JP2009065926A - Vertical hydroponics device, and method for growing root vegetable using the device - Google Patents
Vertical hydroponics device, and method for growing root vegetable using the device Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
Description
本発明は植物植付具として、特にペットボトルに代表される容器の再利用を図った縦型養液栽培装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a vertical hydroponic cultivation apparatus that aims to reuse a container typified by a PET bottle as a plant planting tool.
養液栽培は養液に含まれる栄養で植物を栽培する方法であり、培土は植物の根元を支える為わずかに用いるだけで本来培土を必要としない植物栽培方法である。
培土を用いずに特定の養液や水で野菜や花卉類を栽培する養液栽培は、作物の高効率生産や工場的大量生産化の方法として広く実施されている。このうち支持筒が鉛直方向に立設された縦型養液栽培装置は、多数支持筒を林立させ各支持筒の壁面に挿通固定した植物植付具に栽培植物を植え付ける事により土地を有効活用した立体的な栽培方法として実施されている。
（特許文献１ 参照）
Hydroponics is a method of cultivating plants with the nutrients contained in the nutrient solution, and cultivating soil is a plant cultivating method that uses only a small amount to support the root of the plant and does not originally require cultivating soil.
Hydroponic cultivation in which vegetables and florets are cultivated with a specific nutrient solution or water without using soil is widely implemented as a method for high-efficiency production of plants and mass production of plants. Of these, the vertical hydroponic cultivation device with support tubes upright in the vertical direction makes effective use of the land by planting cultivated plants in plant planting tools in which a large number of support tubes are erected and fixed to the walls of each support tube It has been implemented as a three-dimensional cultivation method.
(See Patent Document 1)
以下、第１の例について説明する。
養液は養液供給手段により養液タンクから支持筒上部に供給され、支持筒内を落下し養液回収管を経て養液タンクに戻る循環供給となっている。支持筒に取り付ける植物植付具には略Ｌ字形のプラスティック成形品が用いられ、支持筒の壁面に設けた穴に植物植付具が挿通固定されている。植物植付具は上面が開放されており、支持筒内に位置する部分で落下する養液を受け、支持筒外に位置する部分に栽培する植物を植え付ける構造となっている。
The first example will be described below.
The nutrient solution is supplied from the nutrient solution tank to the upper portion of the support cylinder by the nutrient solution supply means, falls in the support cylinder, and returns to the nutrient solution tank through the nutrient solution recovery pipe. A substantially L-shaped plastic molded product is used as a plant planting tool to be attached to the support cylinder, and the plant planting tool is inserted and fixed in a hole provided in the wall surface of the support cylinder. The plant planting tool has an open upper surface, receives a nutrient solution that falls at a portion located in the support tube, and has a structure for planting a plant to be cultivated in a portion located outside the support tube.
以上に述べた従来の縦型養液栽培装置では、支持筒内に落下する養液の一部が支持筒に設けた穴と植物植付具の隙間から支持筒外へ漏れ出してしまう欠点がある。養液は栄養を含んでいる為に漏れ出した養液に藻が発生し著しく外観を損ねてしまう。養液漏れを防止する為隙間を少なく設定すると、植物植付具の支持筒への着脱が困難となってしまう。 In the conventional vertical nutrient solution cultivating apparatus described above, there is a drawback that part of the nutrient solution falling into the support tube leaks out of the support tube from the hole provided in the support tube and the plant planting tool. is there. Since the nutrient solution contains nutrients, algae are generated in the leaked nutrient solution and the appearance is remarkably impaired. If the gap is set to be small in order to prevent the nutrient solution from leaking, it becomes difficult to attach and detach the plant planting tool from the support tube.
次に、第２の例について記載する。養液タンクから鉛直方向に支持筒が立設され、第１の例と同様に養液は間欠的に循環供給され、養液タンクの周囲に断熱材として容器に詰めた培土が配置されている。養液タンクに支持筒を立設した縦型養液栽培装置は個々の設置面積は比較的僅かである為、家庭用或いは学校教育用等とした小規模な植物栽培としても応用される。
（特許文献２ 参照）
Next, a second example will be described. A support cylinder is erected in the vertical direction from the nutrient solution tank, and the nutrient solution is intermittently circulated and supplied as a heat insulating material around the nutrient solution tank, as in the first example. . The vertical type hydroponic cultivation apparatus in which the support cylinder is erected in the nutrient solution tank has a relatively small installation area, so that it can be applied to small-scale plant cultivation for home use or school education.
