JP2010155276A - Method for welding high chromium ferritic stainless steel material - Google Patents
Method for welding high chromium ferritic stainless steel material Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010155276A JP2010155276A JP2009000244A JP2009000244A JP2010155276A JP 2010155276 A JP2010155276 A JP 2010155276A JP 2009000244 A JP2009000244 A JP 2009000244A JP 2009000244 A JP2009000244 A JP 2009000244A JP 2010155276 A JP2010155276 A JP 2010155276A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 and further Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFJRGWXELQQLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#N CFJRGWXELQQLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(2+);methanidylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr+2].[Cr]#[C-].[Cr]#[C-] GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材のティグ溶接に関するものである。 The present invention relates to TIG welding of a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material.
耐食性に優れるステンレス鋼として、18％Cr−８％Ni組成のSUS304（日本工業規格 JIS G 4305）が、各種電気製品をはじめとして、器物や厨房機器、建築材、自動車部品などの分野において広く使用されている。しかしながら、Niは貴重な資源であるため、Niや同じく貴重な資源であるMoを添加せずに耐食性を向上させた高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼が使用され始めている（例えば特許文献１）。 As stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance, SUS304 (Japanese Industrial Standard JIS G 4305) with a composition of 18% Cr-8% Ni is widely used in various fields such as electrical appliances, kitchen appliances, building materials, and automotive parts. Has been. However, since Ni is a valuable resource, high chromium ferritic stainless steel having improved corrosion resistance without adding Ni or Mo, which is also a valuable resource, has begun to be used (for example, Patent Document 1).
この高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼は、その使用に際して溶接加工が施される場合が多い。溶接法としては、特に板厚が薄い板材やパイプ、型材ではティグ溶接（ＴＩＧ溶接）が用いられる。ティグ溶接を行う場合、表側のみならず裏側もアルゴンガスによるガスシールドを行うことが推奨されているが、形状や作業性の観点から裏側のガスシールドを行わずにティグ溶接を行わざるを得ない場合も多い。 This high chromium ferritic stainless steel is often subjected to welding during its use. As the welding method, TIG welding (TIG welding) is particularly used for thin plate materials, pipes, and mold materials. When performing TIG welding, it is recommended that not only the front side but also the back side be gas shielded with argon gas, but from the viewpoint of shape and workability, TIG welding must be performed without using the back side gas shield. There are many cases.
しかしながら、高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼に対し、溶加材として一般的なオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼（例えばSUS308L）を用い、裏側のガスシールドなしでティグ溶接を行った場合、不純物である炭素や窒素が溶接金属部分の粒界にクロム炭化物やクロム窒化物として生成・成長し、粒界近傍のクロムが欠乏して耐食性が損なわれることがあった。かような現象は鋭敏化と呼ばれ、ステンレス鋼の溶接における重要な問題である。 However, when high-chromium ferritic stainless steel is austenitic stainless steel (for example, SUS308L) as a filler metal and TIG welding is performed without a gas shield on the back side, impurities such as carbon and nitrogen are welded. It was generated and grown as chromium carbide or chromium nitride at the grain boundary of the metal part, and chromium near the grain boundary was deficient and corrosion resistance was sometimes impaired. Such a phenomenon is called sensitization and is an important problem in stainless steel welding.
上述したとおり、高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材を、裏側ガスシールドなしでティグ溶接した場合、鋭敏化により溶着金属部分の耐食性を損なわれる場合があった。
この傾向は板厚が薄いほど顕著になり、その解決が望まれていた。
As described above, when a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material is TIG welded without a backside gas shield, the corrosion resistance of the weld metal portion may be impaired by sensitization.
This tendency becomes more prominent as the plate thickness is thinner, and a solution has been desired.
本発明は、上記の実情に鑑み開発されたもので、板厚が薄い高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材を、裏側ガスシールドなしでティグ溶接した場合であっても、鋭敏化を伴わず、溶着金属部分においても優れた耐食性を確保することができる高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材の溶接方法を提案することを目的とする。 The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and even when a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material with a thin plate thickness is TIG welded without a backside gas shield, it is not accompanied by sensitization, and the weld metal part It aims at proposing the welding method of the high chromium ferritic stainless steel material which can ensure the excellent corrosion resistance also in No.2.
