JP2009252435A - Lead storage battery - Google Patents
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- JP2009252435A JP2009252435A JP2008096855A JP2008096855A JP2009252435A JP 2009252435 A JP2009252435 A JP 2009252435A JP 2008096855 A JP2008096855 A JP 2008096855A JP 2008096855 A JP2008096855 A JP 2008096855A JP 2009252435 A JP2009252435 A JP 2009252435A
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
Description
本発明は鉛蓄電池に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a lead-acid battery.
地球温暖化抑止や省エネルギーのために、最近の自動車は排気ガス削減と燃費向上を目的とした簡易ハイブリッドシステムやアイドリングストップシステムが検討されている。これらのシステムに用いられる鉛蓄電池は、充電状態がほぼ100%の状態で用いられる始動用鉛蓄電池と比較して、回生入力を効率よく受け入れ、かつアシスト動力を提供する必要上、より深い充放電における寿命特性が重視される。 In order to suppress global warming and save energy, recent hybrid vehicles and simple idling stop systems aimed at reducing exhaust emissions and improving fuel efficiency are being considered. The lead-acid batteries used in these systems require deeper charge / discharge because of the need to accept regenerative input and provide assist power more efficiently than lead-acid batteries for starting, which are used in a state where the state of charge is almost 100%. Emphasis is placed on the life characteristics of
したがって、始動用鉛蓄電池では主流であった液式鉛蓄電池にかわって、サイクル寿命特性において優位性のある、制御弁式鉛蓄電池が用いられつつある。 Therefore, a control valve type lead acid battery having superior cycle life characteristics is being used instead of the liquid lead acid battery which has been the mainstream in the lead acid battery for starting.
従来の制御弁式鉛蓄電池を簡易ハイブリッドシステムや、アイドリングストップシステムを搭載した車両に用いた場合、前記したような、回生充電や、アシスト動力を発生するモーターへの電力供給のため、大電流の充放電が高頻度に繰り返される。 When a conventional valve-regulated lead-acid battery is used in a vehicle equipped with a simple hybrid system or an idling stop system, a large current is required to supply power to a motor that generates regenerative charging or assist power as described above. Charging / discharging is repeated frequently.
したがって、3個以上のセル室が一列状態で配置された制御弁式鉛蓄電池の場合、両端の2セルとそれらに挟まれた内側のセルとの間に温度差が生じ易い。温度の高いセルと低いセルとでは、その充電効率やセル内部での負極板における酸素ガス吸収能力が異なる。 Therefore, in the case of a control valve type lead storage battery in which three or more cell chambers are arranged in a row, a temperature difference is likely to occur between the two cells at both ends and the inner cell sandwiched between them. A cell having a high temperature and a cell having a low temperature differ in charging efficiency and oxygen gas absorption capacity in the negative electrode plate inside the cell.
上記の結果、充放電の繰り返しによって、セル毎の充電状態(SOC) のアンバランスが拡大し、中央部のセルが過充電となって劣化が加速し、その結果、電池全体が短寿命となるという課題がある。 As a result of the above, repeated charge / discharge increases the unbalance of the state of charge (SOC) for each cell, the central cell is overcharged and the deterioration is accelerated, and as a result, the entire battery has a short life. There is a problem.
また、同一電池内に温度の高いセルと低いセルがあると、充電電圧制御や、入出力制限等、電池温度をパラメータとして制御弁式鉛蓄電池を制御する際、制御の基準となる温度が定まらないという課題もある。 Also, if there are high and low temperature cells in the same battery, the temperature used as the reference for control is not fixed when controlling the control valve type lead storage battery using the battery temperature as a parameter, such as charging voltage control and input / output restrictions. There is also a problem that there is no.
それに対して、特開平9−139227号公報では、低温部から高温部に位置するに従って電解液量を減少させ各セルの温度バラツキを減少させる方法が記載されている。 On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-139227 describes a method for reducing the temperature variation of each cell by decreasing the amount of electrolyte as it is located from the low temperature part to the high temperature part.