(See Patent Document 2)
以下、第２の例について説明する。支持筒に取り付ける植物植付具は第１の例と同様に構成されており、支持筒からの養液漏れについて同じ欠点を有しているが、新たな試みとして養液栽培装置でのサツマイモの栽培が行われている。 Hereinafter, a second example will be described. The planting tool to be attached to the support tube is configured in the same manner as in the first example, and has the same disadvantages regarding leakage of nutrient solution from the support tube, but as a new trial of sweet potato in the nutrient solution cultivation device Cultivation is carried out.
養液栽培は培土を必要としない栽培方法である為、従来より地下部分に養分を蓄える大根、人参、サツマイモ等根菜類の栽培には適さないとされてきた。第2の例においてサツマイモの栽培が試みられているが養液栽培装置本体での根菜類の栽培ではなく、縦型養液栽培装置とは別の容器に入った培土の中で芋を形成させている。 Since hydroponics is a cultivation method that does not require cultivating soil, it has been conventionally considered unsuitable for cultivation of root vegetables such as radish, carrots, and sweet potatoes that store nutrients in the underground part. In the second example, sweet potato cultivation has been tried, but root crops are not grown in the main body of the hydroponic cultivation device, and the straw is formed in the soil in a separate container from the vertical hydroponic cultivation device. ing.
次に第３の例について説明する。昨今の環境問題や資源の有効利用の観点から大量に廃棄されているペットボトルの再利用の必要性が叫ばれ、ペットボトルを上下に分割し植物を栽培する第1段の育成と、さらに第1段の育成を終了した植物を縦型養液栽培装置に移して第2段の育成が実施されている。
（特許文献3 参照）
Next, a third example will be described. From the viewpoint of recent environmental problems and effective use of resources, the need for reusing large quantities of plastic bottles has been screamed. Plants that have completed the first stage of cultivation are transferred to a vertical hydroponic cultivation apparatus, and the second stage of cultivation is carried out.
(See Patent Document 3)
以下、第３の例について説明する。第1段の育成はペットボトルを上下に2分割し、ペットボトル上部を反転させペットボトル下部に嵌挿し、上部を鉢部、下部を水容器部とする。ペットボトルの注ぎ口である開口を介して鉢部と水容器部との間に吸水布が介在配置され、吸水布の毛細管現象を利用して水容器部の養液を鉢部に供給して植物の育成が行われている。 Hereinafter, a third example will be described. In the first stage, the PET bottle is divided into two parts, and the upper part of the PET bottle is inverted and inserted into the lower part of the PET bottle. The upper part is the bowl part and the lower part is the water container part. A water-absorbing cloth is interposed between the pot part and the water container part through the opening that is the spout of the PET bottle, and the nutrient solution in the water container part is supplied to the pot part using the capillary phenomenon of the water-absorbing cloth. Plants are being bred.
次に第2段の育成は縦型養液栽培装置において鉛直方向に立設された支持筒に挿通配置された植物植付具に第1段の育成の終了した鉢部を設置する事により、或いは栽培植物を鉢部から抜き去って直接植設する事により行われている。 Next, the second stage of growth is by installing the pot part that has been grown in the first stage on the plant planting tool inserted and arranged in a support cylinder that is erected in the vertical direction in the vertical hydroponic cultivation device, Alternatively, it is carried out by removing the cultivated plant from the pot and planting it directly.
以上に述べた第1段の育成において、水の毛細管現象により鉢部と水容器部の間に介在配置される吸水布により養液の染み上がる可能な高さは約10ｃｍ程である。その為鉢部は全高10ｃｍ程度に構成されている。 In the first stage growth described above, the height at which the nutrient solution can soak up by the water-absorbing cloth interposed between the pot portion and the water container portion due to the capillary action of water is about 10 cm. Therefore, the bowl part is composed of a total height of about 10 cm.
支持筒からの養液漏れは第１、第２の例と同様に同じ欠点を有しており、鉢部の全高は10ｃｍ程度に低く構成されている為、鉢部に充填される培土の量が少なく大根、人参等根菜類の栽培には適していない。
The nutrient solution leakage from the support cylinder has the same disadvantages as in the first and second examples, and the total height of the pot is about 10 cm low, so the amount of soil filled in the pot Therefore, it is not suitable for cultivation of root vegetables such as radish and carrot.
本発明は、この様な従来の構成が有していた問題を解決しようとするものであり、支持
筒からの養液漏れを防止する事を目的としている。
また、養液栽培は培土をほとんど使用しない栽培方法である為、従来より大根、人参等根菜類の栽培には適さないとされてきた。しかし、家庭や学校を対象とした縦型養液栽培装置においては花や葉菜類と共に大根、人参等根菜類の栽培も求められている。
The present invention is intended to solve the problems of such a conventional configuration, and an object thereof is to prevent a nutrient solution from leaking from a support tube.
