JP2010071755A - Knocking sensor - Google Patents

Knocking sensor Download PDF

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JP2010071755A
JP2010071755A JP2008238301A JP2008238301A JP2010071755A JP 2010071755 A JP2010071755 A JP 2010071755A JP 2008238301 A JP2008238301 A JP 2008238301A JP 2008238301 A JP2008238301 A JP 2008238301A JP 2010071755 A JP2010071755 A JP 2010071755A
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plate
weight
main body
piezoelectric element
knocking sensor
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JP5133828B2 (en
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Shingo Ito
慎悟 伊藤
Katsuki Aoi
克樹 青井
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Niterra Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a knocking sensor that can appropriately cope with low-volume high-mix production, using a low-cost method. <P>SOLUTION: A spindle 19 is formed by stacking 12 disk-like plate materials 35, each of which has a thickness of 2 mm or less and integrating them. Specifically, one disk-like lid plate 37, 10 disk-like intermediate plates 39, and one disk-like bottom plate 41 are stacked. The outside diameter of the lid plate 37 and bottom plate 41 gripping the intermediate plates 39 is smaller than that of the intermediate plates 39, so that a shape is provided where the angle parts on the both sides of the thickness direction of the outside of the spindle 19 are chamfered. A dimple 43 is formed in each of four places of each plate material 35 at each 90° about the center axis. Thus by pressing dimples 43 of each plate material 35 in the thickness direction, while aligning recessed and projecting parts of them, each plate material 35 can be bonded integrally. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、錘によって押圧した状態で内部に保持した圧電素子により、例えば内燃機関に生じる振動を検出する非共振型ノッキングセンサ等のノッキングセンサに関する。   The present invention relates to a knocking sensor such as a non-resonant knocking sensor that detects, for example, vibration generated in an internal combustion engine by a piezoelectric element held inside while being pressed by a weight.

従来より、例えば内燃機関に発生するノッキングを検出するために、圧電素子を用いたノッキングセンサが開発されている。この種のノッキングセンサとしては、内部に錘等で押圧した圧電素子を保持し、この圧電素子によって内燃機関に生じる振動を検出し、その検出信号を外部に出力する非共振型ノッキングセンサがある。   Conventionally, for example, a knock sensor using a piezoelectric element has been developed to detect knock occurring in an internal combustion engine. As this type of knocking sensor, there is a non-resonant knocking sensor that holds a piezoelectric element pressed inside by a weight or the like, detects vibration generated in the internal combustion engine by the piezoelectric element, and outputs a detection signal to the outside.

一般的に、上述したノッキングセンサは、ボルトが挿通される円筒形状の本体部と、この本体部の一端側に外周壁から外側に張り出す鍔部とを有する支持部材を備えている。
この支持部材には、環状の圧電素子と同じく環状の錘とが本体部に挿通された状態で順に支持部材の鍔部に載置されている。更に、支持部材の鍔部と圧電素子との間、及び圧電素子と錘との間には、圧電素子に発生する検出信号を外部に出力するための出力端子が配置されている。 Generally, the knocking sensor described above includes a support member having a cylindrical main body portion through which a bolt is inserted, and a flange portion projecting outward from the outer peripheral wall on one end side of the main body portion.
On this support member, an annular weight as well as an annular piezoelectric element is placed in order on the collar portion of the support member in a state of being inserted into the main body portion. Furthermore, an output terminal for outputting a detection signal generated in the piezoelectric element to the outside is disposed between the flange portion of the support member and the piezoelectric element and between the piezoelectric element and the weight.

このように構成されたノッキングセンサは、支持部材の本体部に挿通されるボルトによって、内燃機関のシリンダヘッドに装着される。これにより、ノッキングセンサを構成する錘や圧電素子は、内燃機関に発生する振動と一体となって振動し、その結果、出力端子からは内燃機関に発生する振動と同様の波形を有する検出信号が外部に出力される。
特開２００３−９０２４２号公報 The knocking sensor configured as described above is attached to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine by a bolt inserted into the main body of the support member. As a result, the weight and the piezoelectric element constituting the knocking sensor vibrate together with the vibration generated in the internal combustion engine, and as a result, a detection signal having a waveform similar to the vibration generated in the internal combustion engine is output from the output terminal. Output to the outside.
JP 2003-90242 A

ところが、従来のノッキングセンサでは、センサの仕様によっては、錘の大きさ等を変える必要があり、そのため、少量多品種の場合には、プレス加工などの安価な手法が適用できず、切削によって対応していた。   However, with conventional knocking sensors, depending on the sensor specifications, it is necessary to change the size of the weight, etc. Therefore, in the case of a small variety of products, it is not possible to apply an inexpensive technique such as press working, which can be handled by cutting. Was.

本発明は、上記問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、少量多品種生産に対して安価な手法で好適に対応できるノッキングセンサを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a knocking sensor that can suitably cope with low-volume, multi-product production by an inexpensive method.

（１）上記目的を達成するためになされた請求項１記載の発明は、柱状の本体部と該本体部の外周から外側に張り出す鍔部と有する支持部材と、前記本体部の外周側に嵌められ、前記鍔部に載置される圧電素子と、前記本体部の外周側に嵌められ、前記圧電素子に所定の圧力を加えるために、前記圧電素子に載置される錘と、を備えたノッキングセンサにおいて、前記錘は、厚さ２ｍｍ以下の板材を複数枚積層してなることを特徴とする。   (1) The invention according to claim 1, which has been made to achieve the above object, includes a support member having a columnar main body portion, a flange portion projecting outward from the outer periphery of the main body portion, and an outer peripheral side of the main body portion. A piezoelectric element that is fitted and placed on the flange, and a weight that is fitted on the outer peripheral side of the main body and is placed on the piezoelectric element to apply a predetermined pressure to the piezoelectric element. In the knocking sensor, the weight is formed by laminating a plurality of plate materials having a thickness of 2 mm or less.

