JP2009234811A - Fertilizer composition - Google Patents
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本発明は肥料組成物に関し、より詳細には、少なくとも２種類の、窒素成分を含む被覆粒状肥料を有する肥料組成物に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a fertilizer composition, and more particularly to a fertilizer composition having at least two types of coated granular fertilizers containing a nitrogen component.
近年、農業就労人口の減少と高齢化、大規模化が進む状況の中、肥料の利用効率を高めて、追肥作業の省力化を図ることを目的として、粒状肥料を樹脂等で被覆して肥料成分の溶出を制御した被覆粒状肥料が開発されている。これら被覆粒状肥料には種々の肥料成分、肥効持続期間、溶出パターンを有するものが知られている。 Recently, the fertilizer is coated with granular fertilizer with resin, etc. for the purpose of improving the efficiency of fertilizer use and saving labor for additional fertilizer work in a situation where the agricultural working population is declining, aging, and becoming larger. Coated granular fertilizer with controlled component elution has been developed. These coated granular fertilizers are known to have various fertilizer components, fertilization duration and elution patterns.
例えば、特許文献１では、作物に対して生育に必要な養分を必要な時期に供給できるよう、複数種類の肥料を配合する技術が提案されている。また、特許文献２では、時限溶出型被覆肥料の溶出開始後の溶出速度を調整可能とし、さらにこの溶出の温度依存性を付与する技術が提案され、特許文献３では、栽培環境における温度変化の影響軽減のため溶出の温度依存性を小さくする技術が提案されている。
しかしながら、温度較差の存在する栽培環境中において、作物の生育過程で必要とされる養分と、被覆粒状肥料からの肥料成分の供給とを十分に合致させることは未だできていない。 However, it has not yet been possible to sufficiently match the nutrients required in the growing process of the crop with the supply of fertilizer components from the coated granular fertilizer in a cultivation environment where there is a temperature range.
本発明は、このような従来の問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、作物が必要とする肥料成分を、温度較差の存在する栽培環境であっても、適時・適量供給することが可能な肥料組成物及び栽培方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and its purpose is to supply timely and appropriate amounts of fertilizer components required by crops even in a cultivation environment where there is a temperature range. It is in providing the fertilizer composition and cultivation method which can do.
本発明によれば、下記式（１）から算出される温度依存指数Ｋが１．０〜２．０（ただし、２．０は含まない）の範囲で窒素成分を含む少なくとも１種類の被覆粒状肥料からなる第１肥料群と、温度依存指数Ｋが２．０〜３．０の範囲で窒素成分を含む少なくとも１種類の被覆粒状肥料からなる第２肥料群とを有し、第１肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最大の温度依存指数と、第２肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最小の温度依存指数との差が絶対値で０．３以上であることを特徴とする肥料組成物が提供される。
Ｋ＝Ｄ２５／Ｄ３５ ・・・（１）
（式中、Ｄ２５：温度２５℃の水中において、窒素成分の８０％が溶出するのに要する日数，Ｄ３５：温度３５℃の水中において、窒素成分の８０％が溶出するのに要する日数）
According to the present invention, at least one kind of coated granule containing a nitrogen component in the range where the temperature dependence index K calculated from the following formula (1) is 1.0 to 2.0 (excluding 2.0). A first fertilizer group comprising a first fertilizer group comprising a fertilizer and a second fertilizer group comprising at least one type of coated granular fertilizer containing a nitrogen component within a temperature dependent index K of 2.0 to 3.0. A fertilizer composition characterized in that the absolute value of the difference between the maximum temperature-dependent index in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to and the minimum temperature-dependent index in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to the second fertilizer group is 0.3 or more. Provided.
K = D 25 / D 35 (1)
(Where D 25 is the number of days required for elution of 80% of the nitrogen component in water at a temperature of 25 ° C., D 35 is the number of days required for elution of 80% of the nitrogen component in water at a temperature of 35 ° C.)
ここで、前記被覆粒状肥料の少なくとも１つが、窒素成分として尿素を有するものであるのが好ましい。 Here, it is preferable that at least one of the coated granular fertilizers has urea as a nitrogen component.
第１肥料群及び第２肥料群の、肥料組成物に占める割合はそれぞれ１０〜９０重量％の範囲であってもよい。また、第１肥料群と第２肥料群との存在割合は、重量比で１：１０〜１０：１の範囲が好ましい。 The proportion of the first fertilizer group and the second fertilizer group in the fertilizer composition may be in the range of 10 to 90% by weight, respectively. The ratio of the first fertilizer group and the second fertilizer group is preferably in the range of 1:10 to 10: 1 by weight.
また、本発明によれば、前記式（１）から算出される温度依存指数Ｋが１．０〜２．０（ただし、２．０は含まない）の範囲で窒素成分を含む第１の被覆粒状肥料と、前記温度依存係数Ｋが２．０〜３．０の範囲で且つ第１の被覆粒状肥料のそれよりも０．３以上大きく、窒素成分を含む第２の被覆粒状肥料とを、作物に施用することを特徴とする作物の栽培方法が提供される。 Moreover, according to the present invention, the first coating containing a nitrogen component in the range of the temperature dependence index K calculated from the formula (1) of 1.0 to 2.0 (excluding 2.0). A granular fertilizer and a second coated granular fertilizer having a temperature dependence coefficient K in the range of 2.0 to 3.0 and 0.3 or more larger than that of the first coated granular fertilizer and containing a nitrogen component; A method for cultivating a crop, characterized by being applied to the crop, is provided.
ここで、第１の被覆粒状肥料及び第２の被覆粒状肥料の少なくとも一方が、窒素成分として尿素を有するものであるのが好ましい。 Here, it is preferable that at least one of the first coated granular fertilizer and the second coated granular fertilizer has urea as a nitrogen component.
第１の被覆粒状肥料と第２の被覆粒状肥料との施用割合としては、重量比で１：１０〜１０：１の範囲が好ましい。 The application ratio of the first coated granular fertilizer and the second coated granular fertilizer is preferably in the range of 1:10 to 10: 1 by weight ratio.
また、第１の被覆粒状肥料と第２の被覆粒状肥料とを、窒素成分量が０.０５〜２００ｋｇ／１０ａの範囲となるように施用するのが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable to apply the first coated granular fertilizer and the second coated granular fertilizer so that the nitrogen component amount is in the range of 0.05 to 200 kg / 10a.
