JP2009136054A - Brushless motor drive device for compressor of air conditioner - Google Patents

Brushless motor drive device for compressor of air conditioner Download PDF

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JP2009136054A
JP2009136054A JP2007308482A JP2007308482A JP2009136054A JP 2009136054 A JP2009136054 A JP 2009136054A JP 2007308482 A JP2007308482 A JP 2007308482A JP 2007308482 A JP2007308482 A JP 2007308482A JP 2009136054 A JP2009136054 A JP 2009136054A
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current
brushless motor
compressor
voltage
output
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JP5098599B2 (en
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Satoshi Kida
聡 木田
Naoyuki Yoshida
尚之 吉田
Yuji Tani
祐二 谷
Hiroshi Okui
博司 奥井
Toshinari Baba
俊成 馬場
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Panasonic Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an overcurrent protection stop function and a current control function for avoiding the demagnetization of a magnet when an overcurrent flows to a stator winding, while maximally securing a load range of a brushless motor. <P>SOLUTION: In the brushless motor drive device for a compressor of an air conditioner, the brushless motor drive device includes two kinds of currents which are a threshold current of the current control function for reducing a frequency of the brushless motor 3 when a motor phase current is not lower than a threshold on the basis of the motor phase current which is operated by a phase current operation part 5-1 on the basis of an output of a DC detection circuit 6, and a threshold current of the overcurrent protection stop function determined by a voltage comparison circuit 7 which is lower than a demagnetization current, according to an output of a compressor temperature sensor 4 from the compressor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータを対象した、ブラシレスモータの減磁作用を防止する駆動装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a brushless motor for a compressor of an air conditioner, and relates to a driving device that prevents a demagnetizing action of the brushless motor.

空気調和機の圧縮機用モータには、特に低コストが求められる場合にフェライト系磁石が採用されている。圧縮機用モータの負荷は一様でなく、冷凍サイクルに応じた周波数制御に加え、電源電圧変動などの外的要因により過大な負荷が生じる場合がある。このようなときには、モータ相電流（ステータ電流）に過大な電流が流れ、その過大電流によって発生する磁界により、ロータのフェライト磁石が減磁してしまうことがある。特にフェライト磁石は低温時において減磁が生じやすい特性を示し、常温時より低い電流値で減磁に至ってしまう。このため空気調和機の圧縮機駆動においては、冬季において減磁が生じやすい傾向となる。   Ferrite magnets are employed in compressor motors for air conditioners, particularly when low cost is required. The load of the compressor motor is not uniform, and in addition to frequency control according to the refrigeration cycle, an excessive load may occur due to external factors such as power supply voltage fluctuations. In such a case, an excessive current flows in the motor phase current (stator current), and the ferrite magnet of the rotor may be demagnetized by the magnetic field generated by the excessive current. In particular, ferrite magnets tend to be demagnetized at low temperatures, and demagnetize at lower current values than at normal temperatures. For this reason, in the compressor drive of an air conditioner, demagnetization tends to occur in winter.

その一方で空気調和機は、一般的に冷房時より暖房時の方が高い能力を要求されるため、暖房時の方が大きいモータ相電流が必要とされる。但し、電装品温度上昇の観点からは、冷房時より暖房時の方が許容されるモータ相電流の上限値は大きい。   On the other hand, an air conditioner is generally required to have a higher capacity during heating than during cooling, so that a larger motor phase current is required during heating. However, the upper limit value of the motor phase current that is allowed during heating is larger than that during cooling from the viewpoint of the temperature rise of the electrical component.

従来、暖房時に高い能力を発揮させるための手段としては、ステータに流れる電流の電流制限閾値を、減磁電流を超えない範囲で温度検出手段によって検出される雰囲気温度が低くなるほど、大きく設定するという手段が用いられていた（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, as a means for exerting a high capability during heating, the current limit threshold of the current flowing through the stator is set to be larger as the ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection means is lower within a range not exceeding the demagnetization current. Means have been used (for example, see Patent Document 1).