本発明のノッキングセンサでは、圧電素子に載置される錘として、厚さ２ｍｍ以下の板材を複数枚積層した錘を用いるので、少量多品種の場合でも、プレス加工などの安価な手法を採用できる。   In the knocking sensor of the present invention, a weight obtained by laminating a plurality of plate materials having a thickness of 2 mm or less is used as the weight placed on the piezoelectric element. Therefore, even in the case of a small number of various types, an inexpensive method such as press working can be adopted. .

つまり、本発明では、プレス加工などの簡易な方法で製造した板材を積層して錘を構成できるので、様々なサイズや形状のノッキングセンサに容易に対応できるという効果を奏する。   That is, in the present invention, since the weight can be configured by laminating plate materials manufactured by a simple method such as press working, there is an effect that it is possible to easily cope with knocking sensors of various sizes and shapes.

また、錘自身に各種の機能を持たせる場合、例えば錘に明けられた連通孔を介して樹脂充填を行う機能や、錘自身を直接に支持部材に固定する機能等を持たせる場合には、そのために必要な構造とするために、高度な切削若しくはプレス加工が必要であるが、本発明では、その要求に容易に対応することができる。   In addition, when giving the weight itself various functions, for example, when giving the function of filling the resin through the communication hole opened in the weight, the function of directly fixing the weight itself to the support member, etc. In order to obtain a structure necessary for this purpose, advanced cutting or pressing is required, but the present invention can easily meet the demand.

つまり、錘自身に、例えば樹脂注入などの各種の機能を持たせる場合にも、各機能に対応する形状に加工した個々の板材を組み合わせれば良く、高度な切削などの複雑な加工が不要であるという利点がある。   In other words, even if the weight itself has various functions such as resin injection, it is only necessary to combine individual plates processed into shapes corresponding to each function, and complicated processing such as advanced cutting is not required. There is an advantage of being.

なお、鍔部上には、圧電素子や錘が（直接又は間接的に）順次載置されるが、鍔部と圧電素子との間や圧電素子と錘との間に、絶縁部材や出力端子などが配置される場合も、本発明の範囲である。   In addition, although a piezoelectric element and a weight are sequentially placed on the collar part (directly or indirectly), an insulating member or an output terminal is provided between the collar part and the piezoelectric element or between the piezoelectric element and the weight. And the like are also within the scope of the present invention.

また、以下に、本発明の各構成について説明する。
・前記支持部材としては、例えばＳＷＣＨからなる金属部材を採用できる。
・本体部としては、筒状の構造を採用できる。 Moreover, each structure of this invention is demonstrated below.
As the support member, for example, a metal member made of SWCH can be adopted.
-A cylindrical structure can be adopted as the main body.

・圧電素子としては、例えばＰＺＴの圧電材料からなる圧電体が挙げられる。
・錘の材料としては、例えば５０Ｈ４７０が挙げられる。
・板材の厚みとしては、２ｍｍ以下の範囲で、例えば０．３ｍｍ以上のものを採用できる。また、各板材の厚みは同じでも、異なっていてもよい。板材の枚数としては、板厚にもよるが、例えば２〜２０枚の範囲を採用できる。 -As a piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric material which consists of a piezoelectric material of PZT is mentioned, for example.
-As a material of a weight, 50H470 is mentioned, for example.
-As thickness of a board | plate material, the thing of 0.3 mm or more is employable in the range of 2 mm or less, for example. Moreover, the thickness of each board | plate material may be the same, or may differ. The number of plate materials may be in the range of 2 to 20 sheets, for example, although it depends on the plate thickness.

（２）請求項２の発明では、前記錘は、前記各板材同士が一体に結合された構造であることを特徴とする。
本発明は、錘の好ましい構成を例示したものである。本発明で用いる錘は、各板材同士が一体に結合されたものであるので、ノッキングセンサに組み付ける際の扱い等が容易である。 (2) The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the weight has a structure in which the plate members are integrally coupled.
The present invention exemplifies a preferable configuration of the weight. Since the weight used in the present invention is one in which the respective plate members are integrally coupled, it is easy to handle when assembled to the knocking sensor.

（３）請求項３の発明では、前記各板材は、各板材に形成されたダボにより結合されたことを特徴とする。
本発明では、各板材は、各板材に形成されたダボにより結合されているので、別途結合する部材が不要であり、板材の結合構造を簡易化することができる。例えば、ある板材の凹部に他の板材の凸部を嵌め込むことにより、順次板材を結合して一体の錘を構成することができる。 (3) The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that the plate members are coupled by dowels formed on the plate members.
In the present invention, since the plate members are joined by dowels formed on the plate members, a member to be joined separately is unnecessary, and the joining structure of the plate members can be simplified. For example, by inserting a convex portion of another plate material into a concave portion of a certain plate material, the plate materials can be sequentially coupled to form an integral weight.

なお、各板材をプレス等によって製造する場合に、板材の製造と同時にダボを形成することができる。例えば、プレス機の金型に突起を設けておき、板材の一方の表面を押圧して、その表面に凹部を形成するとともに、この凹部の裏側に凹部の凹んだ分だけ突出した凸部を形成する方法を採用できる。   In addition, when manufacturing each board | plate material with a press etc., a dowel can be formed simultaneously with manufacture of a board | plate material. For example, a protrusion is provided on the die of a press machine, and one surface of the plate material is pressed to form a recess on the surface, and a protrusion protruding by the amount of the recess is formed on the back side of the recess. Can be adopted.

