JP2010049975A - Superconductive cable for ac - Google Patents

Superconductive cable for ac Download PDF

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JP2010049975A
JP2010049975A JP2008214070A JP2008214070A JP2010049975A JP 2010049975 A JP2010049975 A JP 2010049975A JP 2008214070 A JP2008214070 A JP 2008214070A JP 2008214070 A JP2008214070 A JP 2008214070A JP 2010049975 A JP2010049975 A JP 2010049975A
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superconducting
wire
layer
winding
superconductive
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JP5126975B2 (en
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Masayoshi Oya
正義 大屋
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc
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Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a superconductive cable excellent is superconductive characteristics by reducing mechanical degradation of a superconductive wire rod. <P>SOLUTION: The superconductive cable 1 is configured such that three cable cores 2 provided with superconductive layers 4 are stranded and housed in a heat shielding tube 6. The superconductive layers 4 (a superconductive layer 4c, a superconductive shield layer 4s) are configured by winding spirally a metal matrix superconductive wire rod 40 containing a plurality of spirally stranded superconductive filaments embedded in a metal matrix. A direction of stranding of the superconductive filaments in the superconductive wire rod 40 and a direction of winding of the wire rod 40 are different. In the superconductive cable 1, since a stranding of the same direction as the direction of winding of the superconductive wire rod 40 is not added to the superconductive filaments, mechanical degradation of the superconductive filaments due to the above stranding can be suppressed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、いわゆるツイスト線材を螺旋状に巻回してなる超電導層を具える交流用超電導ケーブルに関するものである。特に、ツイスト線材の機械的劣化を低減して、超電導特性に優れる交流用超電導ケーブルに関する。   The present invention relates to an AC superconducting cable having a superconducting layer formed by spirally winding a so-called twisted wire. In particular, the present invention relates to a superconducting cable for alternating current that has excellent superconducting characteristics by reducing mechanical deterioration of twisted wires.

近年、超電導導体層及び超電導シールド層といった超電導層を有するケーブルコアと、このコアを収納する断熱管とを具える交流用超電導ケーブルが開発されている。超電導層の代表的な構成として、銀や銀合金といった金属マトリクス中に酸化物超電導体を内蔵する超電導線材を螺旋状に巻回してなる多層構造が挙げられる。   In recent years, an AC superconducting cable having a cable core having a superconducting layer such as a superconducting conductor layer and a superconducting shield layer and a heat insulating tube for housing the core has been developed. A typical structure of the superconducting layer is a multilayer structure in which a superconducting wire in which an oxide superconductor is incorporated in a metal matrix such as silver or a silver alloy is spirally wound.

上記超電導線材を螺旋状に巻回した状態で交流電流を通電すると、超電導体内部に侵入する磁場に起因するヒステリシス損や、金属マトリクスを介して発生する結合電流(誘導電流)に起因する結合損失(いわゆるジュール損)といった交流損失が発生する。このような交流損失を低減するために、超電導線材として、複数の超電導体が撚り合わされた、いわゆるツイスト線材が提案されている。特許文献1は、多層構造の超電導層において、ツイスト線材を用いると共に、層ごとに巻回ピッチを異ならせた超電導ケーブルを開示している。   When an alternating current is applied with the superconducting wire wound spirally, hysteresis loss caused by the magnetic field penetrating the superconductor and coupling loss caused by the coupling current (inductive current) generated through the metal matrix AC loss such as so-called Joule loss occurs. In order to reduce such AC loss, a so-called twisted wire in which a plurality of superconductors are twisted is proposed as a superconducting wire. Patent Document 1 discloses a superconducting cable in which a twisted wire is used in a superconducting layer having a multilayer structure and the winding pitch is different for each layer.

