JP2008298270A - Fixed type constant velocity universal joint - Google Patents

Fixed type constant velocity universal joint Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2008298270A
JP2008298270A JP2007148343A JP2007148343A JP2008298270A JP 2008298270 A JP2008298270 A JP 2008298270A JP 2007148343 A JP2007148343 A JP 2007148343A JP 2007148343 A JP2007148343 A JP 2007148343A JP 2008298270 A JP2008298270 A JP 2008298270A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
outer ring
constant velocity
velocity universal
universal joint
peripheral surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2007148343A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP5398965B2 (en
Inventor
Tomoshige Kobayashi
智茂 小林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN Corp
Original Assignee
NTN Corp
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NTN Corp, NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd filed Critical NTN Corp
Priority to JP2007148343A priority Critical patent/JP5398965B2/en
Priority to US12/602,197 priority patent/US8172962B2/en
Priority to CN2008800184898A priority patent/CN101680490B/en
Priority to EP08776984.0A priority patent/EP2154389B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2008/059922 priority patent/WO2008149775A1/en
Publication of JP2008298270A publication Critical patent/JP2008298270A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP5398965B2 publication Critical patent/JP5398965B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To give the strength of more than the same as that a cold forging article to an outer ring of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint manufactured by hot forging and cutting without changing its shape. <P>SOLUTION: This fixed type constant velocity universal joint has: an outer ring 10 forming ball grooves 16 extending in the axial direction on a spherical inner peripheral surface 14 with constant intervals in the circumferential direction; an inner ring 20 forming ball grooves 26 extending in the axial direction on a spherical outer peripheral surface 24 with constant intervals in the circumferential direction; balls 30 interposed between the ball grooves 16 of the outer ring and the ball grooves 26 of the inner ring making pairs; and a cage 40 forming pockets 46 to store the balls 30 with prescribed intervals in the circumferential direction. The outer ring 10 is manufactured by cold forging or cutting and is subjected to a refining process. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は固定式等速自在継手に関するもので、自動車や各種産業機械の動力伝達装置に利用することができる。   The present invention relates to a fixed type constant velocity universal joint, and can be used for a power transmission device of an automobile or various industrial machines.

しゅう動式等速自在継手が角度変位だけでなく軸方向変位（プランジング）も可能であるのに対して、固定式等速自在継手は角度変位のみ可能で、たとえば自動車のドライブシャフトの車輪側（アウトボード側）に使用される。   A sliding type constant velocity universal joint can be displaced not only in an angular displacement but also in an axial direction (plunging), whereas a fixed type constant velocity universal joint can only be angularly displaced, for example, on the wheel side of a drive shaft of an automobile. Used for (outboard side).

固定式等速自在継手の軽量・コンパクト化は自動車の燃費や駆動系レイアウトの自由度の向上に寄与する。したがって、固定式等速自在継手は、必要とされる性能を満たして、できるかぎり小さくすることが望ましい。図２〜図４に示すように、固定式等速自在継手の主要な構成要素は外輪１０と内輪２０とボール３０とケージ４０であるが、継手全体の軽量・コンパクト化のために、各構成要素の小型・軽量化が提案されている（たとえば特許文献１、特許文献２参照）。図２の固定式等速自在継手に対して軽量・コンパクト化した固定式等速自在継手を図３に示す。
特許第３４６０１０７号公報 特開平９−３１７７８４号公報 The lighter and more compact fixed type constant velocity universal joint contributes to improving the fuel efficiency of automobiles and the flexibility of drivetrain layout. Therefore, it is desirable that the fixed type constant velocity universal joint satisfies the required performance and is made as small as possible. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the main components of the fixed type constant velocity universal joint are an outer ring 10, an inner ring 20, a ball 30, and a cage 40. Element size and weight reduction have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). FIG. 3 shows a fixed type constant velocity universal joint that is lighter and more compact than the fixed type constant velocity universal joint of FIG.
Japanese Patent No. 3460107 JP-A-9-317784