図３は特許文献１に記載された従来の空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置（ロータにはフェライト系磁石使用）を示すものである。また図４はモータ相電流の電流制限閾値の外気温度に対する特性を示すものである。図３において、７はブラシレスモータのステータに流れる電流を検出する電流センサであり、１８は室外機の雰囲気温度を検知する外気温度センサである。マイクロコンピュータから出力される各スイッチング素子へのゲート信号は、インバータ回路１６に入力され、ブラシレスモータの減磁電流を超えず、かつ電装品の温度過昇による熱破壊が発生しないように、電流センサが検知する電流値に対応して制限が設けられる。   FIG. 3 shows a conventional brushless motor driving device for a compressor of an air conditioner described in Patent Document 1 (using a ferrite magnet for the rotor). FIG. 4 shows the characteristics of the motor phase current with respect to the outside temperature of the current limit threshold. In FIG. 3, 7 is a current sensor that detects a current flowing through the stator of the brushless motor, and 18 is an outside air temperature sensor that detects the ambient temperature of the outdoor unit. A gate signal to each switching element output from the microcomputer is input to the inverter circuit 16 so as not to exceed the demagnetizing current of the brushless motor and to prevent thermal destruction due to overheating of the electrical components. A limit is provided corresponding to the current value detected by.

図４に示すとおり、高い暖房能力が必要でかつ電装品温度上昇による熱破壊に至るまでの温度マージンが大きい低温時ではモータ相電流の電流制限閾値は大きく設定され、外気温度が高くなるほど電流制限閾値は小さく設定される。
特開２００５−６１７３６号公報 As shown in FIG. 4, the current limit threshold of the motor phase current is set to be large at low temperatures when a high heating capacity is required and the temperature margin until the thermal breakdown due to the temperature rise of the electrical components is large. The threshold is set small.
JP 2005-61736 A

しかしながら、前記従来の構成では、低温になるほどブラシレスモータの減磁電流が小さくなるため、圧縮機運転時の外気温度が低くなるほど、減磁電流と電流制限閾値が近接してしまう。そのため、低温時における暖房最大能力は、減磁電流により厳しく制限されてしまう。   However, in the conventional configuration, the demagnetization current of the brushless motor decreases as the temperature decreases, and therefore, the demagnetization current and the current limit threshold become closer as the outside air temperature during compressor operation decreases. Therefore, the maximum heating capacity at low temperatures is severely limited by the demagnetizing current.

本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、ステータの電流値がブラシレスモータの減磁電流を超えることを防止しながら、かつブラシレスモータの回転性能を最大限に利用した暖房または冷房能力を確保するために、減磁電流の温度特性を考慮した保護機能を有
する駆動装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and has a heating or cooling capability that makes maximum use of the rotational performance of the brushless motor while preventing the stator current value from exceeding the demagnetizing current of the brushless motor. An object of the present invention is to provide a drive device having a protection function that takes into account the temperature characteristics of the demagnetizing current.

