JP2009255922A - Snow flying-up restraining structure of railroad vehicle - Google Patents

Snow flying-up restraining structure of railroad vehicle Download PDF

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JP2009255922A
JP2009255922A JP2009185386A JP2009185386A JP2009255922A JP 2009255922 A JP2009255922 A JP 2009255922A JP 2009185386 A JP2009185386 A JP 2009185386A JP 2009185386 A JP2009185386 A JP 2009185386A JP 2009255922 A JP2009255922 A JP 2009255922A
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snow
vehicle
vehicle body
climbing
view
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Shigehiro Iikura
茂弘 飯倉
Toru Endo
徹 遠藤
Katsuhisa Kawashima
克久 河島
Atsushi Imon
敦志 井門
Tamotsu Hibino
有 日比野
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Railway Technical Research Institute
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Railway Technical Research Institute
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a snow flying-up restraining structure of a railroad vehicle capable of restraining flying-up of snow from a lower part of a moving body in a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: Air flows in direction A B between a vehicle body bottom surface 4 and a snow-covered surface S<SB>1</SB>relatively toward the rear tail side from the head side of a vehicle 1 with the vehicle 1 as a standard in the case when the vehicle 1 travels in a direction A. Pressure differential is formed in the inside of a snow-covered layer S<SB>2</SB>when pressure gradient in the inside of the snow-covered layer S<SB>2</SB>increases in such a state that snow is wet, and a surface layer of the snow-covered layer S<SB>2</SB>is lifted up by tensile and shear fracture and peeled off in a massive shape toward the snow-covered surface S<SB>1</SB>which is the low pressure side from the inside of the snow-covered layer S<SB>2</SB>which is the high pressure side. Consequently, the snow peeled off by train wind flies up and the flying-up of the snow occurs. Since an inclined part 7e restrains the air flowing along the vehicle body bottom surface 4 from peeling off from underfloor devices 4a and 4b, pressure fluctuation below the vehicle body 3 decreases and the pressure gradient in the snow-covered layer S<SB>2</SB>is eased and the flying-up of the snow is restrained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、鉄道車両が軌道上を走行するときにこの軌道上に降り積もった雪の舞上りを抑制する鉄道車両の雪舞上り抑制構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a structure for suppressing snow climbing of a railway vehicle that suppresses the snow climbing on the track when the railway vehicle travels on the track.

新幹線などの高速列車では、冬季に降雪区間を通過すると雪が舞上り床下機器や台車に付着する現象が知られている。このような雪の舞上りを防止するために、大規模な散水装置を降雪区間に設置して濡れ雪化を図り雪の舞上りを抑制したり、降雪時には列車の速度を規制して雪の舞上りを抑制したりしている。また、従来の鉄道車両の着雪防止装置は、車体下部の床下機器を覆うカバーに装着される伸縮可能な袋体と、この袋体を膨張及び収縮させるために袋体に圧縮空気を定期的に給排気する空気給排気機構とを備えている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。このような従来の鉄道車両の着雪防止装置では、袋体を定期的に膨張及び圧縮させてこの袋体に付着した雪を除去し着雪を防止している。   In high-speed trains such as the Shinkansen, it is known that when snow passes through a snowfall section in winter, the snow rises and adheres to underfloor equipment and carts. In order to prevent such snow climbing, a large-scale water sprinkler is installed in the snowfall section to prevent wet snowfall and to prevent snow climbing. The dance is suppressed. In addition, the conventional snow accretion prevention device for a railway vehicle includes an expandable and contractible bag that is attached to a cover that covers an underfloor device at the bottom of the vehicle body, and compressed air is periodically supplied to the bag in order to expand and contract the bag. And an air supply / exhaust mechanism for supplying and exhausting air (see Patent Document 1, for example). In such a conventional snow accretion prevention device for a railway vehicle, the bag body is periodically inflated and compressed to remove snow adhering to the bag body to prevent snow accretion.

雪の舞上りの発生原因には、列車の走行にともなって発生する空気の流れ（以下、列車風という）によって積雪表面の雪粒子を動かす現象と、列車の通過時に発生する圧力勾配にともなって積雪表層が剥離し飛散する現象とがある（例えば、非特許文献１参照）。散水の影響を殆ど受けていない乾いた雪が表面に露出しているときには、地吹雪のように粒子単位で雪が飛散する。一方、散水によって積雪が変質しているときには、列車通過時に発生する車両床下の圧力変動（圧力変動時の急激な気圧の降下）によって積雪表層が塊状に剥離して飛散する。積雪層内に発生する圧力勾配は、列車通過時に発生する車両床下の圧力変動時の急速な気圧の降下が原因となり発生し、積雪層内の圧力勾配が大きくなるほど雪の舞上りが発生しやすくなる。   The cause of the snow drift is due to the phenomenon that the snow particles on the surface of the snow are moved by the flow of air generated as the train travels (hereinafter referred to as train wind) and the pressure gradient that occurs when the train passes. There is a phenomenon in which the snow surface layer peels off and scatters (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). When dry snow that is hardly affected by water spray is exposed on the surface, the snow is scattered in units of particles like a snowstorm. On the other hand, when the snow cover is altered due to water spraying, the snow surface layer peels off in a lump and scatters due to pressure fluctuations under the vehicle floor that occur when the train passes (a sudden drop in atmospheric pressure during pressure fluctuations). The pressure gradient generated in the snow layer is caused by a rapid pressure drop when the pressure fluctuates under the vehicle floor when passing through the train. Become.

特開2002-067956号公報JP 2002-067956 A

河島克久、遠藤徹、藤井俊茂、新幹線の雪の舞上り防止に関する基礎的研究、鉄道総研報告、1994年7月、第7頁〜第12頁Katsuhisa Kawashima, Toru Endo, Toshige Fujii, Basic research on the snow drift prevention of Shinkansen, Railway Research Institute report, July 1994, pp. 7-12

従来の鉄道車両の着雪防止装置は、雪が舞上り床下機器や台車に付着することを前提にした対処方法であり、装置が複雑で大型化し高価になってしまう問題点があった。また、従来の鉄道車両の着雪防止装置は、床下機器のカバーに袋体が装着されているためこの装着箇所の着雪を部分的に防止することは可能であるが、雪の舞上り自体を防止することは不可能であり、列車の連結部や空隙部などへの着雪を防止できないという問題点があった。このように、従来、列車通過時に発生する圧力変動による雪の舞上り自体を抑制する方法がなく、今後の列車の高速化にともなって床下機器や台車に対する着雪防止が大きな課題になっている。   The conventional snow prevention device for a railway vehicle is a coping method based on the premise that snow adheres to the underfloor equipment and the bogie, and there is a problem that the device becomes complicated, large, and expensive. In addition, since conventional railcar snow accretion prevention devices have a bag attached to the cover of the underfloor equipment, it is possible to partially prevent snow at this location, but the snow rises itself. It is impossible to prevent this, and there is a problem that it is not possible to prevent the snow from accumulating on the connecting part or the gap part of the train. Thus, there is no conventional method for suppressing the snow drift itself due to pressure fluctuations that occur when passing through the train, and with the future speedup of trains, prevention of snow accretion to underfloor equipment and carts has become a major issue. .

