JP2009109059A

JP2009109059A - Air conditioner

Info

Publication number: JP2009109059A
Application number: JP2007280424A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kunio Muroi; 邦雄室井; Yuji Matsumoto; 勇司松本; Kaoru Matsushita; 馨松下
Original assignee: Toshiba Carrier Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Carrier Corp
Priority date: 2007-10-29
Filing date: 2007-10-29
Publication date: 2009-05-21

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioner comprising a plurality of heat source machines having high operational efficiency, and free from rupture caused by freeze punctuation of water heat exchangers and abnormal rise of pressure. <P>SOLUTION: In this air conditioner, a water passing amount of the heat source machine in operation is increased by reducing the water passing amount of the heat source machine in stop without changing the total flow rate of the water in the entire heat source machines, according to an operating state of the heat source machines on the basis of the operating condition information of the plurality of heat source machines respectively comprising the water heat exchangers and flow rate adjusting devices. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は空気調和装置に係り、特に水熱交換器により調温される調温水の通水量を調整可能にした熱源機を複数台備える空気調和装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an air conditioner, and more particularly to an air conditioner including a plurality of heat source units that can adjust the flow rate of temperature-controlled water adjusted by a water heat exchanger.

一般に大型の空気調和装置には熱源機が用いられ、この熱源機で冷却あるいは加熱される水を室内熱交換器に送り室内を空気調和する。 In general, a large-scale air conditioner uses a heat source unit, and water that is cooled or heated by the heat source unit is sent to an indoor heat exchanger to air condition the room.

熱源機は水熱交換器、圧縮機、四方弁、膨張弁、送風機、空気熱交換器で構成され、それぞれの構成機器は冷媒配管にて接続されており、冷凍サイクルを形成している。大型の空気調和装置は、このような熱源機を複数台設置して用いている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 The heat source device is composed of a water heat exchanger, a compressor, a four-way valve, an expansion valve, a blower, and an air heat exchanger, and each component device is connected by a refrigerant pipe to form a refrigeration cycle. A large air conditioner uses and installs a plurality of such heat source devices (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

一般に、負荷変動に対応させるため、複数の空調熱源機器の水回路を並列に配置し、負荷変動に合わせて、空調熱源機器の群制御を行なう方法が広く用いられている。 In general, in order to cope with load fluctuations, a method is widely used in which water circuits of a plurality of air conditioning heat source devices are arranged in parallel and group control of the air conditioning heat source devices is performed in accordance with the load fluctuations.

図４に示すように、従来の空気調和装置１００は、水熱交換器１０１ａ、１０１ａ、１０１ｂ、１０１ｂを有する熱源機１０２ａ、１０２ａ、１０２ｂ、１０２ｂを複数台例えば４台備え、その各々の水回路１０３ａ、１０３ａ、１０３ｂ、１０３ｂが並列に配置され、水回路１０３ａ、１０３ａ、１０３ｂ、１０３ｂが合流する水回路系１０４には循環ポンプ１０５が設けられる。 As shown in FIG. 4, a conventional air conditioner 100 includes a plurality of heat source units 102a, 102a, 102b, 102b having water heat exchangers 101a, 101a, 101b, 101b, for example, four units, each of which has a water circuit. 103a, 103a, 103b, 103b are arranged in parallel, and a circulation pump 105 is provided in the water circuit system 104 where the water circuits 103a, 103a, 103b, 103b merge.

ここで、熱源機１０２ａは運転中であり、熱源機１０２ｂは停止状態を示す。 Here, the heat source unit 102a is in operation, and the heat source unit 102b indicates a stopped state.

従来の空気調和装置の場合、運転中の熱源機１０２ａ、１０２ａには、停止している熱源機１０２ｂ、１０２ｂと同じ量の水が流れる。 In the case of a conventional air conditioner, the same amount of water flows through the operating heat source units 102a and 102a as the stopped heat source units 102b and 102b.