特開2002-075078号公報JP 2002-075078 A

従来、ツイスト線材を螺旋状に巻回するにあたり、線材中の超電導体の撚り方向と、線材自体の巻回方向との双方について格別の規定を設けていなかった。しかし、本発明者が検討したところ、ツイスト線材中の超電導体の撚り方向と線材の巻回方向とが同じである場合、超電導層の臨界電流特性が低下し易い傾向にあるとの知見を得た。   Conventionally, when winding a twisted wire in a spiral shape, no special provision has been provided for both the twisting direction of the superconductor in the wire and the winding direction of the wire itself. However, as a result of examination by the inventors, when the twisting direction of the superconductor in the twisted wire and the winding direction of the wire are the same, the knowledge that the critical current characteristic of the superconducting layer tends to be lowered is obtained. It was.

そこで、本発明の目的の一つは、超電導線材の機械的劣化を低減することで、高い超電導特性を有する交流用超電導ケーブルを提供することにある。   Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide an AC superconducting cable having high superconducting characteristics by reducing mechanical deterioration of the superconducting wire.

ツイスト線材中の超電導体の撚り方向とこの線材の巻回方向とが等しい場合、線材を巻回することで超電導体は更に同じ方向に捩られることから、超電導体に歪みが加えられる。そのため、超電導層を形成した時点で超電導層に機械的な劣化、具体的には超電導体にクラックが発生したり、超電導体が途中で破断したりするなどして、超電導層の臨界電流が低下したり、超電導特性を示さなくなったりする。このような超電導線材の機械的な劣化を防止するために、本発明では、ツイスト線材中の超電導体の撚り方向とこの線材の巻回方向とを異ならせた構成とする。   When the twisting direction of the superconductor in the twisted wire is equal to the winding direction of the wire, the superconductor is further twisted in the same direction by winding the wire, so that the superconductor is distorted. Therefore, when the superconducting layer is formed, the superconducting layer mechanically deteriorates, specifically, the superconductor cracks or the superconductor breaks in the middle, and the critical current of the superconducting layer decreases. Or no superconducting properties. In order to prevent such mechanical deterioration of the superconducting wire, in the present invention, the twisting direction of the superconductor in the twisted wire and the winding direction of the wire are made different.

具体的には、本発明は、金属マトリクス中に複数の超電導フィラメントを内蔵する超電導線材を螺旋状に巻回して形成された超電導層を具える交流用超電導ケーブルに係るものである。上記複数の超電導フィラメントは、螺旋状に撚り合わされている。そして、上記超電導層は、上記超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と、上記超電導線材の巻回方向とが異なって構成されている。   Specifically, the present invention relates to an AC superconducting cable including a superconducting layer formed by spirally winding a superconducting wire having a plurality of superconducting filaments in a metal matrix. The plurality of superconducting filaments are twisted in a spiral. The superconducting layer is configured such that the twisting direction of the superconducting filament is different from the winding direction of the superconducting wire.

上記構成によれば、超電導線材中に撚り合わされた状態で存在する複数の超電導フィラメントに対して、線材の巻回に伴う撚り方向と同じ方向の捻りが加わっていないため、上記捻りに起因する超電導フィラメントの機械的な劣化を抑制することができる。従って、上記構成によれば、超電導層の構成材料の機械的な劣化を低減することができ、臨界電流や臨界電流密度が高く、超電導特性に優れる超電導ケーブルを提供することができる。   According to the above configuration, since a plurality of superconducting filaments existing in a twisted state in the superconducting wire are not twisted in the same direction as the twisting direction associated with the winding of the wire, superconductivity caused by the twisting is not applied. The mechanical deterioration of the filament can be suppressed. Therefore, according to the above configuration, it is possible to reduce the mechanical deterioration of the constituent material of the superconducting layer, to provide a superconducting cable having high critical current and critical current density and excellent superconducting characteristics.