この発明の課題は、簡単な構造によって移動体の下部からの雪の舞上りを抑制することができる鉄道車両の雪舞上り抑制構造を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a structure for suppressing the rise of snow in a railway vehicle that can suppress the rise of snow from the lower part of a moving body with a simple structure.

この発明は、以下に記載するような解決手段により、前記課題を解決する。
なお、この発明の実施形態に対応する符号を付して説明するが、この実施形態に限定するものではない。
請求項１の発明は、鉄道車両（１）が軌道上を走行するときにこの軌道上に降り積もった雪の舞上りを抑制する鉄道車両の雪舞上り抑制構造であって、前記鉄道車両の車体底面（４）に沿って流れる空気がこの車体底面に設置された床下機器（４ａ，４ｂ）から剥離するのを抑制する傾斜部（７ｅ）を備え、前記傾斜部は、前記車体底面から前記床下機器に向かって下方に傾斜するようにこの床下機器の前方及び後方に設置されており、前記傾斜部は、前記車体底面に対する角度（θ2）が30°以下であることを特徴とする鉄道車両の雪舞上り抑制構造である。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by the solving means described below.
In addition, although the code | symbol corresponding to embodiment of this invention is attached | subjected and demonstrated, it is not limited to this embodiment.
The invention of claim 1 is a structure for suppressing the snow climbing of a railway vehicle that suppresses the snow climbing on the track when the railway vehicle (1) travels on the track. An inclined portion (7e) that suppresses separation of air flowing along the bottom surface (4) from the underfloor equipment (4a, 4b) installed on the bottom surface of the vehicle body, and the inclined portion extends from the bottom surface of the vehicle body to the under floor surface. The railway vehicle is installed in front and rear of the underfloor equipment so as to incline downward toward the equipment, and the inclined portion has an angle (θ 2 ) with respect to the bottom surface of the vehicle body of 30 ° or less. This is a snow climbing suppression structure.

この発明によると、簡単な構造によって移動体の下部からの雪の舞上りを抑制することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the rising of snow from the lower part of the moving body with a simple structure.

この発明の第１実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造を備える車両の側面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side view of a vehicle provided with a snow climb control structure for a moving body according to a first embodiment of the present invention. この発明の第１実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、（Ａ）は側面図であり、（Ｂ）は底面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is an external view of the snow climb control structure of the moving body which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a side view, (B) is a bottom view. この発明の第１実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the snow climb control structure of the moving body which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. この発明の第２実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、（Ａ）は側面図であり、（Ｂ）は底面図である。It is an external view of the snow climb control structure of the moving body which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a side view, (B) is a bottom view. この発明の第２実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the snow climb control structure of the moving body which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. この発明の第３実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、（Ａ）は側面図であり、（Ｂ）は底面図である。It is an external view of the snow climbing suppression structure of the moving body which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a side view, (B) is a bottom view. この発明の第３実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the snow climb control structure of the moving body which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. この発明の第４実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、（Ａ）は側面図であり、（Ｂ）は底面図である。It is an external view of the snow climbing suppression structure of the moving body which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a side view, (B) is a bottom view. この発明の第４実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the snow climb control structure of the moving body which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. この発明の第５実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、（Ａ）は側面図であり、（Ｂ）は底面図である。It is an external view of the snow climb control structure of the moving body which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a side view, (B) is a bottom view. この発明の第５実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the snow climb control structure of the moving body which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. この発明の第６実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造を備える車両の側面図である。It is a side view of a vehicle provided with the snow climb control structure of the moving body concerning a 6th embodiment of this invention. 雪の舞上り試験装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of a snow rising test apparatus. 雪の舞上り試験に使用した試験体の縦断面図であり、（Ａ）は従来例の縦断面図であり、（Ｂ）は比較例１の縦断面図であり、（Ｃ）は比較例２の縦断面図であり、（Ｄ）〜（Ｇ）は実施例１〜４の縦断面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the test body used for the snow climbing test, (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a prior art example, (B) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the comparative example 1, (C) is a comparative example. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 2, and (D) to (G) are longitudinal sectional views of Examples 1 to 4. FIG. 雪の舞上り試験の測定結果を示すグラフであり、（Ａ）は従来例の測定結果であり、（Ｂ）は比較例１の測定結果であり、（Ｃ）は比較例２の測定結果であり、（Ｄ）〜（Ｇ）は実施例１〜４の測定結果である。It is a graph which shows the measurement result of a snow climbing test, (A) is a measurement result of a prior art example, (B) is a measurement result of the comparative example 1, (C) is a measurement result of the comparative example 2. Yes, (D)-(G) are the measurement results of Examples 1-4. 75km/h及び150km/hのときの最大圧力勾配を従来例、比較例１，２及び実施例１〜４毎に示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the maximum pressure gradient at the time of 75 km / h and 150 km / h for every conventional example, Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and Examples 1-4.

（第１実施形態）
以下、図面を参照して、この発明の第１実施形態について詳しく説明する。
図１は、この発明の第１実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造を備える車両の側面図である。図２は、この発明の第１実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、図２（Ａ）は側面図であり、図２（Ｂ）は底面図である。図３は、この発明の第１実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。 (First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a vehicle provided with a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2A and 2B are external views of the snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2A is a side view, and FIG. 2B is a bottom view. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