さて、発明者らは、上記の問題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材の溶接に際し、溶加材として、適量のNbを含有させたオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼を用いれば、裏側ガスシールドがない場合であっても鋭敏化を回避して、溶接金属部分の耐食性が有利に向上することの知見を得た。
本発明は、上記の知見に立脚するものである。
Now, as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the inventors have used an austenitic stainless steel containing an appropriate amount of Nb as a filler material when welding a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material. The inventors have obtained knowledge that the corrosion resistance of the weld metal part is advantageously improved by avoiding sensitization even in the absence of the backside gas shield.
The present invention is based on the above findings.
すなわち、本発明の要旨構成は次のとおりである。
１．質量％で、
Ｃ：0.03％以下、
Ｎ：0.03％以下で、かつ
（Ｃ＋Ｎ）：0.05％以下、
Si：1.0％以下、
Mn：0.5％以下、
Al：0.2％以下、
Cr：20〜23％、
Ni：1.0％以下、
Ti：４×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）％以上 0.4％以下、
Ｐ：0.04％以下および
Ｓ：0.01％以下
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、板厚が1.2mm以下の高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材を、裏側のガスシールドなしでティグ溶接するに当たり、溶加材として、質量％で、
Ｃ：0.03％以下、
Si：1.0％以下、
Mn：2.5％以下、
Cr：18〜24％、
Ni：９〜20％、
Nb：0.3〜1.0％、
Ｎ：0.08％以下、
Ｐ：0.04％以下および
Ｓ：0.04％以下
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなるニオブ含有オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼ワイヤを使用することを特徴とする高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材のティグ溶接方法。
That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. % By mass
C: 0.03% or less,
N: 0.03% or less and (C + N): 0.05% or less
Si: 1.0% or less,
Mn: 0.5% or less,
Al: 0.2% or less,
Cr: 20-23%,
Ni: 1.0% or less,
Ti: 4 × (C + N)% or more and 0.4% or less,
PIG: 0.04% or less and S: 0.01% or less, with the balance consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities, with a plate thickness of 1.2mm or less, TIG welding without gas shielding on the back side As a filler material,
C: 0.03% or less,
Si: 1.0% or less,
Mn: 2.5% or less,
Cr: 18-24%,
Ni: 9-20%,
Nb: 0.3-1.0%,
N: 0.08% or less,
A TIG welding method for a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material, characterized by using a niobium-containing austenitic stainless steel wire containing P: 0.04% or less and S: 0.04% or less, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
２．前記高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材が、質量％でさらに、
Cu：0.3〜0.8％
を含有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材のティグ溶接方法。
2. The high chromium ferritic stainless steel material is further in mass%,
Cu: 0.3-0.8%
The TIG welding method for a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material according to claim 1, comprising:
３．前記高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材が、質量％でさらに、
Nb：0.15％以下
を含有することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材のティグ溶接方法。
3. The high chromium ferritic stainless steel material is further in mass%,
The Nb: 0.15% or less is contained, The TIG welding method of the high chromium ferritic stainless steel material of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.
本発明によれば、板厚が薄い高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材を、裏側ガスシールドなしでティグ溶接する場合であっても、鋭敏化の発生なしに、耐食性に優れた溶着金属部分を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a weld metal portion having excellent corrosion resistance without occurrence of sensitization even when TIG welding is performed on a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material having a thin plate thickness without a backside gas shield. it can.
以下、本発明を具体的に説明する。
まず、本発明において、被溶接材である高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材および溶加材であるオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼ワイヤの成分組成を前記の範囲に限定した理由について説明する。なお、成分に関する「％」表示は特に断らない限り質量％を意味するものとする。
The present invention will be specifically described below.
First, the reason why the component composition of the high chromium ferritic stainless steel material as the welded material and the austenitic stainless steel wire as the filler material in the present invention is limited to the above range will be described. Unless otherwise specified, “%” in relation to ingredients means mass%.
・高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材組成
Ｃ：0.03％以下、Ｎ：0.03％以下で、かつ（Ｃ＋Ｎ）：0.05％以下
ＣおよびＮの含有量が高いと、溶接部で鋭敏化が起こり耐食性が低下する。そこで、本発明では、後述する溶加材組成を加味した上で、良好な耐食性を得るために、ＣおよびＮ含有量については、Ｃ：0.03％以下、Ｎ：0.03％以下で、かつ（Ｃ＋Ｎ）：0.05％以下を満足する範囲に限定した。
・ High chromium ferritic stainless steel composition C: 0.03% or less, N: 0.03% or less, and (C + N): 0.05% or less When the contents of C and N are high, sensitization occurs at the weld and corrosion resistance decreases. . Therefore, in the present invention, in order to obtain good corrosion resistance in consideration of the filler composition described later, the C and N contents are C: 0.03% or less, N: 0.03% or less, and (C + N ): Limited to a range satisfying 0.05% or less.