本発明超電導ケーブルにおいて、特に、超電導層を構成する超電導線材の巻き径をdw、巻回ピッチをPwとするとき、(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2が130以下となる層は、超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と、電導線材の巻回方向とが異なって構成されていることが好ましい。なお、巻回ピッチは、上記巻き径dwで超電導線材を1回巻回したときに形成される超電導層の軸方向の長さをいう。また、上記(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2は、巻き径dwかつ巻回ピッチPwで超電導線材を1回(1ピッチ)巻回したときの超電導線材の実際長さに相当する。 In the superconducting cable of the present invention, in particular, when the winding diameter of the superconducting wire constituting the superconducting layer is dw and the winding pitch is Pw, the layer in which (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 is 130 or less is The twisting direction of the superconducting filament is preferably different from the winding direction of the conductive wire. The winding pitch refers to the axial length of the superconducting layer formed when the superconducting wire is wound once with the winding diameter dw. The above (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 corresponds to the actual length of the superconducting wire when the superconducting wire is wound once (1 pitch) with the winding diameter dw and the winding pitch Pw. .

超電導線材の巻き径dwに対して、線材の巻きピッチPwが十分に大きい場合、即ち、線材が比較的緩やかに巻かれている場合、線材中の超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と線材の巻回方向とが等しくても、線材の巻回により上記フィラメントに加わる捩りが少ない。そのため、超電導線材の巻回ピッチが大きい場合、超電導フィラメントの撚り方向とツイスト線材の巻回方向との異同による機械的劣化の程度が小さい。即ち、超電導線材の巻回ピッチが大きい場合における線材の機械的劣化は、線材の巻回方向による影響を受け難い。しかし、超電導線材の巻回ピッチが小さい場合、特に後述する試験例で示すように(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2≦130の範囲では、線材の機械的劣化は、線材の巻回方向による影響を受け易い(線材の巻回方向に依存し易い)。そこで、(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2≦130の範囲では、超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と、超電導線材の巻回方向とが異なった構成が好適である。 When the winding pitch Pw of the wire is sufficiently large with respect to the winding diameter dw of the superconducting wire, that is, when the wire is wound relatively slowly, the twist direction of the superconducting filament in the wire and the winding direction of the wire Even if are equal, there is little twist applied to the filament by winding the wire. Therefore, when the winding pitch of the superconducting wire is large, the degree of mechanical deterioration due to the difference between the twisting direction of the superconducting filament and the winding direction of the twisted wire is small. That is, the mechanical deterioration of the wire when the winding pitch of the superconducting wire is large is hardly affected by the winding direction of the wire. However, when the winding pitch of the superconducting wire is small, the mechanical deterioration of the wire is caused by the winding of the wire particularly in the range of (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 ≦ 130 as shown in a test example described later. It is easy to be affected by the turning direction (it tends to depend on the winding direction of the wire). Therefore, in the range of (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 ≦ 130, a configuration in which the twisting direction of the superconducting filament and the winding direction of the superconducting wire are different is preferable.

本発明超電導ケーブルにおいて、上記超電導層は単層構造とすることもできるが、多層構造であることが好ましい。   In the superconducting cable of the present invention, the superconducting layer may have a single layer structure, but preferably has a multilayer structure.

超電導層が多層構造である場合、大容量の交流送電を行える。また、超電導層が多層構造である場合、超電導線材の巻回ピッチを層ごとに異ならせた構成とすると、各層を流れる電流を均一的にする(均流化する)ことができる。超電導層が多層構造である場合、全ての層について超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と超電導線材の巻回方向とを異ならせてもよいし、(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2≦130を満たす層についてのみ、超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と超電導線材の巻回方向とを異ならせてもよい。 When the superconducting layer has a multilayer structure, large-capacity AC power transmission can be performed. Further, when the superconducting layer has a multilayer structure, the current flowing through each layer can be made uniform (equalized) if the winding pitch of the superconducting wire is made different for each layer. When the superconducting layer has a multilayer structure, the twisting direction of the superconducting filament and the winding direction of the superconducting wire may be different for all layers, or (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 ≦ 130. Only for the layer to be filled, the twisting direction of the superconducting filament and the winding direction of the superconducting wire may be different.