なお、被覆粒状肥料の温度依存指数Ｋを算出するためのＤ２５（温度２５℃水中の８０％溶出日数）とＤ３５（温度３５℃水中の８０％溶出日数）は以下の方法で求める。肥料７．５ｇと蒸留水１００ｍｌとを直径４０ｍｍで１１０ｍｌ容のガラスのスクリュー管（株式会社マルエム）に入れ、内容物の温度が２５℃になるよう温度制御しつつ静置する。採水前に倒立攪拌を行い、経時的に採水し、水に溶出した窒素肥料成分を定量分析する。窒素肥料成分の定量は、被覆粒状肥料が含有する窒素成分の形態により分析方法を選択する。尿素の量はジメチルアミノベンズアルデヒド法（「詳解肥料分析法 第二改訂版」養賢堂）により求め、アンモニア態窒素の量はインドフェノール法により求め、硝酸態窒素の量は砂状亜鉛−アルカリ還元法により還元してアゾ色素法により求め、被覆粒状肥料が含有する窒素成分について水に溶出した量の合計値を得る。この他の形態の水溶性窒素成分については硫酸−過酸化水素分解法によりアンモニア態窒素とした後にインドフェノール法で求める。溶出率は被覆粒状肥料が含有する窒素成分量を初期値として、水に溶出している定量分析によって求めた窒素成分量を初期値で除して、初期値に対して占める比率から計算して求める。窒素成分量の初期値は、被覆粒状肥料２．５ｇを乳鉢で磨り潰し、内容物を水に溶解して５０ｍｌとして窒素成分の形態により上記と同様の方法で測定して求める。溶出率が８０％を超えるまで測定を継続し、経過日数と溶出率の関係をグラフ化して溶出速度曲線を作成し、溶出率８０％に至る日数を求める。また、温度制御を３５℃とした以外は前述の操作に準じて窒素溶出量の測定を行い、溶出率８０％に至る日数を求める。 D25 (80% elution days in water at a temperature of 25 ° C.) and D35 (80% elution days in water at a temperature of 35 ° C.) for calculating the temperature dependence index K of the coated granular fertilizer are obtained by the following method. 7.5 g of fertilizer and 100 ml of distilled water are placed in a 110-ml glass screw tube (Marem Co., Ltd.) having a diameter of 40 mm, and the contents are allowed to stand while controlling the temperature to 25 ° C. Prior to sampling, the sample is inverted and sampled over time, and the nitrogen fertilizer components eluted in the water are quantitatively analyzed. For determination of the nitrogen fertilizer component, an analysis method is selected depending on the form of the nitrogen component contained in the coated granular fertilizer. The amount of urea is determined by the dimethylaminobenzaldehyde method (“Detailed Fertilizer Analysis Method 2nd revised edition” Yokendo), the amount of ammonia nitrogen is determined by the indophenol method, and the amount of nitrate nitrogen is sandy zinc-alkali reduction. The total amount of nitrogen components contained in the coated granular fertilizer eluted in water is obtained by reduction using the azo dye method. Other forms of water-soluble nitrogen components are determined by the indophenol method after ammonia nitrogen is formed by the sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide decomposition method. The dissolution rate is calculated from the ratio of the nitrogen component content of the coated granular fertilizer to the initial value by dividing the nitrogen component amount obtained by quantitative analysis eluted in water by the initial value. Ask. The initial value of the nitrogen component amount is obtained by grinding 2.5 g of the coated granular fertilizer with a mortar, dissolving the contents in water to make 50 ml, and measuring the nitrogen component in the same manner as described above. The measurement is continued until the elution rate exceeds 80%, and the relationship between the elapsed days and the elution rate is graphed to prepare an elution rate curve, and the number of days until the elution rate reaches 80% is obtained. Further, the nitrogen elution amount is measured in accordance with the above-described operation except that the temperature control is set to 35 ° C., and the number of days until the elution rate reaches 80% is obtained.
本発明に係る肥料組成物は、温度依存指数の範囲が異なる第１肥料群と第２肥料群とを有し、第１肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最大の温度依存指数と、第２肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最小の温度依存指数との差を絶対値で０．３以上としたので、どのような環境温度に対しても肥料成分の供給ができ、温度較差の存在する栽培環境中や栽培途中に夏期や冬期を越す作型においても、環境温度による、作物の養分吸収等の生体反応速度変化に合わせて、肥料成分を適時・適量供給することができるようになる。 The fertilizer composition which concerns on this invention has the 1st fertilizer group and the 2nd fertilizer group from which the range of a temperature dependence index differs, The maximum temperature dependence index in the covering granular fertilizer which belongs to a 1st fertilizer group, and a 2nd fertilizer Because the absolute value of the difference from the minimum temperature-dependent index in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to the group is 0.3 or more, the fertilizer component can be supplied for any environmental temperature, and the cultivation environment where there is a temperature range Even in the cropping pattern that exceeds the summer and winter seasons during and during cultivation, the fertilizer component can be supplied in a timely and appropriate amount according to changes in the biological reaction rate such as nutrient absorption of crops due to environmental temperature.
また、本発明に係る栽培方法では、特定の温度依存指数を有し且つ温度依存指数の差が０．３以上である第１の被覆粒状肥料と第２の被覆粒状肥料とを施用するので、作物の養分吸収等の生体反応速度が変化しても、これに合わせて、肥料成分を適時・適量供給でき、溶出する肥料成分の利用効率を高め、環境中への流亡を抑えられる。 Moreover, in the cultivation method according to the present invention, the first coated granular fertilizer and the second coated granular fertilizer having a specific temperature dependent index and having a temperature dependent index difference of 0.3 or more are applied. Even if the biological reaction rate such as nutrient absorption of the crop changes, the fertilizer components can be supplied in a timely and appropriate amount, and the use efficiency of the eluted fertilizer components can be increased, and the runoff into the environment can be suppressed.
