JP2008290132A

JP2008290132A - Friction stir tool

Info

Publication number: JP2008290132A
Application number: JP2007139757A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Yasuhiro Shimada; 康裕島田; Kazuyuki Takahashi; 和幸高橋; Takanobu Ide; 孝信井手
Original assignee: Yamashita Rubber Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yamashita Rubber Co Ltd
Priority date: 2007-05-25
Filing date: 2007-05-25
Publication date: 2008-12-04
Anticipated expiration: 2027-05-25
Also published as: JP5022776B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that, in friction stir welding, in order to feed a fluidization material to the vicinity of the center of a friction stir tool, there is a friction stir tool to feed the fluidization material to the center by providing a projected line part, e.g., a spiral shape in a shoulder part, but, in this state, the projected line part is easy to be broken, and to provide a friction stir tool capable of feeding a large quantity of fluidization materials and also hard to be broken. <P>SOLUTION: A shoulder part 3 and a stir pin 4 are formed at the tip of the main body part of a friction stir tool, and further, two pressing faces 5 and 6 whose heights are changed in a rotary direction are formed on the whole circumference of the surface of the shoulder part 3. In this way, a fluidization material can be fed at the two pressing faces 5, 6, and also, breakage is made hard to occur. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、摩擦撹拌接合に用いる摩擦撹拌ツールに関する。
The present invention relates to a friction stir tool used for friction stir welding.

図１０のＡは従来の摩擦撹拌ツールの一例であり、摩擦撹拌ツール１００は、本体部１０１の先端をショルダ部１０２とし、その中央に撹拌ピン１０３を突出させるとともに、本体部１０１の軸線Ｃを進行方向Ａに対して後傾させ、接合材料１０４の表面１０５へショルダ部１０２を接触させて向かい角θを形成するように保持して回転させ、撹拌ピン１０３を接合材料１０４中へ差し込み進行方向Ａへ移動させるようになっている。向かい角は流動化材料をショルダ部下方へ巻き込むことにより接合部における撹拌層の肉厚を一定にするので、接合強度を安定化させる上で重要である。 FIG. 10A is an example of a conventional friction stirrer tool. The friction stirrer tool 100 has a shoulder portion 102 at the front end of the main body 101 and a stirring pin 103 protruding from the center thereof. The shoulder portion 102 is brought into contact with the surface 105 of the bonding material 104 and held to rotate so as to form an opposite angle θ, and the stirring pin 103 is inserted into the bonding material 104 to move in the direction of movement. Move to A. The opposite angle is important in stabilizing the joint strength because the thickness of the stirring layer in the joint is made constant by winding the fluidizing material downward in the shoulder.

ところが図１０のＢに示すように、接合材料１０４Ａと１０４Ｂの接合部を始点１０６から終点１０７に向かって直線的な接合線１０８を形成するとき、まず始点１０６から矢示Ｄ方向に移動させるが、向かい角があるため終点１０７部分の接合ができないので、途中で中止して終点１０７から矢示Ｅ方向へ折り返して接合しなければならない。しかしこの場合には終点１０７で折り返すときに本体部１０１における軸線Ｃの傾きを反転して向かい角を折り返し方向に形成しなければならず、このためには本体部１０１の支持装置における本体部支持角度を変更しなければならない。また、接合材料１０４Ｂと１０４Ｃの接合部を自由曲線の接合線１０８Ａとする場合にも同様の問題が生じる。しかし本体部の支持角度を進行方向に応じて自在に変更できる支持装置は極めて高価なものとなってしまう。そこで摩擦撹拌ツールを傾けずに摩擦撹拌接合できるノンチルト式の摩擦撹拌ツールが望まれることになった。 However, as shown in FIG. 10B, when forming a straight joining line 108 from the starting point 106 to the end point 107, the joining portion of the joining materials 104A and 104B is first moved from the starting point 106 in the direction indicated by the arrow D. The end point 107 cannot be joined because there is an opposite angle, so it must be stopped halfway and folded back from the end point 107 in the direction of arrow E. However, in this case, when turning back at the end point 107, the inclination of the axis C in the main body 101 must be reversed so that the opposite angle is formed in the turning direction. The angle must be changed. A similar problem occurs when the joining portion of the joining materials 104B and 104C is a free-curved joining line 108A. However, a support device that can freely change the support angle of the main body according to the traveling direction becomes extremely expensive. Therefore, a non-tilt friction stir tool that can be friction stir welded without tilting the friction stir tool has been desired.

