JP2010142906A - Compound machine tool and working method of workpiece - Google Patents

Compound machine tool and working method of workpiece Download PDF

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JP2010142906A
JP2010142906A JP2008322722A JP2008322722A JP2010142906A JP 2010142906 A JP2010142906 A JP 2010142906A JP 2008322722 A JP2008322722 A JP 2008322722A JP 2008322722 A JP2008322722 A JP 2008322722A JP 2010142906 A JP2010142906 A JP 2010142906A
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tool
spindle
workpiece
machining
axis
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JP5554492B2 (en
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Chiaki Miyamori
千明 宮森
Takuya Ishida
拓也 石田
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Nakamura Tome Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool which includes both functions of a lathe and a machining center, and allows cutting and machining of a wide plane with a large-sized rotary tool and heavy-duty cutting, and develops a machining program including tool change for two workpieces. <P>SOLUTION: A tool main spindle 51 is provided the traveling positions of which are controlled in 3-axis directions orthogonal to each other, and which is turnable around an axis (third direction, Y-axis) in the longitudinal direction to an operator, and rotates around an axis parallel to a face orthogonal to the axis in the third direction. The same structure as that of a conventional two-main spindle opposed lathe is provided as a workpiece retention part. At least one capstan rest 8 is disposed below the work axial line. Tool magazines 71R, 71L and tool changers 72R, 72L are arranged substantially above two workpiece main spindles 61R, 61L on both sides of the one tool main spindle 51. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、旋盤の機能とマシニングセンタの機能とを備えた複合工作機械に関するもので、従来の複合旋盤に比べてより多くの種類の回転工具の使用が可能で、平面加工、溝加工、孔あけ加工に対してより大きな加工能力を備え、かつ通常のマシニングセンタでは不可能な直交する2方向の軸回りに傾斜した面の加工も可能にした工作機械に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a multi-tasking machine tool having a lathe function and a machining center function, and can use more types of rotary tools than conventional multi-function lathes, and can be used for plane machining, grooving and drilling. The present invention relates to a machine tool that has a greater machining capability than machining and that can also machine surfaces inclined about two orthogonal axes that are impossible with a normal machining center.

以下の説明において、機械を操作するオペレータ側(図1、2の手前側、図3、4の左側)を前、その反対側を後、オペレータから見て左側を左、右側を右として説明する。   In the following description, the operator side (the front side in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the left side in FIGS. 3 and 4) is operated as the front side, the opposite side is the rear side, the left side as viewed from the operator is the left side, and the right side is the right side. .

ドリルやエンドミルなどを使用してワークに溝加工や孔加工を行うことができる2主軸対向複合旋盤は公知である。本願出願人の出願に係る特許文献1には、ワーク主軸と平行な第1(旋盤のZ軸)方向、ワーク主軸と直交する工具の切込み送り(旋盤のX軸)方向、及びこれらに直交する第3(旋盤のY軸)方向の直交3方向に移動可能な刃物台に、第3方向の軸回り(B軸)に旋回可能な工具主軸を設けた2主軸対向型の複合旋盤が記載されている。この複合旋盤は、1個の工具マガジン及び工具交換装置(以下、両者を含めて「ATC」と言う。)を備え、ワークの加工途中で工具主軸に装着する工具を交換できるようになっている。   A two-spindle opposed composite lathe capable of performing grooving and drilling on a workpiece using a drill, an end mill, or the like is known. In Patent Document 1 relating to the application of the present applicant, the first direction (Z-axis of the lathe) parallel to the workpiece spindle, the cutting feed direction (X-axis of the lathe) of the tool orthogonal to the workpiece spindle, and the direction orthogonal thereto. A two-spindle opposed type composite lathe is described in which a tool spindle that can be rotated around an axis in the third direction (B-axis) is provided on a tool post that can move in three directions orthogonal to the third (Y-axis of the lathe). ing. This compound lathe is equipped with one tool magazine and a tool changer (hereinafter referred to as “ATC” together), so that the tool attached to the tool spindle can be changed during the machining of the workpiece. .

この2主軸対向複合旋盤は、オペレータ側が下方となる方向に傾斜したベッド上面を有するスラント型のベッドを備えており、従って、Z軸は水平であり、X軸及びY軸は、斜め上下方向である。   This two-spindle opposed composite lathe is provided with a slant type bed having a bed upper surface inclined in a direction in which the operator side is downward. Therefore, the Z-axis is horizontal, and the X-axis and Y-axis are obliquely up and down. is there.

上記2主軸対向複合旋盤は、オペレータから見て左右方向の主軸軸線の両側にワーク把持端を対向させて各独立に回転する2個の主軸(左主軸と右主軸)とを備えている。左主軸と右主軸とは、それぞれ個別にワークを把持することが可能であり、異なる動作で加工される2個のワークを同時に搭載することができる。前記工具主軸は、この2個のワークのいずれをも加工可能となるように、左右(第1)方向の大きな移動ストロークを備えている。   The two-spindle opposed composite lathe includes two spindles (a left spindle and a right spindle) that rotate independently with the workpiece gripping ends opposed to both sides of the spindle axis in the left-right direction as viewed from the operator. The left spindle and the right spindle can each hold a workpiece individually, and two workpieces processed by different operations can be mounted simultaneously. The tool spindle has a large movement stroke in the left-right (first) direction so that both of the two workpieces can be machined.

すなわち特許文献1記載の2主軸対向複合旋盤は、機械に装填された2個のワークを交互に加工することができる1個の工具主軸を備え、この1個の工具主軸の工具を交換するための1個のATCを備えている。そして、ワークと工具主軸との相対移動方向は、第1、第2及び第3方向(旋盤のZ、X、Y軸)の直交3軸方向の移動と、主軸回転による第1方向の軸回り(C軸)回転と、工具主軸の第3方向の軸回り旋回とである。   That is, the two-spindle opposed composite lathe described in Patent Document 1 includes one tool spindle that can alternately process two workpieces loaded in the machine, and the tool of this one tool spindle is changed. One ATC is provided. The relative movement direction between the workpiece and the tool spindle is the movement in the three orthogonal directions of the first, second and third directions (the lathe Z, X and Y axes) and the axis in the first direction by the spindle rotation. (C axis) rotation and turning around the axis in the third direction of the tool spindle.

一方、特許文献2には、オペレータから見て左右、前後及び上下の直交3軸方向にそれぞれ独立して移動する複数(実施例では2個)の工具主軸台を備え、各工具主軸台に工具主軸を備えたマシニングセンタが記載されている。このマシニングセンタは、複数(実施例のものは2個)の工具主軸に対応する複数の工具マガジンを備えている。実施例に示されているものは、オペレータから見て左右に配置された2個の工具主軸に対応させて、当該工具主軸の左右方向移動領域の両側にそれぞれ工具マガジンを配置している。   On the other hand, Patent Document 2 includes a plurality (two in the embodiment) of tool spindles that move independently in the three orthogonal directions of left and right, front and rear, and top and bottom when viewed from the operator, and each tool spindle is provided with a tool. A machining center with a spindle is described. This machining center includes a plurality of tool magazines corresponding to a plurality of (two in the embodiment) tool spindles. In the embodiment, tool magazines are respectively arranged on both sides of the movement area of the tool spindle in the left-right direction so as to correspond to the two tool spindles arranged on the left and right as viewed from the operator.