なお、ダボの個数としては、例えば１枚の板材当たり４個を採用できる。
（４）請求項４の発明では、前記板材のうち、前記圧電素子に最も近接した底板の外径が、他の板材の外径より小さいことを特徴とする。 In addition, as the number of dowels, for example, four pieces can be adopted per one plate material.
(4) The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that, of the plate members, the outer diameter of the bottom plate closest to the piezoelectric element is smaller than the outer diameters of the other plate members.

本発明では、圧電素子に最も近接した底板の外径が、他の板材（例えば中間板）の外径より小さいので、面取りと同様な効果が得られる。よって、圧電素子に錘を載置した場合に、圧電素子等が破損し難いという効果がある。   In the present invention, since the outer diameter of the bottom plate closest to the piezoelectric element is smaller than the outer diameter of another plate material (for example, an intermediate plate), the same effect as chamfering can be obtained. Therefore, there is an effect that when the weight is placed on the piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element or the like is hardly damaged.

（５）請求項５の発明では、前記錘は、３枚以上の板材からなり、前記圧電素子から最も離れた蓋板の外径が、前記底板を除いた他の板材の外径より小さいことを特徴とする。
本発明では、圧電素子から最も離れた蓋板の外径が、底板を除いた他の板材（例えば中間板）の外径より小さいので、面取りと同様な効果を奏する。 (5) In the invention of claim 5, the weight is made of three or more plates, and the outer diameter of the cover plate farthest from the piezoelectric element is smaller than the outer diameters of the other plates excluding the bottom plate. It is characterized by.
In the present invention, since the outer diameter of the cover plate farthest from the piezoelectric element is smaller than the outer diameter of other plate materials (for example, an intermediate plate) excluding the bottom plate, the same effect as chamfering is achieved.

（６）請求項６の発明では、前記板材は、前記本体部の外周を囲む環状の形状を有するとともに、該板材のうち、前記錘の板厚方向の両最外側以外の少なくとも１枚の板材には、径方向の内周側と外周側とを連通する連通部を有することを特徴とする。   (6) In the invention of claim 6, the plate member has an annular shape surrounding the outer periphery of the main body portion, and among the plate members, at least one plate member other than both outermost sides in the plate thickness direction of the weight. Is characterized in that it has a communicating portion that communicates the radially inner and outer peripheral sides.

本発明では、前記板材（例えば中間板）に連通部を有するので、ノッキングセンサの内部構造を樹脂の充填により固定する場合に、連通部を介して、板材の外周側から内周側に樹脂を充填することができる。これにより、樹脂充填を好適に行うことができる。   In the present invention, since the plate member (for example, the intermediate plate) has a communication portion, when the internal structure of the knocking sensor is fixed by filling with resin, the resin is supplied from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side of the plate member via the communication portion. Can be filled. Thereby, resin filling can be performed suitably.

なお、例えば環状の板材に連通部を設けることによりＣ字状の形状とし、そのＣ字状の板材の両側に連通部を形成しない環状の板材を積層することにより、環状の錘の外周面から内周面に連通する連通孔を形成することができる。   In addition, for example, by providing a communication portion on an annular plate material, a C-shaped shape is formed, and by laminating an annular plate material that does not form a communication portion on both sides of the C-shaped plate material, from the outer peripheral surface of the annular weight A communication hole communicating with the inner peripheral surface can be formed.

（７）請求項７の発明では、前記板材の内周面には、該内周面から内側に突出して、前記本体部に係止する係止凸部を備えたことを特徴とする。
本発明では、板材の内周面には、内側に突出する係止凸部を備えており、この係止凸部が本体部に係止するので、例えば板材を本体部の外周側に嵌めて押し込むことにより、板材を本体部に固定することができる。 (7) The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the inner peripheral surface of the plate member is provided with a locking projection that protrudes inward from the inner peripheral surface and is locked to the main body.
In the present invention, the inner peripheral surface of the plate member is provided with a locking convex portion protruding inward, and this locking convex portion is locked to the main body portion. For example, the plate material is fitted on the outer peripheral side of the main body portion. By pushing in, the plate material can be fixed to the main body.

この係止凸部としては、板材の内周面に複数形成することができる。また、板材の内周面全体に環状に突出する部分を形成し、この環状の突出部分に切り込みを入れることにより、複数の係止凸部を形成することもできる。   A plurality of the locking projections can be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the plate material. Moreover, the part which protrudes cyclically | annularly in the whole inner peripheral surface of a board | plate material is formed, and a some latching convex part can also be formed by notching this cyclic | annular protrusion part.

以下に本発明の実施形態を図面とともに説明する。
［第１実施形態］
ａ）まず、本実施形態の非共振型ノッキングセンサ（以下「ノッキングセンサ」と略称する）の概略構成を、図１〜図３に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
a) First, a schematic configuration of a non-resonant type knocking sensor (hereinafter, simply referred to as “knocking sensor”) of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

なお、図１はノッキングセンサの外観を示し、図２はノッキングセンサを破断して示す、図３はノッキングセンサの内部構造を分解して示している。
図１に示すように、本実施形態のノッキングセンサ１は、合成樹脂（例えばナイロン６６）製のケース３により覆われている。このケース３は、上部がテーパ状に成形された円柱形状の素子収納部５と、図示しない点火時期制御装置からのコネクタを接続するコネクタ部７とから構成されている。 1 shows the appearance of the knocking sensor, FIG. 2 is a cutaway view of the knocking sensor, and FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the internal structure of the knocking sensor.
As shown in FIG. 1, the knocking sensor 1 of the present embodiment is covered with a case 3 made of a synthetic resin (for example, nylon 66). The case 3 includes a cylindrical element storage portion 5 whose upper portion is formed in a tapered shape, and a connector portion 7 for connecting a connector from an ignition timing control device (not shown).