以下、本発明を更に詳細に説明する。まず、本発明に係る肥料組成物の大きな特徴は、温度依存係数の異なる、被覆粒状肥料の属する第１肥料群と第２肥料群とを有すること、そして第１肥料群と第２肥料群にそれぞれ属する被覆粒状肥料の温度依存係数の差が絶対値で０．３以上であることにある。温度依存係数Ｋは、その値が大きいほど、被覆粒状肥料からの窒素成分の溶出が、環境温度に強く依存することを示すものである。本発明の肥料組成物では、窒素成分溶出の温度依存性の小さい被覆粒状肥料と、温度依存性の大きい被覆粒状肥料とを含有させることによって、どのような環境温度に対しても、作物が必要とする窒素成分を溶出できるようにした。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. First, the great feature of the fertilizer composition according to the present invention is that it has a first fertilizer group and a second fertilizer group to which the coated granular fertilizer belongs, and the first fertilizer group and the second fertilizer group have different temperature dependence coefficients. The difference between the temperature-dependent coefficients of the coated granular fertilizers that belong to each other is that the absolute value is 0.3 or more. The temperature dependence coefficient K indicates that the greater the value, the stronger the elution of the nitrogen component from the coated granular fertilizer depends on the environmental temperature. In the fertilizer composition of the present invention, a crop is required at any environmental temperature by including a coated granular fertilizer having a small temperature dependency of elution of nitrogen components and a coated granular fertilizer having a large temperature dependency. It was made possible to elute the nitrogen component.
本発明で使用する被覆粒状肥料としては、所定範囲の温度依存係数Ｋを有し、窒素成分を含むものであれば限定はなく従来公知のものが使用できる。なお、温度依存性の制御は後述するように、被覆樹脂の種類や被覆構造等によって制御する。窒素成分としては、例えば、尿素、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸苦土アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム、硝酸ソーダ、硝酸カルシウム、硝酸カリウム、石灰窒素、ホルムアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＵＦ）、アセトアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＣＤＵ）、イソブチルアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＩＢＤＵ）、グアニール尿素（ＧＵ）が挙げられる。また、被覆粒状肥料は、その他の肥料成分として、リン酸、カリウム、珪酸、マグネシウム、カルシウム、マンガン、ホウ素、鉄等を含有してもよい。その他の成分の原料としては過リン酸石灰、重過リン酸石灰、苦土過リン酸、苦土リン酸、硫リン安、リン硝安カリウム、塩リン安等のリン酸質肥料、塩化カリウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸カリソーダ、硫酸カリ苦土、重炭酸カリウム、リン酸カリウム等のカリウム質肥料、珪酸カルシウム等の珪酸質肥料、硫酸マグネシウム、塩化マグネシウム等のマグネシウム質肥料、生石灰、消石灰、炭酸カルシウム等のカルシウム質肥料、硫酸マンガン、硫酸苦土マンガン、鉱さいマンガン等のマンガン質肥料、ホウ酸、ホウ酸塩等のホウ素質肥料、鉄鋼スラグ等の含鉄肥料等の肥料取締法に定められる普通肥料（複合肥料を含む）が挙げられる。 The coated granular fertilizer used in the present invention is not limited as long as it has a temperature-dependent coefficient K in a predetermined range and contains a nitrogen component, and a conventionally known one can be used. The temperature dependence is controlled by the type of coating resin, the coating structure, etc., as will be described later. Examples of nitrogen components include urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, lime nitrogen, formaldehyde processed urea fertilizer (UF), and acetaldehyde processed urea fertilizer (CDU). ), Isobutyraldehyde-processed urea fertilizer (IBDU), and guanine urea (GU). The coated granular fertilizer may contain phosphoric acid, potassium, silicic acid, magnesium, calcium, manganese, boron, iron, and the like as other fertilizer components. Other ingredients include lime superphosphate, heavy superphosphate lime, bitumen phosphoric acid, bitter phosphonic acid, phosphorous ammonium sulfate, phosphorous ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate phosphate, potassium chloride, Potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate clay, potassium bicarbonate, potassium phosphate such as potassium phosphate, siliceous fertilizer such as calcium silicate, magnesium fertilizer such as magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride, quick lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, etc. Ordinary fertilizers stipulated in the fertilizer control law, such as calcium fertilizer, manganese sulfate such as manganese sulfate, manganese sulfate sulfate, manganese fertilizer, boron fertilizer such as boric acid and borate, ferrous fertilizer such as steel slag Compound fertilizer).
被覆粒状肥料は、通常、前記の窒素成分を含む肥料を混合・造粒して粒状肥料とし、この粒状肥料を中心の母核として被覆用樹脂等にて被覆することにより製造される。肥料の造粒方法としては従来公知の方法を用いることができる。例えば、肥料と造粒助剤、結合材、水等とを混合装置で混合した後、転動造粒法、圧縮造粒法、撹拌造粒法、押出造粒法、破砕型造粒法、流動層式造粒法等従来公知の造粒方法を用いて造粒する。ここで使用する造粒助剤としては、例えば、ベントナイトやクレイ、カオリン、セリサイト、タルク、酸性白土軽石、珪砂、ゼオライト、パーライト、バーミキュライト等の鉱物質；籾殻、おがくず、木質粉、パルプフロック、大豆粉などの植物質等が挙げられる。また結合材としては、例えば、アラビアゴム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、グリセリン、ゼラチン、ポリエチレングリコール等が挙げられる。使用する造粒助剤及び結合材は、造粒する肥料の種類や造粒強度等から適宜選択・決定すればよい。造粒された粒状肥料の粒径は、平均粒径で数ｍｍ程度であるのがよい。好適には例えば、０．５〜１０ｍｍ、より好適には例えば、１〜５ｍｍである。これらは篩いを用いることにより、前記範囲内で任意の粒径を選択することができる。また粒状肥料の形状は球状、角状、円柱状いずれでもかまわないが、球状に近いものが好ましい。 The coated granular fertilizer is usually produced by mixing and granulating the above-mentioned fertilizer containing a nitrogen component to form a granular fertilizer, and coating this granular fertilizer with a coating resin or the like as a central core. A conventionally known method can be used as the fertilizer granulation method. For example, after mixing fertilizer and granulation aid, binder, water, etc. with a mixing device, rolling granulation method, compression granulation method, stirring granulation method, extrusion granulation method, crushing granulation method, Granulation is performed using a conventionally known granulation method such as fluidized bed granulation. Examples of granulation aids used here include mineral substances such as bentonite, clay, kaolin, sericite, talc, acid clay, quartz sand, zeolite, perlite, vermiculite; rice husk, sawdust, wood flour, pulp floc, Examples include vegetable matter such as soybean flour. Examples of the binder include gum arabic, sodium alginate, glycerin, gelatin, polyethylene glycol and the like. The granulation aid and binder used may be appropriately selected and determined from the type of fertilizer to be granulated, granulation strength, and the like. The granulated fertilizer should have an average particle size of about several mm. Preferably, it is 0.5-10 mm, for example, More preferably, it is 1-5 mm. By using a sieve, any particle size can be selected within the above range. The shape of the granular fertilizer may be spherical, square or cylindrical, but is preferably close to spherical.