上記マシニングセンタは、2個の工具主軸のオペレータから見て手前側に、鉛直軸(マシニングセンタのY軸)回り(B軸)旋回する1個のワークテーブルを備えている。すなわち特許文献2のマシングセンタは、1個のワークを同時又は交互に加工する2個の工具主軸を備え、それぞれの工具主軸に対応するATCを備えたものである。そして、このマシニングセンタのワークと工具主軸との相対移動方向は、オペレータから見て左右、前後及び上下(マシニングセンタのX、Y、Z軸)の直交3軸移動とテーブル旋回による上下方向の軸回り(B軸)旋回とである。
特許第3995936号公報 特開2008−110463号公報
The machining center is provided with one work table that rotates around the vertical axis (Y axis of the machining center) (B axis) on the front side when viewed from the operator of the two tool spindles. That is, the machine center of Patent Document 2 includes two tool spindles that simultaneously or alternately process one workpiece, and an ATC corresponding to each tool spindle. The relative movement direction of the workpiece of the machining center and the tool spindle is determined by the three-axis movement in the left / right, front / rear and up / down (X, Y, Z axes of the machining center) as viewed from the operator, B axis) turning.
Japanese Patent No. 399936 JP 2008-110463 A

上記2主軸対向複合旋盤において、工具主軸に装着した工具で左主軸のワークを加工するときと右主軸のワークを加工するとき、それぞれの主軸について、旋盤のZ軸、Y軸、B軸及びC軸の移動ないし旋回における正負の方向を反対方向に設定すれば、同一の加工プログラムで同一形状の加工を行うことができる。しかし、上記の2主軸対向旋盤では、そのような設定を行うと、工具交換を行うときのみ正負の方向が逆になり、プログラムミスが生じやすくなる。   In the above-mentioned two-spindle opposed compound lathe, when machining a left spindle work and a right spindle work with a tool mounted on the tool spindle, the Z axis, Y axis, B axis, and C of the lathe for each spindle If the positive and negative directions in the movement or turning of the shaft are set in the opposite direction, machining with the same shape can be performed with the same machining program. However, in the above-described two-spindle facing lathe, when such setting is performed, the positive and negative directions are reversed only when the tool is changed, and a program error is likely to occur.

また、上記の2主軸対向複合旋盤では、X軸及びY軸が傾斜している関係で、Y軸方向の工具主軸の移動ストロークを大きくすることが困難であり、工具主軸を搭載した工具主軸台を大型にすることも困難であるため、工具主軸に大型の回転工具を装填することができず、広い平面の加工や回転工具による重切削が制限されるという問題があった。   Further, in the above-mentioned two-spindle opposed composite lathe, it is difficult to increase the movement stroke of the tool spindle in the Y-axis direction because the X-axis and Y-axis are inclined, and the tool spindle platform on which the tool spindle is mounted Since it is difficult to increase the size of the tool, it is impossible to load a large rotary tool on the tool spindle, and there is a problem that machining of a wide plane or heavy cutting by the rotary tool is limited.

また、上記構造のマシニングセンタでは、2個の工具主軸を備えているが、ワークを固定するためのテーブルが1個しかないため、2個のワークを並行して加工することができない。例えば、テーブルに2個のワークを搭載したとしても、テーブルの上下軸回り(マシニングセンタのB軸)旋回が2個のワークの角度を同時に変えてしまうので、2個のワークを異なる形状に並行して加工することは困難である。また、テーブルを回転させて当該テーブルに搭載した複数のワークを旋削加工することは不可能である。   The machining center having the above structure includes two tool spindles. However, since there is only one table for fixing the workpiece, the two workpieces cannot be machined in parallel. For example, even if two workpieces are mounted on the table, turning around the vertical axis of the table (the B axis of the machining center) changes the angle of the two workpieces at the same time. It is difficult to process. Further, it is impossible to turn a plurality of workpieces mounted on the table by rotating the table.

この発明は、旋盤とマシニングセンタとの両方の機能を備え、バイトによる高能率の旋削加工と大型の回転工具による広い平面の加工や重切削が可能であり、更にワークの回転と工具主軸台の旋回による直交2方向の軸回りの任意の角度の面や孔の加工が可能な工作機械を提供するものである。更にこの発明は、2個のワークに対する工具交換を含む加工プログラムを作成することが容易で、加工形状の異なる2個のワークを並行して加工することができ、2個のワーク主軸間でのワークの受け渡しにより、同一機台上で当該機械へのワークの固定部分を含む総ての部分の連続加工を可能にした工作機械を提供することを課題としている。   This invention has the functions of both a lathe and a machining center, enabling high-efficiency turning with a cutting tool, machining of a large flat surface with a large rotary tool, and heavy cutting, as well as workpiece rotation and tool head stock rotation. The present invention provides a machine tool capable of machining a surface and a hole at an arbitrary angle around an axis in two orthogonal directions. Furthermore, the present invention makes it easy to create a machining program that includes tool change for two workpieces, and can machine two workpieces with different machining shapes in parallel, between two workpiece spindles. It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool that enables continuous machining of all parts including a fixed part of the work to the machine on the same machine base by delivering the work.

この発明は、従来のシングルヘッドのマシニングセンタと同様な構造で互いに直交する3軸方向に移動位置を制御され、さらにオペレータに対して前後方向となる軸(第3方向、Y軸)回りに旋回可能にして、当該第3方向の軸に直交する面と平行な軸回りに回転する工具主軸51を設け、この工具主軸の下方に配置されるワーク保持部として従来の2主軸対向旋盤と同様な構造、すなわち、対向端をワーク把持端とした2個のワーク主軸61L、61Rを水平方向の同一軸線上で、少なくともその一方を他方に対して近接離隔自在に対向させて配置し、かつそのワーク軸線の下方に少なくとも1個のタレット刃物台8を配置し、更に前記1個の工具主軸51の両側の前記2個のワーク主軸61L、61Rの略上方の位置にそれぞれのワーク主軸に装着される工具を収容する2個の工具マガジン71L、71Rと工具交換装置72L、72Rとを配置した複合工作機械を提供することにより、上記課題を解決している。   This invention has a structure similar to that of a conventional single-head machining center, and its movement position is controlled in three axial directions orthogonal to each other. Further, the operator can swivel around an axis (the third direction, Y axis) that is the front-rear direction. Thus, a tool spindle 51 that rotates about an axis parallel to a plane orthogonal to the axis in the third direction is provided, and a structure similar to that of a conventional two-spindle facing lathe is provided as a work holding portion disposed below the tool spindle. That is, two work spindles 61L and 61R having opposite ends as workpiece gripping ends are arranged on the same horizontal axis so that at least one of them is opposed to the other so as to be close to and away from each other, and the workpiece axis At least one turret tool post 8 is disposed below the two tool spindles 61L and 61R on both sides of the one tool spindle 51. Two tool magazine 71L to accommodate the tool to be attached to the shaft, 71R and tool changer 72L, by providing a composite machine tool arranged and 72R, and the above-mentioned problems are eliminated.