従来、固定式等速自在継手の外輪はコストの面から冷間鍛造により製造するのが一般的である。そして、外輪の材料としては、鍛造の容易性、切削性、熱処理、経済性、強度等々の面から、機械構造用の中炭素鋼が採用されることが多い。
一方、自動車のドライブシャフトに用いる固定式等速自在継手の場合、車種によって外輪の形状が異なり、また、その生産数によっては、冷間鍛造のコスト（金型代や鍛造設備費）を考慮すると、数種類の外輪形状を共用できる熱間鍛造により製造する場合や、丸棒鋼などのバー材から旋削により削り出して製造することもある。 Conventionally, the outer ring of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint is generally manufactured by cold forging from the viewpoint of cost. As a material for the outer ring, medium carbon steel for machine structure is often adopted from the viewpoint of ease of forging, machinability, heat treatment, economy, strength, and the like.
On the other hand, in the case of fixed type constant velocity universal joints used in automobile drive shafts, the shape of the outer ring varies depending on the vehicle model. Depending on the number of products produced, the cost of cold forging (die cost and forging equipment costs) is taken into account. In some cases, it is manufactured by hot forging, which can share several types of outer ring shapes, or by turning from a bar material such as round steel bar by turning.

固定式等速自在継手の軽量・コンパクト化に伴い、外輪も薄肉となっている。そのため、外輪自体の機械的強度が素材である中炭素鋼の疲労限に近付きつつあり、一層のコンパクト化・軽量化を図ることは困難になってきている。
このようなコンパクト化された固定式等速自在継手の外輪に熱間鍛造品や旋削品を使用して、固定式等速自在継手の強度評価を行うと、冷間鍛造品を使用した場合に比べて若干弱くなる傾向にある。その理由は次のように考えられる。すなわち、冷間鍛造品は、冷間加工の効果で組織が微細化し、加工硬化により素材の硬度が高まり、さらにメタルフローの切断がない。そのため、外輪素材の引っ張り強度が改善され、熱間鍛造品や棒鋼からの旋削品よりも高強度となる。 As the fixed constant velocity universal joint becomes lighter and more compact, the outer ring is also thinner. For this reason, the mechanical strength of the outer ring itself is approaching the fatigue limit of medium carbon steel, which is a material, and it has become difficult to further reduce the size and weight.
When the strength of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint is evaluated by using a hot forged product or turning product on the outer ring of such a compact fixed type constant velocity universal joint, a cold forged product is used. It tends to be slightly weaker than that. The reason is considered as follows. That is, the cold forged product has a fine structure due to the effect of cold working, the hardness of the material is increased by work hardening, and there is no metal flow cutting. Therefore, the tensile strength of the outer ring material is improved, and the strength is higher than that of a hot forged product or a turned product from a steel bar.

また、固定式等速自在継手は作動角をとった状態でトルクが入力されると、位相によってトラックに負荷される荷重が変化する。図５に６個ボールの場合の、位相角とトラック荷重の関係を示す。基本的にはボール個数が変わっても同様の傾向が認められ、作動角が大きくなるとトラックの荷重が大きくなる。したがって、大トルクが瞬時に入力されると、作動角が小さい場合は各トラックで比較的均等に荷重を受けるが、作動角が大きくなるとトラックによって荷重が大きく異なる。   Further, when torque is input to the fixed type constant velocity universal joint at an operating angle, the load applied to the track changes depending on the phase. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the phase angle and the track load in the case of 6 balls. Basically, the same tendency is observed even if the number of balls changes, and the load on the track increases as the operating angle increases. Therefore, when a large torque is instantaneously input, a load is received relatively evenly on each track when the operating angle is small, but the load varies greatly depending on the track when the operating angle increases.

そして、大荷重を受けるトラックでは応力が集中するため、素材の引っ張り強度が改善されると強度は向上する。また、作動角が大きくトルクが長時間入力されて回転している場合には、各トラックは荷重を大きく受ける位相と受けない位相が発生し、その応力により外輪が絶えず変形を繰り返し、疲労破損の原因となる。   Since the stress concentrates on a track that receives a heavy load, the strength increases when the tensile strength of the material is improved. In addition, when the operating angle is large and the torque is input for a long time, each track has a phase that receives a large load and a phase that does not receive a load. Cause.

そこで、この発明の目的は、熱間鍛造や旋削により製造した固定式等速自在継手の外輪に、その形状を変更することなく冷間鍛造品と同等以上の強度をもたせることにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an outer ring of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint manufactured by hot forging or turning to have a strength equal to or higher than that of a cold forged product without changing its shape.

