JP2010001378A - Fluidized bed gasification apparatus - Google Patents

Fluidized bed gasification apparatus Download PDF

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JP2010001378A
JP2010001378A JP2008161235A JP2008161235A JP2010001378A JP 2010001378 A JP2010001378 A JP 2010001378A JP 2008161235 A JP2008161235 A JP 2008161235A JP 2008161235 A JP2008161235 A JP 2008161235A JP 2010001378 A JP2010001378 A JP 2010001378A
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fluidized bed
bed gasification
furnace
gasification furnace
fluidized
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JP5286967B2 (en
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Katsuaki Matsuzawa
克明 松澤
Hiroaki Ohara
宏明 大原
Toshiyuki Suda
俊之 須田
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IHI Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluidized bed gasification apparatus which can equally spread a raw material to all the corners of a gasification furnace, even when the fluidized bed gasification furnace is enlarged, and can save energy, even when the heat-radiating surface of the fluidized bed gasification furnace is increased. <P>SOLUTION: Provided is the fluidized bed gasification apparatus characterized by cylindrically forming the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 and disposing a combustion furnace 2 so that the lower portion of the combustion furnace 2 is received in the center of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 and the upper portion is upward projected from the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は流動層ガス化装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a fluidized bed gasifier.

従来より、ガス化装置においては、石炭或いはバイオマス等の原料に水蒸気等のガス化剤を反応させ、一酸化炭素、炭化水素、水素、メタン等を主成分とするガス化ガスを製造することが提案されており、斯かるガス化ガスの製造装置としては、例えば特許文献１に示すような２塔式の流動層ガス化装置がある。特許文献１の流動層ガス化装置では、流動層ガス化炉と、該流動層ガス化炉に供給流路を介し接続された燃焼炉と、該燃焼炉の上側部に移送管を介し接続されて分離器と、該分離機器と流動層ガス化炉を接続する降下管とを備えている。   Conventionally, in a gasifier, a gasification gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, methane, etc. is produced by reacting a gasifying agent such as steam with a raw material such as coal or biomass. As an apparatus for producing such a gasification gas, there is a two-column fluidized bed gasification apparatus as shown in Patent Document 1, for example. In the fluidized bed gasification apparatus of Patent Document 1, a fluidized bed gasification furnace, a combustion furnace connected to the fluidized bed gasification furnace via a supply channel, and an upper portion of the combustion furnace are connected via a transfer pipe. And a separator, and a downcomer connecting the separator and the fluidized bed gasifier.

流動層ガス化炉は、水蒸気により砂等の高温の流動媒体を流動化して流動層を形成し、流動層に投入された石炭、バイオマス等の原料を流動媒体と共に攪拌し加熱して、還元反応によりガス化ガスを生成させ、生成されたガス化ガスを後工程へ供給し、流動媒体及び原料のガス化により生成された未燃のチャーの一部を、供給流路から前記燃焼炉に供給し得るよう形成されている。燃焼炉は、前記流動層ガス化炉から供給された流動媒体及びチャーを風箱からの空気により高速で流動化すると共に、チャーを燃焼させて流動媒体を加熱しつつ上昇させ、燃焼ガスに同伴された流動媒体及び未燃のチャーを移送管から前記分離器に供給するよう形成されている。分離器は、燃焼炉からの燃焼ガスと流動媒体及びチャーを分離し、流動媒体及びチャーを降下管から前記流動層ガス化炉に循環、供給するよう形成されている。
特開２００５−４１９５９号公報 A fluidized bed gasification furnace fluidizes a high-temperature fluidized medium such as sand with water vapor to form a fluidized bed, and stirs and heats the raw materials such as coal and biomass charged in the fluidized bed together with the fluidized medium to reduce the reaction. To generate a gasified gas, supply the generated gasified gas to the subsequent process, and supply a part of the unburned char generated by gasification of the fluidized medium and the raw material to the combustion furnace from the supply channel It is formed to be able to. The combustion furnace fluidizes the fluidized medium and char supplied from the fluidized bed gasification furnace at high speed with the air from the windbox, and also burns the char and raises the fluidized medium while heating, accompanied by the combustion gas. The formed fluid medium and unburned char are supplied from the transfer pipe to the separator. The separator is configured to separate the combustion gas from the combustion furnace from the fluidized medium and char, and to circulate and supply the fluidized medium and char from the downcomer to the fluidized bed gasifier.
JP 2005-41959 A