図２及び図３に示すように、ノッキングセンサ１は、金属材料（例えばＳＷＣＨ３５Ｋ）からなる支持部材９を備えており、支持部材９は、ボルトを挿通するための挿通孔１１を有する円筒形状の本体部１３と、本体部１３の一端側（図２の下側）にて外周壁から外側に張り出す鍔部１５とを備えている。   2 and 3, the knocking sensor 1 includes a support member 9 made of a metal material (for example, SWCH35K), and the support member 9 has a cylindrical shape having an insertion hole 11 for inserting a bolt. A main body 13 and a flange 15 projecting outward from the outer peripheral wall on one end side (lower side in FIG. 2) of the main body 13 are provided.

この支持部材９の鍔部１５の厚み方向の一面（図２の上面）側には、本体部１３の外周側に嵌められる円筒形状で、圧電セラミックス（例えばＰＺＴ）からなる圧電素子１７が載置されている。   On one surface (upper surface in FIG. 2) in the thickness direction of the flange portion 15 of the support member 9, a piezoelectric element 17 made of piezoelectric ceramics (for example, PZT) and having a cylindrical shape fitted on the outer peripheral side of the main body portion 13 is placed. Has been.

また、圧電素子１７の上面側には、本体部１３の外周側に嵌められる円筒形状で、錘としての効果を発揮する比重を有する金属材料（例えば５０Ｈ４７０）からなる錘１９が載置されている。なお、この錘１９は、後に詳述する様に複数の板材から構成されているが、図２及び図３では、板材の構造や枚数を簡略化して示している。   Further, on the upper surface side of the piezoelectric element 17, a weight 19 made of a metal material (for example, 50H470) having a specific gravity that exhibits the effect as a weight is mounted on the outer peripheral side of the main body 13. . The weight 19 is composed of a plurality of plate members as will be described in detail later. In FIGS. 2 and 3, the structure and the number of plate members are shown in a simplified manner.

前記鍔部１５と圧電素子１７との間、及び錘１９と圧電素子１７との間には、導電材料（例えば黄銅）からなる出力端子２１、２３が、それぞれ配置されている。
また、鍔部１５と出力端子２１との間、及び出力端子２３と錘１９との間には、絶縁性を有するフィルム状の合成樹脂（例えばＰＥＴ）からなる絶縁部材２５、２７が配置され、出力端子２１、２３が支持部材９や錘１９と短絡しないようにされている。 Output terminals 21 and 23 made of a conductive material (for example, brass) are disposed between the flange 15 and the piezoelectric element 17 and between the weight 19 and the piezoelectric element 17, respectively.
Insulating members 25 and 27 made of an insulating film-like synthetic resin (for example, PET) are disposed between the flange 15 and the output terminal 21 and between the output terminal 23 and the weight 19. The output terminals 21 and 23 are not short-circuited with the support member 9 and the weight 19.

更に、支持部材９には、金属材料（例えばＳＷＣＨ）からなり、錘１９を鍔部１５方向（同図下方）へ押圧する環状の板バネ２９が取り付けられている。
前記板バネ２９の上部には、ナット３１が配置されており、このナット３１は、本体部１３の外周のねじ部３３に螺合している。 Further, an annular leaf spring 29 made of a metal material (for example, SWCH) is attached to the support member 9 and presses the weight 19 toward the flange portion 15 (downward in the figure).
A nut 31 is disposed on the top of the plate spring 29, and this nut 31 is screwed into a threaded portion 33 on the outer periphery of the main body portion 13.

従って、このナット３１を締め付けることにより、板バネ２９が下方に押圧されるので、板バネ２９により、圧電素子１７や錘１９は、出力端子２１、２３や絶縁部材２５、２７と共に、支持部材９に固定される。   Accordingly, the plate spring 29 is pressed downward by tightening the nut 31, so that the piezoelectric element 17 and the weight 19 together with the output terminals 21 and 23 and the insulating members 25 and 27 are supported by the plate spring 29. Fixed to.

ｂ）次に、本実施形態の要部である錘１９について、図４〜図６に基づいて説明する。
なお、図４（ａ）は錘１９の平面を示し、図４（ｂ）は図４（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’断面を示し、図５は前記Ａ−Ａ’断面を拡大して示し、図６は錘１９を分解して示している。 b) Next, the weight 19 which is a main part of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
4A shows the plane of the weight 19, FIG. 4B shows the AA ′ cross section of FIG. 4A, FIG. 5 shows the AA ′ cross section in an enlarged manner, FIG. 6 shows the weight 19 in an exploded manner.

図４（ｂ）に示すように、前記錘１９は、１枚の厚みが０．５ｍｍの円盤状の板材３５を１２枚積層し、一体に結合したものである。
詳しくは、同図上側の１枚の円盤状の蓋板３７と、１０枚の円盤状の中間板３９と、同図下側の１枚の円盤状の底板４１とが積層されたものである。このうち、中間板３９を挟む蓋板３７と底板４１の外径は、中間板３９の外径より小さいので、錘１９の外側の板厚方向両側（同図上下方向）の角部分が面取りされた形状となっている。 As shown in FIG. 4B, the weight 19 is obtained by laminating 12 disk-shaped plate members 35 each having a thickness of 0.5 mm and integrally joining them.
Specifically, one disk-shaped lid plate 37 on the upper side of the figure, ten disk-shaped intermediate plates 39, and one disk-shaped bottom plate 41 on the lower side of the figure are laminated. . Among these, since the outer diameter of the cover plate 37 and the bottom plate 41 sandwiching the intermediate plate 39 is smaller than the outer diameter of the intermediate plate 39, the corner portions on both sides in the plate thickness direction (the vertical direction in the figure) outside the weight 19 are chamfered. It has a different shape.