前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置は、２個のスイッチング素子を順方向に直列接続し、その相互接続点をインバータ出力端とするインバータアームを少なくとも３組備えた、空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータのステータ巻線に電流を供給するインバータ手段と、前記インバータ手段に流れるＤＣ母線電流を検出し電圧値に変換する電流検出手段と、前記ブラシレスモータを駆動するために、前記電流検出手段の出力信号に応じて前記ブラシレスモータへのモータ相電流を演算する相電流演算手段と、前記相電流演算手段の出力に応じ前記ブラシレスモータのロータの磁極位置を推定するロータ磁極位置推定手段と、前記インバータ手段の上アーム及び下アームのそれぞれ少なくとも１相を通電し、通電する相の少なくともいずれかはＰＷＭ通電することによりロータ回転数を調整する制御手段とを備える空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータの駆動装置において、前記ブラシレスモータが搭載される室外機圧縮機の外郭温度を検出する温度検出手段と、前記電流検出手段によって得られる電圧値と閾値電圧を入力端子に有し両者の電圧の大小に応じて２値の出力がなされる電圧比較手段と、前記電圧比較手段の出力に応じて前記駆動装置からのＰＷＭ信号を遮断し圧縮機を停止させる過電流保護手段と、前記相電流演算手段の出力に応じて前記駆動装置からのＰＷＭ信号パターンによって制御される圧縮機駆動周波数を下げてモータ相電流を抑制する電流制限手段を備えたものである。   In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a brushless motor driving device for a compressor of an air conditioner according to the present invention is an inverter in which two switching elements are connected in series in the forward direction and the interconnection point is an inverter output terminal. Inverter means for supplying current to a stator winding of a brushless motor for a compressor of an air conditioner having at least three arms, and current detecting means for detecting a DC bus current flowing in the inverter means and converting it into a voltage value In order to drive the brushless motor, phase current calculation means for calculating a motor phase current to the brushless motor according to an output signal of the current detection means, and output of the brushless motor according to an output of the phase current calculation means Rotor magnetic pole position estimating means for estimating the magnetic pole position of the rotor and a small number of upper and lower arms of the inverter means respectively. A brushless motor driving apparatus for a compressor of an air conditioner comprising: a control unit that adjusts the rotor rotational speed by energizing one phase and at least one of the energized phases is PWM energized. Temperature detecting means for detecting the outer temperature of the outdoor unit compressor, and the voltage value and threshold voltage obtained by the current detecting means are provided at the input terminal, and a binary output is made according to the magnitude of both voltages. A voltage comparison unit, an overcurrent protection unit that shuts off a PWM signal from the drive device in accordance with an output of the voltage comparison unit, and stops a compressor; and an output from the drive device in accordance with an output of the phase current calculation unit Current limiting means for suppressing the motor phase current by lowering the compressor driving frequency controlled by the PWM signal pattern is provided.

前記過電流保護手段および電流制限手段が動作する閾値電流は、前記温度検出手段によって検出される温度に対して可変させることにより、減磁電流が温度特性により変動してもステータ巻線へ流れる電流は減磁電流未満に抑制することができる。   The threshold current at which the overcurrent protection means and the current limiting means operate is varied with respect to the temperature detected by the temperature detection means, so that even if the demagnetization current varies depending on the temperature characteristics, the current that flows to the stator winding Can be suppressed to less than the demagnetizing current.

本発明のブラシレスモータ駆動装置は、電流値の遮断すべき値を圧縮機外郭温度をもとに減磁電流の温度特性に対応させることにより、一律の値にするよりも圧縮機の負荷範囲を広げる事が可能となる。特に低外気温時の暖房最大能力を向上させることが可能となる。   The brushless motor driving device of the present invention makes the load range of the compressor more uniform than by making the current value to be interrupted correspond to the temperature characteristics of the demagnetizing current based on the compressor outer temperature. It can be expanded. In particular, it becomes possible to improve the maximum heating capacity at low outside temperatures.

第１の発明は、２個のスイッチング素子を順方向に直列接続し、その相互接続点をインバータ出力端とするインバータアームを少なくとも３組備えた、空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータのステータ巻線に電流を供給するインバータ手段と、前記インバータ手段に流れるＤＣ母線電流を検出し電圧値に変換する電流検出手段と、前記ブラシレスモータを駆動するために、前記電流検出手段の出力信号に応じて前記ブラシレスモータへのモータ相電流を演算する相電流演算手段と、前記相電流演算手段の出力に応じ前記ブラシレスモータのロータの磁極位置を推定するロータ磁極位置推定手段と、前記インバータ手段の上アーム及び下アームのそれぞれ少なくとも１相を通電し、通電する相の少なくともいずれかはＰＷＭ通電することによりロータ回転数を調整する制御手段とを備える空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータの駆動装置において、前記ブラシレスモータが搭載される室外機圧縮機の外郭温度を検出する温度検出手段と、前記電流検出手段によって得られる電圧値と閾値電圧を入力端子に有し両者の電圧の大小に応じて２値の出力がなされる電圧比較手段と、前記電圧比較手段の出力に応じて前記駆動装置からのＰＷＭ信号を遮断し圧縮機を停止させる過電流保護手段と、前記相電流演算手段の出力に応じて前記駆動装置からのＰＷＭ信号パターンによって制御される圧縮機駆動周波数を下げてモータ相電流を抑制する電流制限手段を備え、前記過電流保護手段および電流制限手段が動作する閾値電流は、前記温度検出手段によって検出される温度が低いほど小さく設定される。   According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stator winding for a brushless motor for a compressor of an air conditioner, comprising at least three inverter arms each having two switching elements connected in series in the forward direction and having the interconnection point as an inverter output end. According to an output signal of the current detection means for driving the brushless motor, an inverter means for supplying a current to the line, a current detection means for detecting a DC bus current flowing through the inverter means and converting it into a voltage value Phase current calculation means for calculating the motor phase current to the brushless motor, rotor magnetic pole position estimation means for estimating the magnetic pole position of the rotor of the brushless motor according to the output of the phase current calculation means, and the upper arm of the inverter means And at least one of the lower arms is energized, and at least one of the energized phases is PWM energized. In a drive device for a brushless motor for a compressor of an air conditioner provided with a control means for adjusting a rotor rotational speed, temperature detecting means for detecting an outer temperature of an outdoor unit compressor on which the brushless motor is mounted, and the current detection A voltage comparison means having a voltage value obtained by the means and a threshold voltage at the input terminal and outputting a binary value in accordance with the magnitude of both voltages, and a PWM from the drive device in accordance with the output of the voltage comparison means Overcurrent protection means that shuts off the signal and stops the compressor, and suppresses the motor phase current by lowering the compressor drive frequency controlled by the PWM signal pattern from the drive device according to the output of the phase current calculation means A threshold current for operating the overcurrent protection unit and the current limiting unit is smaller as the temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit is lower. It is set.