すなわち、本願の請求項1の発明に係る複合工作機械は、1個の工具主軸51と、この工具主軸に装着する工具を収容するための2個の工具マガジン71L、71Rと、各工具マガジンと前記工具主軸51との間で工具を交換する工具交換装置72L、72Rと、2個のワーク主軸61L、61Rと、タレット刃物台8とを備え、前記工具主軸は、水平方向の第1方向に移動位置決めされる第1移動台2、前記第1と直交して下向き方向をワークに対する工具の切込み方向とする第2方向に移動位置決めされる第2移動台4、これら両方向に直交する第3方向に移動位置決めされる第3移動台3及び前記第3方向の軸回りに旋回位置決めされる工具主軸台5を介して、前記第1方向と第2方向とを含む平面と平行に下向きに軸支され、前記工具マガジン71L、71Rは、前記工具主軸台5の移動領域の前記第1方向両側に配置され、前記2個のワーク主軸61L、61Rは、少なくとも一方を他方に対して前記第1方向に近接離隔移動可能にして、前記2個の工具マガジンのそれぞれ下方に、その工具把持端を同一軸線上で対向させて前記第1方向に軸支され、前記タレット刃物台8は、前記ワーク主軸61L、61Rを設けた軸線の前記第2方向下方に、工具タレット81の割出軸bを前記第1方向にして設けられている、複合工作機械である。前記第2方向は、鉛直方向とするのが好ましく、これにより、大型の工具主軸51の支持剛性を高くできると共に、工具マガジンや工具交換装置の合理的な配置を実現でき、加工室18を区画する遮蔽カバーの構造を単純化できる。   That is, the compound machine tool according to the invention of claim 1 of the present application includes one tool spindle 51, two tool magazines 71L and 71R for housing tools to be mounted on the tool spindle, and each tool magazine. A tool changer 72L, 72R for exchanging a tool with the tool spindle 51, two workpiece spindles 61L, 61R, and a turret tool post 8 are provided, and the tool spindle is in a horizontal first direction. A first moving table 2 that is moved and positioned, a second moving table 4 that is moved and positioned in a second direction orthogonal to the first and having a downward direction as the cutting direction of the tool with respect to the workpiece, and a third direction that is orthogonal to these two directions And a third spindle 3 that is moved and positioned at the same time, and a tool spindle 5 that is pivotally positioned around the axis in the third direction, and is pivoted downward in parallel with the plane including the first and second directions. And said engineering The magazines 71L and 71R are arranged on both sides in the first direction of the moving region of the tool head stock 5. The two work spindles 61L and 61R are moved close to and away from each other in the first direction with respect to the other. The turret tool rest 8 is supported by the work spindles 61L and 61R below the two tool magazines, with the tool gripping ends facing each other on the same axis and supported in the first direction. It is a composite machine tool provided with the indexing axis b of the tool turret 81 in the first direction below the provided axis in the second direction. The second direction is preferably a vertical direction, whereby the support rigidity of the large tool spindle 51 can be increased, and a rational arrangement of the tool magazine and the tool changer can be realized, and the processing chamber 18 is partitioned. The structure of the shielding cover can be simplified.

上記構造の複合工作機械は、従来のマシニングセンタと同様な直交3軸方向の工具主軸移動機構を備えているので、大型の回転工具と当該工具を強力に駆動する工具主軸51及び工具駆動モータを搭載できる。更にこの発明の複合工作機械では、工具主軸51がオペレータから見て前後方向の軸回りに旋回可能であり、かつワークはオペレータから見て左右方向の軸回りに回転位置決めされるワーク主軸61L、61Rに把持されているため、ワークと工具主軸との相対位置関係を互いに直交する2方向の軸回りに設定可能であり、従来の一般的なマシニングセンタではテーブルに割出台を介してワークを装着しなければ加工できなかった加工も可能になる。   The compound machine tool having the above structure is equipped with a tool spindle moving mechanism in the three orthogonal directions similar to that of a conventional machining center, and therefore has a large rotary tool, a tool spindle 51 for driving the tool strongly, and a tool drive motor. it can. Further, in the composite machine tool of the present invention, the work spindles 61L and 61R are configured such that the tool spindle 51 can be turned around the longitudinal axis as viewed from the operator, and the work is rotationally positioned around the left and right axes as seen from the operator. Therefore, the relative positional relationship between the workpiece and the tool spindle can be set around two axes orthogonal to each other. In a conventional general machining center, the workpiece must be mounted on the table via an index table. Processing that could not be processed becomes possible.

更にこの発明の複合工作機械は、1個の工具主軸51に装着する工具を収容する工具マガジン71L、71Rを2個のワーク主軸61L、61Rの上方部にそれぞれ設けているので、各側のワーク主軸61L、61Rで把持されたワークの加工に用いる工具を当該各側に配置した工具マガジン71L、71Rに収納することにより、工具交換時の工具主軸51の移動距離が短くなって工具交換時間を短縮でき、工具交換を含む各ワーク主軸61L、61Rでの加工プログラムの作成が容易になる。更に、工具主軸51が2個のワーク主軸61L、61Rに把持されたワークの一方を加工している間に、他方のワーク側の工具マガジンに収容された工具の交換や保守が可能になる。   Furthermore, the composite machine tool according to the present invention is provided with the tool magazines 71L and 71R for storing the tools to be mounted on one tool spindle 51 in the upper part of the two workpiece spindles 61L and 61R. By storing the tools used for processing the workpiece gripped by the spindles 61L and 61R in the tool magazines 71L and 71R arranged on the respective sides, the moving distance of the tool spindle 51 at the time of tool change is shortened, and the tool change time is reduced. It can be shortened and it becomes easy to create a machining program for each work spindle 61L, 61R including tool change. Furthermore, while the tool spindle 51 is machining one of the workpieces held by the two workpiece spindles 61L and 61R, the tool accommodated in the tool magazine on the other workpiece side can be replaced or maintained.

金属加工を行う工作機械では、加工時に高熱かつ高硬度の切屑が発生する。この加工熱の吸収と加工速度の向上を図るために、各種の化学成分を含む加工液を供給しながら加工を行っている。そして、加工部から飛散する切屑や加工液が工具主軸台5の移動機構などを損傷したりその動作を阻害したりしないように、加工室18と機械室17とを遮蔽するカバーが設けられる。   In machine tools that perform metal processing, chips with high heat and high hardness are generated during processing. In order to absorb the processing heat and improve the processing speed, processing is performed while supplying processing liquids containing various chemical components. A cover that shields the machining chamber 18 and the machine chamber 17 is provided so that chips and machining fluid scattered from the machining section do not damage the movement mechanism of the tool head stock 5 or impede its operation.

