JP2009203690A - Earth anchor and method of removing the same - Google Patents

Earth anchor and method of removing the same Download PDF

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JP2009203690A
JP2009203690A JP2008046212A JP2008046212A JP2009203690A JP 2009203690 A JP2009203690 A JP 2009203690A JP 2008046212 A JP2008046212 A JP 2008046212A JP 2008046212 A JP2008046212 A JP 2008046212A JP 2009203690 A JP2009203690 A JP 2009203690A
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earth anchor
concrete
cylindrical member
retaining wall
earth
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JP5016521B2 (en
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Etsuo Sakurai
悦雄 桜井
Yasuyuki Sikakomori
泰幸 鹿籠
Tomonori Hara
智紀 原
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Nishimatsu Construction Co Ltd
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Nishimatsu Construction Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an earth anchor enabling the placement of concrete to be completed at one time when an underground structure is constructed in the same manner as when the earth anchor is not removed even at a work site where the earth anchor must be removed after completing the construction of the underground structure and easily removable even after placing concrete and to provide a method of removing the earth anchor. <P>SOLUTION: A tubular member 13 in which a tensile member 11 is inserted and which supports a load from a retaining plate 12 is attached between the retaining plate 12 for supporting the tensile member 11 and an earth retaining wall 21. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、地下構造物を構築する際の、山留め壁の支持に用いられるアースアンカー、およびその撤去方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an earth anchor used for supporting a retaining wall when constructing an underground structure, and a method for removing the ground anchor.

地盤を掘削して地下構造物を構築するには、周囲に山留め壁を設置するなどして、地盤が崩れるのを防ぎながら作業をしなければならない。その際、山留め壁の壁面に横断方向に腹起しを設置し、山留め壁の背後にアースアンカーを打ち込んで引張材を緊張し、引張材の先端を腹起しの前に固定することによって山留め壁を支持する方法が一般的に用いられている。   To construct an underground structure by excavating the ground, it is necessary to work while preventing the ground from collapsing, such as by installing a retaining wall around it. At that time, install a flank in the transverse direction on the wall of the retaining wall, drive the earth anchor behind the retaining wall, tension the tension member, and fix the tip of the tensile member in front of the erection. A method of supporting the wall is generally used.

また、地下構造物の柱や壁は、山留め壁と山留め壁に平行に設けられた型枠との間にコンクリートを打設することで構築される。コンクリートを打設する時に、地山に打込まれているアースアンカーを撤去する必要は必ずしもないため、山留め壁から突出したアースアンカーの先端部を、コンクリートに埋没させた状態で壁や柱を構築してしまうことも可能である。そうすれば、アースアンカーの撤去作業に手間をとられない上に、型枠の上端まで一度にコンクリートを流し込めるので、短い時間で作業を終えることができる。   In addition, the pillars and walls of the underground structure are constructed by placing concrete between the retaining wall and a formwork provided in parallel to the retaining wall. When placing concrete, it is not always necessary to remove the ground anchor that has been driven into the ground, so the wall and pillar are built with the tip of the ground anchor protruding from the retaining wall buried in concrete. It is also possible to do so. Then, it is possible to finish the work in a short time because it is not time-consuming to remove the earth anchor and the concrete is poured into the upper end of the formwork at once.

ところが、構築作業を行う場所によっては、土地の境界線等の制約があるため、構築作業終了後にアースアンカーを撤去しなければならない場合がある。ここで、前述したようなコンクリート壁の構築方法を採用すると、アースアンカーがコンクリートに埋まってしまうので撤去することができなくなる。   However, depending on the location where the construction work is performed, there may be restrictions on land boundaries, etc., so it may be necessary to remove the earth anchor after the construction work is completed. Here, if the concrete wall construction method as described above is employed, the earth anchor is buried in the concrete and cannot be removed.

