JP2010094721A - Warm compacting method in powder metallurgy and die device therefor - Google Patents

Warm compacting method in powder metallurgy and die device therefor Download PDF

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JP2010094721A
JP2010094721A JP2008269104A JP2008269104A JP2010094721A JP 2010094721 A JP2010094721 A JP 2010094721A JP 2008269104 A JP2008269104 A JP 2008269104A JP 2008269104 A JP2008269104 A JP 2008269104A JP 2010094721 A JP2010094721 A JP 2010094721A
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molding
heating
die
cooling
passage
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Takashi Nakai
崇 中井
Kinya Kawase
欣也 川瀬
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Diamet Corp
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Diamet Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform heating and cooling of a compacting die body without using a heater. <P>SOLUTION: Raw material powder M is packed into a compacting part 6 formed in a die 2, and the raw material powder M is compressed in the compacting part 6 so as to compact a powder compact. Using a heating liquid H and a cooling liquid C for the heating and cooling of the die 2, the heating liquid H is beforehand heated by a heating liquid feed means 18, the cooling liquid C is cooled by a cooling liquid feed means 19 so as to control temperature, thereafter, using the heating liquid H with which the die 2 has been beforehand heated, the die 2 is heated directly before compacting, and is subjected to warm compacting. After the completion of the compacting, the die 2 is cooled using the beforehand cooled cooling liquid C. By performing the heating of the die 2 only by the heating liquid H without using a heater as a heating means, temperature over upon temperature elevation is eliminated, and a phenomenon that a temperature distribution becomes uneven can be prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、粉末冶金における成形において、温間成形する粉末冶金における温間成形方法及びその金型装置に関するものである。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a warm forming method in powder metallurgy that performs warm forming in powder metallurgy and a mold apparatus thereof.

粉末冶金における粉末成形において、温間成形する成形金型装置は、上パンチにヒータが装着されると共に、ダイにもヒータが装着され、そしてダイプレートに冷却管を設け、加熱手段としてヒータを用い、冷却手段として水または空気等の冷却媒体を使用する方法が一般的である（例えば特許文献１）。
特開平９−２５３８９６号公報 In powder molding in powder metallurgy, a warming molding device is equipped with a heater on the upper punch, a heater on the die, a cooling pipe on the die plate, and a heater as a heating means. A method of using a cooling medium such as water or air as a cooling means is common (for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-9-253896

従来技術のように、加熱手段としてヒータを用いると、ヒータ設置部分周辺と未設置部分周辺の温度分布が不均一となったり、昇温時に加熱しすぎたりして成形時に、成形体の品質が不安定となったり、金型に部分的な熱膨張を起こすことで問題が発生する場合がある。   If a heater is used as a heating means as in the prior art, the temperature distribution around the heater installation area and the non-installation area will be non-uniform, or it will be overheated when the temperature rises, and the quality of the molded product will be reduced during molding. Problems may arise due to instability or partial thermal expansion of the mold.

また、ヒータを使用すると、ヒータスペースの制約によって、ヒータの能力が制限され、加熱に時間がかかったり、成形部分近くにヒータがあるため、ヒータの外側からの冷却となるため、冷却に時間がかかる場合がある。さらに、ヒータの配線が金型のセット時に邪魔になり、セットに時間がかかったり、配線を傷つけたりする場合がある。しかも、ヒータの配線に電流が流れているため、感電のおそれがあり、さらに、冷却水が漏れていたりすると危険性が高まる。   In addition, when a heater is used, the heater capacity is limited due to restrictions on the heater space, and it takes time to heat, or because there is a heater near the molding part, cooling is performed from the outside of the heater. It may take such a case. Furthermore, the heater wiring may become an obstacle when the mold is set, and it may take time to set or damage the wiring. Moreover, since current flows through the wiring of the heater, there is a risk of electric shock. Further, if the cooling water leaks, the danger increases.

解決しようとする問題点は、ヒータを用いることなく、成形金型で温間成形するように加熱し、成形後の成形金型の交換時などにおいては冷却を行うことができる粉末冶金における温間成形方法及びその金型装置を提供することを目的とする。   The problem to be solved is the warmth in powder metallurgy that can be heated in a molding die without using a heater and cooled when the molding die is replaced after molding. It is an object of the present invention to provide a molding method and a mold apparatus therefor.