工具主軸51を第1方向に大きなストロークで移動させるこの発明の工作機械では、加工室18と工具主軸側の機械室17とを遮蔽するカバー16も、第1方向の大きな伸縮ストロークを備えたものとしなければならず、スライド構造や蛇腹構造を採用するにしても、構成部品数が増えて構造も複雑になる。請求項3の発明では、ATCを加工室18と工具主軸側の機械室17とを遮蔽するカバー16の加工室18側に配置することにより、簡単な構造のカバーで加工室18と工具主軸側の機械室17との遮蔽を可能にしている。   In the machine tool of the present invention that moves the tool spindle 51 in the first direction with a large stroke, the cover 16 that shields the machining chamber 18 and the machine chamber 17 on the tool spindle side also has a large extension stroke in the first direction. Even if a slide structure or a bellows structure is adopted, the number of components increases and the structure becomes complicated. In the invention of claim 3, the ATC is disposed on the machining chamber 18 side of the cover 16 that shields the machining chamber 18 and the machine chamber 17 on the tool spindle side, whereby the machining chamber 18 and the tool spindle side are covered with a simple structure. The machine room 17 can be shielded.

すなわち、ベース1の左右両端に立設した支柱13から左右方向内側かつ手間側に伸びる支持部材15を設け、加工室18と工具主軸側の機械室17とを遮蔽するカバー16の左右両側部分をこの支持部材15の後方に位置させ、当該支持部材15に工具マガジン71L、71R及び工具交換装置72L、72Rを含むATC7L、7Rを取付けることにより、加工室18と工具主軸側の機械室17とを遮蔽するカバー16の単純な構造と工具主軸51の第1方向の大きな移動ストロークとを確保している。   That is, support members 15 extending in the left-right direction and the labor-side from support columns 13 erected on both left and right ends of the base 1 are provided, and left and right side portions of the cover 16 that shields the machining chamber 18 and the machine chamber 17 on the tool spindle side are provided. The ATC 7L and 7R including the tool magazines 71L and 71R and the tool changers 72L and 72R are attached to the support member 15 and the machining chamber 18 and the machine chamber 17 on the tool spindle side are placed on the support member 15. A simple structure of the cover 16 to be shielded and a large movement stroke of the tool spindle 51 in the first direction are ensured.

この出願の請求項3の発明に係る複合工作機械は、前記工具主軸51がワークを加工する領域と、前記第1ないし第3移動台のガイド及び送り機構を含む機構を収容する工具主軸側機械室とを遮蔽する遮蔽カバー16を備え、当該遮蔽カバーが、平面的に配置された複数の伸縮カバー24、24、46D、46Uを含む一平面に形成され、前記工具マガジン及び工具交換装置が、当該遮蔽カバーの加工室側に配置されていることを特徴とするものである。   The composite machine tool according to claim 3 of the present application is a tool spindle side machine that houses a region in which the tool spindle 51 processes a workpiece, and a mechanism including a guide and a feed mechanism of the first to third moving tables. A shielding cover 16 that shields the chamber, and the shielding cover is formed in one plane including a plurality of extendable covers 24, 24, 46D, 46U arranged in a plane, and the tool magazine and the tool changer include: It is arranged on the processing chamber side of the shielding cover.

また、この出願の請求項4の発明に係る複合工作機械は、機械ベース1の前記第1方向の両端に立設された支柱13を備え、前記遮蔽カバーはこの両側の支柱の間に設けられ、前記工具主軸はこの遮蔽カバー16を前記第3方向に貫通する前後方向の筒体45の前面に設けられ、前記2個の工具マガジンがそれぞれの側の支柱から加工室側に延びる支持部材15で支持されて前記遮蔽カバーのオペレータから見て手間側に配置されていることを特徴とするものである。   Further, the composite machine tool according to the invention of claim 4 of the present application is provided with support columns 13 erected on both ends of the machine base 1 in the first direction, and the shielding cover is provided between the support columns on both sides. The tool spindle is provided on the front surface of the front and rear cylindrical body 45 penetrating the shielding cover 16 in the third direction, and the two tool magazines extend from the respective columns to the processing chamber side. And is arranged on the labor side as viewed from the operator of the shielding cover.

また、この出願の請求項5の発明に係る複合工作機械におけるワークの加工方法は、上記本願の発明に係る複合工作機械の左工具マガジン71Lに左ワーク主軸61Lで把持されるワークを加工する工具を収容し、右工具マガジン71Rに右ワーク主軸61Rで把持されるワークを加工する工具を収容し、各ワークに対する工具交換を含む一連の加工を交互に行わせることを特徴とする、複合工作機械におけるワークの加工方法である。   The workpiece machining method in the composite machine tool according to the invention of claim 5 of the present application is a tool for machining a workpiece gripped by the left workpiece spindle 61L in the left tool magazine 71L of the composite machine tool according to the invention of the present application. , A tool for machining a workpiece gripped by the right workpiece spindle 61R in the right tool magazine 71R, and a series of machining operations including tool exchange for each workpiece are alternately performed. This is a method for machining a workpiece in

この発明の複合工作機械では、左ワーク主軸61Lで把持したワークの加工に使用する工具を左工具マガジン71Lに収容し、右ワーク主軸61Rで把持したワークの加工に使用する工具を右工具マガジン71Rに収容して、左右のワーク67L、67Rの加工を行うことができる。2個のワーク主軸を備えた複合工作機械では、各ワーク主軸別に当該ワーク主軸側のワークの加工に用いる工具を準備して選択使用する加工方法が、工程設計や加工プログラム作成が分かりやすくなり、設計ミスやプログラムミスを避けることができる。また、工具交換時の工具主軸51の移動が略上下方向の往復移動となり、移動距離が短いので移動時間が短縮され、工具交換して新たな工具で加工を開始するまでの時間を短くできる。   In the composite machine tool of the present invention, a tool used for processing a work gripped by the left work spindle 61L is accommodated in the left tool magazine 71L, and a tool used for processing a work gripped by the right work spindle 61R is stored in the right tool magazine 71R. The left and right workpieces 67L and 67R can be processed. In a multi-tasking machine tool with two workpiece spindles, the machining method for preparing and selecting and using the tool used for machining the workpiece on the workpiece spindle side for each workpiece spindle makes it easier to understand process design and machining program creation. Design errors and program errors can be avoided. In addition, the movement of the tool spindle 51 at the time of tool change is a reciprocating movement in a substantially vertical direction, and the movement distance is short, so that the movement time is shortened, and the time from the tool change to the start of machining with a new tool can be shortened.

更に、工具主軸51が一方のワーク主軸に把持されたワークを加工しているとき、他方のワーク主軸側の工具マガジンや工具のメンテナンス(折損工具の交換など)ができ、工具メンテナンスのために機械を停止する必要がないという利点がある。   Further, when the tool spindle 51 is machining a workpiece gripped by one workpiece spindle, the tool magazine and tools on the other workpiece spindle side can be maintained (for example, a broken tool can be replaced). There is an advantage that there is no need to stop.