Further, since hydroponics is a cultivation method that uses little soil, it has been conventionally considered unsuitable for cultivation of root vegetables such as radishes and carrots. However, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation apparatus for households and schools, cultivation of root vegetables such as radishes and carrots is also required along with flowers and leaf vegetables.
本発明は縦型養液栽培装置において、支持筒からの養液漏れの防止と根菜類の養液栽培
という２つの課題をペットボトルに代表される容器の再利用により解決する事を目的とす
るものである。
An object of the present invention is to solve two problems of prevention of nutrient solution leakage from a support tube and nutrient solution cultivation of root vegetables by reusing containers represented by PET bottles in a vertical nutrient solution cultivation apparatus. Is.
第1の発明は、上記目的を達成する為養液タンクと鉛直方向に立設された支持筒と、支
持筒に着脱可能に取り付ける植物植付具と、養液タンク内の養液を支持筒上部より支持筒
内に落下させるための養液供給手段を有する縦型養液栽培装置において、注ぎ口にキャッ
プが嵌装できるオネジを有する容器を注ぎ口側が下に、注ぎ口と対向する側が上に位置す
る様、支持筒に斜めにネジ止めする為にメネジを有する穴を支持筒に複数設け物である。
In order to achieve the above object, the first invention includes a nutrient solution tank, a support tube installed in a vertical direction, a plant planting tool that is detachably attached to the support tube, and a support tube for supplying nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank. In a vertical type hydroponic cultivation apparatus having a nutrient solution supply means for dropping into the support cylinder from above, a container having a male screw that can be fitted with a cap on the pour spout is on the bottom, and the side facing the pour spout is on the top A plurality of holes having internal threads are provided in the support cylinder so as to be screwed diagonally to the support cylinder.
また、第2の発明は注ぎ口にキャップが嵌装できるオネジを有する容器において、注ぎ口に対向する側に穴を設け、これを植物植付具として構成し、この植物植付具において注ぎ口側に吸水材を配置し、培土を充填した後に注ぎ口を下方にこれと対向する側を上方に向けてほぼ鉛直方向に位置させ、栽培植物である根菜類を植え付け、根菜類の直根が注ぎ口付近に達した時点で支持筒に斜めに固定し、その後上記根菜類を育成する事を特長とする請求項１記載の縦型養液栽培装置を用いた根菜類育成方法である。
Further, the second invention is a container having a male screw in which a cap can be fitted to the spout, and a hole is provided on the side facing the spout, which is configured as a plant planting tool. Place the water absorbing material on the side, fill the cultivation soil, position the pouring spout downward and the side facing it upward in the vertical direction, plant the root vegetables that are cultivated plants, the root roots of the
上記課題解決手段による作用は次の通りである。支持筒にはメネジを有する穴が複数設けられており、ペットボトルに代表される容器は底部が切り除かれ植物栽培具として構成されている。この植物植付具は注ぎ口側を下にして支持筒に斜めにネジ止めされる為、支持筒内を落下する養液が外へ漏れ出す事を防止する事ができる。 The effect | action by the said problem-solving means is as follows. A plurality of holes having internal threads are provided in the support cylinder, and a container represented by a plastic bottle is cut off at the bottom to constitute a plant cultivation tool. Since this plant planting tool is screwed diagonally to the support tube with the spout side down, it is possible to prevent the nutrient solution falling inside the support tube from leaking out.
また、ペットボトルに代表される容器は細長い形状の物が多く、細長い形状の容器底部を切り除く事により、大根、人参等根菜類に適した植物栽培具となり、前記植物植付具が斜めに支持筒へネジ止めされる為、前記植物植付具に充填された培土に対して養液は毛細管現象により速やかに供給されると共に余分な養液は速やかに支持筒内に排出され、根腐れといった障害が起こらない。 In addition, many containers represented by PET bottles have a long and narrow shape. By removing the bottom of the long and narrow container, a plant growing tool suitable for root vegetables such as radishes and carrots is obtained. Since it is screwed to the support tube, the nutrient solution is quickly supplied to the soil filled in the plant planting tool by capillary action, and the excess nutrient solution is quickly discharged into the support tube to cause root decay. Such a failure does not occur.