しかしながら、特許文献１の流動層ガス化装置では、原料をガス化するために流動層ガス化炉において流動媒体を流動させて流動層を形成する必要があるが、原料の処理量が多くなるに従い、流動層を形成する流動媒体の量も多くなる。従って、特許文献１の装置では、流動層ガス化炉自体が大型化し、このため、原料を流動層ガス化炉の隅々まで満遍なく行き渡らせることが困難となってガス化ガスは計画通りには生成されず、しかも未反応のチャーが燃焼炉に排出されてしまう。又、流動層ガス化炉が大型化することにより、当該ガス化炉の表面積も大きくなり、放熱面積が増大するため、省エネルギ上不利である。   However, in the fluidized bed gasification apparatus of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to form a fluidized bed by flowing a fluidized medium in a fluidized bed gasification furnace in order to gasify the raw material, but as the processing amount of the raw material increases, In addition, the amount of the fluid medium that forms the fluidized bed also increases. Therefore, in the apparatus of Patent Document 1, the fluidized bed gasification furnace itself is enlarged, and it is difficult to distribute the raw material uniformly to every corner of the fluidized bed gasification furnace. It is not produced, and unreacted char is discharged into the combustion furnace. In addition, when the fluidized bed gasification furnace is enlarged, the surface area of the gasification furnace is increased and the heat radiation area is increased, which is disadvantageous in terms of energy saving.

本発明は、上述の実情に鑑み、流動層ガス化炉が大型化しても、原料が炉の隅々まで満遍なく行き渡るようにすると共に、流動層ガス化炉の放熱面積が大きくなっても、省エネルギを図ることができるようにした流動層ガス化装置を提供することを目的としてなしたものである。   In view of the above-described circumstances, the present invention allows the raw material to spread evenly to every corner of the furnace even when the fluidized bed gasification furnace is enlarged, and saves heat even if the heat radiation area of the fluidized bed gasification furnace is increased. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed gasifier capable of achieving energy.

本発明の請求項１の流動層ガス化装置は、原料を流動層を形成する高温の流動媒体と共に攪拌することで原料のガス化を行う流動層ガス化炉と、該流動層ガス化炉から供給された流動媒体をチャーの燃焼により加熱させつつ上昇させる燃焼炉と、該燃焼炉から燃焼ガスに同伴されて供給された流動媒体及びチャーを燃焼ガスから分離する分離器と、該分離器で分離された流動媒体及びチャーを前記流動層ガス化炉へ供給する降下管を備えた流動層ガス化装置であって、前記流動層ガス化炉は筒状に形成されると共に、前記流動層ガス化炉の径方向中心部には、下部が前記流動層ガス化炉内に収納されて上部が流動層ガス化炉上方へ突出するよう、燃焼炉が設けられているものである。   The fluidized bed gasification apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a fluidized bed gasification furnace that gasifies the raw material by stirring the raw material together with a high-temperature fluidized medium that forms the fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed gasification furnace. A combustion furnace that raises the supplied fluid medium while being heated by combustion of the char; a separator that separates the fluid medium and char supplied from the combustion furnace accompanied by the combustion gas from the combustion gas; and A fluidized bed gasification apparatus comprising a downcomer for supplying the separated fluidized medium and char to the fluidized bed gasification furnace, wherein the fluidized bed gasification furnace is formed in a cylindrical shape and the fluidized bed gas A combustion furnace is provided at a central portion in the radial direction of the gasification furnace so that a lower part is accommodated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace and an upper part projects upward from the fluidized bed gasification furnace.