そして、造粒した粒状肥料の表面を、熱可塑性樹脂や熱硬化性樹脂、パラフィン類、油脂類、硫黄等で被覆又はカプセル化して、窒素成分の溶出温度依存性を調整する。被覆方法としては格別の限定はなく、例えば特開平９−２０８３５５号に開示されているように、一定の粒径の粒状肥料を撹拌装置自身の回転により転動させながら、未硬化の熱硬化性樹脂を添加し、粒状肥料の表面上にて樹脂を硬化させて被膜を形成する方法、あるいは、特開平１０−１５８０８４号に開示されているように、一定粒径の粒状肥料を噴流状態とし、熱可塑性樹脂の溶液を噴霧すると同時に、熱風にて乾燥する方法等が挙げられる。 Then, the surface of the granulated fertilizer is coated or encapsulated with a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, paraffins, oils and fats, sulfur, etc., and the elution temperature dependence of the nitrogen component is adjusted. The coating method is not particularly limited. For example, as disclosed in JP-A-9-208355, a granular fertilizer having a fixed particle diameter is rolled by the rotation of the stirring device itself, and uncured thermosetting. A method of adding a resin and curing the resin on the surface of the granular fertilizer to form a film, or as disclosed in JP-A-10-158084, a granular fertilizer having a constant particle size is made into a jet state, For example, a method of spraying a thermoplastic resin solution and simultaneously drying with a hot air may be used.
被覆用樹脂として使用できる熱可塑性樹脂は、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブテン、ポリスチレンなどのポリオレフィン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタアクリル酸、ポリアクリル酸エステル、ポリメタクリル酸エステルなどのビニル重合物、ブタジエン重合物、イソプレン重合物、クロロプレン重合物、ブタジエン−スチレン共重合物、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエン共重合物、スチレン−イソプレン共重合物などのジエン系重合物、エチレン−プロピレン共重合物、ブテン−エチレン共重合物、ブテン−プロピレン共重合物、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合物、エチレン−アクリル酸共重合物、エチレン−メタアクリル酸共重合物、エチレン−メタアクリル酸エステル共重合物、エチレン−一酸化炭素共重合物、エチレン−酢酸ビニル−一酸化炭素共重合物などのポリオレフィン共重合物、塩化ビニル−ビニルアセテート共重合物、塩化ビニリデン−塩化ビニル共重合物などの塩化ビニル共重合物等が挙げられる。熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アルキド樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ウレア・メラミン樹脂、尿素樹脂、シリコン樹脂等が挙げられる。粒状肥料を上記被覆用の樹脂で被覆する際には、必要に応じてタルク、炭酸カルシウム、金属酸化物等の無機質粉末、耐候性改良剤、着色剤、結合剤、界面活性剤等を加えることもできる。樹脂以外の被覆材としては硫黄、ワックス、水溶性高分子、熔リンとリン酸液などが挙げられる。 Thermoplastic resins that can be used as coating resins include, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, and polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid ester, Vinyl polymers such as polymethacrylates, butadiene polymers, isoprene polymers, chloroprene polymers, butadiene-styrene copolymers, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers, diene polymers such as styrene-isoprene copolymers , Ethylene-propylene copolymer, butene-ethylene copolymer, butene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-meta Acrylic ester Polymers, ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymers, polyolefin copolymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate-carbon monoxide copolymers, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, chlorides such as vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymers A vinyl copolymer etc. are mentioned. Examples of the thermosetting resin include urethane resin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, unsaturated polyester resin, phenol resin, urea / melamine resin, urea resin, and silicon resin. When coating granular fertilizer with the above coating resin, add inorganic powder such as talc, calcium carbonate, metal oxide, weather resistance improver, colorant, binder, surfactant, etc. as necessary. You can also. Examples of the coating material other than the resin include sulfur, wax, water-soluble polymer, molten phosphorus and phosphoric acid solution.
粒状肥料の被覆に用いる樹脂等の量は、粒状肥料に対して２〜２０重量％、好ましくは５〜１６重量％の範囲である。被覆用樹脂等の量が少ないと、均一な被膜の形成が困難となり被覆欠陥を生じる懸念が増大する。一方、被膜用樹脂等の量が多いと、溶出肥料成分が少なくなり、施肥量が増して有益ではない。 The amount of resin or the like used for coating the granular fertilizer is 2 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 16% by weight, based on the granular fertilizer. When the amount of the coating resin or the like is small, it is difficult to form a uniform film, and the concern of causing coating defects increases. On the other hand, if the amount of the coating resin or the like is large, the amount of the eluted fertilizer component decreases, and the amount of fertilization increases, which is not beneficial.
以上のようにして作製した被覆粒状肥料の窒素成分の溶出温度依存性制御は、例えば、被膜用樹脂の種類、分子量、混合比率、架橋密度、化学構造により制御できる。また、被膜の形成方法や膜厚等によっても制御できる。さらには、被膜中に分散含有させる粉粒体の粒径や量等を調整することによって制御できる。 The elution temperature dependence control of the nitrogen component of the coated granular fertilizer produced as described above can be controlled by, for example, the type of coating resin, molecular weight, mixing ratio, crosslink density, and chemical structure. It can also be controlled by the film forming method, film thickness, and the like. Furthermore, it is controllable by adjusting the particle size, quantity, etc. of the granular material to be dispersed and contained in the coating.