図１に示す積雪Ｓは、車両１が走行する軌道上に降り積もった雪であり、積雪面Ｓ1と積雪層Ｓ2とからなる。車両１は、軌道に沿って移動する移動体である。車両１は、300km/h以上の高速で走行する新幹線車両などであり、台車２と車体３などを備えている。車両１は、図１に示すように、積雪面Ｓ1上をＡ方向に走行している。台車２は、車体３を支持して走行する走行装置であり、車体３の底面凹部６に設置されている。台車２は、図２に示すように、レールと転がり接触する車輪２ａと、この車輪２ａを取り付ける車軸２ｂと、この車軸２ｂを支持する台車枠２ｃなどから構成されている。車体３は、乗客を積載し輸送するための構造物であり、車体底面（車両床下）４と、車体側面５と、底面凹部６などを備えている。車体底面４は、軌道面と対向する側の面であり、図１に示すように耐寒耐雪車両の雪氷害対策の一つとして車両１の床下機器が平坦なカバーによって覆われた床下平滑化構造等の鉄道車両の底面である。車体側面５は、軌道面に対して略垂直な面である。底面凹部６は、台車２を収納する収納部であり、床下平滑化構造等の車体底面４に形成された切欠部（キャビティ）である。底面凹部６は、図３に示すように、台車２を支持する略水平な底面６ａと、この底面６ａの長さ方向（車両１の長さ方向）の両端部にそれぞれ形成され底面６ａに対して角度θ1=60°程度で下方に傾斜する傾斜面６ｂなどを備えている。 The snow cover S shown in FIG. 1 is snow that has fallen on the track on which the vehicle 1 travels, and includes a snow cover surface S 1 and a snow cover layer S 2 . The vehicle 1 is a moving body that moves along a track. The vehicle 1 is a bullet train that travels at a high speed of 300 km / h or more, and includes a carriage 2 and a vehicle body 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle 1 travels in the A direction on the snowy surface S 1 . The carriage 2 is a traveling device that travels while supporting the vehicle body 3, and is installed in the bottom recess 6 of the vehicle body 3. As shown in FIG. 2, the carriage 2 includes a wheel 2a that is in rolling contact with the rail, an axle 2b to which the wheel 2a is attached, a carriage frame 2c that supports the axle 2b, and the like. The vehicle body 3 is a structure for loading and transporting passengers, and includes a vehicle body bottom surface (under the vehicle floor) 4, a vehicle body side surface 5, a bottom surface recess 6, and the like. The bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body is a surface facing the raceway surface, and as shown in FIG. 1, the underfloor smoothing structure in which the underfloor equipment of the vehicle 1 is covered with a flat cover as one of the measures against snow and ice damage of the cold and snow resistant vehicle. It is the bottom of a railway vehicle. The vehicle body side surface 5 is a surface substantially perpendicular to the track surface. The bottom recess 6 is a storage portion that stores the carriage 2 and is a notch (cavity) formed in the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body such as an underfloor smoothing structure. As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom surface recess 6 is formed on each of both ends of the substantially horizontal bottom surface 6a for supporting the carriage 2 and the length direction of the bottom surface 6a (the length direction of the vehicle 1). And an inclined surface 6b inclined downward at an angle θ 1 = 60 °.

雪舞上り抑制部７は、車両１が走行するときにこの車両１の下方からの雪の舞上りを抑制するための部分である。雪舞上り抑制部７は、図１及び図２に示すように、車両１を基準とすると相対的に車体側面５に沿ってＢ方向に流れる気流が底面凹部６付近で乱れるのを防ぎ、車両１の下方の圧力変動を抑え積雪層Ｓ2内に発生する圧力勾配を低減させる。雪舞上り抑制部７は、図１〜図３に示すように、台車２（底面凹部６）の側方に設置されており側板部７ａを備えている。 The snow climbing suppression unit 7 is a part for suppressing snow climbing from below the vehicle 1 when the vehicle 1 travels. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the snow climbing suppression unit 7 prevents the airflow flowing in the B direction relatively along the vehicle body side surface 5 from being disturbed in the vicinity of the bottom surface recess 6 when the vehicle 1 is used as a reference. The pressure fluctuation generated in the snow layer S 2 is reduced by suppressing the pressure fluctuation below 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the snow climbing suppression unit 7 is provided on the side of the carriage 2 (bottom surface recess 6) and includes a side plate portion 7 a.

側板部７ａは、車体側面５を底面凹部６に向かって流れる空気がこの底面凹部６から剥離するのを抑制する部分である。側板部７ａは、台車２の側面を覆う側カバー部（側スカート部）として機能し、台車２の点検作業時に支障がないように車体３に着脱自在に装着されている。側板部７ａは、図１に示すように、底面凹部６の切欠部を塞ぐように台車２の側方に設置されており、側板部７ａの下端面が車体底面４と略同じ高さになるように形成されている。   The side plate portion 7 a is a portion that suppresses separation of air flowing from the vehicle body side surface 5 toward the bottom surface recess 6 from the bottom surface recess 6. The side plate portion 7a functions as a side cover portion (side skirt portion) that covers the side surface of the carriage 2 and is detachably attached to the vehicle body 3 so as not to hinder the inspection operation of the carriage 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the side plate portion 7 a is installed on the side of the carriage 2 so as to close the notch portion of the bottom surface recess 6, and the lower end surface of the side plate portion 7 a is substantially the same height as the vehicle body bottom surface 4. It is formed as follows.

次に、この発明の第１実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の作用を説明する。
図１に示すように、車両１がＡ方向に走行した場合に、車両１を基準とすると相対的に車両１の先頭側から後尾側に向かって車体側面５に沿ってＢ方向に空気が流れる。図１〜図３に示す側板部７ａが存在しない場合には、車両１を基準として相対的に車体側面５に沿ってＢ方向に流れる空気が底面凹部６で車体側面５から剥離する。このため、剥離した空気が台車２及びこの台車２の後側の傾斜面６ｂに当たると、車体３の下方に大きな圧力変動が引き起こされ積雪層Ｓ2内の圧力勾配が大きくなる。特に、雪が濡れた状態である場合には、雪の粒子の付着力が強いため列車風によって舞上ることが少なく、雪の舞上りに圧力勾配が大きく影響する。このため、積雪層Ｓ2内の圧力勾配が大きくなると積雪層Ｓ2内に圧力差が形成され、高圧側である積雪層Ｓ2内部から低圧側である積雪面Ｓ1に向かって積雪層Ｓ2の表層が引っ張り及びせん断破壊によって持ち上げられて塊状に剥離する。その結果、列車風によって剥離した雪が飛散して、雪の舞上りが発生する。 Next, the operation of the moving snow suppression structure for a moving body according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the vehicle 1 travels in the A direction, air flows in the B direction along the side surface 5 of the vehicle 1 from the head side toward the rear side of the vehicle 1 when the vehicle 1 is used as a reference. . When the side plate portion 7 a shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 does not exist, the air flowing in the B direction along the vehicle body side surface 5 relative to the vehicle 1 is separated from the vehicle body side surface 5 at the bottom surface recess 6. Therefore, exfoliated air strikes the inclined surface 6b of the rear side of the carriage 2 and the carriage 2, the pressure gradient of the large pressure fluctuations caused in the snow layer S 2 under the vehicle body 3 is increased. In particular, when the snow is wet, the adhesion of snow particles is strong, so there is little flying by the train wind, and the pressure gradient has a large effect on the snow rising. For this reason, when the pressure gradient in the snow layer S 2 increases, a pressure difference is formed in the snow layer S 2 , and the snow layer S 2 moves from the inside of the snow layer S 2 on the high pressure side toward the snow surface S 1 on the low pressure side. The surface layer of 2 is lifted by pulling and shear fracture and peeled off in a lump. As a result, snow flaking off due to the train wind is scattered, and snow rises.