本発明の請求項２の流動層ガス化装置においては、流動層ガス化炉に原料を供給する位置と流動媒体及びチャーを流動層ガス化炉から燃焼炉に供給する位置とは、流動媒体流動方向下流側に向かい３００〜３６０度程度位相が異なっている。   In the fluidized bed gasification apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, the position of supplying the raw material to the fluidized bed gasification furnace and the position of supplying the fluidized medium and char from the fluidized bed gasification furnace to the combustion furnace The phase is different by about 300 to 360 degrees toward the downstream side.

本発明の請求項３の流動層ガス化装置は、原料を流動層を形成する高温の流動媒体と共に攪拌することで原料のガス化を行う流動層ガス化炉と、該流動層ガス化炉から供給された流動媒体をチャーの燃焼により加熱させつつ上昇させる燃焼炉と、該燃焼炉から燃焼ガスに同伴されて供給された流動媒体及びチャーを燃焼ガスから分離する分離器と、該分離器で分離された流動媒体及びチャーを前記流動層ガス化炉へ供給する降下管を備えた流動層ガス化装置であって、前記燃焼炉の径方向中心部には、燃焼炉よりも高さの低い筒状の流動層ガス化炉が設けられているものである。   The fluidized bed gasification apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention includes a fluidized bed gasification furnace that gasifies the raw material by stirring the raw material together with a high-temperature fluidized medium that forms the fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed gasification furnace. A combustion furnace that raises the supplied fluid medium while being heated by combustion of the char; a separator that separates the fluid medium and char supplied from the combustion furnace accompanied by the combustion gas from the combustion gas; and A fluidized bed gasification apparatus comprising a downcomer that supplies the separated fluidized medium and char to the fluidized bed gasification furnace, wherein the height in the radial center of the combustion furnace is lower than that of the combustion furnace A cylindrical fluidized bed gasification furnace is provided.

本発明の請求項１〜３に記載の流動層ガス化装置によれば、燃焼炉内の温度は流動層ガス化炉内の温度よりも高いため、燃焼炉内で生成された熱の一部は、流動層ガス化炉と燃焼炉とを仕切る壁部から流動層ガス化炉内の流動媒体に伝達される。従って、流動層ガス化炉が大型化しても、燃焼炉で得られた熱エネルギを流動層ガス化炉において有効に活用することができて省エネルギを図ることができ、又、流動層ガス化炉は筒状であるため、原料は流動層ガス化炉内を隅々まで万遍なく行き渡り、所望の量のガス化ガスを生成させることができる。   According to the fluidized bed gasification apparatus of the first to third aspects of the present invention, since the temperature in the combustion furnace is higher than the temperature in the fluidized bed gasification furnace, a part of the heat generated in the combustion furnace. Is transmitted to the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed gasification furnace from the wall that partitions the fluidized bed gasification furnace and the combustion furnace. Therefore, even if the fluidized bed gasification furnace is enlarged, the thermal energy obtained in the combustion furnace can be effectively utilized in the fluidized bed gasification furnace, and energy can be saved. Since the furnace is cylindrical, the raw material can evenly travel through the fluidized bed gasification furnace to produce a desired amount of gasification gas.

