JP2010077100A - Anti-filamentous fungus compound derived from allium cepa aggregatum group - Google Patents

Anti-filamentous fungus compound derived from allium cepa aggregatum group Download PDF

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JP2010077100A
JP2010077100A JP2008250654A JP2008250654A JP2010077100A JP 2010077100 A JP2010077100 A JP 2010077100A JP 2008250654 A JP2008250654 A JP 2008250654A JP 2008250654 A JP2008250654 A JP 2008250654A JP 2010077100 A JP2010077100 A JP 2010077100A
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charlotte
saponin
compound
fraction
substance
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Shinichi Ito
真一 伊藤
Magdi El-Sayad
エルサヤド マグディ
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Yamaguchi University NUC
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compound derived from a plant and having high anti-filamentous fungi activities. <P>SOLUTION: The compound is derived from Allium cepa aggregatum group, soluble to alcohol, but insoluble to an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, and has anti-filamentous fungi activities. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、ネギ属植物の一種シャロット(Allium cepa aggregatum group)に由来する抗糸状菌化合物に関し、より詳しくは、シャロット植物体内で生産され、アルコールに溶解性があり、脂肪族炭化水素溶媒に非溶解性で、抗糸状菌活性を有する化合物に関する。   The present invention relates to an antifungal compound derived from an Allium cepa agregatatum group, and more particularly, is produced in a Charlotte plant and is soluble in alcohol and non-aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent. It relates to compounds that are soluble and have anti-fungal activity.

本明細書及び特許請求の範囲において、シャロットとは、Allium属植物のうち、以下の特徴、すなわち染色体の基本数が8で、管状の葉身部を持ち、鱗茎が発達し、垂直方向に短い茎を有するもの(Subgenus Cepa)であって、花色は緑色がかった白色で、葉は出始めのうち扁平または半円筒状で主に4−9枚、広がりのある花被片を持ち、花被片の中肋に沿って緑色を呈する繊維が走り、蜜分泌腺はポケット状で、花茎の下半分には風船状の膨らみを有する(Cepa alliance)という特徴を持ち、かつ分球性を示す(aggregatum group)ネギ属植物をいう(非特許文献1)。   In the present specification and claims, the term “shallot” refers to the following characteristics among allium plants, that is, the basic number of chromosomes is 8, has a tubular leaf blade, develops bulbs, and is short in the vertical direction. Subgenus Cepa, flower color is greenish white, leaves are flat or semi-cylindrical at the beginning and mainly have 4-9 pieces of flower pieces, A green-colored fiber runs along the middle of the piece, the nectar gland is pocket-shaped, the lower half of the flower stalk has a balloon-like bulge (Cepa alliance), and has a centric nature ( aggregatum group) refers to plants belonging to the genus Allium (Non-patent Document 1).

カビやキノコなど、菌糸によりその構造が成り立っている生物群は糸状菌と呼ばれ、土壌中や水中などに広く分布する生物として知られている。糸状菌には抗生物質を生産するものや麹として利用されるものなど、有用な種類もあるが、農業分野においては灰色カビ病、青カビ病、うどんこ病など、植物病害の原因生物として知られており、作物生産における驚異となっていた。これに対抗すべく、抗糸状菌活性を示す種々の化合物が開発され、農薬等として用いられてきているが、近年の食の安全、安心への意識の高まりから、植物など生物由来のものが注目されるようになってきた。そうした化合物や抗菌剤の例として、モッコク由来サポニン(特許文献1)、トリコデルマ属糸状菌を用いた殺菌剤(特許文献2)、渓流中の落ち葉などに生息するトリクラジウム属水生糸状菌に由来する化合物(特許文献3)、リンゴ由来ポリフェノール(特許文献4)、エンテロコッカス属微生物が産生する抗真菌剤(特許文献5)、ラブドシア抽出油を含む抗真菌剤(特許文献6)、ペニシリウム属糸状菌が産生する抗真菌化合物(特許文献7)、植物カルス細胞に糸状菌を接種することで生産される化合物(特許文献8)などが報告されているが、なかなか実用化には結びついていないのが現状であった。   Organisms such as molds and mushrooms whose structure is composed of mycelia are called filamentous fungi and are known as organisms that are widely distributed in soil and water. There are several types of fungi, such as those that produce antibiotics and those that are used as silkworms, but in the agricultural field, they are known as causative organisms for plant diseases such as gray mold, blue mold, and powdery mildew. It was a marvel in crop production. In order to counter this, various compounds exhibiting anti-fungal activity have been developed and used as agricultural chemicals, etc. However, due to the recent increase in awareness of food safety and security, those derived from organisms such as plants have been developed. It has come to be noticed. Examples of such compounds and antibacterial agents are derived from mokoku-derived saponins (Patent Document 1), fungicides using Trichoderma filamentous fungi (Patent Document 2), Tricladium aquatic filamentous fungi that inhabit fallen leaves in mountain streams, etc. Compound (Patent Document 3), Polyphenol derived from apple (Patent Document 4), Antifungal agent produced by Enterococcus microorganism (Patent Document 5), Antifungal agent containing Rabdocia extract oil (Patent Document 6), Penicillium fungus Antifungal compounds to be produced (Patent Document 7), compounds produced by inoculating plant callus cells with filamentous fungi (Patent Document 8), etc. have been reported, but it has not been linked to practical use. Met.