これにより、ブラシレスモータの減磁電流の温度特性による変化に対してもステータ巻線へ流れる電流は減磁電流未満に抑制し、前記過電流保護手段および電流制限手段が動作する閾値電流を一律の値にするよりも圧縮機の負荷範囲を広げる事が可能となる。特に低外気温時の暖房最大能力を向上させることが可能となる。   As a result, even when the demagnetization current of the brushless motor changes due to temperature characteristics, the current flowing to the stator winding is suppressed to less than the demagnetization current, and the threshold current at which the overcurrent protection unit and the current limiting unit operate is uniformly set. The load range of the compressor can be expanded rather than the value. In particular, it becomes possible to improve the maximum heating capacity at low outside temperatures.

第２の発明は、前記温度検出手段を室外機熱交換器の吐出温度で代用することにより、圧縮機外郭温度センサが不要となり、センサ搭載に必要なコストを削減することが可能となる。   In the second invention, by replacing the temperature detecting means with the discharge temperature of the outdoor unit heat exchanger, the compressor outer temperature sensor is not required, and the cost required for mounting the sensor can be reduced.

第３の発明は、前記電圧比較手段の閾値電圧を、駆動装置の制御電源とからの抵抗分圧回路出力により得て、前記抵抗分圧回路の高圧側または低圧側の抵抗に対して少なくとも１つ以上並列にスイッチ素子と抵抗とを直列接続した部分を備え、雰囲気温度に応じて前記スイッチ素子の開閉し閾値電圧を変動させることにより、抵抗とスイッチ素子という単純な構成により、電流値の遮断すべき値を減磁電流の温度特性に対応させ、一律の値にするよりもブラシレスモータの負荷範囲を広げることが可能となる。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, the threshold voltage of the voltage comparing means is obtained from a resistance voltage divider circuit output from a control power supply of the driving device, and at least 1 is obtained for the resistance on the high voltage side or low voltage side of the resistance voltage divider circuit It is equipped with a part where two or more switch elements and resistors are connected in series in parallel, and the current value is cut off by a simple configuration of resistors and switch elements by opening and closing the switch elements and changing the threshold voltage according to the ambient temperature. It is possible to expand the load range of the brushless motor rather than making the value to be matched with the temperature characteristic of the demagnetizing current and making it a uniform value.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の実施の形態１における空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置の回路図を示すものである。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a brushless motor driving device for a compressor of an air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

図１においてＡＣ電源１はＡＣ‐ＤＣ変換回路２によって直流電圧に変換され、それぞれ駆動回路とＩＧＢＴ，逆並列ダイオードで構成された２個のスイッチングモジュールＵ〜Ｗ、Ｘ〜Ｚを順方向に直列接続し、その相互接続点をインバータ出力端とする３組のインバータアーム１４〜１６で構成されるインバータ回路１７に接続されている。３組のインバータアームは、空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ３のステータ巻線に電流を供給している。   In FIG. 1, an AC power source 1 is converted into a DC voltage by an AC-DC conversion circuit 2, and two switching modules U to W and X to Z each composed of a drive circuit, an IGBT, and an antiparallel diode are serially connected in a forward direction. It is connected to an inverter circuit 17 composed of three sets of inverter arms 14 to 16 having the interconnection point as an inverter output terminal. The three sets of inverter arms supply current to the stator windings of the brushless motor 3 for the compressor of the air conditioner.