また、特開平10−92394号公報には、温度が上昇する中間セルの外壁に熱伝導性の良い放熱促進部材を取り付け各セルの温度バラツキを減少させる方法が記載されている。
しかしながら、特開平9−139227号公報のように各セル毎に電解液量を変化させると、セル毎に容量バラツキが発生し、より電池の寿命が短くなる可能性がある。また、特開平10−92394号公報のように電槽外壁に熱伝導性の良い部材を取り付けた場合には、多数個の電池を限られた場所に並べる配列等の弊害となる。 However, if the amount of the electrolytic solution is changed for each cell as disclosed in JP-A-9-139227, capacity variation occurs for each cell, and the battery life may be further shortened. In addition, when a member having good thermal conductivity is attached to the outer wall of the battery case as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-92394, there are problems such as an arrangement in which a large number of batteries are arranged in a limited place.
こうした課題を解決する手段として、本発明の請求項1に係る発明は、少なくとも3個以上のセル室が一列に並んで配置された電槽の各セル室に、正、負極板とセパレータからなる極板群を収納した鉛蓄電池であって、前記セル室で極板平面に垂直な2つの内壁と極板との離隔距離をそれぞれa1、a2とし、極板の長さをbとした場合、前記電槽の両端のセル室を除く少なくとも一つのセル室において、セパレータの長さをa1+a2+b〜2×a1+2×a2+bの範囲とする構成とすることである。 As a means for solving such a problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode plate, and a separator in each cell chamber of a battery case in which at least three cell chambers are arranged in a line. In the lead storage battery containing the electrode plate group, when the distance between the two inner walls perpendicular to the electrode plate plane and the electrode plate in the cell chamber is a1, a2, and the length of the electrode plate is b, In at least one cell chamber excluding the cell chambers at both ends of the battery case, the length of the separator is in the range of a1 + a2 + b to 2 × a1 + 2 × a2 + b.
さらに、本発明の請求項2に係る発明は、少なくとも3個以上のセル室が一列に並んで配置された電槽の各セル室内に、正、負極板とセパレータからなる極板群を収納した鉛蓄電池であって、電槽の両端のセル室を除く少なくとも一つのセル室内において、極板群とセル室内壁との間にゲル状物質を充填した鉛蓄電池である。
Furthermore, in the invention according to
本発明の請求項3に係わる発明は、前記ゲル状物質にシリカゲル、またはチタニアゲルのいずれかを用いる鉛蓄電池である。 The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is a lead acid battery using either silica gel or titania gel as the gel substance.
前記した本発明の構成によれば、セル室が少なくとも3個以上一列に配された鉛蓄電池の両端のセル室以外のセル室において、各セル室の外気と触れる側の電槽内壁に、セパレータやゲル状物質を存在させることによって、電池内部から外部への熱伝導が起こり易くなり、放熱が促進されることによって、両端より内側のセル室の温度上昇が抑えられ、セル間の温度バラツキを抑制することができる。これにより、各セルの温度バラツキで発生していたセル間の充電状態のバラツキが低減され電池のサイクル寿命を向上させることができる。 According to the configuration of the present invention described above, in the cell chambers other than the cell chambers at both ends of the lead storage battery in which at least three or more cell chambers are arranged in a row, the separator is formed on the inner wall of the battery case on the side in contact with the outside air of each cell chamber. In addition, the presence of a gel-like substance facilitates heat conduction from the inside of the battery to the outside, and by promoting heat dissipation, the temperature rise in the cell chamber inside both ends is suppressed, and the temperature variation between the cells is reduced. Can be suppressed. Thereby, the variation in the charge state between the cells which has occurred due to the temperature variation of each cell is reduced, and the cycle life of the battery can be improved.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面で説明する。図1は、本発明実施の形態による鉛蓄電池の断面概略図である。なお、図1にはセル間に形成するセル間接続部は示していないが、これら各部の構造は、従来周知の構造を適宜選択して用いることができる。本発明において電槽1は、隔壁2により、3以上のセル室3a,3b,3c,3d,3e,3fに列状に区画されている。また、各セルには正・負極板とセパレータからなる極板群4a,4b,4c,4d,4e,4fが電槽の短側面5に平行に収納されている。