請求項１の発明は、成形金型に形成した成形部に原料粉末を充填し、前記成形部で前記原料粉末を圧縮して粉末成形体を成形する粉末成形の成形方法であって、前記成形金型の加熱と冷却に液体の熱媒体を用い、前記熱媒体を事前に加熱又は冷却して温度制御した後、成形直前に前記成形金型を事前に加熱した熱媒体を使用して成形金型を加熱し、温間成形を行い、成形終了後、事前に冷却した熱媒体を使用して前記成形金型を冷却することを特徴とする粉末冶金における温間成形方法である。   The invention of claim 1 is a powder molding method for forming a powder compact by filling a raw material powder in a molding part formed in a molding die and compressing the raw material powder in the molding part, A liquid heat medium is used for heating and cooling the mold, the temperature is controlled by heating or cooling the heat medium in advance, and then the mold is formed using the heat medium in which the mold is preheated immediately before molding. A warm molding method in powder metallurgy, characterized in that a mold is heated, warm molding is performed, and after the molding is finished, the molding die is cooled using a heat medium cooled in advance.

請求項２の発明は、成形部に原料粉末を充填し、前記原料粉末を前記成形部で圧縮して成形する成形金型と、前記成形金型に加熱と冷却の液体の熱媒体の通路を設けて、成形直前に前記成形金型を事前に加熱した熱媒体を使用して金型を加熱し、温間成形を行い、成形終了後、事前に冷却した熱媒体を使用して前記成形金型を冷却することを特徴とする粉末冶金における温間成形金型装置である。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a molding die for filling a molding part with raw material powder and compressing and molding the raw material powder in the molding part, and a passage for a heating and cooling liquid heating medium in the molding die. The mold is heated using a heating medium in which the molding die is heated in advance immediately before molding, warm-molding is performed, and after the molding is finished, the heating mold is used in advance to cool the molding mold. A warm-molding die apparatus in powder metallurgy characterized by cooling a die.

請求項３の発明は、前記加熱用の熱媒体の通路と前記冷却用の熱媒体の通路を選択的に同一の前記通路を使用して、前記加熱用の熱媒体により加熱し、前記冷却用の熱媒体により冷却することを特徴とする請求項２記載の粉末冶金における温間成形金型装置である。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, the heating heat medium passage and the cooling heat medium passage are selectively heated by the heating heat medium using the same passage. 3. The warm molding die apparatus for powder metallurgy according to claim 2, wherein the mold is cooled by a heat medium.

請求項４の発明は、前記加熱用の熱媒体の通路と前記冷却用の熱媒体の通路とをバルブ等の切替手段で切替えて前記同一の通路に接続することを特徴とする請求項３記載の粉末冶金における温間成形金型装置である。   The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the heating medium passage for heating and the passage of the cooling heat medium are switched by a switching means such as a valve and connected to the same passage. It is a warm molding die apparatus in powder metallurgy.

請求項１の発明によれば、事前に加熱した加熱用の熱媒体によって成形金型を加熱して温間成形を行い、一方成形の終了時には事前に冷却した冷却用の熱媒体によって成形金型を冷却でき、そして加熱用の熱媒体、冷却用の熱媒体は事前に加熱、冷却することで、成形金型の加熱、冷却を迅速に行うことができる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the molding die is heated by the heating medium heated in advance, and warm molding is performed. On the other hand, at the end of molding, the molding mold is cooled by the cooling heating medium cooled in advance. The heating mold and the heating medium for cooling can be heated and cooled in advance, so that the molding die can be heated and cooled quickly.

請求項２の発明によれば、成形金型に温間成形のための加熱した熱媒体の通路と、成形終了後における成形金型の冷却のための冷却した熱媒体の通路とを設けたことで、加熱した熱媒体により成形金型を加熱して温間成形を行い、一方成形終了後では冷却した熱媒体により成形金型本体を冷却することで、ヒータを用いるものに比較して電気配線に伴う感電などの弊害をなくすことができる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, the molding die is provided with a heated heat medium passage for warm molding and a cooled heat medium passage for cooling the molding die after the molding is completed. Then, the molding die is heated with a heated heat medium to perform warm molding, and after the molding is finished, the molding die body is cooled with a cooled heating medium, so that the electrical wiring is compared with that using a heater. It is possible to eliminate adverse effects such as electric shock.

請求項３の発明によれば、加熱用の熱媒体、冷却用の熱媒体のそれぞれの専用の通路は必要でなくなり、通路を共用することができる。   According to the invention of claim 3, the dedicated passages for the heating heat medium and the cooling heat medium are not necessary, and the passages can be shared.

請求項４の発明によれば、切替手段によって、冷却用の熱媒体、加熱用の熱媒体のそれぞれを、共用の通路に選択的に流すことができる。   According to invention of Claim 4, each of the heat medium for cooling and the heat medium for heating can be selectively flowed to a shared channel | path by the switching means.

本発明における好適な実施の形態について、添付図面を参照して説明する。尚、以下に説明する実施の形態は、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の内容を限定するものではない。また、以下に説明される構成の全てが、本発明の必須要件であるとは限らない。   Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below do not limit the contents of the present invention described in the claims. In addition, all the configurations described below are not necessarily essential requirements of the present invention.