又、請求項２の流動層ガス化装置は、原料が流動層ガス化炉内を周回する間に十分反応が促進されるため、流動層ガス化炉から燃焼炉へ排出される未反応のチャーの量が減少し、その結果、ガス化ガスの生成をより効率的に行うことができる。   Further, in the fluidized bed gasification apparatus according to claim 2, since the reaction is sufficiently promoted while the raw material circulates in the fluidized bed gasification furnace, the unreacted char discharged from the fluidized bed gasification furnace to the combustion furnace. As a result, the gasification gas can be generated more efficiently.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図示例と共に説明する。
図１〜図３は本発明を実施の形態の第一例である。図中、１は外周部の一部を円周方向へ所定の間隔に亘り切除し、この切除部に、平面視で周方向へ所定の角度でＶ字状に開くと共に径方向へ延在する仕切り部１ａ、１ｂを設けた略円筒形状に近い流動層ガス化炉、２は下部を流動層ガス化炉１の中心部に同心状に収納されて、流動層ガス化炉１の上方へ突出する円筒状の燃焼炉、３は燃焼炉２の上端部に移送管４を介して接続されたサイクロン等の分離器、５は分離器３の下端と流動層ガス化炉１上面とに接続された降下管である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a part of the outer peripheral portion that is cut in the circumferential direction at a predetermined interval, and the cut portion is opened in a V shape at a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction in plan view and extends in the radial direction. Fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 having a substantially cylindrical shape provided with partition parts 1a and 1b, 2 is housed concentrically at the center of fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 and protrudes upward from fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 A cylindrical combustion furnace 3 is connected to the upper end of the combustion furnace 2 via a transfer pipe 4, such as a cyclone separator, and 5 is connected to the lower end of the separator 3 and the upper surface of the fluidized bed gasifier 1. A downcomer.

流動層ガス化炉１においては、ボックス部６から水蒸気等のガス化剤を供給して砂等の流動媒体を流動化し高温の流動層７を形成し得るよう形成されており、仕切り部１ａの外部から供給された石炭やバイオマス等の原料を高温の流動媒体と攪拌することで原料のガス化を行い、生成されたガス化ガスは外部へ取り出し得るよう形成されている。   The fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 is formed so that a gasifying agent such as water vapor is supplied from the box portion 6 to fluidize a fluid medium such as sand to form a high temperature fluidized bed 7. The raw material such as coal or biomass supplied from the outside is agitated with a high-temperature fluid medium to gasify the raw material, and the generated gasified gas can be taken out to the outside.

燃焼炉２における、流動層ガス化炉１の仕切り部１ｂ近傍壁部には、仕切り部１ａ外部から流動層ガス化炉１に供給された原料及び仕切り部１ａ近傍で降下管５から流動層ガス化炉１に供給された流動媒体及びチャーが、流動層ガス化炉１内を平面視で約３００〜３６０度周回して、燃焼炉２内に導入されるよう、供給孔８が設けられている。而して、燃焼炉２においては、流動層ガス化炉１から供給孔８を通り供給された流動媒体及びチャーは風箱９から吹き出される空気により流動化されて燃焼炉２内を上昇するよう形成されており、上昇する間にチャーが燃焼して流動媒体が加熱されるよう形成されている。   In the combustion furnace 2, the fluidized bed gas is supplied from the outside of the partition part 1a to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 from the outside of the partition part 1a and from the downcomer pipe 5 in the vicinity of the partition part 1a. A supply hole 8 is provided so that the fluidized medium and char supplied to the gasification furnace 1 may be introduced into the combustion furnace 2 by circulating about 300 to 360 degrees in plan view in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. Yes. Thus, in the combustion furnace 2, the fluid medium and char supplied from the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 through the supply hole 8 are fluidized by the air blown from the wind box 9 and rise in the combustion furnace 2. In this way, the char is combusted while the fluid is rising and the fluidized medium is heated.

分離器３では、燃焼炉２から移送管４を介して供給された燃焼ガスから、流動媒体及びチャーを分離して降下管５から流動層ガス化炉１の仕切り部１ａ近傍内部へ循環させ供給し得るようになっており、排ガスは分離器３頂部から外部へ排出し得るようになっている。   In the separator 3, the fluid medium and the char are separated from the combustion gas supplied from the combustion furnace 2 through the transfer pipe 4, and supplied from the downcomer pipe 5 to the inside of the vicinity of the partition portion 1 a of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. The exhaust gas can be discharged from the top of the separator 3 to the outside.