このようなノンチルト式の摩擦撹拌ツールとしては、ショルダ部に渦巻き状等の凸条部を設け、この凸条部に流動化材料を案内させて中心部の撹拌ピンへ送り込むものもある（特許文献１・２）。
また、ショルダ部の表面を中心側へ傾斜させて外部へ流動化材料があふれ出さないようにしたものものある（特許文献２）。
さらに、ショルダ部の表面のうち約１／４程度を斜めに切り欠いて、回転方向及び径方向に傾斜する斜面を設けたものもある（特許文献３）。 As such a non-tilt type friction stirrer tool, there is a tool in which a spiral ridge or the like is provided in the shoulder portion, and a fluidizing material is guided to the ridge portion and fed to the central stirring pin (Patent Document). 1.2).
Also, there is one in which the surface of the shoulder portion is inclined toward the center side so that the fluidizing material does not overflow to the outside (Patent Document 2).
Furthermore, about 1/4 of the surface of a shoulder part is notched diagonally, and there is also what provided the slope which inclines in a rotation direction and a radial direction (patent document 3).

ＷＯ９９／５２６６９号公報WO99 / 52669 特許第３４０９７９１号公報Japanese Patent No. 3409971 特開２００５−８１４２７号公報JP 2005-81427 A

ところで、上記のようにショルダ部に凸条部を設けた場合、この凸条部で接合材料を摩擦撹拌することになるから、比較的破損しやすく、かつ加工も比較的複雑なため、耐久性の向上やコスト面に課題があった。また、特許文献１及び２のように凸条部及びその間に形成される溝状部はそれぞれ回転方向の高さが一定であるから、より大量に流動化材料を中心へ送り込むことができなかった。また、特許文献３のようにショルダ部の一部を切り欠いたものでは、連続的に流動化材料を中心へ送り込むことができず、ノンチルト加工に適しない。そこで本願は、このような要請の実現を目的とする。

By the way, if the shoulder portion is provided with a protruding portion as described above, the bonding material is frictionally stirred by the protruding portion, so that it is relatively easy to break and the processing is relatively complicated. There were problems with improvement and cost. In addition, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the protrusions and the groove-like portions formed between them have a constant height in the rotation direction, the fluidized material could not be fed in a larger amount to the center. . In addition, when a part of the shoulder portion is cut out as in Patent Document 3, the fluidizing material cannot be continuously fed to the center, which is not suitable for non-tilt processing. Therefore, the present application aims to realize such a request.

上記課題を解決するため摩擦撹拌ツールに係る請求項１の発明は、棒状の本体部と、この本体部の軸方向端面に形成されて接合材料の表面へ当接するショルダ部と、このショルダ部の中心部から突出して接合材料中へ差し込まれる撹拌ピンとを備えた摩擦撹拌ツールにおいて、
前記ショルダ部を、回転するにしたがって次第に接合材料中へ深く食い込むよう全周に亘って高さが変化する押圧面で構成したことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 relating to the friction stir tool includes: a rod-shaped main body portion; a shoulder portion formed on the axial end surface of the main body portion and contacting the surface of the bonding material; and In a friction stir tool with a stirring pin protruding from the center and inserted into the bonding material,
The shoulder portion is constituted by a pressing surface whose height changes over the entire circumference so as to gradually penetrate into the bonding material as it rotates.

請求項２の発明は上記請求項１において、前記押圧面が、前記ショルダ部の表面全周にて単一の面で構成されることを特徴とする。 A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the pressing surface is constituted by a single surface all around the surface of the shoulder portion.

請求項３の発明は上記請求項１において、前記押圧面が、前記ショルダ部の表面全周にて２面以上の面で構成されることを特徴とする。 A third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the pressing surface is composed of two or more surfaces around the entire circumference of the shoulder portion.

請求項４の発明は上記請求項１において、前記押圧面が、前記ショルダ部の表面全周にて２面以上の面で構成され、各押圧面は回転方向後方側の幅が、徐々に狭くなって外周側が中心側へ近づくように変化するとともに、他の押圧面と径方向にて重なることを特徴とする。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the pressing surface is composed of two or more surfaces around the entire circumference of the shoulder portion, and each pressing surface has a gradually narrower width on the rear side in the rotation direction. The outer peripheral side changes so as to approach the center side, and overlaps with other pressing surfaces in the radial direction.