以下、本発明の実施例１を図１〜図４を参照して説明する。同図において、この成形金型１は、上下方向を軸方向（プレス上下軸方向）としており、成形金型本体たるダイ２、コアロッド３、下パンチ４および上パンチ５を備えている。実施例ではダイ２はほぼ円筒形状で、このダイ２内にほぼ円柱形状のコアロッド３が同軸的に位置している。下パンチ４は、ほぼ円筒形状で、ダイ２およびコアロッド３間に下方から上下動自在に嵌合している。上パンチ５は、ほぼ円筒形状で、ダイ２およびコアロッド３間に上方から上下動自在にかつ挿脱自在に嵌合するものである。尚、ダイ２の外側には、該ダイ２を固定するダイプレート10が設けられている。尚、ダイ２をダイ押さえやダイホルダーなどによりダイプレート10に固定することができる。   Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In this figure, the molding die 1 has an up-down direction as an axial direction (press up-down axis direction), and includes a die 2, a core rod 3, a lower punch 4, and an upper punch 5 as a molding die body. In the embodiment, the die 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a substantially cylindrical core rod 3 is coaxially positioned in the die 2. The lower punch 4 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is fitted between the die 2 and the core rod 3 so as to be vertically movable from below. The upper punch 5 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is fitted between the die 2 and the core rod 3 so as to be movable up and down from above and detachably. A die plate 10 for fixing the die 2 is provided outside the die 2. The die 2 can be fixed to the die plate 10 by a die press or a die holder.

この例の圧粉体等とも称する粉末成形体101は、図４に示すように、円筒形の回転体や軸受となるものであり、軸受の場合、その中央に回転軸が摺動する円筒状の孔たる摺動面102が形成される。そして、ダイ２とコアロッド３と下パンチ４との間に、粉末成形体101の成形部６が形成され、前記ダイ２の内周面７は、成形部６の内周部を形成する部分であって、粉末成形体101の外周面を形成し、前記コアロッド３の外周面８は、成形部６の中央外周部を形成する部分であって、摺動面102を形成し、前記下パンチ４の上面９は、成形部６の底面部を形成する部分であって、粉末成形体101の軸方向一側端面を形成する。尚、このような粉末成形体101は焼結炉（図示せず）で焼結する。   As shown in FIG. 4, the powder molded body 101, which is also referred to as a green compact in this example, is a cylindrical rotating body or a bearing. In the case of a bearing, a cylindrical shape in which the rotating shaft slides in the center. A sliding surface 102 as a hole is formed. A molded portion 6 of the powder molded body 101 is formed between the die 2, the core rod 3, and the lower punch 4, and the inner peripheral surface 7 of the die 2 is a portion that forms the inner peripheral portion of the molded portion 6. Thus, the outer peripheral surface of the powder molded body 101 is formed, and the outer peripheral surface 8 of the core rod 3 is a portion forming the central outer peripheral portion of the molded portion 6, which forms the sliding surface 102, and the lower punch 4 The upper surface 9 is a portion that forms the bottom surface portion of the molded portion 6, and forms one end surface in the axial direction of the powder molded body 101. Such a powder compact 101 is sintered in a sintering furnace (not shown).

図１に示すように、成形金型本体たる前記ダイ２は、前記内周面７を有するダイ本体11と、ダイ中間体12と、ダイ外周体13とを備え、これらダイ本体11，ダイ中間体12及びダイ外周体13は、それぞれほぼ円筒状であって、金属製の金型材からなる。そして、ダイ外周体13内にダイ中間体12を焼嵌し、このダイ中間体12にダイ本体11を焼嵌して固定している。前記ダイ中間体12の外周面12Ｓには、加熱用の熱媒体たる加熱液Ｈまたは冷却用の熱媒体たる冷却液Ｃが選択的に通る通路14を構成する溝15が、螺旋状に形成され、この溝15はダイ２の軸方向にほぼ等間隔で形成され、前記溝15と前記ダイ外周体13の内周面13Ｕとにより前記通路14が形成される。尚、ダイ外周体13内にダイ中間体12を焼嵌することにより、ダイ軸方向に隣り合う通路14，14同士が液密に保たれている。また、この例では、溝15は略半円形状をなし、ダイ軸方向に隣り合う通路14，14の間隔は、該通路14のダイ軸方向寸法以下に設定されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the die 2 as a molding die body includes a die body 11 having the inner peripheral surface 7, a die intermediate body 12, and a die outer periphery body 13. The body 12 and the die outer periphery 13 are each substantially cylindrical and are made of a metal mold material. The die intermediate body 12 is shrink-fitted in the die outer periphery 13, and the die body 11 is shrink-fitted and fixed to the die intermediate body 12. On the outer peripheral surface 12S of the die intermediate body 12, a groove 15 constituting a passage 14 through which a heating liquid H as a heating medium or a cooling liquid C as a cooling medium selectively passes is formed in a spiral shape. The grooves 15 are formed at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction of the die 2, and the passage 14 is formed by the grooves 15 and the inner peripheral surface 13 U of the die outer peripheral body 13. In addition, by die-fitting the die intermediate body 12 in the die outer peripheral body 13, the passages 14 and 14 adjacent to each other in the die axis direction are kept fluid-tight. In this example, the groove 15 has a substantially semicircular shape, and the interval between the passages 14 and 14 adjacent to each other in the die axis direction is set to be equal to or smaller than the dimension of the passage 14 in the die axis direction.