本発明実施の装置では基部に養液タンクが設けられている。この養液タンクには円筒形の支持筒が鉛直方向に立設され、支持筒上部には養液受が設けられている。養液タンク内には水中ポンプが配置され、養液受まで支持筒内には揚水ホースが配置され、養液受から養液が支持筒内壁を伝わって落下し養液タンクへ戻る様構成されている。
支持筒の壁面にはペットボトルに代表される容器の注ぎ口のオネジと同ピッチのメネジを有する穴が設けられ、ペットボトルに代表される容器再利用植物植付具をネジ止めする際、注ぎ口側を下にして斜めに固定される様構成されていると共に、この植物植付具の内部には吸水材として短冊状に切断した吸水布が二つ折りの状態で配置され、折り曲げた箇所が注ぎ口より少しはみ出した状態となっている。
In the apparatus of the present invention, a nutrient solution tank is provided at the base. In this nutrient solution tank, a cylindrical support tube is erected in the vertical direction, and a nutrient solution receiver is provided on the upper portion of the support tube. A submersible pump is arranged in the nutrient solution tank, a pumping hose is arranged in the support cylinder until receiving the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution falls from the nutrient solution receiver along the inner wall of the support cylinder and returns to the nutrient solution tank. ing.
A hole having a female screw of the same pitch as the male spout of a container represented by a plastic bottle is provided on the wall surface of the support cylinder. When a container reuse plant planting tool represented by a plastic bottle is screwed, the hole is poured. It is configured to be fixed diagonally with the mouth side down, and inside this plant planting tool, a water absorbent cloth cut into a strip shape as a water absorbent is arranged in a folded state, and the bent part is It is in a state of protruding slightly from the spout.
以下、本発明の実施例を図１〜図４に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
図１において養液タンク１に満たされた養液Ｗは、養液タンク１に立設された支持筒２の上部に設けられた養液受３に水中ポンプ４と揚水ホース５により供給され、養液受３に設けられた***３ａより支持筒２の内壁面を伝って落下し養液タンク１に戻る。また、図示の構成では水中ポンプ４の電源側にはタイマー９が接続され、自動給水が可能に構成されている。
In FIG. 1, the nutrient solution W filled in the
支持筒２の壁面には、ペットボトルに代表される容器の注ぎ口のオネジと同ピッチのメネジを有するネジ付ソケット２ａが斜めに接着固定され、ネジ付ソケット２ａにペットボトルに代表される容器を再利用した植物植付具をネジ止めする際に前記植付具が注ぎ口側を下にして斜めに固定される様構成されている。
On the wall surface of the
図２において６は容量500ml、高さ約25cm、太さ約６cmのペットボトルに代表される容器の底部を切り除き植物植付具として構成した物であり、これを鉛直方向に立設された支持筒２に取り付けた状態を示している。
In FIG. 2,
αは植物植付具６の中心軸Mと水平線Lとの角度を示し、hは注ぎ口６bの先端から栽培植物の植え付け位置Kまでの高さを示し、hは水の毛細管現象により培土に水が染み上がる高さ約10cmとほぼ一致し、αは約25度となっている。
α indicates the angle between the central axis M of the
図３において植物植付具６は約25度の角度で斜めにメネジを有するネジ付ソケット２ａに固定されており、植物植付具６の中には吸水材７として短冊状に切断した吸水布が二つ折りの状態で折り曲げた箇所が注ぎ口６ｂより少しはみ出した状態で配置されており、培土８が支持筒２の内部に入る事を防止すると共に、養液受け３に設けられた***３aより矢印の様に支持筒２の内壁面を伝わって落下する養液を吸収し、培土８に供給する役目を果たしている。
In FIG. 3, the
植物の根は地球の重力により水平方向より下方に向かって伸びる性質を有している。植物植付具６は斜めに取り付けられている為に栽培植物Pの根は肩部６aの所で伸張が妨げられる事はなく、支持筒２の中へ伸張する事ができ、支持筒２の内壁面を伝って落下する養液を直接吸収する事が可能となり、栽培植物Pはさらに大きく育つ。
Plant roots have the property of extending downward from the horizontal direction due to the gravity of the earth. Since the
図４は根菜類である栽培植物Pの生育初期段階であり、播種後約20日の状態を示している。植物植付具６には吸水材７として短冊状に切断した吸水布が二つ折りの状態で折り曲げた箇所が注ぎ口６ｂより少しはみ出した状態で配置され培土8が充填されている。植物植付具６は注ぎ口６bを下にして鉛直方向に配置されており、栽培植物Pの直根Paは地球の重力により下に向かって真っ直ぐに伸びている。
FIG. 4 shows the initial growth stage of the cultivated plant P, which is a root vegetable, and shows a state of about 20 days after sowing. The
直根Paが注ぎ口付近に達する状態まで育てば縦型装置の支持筒２に斜めに取り付けてもその後、直根Paは曲がる事無く支持筒２の内壁を伝わって落下する養液を栽培植物Ｐは充分に吸収して、約1~2ヶ月後には真っ直ぐに育った根菜類を収穫する事ができる。
If it grows up to the state where the straight root Pa reaches the vicinity of the spout, even if it is attached to the
以上の様に本実施例によれば支持筒からの養液漏れの防止が可能となると共に、ペットボトルに代表される容器を植物植付具として再利用する事により、人参、大根等根菜類の養液栽培が可能となり、昨今の環境問題や資源の有効利用といった観点からも大量に廃棄されているペットボトルの再利用にも繋がる。
As described above, according to the present embodiment, it becomes possible to prevent the nutrient solution from leaking from the support tube, and by reusing a container represented by a plastic bottle as a plant planting tool, root vegetables such as carrots and radishes. From the viewpoints of environmental problems and effective use of resources, it is possible to recycle PET bottles that have been disposed of in large quantities.