この発明の複合工作機械は、左ワーク主軸61Lの加工に用いる工具を左工具マガジン71Lに収容し、右ワーク主軸61R側の加工に用いる工具を右工具マガジン71Rに収容して加工を行うのが基本であり、左右の工具マガジン71L、71Rの工具収容数は、この基本とする加工を行うことができるのに充分な収容数とされるが、予期しないワークの加工が必要になり、当該加工では例えば左工具マガジン71Lの収容数が不足し、右工具マガジン71Rの収容数に余裕があるなどの場合、左工具マガジン71Lに収容しきれなかった工具を右工具マガジン71Rに収容して加工を行うことも可能であるから、予期しないワークの加工にもフレキシブルに対応できる利点がある。   In the composite machine tool of the present invention, a tool used for machining the left workpiece spindle 61L is accommodated in the left tool magazine 71L, and a tool used for machining on the right workpiece spindle 61R side is accommodated in the right tool magazine 71R for machining. Basically, the number of tools accommodated in the left and right tool magazines 71L and 71R is sufficient to be able to perform this basic machining, but unexpected workpiece machining is required, and the machining If, for example, the left tool magazine 71L is not sufficiently accommodated and the right tool magazine 71R has sufficient capacity, the tools that could not be accommodated in the left tool magazine 71L are accommodated in the right tool magazine 71R for processing. Since it can also be performed, there is an advantage that it can flexibly cope with unexpected workpiece machining.

以下、この発明の好ましい実施形態の一例を示す図面を参照して、本願発明を更に説明する。図において、1は機械のベース、2は第1移動台、4は第2移動台、3は第3移動台、5は工具主軸台、51は工具主軸、61Lは左ワーク主軸、61Rは右ワーク主軸、71L及び71Rは工具マガジン、72L及び72Rは工具交換装置、8はタレット刃物台である。   The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings showing an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the machine base, 2 is the first moving table, 4 is the second moving table, 3 is the third moving table, 5 is the tool spindle table, 51 is the tool spindle, 61L is the left workpiece spindle, and 61R is the right Work spindles 71L and 71R are tool magazines, 72L and 72R are tool changers, and 8 is a turret tool post.

以下の説明において、左右方向は機械を操作するオペレータから見て左右となる水平方向(前記の第1方向、図1の左右方向)、前後方向は当該オペレータから見て前後となる水平方向(前記の第3方向に相当、図3の左右方向で左側が前)、上下方向は鉛直方向(前記の第2方向に相当)であり、前後方向、左右方向、上下方向は互いに直交する3方向である。   In the following description, the horizontal direction is the horizontal direction as viewed from the operator operating the machine (the first direction, the horizontal direction in FIG. 1), and the front-rear direction is the horizontal direction as viewed from the operator (see above). 3, the left and right directions in FIG. 3 are on the left side, and the up and down direction is the vertical direction (corresponding to the second direction), and the front and rear direction, the left and right direction, and the up and down direction are three directions orthogonal to each other. is there.

ベース1は、台板11と、台板11より低い高さで台板11の前方に位置するエプロン12とを備えている。ベース1には、、台板11の手前両側に左右の支柱13が立設され、この左右の支柱の上端を繋ぐ上桁14が設けられている。台板11の上部には、左右ガイド21と左右送りねじ22とが配置され、第1移動台2が左右ガイド21に案内されかつ左右送りねじ22に螺合して、左右送りねじ22を回転駆動するサーボモータ23により、左右方向に移動位置決め可能に搭載されている。   The base 1 includes a base plate 11 and an apron 12 that is lower than the base plate 11 and positioned in front of the base plate 11. In the base 1, left and right support columns 13 are erected on both sides of the base plate 11, and an upper girder 14 that connects the upper ends of the left and right support columns is provided. A left and right guide 21 and a left and right feed screw 22 are disposed on the top of the base plate 11, and the first moving table 2 is guided by the left and right guide 21 and screwed into the left and right feed screw 22 to rotate the left and right feed screw 22. The servo motor 23 is mounted so that it can be moved and positioned in the left-right direction.

左右移動台2の上部には、前後ガイド31と前後送りねじ(図示されていない)とが配置され、機械正面から見て背の高い矩形の前面を備えた前後移動台3が前後ガイド31に案内され、かつサーボモータ33で回転駆動される前後送りねじに螺合して、前後方向に移動位置決め自在に搭載されている。   A front / rear guide 31 and a front / rear feed screw (not shown) are arranged on the upper part of the left / right movable table 2, and the front / rear movable table 3 having a tall rectangular front as viewed from the front of the machine is attached to the front / rear guide 31. It is mounted so as to be movable and positionable in the front-rear direction by screwing with a front-rear feed screw that is guided and rotated by a servo motor 33.

前後移動台3の前面には、上下ガイド41と上下送りねじ(図示されていない)とが配置され、上下移動台4が上下ガイド41に案内され、かつサーボモータ43で回転駆動される上下送りねじに螺合して、上下方向に移動位置決め自在に装着されている。   A vertical guide 41 and a vertical feed screw (not shown) are arranged on the front surface of the front / rear moving table 3, and the vertical movement table 4 is guided by the vertical guide 41 and rotated by a servo motor 43. It is mounted so that it can be moved and positioned in the vertical direction by being screwed onto the screw.

上下移動台4には、前後方向の短い角筒状の支持筒45が前方に突出した構造で設けられている。この支持筒45の前面には、工具主軸台5が前後方向の軸回りに旋回自在に搭載されている。工具主軸台5の旋回支持機構及び旋回用サーボモータは、支持筒45内に設けられている。工具主軸台5には、回転工具軸51がその工具把持端を下方に向けて前後方向と直交する方向にして軸支されている。工具主軸51の回転駆動機構は、工具主軸台5内に設けられている。   The vertical moving table 4 is provided with a structure in which a rectangular tube-like support tube 45 that is short in the front-rear direction protrudes forward. A tool head stock 5 is mounted on the front surface of the support tube 45 so as to be rotatable about a longitudinal axis. The turning support mechanism and turning servo motor of the tool head stock 5 are provided in the support cylinder 45. A rotary tool shaft 51 is pivotally supported on the tool spindle base 5 with its tool grip end facing downward and in a direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction. A rotation drive mechanism for the tool spindle 51 is provided in the tool spindle stock 5.

ベース1の左右に立設した支柱13の前面には、ATCの支持部材15が固定されている。この支持部材15は、支柱13の手間側で左右方向内側に延び、その内側端から前方に延びて、この手前に延びた部分に、工具マガジン71L、71Rと工具交換装置72L、72Rとが装着されている。左右のATC7L、7Rは、工具主軸51の左右方向の移動領域の両側の上方部に位置している。図の工具マガジン71L、71Rは、左右方向の軸回りに回転して工具を選択する円板構造のもので、ベースとなる円板73の外側面(反工具主軸側の面)の円周上に工具を左右方向にして保持する多数の工具保持部74を備えている。各工具保持部74は、最下端に回動した位置で保持した工具の方向を下方に向ける方向変換機構を備えている。   An ATC support member 15 is fixed to the front surface of the column 13 erected on the left and right sides of the base 1. The support member 15 extends inward in the left-right direction on the labor side of the column 13, extends forward from the inner end thereof, and the tool magazines 71L and 71R and the tool changers 72L and 72R are attached to a portion extending forward. Has been. The left and right ATCs 7 </ b> L and 7 </ b> R are located in the upper part on both sides of the horizontal movement area of the tool spindle 51. The tool magazines 71L and 71R shown in the figure have a disk structure that rotates around a horizontal axis to select a tool, and is on the circumference of the outer surface (surface on the side opposite to the tool spindle) of the disk 73 that serves as a base. Are provided with a number of tool holding portions 74 for holding the tool in the left-right direction. Each tool holding part 74 is provided with the direction change mechanism which orient | assigns the direction of the tool hold | maintained in the position rotated to the lowest end to the downward direction.