なお、電槽樹脂剤として従来からのポリプロピレン樹脂、ABS樹脂を用いることができる。次に図2に、図1に示す鉛蓄電池の短側面5の方向から見た図を示す。極板群の端からセル室内壁までの離隔距離をa1、a2、正極板及び負極板の幅をbとして、両端のセルの極板群のセパレータより、中間のセルの極板群4のセパレータの長さをa1+a2+bから2×a1+2×a2+bまで、極板幅方向に大きくすることで長側面側の極板群の端からセル室内壁までの離隔距離a1,a2を無くす。この結果、セパレータと電槽内壁との接触面積が増加し、熱伝導性が向上することから、各セルの温度バラツキが少なくなり電池のサイクル寿命を改善することができる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. Note that FIG. 1 does not show inter-cell connection portions formed between cells, but the structures of these portions can be appropriately selected from known structures. In the present invention, the battery case 1 is divided into three or
本発明の他の望ましい形態として、極板群4と電槽1との隙間に吸湿性のゲル状の物質(例えば、シリカゲル、チタニアゲル)などを、40cm3 〜60cm3注入し、極板群と内壁の接触面積を増加させることによっても、セパレータを大きくした場合と同様の効果が得られる。
As another preferred form of the invention, the
本発明の望ましい形態として他にも、極板の幅をa1+a2+bと電槽内壁の幅と同等にした場合も同様の効果が得られる。 As a desirable mode of the present invention, the same effect can be obtained when the width of the electrode plate is equal to the width of a1 + a2 + b and the inner wall of the battery case.
以下に、本発明の実施例を説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described below.
前記した本発明の実施の形態による電池と従来例の電池を作製しサイクル寿命試験およびサイクル中の各セルの温度測定を行なうことによってこれらの電池を評価した。 The batteries according to the above-described embodiments of the present invention and the conventional batteries were produced, and these batteries were evaluated by performing a cycle life test and measuring the temperature of each cell during the cycle.
<従来の電池>
20kgf/dm2加圧時の厚みが1.00mmのガラスマットをセパレータに用いた電池であり、ガラスマットはU字状に折り曲げその内側に上下の枠骨を有し、左右の枠骨の無いエキスパンド極板を用いた縦120mm×横100mm(図中bの寸法に相当)の正極板を配置し、合成樹脂不織布は、正極板を包むに足る大きさにU字状に折り曲げその内側に前記正極板を配置し、対応する左右の両端部を熱シールし、袋状に加工する。セパレータで離隔された正極板と、縦120mm×横100mm(図中bの長さに相当)の負極板とが交互に積層されるように組みあわせて極板群を作製した。これらの極板群を、6個のセル室を直列に備えた電槽の各セル室内に収納することによって、12V60Ahの制御弁式鉛蓄電池とし、これを従来の電池Aとした。ここで、一つのセル室内の縦寸法は65mm、横寸法は110mmである。なお、正極板、負極板およびセパレータは互いにその厚み方向に30kgf/dm2の加圧力(群圧)で圧縮が加えられた状態とした。
<Conventional battery>
A battery using a glass mat with a thickness of 1.00 mm when pressed at 20 kgf / dm 2 as a separator. The glass mat is bent in a U shape and has upper and lower frame bones, and no left and right frame bones. A positive electrode plate of 120 mm in length and 100 mm in width (corresponding to the dimension b in the figure) using an expanded electrode plate is arranged, and the synthetic resin nonwoven fabric is folded into a U shape so as to wrap around the positive electrode plate, and the inside A positive electrode plate is disposed, and the corresponding left and right ends are heat sealed and processed into a bag shape. A positive electrode plate group was fabricated by combining the positive electrode plates separated by the separator and the negative electrode plates 120 mm long × 100 mm wide (corresponding to the length of b in the figure) so as to be alternately laminated. These electrode plate groups were housed in each cell chamber of a battery case equipped with six cell chambers in series, whereby a 12V60Ah control valve type lead storage battery was obtained. Here, the vertical dimension in one cell chamber is 65 mm, and the horizontal dimension is 110 mm. The positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator were in a state where compression was applied to each other in the thickness direction with a pressing force (group pressure) of 30 kgf / dm 2 .