一方、図１〜図３に示すように、側板部７ａが存在する場合には、車体側面５に沿って流れる空気の剥離を側板部７ａが抑制するため、車体側面５に沿って流れる空気の剥離が抑えられ、積雪面Ｓ1側の圧力変動が大きくなるのを側板部７ａが抑制する。その結果、車体３の下方の圧力変動が小さくなるため、積雪層Ｓ2内の圧力勾配が緩和され雪の舞上りが抑制される。 On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the side plate portion 7 a exists, the side plate portion 7 a suppresses the separation of the air flowing along the vehicle body side surface 5, so that the air flowing along the vehicle body side surface 5 peeling is suppressed, the side plate portions 7a of the pressure fluctuation is large snow surface S 1 side suppresses. As a result, the pressure fluctuation below the vehicle body 3 is reduced, so that the pressure gradient in the snow layer S 2 is relaxed, and the rising of snow is suppressed.

この発明の第１実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造には、以下に記載するような効果がある。
(1) この第１実施形態では、車両１が走行するときにこの車両１の下方からの雪の舞上りを抑制する雪舞上り抑制部７が台車２の側方に設置されている。その結果、従来の鉄道車両の着雪防止装置のような部分的な着雪の防止とは異なり雪の舞上り自体を抑えることができるため、車両１の連結部や間隙部などへの着雪を低減することができる。 The moving snow suppression structure for a moving body according to the first embodiment of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) In the first embodiment, when the vehicle 1 travels, a snow rising suppression portion 7 that suppresses the snow rising from below the vehicle 1 is installed on the side of the carriage 2. As a result, unlike the conventional snow prevention device for railway vehicles, it is possible to suppress the snow drift itself, so that it is possible to prevent snow from reaching the connecting portion or the gap portion of the vehicle 1. Can be reduced.

(2) この第１実施形態では、雪舞上り抑制部７が台車２の側面を覆う側板部７ａを備えている。このため、車体側面５を流れる空気が底面凹部６から剥離して空気の流れが乱れるのを簡単な構造によって抑制することができる。その結果、車体３の下方の圧力変動が小さくなり、積雪層Ｓ2内における圧力勾配が原因となる雪の舞上りを抑制することができる。 (2) In the first embodiment, the snow climbing suppression portion 7 includes a side plate portion 7 a that covers the side surface of the carriage 2. For this reason, it can suppress by the simple structure that the air which flows through the vehicle body side surface 5 peels from the bottom face recessed part 6, and the flow of air is disturb | confused. As a result, the pressure fluctuation below the vehicle body 3 is reduced, and the rise of snow caused by the pressure gradient in the snow layer S 2 can be suppressed.

（第２実施形態）
図４は、この発明の第２実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、図４（Ａ）は側面図であり、図４（Ｂ）は底面図である。図５は、この発明の第２実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。以下では、図１〜図３に示す部分と同一の部分については、同一の番号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
図４及び図５に示す雪舞上り抑制部７は、車両１を基準とすると相対的に車体底面４と積雪面Ｓ1との間をＢ方向に流れる気流が台車２及び底面凹部６付近で乱れるのを防ぎ、車両１の下方の圧力変動を抑えて積雪層Ｓ2内に発生する圧力勾配を低減させ、雪の舞上りを抑制する。雪舞上り抑制部７は、台車２（底面凹部６）の前方及び後方に設置されており、図１〜図３に示す側板部７ａを省略し傾斜部７ｂを備えている。 (Second Embodiment)
FIGS. 4A and 4B are external views of a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4A is a side view, and FIG. 4B is a bottom view. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the following, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
4 and FIG. 5, when the vehicle 1 is used as a reference, the snow rising restraint portion 7 causes airflow flowing in the B direction between the vehicle body bottom surface 4 and the snow accumulation surface S 1 relative to the carriage 2 and the bottom surface recess 6. Disturbance is prevented, pressure fluctuation below the vehicle 1 is suppressed, a pressure gradient generated in the snow layer S 2 is reduced, and snow rising is suppressed. The snow climbing suppression unit 7 is installed in front of and behind the carriage 2 (bottom surface recess 6), and includes an inclined portion 7b, omitting the side plate portion 7a shown in FIGS.

傾斜部７ｂは、車両１がＡ方向に走行した場合、車両１を基準として相対的にＢ方向に空気が流れたときに、車体底面４を底面凹部６に向かって流れる空気がこの底面凹部６から剥離するのを抑制するとともに、車両１を基準として相対的に底面凹部６から車体底面４に向かって流れる空気がこの底面凹部６から剥離するのを抑制する部分である。傾斜部７ｂは、図５に示すように、底面凹部６の前後に設置されており、車体底面４から底面凹部６に向かって上方に傾斜している。傾斜部７ｂは、車体底面４に対する角度θ2が30°を越えると、底面凹部６に向かって流れる気流が台車２の前方の傾斜部７ｂから剥離するとともに、底面凹部６から車体底面４に向かって流れる気流が台車２の後方の傾斜部７ｂから剥離するため、角度θ2が30°以下（θ2＜θ1）になるように設定することが好ましい。 When the vehicle 1 travels in the A direction, the inclined portion 7b is configured such that when the air flows relatively in the B direction with respect to the vehicle 1, the air flowing through the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body toward the bottom surface recess 6 It is a part which suppresses that the air which flows from the bottom face recessed part 6 toward the vehicle body bottom face 4 relative to the vehicle 1 from the bottom face recessed part 6 is peeled off from the bottom face recessed part 6. As shown in FIG. 5, the inclined portion 7 b is installed before and after the bottom surface recess 6, and is inclined upward from the vehicle body bottom surface 4 toward the bottom surface recess 6. When the angle θ 2 with respect to the bottom surface 4 of the inclined body 7b exceeds 30 °, the airflow flowing toward the bottom surface recessed portion 6 is separated from the inclined portion 7b in front of the carriage 2 and from the bottom surface recessed portion 6 toward the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body. Therefore, the angle θ 2 is preferably set so that the angle θ 2 is 30 ° or less (θ 2 <θ 1 ).