本発明超電導ケーブルにおいて、上記超電導線材は、銀又は銀合金からなる金属マトリクス中に、ビスマス系酸化物超電導相からなる超電導フィラメントを螺旋状に撚り合わされて内蔵された構成が好適である。上記銀は、Ag及び不純物からなるもの、銀合金は、Ag-Au合金、Ag-Mg合金、Ag-Sb合金、Ag-Mn合金が挙げられる。また、この超電導線材の断面形状は特に限定されない。断面が矩形のテープ状線材でも、丸線でもよい。   In the superconducting cable of the present invention, the superconducting wire preferably has a structure in which a superconducting filament made of a bismuth-based oxide superconducting phase is spirally twisted in a metal matrix made of silver or a silver alloy. Examples of the silver include Ag and impurities, and examples of the silver alloy include an Ag—Au alloy, an Ag—Mg alloy, an Ag—Sb alloy, and an Ag—Mn alloy. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of this superconducting wire is not particularly limited. A tape-shaped wire having a rectangular cross section or a round wire may be used.

本発明超電導ケーブルは、超電導線材の機械的劣化が少なく、超電導特性に優れる。   The superconducting cable of the present invention is excellent in superconducting characteristics with little mechanical deterioration of the superconducting wire.

以下に、図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態に係る超電導ケーブルを詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, a superconducting cable according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(実施形態1)
図1は、3心一括型の交流用超電導ケーブルの概略を示す斜視図、図2は、複数の超電導フィラメントを撚り合わせた状態で内蔵する超電導線材の概略を示す斜視図である。図2では、複数の超電導フィラメントのうち、一つの超電導フィラメントの撚り状態のみを示すが、全ての超電導フィラメントが螺旋状に撚り合わされている。超電導ケーブル1は、超電導層4を具える3心のケーブルコア2が撚り合わされて断熱管6内に収納された構成である。超電導層4は、螺旋状に撚り合わされた複数の超電導フィラメント41を金属マトリクス42中に内蔵する超電導線材40を螺旋状に巻回して構成され、超電導導体層4cと超電導シールド層4sとを具える。この超電導ケーブル1の特徴とするところは、超電導線材40中の超電導フィラメント41の撚り方向と、当該線材40の巻回方向とが異なる点にある。以下、各構成をより詳細に説明する。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a three-core collective AC superconducting cable, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outline of a superconducting wire incorporated in a state where a plurality of superconducting filaments are twisted together. FIG. 2 shows only the twisted state of one superconducting filament among the plurality of superconducting filaments, but all the superconducting filaments are twisted in a spiral. The superconducting cable 1 has a configuration in which a three-core cable core 2 including a superconducting layer 4 is twisted and stored in a heat insulating tube 6. The superconducting layer 4 is formed by spirally winding a superconducting wire 40 having a plurality of superconducting filaments 41 twisted together in a metal matrix 42, and includes a superconducting conductor layer 4c and a superconducting shield layer 4s. . This superconducting cable 1 is characterized in that the twisting direction of the superconducting filament 41 in the superconducting wire 40 and the winding direction of the wire 40 are different. Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in more detail.

[ケーブルコア]
各ケーブルコア2は、中心から順に、フォーマ3、超電導導体層4c、電気絶縁層5、超電導シールド層4sを具える。 [Cable core]
Each cable core 2 includes, in order from the center, a former 3, a superconducting conductor layer 4c, an electrical insulating layer 5, and a superconducting shield layer 4s.

＜フォーマ(芯材)＞
フォーマは、銅といった常電導材料からなる中空のパイプや、複数の素線を撚り合わせた撚り線を利用することができる。フォーマ3は、銅素線の撚り線から構成されており、最外側の素線を内側の素線よりも細径としている。この構成により、フォーマ3の外周面が滑らかであり、超電導線材40を巻回し易い。 <Former (core material)>
The former can use a hollow pipe made of a normal conducting material such as copper or a stranded wire obtained by twisting a plurality of strands. The former 3 is composed of a stranded copper strand, and the outermost strand has a smaller diameter than the inner strand. With this configuration, the outer peripheral surface of the former 3 is smooth and the superconducting wire 40 can be easily wound.