Si：1.0％以下
Siは、脱酸剤として有用な元素であるが、多量に添加すると加工性の低下を招くため、Si量は1.0％以下に限定した。
Si: 1.0% or less
Si is an element useful as a deoxidizer, but if added in a large amount, the workability is lowered, so the Si content is limited to 1.0% or less.
Mn：0.5％以下
Mnは、脱酸作用を有するものの、鋼中で硫酸化物を形成して耐食性を低下させるため、本発明では添加量は低い方が望ましく、製造時の経済性を考慮して0.5％以下とした。
Mn: 0.5% or less
Although Mn has a deoxidizing action, it lowers the corrosion resistance by forming a sulfur oxide in the steel. Therefore, in the present invention, it is desirable that the addition amount is low, and considering the economic efficiency at the time of production, it is 0.5% or less .
Al：0.2％以下
Alは、脱酸剤として有効な成分であるが、過剰添加はAl系の非金属介在物の増加により、表面傷を招くだけでなく、加工性を低下させることから、0.1％以下とした。
Al: 0.2% or less
Al is an effective component as a deoxidizing agent, but excessive addition causes not only surface scratches due to an increase in Al-based non-metallic inclusions, but also reduces workability, so the content was made 0.1% or less.
Cr：20〜23％
Crは、耐食性の改善に有効な成分であり、SUS304相当の優れた耐食性を得るためには20％以上の添加を必要とするが、23％を超えての多量に添加すると熱延板の靭性を低下させて熱延板焼鈍を困難にするので、Crは20〜23％の範囲に限定した。
Cr: 20-23%
Cr is an effective component for improving corrosion resistance. To obtain excellent corrosion resistance equivalent to SUS304, 20% or more must be added, but if added in excess of 23%, hot rolled sheet toughness Cr is limited to the range of 20 to 23% because the hot rolled sheet annealing is made difficult.
Ni：1.0％以下
Niは、Cu添加による熱間加工性低下を抑制する効果があるが、高価な元素であることに加え、1.0％を超えて添加してもその効果は飽和するので、1.0％以下とした。
Ni: 1.0% or less
Ni has the effect of suppressing a decrease in hot workability due to the addition of Cu, but in addition to being an expensive element, the effect is saturated even if added over 1.0%, so the content was made 1.0% or less.
Ti：４×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）％以上 0.4％以下
Tiは、溶接部の鋭敏化を防止するためには、４×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）％以上の添加が必要であるが、0.4％を超えて過剰に添加されると熱延板の靭性を悪化させるので、Tiは４×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）％以上 0.4％以下の範囲に限定した。
Ti: 4 × (C + N)% or more 0.4% or less
In order to prevent sensitization of the weld zone, Ti needs to be added in an amount of 4 × (C + N)% or more. However, if it is added in excess of 0.4%, the toughness of the hot rolled sheet is deteriorated. , Ti was limited to a range of 4 × (C + N)% or more and 0.4% or less.
Ｐ：0.04％以下
Ｐは、熱間加工性の点からは少ない方が望ましいので、本発明では0.04％以下に抑制するものとした。
P: 0.04% or less P is preferably as small as possible from the viewpoint of hot workability. Therefore, in the present invention, P is suppressed to 0.04% or less.
Ｓ：0.01％以下
Ｓは、熱間加工性および耐食性の点からは少ない方が望ましいので、本発明では0.01％以下に抑制するものとした。
S: 0.01% or less Since S is preferably smaller in terms of hot workability and corrosion resistance, it is suppressed to 0.01% or less in the present invention.
以上、被溶接材である高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材の基本成分について説明したが、本発明では、その他にも必要に応じて、以下に述べる元素を適宜含有させることができる。
Cu：0.3〜0.8％
Cuは、耐候性を向上させるだけでなく、隙間腐食を低減する上で有効な元素である。そのためには、少なくとも0.3％のCu添加を必要とするが、0.8％を超えて多量に添加すると熱間加工性の低下を招くので、Cuは0.3〜0.8％の範囲で含有させるものとした。
The basic components of the high chromium ferritic stainless steel material, which is the material to be welded, have been described above. However, in the present invention, the following elements can be appropriately contained as needed.