前記通路14の上端14Ａには、横向き部16Ａ、この横向き部16Ａの端部に接続される下向き部16Ｂからなる上側接続通路16が接続され、この下向き部16Ｂの端部には出口側切替手段としての出口側切替バルブ17が接続している。この出口側切替バルブ17は電動式等自動式であって、その1次側17Ａは上端14Ａ側、すなわち後述する加熱液Ｈ又は冷却液Ｃの排出側に接続されている。一方、出口側切替バルブ17の一方の２次側17Ｂには２次側通路18Ａを介して水やシリコーン油等の加熱液Ｈの加熱液供給手段18が接続されている。   Connected to the upper end 14A of the passage 14 is an upper connecting passage 16 comprising a lateral portion 16A and a downward portion 16B connected to the end of the lateral portion 16A. The outlet side switching valve 17 is connected. The outlet-side switching valve 17 is an electrically operated automatic type, and its primary side 17A is connected to the upper end 14A side, that is, a heating liquid H or a cooling liquid C discharge side described later. On the other hand, heating liquid supply means 18 for heating liquid H such as water or silicone oil is connected to one secondary side 17B of the outlet side switching valve 17 via a secondary side passage 18A.

尚、媒体として１００℃未満の温度は水系の熱媒体、それ以上の場合、例えば１５０℃程度であればシリコーン油等の公知の各種熱媒体を使用することで、高温の温間成形にも使用が可能となる。   In addition, the temperature of less than 100 ° C is used as a medium, and if it is higher than that, for example, if it is about 150 ° C, various known heat media such as silicone oil can be used for high temperature warm forming. Is possible.

また、出口側切替バルブ17の他方の２次側17Ｃには２次側通路19Ａを介して水やシリコーン油等の冷却液Ｃの冷却液供給手段19が接続されている。そして、出口側切替バルブ17は後述する制御手段23によって、1次側17Ａを２次側17Ｂか２次側17Ｃのいずれか一方に選択的に接続できるようになっている。尚、出口側切替手段としては電磁弁などの自動切換弁でもよい。   A coolant supply means 19 for coolant C such as water or silicone oil is connected to the other secondary side 17C of the outlet side switching valve 17 via a secondary side passage 19A. The outlet side switching valve 17 can selectively connect the primary side 17A to either the secondary side 17B or the secondary side 17C by the control means 23 described later. The outlet side switching means may be an automatic switching valve such as an electromagnetic valve.

また、前記通路14の下端14Ｂには、横向き部20Ａ、この横向き部20Ａの端部に接続される下向き部20Ｂからなる下側接続通路20が形成され、この下側接続通路20の端部には入口側切替手段としての入口側切替バルブ21が接続している。この入口側切替バルブ21は電動式等自動式であって、その一方の1次側21Ａは加熱液供給手段18が１次側通路18Ｂを介して接続している。入口側切替バルブ21の他方の1次側21Ｂは冷却液供給手段19が１次側通路19Ｂを介して接続している。一方、入口側切替バルブ21の２次側21Ｃには下向き部20Ｂが接続されている。そして、入口側切替バルブ21は制御手段23によって、1次側21Ａか他方の1次側21Ｂのいずれかを２次側21Ｃに選択的に接続できるようになっている。尚、入口側切替手段としては電磁弁などの自動切換弁でもよい。   The lower end 14B of the passage 14 is formed with a lower connecting passage 20 including a lateral portion 20A and a downward portion 20B connected to the end of the lateral portion 20A. Is connected to an inlet side switching valve 21 as an inlet side switching means. The inlet side switching valve 21 is an electric type automatic type, and one of the primary sides 21A is connected to the heating liquid supply means 18 via a primary side passage 18B. The other primary side 21B of the inlet side switching valve 21 is connected to the coolant supply means 19 via the primary side passage 19B. On the other hand, a downward portion 20B is connected to the secondary side 21C of the inlet side switching valve 21. The inlet side switching valve 21 can be selectively connected by the control means 23 to either the primary side 21A or the other primary side 21B to the secondary side 21C. The inlet side switching means may be an automatic switching valve such as an electromagnetic valve.