高等植物のうちネギ属植物はフラボノイドや機能性の多糖類など有用成分を多く含んでいることが知られる植物種であり、特に独特の臭いの正体である硫化アリルには殺菌効果があることが知られている。ネギ属植物の持つ殺菌効果を利用する発明として、ニンニク、ラッキョウ、ネギ、タマネギ等のユリ科植物から抽出したエキス、好ましくはこれらの植物体の絞り汁、水抽出液、水蒸気蒸留による香気成分、液化炭酸ガスによる抽出物を含有し細菌やカビの胞子を殺菌する胞子殺菌剤(特許文献9)、タマネギの揮発成分、好ましくはタマネギの破砕物を水戻しして得られる揮発成分を有効成分とする抗菌剤(特許文献10)などが開示されている。しかしながら、これらの発明の多くは植物病原菌に対する活性を持つ化合物という観点ではなく、植物病原菌、特に植物病害の原因となる糸状菌に対して効果を有するネギ属由来の物質については、これまでに報告がなかった。食用のネギ属植物に由来し、安全性の高い新規な抗糸状菌活性を有する化合物が望まれていた。
特開2008−013520 新規サポニン及びその製造方法、並びに抗真菌剤、皮膚化粧料及び飲食品 特開2005−029477 農園芸用殺菌剤組成物 特開2005−218320 新規抗真菌物質FA424A(N)、FA424A(O)、FA424B、及びFA424D 特開2005−330274 植物糸状菌病防除剤、植物糸状菌病の防除方法および肥料 特開2003−306437 抗真菌剤及びその製造方法 特開2001−278803 広域スペクトルの皮膚糸状菌症に対して活性な新規抗真菌性粗生物 特開平9−031087 新規抗生物質p1151 特開平6−245778 抗菌・抗カビ・動物細胞増殖阻害剤の製造方法 特開平6−016514 胞子殺菌剤 特開2007−267639 タマネギの揮発成分及び/又はLF(催涙成分)を有効成分とする抗菌剤及びその利用方法 Fritsch R.M.&Friesen N.2002.Evolution,Domestication and taxonomy.in:Allium Crop Science:Recent Advances.5−30.CAB International. Ito S.−i et al.2007.FEBS Letters 581:3217−3222. Hoagland&Amon.Calif.1950.Univ.Agr.Expt.Sta.Circ.,347:1. Ebrahimzadeh H.&Niknam V.1998.Indian Drugs 35(6):379−381.
Of the higher plants, the Allium plant is a plant species known to contain many useful components such as flavonoids and functional polysaccharides. In particular, allyl sulfide, which has a unique smell, has a bactericidal effect. Are known. As an invention utilizing the bactericidal effect of the genus Allium plant, extracts extracted from lily family plants such as garlic, raccoon, leeks, onions, preferably juices of these plants, water extracts, aroma components by steam distillation, A spore disinfectant containing an extract of liquefied carbon dioxide gas to disinfect bacteria and mold spores (Patent Document 9), a volatile component of onion, preferably a volatile component obtained by rehydrating onion crushed material as an active ingredient An antibacterial agent (Patent Document 10) is disclosed. However, many of these inventions are not in terms of compounds having activity against phytopathogenic fungi, and so far have been reported on substances derived from the genus Allium that are effective against phytopathogenic fungi, particularly filamentous fungi that cause plant diseases. There was no. A compound having high anti-fungal activity that is derived from an edible genus plant and has high safety has been desired.
Patent application title: NOVEL SAPONIN AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME Agricultural and horticultural fungicide composition JP-A-2005-218320 Novel antifungal substances FA424A (N), FA424A (O), FA424B, and FA424D JP, 2005-330274 A, Plant fungal disease control agent, plant fungal disease control method, and fertilizer JP-A-2003-306437 Antifungal agent and method for producing the same JP, 2001-278803, A novel antifungal crude product active against broad spectrum dermatophytosis JP-A-9-031087 Novel antibiotic p1151 Method for producing antibacterial / antifungal / animal cell growth inhibitor JP-A-6-016514 Spore fungicide Antibacterial agent containing volatile component and / or LF (tearing component) of onion as active ingredient and method of using the same Fritsch R.D. M.M. & Friesen N. 2002. Evolution, domestication and taxonomy. in: Allium Crop Science: Regent Advances. 5-30. CAB International. Ito S. -I et al. 2007. FEBS Letters 581: 3217-3222. Hoagland & Amon. Calif. 1950. Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta. Circ. 347: 1. Ebrahimzadeh H. et al. & Niknam V. 1998. Indian Drugs 35 (6): 379-381.

上記の現状に鑑み、本発明は、ネギ属植物由来でかつすぐれた抗糸状菌活性を有する化合物を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above-mentioned present situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a compound derived from a genus Allium and having excellent antifungal activity.

上記課題の解決のため、本発明者らは、植物病原菌の病理機構の解析と植物自身が持つ抗菌、抗糸状菌物質の探索を行い、これまでにトマト由来のサポニンの一種トマチンなどについてその抗糸状菌活性等を明らかにしてきた(非特許文献2)。本発明者らはさらに、産業上利用可能な植物由来の抗糸状菌物質の探索を進め、その中で、熱帯地域原産のネギ属植物の一種で病害に強いシャロット(Allium cepa aggregatum group)に着目するに至った。本発明者らは、ネギ属植物へのフザリウム属糸状菌の感染実験から、特にシャロットがフザリウムの感染に強い特異的な抵抗性を有することを見いだし、更にシャロットの根の抽出物に抗糸状菌活性があること、シャロットの根組織と球根部に強い抗糸状菌活性を有する物質が含まれているという事実を見いだし、これを精製することに成功して、本発明を完成させた。   In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have analyzed the pathological mechanism of plant pathogens and searched for antibacterial and antifungal substances possessed by the plants themselves. The activity of filamentous fungi has been clarified (Non-patent Document 2). The present inventors further searched for an industrially available plant-derived anti-filamentous fungus substance, and among them, focused on an allium cepa aggregatum group that is a kind of the genus Allium plant native to the tropical region and is resistant to disease. It came to do. The inventors of the present invention have found from the experiments of Fusarium filamentous fungi to the genus Allium plants that, in particular, Charlotte has a strong and specific resistance to Fusarium infection. The present inventors have found the activity and the fact that a substance having a strong antifungal activity is contained in the root tissue and bulb part of Shallot and succeeded in purifying it to complete the present invention.

すなわち本発明の第1の態様は、シャロット(Allium cepa aggregatum group)に由来し、アルコールに溶解性があり、かつ脂肪族炭化水素溶媒に非溶解性であって、抗糸状菌活性を有することを特徴とする、化合物を提供する。   That is, the first aspect of the present invention is derived from Shallot (Allium cepa aggregatum group), soluble in alcohol, insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, and having anti-filamentous fungal activity. A featured compound is provided.

本発明の第2の態様は、アルコールがメタノール、エタノール、プロパノール及びブタノールのうち少なくとも1種類である、第1の態様に記載の化合物を提供する。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the compound according to the first aspect, wherein the alcohol is at least one of methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol.

本発明の第3の態様は、脂肪族炭化水素溶媒がヘキサンである、第2の態様に記載の化合物を提供する。   A third aspect of the present invention provides a compound according to the second aspect, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is hexane.

本発明の第4の態様は、糸状菌がフザリウム属糸状菌である、第1から第3の態様のうちいずれか1つに記載の化合物を提供する。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compound according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the filamentous fungus is a Fusarium fungus.

本発明の第5の態様は、第4の態様に記載の化合物を有効成分とする、抗糸状菌剤を提供する。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anti-fungal agent comprising the compound according to the fourth aspect as an active ingredient.

