媒体に適当な濃度となるように懸濁し、必要に応じてこれにｐＨ調整剤などを加えて製剤とする。
（３）上記（１）の培養物を凍結乾燥などにより適度に濃縮し、必要に応じてこれにｐＨ調整剤などを加えて製剤とする。
（４）上記（１）の培養物から菌体を遠心分離などで回収し、新鮮な肉汁培地などの培地に懸濁し、必要に応じてこれにｐＨ調整剤などを加えて製剤とする。
（５）上記（４）をさらに凍結乾燥などにより適度に濃縮して製剤とする。
For example, in the case of a liquid preparation, the following method can be mentioned.
(1) The mixed microorganisms described above are cultured in a general nutrient medium such as a broth medium for about 12 to 36 hours, and if necessary, a pH adjuster or the like is added to prepare a preparation.
(2) The bacterial cells are collected from the culture of (1) above by centrifugation, suspended in a medium such as physiological saline, etc., and added with a pH adjuster or the like as necessary. To make a preparation.
(3) The culture of (1) above is moderately concentrated by freeze-drying or the like, and if necessary, a pH adjuster or the like is added to prepare a preparation.
(4) The cells are collected from the culture of (1) by centrifugation or the like, suspended in a fresh medium such as a gravy medium, and a pH adjuster or the like is added thereto as necessary to prepare a preparation.
(5) The above (4) is further concentrated to a preparation by lyophilization or the like.
粉末製剤とする場合であれば下記の方法が挙げられる。
（ａ）肉汁培地などの一般栄養培地で上述した混合微生物を１２時間から３６時間程度培養し、必要に応じてこれにｐＨ調整剤などを加え、凍結乾燥などにより乾燥し製剤とする。
（ｂ）上記（ａ）の培養物から菌体を遠心分離などで回収し、生理食塩水あるいはスキムミルクとグルタミン酸ナトリウムなどからなる溶液などの媒体に適当な濃度なるように懸濁し、必要に応じてこれにｐＨ調整剤などを加え、凍結乾燥などにより乾燥し製剤とする。
（ｃ）上記（ａ）の培養物から菌体を遠心分離などで回収し、新鮮な肉汁培地などの培地に懸濁し、必要に応じてこれにｐＨ調整剤などを加え、凍結乾燥などにより乾燥し製剤とする。
（ｄ）上記（ａ）から（ｃ）のものに、繊維くず、おがくずなどの微粉体を適度に加えて製剤とする。
（ｅ）上記（ａ）から（ｄ）と同様にして調製した菌体懸濁液をプリム顆粒、マルム顆粒、フィルムコーティングしたマルム顆粒、セルロース繊維配合のＴ顆粒などの顆粒状とし製剤とする。
In the case of a powder formulation, the following methods are exemplified.
(A) The mixed microorganisms described above are cultured in a general nutrient medium such as a broth medium for about 12 to 36 hours, and if necessary, a pH adjuster or the like is added thereto and dried by lyophilization to obtain a preparation.
(B) The cells are collected from the culture of (a) by centrifugation, etc., suspended in a medium such as physiological saline or a solution comprising skim milk and sodium glutamate, and the like, if necessary. A pH adjuster or the like is added to this and dried by lyophilization to obtain a preparation.
(C) The cells are collected from the culture of (a) by centrifugation, suspended in a fresh medium such as a gravy medium, added with a pH adjusting agent if necessary, and dried by lyophilization or the like. This is a preparation.
(D) To the above (a) to (c), fine powders such as fiber waste and sawdust are appropriately added to prepare a preparation.
(E) The cell suspension prepared in the same manner as in (a) to (d) above is made into granules such as prim granules, malm granules, film-coated malm granules, and T granules containing cellulose fibers.
また、上述した方法以外にも、担体結合法、架橋法、包括法、複合法などの公知技術により、混合微生物を種々の固定化用材料を用いて固定化してもよい。さらに、他の公知の錠剤化技術により錠剤化するようにしてもよい。 In addition to the above-described methods, the mixed microorganisms may be immobilized using various immobilization materials by known techniques such as a carrier binding method, a crosslinking method, a comprehensive method, and a composite method. Furthermore, you may make it tablet by another well-known tableting technique.