従って、例えば、入口水温が７．８３℃の場合、各熱源機１０２ａ、１０２ａ、１０２ｂ、１０２ｂから送られた水が合流した水回路系１０４（負荷側）の要求温度（例えば、７℃）にするためには、運転している熱源機１０２ａ、１０２ａは、負荷側の要求温度よりも低い温度（例えば、６．１７℃）になるように運転しなければならない。 Therefore, for example, when the inlet water temperature is 7.83 ° C., the required temperature (for example, 7 ° C.) of the water circuit system 104 (load side) into which the water sent from each of the heat source devices 102a, 102a, 102b, 102b merges is obtained. In order to do so, the operating heat source devices 102a, 102a must be operated to a temperature (for example, 6.17 ° C.) lower than the required temperature on the load side.

このため、熱源機１０２ａ、１０２ａは要求温度よりも低い温度で運転（冷却運転の場合）あるいは高い温度（加熱運転の場合）する必要があり、運転効率が悪くなるといった問題があった。 For this reason, the heat source units 102a and 102a need to be operated at a temperature lower than the required temperature (in the case of cooling operation) or higher (in the case of heating operation), resulting in a problem that the operation efficiency is deteriorated.

また、負荷側の要求温度が低い場合には、水熱交換器１０１の凍結パンクといった故障を招く恐れがあった。さらに、加熱運転時における運転圧力異常上昇を招く恐れがあった。
特開２００７−１６３０１７号公報 Further, when the required temperature on the load side is low, there is a risk of causing a failure such as freeze puncture of the water heat exchanger 101. Furthermore, there is a risk of an abnormal increase in operating pressure during heating operation.
JP 2007-163017 A

本発明は上述した事情を考慮してなされたもので、運転効率がよく、水熱交換器の凍結パンクによる破裂がなく、圧力異常上昇がない熱源機を複数台備える空気調和装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and provides an air conditioner including a plurality of heat source units that have high operating efficiency, do not rupture due to freezing puncture of a water heat exchanger, and do not cause abnormal pressure increase. With the goal.

上述した目的を達成するため、本発明に係る空気調和装置は、水を調温するための水熱交換器およびこの水熱交換器への通水量を調整する流量調整装置を備えた複数台の熱源機と、この熱源機の運転状態を検知する運転状態検知手段と、この運転状態検知手段が検知する運転状態情報に基づき前記流量調整装置を制御する制御装置とを備え、運転状態検知手段が検知する前記熱源機の運転状態に応じて、制御装置により、前記熱源機全体の水の合計流量を変えずに、停止中の前記熱源機の通水量を減少させ、運転中の前記熱源機の通水量を増加させることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-described object, an air conditioner according to the present invention includes a plurality of water heat exchangers for adjusting the temperature of water and a flow rate adjusting device for adjusting the amount of water flow to the water heat exchanger. A heat source unit, an operation state detection unit that detects an operation state of the heat source unit, and a control unit that controls the flow rate adjusting device based on the operation state information detected by the operation state detection unit. Depending on the operating state of the heat source unit to be detected, the control device reduces the water flow rate of the stopped heat source unit without changing the total water flow rate of the entire heat source unit, and It is characterized by increasing the water flow rate.

本発明に係る空気調和装置によれば、運転効率がよく、水熱交換器の凍結パンクによる破裂がなく、圧力異常上昇がない熱源機を複数台備える空気調和装置を提供することができる。 According to the air conditioner according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air conditioner including a plurality of heat source units that have high operating efficiency, do not rupture due to freezing puncture of the water heat exchanger, and do not cause abnormal pressure increase.

本発明の一実施形態に係る空気調和装置について図面を参照して説明する。 An air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る空気調和装置に用いる熱源機の冷凍サイクルであり、図２はその熱源機の概念図であり、図３は本発明の一実施形態に係る空気調和装置の概念図である。 FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle of a heat source unit used in an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the heat source unit, and FIG. 3 is an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram of an apparatus.