本発明を実施することにより、植物由来の天然性抗糸状菌剤等の製造が可能となる。また本発明は、シャロットというこれまでわが国では利用の進んでこなかったネギ属植物種について、抗糸状菌作用を有する有用化合物の原料という新たな用途を加えるものである。   By carrying out the present invention, it is possible to produce a plant-derived natural antifungal agent or the like. In addition, the present invention adds a new use as a raw material of a useful compound having an anti-filamentous fungus for a plant species of the genus Allium that has not been used in Japan so far.

以下に本発明を実施するための最良の形態を示す。本発明の第1の態様は、シャロット(Allium cepa aggregatum group)に由来し、脂肪族炭化水素溶媒に非溶解性であり、かつアルコールに溶解性であって、抗糸状菌活性を有することを特徴とする、化合物である。シャロットは上記に記載の形態的特徴を有する分球性のタマネギの一種であり、その栽培品種の別などが本発明を限定するものではない。また上記化合物はシャロットの植物体から抽出されるものであるが、下記実施例に示すとおり、根を含む球根部より抽出するのが好ましい。
上記のアルコールについては、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール及びブタノールのうち少なくとも1種類であり、好ましくはメタノールとエタノール、メタノールとプロパノール、メタノールとブタノールの組み合わせが適しており、より好ましくはメタノールとブタノールが適している。
また上記の脂肪族炭化水素溶媒とは、脂肪族炭化水素を主成分とする溶媒であり、水溶性が低いという性質(水溶成分を溶かしにくい性質)を有していれば良く、その炭素数、光学異性などが本発明を限定するものではないが、好ましくはアルカン、より好ましくは炭素数が6のアルカンすなわちヘキサンが適している。
上記性質を併せ持つ化合物は、その化学的性質からシャロットに含まれる未知のサポニンを含むことが考えられる。サポニンは植物が産生するステロイドやトリテルペンの配糖体で、水に溶け発泡作用(界面活性作用)を示す物質を指す。多くの植物から単離精製されているが、その機能はサポニンの種類により様々であり、ある種のサポニンの存在が必ずしも他のサポニンの存在やその機能を予測させるものではない。
The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below. A first aspect of the present invention is derived from Shallot (Allium cepa aggregatum group), is insoluble in an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, is soluble in alcohol, and has anti-filamentous fungal activity. And a compound. Shallot is a kind of sebaceous onion having the morphological features described above, and the cultivar is not intended to limit the present invention. Moreover, although the said compound is extracted from the plant body of charlotte, as shown in the following Example, extracting from the bulb part containing a root is preferable.
The above alcohol is at least one of methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, preferably a combination of methanol and ethanol, methanol and propanol, methanol and butanol, more preferably methanol and butanol. Yes.
The aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent mentioned above is a solvent mainly composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons, as long as it has a property of low water solubility (a property of hardly dissolving water-soluble components), and its carbon number, Although optical isomerism and the like do not limit the present invention, preferably an alkane, more preferably an alkane having 6 carbon atoms, that is, hexane is suitable.
It is considered that a compound having the above properties includes an unknown saponin contained in the Charlotte due to its chemical properties. Saponins are glycosides of steroids and triterpenes produced by plants, and are substances that dissolve in water and exhibit foaming action (surfactant action). Although it has been isolated and purified from many plants, its function varies depending on the type of saponin, and the presence of a certain saponin does not necessarily predict the presence or function of other saponins.

本発明の提供する化合物は、抗糸状菌剤として用いた場合、糸状菌に対してすぐれた抗活性を示すが、ここでいう糸状菌はカビやキノコの仲間であって、作物など有用植物に対して病原性を示すものであり、好ましくは分生子を形成する不完全菌、より好ましくはフザリウム属不完全菌、更に好ましくはFusarium(以下F.とも略す) oxysporum、F.pseudograminearum、F.solani、F.graminearum、F.cortaderiae、F.asiaticum、F.austroamericanum、F.meridionale、F.mesoamericanum、F.boothii、F.acaciae−mearnsii、F.poae、F.nygamai、F.proliferatum、F.sacchari、F.subglutinans、F.lichenicola、F.heterosporum、F.guttiforme、F.sporotrichioides、F.culmorum、F.cerealis、F.lunulosporum、F.venenatum、F.equiseti、F.nisikadoi、より選ばれるフザリウム属不完全菌が好適であり、下記実施例に示す通りF.oxysporumに対しては非常に強い効果を示すため好適である。   The compound provided by the present invention, when used as an anti-filament fungus, exhibits an excellent anti-activity against filamentous fungi, but the filamentous fungus here refers to fungi and mushrooms and is useful for useful plants such as crops. It exhibits pathogenicity, preferably an incomplete bacterium that forms conidia, more preferably an incomplete genus Fusarium, more preferably Fusarium (hereinafter also abbreviated as F.) oxysporum, F. pseudogramaminerum, F.M. solani, F.M. graminearum, F.M. cortadeliae, F.C. asiaticum, F.A. austroamericanum, F.A. meridionale, F.M. mesoamericanum, F.M. bootii, F.M. acaciae-meansii, F.A. poae, F.M. nygamai, F.M. proliferatorum, F.M. sacchari, F.M. subglutinans, F.M. richicola, F.M. heterosporum, F.H. guttiforme, F.A. sporotrichioides, F.M. culmorum, F.M. cerealis, F.M. luminosporum, F.M. venenatum, F.M. equiseti, F.M. Nisikadoi, a Fusarium incomplete bacterium selected from, is preferable. It is suitable for oxysporum because it shows a very strong effect.

本発明はまた、シャロット植物体からの抗糸状菌活性成分の抽出・精製方法も含むものである。下記実施例に示すとおり、
(1):植物体の破砕または磨砕
(2):工程(1)で得られた破砕物に、脂肪族炭化水素溶媒、好ましくはヘキサンを加え、同溶媒に溶解性を有する物質を除去
(3):工程(2)で脂溶性物質を除去した後、残留物にアルコール溶媒A、好ましくはメタノールを加えて、同溶媒に溶解性の物質を抽出
(4):工程(3)で得られた抽出物から乾燥等によりアルコール溶媒を除き、残留物を水に溶解し、ここにアルコール溶媒B、好ましくはブタノールを加えて、同溶媒に溶解性の物質を水溶液から逆抽出。
(5):吸引乾燥等によりアルコール溶媒を除去し、目的とする化合物を得る
の各工程を行うことにより、シャロット植物体から目的の化合物を抽出・精製することが可能である。上記工程において、アルコール溶媒Aとアルコール溶媒Bは同じでも良いし、異なるものを組み合わせても良い。
The present invention also includes a method for extracting and purifying anti-filamentous active ingredients from a Charlotte plant. As shown in the examples below,
(1): Crushed or ground plant body (2): An aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, preferably hexane, is added to the crushed material obtained in step (1) to remove substances soluble in the solvent. 3): After removing the fat-soluble substance in step (2), alcohol solvent A, preferably methanol, is added to the residue to extract a substance soluble in the solvent (4): obtained in step (3) The alcohol solvent was removed from the extract by drying, etc., the residue was dissolved in water, and alcohol solvent B, preferably butanol, was added thereto, and a substance soluble in the solvent was back extracted from the aqueous solution.
(5): The target compound can be extracted and purified from the charlotte plant by performing each step of removing the alcohol solvent by suction drying or the like to obtain the target compound. In the above process, the alcohol solvent A and the alcohol solvent B may be the same, or different ones may be combined.