＜超電導導体層＞
超電導導体層4cは、フォーマ3の外周に超電導線材40を螺旋状に巻回して形成された4層構造であり、層間には、クラフト紙といった絶縁材を巻回して層間絶縁層を設けている。超電導線材40は、図2に示すように複数の超電導フィラメント41が螺旋状に撚り合わされて金属マトリクス42中に内蔵された構成である。ここでは、Bi2223酸化物超電導体からなる超電導フィラメント41を撚り合わせて銀シース42a及び銀合金シース42bで被覆したツイストテープ線材を用いている。 <Superconducting conductor layer>
The superconducting conductor layer 4c has a four-layer structure formed by spirally winding the superconducting wire 40 around the outer periphery of the former 3, and an interlayer insulating layer is provided between layers by winding an insulating material such as kraft paper. . As shown in FIG. 2, the superconducting wire 40 has a configuration in which a plurality of superconducting filaments 41 are spirally twisted and incorporated in the metal matrix 42. Here, a twisted tape wire in which a superconducting filament 41 made of a Bi2223 oxide superconductor is twisted and covered with a silver sheath 42a and a silver alloy sheath 42b is used.

上記テープ線材の最終的な厚さは、0.2〜0.4mm程度、アスペクト比(幅/厚さ)は、10〜20程度が好ましい。また、超電導フィラメントの撚りピッチPfは、短い方が交流損失の低減効果が大きいことから、10mm以下が好ましい。   The final thickness of the tape wire is preferably about 0.2 to 0.4 mm, and the aspect ratio (width / thickness) is preferably about 10 to 20. Further, the twist pitch Pf of the superconducting filament is preferably 10 mm or less because a shorter one has a greater effect of reducing AC loss.

超電導導体層4cは、上記多芯の超電導線材40をフォーマ3の外周に螺旋状に巻回して形成するにあたり、超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と、線材40の巻回方向とを異ならせている。即ち、S撚りの超電導層を形成する場合、超電導フィラメントがZ撚りされた超電導線材を用い、Z撚りの超電導層を形成する場合、超電導フィラメントがS撚りされた超電導線材を用いている。   When the superconducting conductor layer 4c is formed by spirally winding the multi-core superconducting wire 40 around the outer periphery of the former 3, the twisting direction of the superconducting filament and the winding direction of the wire 40 are different. That is, when forming an S-twisted superconducting layer, a superconducting wire having a Z-twisted superconducting filament is used, and when forming a Z-twisting superconducting layer, a superconducting wire having a S-twisting superconducting filament is used.

特に、超電導導体層4cは、超電導導体層4cを構成する4層のうち、少なくとも、超電導線材40の巻き径をdw、巻回ピッチをPwとするとき、(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2が130(mm)以下となる層を上述のように撚り方向と巻回方向とが異なる構成としている。 In particular, the superconducting conductor layer 4c is, among the four layers constituting the superconducting conductor layer 4c, at least when the winding diameter of the superconducting wire 40 is dw and the winding pitch is Pw, (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) As described above, the layer in which 1/2 is 130 (mm) or less has a different twisting direction and winding direction.

＜電気絶縁層5＞
電気絶縁層は、PPLP(登録商標)といった半合成絶縁紙やクラフト紙といった絶縁紙を巻回して構成する。電気絶縁層5は、PPLP(登録商標)を巻回して構成されている。また、超電導ケーブル1は、電気絶縁層5の内側に内部半導電層、外側に外部半導電層を具える。 <Electric insulation layer 5>
The electrical insulating layer is formed by winding an insulating paper such as semi-synthetic insulating paper such as PPLP (registered trademark) or kraft paper. The electrical insulating layer 5 is formed by winding PPLP (registered trademark). The superconducting cable 1 includes an internal semiconductive layer inside the electrical insulating layer 5 and an external semiconductive layer outside.