さらに、制御手段23によって、1次側17Ａが出口側切替バルブ17によって２次側17Ｂのみに接続したときには、1次側21Ａは入口側切替バルブ21によって２次側21Ｃのみに接続できるようになっている。一方、制御手段23によって、1次側17Ａが出口側切替バルブ17によって２次側17Ｃのみに接続したときには、1次側21Ｂは入口側切替バルブ21によって２次側21Ｃのみに接続できるようになっている。   Further, when the primary side 17A is connected only to the secondary side 17B by the outlet side switching valve 17 by the control means 23, the primary side 21A can be connected only to the secondary side 21C by the inlet side switching valve 21. ing. On the other hand, when the primary side 17A is connected to only the secondary side 17C by the outlet side switching valve 17 by the control means 23, the primary side 21B can be connected only to the secondary side 21C by the inlet side switching valve 21. ing.

そして、加熱液供給手段18においては、２次側通路18Ａを介してタンク部18Ｃに回収した低温となった加熱液Ｈをヒータ（図示せず）や熱交換器（いずれも図示せず）によって加熱して、再び１次側通路18Ｂへ吐出できるようになっている。また、冷却液供給手段19においては、２次側通路19Ａを介してタンク部19Ｃに回収した暖められた冷却液Ｃを熱交換器（図示せず）によって冷却して、再び１次側通路19Ｂへ吐出できるようになっている。   In the heating liquid supply means 18, the low-temperature heating liquid H collected in the tank section 18C through the secondary passage 18A is heated by a heater (not shown) or a heat exchanger (none shown). It can be heated and discharged again to the primary passage 18B. In the coolant supply means 19, the warmed coolant C collected in the tank portion 19C via the secondary side passage 19A is cooled by a heat exchanger (not shown), and again the primary side passage 19B. Can be discharged.

尚、加熱液Ｈの温度又は冷却液Ｃの温度は上側接続通路16に設けられ温度センサ22によって設定温度に温度制御される。さらに、前記ダイ２には温度センサ24が設けられ、この温度センサ24は前記ダイ本体11内に設けられて、制御手段23に接続している。尚、制御手段23には、図３に示すように、加熱液供給手段18、冷却液供給手段19、出口側切替バルブ17、入口側切替バルブ21、温度センサ22、ダイ２の温度センサ24などが接続している。   The temperature of the heating liquid H or the temperature of the cooling liquid C is provided in the upper connection passage 16 and the temperature is controlled to a set temperature by the temperature sensor 22. Further, the die 2 is provided with a temperature sensor 24, which is provided in the die body 11 and is connected to the control means 23. As shown in FIG. 3, the control means 23 includes a heating liquid supply means 18, a cooling liquid supply means 19, an outlet side switching valve 17, an inlet side switching valve 21, a temperature sensor 22, a temperature sensor 24 of the die 2, etc. Is connected.

このため、ダイ２の温度センサ24は、制御手段23に測定した温度データを出力し、制御手段23はその温度データに基き、加熱液供給手段18における加熱状態、或いは送り状態等を制御する。この場合、タンク部18Ｃに設けた送り出し用ポンプ（図示せず）や送り込む加熱液Ｈの流量や温度を変えることによりダイ２の温度を制御できる。   For this reason, the temperature sensor 24 of the die 2 outputs the measured temperature data to the control means 23, and the control means 23 controls the heating state or the feeding state in the heating liquid supply means 18 based on the temperature data. In this case, the temperature of the die 2 can be controlled by changing the flow rate and temperature of the feed pump (not shown) provided in the tank portion 18C and the heated liquid H to be fed.

前記原料粉末Ｍとして鉄粉や鉄合金粉などの一般的な金属粉末冶金用のものを用いる。そして、図中の符号31は原料供給体たるフィーダーであり、このフィーダー31は、該ダイ２の上面２Ａに摺動自在に設けられており、このフィーダー31によって原料粉末Ｍを成形部６に落とし込んで充填できるようになっている。   As the raw material powder M, those for general metal powder metallurgy such as iron powder and iron alloy powder are used. Reference numeral 31 in the figure denotes a feeder as a raw material supply body. The feeder 31 is slidably provided on the upper surface 2A of the die 2, and the raw material powder M is dropped into the molding unit 6 by the feeder 31. It can be filled with.

次に前記構成についてその作用を説明する。成形工程においては、制御手段23によって出口側切替バルブ17、入口側切替バルブ21、加熱液供給手段19を制御して、加熱液供給手段18によって事前にタンク部18Ｃで加熱した加熱液Ｈを通路14に流してダイ２の内周面７を所定温度以上に保つように温度センサ24を介して制御する。尚、この際には制御装置23によって、1次側17Ａが出口側切替バルブ17によって２次側17Ｂのみに接続すると共に、1次側21Ａは入口側切替バルブ21によって２次側21Ｃのみに接続している。   Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. In the molding step, the control means 23 controls the outlet side switching valve 17, the inlet side switching valve 21, and the heating liquid supply means 19, and the heating liquid H previously heated in the tank portion 18C by the heating liquid supply means 18 is passed through the passage. The temperature is controlled via a temperature sensor 24 so that the inner peripheral surface 7 of the die 2 is kept at a predetermined temperature or higher. At this time, the control unit 23 connects the primary side 17A only to the secondary side 17B via the outlet side switching valve 17, and connects the primary side 21A only to the secondary side 21C via the inlet side switching valve 21. is doing.