植物の肥料吸収速度は、温度が１０℃上がると２倍速くなると言われており、被覆粒状肥料の溶出速度の温度依存性もその付近に調整するのが理想とされる。本発明の肥料組成物では、温度依存指数Ｋが１．０〜２．０（ただし、２．０は含まない）の範囲の被覆粒状肥料からなる第１肥料群と、温度依存指数Ｋが２．０〜３．０の範囲の被覆粒状肥料からなる第２肥料群とを備え、第１肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最大の温度依存指数と、第２肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最小の温度依存指数との差が絶対値で０．３以上となるようにして、いかなる環境温度においても窒素成分を溶出するようにした。 It is said that the fertilizer absorption rate of plants increases twice as much as the temperature increases by 10 ° C., and it is ideal to adjust the temperature dependence of the dissolution rate of the coated granular fertilizer to the vicinity. In the fertilizer composition of the present invention, the first fertilizer group consisting of coated granular fertilizers having a temperature dependent index K in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 (excluding 2.0), and the temperature dependent index K is 2. A second fertilizer group comprising a coated granular fertilizer in the range of 0.0 to 3.0, the maximum temperature-dependent index in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to the first fertilizer group, and the minimum in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to the second fertilizer group The nitrogen component was eluted at any environmental temperature so that the difference from the temperature dependence index of the water was 0.3 or more in absolute value.
第１肥料群の、肥料組成物に占める割合としては、１０〜９０重量％の範囲が好ましい。また第２肥料群の、肥料組成物に占める割合も１０〜９０重量％の範囲が好ましい。第１肥料群と第２肥料群との存在割合は重量比で１：１０〜１０：１の範囲が好ましい。第１肥料群と第２肥料群との存在比率がこの範囲にないと、溶出する肥料成分の利用効率が低く、本発明の効果が十分には奏されないおそれがある。 The proportion of the first fertilizer group in the fertilizer composition is preferably in the range of 10 to 90% by weight. The proportion of the second fertilizer group in the fertilizer composition is also preferably in the range of 10 to 90% by weight. The existence ratio of the first fertilizer group and the second fertilizer group is preferably in the range of 1:10 to 10: 1 by weight ratio. If the abundance ratio between the first fertilizer group and the second fertilizer group is not within this range, the use efficiency of the eluting fertilizer component is low, and the effects of the present invention may not be sufficiently achieved.
また、第１肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最大の温度依存指数と、第２肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最小の温度依存指数との差が、絶対値で０．３以上であることも本発明において重要である。前記温度依存指数の差が０．３未満では、第１肥料群又は第２肥料群の一方のみを含有する肥料組成物を用いた場合に対して効果の違いが判然としない。 In addition, the difference between the maximum temperature dependence index in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to the first fertilizer group and the minimum temperature dependence index in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to the second fertilizer group may be 0.3 or more in absolute value. Important in the present invention. If the difference of the temperature dependence index is less than 0.3, the difference in effect is unclear compared to the case where a fertilizer composition containing only one of the first fertilizer group or the second fertilizer group is used.
本発明の肥料組成物には、第１肥料群及び第２肥料群以外に、速効性肥料や緩効性肥料など従来公知の肥料を、作物による肥料成分の吸収に合わせて、さらに含有させても構わない。さらに含有させる肥料は、被覆されていても被覆されていなくてもよい。また、本発明の肥料組成物には肥料成分のほかに、殺虫剤や除草剤、殺菌剤、植物生長調整剤等の生理活性物質を含有させてもよい。 In addition to the first fertilizer group and the second fertilizer group, the fertilizer composition of the present invention further contains conventionally known fertilizers such as fast-acting fertilizers and slow-acting fertilizers in accordance with the absorption of fertilizer components by crops. It doesn't matter. Further, the fertilizer to be contained may be coated or uncoated. In addition to the fertilizer components, the fertilizer composition of the present invention may contain physiologically active substances such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and plant growth regulators.
本発明の肥料組成物は、第１肥料群及び第２肥料群、さらに必要により他の肥料や生理活性物質等を従来公知の方法及び装置で撹拌混合して得ることができる。 The fertilizer composition of the present invention can be obtained by stirring and mixing the first fertilizer group and the second fertilizer group, and, if necessary, other fertilizers, physiologically active substances and the like by a conventionally known method and apparatus.
次に、本発明に係る作物の栽培方法について説明する。本発明の栽培方法は、温度依存指数Ｋが１．０〜２．０（ただし、２．０は含まない）の範囲で窒素成分を含む第１の被覆粒状肥料と、前記温度依存係数Ｋが２．０〜３．０の範囲で且つ第１の被覆粒状肥料のそれよりも０．３以上大きく、窒素成分を含む第２の被覆粒状肥料とを、作物に施用することを特徴とする。 Next, the crop cultivation method according to the present invention will be described. In the cultivation method of the present invention, the temperature-dependent index K is 1.0 to 2.0 (however, 2.0 is not included), the first coated granular fertilizer containing a nitrogen component, and the temperature-dependent coefficient K is A second coated granular fertilizer in the range of 2.0 to 3.0 and 0.3 or more larger than that of the first coated granular fertilizer and containing a nitrogen component is applied to the crop.
第１の被覆粒状肥料としては、前述の第１肥料群に属するものがここでも使用できる。第２の被覆粒状肥料としては、前述の第２肥料群に属するものであって、温度依存指数Ｋが第１の被覆粒状肥料のそれよりも０．３以上大きいものが使用できる。 As the first coated granular fertilizer, those belonging to the above-mentioned first fertilizer group can also be used here. As the second coated granular fertilizer, one belonging to the above-mentioned second fertilizer group and having a temperature dependence index K of 0.3 or more larger than that of the first coated granular fertilizer can be used.
第１の被覆粒状肥料と第２の被覆粒状肥料との施用割合は、作物の種類等から適宜決定すればよいが、通常は、重量比で１：１０〜１０：１の範囲が好ましい。 The application ratio of the first coated granular fertilizer and the second coated granular fertilizer may be appropriately determined based on the type of crop and the like, but is usually preferably in the range of 1:10 to 10: 1 by weight ratio.