この問題に対処する手段として、山留め壁の横断方向に鉄筋を組み、アースアンカーを通すための筒を配置して、その上からコンクリートを打設することにより、アースアンカーの貫通孔を有すると共に、外壁躯体の一部となる鉄筋コンクリート製の腹起しを構築し、貫通孔からアースアンカーを打込んで山留め壁を支持した後に土砂の掘削を行い、掘り終えたら腹起しの下までコンクリートを打設し、コンクリートが硬化して直接土圧を支えられるようになったらアースアンカーを撤去し、最後に腹起しから上にコンクリートを打設して地下構造物の壁を構築する方法(特許文献1参照)等が従来から用いられている。
特開平8−302689号公報
As a means to deal with this problem, assembling reinforcing bars in the transverse direction of the retaining wall, placing a cylinder for passing the earth anchor, and placing concrete from above, having a through hole of the earth anchor, After constructing a reinforced concrete uprising to be a part of the outer wall frame, driving the earth anchor through the through hole to support the retaining wall, excavating the earth and sand, and after finishing digging the concrete to the bottom of the upset Once the concrete has hardened and can directly support the earth pressure, the earth anchor is removed, and finally the concrete is placed on the top of the abdomen to construct the wall of the underground structure (Patent Document) 1) and the like have been used conventionally.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-302689

しかし、腹起しを鉄筋コンクリートで構築することもさることながら、コンクリートの打設作業を、アースアンカーの撤去の前後で二度に分けて行うことは、アースアンカーを撤去せずに一度にコンクリートを打設する場合と比べ、大変手間やコストがかかるものであった。   However, in addition to constructing the upset with reinforced concrete, performing concrete placement work twice before and after the removal of the earth anchor does not remove the earth anchor and removes the concrete at once. Compared to the case of placing, it was very troublesome and costly.

本発明の課題は、地下構造物の構築作業の終了後、アースアンカーを撤去しなければならない作業現場においても、アースアンカーを撤去しない場合と同様に、地下構造物構築時のコンクリートの打設を一度で終えることを可能にし、コンクリート打設後でも容易に撤去することができるアースアンカーおよびその撤去方法を提供することである。   The subject of the present invention is that, even in the work site where the earth anchor must be removed after the construction work of the underground structure is completed, the concrete is placed when the underground structure is constructed, as in the case where the earth anchor is not removed. It is an object to provide an earth anchor that can be finished at once and can be easily removed even after placing concrete, and a method for removing the earth anchor.

以上の課題を解決するため、請求項1に記載の発明は、構造物の構築作業終了後に、引張材を引き抜いて撤去することが可能なアースアンカーであって、前記引張材を支持する支圧板と、山留め壁との間に、前記引張材を内部に挿通すると共に、前記支圧板からの荷重を支える筒状部材を備えることを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is an earth anchor capable of pulling out and removing a tensile material after completion of a construction work of a structure, and a bearing plate that supports the tensile material. In addition, a tubular member is provided between the retaining wall and the retaining member, and the tensile member is inserted into the retaining wall and supports the load from the bearing plate.

請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載のアースアンカーであって、前記筒状部材の側面には孔が設けられることを特徴とする。   A second aspect of the present invention is the earth anchor according to the first aspect, wherein a hole is provided in a side surface of the cylindrical member.

請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1または2に記載のアースアンカーであって、前記筒状部材は鋼管であることを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 3 is the earth anchor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylindrical member is a steel pipe.

請求項4に記載の発明は、山留め壁付近の地下構造物構築時に用いられるアースアンカーの撤去方法であって、引張材を支持する支圧板と、山留め壁との間に、前記引張材を内部に挿通すると共に、前記支圧板からの荷重を支える筒状部材を備えるアースアンカーを設置し、前記筒状部材の先端部が露出するようにコンクリートを打設し、前記筒状部材の先端部に設けられる孔から、前記筒状部材内を通る前記引張材を切断して引き抜くことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 4 is a method of removing an earth anchor used when constructing an underground structure near a retaining wall, wherein the tensile member is disposed between a bearing plate supporting the tensile member and the retaining wall. A ground anchor provided with a cylindrical member that supports the load from the bearing plate, concrete is placed so that the tip of the cylindrical member is exposed, and the tip of the cylindrical member is The tensile material passing through the cylindrical member is cut and pulled out from the hole provided.