1 養液タンク
2 支持筒
2a ネジ付ソケット
3 養液受
3a ***
4 水中ポンプ
5 揚水ホース
6 植物植付具
6a 肩部
6b 注ぎ口
7 吸水材
8 培土
9 タイマー
W 養液
α 角度
M 中心軸
L 水平線
h 高さ
P 栽培植物
Pa 直根
1 Nutrient tank
2 Support tube
2a Threaded socket
3 Nourishment
3a small hole
4 Submersible pump
5 Pumping hose
6 Planting tools
6a shoulder
6b spout
7 Water-absorbing material
8 cultivation
9 Timer
W nutrient solution α angle
M Center axis
L horizontal line
h height
P Cultivated plant
Pa Naone
Claims (2)
A support tube standing vertically with the nutrient solution tank, a plant planting tool that is detachably attached to the support tube, and a nutrient solution for dropping the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank from the top of the support tube into the support tube In a vertical hydroponic cultivation apparatus having a supply means, a container having a male screw that can be fitted with a cap into the spout is screwed diagonally to the support cylinder so that the spout side is on the bottom and the side facing the spout is on the top A vertical hydroponic cultivation device characterized in that a plurality of holes with internal threads are provided in the support cylinder to achieve this.
In a container having a male screw that can be fitted with a cap at the spout, a hole is provided on the side facing the spout, which is configured as a plant planting tool, and a water-absorbing material is disposed on the spout side in this plant planting tool. After filling the culture soil, the pouring spout is positioned downward and the opposite side is facing upward, and the root vegetables that are cultivated plants are planted, and the roots of the root vegetables reach the vicinity of the pouring spout. The root vegetables growing method using the vertical nutrient solution cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the root vegetables are obliquely fixed to the support tube at the time and then the root vegetables are grown.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007239336A JP4947424B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2007-09-14 | Root vegetable growing method using vertical hydroponic equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007239336A JP4947424B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2007-09-14 | Root vegetable growing method using vertical hydroponic equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2009065926A true JP2009065926A (en) | 2009-04-02 |
| JP4947424B2 JP4947424B2 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007239336A Expired - Fee Related JP4947424B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2007-09-14 | Root vegetable growing method using vertical hydroponic equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4947424B2 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011145619A1 (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2011-11-24 | Yano Nobuo | Vertical cultivation device |
| KR101369732B1 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-03-06 | 김영삼 | Room type hydroponics growing equipment |
| KR101384684B1 (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2014-04-14 | 김영삼 | Room type hydroponics growing equipment |
| JP2014217349A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-20 | 株式会社アイ・エム・エー | Vertical plant cultivation device |
| CN105475109A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-13 | 山东菜鸟生物科技有限公司 | Home vegetable planter |
| CN107409826A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-12-01 | 邓爱娜 | A kind of waste plastic bottle automatic-watering three-dimensional planting wall |
| CN107494028A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 邓爱娜 | A kind of waste plastic bottle A fonts automatic-watering multidecker cultivating device |
| CN111448913A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-28 | 中铁五局集团贵州工程有限公司 | Grass planting device for repairing vegetation bald spots and using method thereof |
| CN113575398A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-02 | 资阳市尤特薯品开发有限公司 | Water culture seedling raising method for sweet potatoes |
| US11672215B2 (en) | 2020-01-12 | 2023-06-13 | Sentient Design, Inc. | Aeroponic plant growing system |
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| CN107079801B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2019-11-26 | 宁波大龙农业科技有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional vegetable aerial fog planting equipment |
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| CN113575398A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-02 | 资阳市尤特薯品开发有限公司 | Water culture seedling raising method for sweet potatoes |
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