この発明の固定式等速自在継手は、球面状の内周面に軸方向に延びるボール溝を円周方向に等間隔に形成した外輪と、球面状の外周面に軸方向に延びるボール溝を円周方向に等間隔に形成した内輪と、対をなす外輪のボール溝と内輪のボール溝との間に介在させたボールと、ボールを収容するためのポケットを円周方向に所定間隔で形成したケージとを有し、前記外輪が熱間鍛造により製造したものであって調質処理が施してあることを特徴とするものである（請求項１）。   The fixed type constant velocity universal joint of the present invention includes an outer ring in which ball grooves extending in the axial direction are formed on the spherical inner peripheral surface at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a ball groove extending in the axial direction on the spherical outer peripheral surface. An inner ring formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a ball interposed between a ball groove of a pair of outer rings and a ball groove of the inner ring, and a pocket for accommodating the balls are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. The outer ring is manufactured by hot forging and tempered (Claim 1).

また、この発明の固定式等速自在継手は、球面状の内周面に軸方向に延びるボール溝を円周方向に等間隔に形成した外輪と、球面状の外周面に軸方向に延びるボール溝を円周方向に等間隔に形成した内輪と、対をなす外輪のボール溝と内輪のボール溝との間に介在させたボールと、ボールを収容するためのポケットを円周方向に所定間隔で形成したケージとを有し、前記外輪が棒鋼から旋削により製造したものであって調質処理が施してあることを特徴とするものである（請求項２）。   The fixed type constant velocity universal joint of the present invention includes an outer ring in which ball grooves extending in the axial direction are formed on the spherical inner peripheral surface at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a ball extending in the axial direction on the spherical outer peripheral surface. An inner ring having grooves formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a ball interposed between a pair of outer ring ball grooves and a ball groove of the inner ring, and pockets for containing the balls at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. And the outer ring is manufactured from a steel bar by turning and is tempered (Claim 2).

調質処理により、外輪のコア部の硬さはＨＶ２７０〜３５０とするのが好ましい（請求項３）。コア部の硬さがＨＶ２７０未満の場合、冷間鍛造品と比較して強度が低下する。ＨＶ３５０を越えると強度は上がるものの熱変形が大きくなるという問題がある。素材硬度の上昇と、組織の微細化により、固定式等速自在継手の疲労強度は改善される。熱間鍛造外輪や旋削外輪の素材硬度を高め、組織の微細化をするために調質処理を行い、コア部の組織をトルースタイトまたはソルバイトとし微細化させて、素材の硬さを高める。   It is preferable that the hardness of the core portion of the outer ring is HV 270 to 350 by the tempering treatment (Claim 3). When the hardness of the core part is less than HV270, the strength is reduced as compared with the cold forged product. If it exceeds HV350, the strength increases, but there is a problem that thermal deformation increases. The fatigue strength of the fixed type constant velocity universal joint is improved by increasing the material hardness and making the structure finer. The material hardness of the hot forged outer ring and turning outer ring is increased, and the tempering treatment is performed to refine the structure, and the structure of the core part is refined with troostite or sorbite to increase the hardness of the material.

ここで、外輪のコア部とは、外輪の内周面とボール溝とステム部に形成した表面硬化層（請求項６）を除いた部分を意味する。ボール溝はボールの転走面となるため、内周面はケージと球面接触するため、ステム部はセレーション（またはスプライン。以下、同じ。）嵌合する部分であるため、それぞれ、たとえば高周波焼入れ・焼戻しからなる熱処理を施すことにより表面硬化層を形成する。   Here, the core part of the outer ring means a part excluding the hardened surface layer (Claim 6) formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, the ball groove, and the stem part. Since the ball groove is a rolling surface of the ball, the inner peripheral surface is in spherical contact with the cage, and the stem portion is a portion that fits serrations (or splines, the same applies hereinafter). A surface hardened layer is formed by performing a heat treatment comprising tempering.

調質処理は一種の焼戻し（tempering）であって、８００〜９００℃に加熱した後急冷し、４５０〜６５０℃に再加熱して所望の焼戻し組織を得る（請求項４）。具体的には、調質処理によって鉄の金属組織をソルバイトやトルースタイトにする場合、鉄の金属組織を一度マルテンサイトにしなければならないため、マルテンサイト変態が生じる８００〜９００℃に加熱する。そして、急冷後に焼戻しをしてソルバイト組織にするために、４５０〜６５０℃から空冷する。   The tempering process is a kind of tempering, and after heating to 800 to 900 ° C, it is rapidly cooled and reheated to 450 to 650 ° C to obtain a desired tempered structure (claim 4). Specifically, when the iron metal structure is made sorbite or troostite by tempering treatment, the iron metal structure has to be martensite once, and therefore, the steel is heated to 800 to 900 ° C. where martensitic transformation occurs. And it cools from 450-650 degreeC in order to temper and to make a sorbite structure after rapid cooling.