<本発明の電池>
両端のセルの極板群は、電池Aと同様の極板群を用い、内側セルの極板群は、電池Aで用いているセパレータよりa1+a2+bの幅を持つ大きなセパレータを用いることで極板群を作製しそれらを6セルの電槽に詰め込むことによって12V60Ahの制御弁式鉛蓄電池とし、これを本発明の電池Bとした。
<Battery of the present invention>
The electrode plate group of the cells at both ends uses the same electrode plate group as that of the battery A, and the electrode plate group of the inner cell uses a separator having a width a1 + a2 + b that is larger than the separator used in the battery A. And a control valve type lead storage battery of 12V60Ah was prepared by packing them in a 6-cell battery case, and this was designated as battery B of the present invention.
また、電池Aで用いられているセパレータより0.9×a1+0.9×a2+bと内壁と極板群の間に0.1aの隙間を設けた電池を作製しそれらを6セルの電槽に詰め込むことによって12V60Ahの制御弁式鉛蓄電池とし、これを本発明の電池Cとした。また、電池Aで用いられているセパレータより2×a1+2×a2+bの幅を持つセパレータを用いることで極板群を作製しそれらを6セルの電槽に詰め込むことによって12V60Ahの制御弁式鉛蓄電池とし、これを本発明の電池Dとした。セパレータの幅を2.1×a1+2.1×a2+bは電槽に詰め込むことが困難であり電池を構成することが不可能であった。 Further, a battery having 0.9 × a1 + 0.9 × a2 + b and a gap of 0.1a between the inner wall and the electrode plate group is produced from the separator used in the battery A, and these are packed in a 6-cell battery case. Thus, a control valve type lead-acid battery of 12V60Ah was obtained, and this was designated as a battery C of the present invention. Moreover, by using a separator having a width of 2 × a1 + 2 × a2 + b from the separator used in the battery A, a 12V60Ah control valve type lead-acid battery is prepared by packing them into a 6-cell battery case. This was designated as Battery D of the present invention. When the width of the separator was 2.1 × a1 + 2.1 × a2 + b, it was difficult to pack the battery case, and it was impossible to constitute a battery.
また、従来の電池Aにおいて中間セルの空間a1,a2へシリカゲルを40cm3注入したことで電槽との接触面積を増加させた電池を本発明電池Eとした。 Further, in the conventional battery A, a battery in which the contact area with the battery case was increased by injecting 40 cm 3 of silica gel into the spaces a1 and a2 of the intermediate cell was designated as a battery E of the present invention.
上記の従来の電池A、本発明の電池B、電池C、電池Dおよび電池Eのサイクル寿命試験を行ない、各セルの温度バラツキ、電池寿命を確認した。試験条件は以下の通りである。 A cycle life test of the conventional battery A, the battery B of the present invention, the battery C, the battery D, and the battery E was performed, and the temperature variation of each cell and the battery life were confirmed. The test conditions are as follows.
放電は、300A定電流放電で放電終止電圧を8.4Vとし、充電は14.5V定電圧充電で最大充電電流60Aとし、充電時間は、1時間とした。なお、試験温度は、25℃とした。 The discharge was a constant current discharge of 300 A and the discharge end voltage was 8.4 V, the charge was 14.5 V constant voltage charge and the maximum charging current was 60 A, and the charging time was 1 hour. The test temperature was 25 ° C.
そして、放電において放電持続時間が初期状態の80%まで低下したサイクル数を寿命サイクル数とした。 The number of cycles in which the discharge duration was reduced to 80% of the initial state in the discharge was defined as the life cycle number.