工具交換装置72L、72Rは、両端にハンド77を備え、中央を上下方向の旋回軸76に固定されて当該旋回軸回りに180度旋回することにより、工具主軸51と工具マガジン71L、71Rの下端で下方を向いた工具保持部との間で工具を交換する。工具交換時には、工具主軸51が左又は右かつ上方に移動して、工具把持端を工具交換位置に位置決めし、180度旋回する工具交換腕75の一方のハンドで工具主軸51に装着された工具を把持し、他方のハンドで工具マガジンの下端で下方を向いた工具を把持して、下降して両工具を抜取り、180度旋回し、上昇して両工具を差込むことにより、工具交換を行う。   The tool changers 72L and 72R have hands 77 at both ends, the center of which is fixed to the vertical turning shaft 76, and the tool spindles 51 and the lower ends of the tool magazines 71L and 71R are turned by 180 degrees around the turning shaft. Replace the tool with the tool holder facing downward. At the time of tool change, the tool spindle 51 moves left or right and upward, positions the tool gripping end at the tool change position, and is attached to the tool spindle 51 with one hand of the tool change arm 75 that rotates 180 degrees. And hold the tool facing downward at the lower end of the tool magazine with the other hand, lower and pull out both tools, turn 180 degrees, raise and insert both tools to change the tool. Do.

左右の支柱13と前後移動台3との間には、左右移動台2に固定した図示しないブラケットにそれぞれの固定縁(外側の縁)の下部と移動縁(内側の縁)の下部とを固定して、左右の左右伸縮カバー24、24が設けられている。左右の左右伸縮カバー24、24の移動縁相互の間には、その左右方向両側縁を左右の左右伸縮カバー24、24の移動縁に上下方向に摺動自在にして、角枠35が装着されている。前述の支持筒45は、この角枠35を前後方向に摺動自在に貫通している。角枠35の下方には、下縁をその両側の左右伸縮カバーの移動縁に固定し上縁を角枠35に固定した下上下伸縮カバー46Dが設けられ、角枠35の上方には、上縁をその両側の左右伸縮カバーの移動縁に固定し下縁を角枠35に固定した上上下伸縮カバー46Uが設けられている。   Between the left and right support columns 13 and the front / rear moving table 3, the lower part of each fixed edge (outer edge) and the lower part of the moving edge (inner edge) are fixed to a bracket (not shown) fixed to the left / right movable table 2. Then, left and right left and right telescopic covers 24, 24 are provided. Between the moving edges of the left and right left and right telescopic covers 24 and 24, a square frame 35 is mounted so that both side edges in the left and right direction are slidable vertically on the moving edges of the left and right left and right telescopic covers 24 and 24. ing. The aforementioned support cylinder 45 penetrates the square frame 35 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction. Below the corner frame 35, there is provided a lower upper and lower extension cover 46D having a lower edge fixed to the moving edges of the left and right extension covers on both sides and an upper edge fixed to the corner frame 35. There are provided upper and lower upper and lower extendable covers 46U having edges fixed to the moving edges of the left and right extendable covers on both sides and lower edges fixed to the square frame 35.

すなわち、加工室18と工具主軸側の機械室17とを遮蔽する遮蔽カバー16は、両側の支柱13の間に平面的に配置された左右の左右伸縮カバー24、24と、下上下伸縮カバー46Dと、上上下伸縮カバー46Uとで形成され、これらの伸縮カバーで支持された角枠35を摺動自在に貫通する支持筒45の前面に、工具主軸台5が前後方向の軸回りに旋回自在に装着されている。左右伸縮カバー24、24及び上下の上下伸縮カバー46D、46Uは、複数枚のスライド板からなる構造やジャバラ構造で、支持筒45の左右方向の移動に伴って左右の左右伸縮カバー24、24が伸縮し、支持筒45の上下方向の移動に伴って上下の上下伸縮カバー46D、46Uが伸縮する。支持筒45は、角枠35との間で摺動することにより、前後方向に移動する。   That is, the shielding cover 16 that shields the machining chamber 18 and the machine chamber 17 on the tool spindle side includes left and right left and right extendable covers 24 and 24 arranged in a plane between the pillars 13 on both sides, and a lower upper and lower extendable cover 46D. And the upper / lower upper / lower extendable cover 46U, and the tool head stock 5 can be swiveled around the front / rear direction axis on the front surface of the support cylinder 45 slidably passing through the square frame 35 supported by these extendable covers. It is attached to. The left and right telescopic covers 24 and 24 and the upper and lower upper and lower telescopic covers 46D and 46U have a structure composed of a plurality of slide plates or a bellows structure. As the support cylinder 45 moves in the left and right direction, The upper and lower upper and lower telescopic covers 46D and 46U expand and contract as the support cylinder 45 moves in the vertical direction. The support cylinder 45 moves in the front-rear direction by sliding between the square frame 35.

すなわち、加工室18と工具主軸側の機械室17を遮蔽する遮蔽カバー16は、ATC7L、7Rの支持部材15の後方に前後方向の位置を定位置にして形成されている。工具主軸51の前後方向移動の原点位置では、角枠35が支持筒45の前後方向中央に位置し、工具主軸51は、支持筒45の長さ分だけ前後方向に移動可能である。   That is, the shielding cover 16 that shields the machining chamber 18 and the machine chamber 17 on the tool spindle side is formed behind the support member 15 of the ATC 7L, 7R with the position in the front-rear direction as a fixed position. At the origin position of the longitudinal movement of the tool spindle 51, the square frame 35 is positioned at the center of the support cylinder 45 in the longitudinal direction, and the tool spindle 51 can move in the longitudinal direction by the length of the support cylinder 45.

前後方向移動の原点位置における工具主軸51の直下の位置に左右方向のワーク軸線aが設定され、その両側であるATC7L、7Rの下方の位置に左ワーク主軸台6Lと右ワーク主軸台6Rとが配置されている。左ワーク主軸台6Lは、エプロン12に固定して設けられており、右ワーク主軸台6Rは、左右方向の主軸ガイド63に案内されて、かつ同方向の主軸送りねじ64に螺合して、主軸送りねじ64を回転駆動するサーボモータで左右方向に移動位置決め可能である。   A workpiece axis a in the left-right direction is set at a position directly below the tool spindle 51 at the origin position of the longitudinal movement, and the left workpiece spindle 6L and the right workpiece spindle 6R are positioned below the ATCs 7L and 7R on both sides. Has been placed. The left work spindle 6L is fixed to the apron 12, and the right work spindle 6R is guided by the left and right spindle guide 63 and screwed to the spindle feed screw 64 in the same direction. A servo motor that rotationally drives the spindle feed screw 64 can be moved and positioned in the left-right direction.