また、第１の被覆粒状肥料と第２の被覆粒状肥料とを施用する量や時期、位置は、従来の栽培方法における施肥技術に従えばよい。施用量としては、第１の被覆粒状肥料と第２の被覆粒状肥料とを合わせた窒素成分量として、通常０.０５〜２００ｋｇ／１０ａの範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは２〜１２０ｋｇ／１０ａの範囲、さらに好ましくは２〜８０ｋｇ／１０ａの範囲である。また、施用時期としては、元肥時期または追肥時期が挙げられる。施用位置としては、例えば表面施肥、全層施肥、深層施肥、作条施肥、側条施肥、条間施肥または肌肥等が挙げられる。これらの施用時期及び施用位置は、植物の栄養特性、労働効率、環境条件に応じて適宜選択すればよいが、肥料成分の利用効率や追肥作業省力化の点からは、栽培期間中に施用する全量もしくは大部分を元肥として育苗開始時、本圃への播種時、または本圃への苗の移植時に育苗容器または本圃へ施用する方法が好ましい。 Moreover, what is necessary is just to follow the fertilization technique in the conventional cultivation method about the quantity, time, and position which apply a 1st coated granular fertilizer and a 2nd coated granular fertilizer. As an application rate, the range of 0.05-200 kg / 10a is preferable normally as a nitrogen component amount which match | combined the 1st coated granular fertilizer and the 2nd coated granular fertilizer, More preferably, it is the range of 2-120 kg / 10a More preferably, it is the range of 2-80 kg / 10a. Moreover, as an application time, the original fertilization time or the top fertilization time is mentioned. Examples of application positions include surface fertilization, full layer fertilization, deep layer fertilization, row fertilization, side row fertilization, inter-row fertilization, skin fertilization, and the like. These application time and application position may be appropriately selected according to the nutritional characteristics, labor efficiency, and environmental conditions of the plant, but in terms of utilization efficiency of fertilizer components and labor saving of additional fertilization work, it is applied during the cultivation period. A method of applying the whole amount or most of the original fertilizer to the seedling container or the main field at the start of seedling raising, seeding into the main field, or transplanting the seedling into the main field is preferable.
本発明の栽培方法では、第１の被覆粒状肥料と第２の被覆粒状肥料以外に、速効性肥料や緩効性肥料など従来公知の肥料を、前記の被覆粒状肥料の施用と同時期に又は異なる時期に施用してももちろん構わない。このような肥料は、被覆されていても被覆されていなくてもよい。また、本発明の栽培方法では、殺虫剤や除草剤、殺菌剤、植物生長調整剤等の生理活性物質を必要により適宜施用しても構わない。 In the cultivation method of the present invention, in addition to the first coated granular fertilizer and the second coated granular fertilizer, a conventionally known fertilizer such as a fast-acting fertilizer or a slow-acting fertilizer is used at the same time as the application of the coated granular fertilizer or Of course, it can be applied at different times. Such fertilizers may be coated or uncoated. In the cultivation method of the present invention, physiologically active substances such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and plant growth regulators may be applied as necessary.
本発明の栽培方法は、季節較差や日較差および温度管理により適度に温度変化が生じる栽培環境に適しており、特に夏期や冬期を跨いで栽培期間中に温度の上昇と下降（または下降と上昇）が生じる作型において好ましく適用できる。 The cultivation method of the present invention is suitable for a cultivation environment in which a temperature change is moderately caused by a seasonal difference, a daily difference, and temperature management. In particular, the temperature rises and falls (or falls and rises) during the cultivation period across the summer and winter seasons. ) Can be preferably applied in the pattern where the occurrence occurs.
本発明の肥料組成物及び栽培方法が好適に適用できる作物としては、特に限定されるものではないが、食用作物、飼料作物、工芸作物、園芸作物（果樹、蔬菜、花卉等）等が挙げられる。食用作物としては、例えば、イネ、ムギ類、トウモロコシ、イモ類、マメ類等が挙げられ、蔬菜としては、例えば、葉菜類、果菜類、根菜類が挙げられ、花卉としては、例えば、１年草、２年草、宿根草が挙げられる。これらの中でも、生育速度が早く温度条件への生育反応が鋭敏である作物の栽培に好適に用いられる。 The crops to which the fertilizer composition and the cultivation method of the present invention can be suitably applied are not particularly limited, but include edible crops, feed crops, craft crops, horticultural crops (fruit trees, sugar beets, flower buds, etc.) and the like. . Examples of food crops include rice, wheat, corn, potatoes, and legumes. Examples of prepared vegetables include leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, and root vegetables. Examples of flower buds include annual grasses. Biennial grass and perennial grass. Among these, it is suitably used for cultivation of crops that have a fast growth rate and are sensitive to growth conditions under temperature conditions.
以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳しく説明するが本発明はこれらの例に何ら限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited to these examples at all.
（被覆粒状肥料Ａの作製）
粒状尿素（粒径２．０〜４．０ｍｍ）を、熱風発生機を付設した温度制御可能な転動型攪拌装置に仕込み、転動させながら、約７０℃に加熱した。次いで、ポリメリックＭＤＩ［住化バイエルウレタン（株）製、商品名：スミジュ−ル４４Ｖ１０］、ポリエ−テル型ポリオ−ル［住化バイエルウレタン（株）製、商品名：スミフェンＴＭ］及び２，４，６−トリス（ジメチルアミノメチル）フェノ−ル（重量比４７：５２：１）の混合物を、転動状態にある上記粒状肥料に分割して添加し、粒状尿素の重量に対して６重量％相当のポリウレタン樹脂被膜を該粒状肥料の表面に形成し、ここに粒状尿素の重量に対して０．０２％相当の界面活性剤[花王株式会社製、商品名：エマール１０パウダー]と粒状尿素の重量に対して０．０８％相当のクレイ[昭和鉱業株式会社製、商品名：特雪カットクレー]を添加し、被覆粒状肥料Ａを作製した。被覆粒状肥料Ａは２５℃水中で肥料成分が８０％溶出するまでに７２日、３５℃水中で肥料成分が８０％溶出するまでに４８日を要した。被覆粒状肥料Ａの温度依存指数Ｋは１．５だった。
(Production of coated granular fertilizer A)
Granular urea (particle size: 2.0 to 4.0 mm) was charged into a temperature-controllable rolling stirrer equipped with a hot air generator and heated to about 70 ° C. while rolling. Subsequently, Polymeric MDI [manufactured by Sumika Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd., trade name: Sumidur 44V10], polyether type polyol [manufactured by Sumika Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd., trade name: Sumifene TM] and 2,4 , 6-Tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (weight ratio 47: 52: 1) was added in portions to the above-mentioned granular fertilizer in the rolling state, and 6 wt% based on the weight of the granular urea Corresponding polyurethane resin film is formed on the surface of the granular fertilizer, where 0.02% equivalent surfactant (trade name: EMAL 10 powder) and granular urea are equivalent to the weight of the granular urea. Clay equivalent to 0.08% by weight (made by Showa Mining Co., Ltd., trade name: special snow cut clay) was added to produce coated granular fertilizer A. Coated granular fertilizer A required 72 days for 80% fertilizer components to elute in 25 ° C. water and 48 days for 80% fertilizer components to elute in 35 ° C. water. The temperature dependent index K of the coated granular fertilizer A was 1.5.