本発明の一実施の形態に係る油脂含有物質の処理方法は、上述した混合微生物により油脂を分解させるものである。具体的には、工場あるいは外食店などから排出される廃水などの油脂含有物質に上述した混合微生物を含む製剤を添加して、混合微生物により油脂を分解させる。なお、油脂というのは、主として動植物由来のものであるが、必ずしもそれに限定するものではなく、合成法により得られた油脂類やその誘導体およびその他の種々の炭化水素等を含むものである。 The processing method of the fat-and-oil containing substance which concerns on one embodiment of this invention decomposes | disassembles fats and oils with the mixed microorganism mentioned above. Specifically, a preparation containing the above-mentioned mixed microorganisms is added to an oil-and-fat-containing substance such as waste water discharged from a factory or a restaurant, and the fats and oils are decomposed by the mixed microorganisms. The fats and oils are mainly derived from animals and plants, but are not necessarily limited thereto, and include fats and oils obtained by a synthesis method, derivatives thereof, and other various hydrocarbons.
油脂含有物質を処理する際には、必要に応じて温度、ｐＨ、または混合微生物の添加量などを調節することが好ましい。例えば、温度は１５℃から３５℃、さらには２０℃から３０℃においてより高い分解率を得ることができるので好ましい。ｐＨは６．５から８．５、さらには７．５から８においてより高い分解率を得ることができるので好ましい。また、微生物の高い活性を維持するためにエアレーションなどを用いて油脂含有物質に空気を吹き込むようにしてもよい。 When processing the oil-containing material, it is preferable to adjust the temperature, pH, or the amount of mixed microorganisms added as necessary. For example, the temperature is preferably 15 ° C. to 35 ° C., more preferably 20 ° C. to 30 ° C., because a higher decomposition rate can be obtained. The pH is preferably 6.5 to 8.5, and more preferably 7.5 to 8, since a higher decomposition rate can be obtained. Moreover, in order to maintain the high activity of microorganisms, you may make it blow air in fats and oils containing material using aeration etc.
さらに、実施例に基づいて具体的に説明する。 Furthermore, it demonstrates concretely based on an Example.
（実施例１）
微生物の混合による効果を調べた。まず、表３に示した無機酵母エキス培地に混合油脂（サラダ油／ラード／牛脂＝１：１：１）を４００００質量ｐｐｍ添加したものを試験管に５ｍｌ採取した。次いで、これにロドトルラ パシフィカ ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２１菌株を１体積％接種し、２０℃、１７０ストークス／分で４８時間にわたって往復振とう培養を行い、ロドトルラ パシフィカ前培養液とした。また、同様の無機酵母エキス培地に混合油脂を添加したものを試験管に５ｍｌ採取し、これにクリプトコッカス ローレンティ ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２２菌株を１体積％接種し、２０℃、１７０ストークス／分で４８時間にわたって往復振とう培養を行い、クリプトコッカス ローレンティ前培養液とした。
Example 1
The effect of mixing microorganisms was investigated. First, 5 ml of a sample tube containing 40000 mass ppm of mixed fat (salad oil / lard / beef tallow = 1: 1: 1) added to the inorganic yeast extract medium shown in Table 3 was collected. This was then inoculated with 1% by volume of Rhodotorula Pacifica FERM AP-21121 strain and reciprocally shaken at 20 ° C. and 170 Stokes / min for 48 hours to prepare a Rhodotorula Pacifica preculture. In addition, 5 ml of the same inorganic yeast extract medium to which mixed fats and oils are added is collected in a test tube, and 1% by volume of Cryptococcus lorenti FERM AP-21122 strain is inoculated therein, and 20 hours at 170 ° C./min for 48 hours. The culture was reciprocally shaken over a period of time to obtain a Cryptococcus lorenti preculture medium.