述べたような熱処理を施すことから、外輪の材料としては、炭素０．４０〜０．６０ｗｔ％を含有する中炭素鋼が好ましい（請求項５）。この炭素量の範囲は等速自在継手に一般的に用いられる機械構造用炭素鋼ではＳ４８Ｃ〜Ｓ５５Ｃに相当する。この範囲よりも炭素量が低い場合、硬度が必要な部位に十分な焼入れができず、逆にこの範囲よりも炭素量が高い場合、鍛造での成形性や加工性が悪くなり、コスト高や加工不良の発生につながりやすい。 Since the heat treatment as described above is performed, a medium carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.60 wt% of carbon is preferable as the material of the outer ring (Claim 5). This carbon content range corresponds to S48C to S55C in carbon steel for machine structures generally used for constant velocity universal joints. If the amount of carbon is lower than this range, it is not possible to sufficiently quench the part that requires hardness, and conversely if the amount of carbon is higher than this range, the forging formability and workability deteriorate, and the cost increases. It tends to lead to processing defects.

この発明によれば、調質処理を施した外輪のコア部（高周波熱処理が施されていない部分）の組織は、トルースタイトまたはソルバイト組織になって微細化され、さらに硬度も高まるため、外輪コア部の引っ張り強度が改善され、破損強度が向上する。
また、繰り返し応力が入力された場合でも、コア部の強度の上昇と、組織の微細化により疲労強度が改善される。
このように、冷間鍛造により製造した外輪を用いた固定式等速自在継手と同等の強度が得られる。
したがって、この発明は、生産数が少ないためにコストを考慮して外輪を熱間鍛造や旋削で製造せざるをえない固定式等速自在継手や、外輪形状が複雑なため冷間鍛造が困難で、熱間鍛造または旋削でのみ製造が可能となる固定式等速自在継手には、とりわけ好適である。 According to the present invention, the core of the outer ring subjected to the tempering treatment (the part not subjected to high-frequency heat treatment) becomes a troostite or sorbite structure and is refined, and the hardness is further increased. The tensile strength of the part is improved and the breaking strength is improved.
Even when a repeated stress is input, the fatigue strength is improved by increasing the strength of the core and refining the structure.
Thus, the same strength as a fixed type constant velocity universal joint using an outer ring manufactured by cold forging can be obtained.
Therefore, in this invention, because the number of production is small, considering the cost, the outer ring must be manufactured by hot forging or turning. Thus, it is particularly suitable for a fixed type constant velocity universal joint that can be manufactured only by hot forging or turning.

以下、図面に従ってこの発明の実施の形態を説明する。
まず、固定式等速自在継手の基本的構成について述べる。図２〜図４に示すように、固定式等速自在継手は、外側継手部材としての外輪１０と、内側継手部材としての内輪２０と、トルク伝達要素としてのボール３０と、ボールを保持するケージ４０とを主要な構成要素としている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, the basic configuration of the fixed type constant velocity universal joint will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the fixed type constant velocity universal joint includes an outer ring 10 as an outer joint member, an inner ring 20 as an inner joint member, a ball 30 as a torque transmission element, and a cage for holding the ball. 40 is a main component.

外輪１０はマウス部１２とステム部１８とからなり、ステム部１８のセレーション (またはスプライン。以下、同じ)軸部で、連結すべき２軸のうちの一方とトルク伝達可能に接続するようになっている。ここではマウス部１２はベル型で、球面状の内周面１４を有し、その球面状内周面１４の円周方向に等間隔に、軸方向に延びるボール溝１６が形成してある。   The outer ring 10 includes a mouse portion 12 and a stem portion 18, and is connected to one of the two shafts to be connected by a serration (or spline, hereinafter the same) shaft portion of the stem portion 18 so that torque can be transmitted. ing. Here, the mouth portion 12 is bell-shaped and has a spherical inner peripheral surface 14, and ball grooves 16 extending in the axial direction are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the spherical inner peripheral surface 14.

内輪２０は、軸心部分に形成したセレーション孔２２で、連結すべき２軸のうちのもう一方とトルク伝達可能に接続するようになっている。内輪２０は球面状の外周面２４を有し、その球面状外周面２４の円周方向に等間隔に、軸方向に延びるボール溝２６が形成してある。   The inner ring 20 is connected to the other of the two shafts to be coupled by a serration hole 22 formed in the shaft center portion so as to be able to transmit torque. The inner ring 20 has a spherical outer peripheral surface 24, and ball grooves 26 extending in the axial direction are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the spherical outer peripheral surface 24.