さらに本発明は、上記化合物を含み抗糸状菌効果を有する殺生物剤もまた含むものである。本発明の提供する化合物は吸引乾燥などで粉末状にすることができ、またこの粉末は水やジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)によく溶けるため、これを含んだ殺生物剤の態様としても利用可能である。化合物の量としては、下記実施例に示すとおり、10μg/ml〜100μg/mlの範囲内、好ましくは20μg/ml〜30μg/mlの範囲内で含まれていれば、糸状菌、好ましくはフザリウム属糸状菌の感染に対して良好な結果が得られると期待される。上記殺生物剤は本発明の化合物を単独で含んでいても良いし、他の化合物と組み合わせても良い。また下記実施例に示すとおり、本発明の提供する化合物を有効成分とする抗糸状菌剤を、作物に対して対症的にまたは予防的に用いることも可能である。以下に本発明の実施例を示すが、本発明は実施例にのみ限定されるものではない。   Furthermore, the present invention also includes a biocide containing the above compound and having an antifungal effect. The compound provided by the present invention can be made into a powder form by suction drying or the like, and since this powder dissolves well in water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), it can be used as an embodiment of a biocide containing the compound. . As the amount of the compound, as shown in the following examples, if it is contained within the range of 10 μg / ml to 100 μg / ml, preferably within the range of 20 μg / ml to 30 μg / ml, filamentous fungi, preferably Fusarium Good results are expected for infection with filamentous fungi. The biocide may contain the compound of the present invention alone or in combination with other compounds. In addition, as shown in the following examples, an antifungal agent containing the compound provided by the present invention as an active ingredient can be used symptomatically or prophylactically for crops. Examples of the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

(材料)植物材料として、シャロット(Allium cepa aggregatum group)タイ株を用いた。またシャロット抽出物の効果検証実験に供するために、ネギ(A.fistulosum)Y14株を用いた。   (Materials) Strain (Allium cepa aggregatum group) Thai strain was used as a plant material. In addition, A. fistulosum Y14 strain was used for the effect verification experiment of the charlotte extract.

(シャロットのフザリウム属糸状菌に対する抵抗性の検証)ネギ及びシャロット水耕栽培系を用い、両植物のフザリウム属糸状菌に対する抵抗性を検証した。20−30cm長に成長したネギ及びシャロットの球根部分を次亜塩素酸ナトリウム溶液(1%)で洗い、次いで80%エタノールで洗い、最後に蒸留水でリンスして表面を滅菌した。滅菌した球根を予め滅菌した広口試験管内の水耕栽培用円形ペレット(ハイドロボール;ダイソー社製)の上部に置き、10mlの2倍希釈Hoagland水耕栽培溶液(非特許文献3)を加えた。試験管を28℃、16時間明期/8時間暗期の光条件下で栽培し、1週間に2回程度の割合で水耕栽培溶液を加え、10mlのレベルを保つようにした。20日後、病原性糸状菌として、タマネギ乾腐病の原因菌であるF.oxysporum(以下FOとも略す)21株を用い、感染実験を行った。同株由来の胞子(1x10 個)を1mlの蒸留水に懸濁したものを水耕栽培溶液に加え、対照としては1mlの蒸留水のみを添加したものを用意した。FO添加後も上記と同様の条件下で栽培を継続し、1,3,8,16,28日後にシャロットを収穫して植物体の状態及びFOの生育状況などを検証した。FOの生育状況はトリパンブルー染色の後に光学顕微鏡観察を行うことで検証した。 (Verification of resistance of charlotte to Fusarium filamentous fungi) The resistance to Fusarium filamentous fungi of both plants was verified using a leek and a Charlotte hydroponic culture system. The leek and shallot bulbs grown 20-30 cm long were washed with sodium hypochlorite solution (1%), then with 80% ethanol, and finally rinsed with distilled water to sterilize the surface. The sterilized bulb was placed on top of a circular pellet for hydroponics (Hydroball; manufactured by Daiso Corporation) in a preliminarily sterilized wide-mouth test tube, and 10 ml of 2-fold diluted Hoagland hydroponics solution (Non-patent Document 3) was added. The test tube was cultivated under light conditions of 28 ° C., 16 hours light period / 8 hours dark period, and a hydroponic solution was added at a rate of about twice a week so as to maintain a level of 10 ml. Twenty days later, as pathogenic filamentous fungi, F. is a causative fungus of onion dry rot. Infection experiments were conducted using 21 strains of oxysporum (hereinafter also abbreviated as FO). A suspension obtained by suspending spores (1 × 10 7 ) derived from the same strain in 1 ml of distilled water was added to the hydroponic culture solution, and as a control, only 1 ml of distilled water was added. After addition of FO, cultivation was continued under the same conditions as above, and after 1, 3, 8, 16, and 28 days, the charlotte was harvested to verify the state of the plant body and the growth status of FO. The growth status of FO was verified by optical microscope observation after trypan blue staining.