直流電源と３組のインバータアームとの間には、ブラシレスモータのステータ巻線へ流れる電流を検出する電流検出回路６が備えられている。ブラシレスモータ３に用いられている磁石はフェライト磁石を使用していることにより低温減磁の特性を持ち減磁電流は−２０℃１５Ａ、２０℃にて２０Ａである。また室外ユニットには圧縮機の外郭温度を検知する圧縮機温度センサ４が備えられており、圧縮機温度センサ４の出力はマイクロコンピュータ５に入力される。マイクロコンピュータ５の内部にはインバータを駆動するゲート信号Ｇ１〜Ｇ６を制御するための駆動信号制御部５−１とＤＣ電流検出回路６の出力に基づきモータ相電流を演算する相電流演算部５−２が内蔵されている。   Between the DC power supply and the three sets of inverter arms, a current detection circuit 6 for detecting a current flowing through the stator winding of the brushless motor is provided. The magnet used for the brushless motor 3 has a low-temperature demagnetization characteristic due to the use of a ferrite magnet, and the demagnetization current is -20 ° C. at 15 A and 20 A at 20 ° C. The outdoor unit is provided with a compressor temperature sensor 4 for detecting the outer temperature of the compressor, and the output of the compressor temperature sensor 4 is input to the microcomputer 5. The microcomputer 5 includes a drive signal control unit 5-1 for controlling gate signals G1 to G6 for driving the inverter and a phase current calculation unit 5- for calculating the motor phase current based on the output of the DC current detection circuit 6. 2 is built-in.

マイクロコンピュータ５は、３組のインバータアーム１０〜１２に対してゲート信号Ｇ１〜Ｇ６を送信するために、各スイッチングモジュールＵ〜Ｚと通信線で接続されている。電流検出回路６の出力電圧は、電圧比較回路８の入力に接続されている。電圧比較回路８のもう一方の入力には、遮断電流閾値を設定するための分圧抵抗１０，１１，１２とスイッチ１３が接続されている。電圧比較回路の出力は、遮断電流閾値を超えたときにＨＩ出力されるようになっており、マイクロコンピュータ５からのＰＷＭ信号を遮断し、マイクロコンピュータ５へ過電流保護発生信号を送信するインバータ過電流制御部９の入力に接続されている。   The microcomputer 5 is connected to the switching modules U to Z through communication lines in order to transmit gate signals G1 to G6 to the three sets of inverter arms 10 to 12. The output voltage of the current detection circuit 6 is connected to the input of the voltage comparison circuit 8. The other input of the voltage comparison circuit 8 is connected to voltage dividing resistors 10, 11, 12 and a switch 13 for setting a cutoff current threshold. The output of the voltage comparison circuit is output as HI when the cut-off current threshold is exceeded. The PWM signal from the microcomputer 5 is cut off and an overcurrent protection generation signal is transmitted to the microcomputer 5. It is connected to the input of the current control unit 9.

以上のように構成された空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータについて、以下その動作、作用を説明する。   About the brushless motor for compressors of the air conditioner comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

マイクロコンピュータ５からスイッチングモジュールＵ〜Ｚへのゲート信号Ｇ１〜Ｇ６は、駆動信号制御部５−２によって制御され、前記インバータ回路の上アーム及び下アームの１相または２相を通電し、通電する上アームの相はＰＷＭ通電しパルスのデューティ比によりロータ回転数を調整している。一般に負荷が大きいほどステータ巻線の電流は上昇し、ブラシレスモータ２の磁石が減磁する減磁電流に対するマージンが減少していく。   Gate signals G1 to G6 from the microcomputer 5 to the switching modules U to Z are controlled by the drive signal control unit 5-2 to energize and energize one or two phases of the upper and lower arms of the inverter circuit. The upper arm phase is PWM energized and the rotor speed is adjusted by the duty ratio of the pulse. In general, as the load increases, the current of the stator winding increases, and the margin for the demagnetizing current that demagnetizes the magnet of the brushless motor 2 decreases.