外輪１０のボール溝１６と内輪２０のボール溝２６は対をなし、各対のボール溝１６，２６間に１個のボール３０が組み込んである。すべてのボール３０はケージ４０により同一平面内に保持される。一般に６個または８個のボール３０が使用されるが、ボールの数はここでは特に限定するものでない。   The ball groove 16 of the outer ring 10 and the ball groove 26 of the inner ring 20 form a pair, and one ball 30 is incorporated between each pair of ball grooves 16 and 26. All the balls 30 are held in the same plane by the cage 40. In general, six or eight balls 30 are used, but the number of balls is not particularly limited here.

ケージ４０は外輪１０の内周面１４と内輪２０の外周面２４との間に介在させてある。そして、ケージ４０の外周面４２は外輪１０の内周面１４と球面接触し、ケージ４０の内周面４４は内輪２０の外周面２４と球面接触している。ケージ４０は、ボール３０を収容するためのポケット４６が円周方向に所定間隔で形成してある。   The cage 40 is interposed between the inner peripheral surface 14 of the outer ring 10 and the outer peripheral surface 24 of the inner ring 20. The outer peripheral surface 42 of the cage 40 is in spherical contact with the inner peripheral surface 14 of the outer ring 10, and the inner peripheral surface 44 of the cage 40 is in spherical contact with the outer peripheral surface 24 of the inner ring 20. In the cage 40, pockets 46 for accommodating the balls 30 are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.

外輪１０のボール溝１６の中心と、内輪２０のボール溝２６の中心は、継手中心から互いに反対方向に等距離だけ軸方向にオフセットさせてある。したがって、対をなす外輪１０のボール溝１６と内輪２０のボール溝２６とで形成されるトラックが、軸方向の一方から他方に向かって次第に狭くなったくさび形状を呈する。継手が作動角をとると、ボール３０は２軸の二等分面内に保持され、ボール３０の中心から各軸へ下ろした垂線の長さが相等しくなる。したがって、２軸は常に等角速度で回転する。   The center of the ball groove 16 of the outer ring 10 and the center of the ball groove 26 of the inner ring 20 are offset in the axial direction by equal distances from the joint center in opposite directions. Accordingly, the track formed by the ball groove 16 of the outer ring 10 and the ball groove 26 of the inner ring 20 that form a pair has a wedge shape that becomes gradually narrower from one side to the other side in the axial direction. When the joint takes an operating angle, the ball 30 is held in the biaxial bisector, and the lengths of the perpendiculars extending from the center of the ball 30 to the respective axes become equal. Therefore, the two axes always rotate at an equiangular speed.

外輪１０の材料としては、炭素０．４０〜０．６０ｗｔ％を含有する中炭素鋼を採用し、外輪１０の製造方法としては熱間鍛造または旋削を採用する。いずれの場合も、内周面１４、ボール溝１６、そしてステム部１８には、通常の高周波焼入れ・焼戻しからなる高周波熱処理により表面硬化層を形成させる。ボール溝１６はボール３０の転走面となり、内周面１４はケージ４０との球面嵌合部となり、ステム部１８はハブ輪とのスプライン嵌合部となるため、高周波熱処理を施し、ボール転走面の転動耐久性、ケージ嵌合部の擦れに対する耐久性、スプライン嵌合の強度・耐久性およびステム強度を確保する。   As the material of the outer ring 10, medium carbon steel containing 0.40 to 0.60 wt% of carbon is adopted, and as the manufacturing method of the outer ring 10, hot forging or turning is adopted. In any case, a hardened surface layer is formed on the inner peripheral surface 14, the ball groove 16, and the stem portion 18 by an induction heat treatment including normal induction hardening and tempering. Since the ball groove 16 becomes a rolling surface of the ball 30, the inner peripheral surface 14 becomes a spherical fitting portion with the cage 40, and the stem portion 18 becomes a spline fitting portion with the hub wheel, therefore, high-frequency heat treatment is performed, The rolling durability of the running surface, the durability against rubbing of the cage fitting, the strength and durability of the spline fitting, and the stem strength are ensured.