＜超電導シールド層4s＞
超電導シールド層4sは、電気絶縁層5の外周に、超電導導体層4cと同様の多芯の超電導線材40(上述のBi2223系テープ線材)を螺旋状に巻回して形成された2層構造であり、基本的な構成は超電導導体層4cと同様である。この超電導シールド層4sは、超電導導体層4cとほぼ同じ大きさで逆方向の電流が誘導されることで、ケーブル1の外部への磁界の発生を打ち消す作用を有する。 <Superconducting shield layer 4s>
The superconducting shield layer 4s has a two-layer structure formed by spirally winding a multi-core superconducting wire 40 (the above-mentioned Bi2223-based tape wire) similar to the superconducting conductor layer 4c around the outer periphery of the electrical insulating layer 5. The basic configuration is the same as that of the superconducting conductor layer 4c. This superconducting shield layer 4s has the same magnitude as the superconducting conductor layer 4c and induces a current in the reverse direction, thereby canceling out the generation of the magnetic field to the outside of the cable 1.

そして、超電導シールド層4sは、電気絶縁層5の外周に超電導線材40を螺旋状に巻回して形成するにあたり、超電導シールド層4sを構成する2層のうち、少なくとも(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2≦130(mm)を満たす層について、超電導導体層4cと同様に超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と、線材40の巻回方向とを異ならせている。なお、この例に示す超電導ケーブル1では、超電導シールド層4sの外周に、超電導線材40を保護するために、銅といった常電導材料からなる常電導保護層9、及び常電導保護層9の外周にクラフト紙などからなる保護層を具えている。 Then, when the superconducting shield layer 4s is formed by spirally winding the superconducting wire 40 around the outer periphery of the electrical insulating layer 5, at least (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw) of the two layers constituting the superconducting shield layer 4s. 2 ) For the layer satisfying 1/2 ≦ 130 (mm), the twisting direction of the superconducting filament and the winding direction of the wire rod 40 are different from each other as in the superconducting conductor layer 4c. In the superconducting cable 1 shown in this example, in order to protect the superconducting wire 40 on the outer periphery of the superconducting shield layer 4s, on the outer periphery of the normal conducting protective layer 9 made of a normal conducting material such as copper, and on the outer periphery of the normal conducting protective layer 9 It has a protective layer made of kraft paper.

＜断熱管＞
断熱管は、例えば、ステンレス鋼(SUS)といった強度に優れる金属からなり、可撓性に富むコルゲート管からなる二重構造管が利用できる。断熱管6は、ケーブルコア2を収納すると共に、コア2を冷却する冷媒(図示せず)が充填される内管6iと、内管6iの外周に配置され、内部が真空引きされる外管6oとを具える。両管6i,6oは、SUSコルゲート管からなる。内管6iと外管6oとの間には、スーパーインシュレーションといった断熱材7を配置させて、断熱効果を高めている。冷媒は、液体窒素が代表的であり、その他、液体水素、液体ヘリウム、水素ガス、ヘリウムガスなどを利用できる。断熱管6の外周には、ポリ塩化ビニルからなる防食層8を具えて、耐食性を高めている。 <Insulated pipe>
The heat insulating pipe is made of, for example, a metal having excellent strength such as stainless steel (SUS), and a double-structure pipe made of a highly corrugated pipe can be used. The heat insulating tube 6 houses the cable core 2 and is filled with a refrigerant (not shown) that cools the core 2, and an outer tube that is disposed on the outer periphery of the inner tube 6i and is evacuated. With 6o. Both tubes 6i, 6o are made of SUS corrugated tubes. Between the inner pipe 6i and the outer pipe 6o, a heat insulating material 7 such as super insulation is disposed to enhance the heat insulating effect. The refrigerant is typically liquid nitrogen, and other liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, hydrogen gas, helium gas, or the like can be used. The outer periphery of the heat insulating tube 6 is provided with an anticorrosion layer 8 made of polyvinyl chloride to enhance the corrosion resistance.

《試験例》
ツイストテープ線材を螺旋状に巻回した超電導層を具えるモデルケーブルを作製し、臨界電流Icの維持率を測定した。その結果を図3に示す。 《Test example》
A model cable having a superconducting layer in which a twisted tape wire was wound in a spiral shape was fabricated, and the maintenance ratio of the critical current Ic was measured. The results are shown in FIG.