ステータ巻線の電流値が減磁電流を超さないように、２種類の過電流保護機能を有している。１つ目の保護はモータを回転させながらもモータ相電流を閾値未満に制限する電流制限機能であり、ＤＣ電流検出回路６の出力に基づき相電流演算部５−１にて演算されるモータ相電流をもとに、モータ相電流が閾値以上ではブラシレスモータ３の周波数を下げることによって達成される。   Two types of overcurrent protection functions are provided so that the current value of the stator winding does not exceed the demagnetization current. The first protection is a current limiting function that limits the motor phase current below the threshold while rotating the motor. The motor phase calculated by the phase current calculation unit 5-1 based on the output of the DC current detection circuit 6 This is achieved by reducing the frequency of the brushless motor 3 based on the current when the motor phase current is equal to or greater than the threshold value.

もう１つの保護はモータ相電流が閾値以上になった場合にブラシレスモータを保護停止させる過電流保護機能であり、ＤＣ電流検出回路６の出力が接続される電圧比較回路７において閾値電圧以上で出力信号がＨＩ出力となり、インバータ過電流保護制御部９が動作することにより達成される。両者の保護閾値レベルは部品バラツキに対してお互いが重なり合うことが無く、過電流保護閾値＞電流制限閾値となるよう設定される。電流制限閾値と過電流保護閾値は、スイッチ１３およびマイクロコンピュータ５により圧縮機温度センサ出力の値に応じて２つの閾値が設定可能である。   Another protection is an overcurrent protection function that stops protection of the brushless motor when the motor phase current exceeds a threshold value. The voltage comparison circuit 7 to which the output of the DC current detection circuit 6 is connected outputs a voltage exceeding the threshold voltage. This is achieved when the signal becomes a HI output and the inverter overcurrent protection control unit 9 operates. Both protection threshold levels are set such that overcurrent protection thresholds> current limit thresholds do not overlap each other due to component variations. The current limit threshold and the overcurrent protection threshold can be set to two thresholds according to the value of the compressor temperature sensor output by the switch 13 and the microcomputer 5.

図２に圧縮機温度に対する減磁電流特性と電流制限及び過電流保護閾値の関係を示す。図２に示すとおり、圧縮機温度センサ４の出力に対しマイクロコンピュータ５は２５℃を境目に２５℃以上ではスイッチ１２をＯＦＦすることにより過電流保護閾値は１９Ａ、２５℃未満ではスイッチ１２をＯＮすることにより過電流保護閾値は１４Ａに設定されている。また、マイクロコンピュータ５内で設定される電流制限閾値は、２５℃以上では１６Ａ、２５℃未満ではスイッチ１２をＯＮすることにより電流制限閾値は１１Ａに設定されている。   FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the demagnetization current characteristic, the current limit, and the overcurrent protection threshold with respect to the compressor temperature. As shown in FIG. 2, the microcomputer 5 with respect to the output of the compressor temperature sensor 4 turns off the switch 12 at 25 ° C. or more at the boundary of 25 ° C., so that the overcurrent protection threshold is 19 A, and the switch 12 is turned on at less than 25 ° C. As a result, the overcurrent protection threshold is set to 14A. Further, the current limit threshold set in the microcomputer 5 is set to 16A at 25 ° C. or higher, and is set to 11A by turning on the switch 12 below 25 ° C.

