JP2010011651A - ハイブリッド車両の制御装置および制御方法 - Google Patents
ハイブリッド車両の制御装置および制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010011651A JP2010011651A JP2008168709A JP2008168709A JP2010011651A JP 2010011651 A JP2010011651 A JP 2010011651A JP 2008168709 A JP2008168709 A JP 2008168709A JP 2008168709 A JP2008168709 A JP 2008168709A JP 2010011651 A JP2010011651 A JP 2010011651A
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- power
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- power storage
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Abstract
【解決手段】第1バッテリと、第1バッテリの出力電圧を変換してモータジェネレータに出力する第1昇圧コンバータと、第2バッテリと、第2バッテリの出力電圧を変換してモータジェネレータに出力する第2昇圧コンバータとを備えたハイブリッド車両において、ECUは、第1バッテリの充電状態を示す値SOC(1)がしきい値αよりも小さいか、あるいは第2バッテリの充電状態を示す値SOC(2)がしきい値βよりも小さいと(S106にてYES)、エンジンとモータジェネレータとの双方の動力でハイブリッド車両を走行させるHV走行制御を実行し(S120)、第2昇圧コンバータを停止させる(S124)。
【選択図】図4
Description
図1を参照して、本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る制御装置を含む、ハイブリッド車両全体の制御ブロック図を説明する。なお、本発明は図1に示すハイブリッド車両に限定されない。本発明は、動力源としての、たとえばガソリンエンジン等の内燃機関(以下、エンジンとして説明する)が、車両を走行させる駆動源であって、かつ、ジェネレータの駆動源であればよい。さらに、駆動源がエンジンおよびモータジェネレータであって、モータジェネレータの動力により走行可能な車両であればよく(エンジンを停止させても停止させなくても)、走行用のバッテリを搭載した他の態様を有するハイブリッド車両であってもよい(いわゆるシリーズ型やパラレル型等のハイブリッド車両に限定されない)。さらに、エンジンを有さない電気自動車や燃料電池車への適用も可能である。なお、このバッテリは、ニッケル水素電池やリチウムイオン電池などであって、その種類は特に限定されるものではない。また、バッテリの代わりに大容量キャパシタを用いてもよい。さらに、バッテリを含む電源回路(以下、電源系統と記載する場合がある)のユニットは2つ以上であればよい。
以下、本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る制御装置について説明する。前述の第1の実施の形態に係る制御装置は、HV走行制御の実行中、スポーツモードが選択されない限り、第2昇圧コンバータ242Aを常に停止させていた(図4のS120、S122、S124)。これに対し、本実施の形態に係る制御装置は、HV走行制御の実行中(第2昇圧コンバータ242Aを停止させている状態)であっても、所定条件が成立した場合には第2昇圧コンバータ242Aを一時的に作動させて第2バッテリ220Aの充放電を行なうものである。それ以外の構造および処理は、前述の第1の実施の形態と同じである。したがって、前述の第1の実施の形態と同じ構造および処理についてのここでの詳細な説明は繰返さない。
Claims (22)
- 内燃機関および回転電機の少なくともいずれかを動力源とするハイブリッド車両の制御装置であって、前記ハイブリッド車両には、第1の蓄電装置と、前記第1の蓄電装置の出力電圧を変換して前記回転電機へ出力する第1の電圧変換装置と、第2の蓄電装置と、前記第2の蓄電装置の出力電圧を変換して前記回転電機へ出力する第2の電圧変換装置とが備えられ、
前記制御装置は、
前記内燃機関および前記回転電機の双方の動力で前記ハイブリッド車両を走行させるハイブリッド走行制御、および前記回転電機の動力のみで前記ハイブリッド車両を走行させる電気走行制御のいずれかの走行制御を実行するための走行制御手段と、
前記走行制御手段による前記電気走行制御中は、前記第1の電圧変換装置および前記第2の電圧変換装置の双方を作動させ、前記走行制御手段による前記ハイブリッド走行制御中は、前記第1の電圧変換装置を作動させ、かつ前記第2の電圧変換装置を停止させるように、前記第1の電圧変換装置および第2の電圧変換装置を制御するための制御手段とを含む、ハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記第1の電圧変換装置および前記第2の電圧変換装置は、前記回転電機に対して並列に結合され、
前記第1の電圧変換装置には、前記回転電機に対して直列に結合された第1のスイッチング素子および第2のスイッチング素子が備えられ、
前記第1の蓄電装置の正極は前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第2のスイッチング素子との中間点に結合され、
前記第1の蓄電装置の負極は前記第2のスイッチング素子の負極側に結合され、