続いて、表３に示した無機酵母エキス培地に混合油脂（サラダ油／ラード／牛脂＝１：１：１）を３０００質量ｐｐｍ添加したものをフラスコに１００ｍｌ採取した。そののち、これにロドトルラ パシフィカ前培養液と、クリプトコッカス ローレンティ前培養液とを各０．５体積％ずつ接種し、２０℃、１３０回転／分で２４時間にわたって旋回振とう培養を行い、油脂を分解させた。次いで、オートクレーブ処理をした後、ＪＩＳ公定法（ＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２）に基づき油脂分解率を求めた。なお、油脂分解率は微生物を接種しない対照実験に基づき算出した。その結果を表４に示す。 Subsequently, 100 ml of a sample obtained by adding 3000 mass ppm of mixed fat (salad oil / lard / beef tallow = 1: 1: 1) to the inorganic yeast extract medium shown in Table 3 was collected in a flask. After that, inoculate 0.5% by volume each of Rhodotorula Pacifica preculture and Cryptococcus lorenti preculture, and cultivate by shaking at 20 ° C and 130 rpm for 24 hours. Decomposed. Next, after autoclaving, the oil and fat decomposition rate was determined based on the JIS official method (JIS K0102). The oil / fat decomposition rate was calculated based on a control experiment in which no microorganism was inoculated. The results are shown in Table 4.
また、実施例１に対する実施例１−１または実施例１−２として、ロドトルラ パシフィカ前培養液のみ、または、クリプトコッカス ローレンティ前培養液のみを１体積％接種したことを除き、他は実施例１と同様にして油脂分解率を求めた。さらに、比較例１−３として土壌より採取した未分析の微生物を培養して前培養液を調製し、この前培養液を１体積％接種したことを除き、他は実施例１と同様にして油脂分解率を求めた。加えて、実施例１−４または実施例１−５として、比較例１−３で調製した未分析微生物の前培養液と、ロドトルラ パシフィカ前培養液またはクリプトコッカス ローレンティ前培養液とを各０．５体積％ずつ接種したことを除き、他は実施例１と同様にして油脂分解率を求めた。 In addition, as Example 1-1 or Example 1-2 with respect to Example 1, except that 1% by volume of Rhodotorula Pacifica preculture solution alone or Cryptococcus lorenti preculture solution alone was inoculated, Example 1 In the same manner as above, the oil and fat decomposition rate was determined. Further, as Comparative Example 1-3, an unanalyzed microorganism collected from the soil was cultured to prepare a preculture, and the same as in Example 1 except that 1% by volume of this preculture was inoculated. The oil degradation rate was determined. In addition, as Example 1-4 or Example 1-5, the pre-culture solution of the unanalyzed microorganism prepared in Comparative Example 1-3, the Rhodotorula Pacifica pre-culture solution, or the Cryptococcus lorenti pre-culture solution were each set to 0. The oil and fat decomposition rate was determined in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 5% by volume was inoculated.
また、比較例１−６，１−７として、特許文献１に記載されているＡｃｉｎｅｔｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｓｐ．ｓｔｒａｉｎ ＳＯＤ−１菌株、または、Ａｃｉｎｅｔｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｓｐ．ｓｔｒａｉｎ ＣＬ３菌株をそれぞれ培養して前培養液を調製し、この前培養液を１体積％接種したことを除き、他は実施例１と同様にして油脂分解率を求めた。これらの結果も表４に合わせて示す。 In addition, as Comparative Examples 1-6 and 1-7, Acinetobacter sp. strain SOD-1 strain or Acinetobacter sp. Each strain of strain CL3 was cultured to prepare a preculture, and the oil and fat degradation rate was determined in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1 volume% of the preculture was inoculated. These results are also shown in Table 4.
表４に示したように、ロドトルラ パシフィカ ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２１菌株とクリプトコッカス ローレンティ ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２２菌株とを共に含む実施例１によれば、いずれか一方のみを用いた実施例１−１または実施例１−２よりも油脂分解率が大幅に向上した。これに対して、ロドトルラ パシフィカ ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２１菌株またはクリプトコッカス ローレンティ ＦＥＲＭ ＡＰ−２１１２２菌株と、他の微生物とを混合した実施例１−４または実施例１−５では、混合しても油脂分解率の大幅な向上は見られなかった。また、実施例１によれば、従来の微生物を用いた比較例１−６，１−７に比べて約７倍もの油脂分解率が得られた。 As shown in Table 4, according to Example 1 including both Rhodotorula Pacifica FERM AP-21121 strain and Cryptococcus lorenti FERM AP-21122 strain, Example 1-1 or Example using only one of them The oil and fat decomposition rate was significantly improved compared to 1-2. In contrast, in Example 1-4 or Example 1-5 in which Rhodotorula Pacifica FERM AP-21121 strain or Cryptococcus lorenti FERM AP-21122 strain was mixed with other microorganisms, the oil degradation rate even when mixed There was no significant improvement. Moreover, according to Example 1, the fat-and-oil decomposition rate of about 7 times was obtained compared with the comparative examples 1-6 and 1-7 using the conventional microorganisms.