次に、上記図示例の作動を説明する。
流動層ガス化炉１内には、ボックス部６から水蒸気等のガス化剤が供給され、流動層ガス化炉１内では、高温の流動媒体が流動化されて流動層７が形成されている。又、ガス化炉１には原料が供給されると共に、降下管５から流動媒体及びチャーが供給され、原料は高温の流動媒体と共に攪拌することで原料のガス化が行われ、ガス化ガスは外部へ取り出される。この際、原料の一部は未燃のチャーとなる。 Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.
A gasifying agent such as water vapor is supplied from the box portion 6 into the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, and in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, a high-temperature fluidized medium is fluidized to form a fluidized bed 7. . Further, the raw material is supplied to the gasification furnace 1, and a fluid medium and char are supplied from the downcomer 5, and the raw material is stirred with a high-temperature fluid medium to gasify the raw material. Take out to the outside. At this time, a part of the raw material becomes unburned char.

流動媒体及びチャーは、流動層ガス化炉１内を約３００〜３６０度周回して供給孔８から、流動層ガス化炉１中心側に設けられている燃焼炉２内に供給される。すなわち、流動媒体及びチャーは、流動層ガス化炉１の径方向外周側から中心側へ供給される。燃焼炉２には、風箱９から空気が吹き込まれているため、燃焼炉２においては、流動層ガス化炉１から供給孔８を通り供給された流動媒体及びチャーは空気により流動化されて燃焼炉２内を上昇し、上昇する間にチャーが燃焼して流動媒体が高温に加熱される。   The fluidized medium and char circulate in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 by about 300 to 360 degrees and are supplied from the supply holes 8 into the combustion furnace 2 provided on the center side of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. That is, the fluid medium and the char are supplied from the radially outer peripheral side of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 to the center side. Since air is blown into the combustion furnace 2 from the wind box 9, the fluid medium and char supplied from the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 through the supply holes 8 are fluidized by the air in the combustion furnace 2. The inside of the combustion furnace 2 rises, and during the rise, the char burns and the fluidized medium is heated to a high temperature.

燃焼炉２内を上昇した、流動媒体及びチャーを同伴した燃焼ガスは移送管４から分離器３へ供給され、分離器３では、燃焼ガスから流動媒体及びチャーが分離されて降下管５から流動層ガス化炉１内へ循環、供給され、流動媒体及びチャーが分離された燃焼ガスは排ガスとして排出される。   The combustion gas that has risen in the combustion furnace 2 and accompanied by the fluidized medium and char is supplied from the transfer pipe 4 to the separator 3. In the separator 3, the fluidized medium and char are separated from the combustion gas and flow from the downcomer 5. The combustion gas which is circulated and supplied into the bed gasification furnace 1 and from which the fluidized medium and char are separated is discharged as exhaust gas.

燃焼炉２の下部は流動層ガス化炉１内に収納されているうえ、燃焼炉２内の燃焼ガスの温度は約１，０００℃であり、流動層ガス化炉１内で生成されるガス化ガスの温度は約８００℃である。このため、流動層ガス化炉１内に位置する部分における燃焼炉２の熱は、輻射や伝導により外周壁部を経て流動層ガス化炉１に伝達され、原料のガス化に有効に利用される。   The lower part of the combustion furnace 2 is housed in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 and the temperature of the combustion gas in the combustion furnace 2 is about 1,000 ° C., and the gas generated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 The temperature of the forming gas is about 800 ° C. For this reason, the heat of the combustion furnace 2 in the part located in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 is transmitted to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 through the outer peripheral wall part by radiation and conduction, and is effectively used for the gasification of the raw material. The

本図示例によれば、燃焼炉２内で生成された熱の一部は、燃焼炉２の外周壁部から流動層ガス化炉１内の流動媒体に伝達されるため、燃焼炉２で得られた熱エネルギを流動層ガス化炉１において、従来装置よりも有効に活用することができ、省エネルギを図ることができる。   According to the illustrated example, a part of the heat generated in the combustion furnace 2 is transmitted from the outer peripheral wall portion of the combustion furnace 2 to the fluidized medium in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. In the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, the obtained thermal energy can be used more effectively than the conventional apparatus, and energy saving can be achieved.