上述の高周波熱処理の前に、次に述べる調質処理を施すのであるが、表面硬化層が形成されていない部分をコア部と呼ぶこととする。図１は外輪１０を一部破断面にしたもので、狭幅の平行斜線が表面硬化層を、広幅の平行斜線がコア部を示している。   Prior to the above-described high-frequency heat treatment, the following tempering treatment is performed, and the portion where the surface hardened layer is not formed is referred to as a core portion. FIG. 1 is a partially broken cross section of the outer ring 10. A narrow parallel oblique line indicates a hardened surface layer, and a wide parallel oblique line indicates a core part.

なお、熱間鍛造の場合、通常は鍛造仕上げのままとするところ、加工精度が必要な場合にはさらに旋削を行うことがある。この旋削は調質処理の後に行うが、加工の容易性を考慮して、調質処理の前に旋削を行ってもよい。   In the case of hot forging, the forging finish is usually left, but if machining accuracy is required, further turning may be performed. Although this turning is performed after the tempering treatment, the turning may be performed before the tempering treatment in consideration of the ease of machining.

冷間鍛造により製造した外輪のコア部の硬度はビッカース硬さＨＶ２７０〜３４０程度である。一方、熱間鍛造や旋削により製造した外輪ではコア部の硬度はＨＶ１８０〜２５０程度であるため、調質処理により、コア部の硬度を冷間鍛造外輪と同程度以上、たとえばＨＶ２７０〜３５０とする。調質処理により、外輪１０のコア部の組織を、フェライトが混ざった一般的な組織からトルースタイトまたはソルバイト組織に変化させ、組織を微細化させ、硬度を上げる。   The hardness of the core portion of the outer ring manufactured by cold forging is about Vickers hardness HV270-340. On the other hand, in the outer ring manufactured by hot forging or turning, the hardness of the core part is about HV180 to 250. Therefore, the hardness of the core part is equal to or higher than that of the cold forging outer ring by tempering treatment, for example, HV270 to 350. . By the tempering treatment, the structure of the core portion of the outer ring 10 is changed from a general structure mixed with ferrite to a troostite or sorbite structure to refine the structure and increase the hardness.

調質処理は一種の焼戻し（tempering）であって、８００〜９００℃に加熱した後急冷し（焼入れ）、４５０〜６５０℃に再加熱（焼戻し）して所望の焼戻し組織を得る。
調質処理の具体例を挙げるならば次のとおりである。
焼入れは、バッチ型焼入れ炉で、焼入れ温度８５０℃で約１．５時間保持した後、冷却液（例：コスモクェンチＡ２１２）を用いて急冷する。炉内雰囲気はＣＰ（カーボンポテンシャル）０．５％とする。
焼戻しは、焼戻し炉で、焼戻し温度５００〜５５０℃で約２時間保持した後、空冷する。 The tempering process is a kind of tempering, which is heated to 800 to 900 ° C., then rapidly cooled (quenched), and reheated to 450 to 650 ° C. (tempered) to obtain a desired tempered structure.
A specific example of the tempering process is as follows.
Quenching is performed in a batch-type quenching furnace at a quenching temperature of 850 ° C. for about 1.5 hours, and then rapidly cooled using a cooling liquid (eg, Cosmo Quench A212). The furnace atmosphere is CP (carbon potential) 0.5%.
Tempering is carried out in a tempering furnace at a tempering temperature of 500 to 550 ° C. for about 2 hours and then air-cooled.

調質処理を施した外輪１０の組織はトルースタイトまたはソルバイトになって微細化され、さらに硬度も高まるため、外輪１０の引っ張り強度が改善され、破損強度が向上する。また、繰り返し応力に対しても、強度の向上と組織の微細化により疲労強度が改善される。   The structure of the tempered outer ring 10 becomes troostite or sorbite and is refined, and the hardness is further increased, so that the tensile strength of the outer ring 10 is improved and the breakage strength is improved. In addition, the fatigue strength can be improved by increasing the strength and refining the structure against repeated stress.

調質処理を終えた外輪１０に高周波熱処理を施す。すなわち、既に述べたように、ケージ４０と接触する内周面１４、ボール３０と接触するボール溝１６、そしてステム部１８に、局部的に表面硬化層を形成させる。   The outer ring 10 that has been subjected to the tempering treatment is subjected to high-frequency heat treatment. That is, as already described, a hardened surface layer is locally formed on the inner peripheral surface 14 in contact with the cage 40, the ball groove 16 in contact with the ball 30, and the stem portion 18.