図１および図２に示すように、発明の一実施形態に係る空気調和装置に用いる熱源機１は、は水熱交換器２、圧縮機３、四方弁４、膨張弁５、送風機６、空気熱交換器７で構成され、それぞれの構成機器は冷媒配管にて接続されており、冷凍サイクルを形成する。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a heat source unit 1 used in an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the invention includes a water heat exchanger 2, a compressor 3, a four-way valve 4, an expansion valve 5, a blower 6, and air. It is comprised with the heat exchanger 7, and each component apparatus is connected by refrigerant | coolant piping and forms the refrigerating cycle.

熱源機１は、水熱交換器２を用いて温調された水を作り出し、水回路系により室内側へ送り出す。なお、本熱源機は、空冷式の熱源機のみならず、空気熱交換器７の代わりに、水熱交換器を装備した水冷式の熱源機でもよい。 The heat source unit 1 creates water whose temperature is adjusted by using the water heat exchanger 2 and sends the water to the indoor side by the water circuit system. In addition, this heat source machine may be not only an air-cooled heat source machine but also a water-cooled heat source machine equipped with a water heat exchanger instead of the air heat exchanger 7.

図３に示すように、空気調和装置１０は、複数台例えば４台の熱源機１ａ、１ａ、１ｂ、１ｂを備える。 As shown in FIG. 3, the air conditioning apparatus 10 includes a plurality of, for example, four heat source units 1a, 1a, 1b, and 1b.

ここで、熱源機１ａは運転中であり、熱源機１ｂは停止状態であることを示す。 Here, the heat source unit 1a is in operation, and the heat source unit 1b is in a stopped state.

各々の熱源機１ａ、１ａ、１ｂ、１ｂには水熱交換器２ａ、２ａ、２ｂ、２ｂおよび水熱交換器２ａ、２ａ、２ｂ、２ｂに供給する水量を制御する流量調整装置１１ａ、１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｂが設けられ、水熱交換器２ａ、２ａ、２ｂ、２ｂおよび水熱交換器２ａ、２ａ、２ｂ、２ｂは各々並列に設けられる水回路１２ａ、１２ａ、１２ｂ、１２ｂにより接続される。 Each heat source unit 1a, 1a, 1b, 1b includes flow rate adjusting devices 11a, 11a for controlling the amount of water supplied to the water heat exchangers 2a, 2a, 2b, 2b and the water heat exchangers 2a, 2a, 2b, 2b, 11b and 11b are provided, and the water heat exchangers 2a, 2a, 2b, and 2b and the water heat exchangers 2a, 2a, 2b, and 2b are respectively connected by water circuits 12a, 12a, 12b, and 12b provided in parallel.

水回路１２ａ、１２ａ、１２ｂ、１２ｂが合流する水回路系１３には循環ポンプ１４が設けられる。水回路系１３にはいずれも図示しない送風機を備えた室内熱交換器が接続される。 A circulation pump 14 is provided in the water circuit system 13 where the water circuits 12a, 12a, 12b, and 12b merge. An indoor heat exchanger having a blower (not shown) is connected to the water circuit system 13.

空気調和装置１０はそれぞれの熱源機１ａ、１ａ、１ｂ、１ｂを一括制御する制御装置１５を備える。 The air conditioner 10 includes a control device 15 that collectively controls the heat source devices 1a, 1a, 1b, and 1b.

この制御装置１５には、流量調整装置１１ａ、１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｂおよび循環ポンプ１４が接続され、さらに、運転状態を検知する運転状態検知手段としての各々の熱源機１ａ、１ａ、１ｂ、１ｂの圧縮機３に設けた電流計３ａが接続される。 The control device 15 is connected with flow rate adjusting devices 11a, 11a, 11b, 11b and a circulation pump 14, and each of the heat source devices 1a, 1a, 1b, 1b as an operation state detecting means for detecting the operation state. An ammeter 3a provided in the compressor 3 is connected.

流量調整装置の具体例としては、インバータポンプや流量調整弁が挙げられる。流量調整弁を用いると循環ポンプが必要となるが、インバータポンプを用いると循環ポンプを必要としない。 Specific examples of the flow rate adjusting device include an inverter pump and a flow rate adjusting valve. When a flow rate adjusting valve is used, a circulation pump is required, but when an inverter pump is used, a circulation pump is not required.