Cu: 0.3-0.8%
Cu is an element effective not only for improving weather resistance but also for reducing crevice corrosion. For this purpose, at least 0.3% of Cu is required. However, if Cu is added in a large amount exceeding 0.8%, hot workability is deteriorated, so Cu is contained in the range of 0.3 to 0.8%.
Nb：0.15％以下
Nbは、溶接部の鋭敏化を防ぐのに有効に寄与するが、0.15％を超えて添加すると鋼材が硬くなり、加工性が低下するので、Nbは0.15％以下で含有させるものとした。
Nb: 0.15% or less
Nb contributes effectively to prevent sensitization of the welded portion, but if added over 0.15%, the steel material becomes hard and the workability deteriorates. Therefore, Nb is contained at 0.15% or less.
また、本発明では、上記の好適成分組成になる鋼材でも、特に板厚が1.2mm以下の薄鋼材を対象とする。
ステンレス鋼材の板厚：1.2mm以下
裏側のガスシールドなしでティグ溶接を行うと、裏側の鋼材表面を通して溶融状態の溶接金属部分に大気中の窒素が侵入・溶解しする。板厚が1.2mm以下になると、溶接金属（溶着金属）の体積に対して溶接金属裏側（裏波、裏ビード）の面積の比率が大きくなり、溶接金属中に侵入・溶解する窒素濃度が上昇するため、鋭敏化が起こる。これに対し、板厚が1.5mm程度の場合は、裏側のガスシールドがなくても、溶接金属（溶着金属）の体積に対して溶接金属裏側（裏波、裏ビード）の面積の比率が小さく、溶接金属中に侵入・溶解する窒素濃度が低いので、鋭敏化の問題は起こらない。
本発明は、板厚が1.2mm以下の鋼材で懸念される鋭敏化を防ぐために開発されたものである。本発明によれば、板厚が1.0mm以下でも、さらには0.8mm以下でも鋭敏化が起こらず、耐食性の良好な溶接金属部分を得ることができる。
In the present invention, even a steel material having the above-mentioned preferred component composition is particularly targeted for a thin steel material having a plate thickness of 1.2 mm or less.
Stainless steel plate thickness: 1.2mm or less When TIG welding is performed without a gas shield on the back side, nitrogen in the atmosphere enters and melts into the molten weld metal through the steel surface on the back side. When the plate thickness is 1.2 mm or less, the ratio of the area of the weld metal back side (back wave, back bead) to the volume of the weld metal (welded metal) increases, and the concentration of nitrogen that penetrates and dissolves into the weld metal increases. Therefore, sensitization occurs. On the other hand, when the plate thickness is about 1.5 mm, the ratio of the area of the weld metal back side (back wave, back bead) to the volume of the weld metal (welded metal) is small even without the gas shield on the back side. The problem of sensitization does not occur because the concentration of nitrogen that penetrates and dissolves into the weld metal is low.
The present invention was developed to prevent sensitization that is a concern with steel materials having a plate thickness of 1.2 mm or less. According to the present invention, even when the plate thickness is 1.0 mm or less, or even 0.8 mm or less, sensitization does not occur, and a weld metal portion having good corrosion resistance can be obtained.
次に、溶接時に用いる溶加材の成分組成範囲について説明する。
・ニオブ含有オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼ワイヤ
Ｃ：0.03％以下、Ｎ：0.08％以下
ＣおよびＮの含有量が高いと、溶接部で鋭敏化が起こり、耐食性が低下する。そこで、本発明では、良好な耐食性を得るために、Ｃ：0.03％以下、Ｎ：0.08％以下に限定した。
Next, the component composition range of the filler material used at the time of welding will be described.
Niobium-containing austenitic stainless steel wire C: 0.03% or less, N: 0.08% or less When the contents of C and N are high, sensitization occurs at the welded portion, and the corrosion resistance decreases. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to obtain good corrosion resistance, the content is limited to C: 0.03% or less and N: 0.08% or less.
Si：1.0％以下
Siは、脱酸剤として必要な元素であるが、多量に添加すると加工性を害するため、1.0％以下とした。
Si: 1.0% or less
Si is an element necessary as a deoxidizer, but if added in a large amount, the workability is impaired, so 1.0% or less was set.