また、図４（ａ）に示すように、各板材３５には、中心軸を中心にして９０度毎に４カ所にダボ４３が形成されている。詳しくは、図５及び図６に示すように、蓋板３７及び中間板３９には、プレス加工によって、両図の上面側が凹で下面側がその分だけ下方に凸となったダボ４３が形成されている。なお、底板４１のみはダボ４３が嵌り込む貫通孔４５となっている。   Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, dowels 43 are formed in each plate member 35 at four positions every 90 degrees around the central axis. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lid plate 37 and the intermediate plate 39 are formed with dowels 43 that are concave on the upper surface side and convex downward on the lower surface side by pressing. ing. Only the bottom plate 41 is a through hole 45 into which the dowel 43 is fitted.

従って、各板材３５のダボ４３の凹凸部分の位置を合わせて（但し底板４１はその貫通孔４５と他のダボ４３の位置を合わせて）、板厚方向に押圧することにより、各板材３５を一体結合することができる。   Therefore, by aligning the positions of the concave and convex portions of the dowels 43 of each plate 35 (however, the bottom plate 41 matches the positions of the through holes 45 and the other dowels 43) and pressing each plate 35 in the plate thickness direction. Can be joined together.

このように構成されたノッキングセンサ１は、従来装置と同様に、支持部材９の本体部１３に形成された挿通孔１１に挿通されるボルト（図示せず）によって、図示しない内燃機関のシリンダヘッドに装着され、従来装置と同様に使用される。   The knocking sensor 1 configured as described above has a cylinder head (not shown) of an internal combustion engine (not shown) by a bolt (not shown) inserted into an insertion hole 11 formed in the main body 13 of the support member 9 as in the conventional device. And used in the same manner as a conventional apparatus.

ｃ）次に、本実施形態のノッキングセンサ１の組み立て方法を簡単に説明する。
まず、前記図５に示すように、蓋板３７と中間板３９と底板４１とを、ダボ４３の位置を合わせて組み付け、板厚方向に押圧することにより一体に結合し、錘１９を作製する。 c) Next, a method for assembling the knocking sensor 1 of the present embodiment will be briefly described.
First, as shown in FIG. 5, the lid plate 37, the intermediate plate 39, and the bottom plate 41 are assembled by aligning the positions of the dowels 43, and pressed together in the thickness direction to produce the weight 19 as a unit. .

次に、前記図３に示すように、支持部材９の本体部１３の外周側に嵌めるようにして、鍔部１５上に、絶縁部材２５、出力端子２１、圧電素子１７、出力端子２３、絶縁部材２７、錘１９を順次載置する。   Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the insulating member 25, the output terminal 21, the piezoelectric element 17, the output terminal 23, and the insulating member 25 are formed on the flange portion 15 so as to be fitted to the outer peripheral side of the main body portion 13 of the support member 9. The member 27 and the weight 19 are sequentially placed.

次に、本体部１３に板バネ２９を圧入し、更に、板バネ２９の上にナット３１を嵌め込んで締め付けることにより板バネ２９を押圧する。
これにより、各構成部品（圧電素子１７、錘１９、出力端子２１、２３、絶縁部材２５、２７）は、板バネ２９により鍔部１５に向けて押圧された状態で、支持部材９に固定される。 Next, the leaf spring 29 is press-fitted into the main body 13, and the leaf spring 29 is pressed by inserting and tightening the nut 31 onto the leaf spring 29.
Accordingly, each component (piezoelectric element 17, weight 19, output terminals 21 and 23, insulating members 25 and 27) is fixed to the support member 9 while being pressed toward the flange 15 by the leaf spring 29. The

その後、これらの支持部材９及び構成部品を射出成形用金型で取り囲み、構成部品を覆うように液状樹脂部材（絶縁材料）を射出し固化させることにより、ケース３を形成する。これにより、ノッキングセンサ１が製造される。   Thereafter, the support member 9 and the component parts are surrounded by an injection mold, and a liquid resin member (insulating material) is injected and solidified so as to cover the component parts, thereby forming the case 3. Thereby, knocking sensor 1 is manufactured.

ｄ）この様に、本実施形態のノッキングセンサ１では、圧電素子１７に載置される錘１９として、厚さ２ｍｍ以下の板材３５を複数枚積層した錘１９を用いるので、少量多品種の場合でも、プレス加工などの安価な手法により容易に製造することができる。   d) As described above, in the knocking sensor 1 of the present embodiment, as the weight 19 placed on the piezoelectric element 17, the weight 19 in which a plurality of plate materials 35 having a thickness of 2 mm or less are stacked is used. However, it can be easily manufactured by an inexpensive method such as press working.

また、各板材３５を組み合わせることにより、高度な切削などの複雑な加工をしなくとも、所望の形状の錘１９が得られるという利点がある。
更に、本実施形態では、錘１９はダボ４３により一体に結合されたものであるので、例えば錘１９を支持部材９に組み付ける際の扱い等が容易である。しかも、このダボ４３は、板材３５の製造時に同時に形成できるという利点がある。 Further, by combining the respective plate members 35, there is an advantage that the weight 19 having a desired shape can be obtained without complicated processing such as advanced cutting.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the weight 19 is integrally coupled by the dowel 43, for example, handling when the weight 19 is assembled to the support member 9 is easy. Moreover, the dowels 43 have the advantage that they can be formed simultaneously when the plate material 35 is manufactured.