図1に、シャロット水耕栽培試験の結果を示す。aが対照を、bがFO添加のそれぞれの(〜28日後)の様子であり、FOを添加したシャロットも対照と同様によく成長していることを示している。図2は栽培終了時における対照とFO添加の植物体をその根に着目して比較したものであり、左側Cが対照を、右側TがFOを添加したものをそれぞれ示している。図から明らかな通り、FOの添加によってもシャロットの成長に影響は見られず、シャロットがFOに対して高い抵抗性を有していることが示された。
図3は、FO添加後のネギ及びシャロットの根組織を光学顕微鏡(オリンパスBH−2)で観察したものであり、A−Dはシャロットのサンプル、E,Fはネギのサンプルである。図が示すとおり、シャロット根組織においてはFOの増殖が少なく、FOが発芽してもその菌糸が表面のみにとどまっており(A,C,D)、発芽していないもの(B)も観察された。一方、ネギでは根表面での増殖が顕著であり(E、F)、FOの組織内への侵入も観察された(E)。この結果から、ネギ属植物の中でも特にシャロットが、FOに対して強い抵抗性を持つことが示された。
In FIG. 1, the result of a Charlotte hydroponic cultivation test is shown. a is the control and b is the state of each addition of FO (-28 days later), indicating that the FO-added Charlotte is growing as well as the control. FIG. 2 is a comparison of the control and the FO-added plant at the end of cultivation, focusing on the roots, with the left C showing the control and the right T showing the addition of FO. As is apparent from the figure, the addition of FO did not affect the growth of the charlotte, indicating that the charlotte has a high resistance to the FO.
FIG. 3 is an observation of the root tissue of leek and shallot after addition of FO with an optical microscope (Olympus BH-2), where AD is a sample of Charlotte and E and F are samples of leek. As shown in the figure, in the Charlotte root tissue, the growth of FO is small, and even when FO germinates, the hyphae remain only on the surface (A, C, D), and those that have not germinated (B) are also observed. It was. On the other hand, in the leeks, proliferation on the root surface was remarkable (E, F), and FO entry into the tissue was also observed (E). From this result, it was shown that especially among all genus plants, Charlotte has strong resistance to FO.

(シャロット根組織からの浸出物のFOに対する効果)シャロットにFOに対する高い抵抗性が見いだされたため、その抵抗性に寄与する物質の特定を試みた。植物体からの成分の抽出は以下の手順で行った。
植物体のすり潰し→n−ヘキサンによる非極性画分の抽出→ヘキサン添加後の残留物にメタノールを加え抽出→抽出物を乾燥し蒸留水に懸濁させ、水−ブタノールで分画→ブタノール画分、水溶性画分を得る
この手順により非極性画分、ブタノール画分、水溶性画分(極性画分)の3種類を得た。ただし根組織からの浸出成分についてはn−ヘキサンによる抽出を省略している。
シャロットがFOの根からの感染を阻害したため、根組織の浸出物にFOに対する抵抗性を担う物質が含まれていることが考えられた。この可能性を検証するため、水耕栽培終了後の培養液を回収し、一部は凍結乾燥させて水溶性画分を得、一部はブタノールによる抽出を行ってブタノール画分を得た。他の植物での研究から、ブタノール画分には抗菌・抗真菌活性があるサポニン(Saponin)が含まれていることが予測され、ブタノール画分を仮に「サポニン様物質画分」としてこの画分の機能を中心に検討した。以後この画分に含まれる化合物を、サポニン様物質ともいう。
(Effect of exudate from charlotte root tissue on FO) Since high resistance to FO was found in charlotte, an attempt was made to identify a substance that contributes to the resistance. Extraction of the components from the plant body was performed by the following procedure.
Trituration of plant → Extraction of non-polar fraction with n-hexane → Extraction by adding methanol to the residue after addition of hexane → Dry the extract, suspend in distilled water, fractionation with water-butanol → Butanol fraction Obtaining a water-soluble fraction By this procedure, three types were obtained: a non-polar fraction, a butanol fraction, and a water-soluble fraction (polar fraction). However, extraction with n-hexane is omitted for the leaching component from the root tissue.
Since Shallot inhibited the infection from the root of FO, it was considered that the exudate of the root tissue contained a substance responsible for resistance to FO. In order to verify this possibility, the culture broth after completion of hydroponics was collected, partly freeze-dried to obtain a water-soluble fraction, and partly extracted with butanol to obtain a butanol fraction. Research on other plants predicts that the butanol fraction contains saponin with antibacterial and antifungal activity. The butanol fraction is tentatively designated as the “saponin-like substance fraction”. We focused on the function of. Hereinafter, the compound contained in this fraction is also referred to as a saponin-like substance.

それぞれの画分に含まれる成分を明らかにするため、薄層クロマトグラフィー(TLC)による分析、及び分光光度分析(非特許文献4)を行った。クロマトグラフィーの概要は以下の通りである:対象とする画分のDMSO溶解液をTLC板上にスポットして乾燥させ、クロロホルム:メタノール:水=6:3:1の展開溶液を用いて展開させた。展開後のTLC板にEhrlich試薬またはp−アニスアルデヒド試薬を加え、100℃で10分間加熱して対象画分に含まれる化合物を検出した。
図4に、FO処理したシャロットと対照のシャロットの根組織浸出物のブタノール画分のクロマトグラフィーの結果を示す。各レーンは以下のサンプルを流したものである:レーン1、菌接種培溶液(接種直後);2、菌接種培溶液(28日後);3、非接種対照区(1日);4、接種区(1日);5、非接種対照区(3日);6、接種区(3日);7、非接種対照区(8日);8、接種区(8日);9、非接種対照区(16日);10、接種区(16日);11、非接種対照区(28日);12、非接種対照区(28日);13、シャロット根組織抽出物。
この結果から、根組織浸出物中に含まれるサポニン様物質は、FO処理後に時間とともに増加しており、この化合物がFOの感染に対する防御機構として働いていることが示唆された。
また図5に、FO処理したシャロットと対照のシャロットの根組織浸出物由来のサポニン様物質の分光光度分析の結果を示す。グラフ横軸「Control」は対照を、「FO treat」はFO処理を示し、1d、3d・・・はそれぞれ処理後の経過日数を示す。またグラフ縦軸はブタノール画分に含まれるサポニン様物質量(μg/10ml)を表す。グラフ中の矢印(↓)で示す通り、FO処理後3日後にサポニン様物質量は対照の5−6倍のレベルを示し、このレベルでシャロットがFOへの抵抗性を有していることから、本発明の化合物は20μg/ml(200μg/10ml)〜30μg/ml(300μg/10ml)の範囲内の濃度であれば十分な効果を有することが示された。
In order to clarify the components contained in each fraction, analysis by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrophotometric analysis (Non-patent Document 4) were performed. The outline of the chromatography is as follows: DMSO solution of the target fraction is spotted on a TLC plate, dried, and developed using a developing solution of chloroform: methanol: water = 6: 3: 1. It was. An Ehrlich reagent or p-anisaldehyde reagent was added to the developed TLC plate and heated at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes to detect the compound contained in the target fraction.
FIG. 4 shows the chromatographic results of the butanol fraction of root tissue exudates from FO-treated and control Charlotte. Each lane is a flow of the following samples: Lane 1, Bacterial inoculation medium solution (immediately after inoculation); 2, Bacterial inoculation medium solution (28 days later); 3, Non-inoculated control group (1 day); 4, Inoculation 5, non-inoculated control group (3 days); 6, inoculated group (3 days); 7, non-inoculated control group (8 days); 8, inoculated group (8 days); 9, non-inoculated Control group (16 days); 10, inoculated group (16 days); 11, non-inoculated control group (28 days); 12, non-inoculated control group (28 days); 13, charlotte root tissue extract.
From this result, the saponin-like substance contained in the root tissue exudate increased with time after the FO treatment, suggesting that this compound works as a defense mechanism against FO infection.
FIG. 5 shows the results of spectrophotometric analysis of saponin-like substances derived from the root tissue exudate of FO-treated Charlotte and control Charlotte. The horizontal axis “Control” on the graph indicates the control, “FO treat” indicates the FO treatment, and 1d, 3d,... Indicate the elapsed days after the treatment, respectively. The vertical axis of the graph represents the amount of saponin-like substance (μg / 10 ml) contained in the butanol fraction. As shown by the arrow (↓) in the graph, the amount of saponin-like substance shows a level 5-6 times that of the control 3 days after the FO treatment, and the Charlotte has resistance to FO at this level. It was shown that the compound of the present invention has a sufficient effect when the concentration is in the range of 20 μg / ml (200 μg / 10 ml) to 30 μg / ml (300 μg / 10 ml).