Mn：2.5％以下
Mnは、Ni添加時に混入するが、鋼中で硫化物を形成し溶接部の耐食性を低下させるため混入量は低い方が望ましく、本発明では、製造時の経済性を考慮して2.5％以下とした。
Mn: 2.5% or less
Mn is mixed when Ni is added, but it is desirable that the mixed amount is low because sulfides are formed in the steel and the corrosion resistance of the weld is reduced.In the present invention, 2.5% or less is considered in view of economics during production. It was.
Cr：18〜24％
Crは、耐食性に有効な元素であり、溶接部で母材と同等の耐食性を得るためには18％以上の添加が必要である。しかしながら、含有量が24％を超えると溶解時に炭素や窒素を低減できなくなったり、熱間加工性が低下し製造が難しくなるので、Crは18〜24％の範囲に限定した。
Cr: 18-24%
Cr is an element effective for corrosion resistance, and it is necessary to add 18% or more in order to obtain corrosion resistance equivalent to that of the base material in the welded portion. However, if the content exceeds 24%, carbon and nitrogen cannot be reduced at the time of dissolution, or hot workability deteriorates and production becomes difficult, so Cr is limited to a range of 18 to 24%.
Ni：９〜20％
Niは、組織をオーステナイト化して、溶接時の溶け込み性を良好にするために必要であり、そのためには９％以上の添加が必要である。しかしながら、Niは高価な元素であり、また20％以上添加してもその効果は飽和するため、Niは９〜20％の範囲に限定した。
Ni: 9-20%
Ni is necessary for making the structure austenitic and improving the penetration during welding, and for that purpose, addition of 9% or more is necessary. However, since Ni is an expensive element and the effect is saturated even when added in an amount of 20% or more, Ni is limited to the range of 9 to 20%.
Nb：0.3〜1.0％
Nbは、本発明において重要な元素であり、溶加材中の炭素や窒素、さらには裏側ガスシールドがないために溶接時に大気中から溶接金属部分に侵入する窒素が、鋭敏化を起こして耐食性を低下させるのを防ぐために、ニオブ炭化物・窒化物として固定して無害化する効果がある。この効果を得るためには、0.3％以上の添加が必要であるが、1.0％を超えて添加すると溶接部に割れが生じやすくなるので、Nbは0.3〜1.0％の範囲で含有させるものとした。
Nb: 0.3-1.0%
Nb is an important element in the present invention, and carbon and nitrogen in the filler metal, and further, nitrogen that penetrates into the weld metal part from the atmosphere during welding because there is no gas shield on the back side causes sensitization and corrosion resistance. In order to prevent the deterioration of the content, there is an effect of detoxifying by fixing as niobium carbide / nitride. In order to obtain this effect, addition of 0.3% or more is necessary, but if added over 1.0%, cracks are likely to occur in the welded portion, so Nb should be included in the range of 0.3 to 1.0%. .
Ｐ：0.04％以下
Ｐは、溶加材の熱間加工性の観点および溶接部の耐食性を確保する観点からは少ない方が望ましいので、0.04％以下に限定した。
P: 0.04% or less P is limited to 0.04% or less because P is less desirable from the viewpoint of hot workability of the filler metal and the corrosion resistance of the weld.
Ｓ：0.04％以下
Ｓは、溶加材の熱間加工性と溶接部の耐食性を確保するためには少ないほうが望ましいので、0.04％以下に限定した。
S: 0.04% or less Since S is preferably as small as possible in order to ensure the hot workability of the filler metal and the corrosion resistance of the welded portion, it is limited to 0.04% or less.
表１に示す成分組成になり、板厚が0.8mmと1.5mmの高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼板を、表２に示す成分組成になる溶加材（ワイヤ）を用いて、表３に示す条件でティグ溶接を行った。なお、シールドガスとしてはアルゴンガスを用いた。
溶接後の鋼材に対し、酸洗で溶接焼けを除去したのち、繰り返し塩水噴霧試験を行って耐食性を評価した。繰返し塩水噴霧試験は、５mass%NaCl噴霧（35℃、２ｈ）→乾燥（60℃、４ｈ）→湿潤（40℃、２ｈ）を１サイクルとして、30サイクル行った。
得られた結果を表３に示す。
With the composition shown in Table 1, high chromium ferritic stainless steel sheets with thicknesses of 0.8 mm and 1.5 mm were used under the conditions shown in Table 3, using the filler material (wire) with the composition shown in Table 2. Tig welding was performed. Argon gas was used as the shielding gas.