その上、本実施形態では、中間板３９の外径よりも、蓋板３７及び底板４１の外径を小さくすることにより、切削加工等をしなくとも、面取り形状とすることができる。
なお、蓋板３７としては、例えば図７（ａ）に示す様に、径方向の外側ほど厚みを薄くした蓋板５１を採用したり、例えば図７（ｂ）に示す様に、径方向の内側ほど厚みを薄くした蓋板５３を採用してもよい。 In addition, in the present embodiment, the chamfered shape can be obtained without cutting or the like by making the outer diameters of the cover plate 37 and the bottom plate 41 smaller than the outer diameter of the intermediate plate 39.
As the lid plate 37, for example, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), a lid plate 51 having a smaller thickness toward the outer side in the radial direction is adopted, or, for example, as shown in FIG. You may employ | adopt the cover plate 53 which made thickness thin toward the inner side.

また、図８に示すように、支持部材６１の鍔部６３上に、絶縁部材６５、出力端子６７、圧電素子６９、出力端子７１、錘７３、板バネ７５、ナット７７を順次積層配置する構成を採用できる。この場合には、錘７３と出力端子７１との間に、前記実施形態のような絶縁部材を使用しないが、エンジンブロックにアースする構成であるので、特に支障はない。
［第２実施形態］
次に第２実施形態について説明するが、前記第１実施形態と同様な内容の説明は簡略化する。 Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the insulating member 65, the output terminal 67, the piezoelectric element 69, the output terminal 71, the weight 73, the leaf spring 75, and the nut 77 are sequentially stacked on the flange portion 63 of the support member 61. Can be adopted. In this case, the insulating member as in the above embodiment is not used between the weight 73 and the output terminal 71, but there is no particular problem because it is configured to be grounded to the engine block.
[Second Embodiment]
Next, the second embodiment will be described, but the description of the same contents as the first embodiment will be simplified.

本実施形態のノッキングセンサは、第１実施形態のノッキングセンサとは、特に錘の構成が異なっている。
図９に示す様に、本実施形態のノッキングセンサ８１は、前記第１実施形態とほぼ同様に、本体部８３及び鍔部８５からなる支持部材８７を備えており、その鍔部８５の上に、絶縁部材８９、出力端子９１、圧電素子９３、出力端子９５、（板材９６からなる）錘９７が順次載置され、板バネ９９及びナット１０１により、一体に固定されたものである。 The knocking sensor of the present embodiment is particularly different from the knocking sensor of the first embodiment in the configuration of the weight.
As shown in FIG. 9, the knocking sensor 81 of the present embodiment includes a support member 87 composed of a main body portion 83 and a flange portion 85, as in the first embodiment, and on the flange portion 85. The insulating member 89, the output terminal 91, the piezoelectric element 93, the output terminal 95, and the weight 97 (consisting of a plate material 96) are sequentially placed and fixed integrally by a leaf spring 99 and a nut 101.

特に、本実施形態では、図１０及び図１１に示す様に、ダボ１０３により一体化された環状の錘９７の側壁１０５を貫くように、即ち錘９７の外周面と内周面とを連通するように、側壁１０５の１箇所に中心軸に対して垂直に径方向に延びる連通孔１０７が形成されている。   In particular, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the weight 97 are communicated so as to penetrate the side wall 105 of the annular weight 97 integrated by the dowel 103. Thus, a communication hole 107 extending in the radial direction perpendicular to the central axis is formed at one location of the side wall 105.

詳しくは、錘９７は、図１１（ｂ）に示す様に、（第１実施形態と同様な）環状の蓋板１０９及び底板１１１の間に、一部が開口した形状のＣ字状の中間板１１３（図１２参照）が積層配置されたものである。このＣ字状の中間板１１３には、その１箇所に外周面と内周面とを連通する連通部１１５が設けられており、この連通部１１５が一体となって連通孔１０７が構成されている。   Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the weight 97 is a C-shaped intermediate with a part opened between the annular lid plate 109 and the bottom plate 111 (similar to the first embodiment). Plates 113 (see FIG. 12) are stacked. The C-shaped intermediate plate 113 is provided with a communication portion 115 that communicates the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface at one location. The communication portion 115 is integrated to form a communication hole 107. Yes.

これにより、ノッキングセンサ８１の内部構造を樹脂の充填により固定する際に、錘９７等の内周面と支持部材８７の本体部８３の外周面との隙間があった場合でも、この連通孔１０７を介して、錘９７の外周側から内周側に好適に樹脂を充填することができる。
［第３実施形態］
次に第３実施形態について説明するが、前記第１実施形態と同様な内容の説明は簡略化する。 Thereby, when the internal structure of the knocking sensor 81 is fixed by filling the resin, even if there is a gap between the inner peripheral surface of the weight 97 and the outer peripheral surface of the main body 83 of the support member 87, the communication hole 107 is provided. Thus, the resin can be suitably filled from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side of the weight 97.
[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment will be described, but the description of the same contents as the first embodiment will be simplified.