(シャロット根組織浸出物のネギに対する効果)シャロット根組織浸出物中にサポニンと考えられる化合物が含まれていたことから、この化合物の植物病害に対する抗活性を検証した。材料としてネギ(A.fistulosum)及びネギに感染性のあるFO22株を用い、以下の検討を行った:
ネギ種子の表面を予め滅菌(方法)し、感染区として一部をFO22株の胞子が含まれる懸濁液(10個/ml)に2時間浸し、残りを対照とした。感染区、対照のそれぞれの種子をプラスチックトレイ中の土に蒔いた(1セルあたり5〜8個、3反復)。感染区については更に2つに分割し、一方には1mlのシャロット根組織浸出物の凍結乾燥物を蒸留水で溶かしたもの(サポニン様物質;50μg/ml)を滴下し感染−サポニン区とし、もう一方には1mlの蒸留水を加えた。播種後、トレイを30℃、16時間明期/8時間暗記の光条件下においてネギを栽培し、2日後〜60日後にそれぞれの条件における生き残りや生育状況を調べた。
(Effect of charlotte root tissue exudate on leek) Since the compound considered to be saponin was contained in the charlotte root tissue exudate, the anti-activity of this compound against plant diseases was verified. The following investigations were performed using leeks (A. fistulosum) and FO22 strains that are infectious to leeks as materials:
Presterilized the surface of leek seeds (method), soaked 2 hours part to the suspension (10 6 cells / ml) containing the spores FO22 strain as infection Ward, served as controls the rest. Seeds of each of the infected group and the control were sown on soil in a plastic tray (5 to 8 per cell, 3 repetitions). The infected area was further divided into two, and one of them was lyophilized 1 ml of charlotte root tissue exudate dissolved in distilled water (saponin-like substance; 50 μg / ml) to give an infected-saponin area. On the other side, 1 ml of distilled water was added. After sowing, the green onions were cultivated under light conditions of 30 ° C., 16 hours light period / 8 hours memorization, and survival and growth conditions under each condition were examined after 2 days to 60 days.

下記表1に、対照区、感染区、感染−サポニン区の種子の生存状況を、%で示した。ここで生存は対象区と同様の外観を、死亡は地上部の乾燥・消失を指標とした。対照区では8日後までは100%が生存し、18日後には84.4%が、60日後には79.5%が生存していた。一方感染区では、2日後に既に13%が死亡し、その後も死亡個体数が増えて、60日後にはわずかに4.2%しか生存していなかった。これに対して、FO処理後にサポニン様物質で処理をしたものについては、18日後でも対照区とほぼ同じ84.1%が生存しており、60日後でも68.3%が生存していた。これによりシャロット根組織浸出物がFOの感染とそれに起因する実生の生育障害にきわめて高い効果を有することが示された。
図6は、上記の試験の60日後における実生の生育状況を示すものである。図中対照区、感染区、感染−サポニン区は上記の条件と一致しており、FO感染区の生育が著しく悪い一方で、FOを感染させてもシャロット根組織浸出物を添加することで、対照区にも劣らない生育を示すという効果が明らかとなった。
Table 1 below shows the survival status of the seeds in the control group, the infected group, and the infected-saponin group in%. Here, the survival was the same appearance as the target area, and the death was the dryness / disappearance of the above-ground part. In the control group, 100% survived after 8 days, 84.4% after 18 days, and 79.5% after 60 days. On the other hand, in the infected area, 13% died already after 2 days, and the number of deaths increased after that, and only 4.2% survived after 60 days. On the other hand, 84.1% of those treated with the saponin-like substance after FO treatment survived almost the same as the control group even after 18 days, and 68.3% survived after 60 days. Thus, it was shown that the charlotte root tissue exudate had a very high effect on FO infection and seedling growth damage caused thereby.
FIG. 6 shows the growth of seedlings 60 days after the above test. In the figure, the control group, the infected group, and the infection-saponin group are consistent with the above conditions, and while the growth of the FO infected group is remarkably bad, even if FO is infected, the addition of the charlotte root tissue exudate, The effect of showing growth not inferior to the control plot was revealed.

(シャロット球根部からのサポニン様物質の抽出)シャロット根組織からの浸出物に有用なサポニン様物質が含まれていたことから、スケールアップのためシャロット植物体からのサポニン様物質の抽出を検討した。湿重量20gのシャロット球根部を液体窒素中ですり潰し、粉状にしたものに100mlのn−ヘキサン(3×)を加え、十分に撹拌した後にヘキサン画分を吸引乾燥にて濃縮して、非極性の代謝物(脂肪画分)を得た。残留物(シャロット球根部の脱脂物)に、100mlの70%メタノール(3×)を加え、これをろ過してメタノール画分を得た。ろ過物を吸引乾燥し、100mlの蒸留水に懸濁させ、懸濁物を水と100mlのn−ブタノールの間で分画した。このうちブタノール画分を分液漏斗で更に分画し、この操作を3回くり返した。こうして得られたブタノール画分を吸引乾燥し、3回分を合わせてサポニン様物質画分(S)とした。水画分については凍結乾燥を行い、極性代謝物を含む水溶性画分(P)を得た。   (Extraction of saponin-like substance from charlotte bulb) Since saponin-like substance contained in the exudate from charlotte root tissue, extraction of saponin-like substance from charlotte plant was examined for scale-up. . Crush a 20 g wet weight bulb in liquid nitrogen, add 100 ml of n-hexane (3 ×) to the powdered form, and after stirring well, concentrate the hexane fraction by suction drying. A polar metabolite (fat fraction) was obtained. 100 ml of 70% methanol (3 ×) was added to the residue (degreased portion of the charlotte bulb), and this was filtered to obtain a methanol fraction. The filtrate was sucked dry and suspended in 100 ml distilled water, and the suspension was partitioned between water and 100 ml n-butanol. Of these, the butanol fraction was further fractionated with a separatory funnel, and this operation was repeated three times. The butanol fraction thus obtained was sucked and dried, and the three batches were combined to obtain a saponin-like substance fraction (S). The water fraction was freeze-dried to obtain a water-soluble fraction (P) containing a polar metabolite.