又、流動媒体及びチャー並びに原料は、流動層ガス化炉１内を略３００〜３６０度の範囲に亘り周回できる。このため、原料及び流動媒体並びにチャーは、流動層ガス化炉１内を隅々まで万遍なく行き渡り、所望の量のガス化ガスを生成させることができるため、流動層ガス化炉１の大型化が可能である。更に、原料が流動層ガス化炉１内を周回する間に十分反応が促進されるため、流動層ガス化炉１から燃焼炉２へ排出される未反応のチャーの量が減少する。   Further, the fluid medium, the char, and the raw material can circulate in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 over a range of approximately 300 to 360 degrees. For this reason, since the raw material, the fluidized medium, and the char can be uniformly distributed throughout the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 to generate a desired amount of gasification gas, the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 has a large size. Is possible. Furthermore, since the reaction is sufficiently accelerated while the raw material circulates in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, the amount of unreacted char discharged from the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 to the combustion furnace 2 is reduced.

図４〜図８は本発明の実施の形態の第二例である。而して、本図示例の特徴とするところは、流動層ガス化炉１と燃焼炉２の配置が前記実施の形態とは逆のことである。すなわち、本図示例では、燃焼炉２のガス流通路２ａを環状に形成してガス流通路２ａよりも内側に中空部１０を形成し、中空部１０の中心下部に、燃焼炉２よりも高さの低い流動層ガス化炉１を配置しており、供給孔８を流動層ガス化炉１と燃焼炉２とを仕切る壁部に円周方向へ一定の間隔で複数個（図示例では４個）設けている。図中、図１〜図３に示す符号と同一のものには同一の符号が付してある。   4 to 8 show a second example of the embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the feature of the illustrated example is that the arrangement of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 and the combustion furnace 2 is opposite to that of the above embodiment. That is, in the illustrated example, the gas flow passage 2 a of the combustion furnace 2 is formed in an annular shape, the hollow portion 10 is formed inside the gas flow passage 2 a, and the hollow portion 10 is formed at a lower center than the combustion furnace 2. A fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 having a small height is arranged, and a plurality of supply holes 8 are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction on a wall portion that partitions the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 and the combustion furnace 2 (in the illustrated example, 4 Provided). In the figure, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those shown in FIGS.

本図示例の装置の作動は前記図示例と同様であるが、流動媒体及びチャーの流動層ガス化炉１から燃焼炉２への流動方向は、前記図示例とは逆で、平面視で流動層ガス化炉１の径方向中心側から外周側へ流動する。すなわち、流動媒体及び未燃のチャーは、流動層ガス化炉１から各供給孔８を通り、流動層ガス化炉１を包囲するよう、流動層ガス化炉１の外周側に設けられている燃焼炉２のガス流通路２ａへ供給される。燃焼炉２へ供給された流動媒体とチャーは、燃焼ガスと共に上昇して高温となり、燃焼炉２の上端において、移送管４から燃焼炉２の中心側に設けらている分離器３へ供給されて燃焼ガスから分離され、燃焼炉２及び流動層ガス化炉１の軸心部に設けられている降下管５から流動層ガス化炉１内へ循環、供給される。   The operation of the apparatus of the illustrated example is the same as that of the illustrated example, but the flow direction of the fluid medium and char from the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 to the combustion furnace 2 is opposite to the illustrated example and flows in plan view. It flows from the radial direction center side of the bed gasification furnace 1 to the outer peripheral side. That is, the fluidized medium and the unburned char are provided on the outer peripheral side of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 so as to surround the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 through the supply holes 8 from the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. It is supplied to the gas flow passage 2 a of the combustion furnace 2. The fluid medium and char supplied to the combustion furnace 2 rise together with the combustion gas to a high temperature, and are supplied from the transfer pipe 4 to the separator 3 provided on the center side of the combustion furnace 2 at the upper end of the combustion furnace 2. The gas is separated from the combustion gas, and is circulated and supplied into the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 from the downcomer 5 provided at the axial center of the combustion furnace 2 and the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1.