この発明の第２実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造には、以下に記載するような効果がある。
(1) この第２実施形態では、車両１が走行するときにこの車両１の下方からの雪の舞上りを抑制する雪舞上り抑制部７が台車２の前方及び後方に設置されているため、事後的な着雪の防止ではなく雪の舞上り自体を抑制することができる。 The snow climb control structure for a moving body according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) In the second embodiment, since the snow rising restraint portions 7 that suppress the snow rising from the lower side of the vehicle 1 when the vehicle 1 travels are installed at the front and rear of the carriage 2. It is not possible to prevent the subsequent snow accretion but to suppress the snow drift itself.

(2) この第２実施形態では、車体底面４から底面凹部６に向かって上方に傾斜する傾斜部７ｂを雪舞上り抑制部７が備える。このため、車体底面４を流れる空気が底面凹部６から剥離して空気の流れが乱れるのを簡単な構造によって抑制することができる。その結果、台車２の下方を流れる空気の乱れが低減して車体３の下方の圧力変動が小さくなり、積雪層Ｓ2内における圧力勾配が原因となる雪の舞上りを抑制することができる。 (2) In the second embodiment, the snow climbing suppression portion 7 includes an inclined portion 7 b that is inclined upward from the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body toward the bottom surface recess 6. For this reason, it can suppress by the simple structure that the air which flows through the vehicle body bottom face 4 peels from the bottom face recessed part 6, and the flow of air is disturbed. As a result, the turbulence of the air flowing below the carriage 2 is reduced, the pressure fluctuation below the vehicle body 3 is reduced, and the snow rising caused by the pressure gradient in the snow layer S 2 can be suppressed.

（第３実施形態）
図６は、この発明の第３実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、図６（Ａ）は側面図であり、図６（Ｂ）は底面図である。図７は、この発明の第３実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。
図４及び図５に示す雪舞上り抑制部７は、車体底面４と積雪面Ｓ1との間を車両１を基準として相対的にＢ方向に流れる気流が台車２及び底面凹部６付近で乱れるのを防ぐとともに、車両１を基準として相対的に車体側面５に沿ってＢ方向に流れる気流が底面凹部６付近で乱れるのを防ぐ。雪舞上り抑制部７は、図６及び図７に示すように、側板部７ａと傾斜部７ｂとを備えている。このため、この第３実施形態では、第１実施形態及び第２実施形態に比べてより一層雪の舞上りを抑制することができる。 (Third embodiment)
FIGS. 6A and 6B are external views of a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6A is a side view, and FIG. 6B is a bottom view. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
4 and FIG. 5, the airflow suppression unit 7 is disturbed in the vicinity of the carriage 2 and the bottom recess 6 between the vehicle body bottom surface 4 and the snow cover surface S 1 in the direction B relative to the vehicle 1. The airflow flowing in the direction B along the vehicle body side surface 5 relative to the vehicle 1 is prevented from being disturbed in the vicinity of the bottom surface recess 6. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the snow climbing suppression unit 7 includes a side plate portion 7a and an inclined portion 7b. For this reason, in this 3rd Embodiment, compared with 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, snow rising can be suppressed further.

（第４実施形態）
図８は、この発明の第４実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、図８（Ａ）は側面図であり、図８（Ｂ）は底面図である。図９は、この発明の第４実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。
図８及び図９に示す雪舞上り抑制部７は、台車２の側面を覆う側板部７ａを備えている。着雪抑制部８は、車両１の下方から舞上った雪の付着を抑制する部分であり、底面凹部６の前方及び後方に台車２に向かって突出する突出部８ａを備えている。突出部８ａは、傾斜面６ｂの下端に設置されており断面が三角形状に形成されている。突出部８ａは、舞上った雪の付着と付着後の雪の成長を妨げるために、着雪が予測される部分に設置されている。この第４実施形態では、側板部７ａによって雪の舞上りを抑制することができるとともに、第１実施形態〜第３実施形態とは異なり突出部８ａによって着雪を抑制することもできる。 (Fourth embodiment)
FIGS. 8A and 8B are external views of a structure for suppressing snow climbing of a moving body according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8A is a side view, and FIG. 8B is a bottom view. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
8 and 9 includes a side plate portion 7a that covers the side surface of the carriage 2. The snow accretion suppression portion 8 is a portion that suppresses the adhesion of snow that has risen from below the vehicle 1, and includes protrusions 8 a that protrude toward the carriage 2 in front of and behind the bottom surface recess 6. The protrusion 8a is installed at the lower end of the inclined surface 6b and has a triangular cross section. The protruding portion 8a is installed at a portion where snowfall is predicted in order to prevent the adhering snow that has flown up and the growth of the snow after the adhering snow. In the fourth embodiment, the side plate portion 7a can suppress the rising of snow, and unlike the first to third embodiments, the protruding portion 8a can also suppress snow accretion.

（第５実施形態）
図１０は、この発明の第５実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造の外観図であり、図１０（Ａ）は側面図であり、図１０（Ｂ）は底面図である。図１１は、この発明の第５実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造における縦断面図である。
図１０及び図１１に示す雪舞上り抑制部７は、車体底面４と積雪面Ｓ1との間を車両１を基準として相対的にＢ方向に流れる気流が台車２及び底面凹部６付近で乱れるのを防ぐとともに、車両１を基準として相対的に車体側面５に沿ってＢ方向に流れる気流が底面凹部６付近で乱れるのを防ぐ。雪舞上り抑制部７は、台車２（底面凹部６）の下方に設置されており、側板部７ａと底板部７ｃを備えている。 (Fifth embodiment)
FIGS. 10A and 10B are external views of a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10A is a side view, and FIG. 10B is a bottom view. FIG. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
10 and 11, the airflow suppression unit 7 disturbs the airflow flowing in the B direction relative to the vehicle 1 between the bottom surface 4 and the snow surface S 1 in the vicinity of the carriage 2 and the bottom recess 6. The airflow flowing in the direction B along the vehicle body side surface 5 relative to the vehicle 1 is prevented from being disturbed in the vicinity of the bottom surface recess 6. The snow rising suppression part 7 is installed under the trolley | bogie 2 (bottom surface recessed part 6), and is provided with the side-plate part 7a and the bottom-plate part 7c.