請求項5に記載の発明は、請求項4に記載のアースアンカーの撤去方法であって、前記アースアンカーの設置前に、前記筒状部材に前記孔を設けることを特徴とする。   A fifth aspect of the present invention is the ground anchor removal method according to the fourth aspect, wherein the hole is provided in the cylindrical member before the ground anchor is installed.

本発明によれば、底部から地上まで一度にコンクリートを打設しても、筒状部材によってアースアンカーの先端部をコンクリート壁面に露出させることが可能となるので、筒状部材の側面に孔を設けて、内側を通る引張材を切断して引き抜くことで、アースアンカーの撤去を容易に行うことができる。また、腹起しには通常のH形鋼等を用いることができ、特殊な作業を要しない。従って、地下構造物の構築作業における手間やコストが大幅に低減される。   According to the present invention, since the tip of the earth anchor can be exposed to the concrete wall surface by the cylindrical member even when the concrete is placed from the bottom to the ground at once, a hole is formed in the side surface of the cylindrical member. The ground anchor can be easily removed by providing and cutting and pulling the tensile material passing through the inside. Moreover, a normal H-section steel or the like can be used for raising the stomach, and no special work is required. Therefore, the labor and cost in the construction work of the underground structure are greatly reduced.

以下、図を参照して本発明を実施するための最良の形態を詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明を適用したアースアンカーの一実施形態の構成を示すもので、11は引張材、12は支圧板、13は筒状部材である鋼管、14は孔、21は山留め壁、22は腹起し、23はブラケット、24は台座である。図2は地下構造物の構築後のアースアンカーを示す断面図で、31はコンクリート壁である。
Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an embodiment of an earth anchor to which the present invention is applied, in which 11 is a tensile material, 12 is a bearing plate, 13 is a steel pipe that is a cylindrical member, 14 is a hole, 21 is a retaining wall, 22 is an abdomen, 23 is a bracket, and 24 is a pedestal. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the earth anchor after the construction of the underground structure, and 31 is a concrete wall.

山留め壁21は掘削箇所を囲むように設置され、周囲の地山からの土圧を支えるものである。山留め壁21の壁面には、二本の腹起し22が水平に、かつ上下並行に取り付けられている。腹起し22は下部に設けられたブラケット23によって数箇所で支えられている。腹起し22の前面には、後述するアースアンカー1を保持すると共に、アースアンカーからの荷重を受ける台座24が、アースアンカー1を打込む箇所に、上下の腹起し22の前面に取り付けられている。   The mountain retaining wall 21 is installed so as to surround the excavation site, and supports earth pressure from the surrounding natural ground. On the wall surface of the mountain retaining wall 21, two erections 22 are attached horizontally and vertically in parallel. The erection 22 is supported at several places by brackets 23 provided at the lower part. A pedestal 24 that holds a later-described earth anchor 1 and receives a load from the earth anchor is attached to the front surface of the upper and lower erections 22 at a position where the earth anchor 1 is driven. ing.

アースアンカー1は、台座24を通る引張材11、引張材11を先端部で支持する支圧板12、台座11と支圧板12に挟まれた鋼管13から概略構成されている。アースアンカー1は除去式のものであって、一本の引張材11を図示しない先端の耐荷体で折り曲げてU字状にしたものの両端を、支圧板12で支持しているので、一方を切断し、もう一方を引っ張ることで除去が可能となっている。   The earth anchor 1 is generally composed of a tensile member 11 passing through a pedestal 24, a bearing plate 12 that supports the tensile member 11 at the tip, and a steel pipe 13 sandwiched between the pedestal 11 and the bearing plate 12. The earth anchor 1 is of a removable type, and is formed by bending a single tension member 11 with a load-bearing body (not shown) into a U-shape and supporting both ends with a bearing plate 12 so that one of them is cut. However, it can be removed by pulling the other.