而して、本図示例においては、燃焼炉２内で生成された熱の一部は、燃焼炉２の内壁部と流動層ガス化炉１の外壁部とを兼ねた周壁部から流動層ガス化炉１内の流動媒体に伝達されるため、燃焼炉２で得られた熱エネルギを流動層ガス化炉１において、従来装置よりも有効に活用することができ、省エネルギを図ることができる。又、原料及び流動媒体並びにチャーは、流動層ガス化炉１内を隅々まで万遍なく行き渡り、所望の量のガス化ガスを生成させることができるため、流動層ガス化炉１の大型化が可能である。   Thus, in the illustrated example, a part of the heat generated in the combustion furnace 2 is fluidized bed gas from the peripheral wall part that serves as the inner wall part of the combustion furnace 2 and the outer wall part of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. Since the heat energy obtained in the combustion furnace 2 can be utilized more effectively in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 than in the conventional apparatus, energy can be saved. . In addition, since the raw material, the fluidized medium, and the char can be uniformly distributed throughout the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 to generate a desired amount of gasification gas, the fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 can be enlarged. Is possible.

なお、本発明の流動層ガス化装置の実施の形態の第一例においては、流動層ガス化炉を略円筒形状とする場合について説明したが、完全な円筒形状に形成して内部に仕切り板を設ける構造とすることもできること、その他、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。   In the first example of the embodiment of the fluidized bed gasification apparatus of the present invention, the case where the fluidized bed gasification furnace has a substantially cylindrical shape has been described. Of course, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

本発明の流動層ガス化装置の実施の形態の第一例の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the 1st example of an embodiment of a fluidized bed gasification device of the present invention. 図１の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 図２のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ方向矢視図である。It is a III-III direction arrow directional view of FIG. 本発明の流動層ガス化装置の実施の形態の第二例の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the 2nd example of embodiment of the fluidized-bed gasification apparatus of this invention. 図４の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 図５のＶＩ−ＶＩ方向矢視図である。It is a VI-VI direction arrow directional view of FIG. 図５のＶＩＩ−ＶＩＩ方向矢視図である。It is a VII-VII direction arrow line view of FIG. 図５のＶＩＩＩ−ＶＩＩＩ方向矢視図である。It is a VIII-VIII direction arrow directional view of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 流動層ガス化炉
２ 燃焼炉
３ 分離器
５ 降下管
７ 流動層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluidized bed gasification furnace 2 Combustion furnace 3 Separator 5 Downcomer 7 Fluidized bed

Claims (3)