次に本実施形態に係る空気調和装置に用いる熱源機に流量調整制御について説明する。 Next, the flow rate adjustment control for the heat source unit used in the air conditioner according to the present embodiment will be described.

図３に示すように、冷却運転時、流量調整装置１１ａ、１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｂは、熱源機１ａ、１ａ、１ｂ、１ｂの運転状態を検知し、この運転状態に応じて、制御装置１５により、熱源機全体に供給される水の合計流量を変えずに、停止中の熱源機１ｂ、１ｂの水熱交換器２ｂ、２ｂの通水量を減少させ、運転中の熱源機の水熱交換器２ａ、２ａの通水量を増加させる。 As shown in FIG. 3, during the cooling operation, the flow rate adjusting devices 11a, 11a, 11b, and 11b detect the operation state of the heat source units 1a, 1a, 1b, and 1b, and the control device 15 determines the operation state according to the operation state. Without changing the total flow rate of water supplied to the entire heat source machine, the water flow rate of the water heat exchangers 2b and 2b of the stopped heat source machines 1b and 1b is decreased, and the water heat exchanger of the operating heat source machine is reduced. Increase the water flow of 2a, 2a.

流量調整装置１１ａ、１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｂによる流量調整は、水熱交換器に給水する循環ポンプ１４の性能曲線（流量−揚程曲線）を用い、制御装置１５に備えられるマイコンにより演算し判断することで行われる。例えば、性能曲線は各種性能値をグラフとして表現したもので、横軸に流量、縦軸に揚程を取ったものであり、予め試験により循環ポンプ１４の性能曲線を求めてＲＯＭに記憶し、水回路１２ａ、１２ａ、１２ｂ、１２ｂに流れる水量を検知して、予め求めた性能曲線から流量が調整される。 The flow rate adjustment by the flow rate adjustment devices 11a, 11a, 11b, and 11b is calculated and judged by a microcomputer provided in the control device 15 using the performance curve (flow rate-head curve) of the circulation pump 14 supplying water to the water heat exchanger. Done in For example, the performance curve is a graph representing various performance values, with the abscissa indicating the flow rate and the ordinate indicating the head. The performance curve of the circulation pump 14 is obtained in advance by a test and stored in the ROM. The amount of water flowing in the circuits 12a, 12a, 12b, and 12b is detected, and the flow rate is adjusted from the performance curve obtained in advance.

また、流量調整は、各熱源機の水回路に設けた流量計からの流量情報または水回路に設けた差圧計からの圧力情報を用いて判断することもできる。 The flow rate adjustment can also be determined using flow rate information from a flow meter provided in the water circuit of each heat source machine or pressure information from a differential pressure gauge provided in the water circuit.

具体的には、例えば、入口水温が７．８３℃のとき、停止している熱源機１ｂ、１ｂの流量を５０％にし、運転中の熱源機１ａ、１ａの流量を１５０％にすれば、各熱源機１ａ、１ａ、１ｂ、１ｂから送られた水が合流する水回路系１３が負荷側の要求温度（例えば、７℃）にするためには、運転している空調熱源機１ａ、１ａは、出口水温が６．７２℃になるように運転すればよい。 Specifically, for example, when the inlet water temperature is 7.83 ° C., the flow rate of the stopped heat source units 1b and 1b is 50%, and the flow rate of the operating heat source units 1a and 1a is 150%. In order for the water circuit system 13 into which the water sent from each heat source device 1a, 1a, 1b, 1b joins to the required temperature (for example, 7 ° C.) on the load side, the air conditioning heat source devices 1a, 1a that are operating May be operated so that the outlet water temperature is 6.72 ° C.