(抗糸状菌活性の検討−寒天培地上)上記方法にて得られた脂肪画分、サポニン様物質画分、水溶性画分のそれぞれについて、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)に懸濁し、100μg相当量を直径0.6cmの円形ろ紙にしみ込ませた。糸状菌としては植物病原性糸状菌として知られるF.oxysporumに着目し、宿主(感染する植物)が異なる36種類の株を用いた。PDA寒天培地(potato extract 4g/l、Dextrose 20g/l、agar 15g/l、pH 5.5)を含むペトリ皿中において、FOの各株を25℃で終夜培養し、胞子形成させた。この状態で各画分をしみ込ませた上記円形ろ紙及び対照として蒸留水をしみ込ませた円形ろ紙を生育したカビの上に置き、カビの生育阻害効果を検討した。効果はろ紙を置いてから1日後〜4日後まで観察した。   (Investigation of anti-filamentous activity-on agar medium) Each of the fat fraction, the saponin-like substance fraction, and the water-soluble fraction obtained by the above method is suspended in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and an amount equivalent to 100 μg is obtained. A 0.6 cm diameter circular filter paper was soaked. As the filamentous fungus, it is known as phytopathogenic filamentous fungus. Focusing on oxysporum, 36 strains with different hosts (infecting plants) were used. Each strain of FO was cultured overnight at 25 ° C. in petri dishes containing PDA agar medium (potato extract 4 g / l, dextrose 20 g / l, agar 15 g / l, pH 5.5) and allowed to form spores. In this state, the circular filter paper soaked with each fraction and the circular filter paper soaked with distilled water as a control were placed on the grown mold, and the growth inhibition effect of the mold was examined. The effect was observed from 1 day to 4 days after placing the filter paper.

(抗糸状菌活性の検討−液体培地中)FO株の胞子を1mlの液体培地に懸濁させ、1晩培養した後、DMSOで溶解したサポニン様物質画分を100μgまたは200μg加えてその生育に対する影響を検討した。対照としては20μlのDMSOを加えたものを用いた。添加後1時間後、6時間における抗糸状菌活性の指標としてEvans blueによる染色を行い、光学顕微鏡を用いて生細胞、死細胞を観察した。これはEvans blueにより死細胞が青色に染色されるという性質を利用したものである。
更に別に調整した上記のセット(100,200,対照)を12時間培養して培養液を観察した。正常なFOは赤色色素を生産するため培養液は濃い赤色を呈する。一方死細胞は赤色色素を生産しないため、培養液の赤色の度合いが生細胞と死細胞の割合を示す指標となる。
(Investigation of anti-fungal activity-in liquid medium) After spore of FO strain is suspended in 1 ml of liquid medium and cultured overnight, 100 μg or 200 μg of saponin-like substance fraction dissolved in DMSO is added to the growth. The impact was examined. As a control, 20 μl of DMSO was added. After 1 hour from the addition, staining with Evans blue was performed as an index of anti-filament activity at 6 hours, and live and dead cells were observed using an optical microscope. This utilizes the property that dead cells are stained blue by Evans blue.
Furthermore, the set (100, 200, control) prepared separately was cultured for 12 hours, and the culture solution was observed. Since normal FO produces a red pigment, the culture is dark red. On the other hand, since dead cells do not produce red pigment, the degree of redness in the culture medium is an index indicating the ratio of live cells to dead cells.

図7に、寒天培地での検討結果の一例を示す。図中Aは非極性画分を、Pは水溶性画分を、Sはサポニン様物質画分を、Cは対照の円形ろ紙をそれぞれ表している。図中囲みで示す通り、Sのサポニン様物質画分において明瞭な抗糸状菌効果(糸状菌の気中菌糸及び胞子形成抑制効果)が観察され、この画分に抗糸状菌活性を有する化合物が含まれることが示された。Aの非極性画分にもSとは抑制の形態は異なるものの抗糸状菌効果(生育抑制効果)が観察され、シャロットにはサポニン様物質以外の抗糸状菌物質が含まれることも示された。水溶性画分、対照では抗糸状菌活性は観察されなかった。   In FIG. 7, an example of the examination result in an agar medium is shown. In the figure, A represents a nonpolar fraction, P represents a water-soluble fraction, S represents a saponin-like substance fraction, and C represents a control circular filter paper. As shown in the box in the figure, a clear anti-fungal effect (inhibition effect on the aerial hyphae and sporulation of filamentous fungi) is observed in the saponin-like substance fraction of S, and a compound having anti-filamentous fungal activity is observed in this fraction. It was shown to be included. An anti-filamentous effect (growth-inhibiting effect) was observed in the nonpolar fraction of A, although the form of inhibition was different from that of S, and it was also shown that charlotte contains anti-filamentous substances other than saponin-like substances. . No anti-fungal activity was observed in the water-soluble fraction and control.