外気温度−１０℃において空気調和機が運転を開始した場合、起動後３分間は圧縮機温度センサ４の出力は２５℃未満のため、電流制限閾値は１１Ａとなりモータ相電流の最大値は１１Ａ未満に制限されてしまうが、起動３分後以降は過電流保護閾値及び電流制限閾値がＨＩ側に移行するため、モータ電流の最大値は１６Ａまで上昇させることができる。これにより約４５％の入力電流アップを図ることができ、暖房能力の向上が達成できる。   When the air conditioner starts operation at an outside air temperature of −10 ° C., since the output of the compressor temperature sensor 4 is less than 25 ° C. for 3 minutes after startup, the current limit threshold is 11A and the maximum value of the motor phase current is less than 11A However, since the overcurrent protection threshold and the current limit threshold shift to the HI side after 3 minutes from the start-up, the maximum value of the motor current can be increased to 16A. As a result, the input current can be increased by about 45%, and the heating capacity can be improved.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、モータ相電流の遮断すべき値を減磁電流の温度特性に対応させることにより、一律の値にするよりもブラシレスモータの負荷範囲を広げることが可能となる   As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to widen the load range of the brushless motor by making the value to be interrupted of the motor phase current correspond to the temperature characteristic of the demagnetizing current rather than making it a uniform value. Become

以上のように、本発明にかかる圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置は、負荷範囲を最大限に生かしながら、減磁電流に対する保護を達成することが可能であり、空気調和機以外にも、燃料電池に代表される直流を電源とする電気自動車等におけるブラシレスモータの用途等にも適用できる。   As described above, the brushless motor driving device for a compressor according to the present invention can achieve protection against the demagnetizing current while making the most of the load range. In addition to the air conditioner, the fuel cell The present invention can also be applied to the use of a brushless motor in an electric vehicle or the like using a direct current as a representative power source.

、本発明の実施の形態１における空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置の回路図The circuit diagram of the brushless motor drive device for the compressor of the air conditioner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention 過電流保護及び相電流制限閾値が２段階の切替え閾値を持つ場合の圧縮機温度に対する圧縮機減磁電流、過電流保護及び相電流制限閾値の関係図Relationship diagram of compressor demagnetizing current, overcurrent protection and phase current limit threshold with respect to compressor temperature when overcurrent protection and phase current limit threshold have two-stage switching threshold 従来の空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置の回路図Circuit diagram of a conventional brushless motor drive for an air conditioner compressor 従来の空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置における外気温度に対する圧縮機減磁電流、過電流保護及び相電流制限閾値の関係図Relationship diagram of compressor demagnetizing current, overcurrent protection and phase current limit threshold with respect to outside air temperature in conventional brushless motor drive device for compressor of air conditioner

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ＡＣ電圧源
２ ＡＣ−ＤＣ変換回路
３ 圧縮機駆動用ブラシレスモータ
４ 圧縮機温度センサ
５ マイクロコンピュータ
５−１ 相電流演算部
５−２ 駆動信号制御部
６ ＤＣ電流検出回路
７ ＡＣ電流検出回路
８ 電圧比較回路
９ インバータ回路過電流制御部
１０ 電流遮断閾値設定用高圧側分圧抵抗
１１ 電流遮断閾値設定用低圧側分圧抵抗
１２ 低外気温時電流遮断閾値設定用分圧抵抗
１３ 低外気温時電流遮断閾値設定用スイッチ
１４、１５，１６ インバータアーム
１７ インバータ回路
１８ 外気温度センサ
Ｕ，Ｖ，Ｗ，Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚ スイッチングモジュール
Ｇ１，Ｇ２，Ｇ３，Ｇ４，Ｇ５，Ｇ６ ゲート信号 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 AC voltage source 2 AC-DC conversion circuit 3 Brushless motor for compressor drive 4 Compressor temperature sensor 5 Microcomputer 5-1 Phase current calculation part 5-2 Drive signal control part 6 DC current detection circuit 7 AC current detection circuit 8 Voltage comparison circuit 9 Inverter circuit overcurrent control section 10 High voltage side voltage dividing resistor for setting current interruption threshold 11 Low voltage side voltage dividing resistor for setting current interruption threshold 12 Voltage dividing resistance for setting current interruption threshold at low outside temperature 13 At low outside temperature Current interrupt threshold setting switch 14, 15, 16 Inverter arm 17 Inverter circuit 18 Outside air temperature sensor U, V, W, X, Y, Z Switching module G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6 Gate signal

Claims (3)