（被覆粒状肥料Ｂの作製）
粒状尿素（粒径２．０〜４．０ｍｍ）を、熱風発生機を付設した温度制御可能な転動型攪拌装置に仕込み、転動させながら、約７０℃に加熱した。次いで、ポリメリックＭＤＩ［住化バイエルウレタン（株）製、商品名：スミジュ−ル４４Ｖ１０］、ポリエ−テル型ポリオ−ル［住化バイエルウレタン（株）製、商品名：スミフェンＴＭ］、ヒマシ油［豊国製油株式会社製、商品名：工業用１号ひまし油］及び２，４，６−トリス（ジメチルアミノメチル）フェノ−ル（重量比３８．６２：２９．８３：２９．８３：１．７２）の混合物を、転動状態にある上記粒状肥料に分割して添加し、粒状尿素の重量に対して７重量％相当のポリウレタン樹脂被膜を該粒状肥料の表面に形成させた。上記混合物の分割添加の最後３回には同時に粒状尿素の重量に対して０．１５％相当の酸化第二鉄[戸田工業株式会社製、商品名：１２０ＥＤ]を添加した。更に粒状尿素の重量に対して０．０２％相当の界面活性剤[花王株式会社製、商品名：エマール１０パウダー]と粒状尿素の重量に対して０．０８％相当のクレイ[昭和鉱業株式会社製、商品名：特雪カットクレー]を添加し、被覆粒状肥料Ｂを作製した。被覆粒状肥料Ｂは２５℃水中で肥料成分が８０％溶出するまでに６６日、３５℃水中で肥料成分が８０％溶出するまでに３３日を要した。被覆粒状肥料Ｂの温度依存指数Ｋは２．０だった。
(Production of coated granular fertilizer B)
Granular urea (particle size: 2.0 to 4.0 mm) was charged into a temperature-controllable rolling stirrer equipped with a hot air generator and heated to about 70 ° C. while rolling. Subsequently, Polymeric MDI [manufactured by Sumika Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd., trade name: Sumidur 44V10], polyether type polyol [manufactured by Sumika Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd., trade name: Sumifene TM], castor oil [ Manufactured by Toyokuni Oil Co., Ltd., trade name: No. 1 castor oil for industrial use] and 2,4,6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (weight ratio 38.62: 29.83: 29.83: 1.72) The mixture was dividedly added to the above-mentioned granular fertilizer in a rolling state, and a polyurethane resin film equivalent to 7% by weight with respect to the weight of granular urea was formed on the surface of the granular fertilizer. Ferric oxide equivalent to 0.15% of the weight of granular urea (trade name: 120ED, manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was simultaneously added to the last three times of the divided addition of the above mixture. Further, a surfactant equivalent to 0.02% with respect to the weight of granular urea [trade name: EMAL 10 powder] manufactured by Kao Corporation and clay equivalent to 0.08% with respect to the weight of granular urea [Showa Mining Co., Ltd. Manufactured, trade name: special snow cut clay] was added to produce coated granular fertilizer B. The coated granular fertilizer B required 66 days for the fertilizer components to elute 80% in 25 ° C water, and 33 days for the fertilizer components to dissolve 80% in 35 ° C water. The temperature dependent index K of the coated granular fertilizer B was 2.0.
（栽培試験例１）
スミヒレン化成６６６号（窒素−リン酸−加里 １６−１６−１６；住友化学社製）、粒状硫酸加里（０−０−４５）、被覆粒状肥料Ａ（４３−０−０）、被覆粒状肥料Ｂ（４２−０−０）を、重量比６４：３：２６：７の割合で混合して肥料組成物を作製した。実施例区１として、兵庫県加西市の畑圃場において、２００６年１２月７日に、窒素成分量として１０アールあたり３０ｋｇとなるように、この肥料組成物を全量元肥施用し、全層混和して畝立てを行いキャベツを栽培した。試験は１肥料につき畝幅１．４ｍ×長さ５ｍの２条植え区画で行った。キャベツ（品種：ＹＲ天空）種子を１０月２０日に１００ｍｌ容ポリカップに播種し、網室で育苗した後、苗を１２月１１日に株間３０ｃｍで移植した。２００７年６月１４日に実施例区内から１０株ずつ結球を収穫した。最大最小の２株を除き、８株の平均球重を求めた。結果を表１に示す。
(Cultivation test example 1)
Sumilen Kasei 666 (Nitrogen-Phosphate-Kari 16-16-16; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), granular sulfuric acid (0-0-45), coated granular fertilizer A (43-0-0), coated granular fertilizer B (42-0-0) was mixed at a weight ratio of 64: 3: 26: 7 to prepare a fertilizer composition. As Example Zone 1, in the field field of Kasai City, Hyogo Prefecture, on December 7, 2006, the total amount of this fertilizer composition was applied to the original fertilizer so that the nitrogen component amount would be 30 kg per 10 ares, and all layers were mixed. And cultivated cabbage. The test was conducted in a two-row planting section with a ridge width of 1.4 m and a length of 5 m per fertilizer. Cabbage (variety: YR Tenku) seeds were sown in a 100 ml polycup on October 20th and grown in a net room, and then the seedlings were transplanted on December 11 at 30 cm between the strains. On June 14, 2007, 10 strains were harvested from each of the examples. Excluding the maximum and minimum 2 strains, the average ball weight of 8 strains was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
比較例区１として、スミヒレン化成６６６号、粒状硫酸加里、被覆粒状肥料Ｂを、重量比６４：３：３３の割合で混合した肥料組成物を用いて発明品と同様にしてキャベツを栽培した。結果を表１に示す。 As Comparative Example Zone 1, cabbage was cultivated in the same manner as the inventive product using a fertilizer composition in which Sumihiren Kasei No. 666, granular sulfuric acid potassium and coated granular fertilizer B were mixed at a weight ratio of 64: 3: 33. The results are shown in Table 1.
表１から明らかなように、実施例区１と比較例区１とは施肥窒素量は同量であるが、実施例区１では肥効がキャベツの生育に適合し、収量が増加した。 As is clear from Table 1, the amount of fertilized nitrogen was the same in Example Group 1 and Comparative Example Group 1, but in Example Group 1, the fertilization effect was adapted to the growth of cabbage and the yield increased.