なお、アンダーカットフリー型等速自在継手（ＵＪ）の場合を例にとって説明したが、この発明はバーフィールド型（ＢＪ）等の他の固定式等速自在継手にも適用することができる。   The undercut-free type constant velocity universal joint (UJ) has been described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to other fixed type constant velocity universal joints such as a barfield type (BJ).

固定式等速自在継手の外輪の一部破断正面図である。It is a partially broken front view of the outer ring of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint. 一般的な固定式等速自在継手の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a general fixed type constant velocity universal joint. コンパクト化した固定式等速自在継手の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal section of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint made compact. 固定式等速自在継手の端面図である。It is an end view of a fixed type constant velocity universal joint. 位相角とトラック荷重の関係を示す線図である。It is a diagram which shows the relationship between a phase angle and a track load.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 外輪（外側継手部材）
１２ マウス部
１４ 内周面
１６ ボール溝
１８ ステム部
２０ 内輪（内側継手部材）
２２ セレーション孔
２４ 外周面
２６ ボール溝
３０ ボール（トルク伝達要素）
４０ ケージ
４２ 外周面
４４ 内周面
４６ ポケット 10 Outer ring (outer joint member)
12 Mouse part 14 Inner peripheral surface 16 Ball groove 18 Stem part 20 Inner ring (inner joint member)
22 Serration hole 24 Outer peripheral surface 26 Ball groove 30 Ball (torque transmission element)
40 Cage 42 Outer peripheral surface 44 Inner peripheral surface 46 Pocket

Claims (6)

球面状の内周面に軸方向に延びるボール溝を円周方向に等間隔に形成した外輪と、
球面状の外周面に軸方向に延びるボール溝を円周方向に等間隔に形成した内輪と、
対をなす外輪のボール溝と内輪のボール溝との間に介在させたボールと、
ボールを収容するためのポケットを円周方向に所定間隔で形成したケージと
を有し、前記外輪が熱間鍛造により製造したものであって調質処理が施してある固定式等速自在継手。 An outer ring in which ball grooves extending in the axial direction are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a spherical inner peripheral surface;
An inner ring in which ball grooves extending in the axial direction are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a spherical outer peripheral surface;
A ball interposed between the ball groove of the outer ring and the ball groove of the inner ring,
A fixed type constant velocity universal joint having a cage in which pockets for accommodating balls are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and wherein the outer ring is manufactured by hot forging and subjected to a tempering treatment. 球面状の内周面に軸方向に延びるボール溝を円周方向に等間隔に形成した外輪と、
球面状の外周面に軸方向に延びるボール溝を円周方向に等間隔に形成した内輪と、
対をなす外輪のボール溝と内輪のボール溝との間に介在させたボールと、
ボールを収容するためのポケットを円周方向に所定間隔で形成したケージと
を有し、前記外輪が棒鋼から旋削により製造したものであって調質処理が施してある固定式等速自在継手。 An outer ring in which ball grooves extending in the axial direction are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a spherical inner peripheral surface;
An inner ring in which ball grooves extending in the axial direction are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a spherical outer peripheral surface;
A ball interposed between the ball groove of the outer ring and the ball groove of the inner ring,
A fixed type constant velocity universal joint having a cage in which pockets for accommodating balls are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, wherein the outer ring is manufactured by turning from steel bar and is subjected to a tempering treatment. 前記外輪のコア部の硬さがＨＶ２７０〜３５０である請求項１または２の固定式等速自在継手。   The fixed constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hardness of the core portion of the outer ring is HV270 to 350. 前記調質処理は、焼入れ温度８００〜９００℃、焼戻し温度４５０〜６５０℃で行う請求項３の固定式等速自在継手。   The fixed constant velocity universal joint according to claim 3, wherein the tempering treatment is performed at a quenching temperature of 800 to 900 ° C and a tempering temperature of 450 to 650 ° C. 前記外輪は、炭素０．４０〜０．６０ｗｔ％を含有する中炭素鋼からなる請求項１から４のいずれか１項の固定式等速自在継手。   The fixed outer constant velocity universal joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer ring is made of medium carbon steel containing carbon of 0.40 to 0.60 wt%. 前記外輪の前記内周面および前記ボール溝ならびにステム部に局部的な表面硬化層を形成させた請求項５の固定式等速自在継手。 The fixed constant velocity universal joint according to claim 5, wherein a locally hardened layer is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, the ball groove, and the stem portion.
JP2007148343A 2007-06-04 2007-06-04 Fixed constant velocity universal joint Active JP5398965B2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007148343A JP5398965B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2007-06-04 Fixed constant velocity universal joint
US12/602,197 US8172962B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2008-05-29 Fixed constant velocity universal joint and method for manufacturing outer race thereof
CN2008800184898A CN101680490B (en) 2007-06-04 2008-05-29 Fixed constant velocity universal joint and method of producing outer ring of joint
EP08776984.0A EP2154389B1 (en) 2007-06-04 2008-05-29 Fixed constant velocity universal joint and method of producing outer ring of the joint
PCT/JP2008/059922 WO2008149775A1 (en) 2007-06-04 2008-05-29 Fixed constant velocity universal joint and method of producing outer ring of the joint