次にダイ２に下パンチ４が嵌合して成形部６が形成されている状態で、フィーダー31が前進して原料粉末Ｍを成形部６に落下させて充填する。そして、フィーダー31が後退し、成形部６の開口部６Ａに上方から上パンチ５を挿入し、上パンチ５と下パンチ４とで挟むようにして原料粉末Ｍを温間成形によって圧縮する。この時、下パンチ４は、下端が固定されており動かないようになっている。尚、前記上パンチ５を成形部６に挿入する前に、ダイ２を下方に移動させるようにしてもよい。   Next, in a state where the lower punch 4 is fitted to the die 2 to form the molded part 6, the feeder 31 moves forward to drop the raw material powder M into the molded part 6 and fill it. Then, the feeder 31 moves backward, and the upper punch 5 is inserted into the opening 6A of the molding unit 6 from above, and the raw material powder M is compressed by warm molding so as to be sandwiched between the upper punch 5 and the lower punch 4. At this time, the lower punch 4 is fixed at the lower end so as not to move. Note that the die 2 may be moved downward before the upper punch 5 is inserted into the molding portion 6.

このようにダイ２が所定温度の状態となっている状態で温間加圧成形された粉末成形体101は、取出工程において、取り出す。この取出工程においては、ダイ２とコアロッド３が下方に下がり、あるいは下パンチ４が上昇し下パンチ４の上面がダイ２の上面２Ａと略同じ高さになったとき取出し可能となり、さらに原料粉末Ｍの成形部６への充填、温間加圧成形、取出しの工程を繰り返すものである。   In this manner, the powder compact 101 that has been warm-pressed while the die 2 is at a predetermined temperature is taken out in the take-out step. In this extraction step, the die 2 and the core rod 3 are lowered downward, or the lower punch 4 is raised and the upper surface of the lower punch 4 becomes substantially the same height as the upper surface 2A of the die 2, and the raw powder The process of filling the molding part 6 with M, warm pressure molding, and taking out is repeated.

このダイ２を利用したすべての温間成形が終了した後、ダイ２をダイプレート10から取り外して交換する場合には、ダイ２が高温であるため冷却する必要がある。この際には制御手段23によって、1次側17Ａが出口側切替バルブ17によって２次側17Ｃのみに接続すると共に、1次側21Ｂは入口側切替バルブ21によって２次側21Ｃのみに接続し、そして冷却液供給手段19によって事前にタンク部19Ｃで冷却した冷却液Ｃを通路14に流してダイ２の内周面７を所定温度以下に保つようにダイ温度センサ24を介して制御する。   After all the warm forming using the die 2 is completed, when the die 2 is removed from the die plate 10 and replaced, it is necessary to cool the die 2 because it is hot. At this time, the control means 23 connects the primary side 17A only to the secondary side 17C via the outlet side switching valve 17, and connects the primary side 21B only to the secondary side 21C via the inlet side switching valve 21. Control is performed via the die temperature sensor 24 so that the coolant C cooled in the tank portion 19C in advance by the coolant supply means 19 flows into the passage 14 and keeps the inner peripheral surface 7 of the die 2 below a predetermined temperature.

そして、低温になったダイ２をダイプレート10より取り外して別のダイ（図示せず）と交換する。この際、出口側切替バルブ17の1次側17Ａを下向き部16Ｂより外し、入口側切替バルブ21の２次側21Ｃを下向き部20Ｂ側より外しておく。   Then, the die 2 whose temperature has become low is removed from the die plate 10 and replaced with another die (not shown). At this time, the primary side 17A of the outlet side switching valve 17 is removed from the downward portion 16B, and the secondary side 21C of the inlet side switching valve 21 is removed from the downward portion 20B side.