すなわち、ロドトルラ パシフィカとクリプトコッカス ローレンティとを共に含む混合微生物を用いるようにすれば、窒素およびリンの含有量が低くても、高い油脂分解率を得ることができることがわかった。 That is, it was found that if a mixed microorganism containing both Rhodotorula Pacifica and Cryptococcus lorenti was used, a high oil and fat degradation rate could be obtained even if the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus were low.
(実施例２−１〜２−５)
油脂の種類と油脂分解率との関係を調べた。分解させる油脂には、実施例２−１ではサラダ油と牛脂とラードとの混合油脂を用い、実施例２−２ではサラダ油を用い、実施例２−３ではラードを用い、実施例２−４では牛脂を用い、実施例２−５では下水オイルボールを用いた。他は実施例１と同様にして混合微生物を用い油脂分解率を求めた。それらの結果を表５に示す。
(Examples 2-1 to 2-5)
The relationship between the type of fats and oils and the oil degradation rate was investigated. For the fats and oils to be decomposed, in Example 2-1, a mixed fat / oil of salad oil, beef tallow and lard is used, in Example 2-2, salad oil is used, in Example 2-3, lard is used, and in Example 2-4, Beef tallow was used, and a sewage oil ball was used in Example 2-5. The others were the same as in Example 1 and the oil decomposition rate was determined using the mixed microorganism. The results are shown in Table 5.
表５に示したように、いずれの油脂についても良好な油脂分解率が得られた。すなわち、本実施例の混合微生物は、種々の油脂含有物質について広く用いることができることがわかった。 As shown in Table 5, good fat and oil decomposition rates were obtained for all fats and oils. That is, it was found that the mixed microorganism of this example can be widely used for various oil-containing substances.
(実施例３−１〜３−７)
油脂分解時の温度と油脂分解率との関係を調べた。油脂分解時の温度は、実施例３−１から実施例３−７で１０℃から４０℃まで５℃ずつ変化させた。他は実施例１と同様にして混合微生物を用い油脂分解率を求めた。それらの結果を表６および図１に示す。なお、表６および図１に示した油脂分解率は、２０℃における油脂分解率を１００とした場合の相対値で表している。
(Examples 3-1 to 3-7)
The relationship between the temperature during oil decomposition and the oil decomposition rate was investigated. The temperature at the time of oil and fat decomposition was changed by 5 ° C. from 10 ° C. to 40 ° C. in Example 3-1 to Example 3-7. The others were the same as in Example 1 and the oil decomposition rate was determined using the mixed microorganism. The results are shown in Table 6 and FIG. In addition, the fat and oil decomposition rate shown in Table 6 and FIG.
表６および図１に示したように、１５℃から３５℃の範囲、さらには２０℃から３０℃の範囲においてより高い油脂分解率が得られた。廃水の温度は通常この範囲であることが多いので、温度調節をしなくても油脂含有物質を処理することができ、好ましいことがわかった。 As shown in Table 6 and FIG. 1, a higher oil and fat decomposition rate was obtained in the range of 15 ° C. to 35 ° C., and further in the range of 20 ° C. to 30 ° C. Since the temperature of wastewater is usually in this range in many cases, it has been found that the oil-containing material can be treated without adjusting the temperature, which is preferable.
(実施例４−１〜４−７)
油脂分解初期のｐＨと油脂分解率との関係を調べた。油脂分解初期のｐＨは、実施例４−１から実施例４−７でｐＨ４．０からｐＨ１０の範囲で変化させた。他は実施例１と同様にして混合微生物を用い油脂分解率を求めた。それらの結果を表７および図２に示す。なお、表７および図２に示した油脂分解率は、ｐＨ８．０における油脂分解率を１００とした場合の相対値で表している。
(Examples 4-1 to 4-7)
The relationship between the pH at the initial stage of fat degradation and the rate of fat degradation was investigated. The pH at the initial stage of fat / oil decomposition was changed in the range of pH 4.0 to
表７および図２に示したように、ｐＨは６．５から８．５、さらには７．５から８においてより高い油脂分解率を得ることができ、好ましいことがわかった。 As shown in Table 7 and FIG. 2, it was found that a higher oil decomposition rate can be obtained at a pH of 6.5 to 8.5, and further 7.5 to 8, which is preferable.