本実施形態のノッキングセンサは、第１実施形態のノッキングセンサとは、特に錘の構成が異なっている。
図１３に示す様に、本実施形態のノッキングセンサ１２１は、本体部１２３及び鍔部１２５からなる支持部材１２７を備えており、その鍔部１２５の上に、絶縁部材１２９、出力端子１３１、圧電素子１３３、出力端子１３５、錘１３７が順次載置されている。 The knocking sensor of the present embodiment is particularly different from the knocking sensor of the first embodiment in the configuration of the weight.
As shown in FIG. 13, the knocking sensor 121 of this embodiment includes a support member 127 including a main body portion 123 and a flange portion 125, and an insulating member 129, an output terminal 131, a piezoelectric member on the flange portion 125. An element 133, an output terminal 135, and a weight 137 are sequentially placed.

特に、本実施形態では、錘１３７の上部には、板バネやナットが配置されておらず、錘１３７の内周面が支持部材１２７の本体部１２５の外周面に強固に固定されている。
つまり、本実施形態では、図１４及び図１５に示す様に、錘１３７の内周面には、中心軸の回りに９０度毎に、中心軸に向かって突出する略三角形の形状の係止凸部１３９が設けられている。 In particular, in this embodiment, a plate spring or a nut is not disposed on the upper portion of the weight 137, and the inner peripheral surface of the weight 137 is firmly fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the main body portion 125 of the support member 127.
That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the inner peripheral surface of the weight 137 has a substantially triangular shape protruding toward the central axis every 90 degrees around the central axis. A convex portion 139 is provided.

詳しくは、錘１３７は、図１５（ｂ）に示す様に、（第１実施形態と同様な）環状の蓋板１４１及び底板１４３の間に、４箇所の係止凸部１３９を有する環状の中間板１４５（図１６参照）が積層配置されたものである。また、係止凸部１３９の先端における内径は、本体部１２３に圧入可能なように、本体部１２３の外径よりも僅かに小さく設定されている。なお、各中間板１４５の係止凸部１３９は、板厚方向に揃った位置に設けられている。   Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15B, the weight 137 has an annular shape having four locking projections 139 between the annular lid plate 141 and the bottom plate 143 (similar to the first embodiment). Intermediate plates 145 (see FIG. 16) are stacked. The inner diameter at the tip of the locking projection 139 is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the main body 123 so that it can be press-fitted into the main body 123. In addition, the latching convex part 139 of each intermediate | middle board 145 is provided in the position aligned in the plate | board thickness direction.

従って、この係止凸部１３９を備えた各板材１４０を積層した錘１３７を、本体部材１２７の本体部１２３の外周側に嵌めて押し込むことにより、錘１３７を本体部１２７に固定することができる。これにより、圧電素子１３３等の各部材は、鍔部１２５と錘１３７との間に挟まれた状態で押圧固定されることになる。   Accordingly, the weight 137 can be fixed to the main body portion 127 by fitting and pushing the weight 137 in which the plate members 140 each having the locking convex portion 139 are stacked on the outer peripheral side of the main body portion 123 of the main body member 127. . Thereby, each member such as the piezoelectric element 133 is pressed and fixed in a state of being sandwiched between the flange portion 125 and the weight 137.

本実施形態は、前記第１実施形態と同様な効果を奏するとともに、板バネやナットが不要であるという利点がある。
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明したが、本発明は、上記実施形態に何ら限定されることはなく、本発明の技術的範囲に属する限り種々の形態をとり得ることはいうまでもない。 This embodiment has the advantages that the same effects as those of the first embodiment are achieved, and that a leaf spring and a nut are unnecessary.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various forms can be taken as long as they belong to the technical scope of the present invention. .

例えばダボや係止凸部の位置、個数、形状は、適宜設定すればよい。例えば、図１７に示す様に、錘を構成する中間板１５１の内周面に、一部切欠き１５３を設けることによって係止凸部１５５を形成してもよい。また、ダボを用いないで、例えば他の拘束部材を使用して板材を一体に固定してよい。   For example, the position, number, and shape of the dowels and the locking projections may be set as appropriate. For example, as shown in FIG. 17, the locking projection 155 may be formed by providing a notch 153 on the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate plate 151 constituting the weight. Moreover, you may fix a board | plate material integrally, for example using another restraint member, without using a dowel.

第１実施形態のノッキングセンサの外観を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the external appearance of the knocking sensor of 1st Embodiment. 第１実施形態のノッキングセンサの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the knocking sensor of 1st Embodiment. 第１実施形態のノッキングセンサの内部構造を分解して示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which decomposes | disassembles and shows the internal structure of the knocking sensor of 1st Embodiment. （ａ）は錘の平面図であり、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’断面図である。(A) is a top view of a weight, (b) is A-A 'sectional drawing of (a). 錘のダボによる結合部分を破断して示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which fractures | ruptures and shows the coupling | bond part by the dowel of a weight. 錘を構成する各板材を分解して示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which decomposes | disassembles and shows each board | plate material which comprises a weight. 錘の他の例を破断して示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which fractures | ruptures and shows the other example of a weight. ノッキングセンサの他の例をの内部構造を分解して示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which decomposes | disassembles and shows the internal structure of the other example of a knocking sensor. 第２実施形態のノッキングセンサの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the knocking sensor of 2nd Embodiment. 錘の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a weight. （ａ）は錘の平面図であり、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’断面図である。(A) is a top view of a weight, (b) is A-A 'sectional drawing of (a). 中間板を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an intermediate | middle board. 第２実施形態のノッキングセンサの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the knocking sensor of 2nd Embodiment. 錘の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a weight. （ａ）は錘の平面図であり、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’断面図である。(A) is a top view of a weight, (b) is A-A 'sectional drawing of (a). 中間板を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an intermediate | middle board. 他の中間板を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows another intermediate | middle board.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１、８１、１２１…ノッキングセンサ
３…ケース
９、６１、８７、１２７…支持部材
１３、８３、１２３…本体部
１５、６３、８９、１２５…鍔部
１７、６９、９３、１３３…圧電素子
１９、７３、９７、１３７…錘
２９、７５、９９…板バネ
３１、７７、１０１…ナット
３５、９６、１４０…板材
３７、５１、５３、１０９、１４１…蓋板
４１、１１１、１４３…底板
３９、１１３、１４５、１５１…中間板
４３、１０３…ダボ
１０７…挿通孔
１１５…挿通部
１３９、１５５…係止凸部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 81, 121 ... Knocking sensor 3 ... Case 9, 61, 87, 127 ... Support member 13, 83, 123 ... Main-body part 15, 63, 89, 125 ... Eaves part 17, 69, 93, 133 ... Piezoelectric element 19 73, 97, 137 ... weight 29, 75, 99 ... leaf spring 31, 77, 101 ... nut 35, 96, 140 ... plate material 37, 51, 53, 109, 141 ... lid plate 41, 111, 143 ... bottom plate 39 , 113, 145, 151 ... intermediate plate 43, 103 ... dowel 107 ... insertion hole 115 ... insertion portion 139, 155 ... locking projection