以上のように、前記実施例ではダイ２に形成した成形部６に原料粉末Ｍを充填し、成形部６で原料粉末Ｍを圧縮して粉末成形体101を成形する際に、ダイ２の加熱と冷却に加熱液Ｈと冷却液Ｃを用い、加熱液Ｈを事前に加熱液供給手段18によって加熱し、又は冷却液Ｃを冷却液供給手段19によって冷却して温度制御した後、成形直前にダイ２を事前に加熱した加熱液Ｈを使用してダイ２を加熱し、温間成形を行い、成形終了後、事前に冷却した冷却液Ｃを使用してダイ２を冷却することで、加熱手段としてヒータとせず、液体の熱媒体である加熱液Ｈのみでダイ２の加熱を行うことで、昇温時の温度オーバがなくなり、温度分布が不均一になることを阻止でき、ダイ２の温度分布がほぼ均一となった。また、事前に加熱して温度制御した熱媒体である加熱液Ｈを使用することで、昇温時に加熱しすぎることもなくなる。   As mentioned above, in the said Example, when the raw material powder M is filled into the shaping | molding part 6 formed in the die | dye 2, and the raw material powder M is compressed by the shaping | molding part 6, the die | dye 2 is heated. The heating liquid H and the cooling liquid C are used for cooling, and the heating liquid H is heated by the heating liquid supply means 18 in advance, or the cooling liquid C is cooled by the cooling liquid supply means 19 to control the temperature, and immediately before molding. Heating is performed by heating the die 2 using the heating liquid H obtained by heating the die 2 in advance, performing warm forming, and cooling the die 2 using the cooling liquid C cooled in advance after the forming is completed. By heating the die 2 only with the heating liquid H, which is a liquid heat medium, as a means, it is possible to prevent the temperature from being over at the time of temperature rise and to prevent the temperature distribution from becoming uneven. The temperature distribution became almost uniform. In addition, by using the heating liquid H that is a heating medium whose temperature is controlled by heating in advance, excessive heating at the time of temperature rise is prevented.

さらに、成形部６を設けたダイ２に加熱液Ｈと冷却液Ｃの通路14を設けて、成形直前にダイ２を事前に加熱した加熱液Ｈを使用してダイ２を加熱し、温間成形を行い、成形終了後、事前に冷却した冷却液Ｃを使用してダイ２を冷却することで、事前に加熱、または冷却して温度制御した熱媒体である加熱液Ｈ、冷却液Ｃを使用して、加熱時間又は冷却時間を大幅に短縮できる。特に、別途に設けた加熱液Ｈの貯蔵用のタンク部18Ｃ、冷却液Ｃの貯蔵用のタンク部19Ｃにより容易に温度制御できるので加熱能力、冷却能力の制約がなくなる。また、事前に温度制御した加熱液Ｈ、冷却液Ｃを使用することで、加熱、冷却時間が大幅に短縮される。しかも、配線がないため、金型のセットに時間がかかったりすることがなくなる。さらに、金型周辺に電流が流れている部分がなくなるために感電のおそれがなくなる。   Furthermore, the die 2 provided with the molding part 6 is provided with a passage 14 for the heating liquid H and the cooling liquid C, and the die 2 is heated using the heating liquid H obtained by heating the die 2 in advance immediately before molding. After the molding is completed, the die 2 is cooled by using the cooling liquid C that has been cooled in advance, so that the heating liquid H and the cooling liquid C, which are heating media that are heated or cooled in advance, are temperature controlled. In use, the heating time or cooling time can be greatly reduced. In particular, since the temperature can be easily controlled by the separately provided tank section 18C for storing the heating liquid H and the tank section 19C for storing the cooling liquid C, there are no restrictions on the heating capacity and the cooling capacity. In addition, by using the heating liquid H and the cooling liquid C whose temperatures are controlled in advance, the heating and cooling time is greatly shortened. Moreover, since there is no wiring, it does not take time to set the mold. Furthermore, there is no risk of electric shock because there is no current flowing around the mold.

また、ダイ２に設けた成型部６の周囲を囲むように平面円環状に設けた一本状の通路41に、加熱液Ｈの通路41と冷却液Ｃの通路14とを選択的に接続することで、同一の通路14を使用して、加熱液Ｈによりダイ２を加熱して温間成形し、一方、成形終了後においては冷却液Ｃによりダイ２を冷却するようにすることで、加熱液Ｈ、冷却液Ｃのそれぞれの通路は必要でなくなり、通路14を共用することができる。しかも、加熱時の通路14に直接冷却液Ｃを冷却時に流せるので加熱部分から離れた位置で冷却する必要がなくなり、冷却時間の短縮を図ることができる。   Further, the passage 41 for the heating liquid H and the passage 14 for the cooling liquid C are selectively connected to a single passage 41 provided in a planar annular shape so as to surround the periphery of the molding portion 6 provided in the die 2. By using the same passage 14, the die 2 is heated by the heating liquid H and warm-molded. On the other hand, after the molding is completed, the die 2 is cooled by the cooling liquid C. The passages for the liquid H and the coolant C are not necessary, and the passage 14 can be shared. In addition, since the cooling liquid C can be directly flowed through the passage 14 during heating, it is not necessary to cool it at a position away from the heating portion, and the cooling time can be shortened.