底板部７ｃは、台車２（底面凹部６）を覆う底カバー部であり、車体底面４に着脱自在に装着されている。底板部７ｃは、図１０及び図１１に示すように、車両１がＡ方向に走行した場合、車両１を基準として相対的にＢ方向に空気が流れたときに、底面凹部６からの気流の剥離を抑制する。底板部７ｃは、車輪２ａが貫通する貫通孔７ｄを備えており、図１１に示すように車輪２ａの一部をこの貫通孔７ｄから露出させている。貫通孔７ｄは、図１０（Ｂ）に示すように、車両１の曲線通過時に車輪２ａが接触しない程度の幅で形成されている。この第５実施形態では、第１実施形態〜第３実施形態の効果に加えて雪の舞上りをより一層抑制することができる。   The bottom plate portion 7 c is a bottom cover portion that covers the carriage 2 (bottom surface recess 6), and is detachably attached to the vehicle body bottom surface 4. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, when the vehicle 1 travels in the A direction, the bottom plate portion 7 c generates air current from the bottom recess 6 when air flows in the B direction relative to the vehicle 1. Suppresses peeling. The bottom plate portion 7c includes a through hole 7d through which the wheel 2a passes, and a part of the wheel 2a is exposed from the through hole 7d as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10 (B), the through hole 7d is formed with a width that does not allow the wheels 2a to contact when the vehicle 1 passes through the curve. In the fifth embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first to third embodiments, it is possible to further suppress the rising of snow.

（第６実施形態）
図１２は、この発明の第６実施形態に係る移動体の雪舞上り抑制構造を備える車両の側面図である。
図１２に示す車両１は、例えば、寒冷地などの在来線を高速で走行する車両である。車両１は、車体底面４に設置された床下機器４ａ，４ｂを備えており、床下平滑化構造等の鉄道車両とは異なり車体底面４から床下機器４ａ，４ｂが突出し露出している。雪舞上り抑制部７は、車体底面４と積雪面Ｓ1との間を車両１を基準として相対的にＢ方向に流れる気流が床下機器４ａ，４ｂ付近で乱れるのを防ぎ、車両１の下方の圧力変動を抑え積雪層Ｓ2内に発生する圧力勾配を低減させる。雪舞上り抑制部７は、床下機器４ａ，４ｂの前方及び後方に設置されており、図４〜図７に示す傾斜部７ｂと同様の傾斜部７ｅを備えている。傾斜部７ｅは、車体底面４から床下機器４ａ，４ｂに向かって下方に傾斜する部分（角度θ2）であり、車体底面４を流れる空気が床下機器４ａ，４ｂから剥離するのを抑制する。この第６実施形態では、在来線の高速車両などが積雪面Ｓ1上を走行したときに発生する雪の舞上りを抑制することができる。 (Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 12 is a side view of a vehicle provided with a snow climbing suppressing structure for a moving body according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
A vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 12 is a vehicle that travels at a high speed on a conventional line such as a cold district, for example. The vehicle 1 includes underfloor devices 4a and 4b installed on the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body, and unlike the railway vehicle having an underfloor smoothing structure, the underfloor devices 4a and 4b protrude from the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body and are exposed. The snow climbing suppression unit 7 prevents the airflow flowing in the direction B relative to the vehicle 1 between the vehicle body bottom surface 4 and the snow cover surface S 1 from being disturbed in the vicinity of the underfloor devices 4a and 4b. The pressure gradient generated in the snow layer S 2 is reduced. The snow climbing suppression unit 7 is installed in front of and behind the underfloor devices 4a and 4b, and includes an inclined portion 7e similar to the inclined portion 7b shown in FIGS. The inclined portion 7e is a portion (angle θ 2 ) inclined downward from the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body toward the underfloor devices 4a and 4b, and suppresses air flowing through the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body from being separated from the underfloor devices 4a and 4b. In the sixth embodiment, it is possible to suppress the rising of snow that occurs when a conventional high-speed vehicle or the like travels on the snow accumulation surface S 1 .

次に、この発明の実施例について説明する。
図１３は、雪の舞上り試験装置の構成図である。
図１３に示す雪の舞上り試験装置１０は、新幹線車両などの高速車両が積雪Ｓ上を通過するときに発生する雪の舞上り現象を模擬する試験装置である。雪の舞上り試験装置１０は、回転軸回りに回転する回転円盤１０ａと、積雪Ｓを収容する収容部１０ｂと、収容部１０ｂ内の積雪Ｓを支持する透水性の支持部１０ｃと、積雪Ｓ内の圧力を測定する圧力センサ１０ｄと、収容部１０ｂを開閉する開閉蓋１０ｅと、圧力センサ１０ｄから所定距離だけ離して収容部１０ｂ外に設置された圧力センサ１０ｆなどを備えている。雪の舞上り試験装置１０は、収容部１０ｂと対向する側の回転円盤１０ａの下面に試験体２０を装着可能である。試験体２０は、実際の鉄道車両の車体下部を模擬（縮小）した模型であり、実際の鉄道車両の縮尺1/5で製作されている。 Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a snow climbing test apparatus.
A snow rising test apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 13 is a test apparatus that simulates a snow rising phenomenon that occurs when a high-speed vehicle such as a Shinkansen vehicle passes over the snow. The snow climbing test apparatus 10 includes a rotating disk 10a that rotates about a rotation axis, a housing part 10b that houses the snow cover S, a water-permeable support part 10c that supports the snow cover S in the housing part 10b, and a snow cover S. A pressure sensor 10d for measuring the internal pressure, an opening / closing lid 10e for opening and closing the housing 10b, a pressure sensor 10f installed outside the housing 10b at a predetermined distance from the pressure sensor 10d, and the like. The snow climbing test apparatus 10 can mount the test body 20 on the lower surface of the rotating disk 10a on the side facing the housing portion 10b. The test body 20 is a model simulating (reducing) the lower body of an actual railway vehicle, and is manufactured at a scale of 1/5 of an actual railway vehicle.

図１４は、雪の舞上り試験に使用した試験体の縦断面図であり、図１４（Ａ）は従来例の縦断面図であり、図１４（Ｂ）は比較例１の縦断面図であり、図１４（Ｃ）は比較例２の縦断面図であり、図１４（Ｄ）〜（Ｇ）はそれぞれ実施例１〜４の縦断面図である。ここで、図１４に示す長さＬ1=986mm、長さＬ2=700mm、長さＬ3=50mm、長さＬ4=60mm、長さＬ5=1356mm、高さＨ=180mm、深さＤ=160mm、角度θ1=60°、角度θ2=30°、幅は全て676mmである。 FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of a test body used in the snow climbing test, FIG. 14 (A) is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional example, and FIG. 14 (B) is a longitudinal sectional view of Comparative Example 1. FIG. 14C is a longitudinal sectional view of Comparative Example 2, and FIGS. 14D to 14G are longitudinal sectional views of Examples 1 to 4, respectively. Here, the length L 1 = 986 mm, the length L 2 = 700 mm, the length L 3 = 50 mm, the length L 4 = 60 mm, the length L 5 = 356 mm, the height H = 180 mm, the depth shown in FIG. D = 160 mm, angle θ 1 = 60 °, angle θ 2 = 30 °, and the widths are all 676 mm.