モデルケーブルは、以下のように作製した。超電導層4に用いた多芯のBi2223系ツイストテープ線材のうち、超電導フィラメントの撚り方向がZ撚りである線材(撚りピッチPf:5mm)を用意する。このZ撚り線材を直径φ18mmの銅パイプの上(巻き径dw:18mm)に種々の巻回ピッチPwでS方向又はZ方向に巻回して、単層構造の超電導層を具えるモデルケーブルを得る。   The model cable was produced as follows. Among the multi-core Bi2223 twisted tape wires used for the superconducting layer 4, a wire (twisting pitch Pf: 5 mm) in which the twisting direction of the superconducting filament is Z-twisted is prepared. This Z-stranded wire is wound on a copper pipe with a diameter of φ18mm (winding diameter dw: 18mm) at various winding pitches Pw in the S or Z direction to obtain a model cable having a single layer superconducting layer .

得られた各モデルケーブルの臨界電流Icmを測定し、用いた線材の臨界電流の総和Icbに対する維持率:Icm/Icbを求めた。 The resulting sample was evaluated in terms of critical current Ic m of each model cables, maintenance rate vs. the total Ic b of the critical current of the wire using: was determined Ic m / Ic b.

図3に示すように、(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2が130(mm)超であれば、超電導フィラメントの撚り方向(この試験ではZ撚り)と超電導線材の巻回方向とが同じ(この試験では巻回方向がZ方向の場合)であっても、臨界電流Icの維持率Icm/Icbが1.0(100％)程度であり、撚り方向と巻回方向との異同による超電導特性の差異が小さい。しかし、(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2が130(mm)以下となる範囲、即ち、巻き径dwが一定のとき、巻回ピッチPwが小さくなった場合では、超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と超電導線材の巻回方向とが異なる構成(この試験では巻回方向がS方向の場合)の方が臨界電流Icの維持率Icm/Icbの低下度合いが小さく、維持率Icm/Icbが高い。特に、(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2が110(mm)以上130(mm)以下の範囲では、維持率Icm/Icbが1.0である。 As shown in FIG. 3, if (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 is more than 130 mm, the superconducting filament twist direction (Z twist in this test) and the superconducting wire winding direction difference of but be the same (if the winding direction in this test in the Z direction), retention Ic m / Ic b of the critical current Ic was 1.0 (100%) or so, the twisting direction and the winding direction The difference in superconducting characteristics due to is small. However, in the range where (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 is 130 (mm) or less, that is, when the winding diameter dw is constant and the winding pitch Pw is small, the twist of the superconducting filament The direction of the superconducting wire is different from the winding direction (when the winding direction is the S direction in this test), the degree of decrease in the maintenance factor Ic m / Ic b of the critical current Ic is smaller, and the maintenance factor Ic m / Ic b is high. In particular, in the range where (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 is 110 (mm) or more and 130 (mm) or less, the maintenance ratio Ic m / Ic b is 1.0.

超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と超電導線材の巻回方向とが同じ構成の方が維持率が低くなった一原因として、線材を巻回するにあたり、超電導フィラメントに撚り方向と同じ方向の捻りが加わることで、超電導フィラメントが機械的に劣化したことが考えられる。なお、この試験では、超電導フィラメントがZ撚りの超電導線材を用いたが、S撚りの超電導線材を用いた場合も同様の傾向が見られる。   One reason why the maintenance rate is lower when the twisting direction of the superconducting filament is the same as the winding direction of the superconducting wire is that when twisting the wire, the twisting in the same direction as the twisting direction is applied to the superconducting filament. It is considered that the superconducting filament was mechanically deteriorated. In this test, the superconducting filament used was a Z-twisted superconducting wire, but the same tendency was observed when an S-twisted superconducting wire was used.