図8に、液体培地での検討(Evans blue染色)の結果の一例を示す。図中A,Bは対照、C,Dはサポニン様物質100μgを加えたもの、E,Fはサポニン様物質200μgを加えたものをそれぞれ表し、左側の列は添加後1時間、右側の列は添加後6時間後の培養液からのサンプルをそれぞれ表している。対照では6時間後でも青色に染色される死細胞が観察されないのに対して、サポニン様物質を添加した系では図中矢印で示す死細胞が6時間後に観察され、200μgでは特にその割合が高かった。この結果から、添加したサポニン様物質が濃度依存的にFOに対して抗活性を示すことが明らかとなった。
図9に、液体培地での検討(赤色色素生産能)の結果の一例を示す。図は試験管中の培養液の外観を示すものであり、左から対照、100μg、200μgの結果である。対照が濃い赤色を呈するのに対して、サポニン様物質添加の培養液では淡い色調を示し、このことはEvans blue染色での検討と同様、サポニン様物質の添加により生細胞の活性が低下したことを表している。また下記表2に、シャロット由来の上記3画分のFOに対する効果(寒天培地での検討の結果)をまとめて示す。表中Aは非極性画分を、Sはサポニン様物質画分を、Pは極性画分を表し、−、+、++、および+++は対照区と比較したときの抗糸状菌効果(気中菌糸、胞子形成抑制、および生育抑制)の強さを表している。表2で示すとおり、本発明の提供するサポニン様物質は複数のFOの株に対して強い抗活性を有しており、この化合物が多くの植物病害の原因となる糸状菌に対して有効であることを示している。
In FIG. 8, an example of the result of examination (Evans blue dyeing | staining) in a liquid culture medium is shown. In the figure, A and B are controls, C and D are those to which 100 μg of saponin-like substance is added, E and F are those to which 200 μg of saponin-like substance is added, the left column is one hour after addition, and the right column is Samples from the culture solution 6 hours after the addition are shown. In the control, dead cells stained in blue are not observed even after 6 hours, whereas in the system to which a saponin-like substance is added, dead cells indicated by arrows in the figure are observed after 6 hours, and the ratio is particularly high at 200 μg. It was. From this result, it was clarified that the added saponin-like substance exhibits anti-activity against FO in a concentration-dependent manner.
In FIG. 9, an example of the result of examination (red pigment production ability) in a liquid culture medium is shown. The figure shows the appearance of the culture solution in the test tube. From the left, the results of the control, 100 μg and 200 μg are shown. In contrast to the dark red color of the control, the saponin-like substance-added culture showed a pale color, which was similar to the study with Evans blue staining, and that the activity of living cells was reduced by the addition of the saponin-like substance. Represents. Table 2 below summarizes the effects of the three fractions derived from Charlotte on the FO (results of examination on an agar medium). In the table, A represents a non-polar fraction, S represents a saponin-like substance fraction, P represents a polar fraction, and-, +, ++, and ++ are anti-filamentous fungi effects (in the air) It represents the strength of mycelia, spore formation inhibition, and growth inhibition. As shown in Table 2, the saponin-like substance provided by the present invention has strong anti-activity against a plurality of FO strains, and this compound is effective against filamentous fungi that cause many plant diseases. It shows that there is.

本発明の提供する化合物(サポニン様物質)を利用することにより、食用の植物に由来する安全な抗糸状菌剤を製造することが可能となる。前記化合物はその効果において広いレンジをもっており、種々の作物に適用可能な汎用的な抗糸状菌剤の開発を可能とするものである。   By using the compound (saponin-like substance) provided by the present invention, it is possible to produce a safe antifungal agent derived from an edible plant. The compounds have a wide range of effects and enable the development of general-purpose antifungal agents applicable to various crops.

シャロット水耕栽培系におけるFOへの抵抗性の検討結果を示す。The examination result of the resistance to FO in a Charlotte hydroponic cultivation system is shown. 図1の水耕栽培系におけるFOへの抵抗性を、根組織に着目して示す。The resistance to FO in the hydroponics system of FIG. 1 is shown by focusing on the root tissue. FO処理をした水耕栽培シャロットの根組織の顕微胸像を示す。The micro-bust of the root structure | tissue of the hydroponic culture shallot which performed FO process is shown. シャロット水耕栽培系における根組織浸出物のクロマトグラフィーの結果を示す。The chromatographic result of the root tissue exudate in a Charlotte hydroponic system is shown. シャロット水耕栽培系における根組織浸出物の分光光度分析結果(含まれるサポニン様物質の量)を、FO処理後の時間経過とともに示す。The spectrophotometric analysis result (amount of saponin-like substance contained) of the root tissue exudate in the Charlotte hydroponic culture system is shown with the passage of time after the FO treatment. シャロット水耕栽培系における根組織浸出物に由来するサポニン様物質の、ネギFO感染に対する効果を示す。The effect with respect to leek FO infection of the saponin-like substance derived from the root tissue exudate in a Charlotte hydroponic culture system is shown. 寒天培地上で培養したFOに対する、シャロット球根由来の各画分の影響を示す。The influence of each fraction derived from Charlotte bulbs on FO cultured on an agar medium is shown. 液体培地中で培養したFOに対する、シャロット球根由来のサポニン様物質の影響を示す(Evans blue染色)。The influence of the saponin-like substance derived from charlotte bulbs on FO cultured in a liquid medium is shown (Evans blue staining). 液体培地上で培養したFOに対する、シャロット球根由来のサポニン様物質の影響を示す(赤色色素生産)。The influence of the saponin-like substance derived from charlotte bulbs on FO cultured on a liquid medium is shown (red pigment production).

Claims (5)

シャロット(Allium cepa aggregatum group)に由来し、アルコールに溶解性があり、かつ脂肪族炭化水素溶媒に非溶解性であって、抗糸状菌活性を有することを特徴とする、化合物。   A compound derived from Shallot (Allium cepa aggregatum group), which is soluble in alcohol and insoluble in an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, and has anti-fungal activity. アルコールがメタノール、エタノール、プロパノール及びブタノールのうち少なくとも1種類である、請求項1に記載の化合物。   The compound according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is at least one of methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol. 脂肪族炭化水素溶媒がヘキサンである、請求項2に記載の化合物。   The compound of claim 2, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is hexane. 糸状菌がフザリウム属糸状菌である、請求項1から請求項3のうちいずれか1項に記載の化合物。   The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filamentous fungus is a Fusarium spp. 請求項4に記載の化合物を有効成分とする、抗糸状菌剤   Antifungal agent comprising the compound according to claim 4 as an active ingredient
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012051834A (en) * 2010-09-01 2012-03-15 Yamaguchi Univ Antibacterial activator containing saponin derived from allium fistulosum. l as active ingredient
JP2013043876A (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-04 Haiponekkusu Japan:Kk Antimicrobial agent for plant pathogenic microbe
CN103155959A (en) * 2013-02-26 2013-06-19 安徽师范大学 Algistat containing terrestrial plants capable of being cultured in water
CN108676735A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-10-19 河南农业大学 A kind of false F.graminearum schw bacteria strain FC136-2A containing huge virus FpgMBV1
CN108676735B (en) * 2018-05-31 2021-05-28 河南农业大学 Fusarium pseudograminearum strain FC136-2A containing giant virus FpgMBV1

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