前記制御手段は、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中、前記第1の蓄電装置の出力電圧が前記第2の蓄電装置の出力電圧よりも大きいときは、前記第1のスイッチング素子をオン状態に維持し、かつ前記第2のスイッチング素子をオフ状態に維持するように、前記第1の電圧変換装置を作動させる、請求項1に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御手段は、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中で前記第2の電圧変換装置を停止しているときに、前記第1の蓄電装置および前記第2の蓄電装置の少なくともいずれかの出力電圧の変動による影響で前記第1のスイッチング素子を前記オン状態に維持可能なオン期間が減少するか否かを判断し、前記オン期間が減少すると判断したときは、前記第2の蓄電装置の電力が前記回転電機に出力されるように、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる、請求項2に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。
- 前記制御手段は、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中に前記第2の蓄電装置の充電状態を示す値が予め定められた第1のしきい値を超えた場合に、前記オン期間が減少すると判断して一時的に前記第2の電圧変換装置を作動させ、一時的に前記第2の電圧変換装置を作動させているときに前記第2の蓄電装置の充電状態を示す値が予め定められた第2のしきい値よりも低下した場合に、前記第2の電圧変換装置を再び停止させる、請求項3に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記回転電機の要求電力値を算出するための要求電力算出手段をさらに含み、
前記制御手段は、前記要求電力算出手段によって算出された要求電力値が予め定められた要求電力値を超えている期間だけ、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる、請求項3に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御手段は、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる場合、前記第1の蓄電装置の放電電力よりも前記第2の蓄電装置の放電電力が大きくなるように前記第2の電圧変換装置を作動させる、請求項3に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。
- 前記第1の電圧変換装置および前記第2の電圧変換装置は、前記回転電機に対して並列に結合され、
前記制御手段は、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中、前記第1の蓄電装置の出力電圧が前記第2の蓄電装置の出力電圧よりも小さいときは、前記第1の電圧変換装置の出力電圧が前記第2の蓄電装置の出力電圧よりも大きくなるように前記第1の電圧変換装置を作動させる、請求項1に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記回転電機によって発電される回生電力値を算出するための回生電力算出手段をさらに含み、
前記制御手段は、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中で前記第2の電圧変換装置を停止しているときに、前記回生電力算出手段によって算出された回生電力値が予め定められた電力値を超えているときは、前記回転電機によって発電された回生電力を前記第1の蓄電装置および前記第2の蓄電装置の双方に充電するように、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 前記予め定められた電力値は、前記第1の蓄電装置の充電可能電力値に基づいて決定される、請求項8に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。
- 前記制御手段は、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる場合、前記回生電力のうち前記第1の蓄電装置の充電可能電力値を超える電力が前記第2の蓄電装置に充電されるように、前記第2の電圧変換装置を作動させる、請求項8に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記第1の蓄電装置および前記第2の蓄電装置のいずれかの充電状態を示す値が所定値よりも小さいか否かを判断するための判断手段をさらに含み、
前記走行制御手段は、前記判断手段によって前記充電状態を示す値が前記所定値よりも小さいと判断された場合、前記ハイブリッド走行制御を実行し、前記判断手段によって前記充電状態を示す値が前記所定値よりも小さいと判断されない場合、前記電気走行制御を実行する、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載のハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 内燃機関および回転電機の少なくともいずれかを動力源とするハイブリッド車両を制御する制御装置が行なう制御方法であって、前記ハイブリッド車両には、第1の蓄電装置と、前記第1の蓄電装置の出力電圧を変換して前記回転電機へ出力する第1の電圧変換装置と、第2の蓄電装置と、前記第2の蓄電装置の出力電圧を変換して前記回転電機へ出力する第2の電圧変換装置とが備えられ、
前記制御方法は、
前記内燃機関および前記回転電機の双方の動力で前記ハイブリッド車両を走行させるハイブリッド走行制御、および前記回転電機の動力のみで前記ハイブリッド車両を走行させる電気走行制御のいずれかの走行制御を実行する走行制御ステップと、
前記走行制御ステップによる前記電気走行制御中は、前記第1の電圧変換装置および前記第2の電圧変換装置の双方を作動させ、前記走行制御ステップによる前記ハイブリッド走行制御中は、前記第1の電圧変換装置を作動させ、かつ前記第2の電圧変換装置を停止させるように、前記第1の電圧変換装置および第2の電圧変換装置を制御する制御ステップとを含む、ハイブリッド車両の制御方法。 - 前記第1の電圧変換装置および前記第2の電圧変換装置は、前記回転電機に対して並列に結合され、