左右のワーク主軸台6L、6Rには、それぞれの主軸モータ65、65で回転駆動されるワーク主軸61L、61Rがワーク軸線a回りに回転位置決め可能に、かつそのワーク把持端66L、66Rを対向させて設けられている。ワーク軸線aの直下の位置にこれと平行なタレット割出軸を有するタレット刃物台8が配置されている。すなわち、前後方向の移動原点に位置する工具主軸51の軸心とワーク軸線aとタレット81の割出回転軸とは、同一鉛直面内に位置する。   The work spindles 61L and 61R, which are driven to rotate by the spindle motors 65 and 65, can be rotated and positioned around the work axis a, and the workpiece gripping ends 66L and 66R are opposed to the left and right work spindles 6L and 6R. Is provided. A turret tool post 8 having a turret indexing shaft parallel to the work axis a is disposed at a position immediately below the workpiece axis a. That is, the axis of the tool spindle 51 located at the movement origin in the front-rear direction, the workpiece axis a, and the index rotation axis of the turret 81 are located in the same vertical plane.

タレット刃物台8は、従来の旋盤におけるものと同様な構造により、左右及び上下方向に移動位置決めされ、そのタレット81は、割出軸b回りに割出し回転されて、使用する工具をワーク軸線a側に割出す。工具主軸51及びタレット81は、左右のワーク主軸61L、61Rに把持されたワークの加工が可能な左右方向の移動ストロークを備えている。   The turret tool post 8 is moved and positioned in the left and right and up and down directions by a structure similar to that in a conventional lathe, and the turret 81 is indexed and rotated around the indexing axis b to transfer the tool to be used to the workpiece axis a. Index to the side. The tool spindle 51 and the turret 81 are provided with a moving stroke in the left-right direction capable of machining the workpiece gripped by the left and right workpiece spindles 61L, 61R.

次に、図3を参照して、工具主軸51の加工動作について説明する。ワークに対する加工が左ワーク主軸側から行われるとして、まず工具主軸台5が左移動し、かつ上動して左工具交換装置72Lの工具交換位置に位置決めされる。そして、工具主軸に最初に使用する工具L1を装填し、左ワーク主軸61Lの前工程(タレット刃物台との間で行われる加工や左ワーク主軸へのワークのローディング)の終了を待つ。   Next, the machining operation of the tool spindle 51 will be described with reference to FIG. Assuming that the workpiece is processed from the left workpiece spindle side, first, the tool spindle stock 5 moves to the left and moves upward to be positioned at the tool change position of the left tool changer 72L. Then, the tool L1 to be used first is loaded on the tool spindle, and the end of the previous process (processing performed with the turret tool post or loading of the work onto the left work spindle) of the left work spindle 61L is waited for.

待機時に前工程の動作完了信号を受けたら(加工完了信号を既に受けていれば待機することなく)、工具L1での加工を開始し、必要に応じて工具を交換しながら左ワーク67Lの加工を行う。そして、左ワーク67Lに対する工具主軸51による一連の加工が終了したら、当該時点で工具主軸51に装着されている工具Lnを左工具マガジン71Lに戻し、次に行う加工のプログラムを読み込む。   When the operation completion signal of the previous process is received during standby (without waiting if the machining completion signal has already been received), machining with the tool L1 is started, and machining of the left workpiece 67L is performed while changing the tool as necessary. I do. When a series of machining operations on the left workpiece 67L by the tool spindle 51 is completed, the tool Ln attached to the tool spindle 51 at that time is returned to the left tool magazine 71L, and a machining program to be performed next is read.

読み込んだプログラムが右ワーク67Rの加工プログラムであれば、まず、工具主軸台5を右移動かつ上動して、右工具交換装置72Rの工具交換位置に位置決めし、最初に使用する工具R1を受け取る。そして、右ワーク主軸からの前工程の動作完了信号を待ち、動作完了信号を受けたら、工具R1での加工を行い、適時工具を交換しながら右ワーク67Rの加工を行う。このようにして右ワーク67Rに対する一連の加工が終了したら、そのとき装着されている工具Rnを右工具マガジン71Rに返却し、次工程の加工プログラムを読み込む。   If the read program is a machining program for the right workpiece 67R, first, the tool head stock 5 is moved to the right and moved upward to be positioned at the tool change position of the right tool changer 72R, and the tool R1 to be used first is received. . Then, after waiting for the operation completion signal of the previous process from the right workpiece spindle, when the operation completion signal is received, the machining with the tool R1 is performed, and the machining of the right workpiece 67R is performed while replacing the tool in a timely manner. When a series of machining for the right workpiece 67R is completed in this way, the tool Rn mounted at that time is returned to the right tool magazine 71R, and a machining program for the next process is read.

上記の動作を繰り返すことにより、工具主軸51は、左ワーク67Lと右ワーク67Rとの間を移動し、かつ適時工具を交換しながら、左右のワークの加工を行う。工具主軸51が、左右のワークの一方を加工している間、他方のワークは、タレット刃物台8との間での旋削加工を行う。タレット刃物台8が小径の回転工具を装着可能な刃物台であれば、旋削加工と共にねじ孔などの加工をタレット刃物台8側で行うことができる。   By repeating the above operation, the tool spindle 51 moves between the left workpiece 67L and the right workpiece 67R, and processes the left and right workpieces while exchanging the tools in a timely manner. While the tool spindle 51 is machining one of the left and right workpieces, the other workpiece performs turning with the turret tool post 8. If the turret tool rest 8 is a tool rest capable of mounting a rotating tool having a small diameter, it is possible to perform machining such as screw holes on the turret tool rest 8 side together with turning.

上記の1個の工具主軸51による左右2個のワークに対する加工手順で理解されるように、この発明の複合工作機械は、工具マガジンを左右のそれぞれの側のワーク主軸の上方に備えているため、左ワークを加工する工具を左工具マガジンに収容し、右ワークを加工する工具を右工具マガジンに収容することにより、それぞれのワークに対する工具交換を含む加工プログラムを定型化してプログラムミスが起りにくいものにすることができると共に、一連の加工の途中で行われる工具交換動作時の工具主軸台5の移動距離が短くなり、従って、工具交換時のロス時間を大幅に低減できる。   As can be understood from the machining procedure for the left and right workpieces by the single tool spindle 51, the composite machine tool of the present invention includes the tool magazine above the workpiece spindles on the left and right sides. , By storing the tool for machining the left workpiece in the left tool magazine and the tool for machining the right workpiece in the right tool magazine, the machining program including tool change for each workpiece is standardized and program errors are unlikely to occur. In addition, the moving distance of the tool head stock 5 at the time of a tool change operation performed during a series of processings can be shortened, and therefore the loss time at the time of tool change can be greatly reduced.

更に、一方のワークを加工しているとき、反対側の工具マガジンは動作を停止しているから、この間に必要に応じて停止している側の工具マガジンに装填されている工具の交換やメンテナンスを機械を停止させないで行うことができる。   In addition, when machining one workpiece, the tool magazine on the opposite side stops operating. During this time, replacement and maintenance of the tool loaded in the tool magazine on the other side is stopped as necessary. Can be performed without stopping the machine.

なお、この発明の複合工作機械では、それぞれの側のワークを加工する工具をそれぞれの側の工具マガジンに収容するのが基本であるが、一方のワークで使用する工具の種類が多くて、片側の工具マガジンに収容しきれないときは、反対側の工具マガジンに余裕があれば、反対側の工具マガジンに収容しておくことも可能であるから、機械設置時には想定していなかった特殊なワークの加工にも対応可能であるという特徴がある。   In the multi-task machine tool of the present invention, it is basic that the tool for processing the workpiece on each side is accommodated in the tool magazine on each side, but there are many types of tools used on one workpiece, If the tool magazine on the opposite side has room, it can be stored in the tool magazine on the opposite side. It has the feature that it can also be used for machining.