上記試験結果から、超電導線材中の超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と、線材の巻回方向とが異なる超電導ケーブル1は、線材の機械的劣化を低減することで、超電導特性に優れると期待される。   From the above test results, the superconducting cable 1 in which the twisting direction of the superconducting filament in the superconducting wire and the winding direction of the wire are different is expected to be excellent in superconducting characteristics by reducing mechanical deterioration of the wire.

上述した実施形態は、本発明の要旨を逸脱することなく、適宜変更することが可能であり、上述した構成に限定されるものではない。例えば、超電導層の積層数、超電導線材の材質、超電導フィラメントの撚りピッチなどを適宜変更することができる。   The above-described embodiment can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention, and is not limited to the above-described configuration. For example, the number of superconducting layers, the material of the superconducting wire, the twist pitch of the superconducting filament, and the like can be appropriately changed.

本発明超電導ケーブルは、交流送電用の電力供給路に好適に利用することができる。   The superconducting cable of the present invention can be suitably used for a power supply path for AC power transmission.

3心一括型の交流用超電導ケーブルの概略を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the outline of a 3 core collective AC superconducting cable. 複数の超電導フィラメントを撚り合わせた状態で内蔵する超電導線材の概略を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the outline of the superconducting wire which incorporates the several superconducting filament in the state twisted together. 超電導線材の巻き径dwと超電導線材の巻回ピッチPwに対して定める(Pw2+π2×dw2)1/2と、臨界電流Icの維持率との関係を示すグラフである。6 is a graph showing the relationship between (Pw 2 + π 2 × dw 2 ) 1/2 determined with respect to the winding diameter dw of the superconducting wire and the winding pitch Pw of the superconducting wire, and the maintenance ratio of the critical current Ic.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 交流用超電導ケーブル 2 ケーブルコア 3 フォーマ 4 超電導層
4c 超電導導体層 4s 超電導シールド層 5 電気絶縁層 6 断熱管
6i 内管 6o 外管 7 断熱材 8 防食層 9 常電導保護層
40 超電導線材 41 超電導フィラメント 42 金属マトリクス
42a 銀シース 42b 銀合金シース 1 AC superconducting cable 2 Cable core 3 Former 4 Superconducting layer
4c Superconducting conductor layer 4s Superconducting shield layer 5 Electrical insulation layer 6 Thermal insulation pipe
6i Inner pipe 6o Outer pipe 7 Heat insulation material 8 Anticorrosion layer 9 Normal conducting protective layer
40 Superconducting wire 41 Superconducting filament 42 Metal matrix
42a Silver sheath 42b Silver alloy sheath

Claims (2)

金属マトリクス中に複数の超電導フィラメントを内蔵する超電導線材を螺旋状に巻回して形成された超電導層を具える交流用超電導ケーブルであって、
前記複数の超電導フィラメントは、螺旋状に撚り合わされており、
前記超電導層の少なくとも1層は、前記超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と、前記超電導線材の巻回方向とが異なって構成されていることを特徴とする交流用超電導ケーブル。 A superconducting cable for alternating current comprising a superconducting layer formed by spirally winding a superconducting wire containing a plurality of superconducting filaments in a metal matrix,
The plurality of superconducting filaments are twisted together in a spiral shape,
The AC superconducting cable according to claim 1, wherein at least one layer of the superconducting layer is configured such that a twisting direction of the superconducting filament is different from a winding direction of the superconducting wire. 前記超電導層を構成する超電導線材の巻き径をdw、巻回ピッチをPwとするとき、前記超電導層のうち、以下の式を満たす層は、前記超電導フィラメントの撚り方向と、前記超電導線材の巻回方向とが異なって構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の交流用超電導ケーブル。
Figure 2010049975
 When the winding diameter of the superconducting wire constituting the superconducting layer is dw and the winding pitch is Pw, the layer satisfying the following formula among the superconducting layers is the twist direction of the superconducting filament, and the winding of the superconducting wire. 2. The superconducting cable for alternating current according to claim 1, wherein the alternating current direction is different from the turning direction.
Figure 2010049975
JP2008214070A 2008-08-22 2008-08-22 Superconducting cable for AC Expired - Fee Related JP5126975B2 (en)

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