本実施形態の空気調和装置において、停止している熱源機１ｂ、１ｂの流量を減少し、運転している熱源機１ａ、１ａの流量を増加することができるため、運転している熱源機１ａ、１ａは極端に低い温度（冷却運転の場合）あるいは高い温度（加熱運転の場合）で運転する必要がなくなる。 In the air conditioning apparatus of the present embodiment, since the flow rate of the heat source units 1b and 1b that are stopped can be reduced and the flow rate of the operating heat source units 1a and 1a can be increased, the operating heat source unit 1a 1a does not need to be operated at an extremely low temperature (in the case of cooling operation) or at a high temperature (in the case of heating operation).

従って、運転効率の低下を防ぐことができ、また、冷却運転における水熱交換器の凍結パンク、加熱運転における運転圧力異常上昇のリスクを低減することができる。 Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a decrease in operating efficiency, and it is possible to reduce the risk of freeze puncture of the water heat exchanger in the cooling operation and an abnormal increase in operating pressure in the heating operation.

さらに、全体の合計流量を変えずに上述のような運転ができるため、システム全体として安定した運転を継続することができる。 Furthermore, since the above-described operation can be performed without changing the total flow rate of the entire system, stable operation can be continued as the entire system.

本発明の一実施形態に係る空気調和装置に用いる熱源機の冷凍サイクル図。The refrigerating cycle figure of the heat source machine used for the air conditioning apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る空気調和装置に用いる熱源機の概念図。The conceptual diagram of the heat source machine used for the air conditioning apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る空気調和装置に用いる熱源機の流量調整状態を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows the flow volume adjustment state of the heat-source equipment used for the air conditioning apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 従来の空気調和装置用いる熱源機の流量調整状態を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows the flow volume adjustment state of the heat source machine which uses the conventional air conditioning apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…熱源機、２…水熱交換器、３…圧縮機、４…四方弁、５…膨張弁、６…送風機、７…空気熱交換器、１０…空気調和装置、１１ａ、１１ｂ…流量調整装置、１２ａ、１２ｂ…水回路、１３…水回路系、１４…循環ポンプ、１５…制御装置。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heat source machine, 2 ... Water heat exchanger, 3 ... Compressor, 4 ... Four-way valve, 5 ... Expansion valve, 6 ... Blower, 7 ... Air heat exchanger, 10 ... Air conditioning apparatus, 11a, 11b ... Flow rate adjustment Device, 12a, 12b ... Water circuit, 13 ... Water circuit system, 14 ... Circulation pump, 15 ... Control device.

Claims

水を調温するための水熱交換器およびこの水熱交換器への通水量を調整する流量調整装置を備えた複数台の熱源機と、
この熱源機の運転状態を検知する運転状態検知手段と、
この運転状態検知手段が検知する運転状態情報に基づき前記流量調整装置を制御する制御装置とを備え、
運転状態検知手段が検知する前記熱源機の運転状態に応じて、前記制御装置により、前記熱源機全体の水の合計流量を変えずに、停止中の前記熱源機の通水量を減少させ、運転中の前記熱源機の通水量を増加させることを特徴とする空気調和装置。 A plurality of heat source units equipped with a water heat exchanger for adjusting the temperature of the water and a flow rate adjusting device for adjusting the amount of water flow to the water heat exchanger;
An operation state detection means for detecting the operation state of the heat source unit;
A control device for controlling the flow rate adjusting device based on the driving state information detected by the driving state detector;
According to the operating state of the heat source unit detected by the operating state detecting means, the control device reduces the water flow rate of the heat source unit that is stopped without changing the total water flow rate of the entire heat source unit, An air conditioner that increases the amount of water flow through the heat source unit.

前記流量調整装置による流量調整は、前記水熱交換器に給水するポンプの性能曲線を用いたマイコンによる判断あるいは、前記各熱源機に設けた流量計からの流量情報または、各熱源機に設けた差圧計からの圧力情報を用いて判断することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の空気調和装置。 The flow rate adjustment by the flow rate adjustment device is determined by a microcomputer using a performance curve of a pump for supplying water to the water heat exchanger, or flow rate information from a flow meter provided in each heat source device, or provided in each heat source device. The air conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the determination is made using pressure information from a differential pressure gauge.