カバーを省略してこの発明の複合工作機械の一例を示す正面図Front view showing an example of the composite machine tool of the present invention with the cover omitted 加工室と工具主軸側の機械室との間の遮蔽カバーを付けた状態の正面図Front view with a shielding cover between the machining chamber and the machine room on the tool spindle side 図1の複合工作機械の側面図Side view of the compound machine tool of FIG. ATC、タレット及び右ワーク主軸台を省略して示した側面図Side view with ATC, turret and right work headstock omitted 工具主軸の加工動作の説明図Explanatory drawing of machining operation of tool spindle

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 機械ベース
2 第1移動台(左右移動台)
3 第3移動台(前後移動台)
4 第2移動台(上下移動台)
5 工具主軸台
8 タレット刃物台
13 支柱
15 支持部材
16 遮蔽カバー
24 左右伸縮カバー
45 筒体
46D,46U 上下伸縮カバー
51 工具主軸
61L,61R ワーク主軸
71L,71R 工具マガジン
72L,72R 工具交換装置
81 工具タレット
1 Machine base 2 1st moving table (left / right moving table)
3 Third platform (front / rear platform)
4 Second moving table (up and down moving table)
5 Tool headstock 8 Turret tool post
13 Prop
15 Support member
16 Shielding cover
24 Left and right extendable cover
45 cylinder
46D, 46U Vertical expansion / contraction cover
51 Tool spindle
61L, 61R Work spindle
71L, 71R Tool magazine
72L, 72R Tool changer
81 Tool turret

Claims (5)

1個の工具主軸(51)と、この工具主軸に装着する工具を収容するための2個の工具マガジン(71L,71R)と、各工具マガジンと前記工具主軸との間で工具を交換する工具交換装置(72L,72R)と、2個のワーク主軸(61L,61R)と、タレット刃物台(8)とを備え、
前記工具主軸は、水平方向の第1方向に移動位置決めされる第1移動台(2)、前記第1と直交して下向き方向をワークに対する工具の切込み方向とする第2方向に移動位置決めされる第2移動台(4)、これら両方向に直交する第3方向に移動位置決めされる第3移動台(3)及び前記第3方向の軸回りに旋回位置決めされる工具主軸台(5)を介して、前記第1方向と第2方向とを含む平面と平行に下向きに軸支され、
前記工具マガジンは、前記工具主軸台の移動領域の前記第1方向両側に配置され、
前記2個のワーク主軸は、少なくとも一方を他方に対して前記第1方向に近接離隔移動可能にして、前記2個の工具マガジンのそれぞれ下方に、その工具把持端を同一軸線上で対向させて前記第1方向に軸支され、
前記タレット刃物台(8)は、前記ワーク主軸を設けた軸線の前記第2方向下方に、工具タレット(81)の割出軸(b)を前記第1方向にして設けられている、複合工作機械。
One tool spindle (51), two tool magazines (71L, 71R) for storing tools to be mounted on the tool spindle, and a tool for exchanging tools between each tool magazine and the tool spindle An exchange device (72L, 72R), two work spindles (61L, 61R), and a turret tool post (8),
The tool spindle is moved and positioned in a first moving table (2) that is moved and positioned in a first horizontal direction, and in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first and that has a downward direction as a cutting direction of the tool with respect to the workpiece. Via a second moving table (4), a third moving table (3) that is moved and positioned in a third direction orthogonal to these two directions, and a tool spindle table (5) that is swiveled and positioned around the axis in the third direction , And is pivotally supported downward in parallel with a plane including the first direction and the second direction,
The tool magazine is disposed on both sides in the first direction of the movement region of the tool head stock,
The at least one of the two work spindles can be moved close to and away from the other in the first direction, and the tool gripping ends thereof are opposed to each other on the same axis below the two tool magazines. Pivotally supported in the first direction,
The turret tool post (8) is provided with the indexing shaft (b) of the tool turret (81) in the first direction below the second direction of the axis on which the work spindle is provided. machine.
第2方向が鉛直方向である、請求項1記載の複合工作機械。   The composite machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the second direction is a vertical direction. 前記工具主軸がワークを加工する領域と、前記第1ないし第3移動台のガイド及び送り機構を含む機構を収容する工具主軸側機械室とを遮蔽する遮蔽カバー(16)を備え、当該遮蔽カバーが、平面的に配置された複数の伸縮カバー(24,24,46D,46U)を含む一平面に形成され、前記工具マガジン及び工具交換装置が、当該遮蔽カバーの加工室側に配置されている、請求項1又は2記載の複合工作機械。   A shielding cover (16) for shielding a region in which the tool spindle processes a workpiece and a tool spindle side machine chamber that houses a mechanism including a guide and a feed mechanism of the first to third moving tables; Is formed in one plane including a plurality of extendable covers (24, 24, 46D, 46U) arranged in a plane, and the tool magazine and the tool changer are arranged on the processing chamber side of the shielding cover. The composite machine tool according to claim 1 or 2. 機械ベース(1)の前記第1方向の両端に立設された支柱(13)を備え、前記遮蔽カバーはこの両側の支柱の間に設けられ、前記工具主軸はこの遮蔽カバー(16)を前記第3方向に貫通する前後方向の筒体(45)の前面に設けられ、前記2個の工具マガジンがそれぞれの側の支柱から加工室側に延びる支持部材(15)で支持されて前記遮蔽カバーのオペレータから見て手間側に配置されている、請求項3記載の複合工作機械。   The machine base (1) is provided with struts (13) standing upright at both ends in the first direction, the shielding cover is provided between the struts on both sides, and the tool spindle is attached to the shielding cover (16). The shielding cover is provided on the front surface of the front-rear cylinder (45) penetrating in the third direction, and the two tool magazines are supported by support members (15) extending from the columns on each side to the processing chamber side. The composite machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the composite machine tool is disposed on the labor side as viewed from the operator. 請求項1、2、3又は4記載の複合工作機械の左工具マガジン(71L)に左ワーク主軸(61L)で把持されるワークを加工する工具を収容し、右工具マガジン(71R)に右ワーク主軸(61R)で把持されるワークを加工する工具を収容し、各ワークに対する工具交換を含む一連の加工を交互に行わせることを特徴とする、複合工作機械におけるワークの加工方法。   The left tool magazine (71L) of the multi-task machine tool according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 stores a tool for machining a work gripped by the left work spindle (61L), and the right tool magazine (71R) has a right work piece. A method of machining a workpiece in a multi-task machine tool, wherein a tool for machining a workpiece gripped by a spindle (61R) is accommodated, and a series of machining including tool change for each workpiece is alternately performed.
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CN116329959A (en) * 2023-05-05 2023-06-27 无锡市质谨机械科技有限公司 Vertical grooving machine integrating planing and cutting

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CN116329959B (en) * 2023-05-05 2024-04-26 无锡市质谨机械科技有限公司 Vertical grooving machine integrating planing and cutting

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