さらに、加熱液Ｈの通路14と冷却液Ｃの通路14とを切替弁や電磁弁等の出口側切替手段としての出口側切替バルブ17及び入口側切替手段としての入口側切替バルブ21で切替えて同一の通路14に接続することで、加熱した加熱液Ｈと冷却した冷却液Ｃを切替えることで、簡便に加熱と冷却を切替することができる。   Further, the passage 14 for the heating liquid H and the passage 14 for the cooling liquid C are switched by an outlet side switching valve 17 as an outlet side switching means such as a switching valve or a solenoid valve and an inlet side switching valve 21 as an inlet side switching means. By connecting to the same passage 14, heating and cooling can be easily switched by switching between the heated heating liquid H and the cooled cooling liquid C.

以上のように本発明に係る粉末冶金における温間成形方法及びその金型装置は、各種の用途に適用できる。   As described above, the warm forming method and its mold apparatus in powder metallurgy according to the present invention can be applied to various applications.

本発明の実施例１を示す金型装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the metal mold | die apparatus which shows Example 1 of this invention. 同上、ダイの要部の正面図である。It is a front view of the principal part of die | dye same as the above. 同上、ブロック図である。It is a block diagram same as the above. 同上、粉末成形体の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a powder molded object same as the above.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 成形金型
６ 成形部
14 通路
17 出口側切替バルブ（出口側切替手段）
21 入口側切替バルブ（入口側切替手段）
Ｃ 冷却液（冷却用媒体）
Ｈ 加熱液（加熱用媒体）
Ｍ 原料粉末 1 Mold 6 Molding part
14 Passage
17 Outlet side switching valve (outlet side switching means)
21 Inlet side switching valve (Inlet side switching means)
C Coolant (cooling medium)
H Heating liquid (heating medium)
M Raw material powder

Claims (4)

成形金型に形成した成形部に原料粉末を充填し、前記成形部で前記原料粉末を圧縮して粉末成形体を成形する粉末成形の成形方法であって、
前記成形金型の加熱と冷却に液体の熱媒体を用い、前記熱媒体を事前に加熱又は冷却して温度制御した後、成形直前に前記成形金型を事前に加熱した熱媒体を使用して成形金型を加熱し、温間成形を行い、成形終了後、事前に冷却した熱媒体を使用して前記成形金型を冷却することを特徴とする粉末冶金における温間成形方法。 A molding method of powder molding in which a raw material powder is filled in a molding part formed in a molding die, and the raw material powder is compressed in the molding part to form a powder compact,
A liquid heat medium is used for heating and cooling the molding die, the temperature is controlled by heating or cooling the heating medium in advance, and a heating medium in which the molding die is heated immediately before molding is used. A warm molding method in powder metallurgy, characterized in that a molding die is heated to perform warm molding, and after the molding is completed, the molding die is cooled using a heat medium cooled in advance. 成形部に原料粉末を充填し、前記原料粉末を前記成形部で圧縮して成形する成形金型と、前記成形金型に加熱と冷却の液体の熱媒体の通路を設けて、成形直前に前記成形金型を事前に加熱した熱媒体を使用して金型を加熱し、温間成形を行い、成形終了後、事前に冷却した熱媒体を使用して前記成形金型を冷却することを特徴とする粉末冶金における温間成形金型装置。   The molding part is filled with raw material powder, the molding powder is compressed by the molding part and molded, and a heating and cooling liquid heat medium passage is provided in the molding mold, and the molding powder is immediately before molding. Heating the mold using a heating medium that has been heated in advance, and performing warm molding, and after the molding is completed, the heating mold is cooled using the cooling medium that has been cooled in advance. Warm forming mold equipment in powder metallurgy. 前記加熱用の熱媒体の通路と前記冷却用の熱媒体の通路を選択的に同一の前記通路を使用して、前記加熱用の熱媒体により加熱し、前記冷却用の熱媒体により冷却することを特徴とする請求項２記載の粉末冶金における温間成形金型装置。   The heating heat medium passage and the cooling heat medium passage are selectively heated by the heating heat medium and cooled by the cooling heat medium using the same passage. The warm molding die apparatus for powder metallurgy according to claim 2. 前記加熱用の熱媒体の通路と前記冷却用の熱媒体の通路とをバルブ等の切替手段で切替えて前記同一の通路に接続することを特徴とする請求項３記載の粉末冶金における温間成形金型装置。   4. The warm forming in powder metallurgy according to claim 3, wherein the passage of the heating heat medium and the passage of the cooling heat medium are switched by a switching means such as a valve and connected to the same passage. Mold equipment.
JP2008269104A 2008-10-17 2008-10-17 Warm compacting method in powder metallurgy and die device therefor Pending JP2010094721A (en)

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WO2014014925A3 (en) * 2012-07-17 2014-05-30 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Sample encapsulation system and method
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