図3に本発明の充電中の電池の各セルのセル温度を示した図を示す。この図から見てわかるように、従来の電池Aの両端のセル室と内側のセル室の温度差は、8℃程度なのに対して、本発明の電池B、Dでは3℃、電池Eでは4℃であり、極板群と電槽内壁の空間a1,a2へセパレータ、ゲル状の物質、極板などをバインダーとし熱伝導性を良くすることでサイクル中の充・放電時に起こるセルの温度バラツキが抑制されることがわかる。空間を埋めきらない電池Cの両端のセル室と内側のセル室の温度差は、6℃と従来の電池Aと大して変わらなかった。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the cell temperature of each cell of the battery being charged according to the present invention. As can be seen from this figure, the temperature difference between the cell chambers at both ends and the inner cell chamber of the conventional battery A is about 8 ° C., whereas the batteries B and D of the present invention are 3 ° C. and the battery E is 4 ° C. The temperature variation of the cell that occurs at the time of charging / discharging during the cycle by improving the thermal conductivity by using separators, gel-like materials, electrode plates, etc. as binders in the space a1, a2 between the electrode plate group and the inner wall of the battery case. It can be seen that is suppressed. The temperature difference between the cell chambers at both ends of the battery C that does not completely fill the space and the inner cell chamber was 6 ° C., which was not much different from that of the conventional battery A.
図4にサイクル寿命特性を示す。これは充放電サイクル100サイクルごとに25℃,20Aの放電容量を示したものである。この寿命試験を行った結果、従来の電池Aの寿命サイクル数は、300サイクルであるのに対して、中間セルのセパレータの幅を長くした本発明電池、電池B、Dで600サイクルと寿命が向上した。また、シリカゲルを入れた電池Eおよび極板幅を大きくした電池Fはサイクル寿命が400サイクルと従来の電池よりはサイクル寿命が向上したが、電池B、Dのサイクル寿命までは向上しまかった。これは、セル間の温度バラツキが起因しているものと考えられ、このことよりセル間の温度バラツキは3℃以下にすることがもっとも望ましい。 FIG. 4 shows the cycle life characteristics. This shows a discharge capacity of 25 ° C. and 20 A every 100 charge / discharge cycles. As a result of this life test, the life cycle number of the conventional battery A is 300 cycles, but the battery of the present invention, batteries B and D, in which the width of the separator of the intermediate cell is increased, has a life of 600 cycles. Improved. Further, the battery E containing silica gel and the battery F having a larger electrode plate width had a cycle life of 400 cycles, which was improved over the conventional batteries, but the cycle life of the batteries B and D was not improved. This is considered to be caused by the temperature variation between the cells, and it is most desirable that the temperature variation between the cells is 3 ° C. or less.
なお、本実施例ではゲル状物質にシリカゲルを用いたが、チタニアゲルでも同様の効果が得られた。 In this example, silica gel was used as the gel material, but the same effect was obtained with titania gel.
本発明の鉛蓄電池は、セル間の温度バラツキを改善できサイクル寿命を向上させることができることからサイクル用途をはじめ様々な鉛蓄電池に応用できる。 The lead acid battery of the present invention can be applied to various lead acid batteries including cycle applications because it can improve temperature variation between cells and improve cycle life.
1 電槽
2 隔壁
3 セル室
4 極板群
5 電槽の短側面
a 極板群と電槽内壁との離隔距離
b 極板幅
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9548485B2 (en) | 2011-05-02 | 2017-01-17 | Gs Yuasa International Ltd. | Valve regulated lead-acid battery |
US10050239B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2018-08-14 | Gs Yuasa International Ltd. | Lead-acid storage battery |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9548485B2 (en) | 2011-05-02 | 2017-01-17 | Gs Yuasa International Ltd. | Valve regulated lead-acid battery |
US10050239B2 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2018-08-14 | Gs Yuasa International Ltd. | Lead-acid storage battery |
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