鋼管13は、後述するコンクリート壁31の壁面から先端部が露出できる程度の長さとなるよう、設計図等であらかじめコンクリート壁の厚さを確認した上で製作し取り付ける。また、鋼管13の内部には引張材11が通されていて、先端部の側面には孔14が設けられているので、孔14から引張材11を目視することができる。   The steel pipe 13 is manufactured and attached after confirming the thickness of the concrete wall in advance with a design drawing or the like so that the tip can be exposed from the wall surface of the concrete wall 31 described later. Further, since the tensile material 11 is passed through the steel pipe 13 and the hole 14 is provided on the side surface of the tip portion, the tensile material 11 can be visually observed from the hole 14.

次に、地下構造物の構築から、アースアンカーの撤去までの流れを説明する。図1に示すような形にアースアンカーが設置され、山留め壁の内側の掘削が終了すると、地下構造物の構築に入る。地下構造物は鉄筋コンクリート造である。   Next, the flow from the construction of the underground structure to the removal of the earth anchor will be described. When the ground anchor is installed in the shape as shown in FIG. 1 and the excavation of the inside of the retaining wall is completed, the construction of the underground structure starts. The underground structure is reinforced concrete.

まず、地下構造物の柱や壁となる位置に図示しない鉄筋を組む。地下構造物の柱や壁は山留め壁に隣接して構築されるため、組まれる鉄筋は台座24、腹起し22や鋼管13の一部にかかることになる。   First, rebars (not shown) are assembled at positions that serve as columns and walls of the underground structure. Since the pillars and walls of the underground structure are constructed adjacent to the mountain retaining wall, the reinforcing bars to be assembled are applied to the base 24, the erection 22 and a part of the steel pipe 13.

鉄筋を組み終わったら、図示しない型枠を組んでコンクリートを打設する。コンクリートは図2に示すように、鋼管13の先端部および孔14を残して、背後の山留め壁21までの間を全て充填する。このとき、孔14からコンクリートが鋼管13内に入り込まないよう注意する。このコンクリートが硬化すると、アースアンカー1に代わりに土圧を受けて地盤を支えることのできる強固なコンクリート壁31となる。   When the rebars are assembled, concrete is placed using a formwork (not shown). As shown in FIG. 2, the concrete is completely filled up to the back retaining wall 21, leaving the tip of the steel pipe 13 and the hole 14. At this time, care is taken so that the concrete does not enter the steel pipe 13 from the hole 14. When this concrete hardens, instead of the earth anchor 1, it becomes a strong concrete wall 31 that can receive the earth pressure and support the ground.

コンクリート壁31が、土圧に十分耐えられるものであることが確認できたら、アースアンカー1の撤去作業に入る。孔14から見える引張材11の内、一本を切断する。前述したとおり、本実施例で用いるアースアンカー1は除去式のものであるため、切断しなかったもう一本の引張材11を孔14から手繰り寄せることで引き抜くことができる。この作業を繰り返すことでアースアンカー1の撤去が完了する。   When it is confirmed that the concrete wall 31 can sufficiently withstand the earth pressure, the earth anchor 1 is removed. One of the tensile members 11 visible from the hole 14 is cut. As described above, since the earth anchor 1 used in the present embodiment is a removal type, it can be pulled out by pulling another tensile material 11 that has not been cut out from the hole 14. By repeating this operation, removal of the earth anchor 1 is completed.

アースアンカー1の撤去後に残る鋼管13は不要となるので、先端部を切断して内部を埋め戻し、滑らかな壁面としてもよいし、地下構造物の内側方向に新たな壁を設けて埋めてしまってもよい。   Since the steel pipe 13 remaining after the earth anchor 1 is removed is not necessary, the tip portion may be cut back to fill the interior to provide a smooth wall surface, or a new wall may be provided inside the underground structure and buried. May be.