The welded steel was removed from the weld burn by pickling, and then repeatedly subjected to a salt spray test to evaluate the corrosion resistance. The repeated salt spray test was performed 30 cycles, with 5 mass% NaCl spraying (35 ° C., 2 h) → drying (60 ° C., 4 h) → wetting (40 ° C., 2 h) as one cycle.
The obtained results are shown in Table 3.
表３に示したとおり、板厚が0.8mmの鋼板に対し、比較材の溶加材ＢあるいはＣを用いて溶接した場合には、溶接部で発銹し、耐食性が低下した。
これに対し、本発明に従う溶加材Ａを用いて溶接した場合には、裏側ガスシールドがなくても良好な耐食性が得られた。
なお、比較例３，４は、板厚が厚ければ裏側ガスシールドがなくても鋭敏化が起こらないこと、また比較例５，６は板厚が薄くても裏側ガスシールドがあれば耐食性の劣化が軽減されることを示している。さらに、比較例７，８，９は、本発明例の溶加材Ａを用いれば、裏側ガスシールドがある場合や板厚が厚い場合には、勿論のこと、良好な耐食性が得られることを示している。
As shown in Table 3, when a steel plate having a plate thickness of 0.8 mm was welded using the filler material B or C as a comparative material, it was speared at the welded portion and the corrosion resistance was lowered.
On the other hand, when welding was performed using the filler material A according to the present invention, good corrosion resistance was obtained without a backside gas shield.
In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, if the plate thickness is thick, sensitization does not occur even if there is no backside gas shield, and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 have corrosion resistance if the backside gas shield is provided even if the plate thickness is thin. It shows that deterioration is reduced. Further, in Comparative Examples 7, 8, and 9, when the filler material A of the present invention example is used, when there is a backside gas shield or when the plate thickness is thick, it is obvious that good corrosion resistance can be obtained. Show.
Claims (3)
Ｃ：0.03％以下、
Ｎ：0.03％以下で、かつ
（Ｃ＋Ｎ）：0.05％以下、
Si：1.0％以下、
Mn：0.5％以下、
Al：0.2％以下、
Cr：20〜23％、
Ni：1.0％以下、
Ti：４×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）％以上 0.4％以下、
Ｐ：0.04％以下および
Ｓ：0.01％以下
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、板厚が1.2mm以下の高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材を、裏側のガスシールドなしでティグ溶接するに当たり、溶加材として、質量％で、
Ｃ：0.03％以下、
Si：1.0％以下、
Mn：2.5％以下、
Cr：18〜24％、
Ni：９〜20％、
Nb：0.3〜1.0％、
Ｎ：0.08％以下、
Ｐ：0.04％以下および
Ｓ：0.04％以下
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなるニオブ含有オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼ワイヤを使用することを特徴とする高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材のティグ溶接方法。 % By mass
C: 0.03% or less,
N: 0.03% or less and (C + N): 0.05% or less
Si: 1.0% or less,
Mn: 0.5% or less,
Al: 0.2% or less,
Cr: 20-23%,
Ni: 1.0% or less,
Ti: 4 × (C + N)% or more and 0.4% or less,
PIG: 0.04% or less and S: 0.01% or less, with the balance consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities, with a plate thickness of 1.2mm or less, TIG welding without gas shielding on the back side As a filler material,
C: 0.03% or less,
Si: 1.0% or less,
Mn: 2.5% or less,
Cr: 18-24%,
Ni: 9-20%,
Nb: 0.3-1.0%,
N: 0.08% or less,
A TIG welding method for a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material, characterized by using a niobium-containing austenitic stainless steel wire containing P: 0.04% or less and S: 0.04% or less, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
Cu：0.3〜0.8％
を含有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材のティグ溶接方法。 The high chromium ferritic stainless steel material is further in mass%,
Cu: 0.3-0.8%
The TIG welding method for a high chromium ferritic stainless steel material according to claim 1, comprising:
Nb：0.15％以下
を含有することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の高クロムフェライト系ステンレス鋼材のティグ溶接方法。 The high chromium ferritic stainless steel material is further in mass%,
The Nb: 0.15% or less is contained, The TIG welding method of the high chromium ferritic stainless steel material of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.
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