栽培試験例２
すずらん特号（窒素−リン酸−加里 ６−２０−２０；住友化学社製）、粒状リン酸２アンモニウム（１７．５−４５．５−０）、被覆粒状肥料Ａ（４３−０−０）、被覆粒状肥料Ｂ（４２−０−０）を、重量比６５：１０：２０：５の割合で混合し、本発明に係る肥料組成物を作製した。実施例区２として、兵庫県加西市の畑圃場において、２００６年１１月１５日に、窒素成分量として１０アールあたり２５ｋｇとなるように、この肥料組成物を全量元肥施用し、全層混和して畝立てを行い、タマネギを栽培した。試験は１肥料につき畝幅１．４ｍ×長さ３．８ｍの４条植え区画で行った。タマネギ（品種：ターボ）苗を１１月１６日に株間１０ｃｍで移植した。２００７年６月８日に試験区の中央付近から１ｍ分収穫した。葉を切除した球を網袋に入れ、倉庫内の床に並べて貯蔵した。８月２３日に貯蔵中の腐敗球を除いた残りについて平均球重を求めた。結果を表２に示す。
Cultivation test example 2
Special Suzuran (Nitrogen-Phosphate-Kari 6-20-20; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), granular ammonium diphosphate (17.5-45.5-0), coated granular fertilizer A (43-0-0) The coated granular fertilizer B (42-0-0) was mixed at a weight ratio of 65: 10: 20: 5 to prepare a fertilizer composition according to the present invention. As Example Zone 2, in the field field of Kasai City, Hyogo Prefecture, on November 15, 2006, the entire amount of this fertilizer composition was applied to the original fertilizer so that the nitrogen component amount would be 25 kg per 10 ares, and all layers were mixed. And then cultivated onions. The test was conducted in a 4-row planting section with a ridge width of 1.4 m and a length of 3.8 m per fertilizer. Onion (variety: turbo) seedlings were transplanted at 16 cm between the strains on November 16th. On June 8, 2007, 1 m was harvested from around the center of the test area. The balls from which the leaves were cut were placed in a net bag and stored side by side on the floor in the warehouse. On August 23, the average ball weight was determined for the remainder excluding the spoiled balls being stored. The results are shown in Table 2.
比較例区２として、すずらん特号、粒状リン酸２アンモニウム、被覆粒状肥料Ａを、重量比６５：１０：２５の割合で混合した肥料組成物を用いて、実施例区２と同様にして、タマネギを栽培した。また、比較例区３として、すずらん特号、粒状リン酸２アンモニウム、被覆粒状肥料Ｂを、重量比６５：１０：２５の割合で混合した肥料組成物を用いて、実施例区２と同様にして、タマネギを栽培した。結果を表２に合わせて示す。 As Comparative Example Section 2, using a fertilizer composition obtained by mixing Suzuran special number, granular ammonium phosphate, coated granular fertilizer A at a weight ratio of 65:10:25, in the same manner as in Example Section 2, Onions were grown. Moreover, as Comparative Example Section 3, using a fertilizer composition obtained by mixing Suzuran Special No., granular diammonium phosphate, and coated granular fertilizer B at a weight ratio of 65:10:25, the same as Example Section 2 And cultivated onions. The results are shown in Table 2.
表２から明らかなように、実施例区２と比較例区２，３とは施肥窒素量は同量であるが、実施例区２では肥効がタマネギの生育に適合し収量が増加した。 As is apparent from Table 2, the amount of fertilizer applied in Example Group 2 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 was the same, but in Example Group 2, the fertilization effect was adapted to the growth of onion and the yield increased.
本発明に係る肥料組成物は、温度較差の存在する栽培環境であっても、作物に対して好適な肥料成分を供給し、生育と収量の向上をもたらす。 The fertilizer composition according to the present invention supplies suitable fertilizer components to crops even in a cultivation environment where there is a temperature range, and brings about growth and yield improvement.
Claims (9)
第１肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最大の温度依存指数と、第２肥料群に属する被覆粒状肥料における最小の温度依存指数との差が絶対値で０．３以上であることを特徴とする肥料組成物。
Ｋ＝Ｄ２５／Ｄ３５
（式中、Ｄ２５：温度２５℃の水中において、窒素成分の８０％が溶出するのに要する日数，Ｄ３５：温度３５℃の水中において、窒素成分の８０％が溶出するのに要する日数） A first fertilizer group consisting of at least one kind of coated granular fertilizer containing a nitrogen component in the range of a temperature dependence index K calculated from the following formula of 1.0 to 2.0 (excluding 2.0); A second fertilizer group consisting of at least one type of coated granular fertilizer containing a nitrogen component in a temperature-dependent index K in the range of 2.0 to 3.0,
The difference between the maximum temperature dependence index in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to the first fertilizer group and the minimum temperature dependence index in the coated granular fertilizer belonging to the second fertilizer group is 0.3 or more in absolute value, Fertilizer composition.
K = D 25 / D 35
(Where D 25 is the number of days required for elution of 80% of the nitrogen component in water at a temperature of 25 ° C., D 35 is the number of days required for elution of 80% of the nitrogen component in water at a temperature of 35 ° C.)
Ｋ＝Ｄ２５／Ｄ３５
（式中、Ｄ２５：温度２５℃の水中において、窒素成分の８０％が溶出するのに要する日数，Ｄ３５：温度３５℃の水中において、窒素成分の８０％が溶出するのに要する日数） The first coated granular fertilizer containing a nitrogen component in the range of the temperature dependence index K calculated from the following formula of 1.0 to 2.0 (excluding 2.0), and the temperature dependence coefficient K is 2 A second coated granular fertilizer containing a nitrogen component in a range of 0.0 to 3.0 and greater than or equal to 0.3 or more than that of the first coated granular fertilizer; Cultivation method.
K = D 25 / D 35
(Where D 25 is the number of days required for elution of 80% of the nitrogen component in water at a temperature of 25 ° C., D 35 is the number of days required for elution of 80% of the nitrogen component in water at a temperature of 35 ° C.)
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| WO2014109252A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Artificial soil medium |
| CN104311202A (en) * | 2014-11-16 | 2015-01-28 | 刘健 | Compound fertilizer applied to wheat |
| CN104355890A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-18 | 刘健 | Blended formulated fertilizer applied to wheat |
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