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007148343A JP5398965B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2007-06-04 Fixed constant velocity universal joint

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2008298270A true JP2008298270A (en) 2008-12-11
JP5398965B2 JP5398965B2 (en) 2014-01-29

Family

ID=40171963

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2007148343A Active JP5398965B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2007-06-04 Fixed constant velocity universal joint

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5398965B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013044348A (en) * 2011-08-22 2013-03-04 Ntn Corp Constant velocity universal joint, and method of manufacturing the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7375300B2 (en) * 2018-12-25 2023-11-08 株式会社ジェイテクト Method for manufacturing constant velocity joint components

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09280262A (en) * 1995-10-17 1997-10-28 Ntn Corp Outer ring for high strength uniform coupling and its manufacture
JP2002317823A (en) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-31 Metalart Corp Manufacturing method for outer ring for cross groove joint
JP2007107695A (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-26 Ntn Corp Outer member of tripod-type constant velocity universal joint

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09280262A (en) * 1995-10-17 1997-10-28 Ntn Corp Outer ring for high strength uniform coupling and its manufacture
JP2002317823A (en) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-31 Metalart Corp Manufacturing method for outer ring for cross groove joint
JP2007107695A (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-26 Ntn Corp Outer member of tripod-type constant velocity universal joint

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013044348A (en) * 2011-08-22 2013-03-04 Ntn Corp Constant velocity universal joint, and method of manufacturing the same
US9291207B2 (en) 2011-08-22 2016-03-22 Ntn Corporation Constant velocity universal joint and method for producing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5398965B2 (en) 2014-01-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5718003B2 (en) Outer joint member of constant velocity universal joint and friction welding method thereof
JP5231266B2 (en) Outer member of constant velocity universal joint
JP4731945B2 (en) Constant velocity universal joint, cage for constant velocity universal joint, and manufacturing method thereof
EP2881605B1 (en) Cage for constant-velocity universal joint, fixed type constant-velocity universal joint incorporating same, and drive shaft incorporating said fixed type constant-velocity universal joint
US20110003645A1 (en) Constant velocity universal joint
JP5398965B2 (en) Fixed constant velocity universal joint
EP2154389B1 (en) Fixed constant velocity universal joint and method of producing outer ring of the joint
JP5917249B2 (en) Inner member of constant velocity universal joint and manufacturing method thereof
JP5467710B2 (en) Method for manufacturing fixed type constant velocity universal joint and outer ring thereof
CN103748375B (en) Constant velocity joint and manufacture method thereof
JP2010043691A (en) Constant velocity universal joint and method for manufacturing the same
JP2007211926A (en) Inner member of constant velocity universal joint and its manufacturing method
JP6599526B2 (en) Tripod type constant velocity universal joint
JP2009275878A (en) Spline shaft, power transmission shaft, and outer ring of constant velocity universal joint
JP6422743B2 (en) Method for manufacturing tripod member of tripod type constant velocity universal joint
JP4855369B2 (en) Outer joint member for constant velocity universal joint and fixed constant velocity universal joint
WO2020195487A1 (en) Tripod-type constant-velocity universal joint
JP2008207586A (en) Wheel bearing device and its manufacturing method
JP2020159546A (en) Tripod type constant velocity universal joint
JP2011208674A (en) Constant velocity universal joint
WO2007125844A1 (en) Constant velocity universal joint
JP2008298202A (en) Constant velocity universal joint, outside joint member and method of manufacturing outside joint member
JP2009052656A (en) Outer coupling member of constant velocity universal joint and manufacturing method of the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RD04 Notification of resignation of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424

Effective date: 20091104

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20100514

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20121105

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20121226

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20130606

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20130829

A911 Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911

Effective date: 20130905

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20131009

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20131023

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 5398965

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250