図１４（Ａ）に示す従来例は、現行の鉄道車両を模擬した試験体であり、底面に対して角度θ1の傾斜面を備えている。図１４（Ｂ）に示す比較例１は、底面に対して直角の端面を備えている。図１４（Ｃ）に示す比較例２は、底面に対して角度θ1の傾斜面に突出部を備えている。図１４（Ｄ）に示す実施例１は、図２及び図３に示す雪舞上り抑制構造（第１実施形態）と同一であり、底面に対して角度θ1の傾斜面と側板とを備えている。図１４（Ｅ）に示す実施例２は、図４及び図５に示す雪舞上り抑制構造（第２実施形態）と同一構造であり、底面に対して角度θ2の傾斜面を備えている。図１４（Ｆ）に示す実施例３は、図６及び図７に示す雪舞上り抑制構造（第３実施形態）と同一構造であり、底面に対して角度θ2の傾斜面と側板とを備えている。図１４（Ｇ）に示す実施例４は、図８及び図９に示す雪舞上り抑制構造（第４実施形態）と同一構造であり、底面に対して角度θ1の傾斜面に突出部を備えるとともに側板を備えている。 The conventional example shown in FIG. 14A is a test body that simulates a current railway vehicle, and includes an inclined surface having an angle θ 1 with respect to the bottom surface. Comparative Example 1 shown in FIG. 14B includes an end surface perpendicular to the bottom surface. Comparative Example 2 shown in FIG. 14C includes a protrusion on an inclined surface having an angle θ 1 with respect to the bottom surface. Example 1 shown in FIG. 14 (D) is the same as the snow climbing suppression structure (first embodiment) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and includes an inclined surface and a side plate having an angle θ 1 with respect to the bottom surface. ing. Example 2 shown in FIG. 14 (E) has the same structure as the snow climbing suppression structure (second embodiment) shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and includes an inclined surface having an angle θ 2 with respect to the bottom surface. . Example 3 shown in FIG. 14 (F) has the same structure as the snow climbing suppression structure (third embodiment) shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and includes an inclined surface and a side plate having an angle θ 2 with respect to the bottom surface. I have. Example 4 shown in FIG. 14 (G) has the same structure as the snow climb suppression structure (fourth embodiment) shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and has a protrusion on the inclined surface at an angle θ 1 with respect to the bottom surface. It is provided with a side plate.

図１４に示す従来例、比較例１，２及び実施例１〜４の試験体２０を図１３に示す雪の舞上り試験装置１０に設置して、積雪Ｓ内の最大圧力勾配を圧力センサ１０ｄ，１０ｆによって測定した。先ず、含水率15〜25％、密度150〜200kg/m3の積雪Ｓを収容部１０ｂ内に収容して開閉蓋１０ｅを閉めた後に、半径2500mmの回転円盤１０ａを回転させて、回転円盤１０ａの速度が設定値に達すると同時に開閉蓋１０ｅを矢印方向に開いた。回転円盤１０ａの速度を50、75、100、125、150km/hの５段階に変化させて、圧力センサ１０ｄによる測定圧と圧力センサ１０ｆによる測定圧の差を圧力差として積雪Ｓの厚さを用いて積雪Ｓ内の最大圧力勾配を計算した。 14 is installed in the snow climbing test apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 13, and the maximum pressure gradient in the snow cover S is measured by the pressure sensor 10d. , 10f. First, after the snow cover S having a moisture content of 15 to 25% and a density of 150 to 200 kg / m 3 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 10b and the open / close lid 10e is closed, the rotating disk 10a having a radius of 2500 mm is rotated to rotate the rotating disk 10a. When the speed reached the set value, the opening / closing lid 10e was opened in the direction of the arrow. The speed of the rotating disk 10a is changed in five stages of 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150km / h, and the thickness of the snow cover S is determined by using the difference between the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 10d and the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 10f as a pressure difference. Used to calculate the maximum pressure gradient in the snow cover S.

図１５は、雪の舞上り試験の測定結果を示すグラフであり、図１５（Ａ）は従来例の測定結果であり、図１５（Ｂ）は比較例１の測定結果であり、図１５（Ｃ）は比較例２の測定結果であり、図１５（Ｄ）〜（Ｇ）は実施例１〜４の測定結果である。図１６は、75km/h及び150km/hのときの最大圧力勾配を従来例、比較例１，２及び実施例１〜４毎に示すグラフである。
図１５（Ａ）〜（Ｇ）に示す縦軸は、積雪内部の最大圧力勾配(kPa/m)であり、横軸は速度(km/h)である。図１６に示す縦軸は、75km/h及び150km/hのときの積雪内部の最大圧力勾配(kPa/m)であり、横軸は従来例、比較例１，２及び実施例１〜４である。その結果、比較例１，２は、従来例に比べて高速時における積雪内部の最大圧力勾配が高く雪の舞上り抑制効果が低いことが実験的手法によって検証された。一方、実施例１〜４は、従来例及び比較例１，２に比べて高速時における積雪内部の最大圧力勾配を大幅に低減可能であり、雪の舞上り抑制効果が高いことが実験的手法によって検証された。 15 is a graph showing the measurement result of the snow climb test, FIG. 15A is the measurement result of the conventional example, FIG. 15B is the measurement result of Comparative Example 1, and FIG. C) shows the measurement results of Comparative Example 2, and FIGS. 15D to 15G show the measurement results of Examples 1-4. FIG. 16 is a graph showing the maximum pressure gradient at 75 km / h and 150 km / h for each of the conventional examples, comparative examples 1 and 2, and examples 1 to 4.
The vertical axis | shaft shown to FIG. 15 (A)-(G) is the maximum pressure gradient (kPa / m) inside snow cover, and a horizontal axis is speed (km / h). The vertical axis | shaft shown in FIG. 16 is the maximum pressure gradient (kPa / m) inside snow cover at 75 km / h and 150 km / h, and a horizontal axis is a prior art example, Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and Examples 1-4. is there. As a result, it was verified by an experimental method that Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have a higher maximum pressure gradient inside the snow cover at a high speed and a lower effect of suppressing the snow rising compared to the conventional example. On the other hand, Examples 1 to 4 can significantly reduce the maximum pressure gradient inside the snow at high speeds compared to the conventional example and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the experimental method has a high effect of suppressing the rising of snow. Verified by.