前記第1の電圧変換装置には、前記回転電機に対して直列に結合された第1のスイッチング素子および第2のスイッチング素子が備えられ、
前記第1の蓄電装置の正極は前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第2のスイッチング素子との中間点に結合され、
前記第1の蓄電装置の負極は前記第2のスイッチング素子の負極側に結合され、
前記制御ステップは、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中、前記第1の蓄電装置の出力電圧が前記第2の蓄電装置の出力電圧よりも大きいときは、前記第1のスイッチング素子をオン状態に維持し、かつ前記第2のスイッチング素子をオフ状態に維持するように、前記第1の電圧変換装置を作動させる、請求項12に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。 - 前記制御ステップは、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中で前記第2の電圧変換装置を停止しているときに、前記第1の蓄電装置および前記第2の蓄電装置の少なくともいずれかの出力電圧の変動による影響で前記第1のスイッチング素子を前記オン状態に維持可能なオン期間が減少するか否かを判断し、前記オン期間が減少すると判断したときは、前記第2の蓄電装置の電力が前記回転電機に出力されるように、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる、請求項13に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
- 前記制御ステップは、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中に前記第2の蓄電装置の充電状態を示す値が予め定められた第1のしきい値を超えた場合に、前記オン期間が減少すると判断して一時的に前記第2の電圧変換装置を作動させ、一時的に前記第2の電圧変換装置を作動させているときに前記第2の蓄電装置の充電状態を示す値が予め定められた第2のしきい値よりも低下した場合に、前記第2の電圧変換装置を再び停止させる、請求項14に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
- 前記制御方法は、前記回転電機の要求電力値を算出する要求電力算出ステップをさらに含み、
前記制御ステップは、前記要求電力算出ステップで算出された要求電力値が予め定められた要求電力値を超えている期間だけ、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる、請求項14に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。 - 前記制御ステップは、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる場合、前記第1の蓄電装置の放電電力よりも前記第2の蓄電装置の放電電力が大きくなるように前記第2の電圧変換装置を作動させる、請求項14に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
- 前記第1の電圧変換装置および前記第2の電圧変換装置は、前記回転電機に対して並列に結合され、
前記制御ステップは、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中、前記第1の蓄電装置の出力電圧が前記第2の蓄電装置の出力電圧よりも小さいときは、前記第1の電圧変換装置の出力電圧が前記第2の蓄電装置の出力電圧よりも大きくなるように前記第1の電圧変換装置を作動させる、請求項12に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。 - 前記制御方法は、前記回転電機によって発電される回生電力値を算出する回生電力算出ステップをさらに含み、
前記制御ステップは、前記ハイブリッド走行制御中で前記第2の電圧変換装置を停止しているときに、前記回生電力算出ステップで算出された回生電力値が予め定められた電力値を超えているときは、前記回転電機によって発電された回生電力を前記第1の蓄電装置および前記第2の蓄電装置の双方に充電するように、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる、請求項12〜18のいずれかに記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。 - 前記予め定められた電力値は、前記第1の蓄電装置の充電可能電力値に基づいて決定される、請求項19に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
- 前記制御ステップは、前記第2の電圧変換装置を一時的に作動させる場合、前記回生電力のうち前記第1の蓄電装置の充電可能電力値を超える電力が前記第2の蓄電装置に充電されるように、前記第2の電圧変換装置を作動させる、請求項19に記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
- 前記制御方法は、前記第1の蓄電装置および前記第2の蓄電装置のいずれかの充電状態を示す値が所定値よりも小さいか否かを判断する判断ステップをさらに含み、
前記走行制御ステップは、前記判断ステップで前記充電状態を示す値が前記所定値よりも小さいと判断された場合、前記ハイブリッド走行制御を実行し、前記判断ステップで前記充電状態を示す値が前記所定値よりも小さいと判断されない場合、前記電気走行制御を実行する、請求項12〜21のいずれかに記載のハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
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