２個のスイッチング素子を順方向に直列接続し、その相互接続点をインバータ出力端とするインバータアームを少なくとも３組備えた、空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータのステータ巻線に電流を供給するインバータ手段と、前記インバータ手段に流れるＤＣ母線電流を検出し電圧値に変換する電流検出手段と、前記ブラシレスモータを駆動するために、前記電流検出手段の出力信号に応じて前記ブラシレスモータへのモータ相電流を演算する相電流演算手段と、前記相電流演算手段の出力に応じ前記ブラシレスモータのロータの磁極位置を推定するロータ磁極位置推定手段と、前記インバータ手段の上アーム及び下アームのそれぞれ少なくとも１相を通電し、通電する相の少なくともいずれかはＰＷＭ通電することによりロータ回転数を調整する制御手段とを備える空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータの駆動装置において、前記ブラシレスモータが搭載される室外機圧縮機の外郭温度を検出する温度検出手段と、前記電流検出手段によって得られる電圧値と閾値電圧を入力端子に入力し両者の電圧の大小に応じて２値の出力がなされる電圧比較手段と、前記電圧比較手段の出力に応じて前記駆動装置からのＰＷＭ信号を遮断し圧縮機を停止させる過電流保護手段と、前記相電流演算手段の出力に応じて前記駆動装置からのＰＷＭ信号パターンによって制御される圧縮機駆動周波数を下げてモータ相電流を抑制する電流制限手段を備え、前記過電流保護手段および電流制限手段が動作する閾値電流は、前記温度検出手段によって検出される温度に対して可変させることを特徴とする空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置。 Supplying current to the stator winding of a brushless motor for a compressor of an air conditioner having at least three sets of inverter arms in which two switching elements are connected in series in the forward direction and the interconnection point is an inverter output terminal Inverter means, current detection means for detecting a DC bus current flowing through the inverter means and converting it to a voltage value, and a motor to the brushless motor in response to an output signal of the current detection means for driving the brushless motor Phase current calculation means for calculating phase current, rotor magnetic pole position estimation means for estimating the magnetic pole position of the rotor of the brushless motor according to the output of the phase current calculation means, and at least each of the upper arm and lower arm of the inverter means One phase is energized, and at least one of the energized phases is PWM energized to rotate the rotor In a driving device for a brushless motor for a compressor of an air conditioner comprising a control means for adjusting, a temperature detecting means for detecting an outer temperature of an outdoor unit compressor on which the brushless motor is mounted, and obtained by the current detecting means A voltage comparison unit that inputs a voltage value and a threshold voltage to an input terminal and outputs a binary value according to the magnitude of both voltages, and a PWM signal from the drive device is cut off according to the output of the voltage comparison unit An overcurrent protection means for stopping the compressor, and a current limiting means for suppressing the motor phase current by lowering the compressor drive frequency controlled by the PWM signal pattern from the drive device according to the output of the phase current calculation means. And the threshold current at which the overcurrent protection means and the current limiting means operate is variable with respect to the temperature detected by the temperature detection means. Brushless motor driving apparatus for a compressor of an air conditioner to. 前記温度検出手段を室外機熱交換器の吐出温度センサで代用することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置。 The brushless motor driving device for a compressor of an air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detecting means is replaced with a discharge temperature sensor of an outdoor unit heat exchanger. 前記電圧比較手段の閾値電圧は、駆動装置の制御電源からの抵抗分圧回路の出力により得られ、前記抵抗分圧回路の高圧側または低圧側の抵抗に対して少なくとも１つ以上並列にスイッチ素子と抵抗とを直列接続した部分を備え、圧縮機外郭温度に応じて前記スイッチ素子を開閉し閾値電圧を変化させることにより前記過電流保護手段が動作する閾値電流を切り替えることを特徴とする請求項１または２のいずれか１項に記載の空気調和機の圧縮機用ブラシレスモータ駆動装置。 The threshold voltage of the voltage comparing means is obtained from the output of the resistance voltage dividing circuit from the control power supply of the driving device, and at least one switching element is connected in parallel to the high voltage side or low voltage side resistance of the resistance voltage dividing circuit. And switching a threshold current at which the overcurrent protection means operates by switching the switch element and changing a threshold voltage according to a compressor outer temperature. The brushless motor drive device for compressors of the air conditioner of any one of 1 or 2.
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