原料を流動層を形成する高温の流動媒体と共に攪拌することで原料のガス化を行う流動層ガス化炉と、該流動層ガス化炉から供給された流動媒体をチャーの燃焼により加熱させつつ上昇させる燃焼炉と、該燃焼炉から燃焼ガスに同伴されて供給された流動媒体及びチャーを前記燃焼ガスから分離する分離器と、該分離器で分離された流動媒体及びチャーを前記流動層ガス化炉へ供給する降下管を備えた流動層ガス化装置であって、前記流動層ガス化炉は筒状に形成されると共に、前記流動層ガス化炉の径方向中心部には、下部が前記流動層ガス化炉内に収納されて上部が流動層ガス化炉上方へ突出するよう、燃焼炉が設けられていることを特徴とする流動層ガス化装置。   A fluidized bed gasification furnace that gasifies the raw material by stirring the raw material together with a high-temperature fluidized medium that forms a fluidized bed, and the fluidized medium supplied from the fluidized bed gasification furnace is heated while being heated by combustion of char. A combustion furnace for separating the fluidized medium and char supplied with the combustion gas from the combustion furnace, and the fluidized medium and char separated by the separator in the fluidized bed gasification A fluidized bed gasification apparatus having a downcomer pipe to be supplied to a furnace, wherein the fluidized bed gasification furnace is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a lower portion is disposed at a central portion in a radial direction of the fluidized bed gasification furnace. A fluidized bed gasification apparatus characterized in that a combustion furnace is provided so as to be housed in a fluidized bed gasification furnace and the upper part protrudes upward from the fluidized bed gasification furnace. 流動層ガス化炉に原料を供給する位置と流動媒体及びチャーを流動層ガス化炉から燃焼炉に供給する位置とは、流動媒体流動方向下流側に向かい３００〜３６０度程度位相が異なっている請求項１に記載の流動層ガス化装置。   The position where the raw material is supplied to the fluidized bed gasification furnace and the position where the fluidized medium and the char are supplied from the fluidized bed gasification furnace to the combustion furnace are different in phase by about 300 to 360 degrees toward the downstream side in the fluidized medium flow direction. The fluidized bed gasifier according to claim 1. 原料を流動層を形成する高温の流動媒体と共に攪拌することで原料のガス化を行う流動層ガス化炉と、該流動層ガス化炉から供給された流動媒体をチャーの燃焼により加熱させつつ上昇させる燃焼炉と、該燃焼炉から燃焼ガスに同伴されて供給された流動媒体及びチャーを前記燃焼ガスから分離する分離器と、該分離器で分離された流動媒体及びチャーを前記流動層ガス化炉へ供給する降下管を備えた流動層ガス化装置であって、前記燃焼炉の径方向中心部には、燃焼炉よりも高さが低い筒状の流動層ガス化炉が設けられていることを特徴とする流動層ガス化装置。   A fluidized bed gasification furnace that gasifies the raw material by stirring the raw material together with a high-temperature fluidized medium that forms a fluidized bed, and the fluidized medium supplied from the fluidized bed gasification furnace is heated while being heated by combustion of char. A combustion furnace for separating the fluidized medium and char supplied with the combustion gas from the combustion furnace, and the fluidized medium and char separated by the separator in the fluidized bed gasification A fluidized bed gasification apparatus having a downcomer pipe for supplying to a furnace, wherein a cylindrical fluidized bed gasification furnace having a height lower than that of the combustion furnace is provided at a central portion in a radial direction of the combustion furnace. A fluidized bed gasifier characterized by the above.
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JPS5773076A (en) * 1980-06-19 1982-05-07 Daizo Kunii Thermal decomposition and gasification apparatus of combustible material with particulate and granular material circulating through fluidized bed
JPH07207284A (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-08-08 Mita Ind Co Ltd Coal gasifier
JPH11181450A (en) * 1997-12-18 1999-07-06 Ebara Corp Integrated gasification furnace
JP2002253948A (en) * 2001-03-01 2002-09-10 Ebara Corp Desulfurizing method and apparatus
JP2007277376A (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-25 Ihi Corp Pyrolysis gasifying apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5773076A (en) * 1980-06-19 1982-05-07 Daizo Kunii Thermal decomposition and gasification apparatus of combustible material with particulate and granular material circulating through fluidized bed
JPH07207284A (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-08-08 Mita Ind Co Ltd Coal gasifier
JPH11181450A (en) * 1997-12-18 1999-07-06 Ebara Corp Integrated gasification furnace
JP2002253948A (en) * 2001-03-01 2002-09-10 Ebara Corp Desulfurizing method and apparatus
JP2007277376A (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-25 Ihi Corp Pyrolysis gasifying apparatus

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