(実施例５)
油脂を連続的に添加した場合の油脂分解率を調べた。まず、１０Ｌ水槽に、表３に示した無機酵母エキス培地にサラダ油を１０００質量ｐｐｍ添加したものを８Ｌ入れ、実施例１と同様にして調製したロドトルラ パシフィカとクリプトコッカス ローレンティとの混合培養液を１００ｍｌ接種し油脂を分解させた。油脂分解時の温度は２０℃、初期ｐＨ７とし、エアレーションにより約５Ｌ／分の空気を吹き込みながら行った。処理開始後に処理液を１００ｍｌ採取し、オートクレーブ処理を行った後、ＪＩＳ公定法（ＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２）に基づき油脂量を求めた。次いで、２４時間後に処理液を１００ｍｌ採取し、同様にして油脂量を求めると共に、サラダ油を１０００質量ｐｐｍ添加し、同様にして油脂量を求めた。以降、２４時間または４８時間ごとに油脂量の測定とサラダ油の添加を繰り返した。得られた結果を図３に示す。
(Example 5)
The fat and oil decomposition rate when fats and oils were continuously added was examined. First, 8 L of 1000 mass ppm of salad oil added to the inorganic yeast extract medium shown in Table 3 was put in a 10 L water tank, and 100 ml of a mixed culture solution of Rhodotorula Pacifica and Cryptococcus lorenti prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 was added. Inoculated to break down fats and oils. The oil and fat decomposition temperature was 20 ° C. and the initial pH was 7, and it was carried out while blowing air of about 5 L / min by aeration. After starting the treatment, 100 ml of the treatment liquid was collected and subjected to autoclave treatment, and then the amount of fats and oils was determined based on the JIS official method (JIS K0102). Next, 100 ml of the treatment liquid was collected after 24 hours, and the amount of fats and oils was determined in the same manner, and 1000 mass ppm of salad oil was added, and the amount of fats and oils was determined in the same manner. Thereafter, the measurement of the amount of fat and oil and the addition of salad oil were repeated every 24 hours or 48 hours. The obtained results are shown in FIG.
図３に示したように、油脂を添加した直後は油脂量が多くなるものの、混合微生物の働きにより時間の経過と共に油脂量は十分に低下し、油脂を何回添加しても同様の結果が得られた。すなわち、油脂を連続して添加しても良好な油脂分解能力を得られることがわかった。 As shown in FIG. 3, although the amount of fat increases immediately after adding the fat, the amount of fat decreases sufficiently with the passage of time due to the action of the mixed microorganisms, and the same result is obtained no matter how many times the fat is added. Obtained. That is, it has been found that even when fats and oils are continuously added, a good ability to decompose fats and oils can be obtained.
以上、実施例の結果より、ロドトルラ パシフィカ（Ｒｈｏｄｏｔｏｒｕｌａ ｐａｃｉｆｉｃａ）と、クリプトコッカス ローレンティ（Ｃｒｙｐｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｌａｕｒｅｎｔｉｉ）とを含む混合微生物を用いるようにすれば、窒素およびリンの含有量が低くても、各種油脂について高い油脂分解率を得ることができると共に、グリーストラップの平均水温である２０℃から２５℃という低い温度でも、高い油脂分解率を得ることができ、好ましいことがわかった。 As described above, from the results of the examples, if a mixed microorganism containing Rhodotorula pacifica and Cryptococcus laurenti is used, it is high for various fats and oils even if the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus are low. It was found that the oil and fat decomposition rate can be obtained, and a high oil and fat decomposition rate can be obtained even at a low temperature of 20 ° C. to 25 ° C., which is the average water temperature of the grease trap.
工場あるいは外食店などから排出される廃水などの油脂含有物質の処理に用いることができる。 It can be used for the treatment of fat and oil-containing substances such as waste water discharged from factories or restaurants.
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