なお、以上の実施形態においては、あらかじめ鋼管の側面に孔を設けることとしたが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、コンクリートの打設後に孔を設けるようにしても良い。
また、アースアンカーの本数、打込み箇所、打込み角度、腹起しや台座の形状、使用の有無等も任意であり、その他、具体的な細部構造等についても適宜に変更可能であることは勿論である。
In the above embodiment, the holes are provided in advance in the side surface of the steel pipe. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the holes may be provided after the concrete is placed.
In addition, the number of earth anchors, the place to be driven, the driving angle, the shape of the abdomen and the base, the presence / absence of use, etc. are arbitrary, and other specific details such as the structure can be changed as appropriate. is there.

本発明を適用した一実施形態の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of one Embodiment to which this invention is applied. 地下構造物構築後で、撤去される前のアースアンカーを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the earth anchor before removing after an underground structure construction.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 アースアンカー
11 引張材
12 支圧板
13 鋼管(筒状部材)
14 孔
21 山留め壁
22 腹起し
23 ブラケット
24 台座
31 コンクリート壁
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Earth anchor 11 Tensile material 12 Bearing plate 13 Steel pipe (tubular member)
14 hole 21 retaining wall 22 flank 23 bracket 24 pedestal 31 concrete wall

Claims (5)

構造物の構築作業終了後に、引張材を引き抜いて撤去することが可能なアースアンカーであって、前記引張材を支持する支圧板と、山留め壁との間に、前記引張材を内部に挿通すると共に、前記支圧板からの荷重を支える筒状部材を備えることを特徴とするアースアンカー。   An earth anchor that can be pulled out and removed after the construction work of the structure is completed, and the tension material is inserted between a bearing plate that supports the tension material and a retaining wall. And an earth anchor comprising a cylindrical member for supporting a load from the bearing plate. 前記筒状部材の側面には孔が設けられることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアースアンカー。   The ground anchor according to claim 1, wherein a hole is provided in a side surface of the cylindrical member. 前記筒状部材は鋼管であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のアースアンカー。   The earth anchor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylindrical member is a steel pipe. 山留め壁付近の地下構造物構築時に用いられるアースアンカーの撤去方法であって、引張材を支持する支圧板と、山留め壁との間に、前記引張材を内部に挿通すると共に、前記支圧板からの荷重を支える筒状部材を備えるアースアンカーを設置し、前記筒状部材の先端部が露出するようにコンクリートを打設し、前記筒状部材の先端部に設けられる孔から、前記筒状部材内を通る前記引張材を切断して引き抜くことを特徴とするアースアンカーの撤去方法。   A method for removing an earth anchor used when constructing an underground structure near a retaining wall, wherein the tensile member is inserted between a bearing plate supporting the tensile member and the retaining wall, and from the bearing plate. An earth anchor having a cylindrical member that supports the load of the cylinder is installed, concrete is placed so that the tip of the cylindrical member is exposed, and from the hole provided in the tip of the cylindrical member, the cylindrical member A method for removing an earth anchor, wherein the tensile material passing through the inside is cut and pulled out. 前記アースアンカーの設置前に、前記筒状部材に前記孔を設けることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のアースアンカーの撤去方法。   The method for removing an earth anchor according to claim 4, wherein the hole is provided in the cylindrical member before the earth anchor is installed.
JP2008046212A 2008-02-27 2008-02-27 Earth anchor and its removal method Expired - Fee Related JP5016521B2 (en)

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JP2014181487A (en) * 2013-03-19 2014-09-29 Kajima Corp Earth retaining structure and earth retaining method
CN108755701A (en) * 2018-06-21 2018-11-06 腾达建设集团股份有限公司 The construction method of the support construction of deep basal pit

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JP5331262B1 (en) * 2013-06-13 2013-10-30 株式会社フジコーポレーション Yamadome wall structure

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JP2014181487A (en) * 2013-03-19 2014-09-29 Kajima Corp Earth retaining structure and earth retaining method
CN108755701A (en) * 2018-06-21 2018-11-06 腾达建设集团股份有限公司 The construction method of the support construction of deep basal pit

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