（他の実施形態）
この発明は、以上説明した実施形態に限定するものではなく、以下に記載するように種々の変形又は変更が可能であり、これらもこの発明の範囲内である。
(1) この第１実施形態〜第６実施形態では、移動体が鉄道車両である場合を例に挙げて説明したが、自動車などの他の移動体についてもこの発明を適用することができる。また、この第１実施形態〜第６実施形態では、先頭車両や後尾車両に雪舞上り抑制部７を設置する場合を例に挙げて説明したが、雪舞上り抑制部７を中間車両に設置することもできる。 (Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various modifications or changes can be made as described below, and these are also within the scope of the present invention.
(1) In the first to sixth embodiments, the case where the moving body is a railway vehicle has been described as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to other moving bodies such as automobiles. In the first to sixth embodiments, the case where the snow rising suppression unit 7 is installed in the leading vehicle and the tail vehicle has been described as an example. However, the snow rising suppression unit 7 is installed in the intermediate vehicle. You can also

(2) この第１実施形態〜第５実施形態では、雪舞上り抑制部７を台車２の前後に設置した場合を例に挙げて説明したが、台車２の前後いずれか一方に設置することもできる。また、この第５実施形態では、車両１が主電動機を有する電動車であり、この主電動機と底板部７ｃとが干渉しないように、この底板部７ｃを車体底面４よりも僅かに低く設置しているが、このような構造に限定するものではない。例えば、車両１が主電動機を有さない付随車である場合には、車体底面４と同一高さになるように底板部７ｃを車体底面４に設置することもできる。 (2) In the first embodiment to the fifth embodiment, the case where the snow climbing suppression unit 7 is installed before and after the cart 2 is described as an example, but it is installed at either one of the front and rear of the cart 2. You can also. In the fifth embodiment, the vehicle 1 is an electric vehicle having a main motor, and the bottom plate portion 7c is set slightly lower than the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body so that the main motor and the bottom plate portion 7c do not interfere with each other. However, it is not limited to such a structure. For example, when the vehicle 1 is an accompanying vehicle that does not have a main motor, the bottom plate portion 7 c can be installed on the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body so as to be the same height as the bottom surface 4 of the vehicle body.

(3) この第６実施形態では、底面凸部が床下機器である場合を例に挙げて説明したが、鉄道車両や自動車などの底面から突出する突出部などについてもこの発明を適用することができる。また、この第６実施形態では、雪舞上り抑制部７を床下機器４ａ，４ｂの前後に設置した場合を例に挙げて説明したが、床下機器４ａ，４ｂの前後いずれか一方に設置することもできる。 (3) In the sixth embodiment, the case where the bottom surface convex portion is an underfloor device has been described as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to a protruding portion or the like that protrudes from the bottom surface of a railway vehicle or an automobile. it can. Moreover, in this 6th Embodiment, although the case where the snow rising control part 7 was installed in the front and back of the underfloor equipment 4a and 4b was described as an example, it is installed in either the front and back of the underfloor equipment 4a and 4b. You can also.

(4) この第６実施形態では、全部の床下機器４ａ，４ｂに傾斜部７ｅを設置する場合を例に挙げて説明したが、一部の床下機器に設置することもできる。また、この第６実施形態では、床下機器４ａ，４ｂに傾斜部７ｅのみを設置する場合を例に挙げて説明したが、この傾斜部７ｅに突出部８ａを設置することもできる。 (4) In the sixth embodiment, the case where the inclined portions 7e are installed in all the underfloor devices 4a and 4b has been described as an example. However, it may be installed in some underfloor devices. In the sixth embodiment, the case where only the inclined portion 7e is installed in the underfloor devices 4a and 4b has been described as an example. However, the protruding portion 8a can be installed on the inclined portion 7e.

１ 車両（移動体）
２ 台車
２ａ 車輪
３ 車体
４ 車体底面
４ａ，４ｂ 床下機器（底面凸部）
５ 車体側面
６ 底面凹部
６ａ 底面
６ｂ 傾斜面
７ 雪舞上り抑制部
７ａ 側板部
７ｂ 傾斜部
７ｃ 底板部
７ｄ 貫通孔
７ｅ 傾斜部
８ 着雪抑制部
８ａ 突出部
Ｓ 積雪
Ｓ1 積雪面
Ｓ2 積雪層
θ1，θ2 角度 1 Vehicle (moving body)
2 bogie 2a wheel 3 car body 4 car body bottom face 4a, 4b equipment under the floor (bottom part convex part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Car body side surface 6 Bottom surface recessed part 6a Bottom surface 6b Inclined surface 7 Snow rising suppression part 7a Side plate part 7b Inclined part 7c Bottom plate part 7d Through-hole 7e Inclined part 8 Snow accretion suppressing part 8a Protruding part S Snow accumulation S 1 Snow surface S 2 Snow layer θ 1 and θ 2 angles

Claims (1)

鉄道車両が軌道上を走行するときにこの軌道上に降り積もった雪の舞上りを抑制する鉄道車両の雪舞上り抑制構造であって、
前記鉄道車両の車体底面に沿って流れる空気がこの車体底面に設置された床下機器から剥離するのを抑制する傾斜部を備え、
前記傾斜部は、前記車体底面から前記床下機器に向かって下方に傾斜するようにこの床下機器の前方及び後方に設置されており、
前記傾斜部は、前記車体底面に対する角度が30°以下であること、
を特徴とする鉄道車両の雪舞上り抑制構造。 A structure for suppressing snow climbing of a railway vehicle that suppresses the snow climbing on the track when the railway vehicle travels on the track,
An inclined portion that suppresses air flowing along the bottom surface of the railway vehicle from peeling off from underfloor equipment installed on the bottom surface of the vehicle body,
The inclined portion is installed at the front and rear of the underfloor device so as to be inclined downward from the bottom surface of the vehicle body toward the underfloor device,
The inclined portion has an angle of 30 ° or less with respect to the bottom surface of the vehicle body,
A structure that suppresses snow climbing of railway vehicles.
JP2009185386A 2009-08-10 2009-08-10 Snow flying-up restraining structure of railroad vehicle Pending JP2009255922A (en)

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CN104554327A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-04-29 中国铁道科学研究院机车车辆研究所 Ice and snow preventing turbulent flow device and method
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