Claims (7)

柱状の本体部と該本体部の外周から外側に張り出す鍔部と有する支持部材と、
前記本体部の外周側に嵌められ、前記鍔部に載置される圧電素子と、
前記本体部の外周側に嵌められ、前記圧電素子に所定の圧力を加えるために、前記圧電素子に載置される錘と、
を備えたノッキングセンサにおいて、
前記錘は、厚さ２ｍｍ以下の板材を複数枚積層してなることを特徴とするノッキングセンサ。 A support member having a columnar main body and a flange extending outward from the outer periphery of the main body;
A piezoelectric element fitted on the outer peripheral side of the main body and placed on the flange;
A weight that is fitted on the outer peripheral side of the main body portion and is placed on the piezoelectric element to apply a predetermined pressure to the piezoelectric element;
In the knocking sensor with
The knocking sensor is characterized in that the weight is formed by laminating a plurality of plate materials having a thickness of 2 mm or less. 前記錘は、前記各板材同士が一体に結合された構造であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のノッキングセンサ。   The knock sensor according to claim 1, wherein the weight has a structure in which the plate members are integrally coupled to each other. 前記各板材は、各板材に形成されたダボにより結合されたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載のノッキングセンサ。   The knocking sensor according to claim 2, wherein each of the plate members is coupled by a dowel formed on each plate member. 前記板材のうち、前記圧電素子に最も近接した底板の外径が、他の板材の外径より小さいことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載のノッキングセンサ。   The knocking sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an outer diameter of a bottom plate closest to the piezoelectric element among the plate members is smaller than an outer diameter of another plate member. 前記錘は、３枚以上の板材からなり、前記圧電素子から最も離れた蓋板の外径が、前記底板を除いた他の板材の外径より小さいことを特徴とする請求項４に記載のノッキングセンサ。   5. The weight according to claim 4, wherein the weight is made of three or more plates, and the outer diameter of the cover plate farthest from the piezoelectric element is smaller than the outer diameter of the other plates excluding the bottom plate. Knocking sensor. 前記板材は、前記本体部の外周を囲む環状の形状を有するとともに、該板材のうち、前記錘の板厚方向の両最外側以外の少なくとも１枚の板材には、径方向の内周側と外周側とを連通する連通部を有することを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載のノッキングセンサ。   The plate member has an annular shape surrounding the outer periphery of the main body portion, and among the plate members, at least one plate member other than both outermost sides in the plate thickness direction of the weight has a radially inner peripheral side and The knocking sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a communication portion that communicates with the outer peripheral side. 前記板材の内周面には、該内周面から内側に突出して、前記本体部に係止する係止凸部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載のノッキングセンサ。   The knocking according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: a locking projection that protrudes inwardly from the inner peripheral surface and locks to the main body portion on the inner peripheral surface of the plate member. Sensor.
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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03144370A (en) * 1989-10-31 1991-06-19 Fujikura Ltd Piezo-electric type acceleration sensor
JPH06257269A (en) * 1993-03-05 1994-09-13 Naka Tech Lab Vibration restraint apparatus for double floor
JPH09126876A (en) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-16 Toyota Motor Corp Knocking sensor
JP2001066322A (en) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-16 Tokimec Inc Accelerometer
JP2003090242A (en) * 2001-09-19 2003-03-28 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Knocking detector for internal combustion engine
JP2003322580A (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-11-14 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Knocking sensor
JP2006214527A (en) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-17 Swcc Showa Device Technology Co Ltd Damping device
JP2008032117A (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-14 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Dynamic damper
JP2008144677A (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-26 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Knocking sensor
JP2008185414A (en) * 2007-01-29 2008-08-14 Denso Corp Knock sensor

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03144370A (en) * 1989-10-31 1991-06-19 Fujikura Ltd Piezo-electric type acceleration sensor
JPH06257269A (en) * 1993-03-05 1994-09-13 Naka Tech Lab Vibration restraint apparatus for double floor
JPH09126876A (en) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-16 Toyota Motor Corp Knocking sensor
JP2001066322A (en) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-16 Tokimec Inc Accelerometer
JP2003090242A (en) * 2001-09-19 2003-03-28 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Knocking detector for internal combustion engine
JP2003322580A (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-11-14 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Knocking sensor
JP2006214527A (en) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-17 Swcc Showa Device Technology Co Ltd Damping device
JP2008032117A (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-14 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Dynamic damper
JP2008144677A (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-26 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Knocking sensor
JP2008185414A (en) * 2007-01-29 2008-08-14 Denso Corp Knock sensor

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