請求項５の発明は上記請求項１〜４のいずれかにおいて、前記押圧面が、径方向でも外周から中心へ向かって傾斜していることを特徴とする。
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the pressing surface is inclined from the outer periphery toward the center even in the radial direction.

請求項１の発明によれば、ショルダ部の表面を、回転するにしたがって次第に接合材料中へ深く食い込むよう回転方向にて全周に亘って高さが変化する押圧面で構成したので、接合材料の表面との間に常時向かい角を形成でき、押圧面で接合材料を摩擦撹拌して、押圧面の上に沿って流動化材料を回転方向後方へ送り、中心部へ送り込むことができ、大量の流動化材料を中心部へ送り込むことを可能にしつつ、破損しやすい凸条部を不要にして耐久性を向上させることができる。また凸条部ほどの複雑な加工が不要になるので、摩擦撹拌ツールの製造コストも下げることができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the surface of the shoulder portion is constituted by the pressing surface whose height changes over the entire circumference in the rotation direction so as to gradually penetrate into the bonding material as it rotates. Can always form an opposite angle with the surface of the material, frictionally stir the bonding material on the pressing surface, send the fluidizing material backward on the pressing surface, and send it to the center, The fluidized material can be fed into the central portion, and the ridges that are easily damaged are not required, and the durability can be improved. Further, since the complicated processing as the ridge portion is not required, the manufacturing cost of the friction stir tool can be reduced.

請求項２の発明によれば、押圧面をショルダ部の表面全周にて単一の面で構成したので、押圧面が簡単になり、容易に製造できる。 According to the invention of claim 2, since the pressing surface is constituted by a single surface all around the surface of the shoulder portion, the pressing surface is simplified and can be easily manufactured.

請求項３の発明によれば、押圧面が、ショルダ部の表面全周にて２面以上の面で構成されるので、摩擦撹拌ツールで接合材料を押圧するとき、中心に対して複数の位置にて同時に押圧することができるため、中心線に沿って押圧力を均一にできる。その結果、作業が安定化し、摩擦撹拌される接合材料が均一化するので、接合性が安定し、接合品質が向上する。 According to invention of Claim 3, since a press surface is comprised by 2 or more surfaces in the surface perimeter of a shoulder part, when pressing a joining material with a friction stir tool, it is several position with respect to the center. Can be pressed at the same time, so that the pressing force can be made uniform along the center line. As a result, the operation is stabilized, and the joining material that is friction-stirred is made uniform, so that the joining property is stabilized and the joining quality is improved.

請求項４の発明によれば、複数の押圧面のうち、隣り合う一つの押圧面の回転方向先端が、他方の押圧面における回転方向後端側の外周側へ径方向にて重なって位置するとともに、各押圧面は回転方向後方側の幅が、徐々に狭くなって外周側が中心側へ近づくように変化するので、複数の押圧面で同時に各先端側から流動化材料を送り込むから大量の流動化材料を中心部へ常時送り込むことが可能になる。そのうえ後端側が中心側へ近づくように幅狭に変化するので、流動材料を後端部側で確実に中心側へ送り込むことができる。 According to invention of Claim 4, the rotation direction front-end | tip of one adjacent pressing surface is located in the radial direction to the outer peripheral side of the rotation direction rear-end side in the other pressing surface among several pressing surfaces. At the same time, the width of each pressing surface is changed so that the width on the rear side in the rotational direction becomes gradually narrower and the outer peripheral side approaches the center side. It becomes possible to always feed the chemical material into the center. In addition, since the width changes so that the rear end side approaches the center side, the fluid material can be reliably fed to the center side on the rear end side.

請求項５の発明によれば、押圧面をショルダ部の径方向でも中心へ向かって傾斜させたので、押圧面は３次元的に捩れた形状をなし、流動化材料を外部へあふれにくくし、中心部へ確実に送り込むことができる。
According to the invention of claim 5, since the pressing surface is inclined toward the center even in the radial direction of the shoulder portion, the pressing surface has a three-dimensional twisted shape, and the fluidized material is less likely to overflow to the outside. It can be reliably sent to the center.

以下、図面に基づいて第１実施例を説明する。図１〜６は第１実施例に係り、図１は摩擦撹拌ツール１の正面図、図２はショルダ部の底面視形状図、図３はショルダ部及び撹拌ピン部分を示す斜視図、図４は図２の４−４線に沿う断面図、図５はショルダ部３の表面形状を図１の方向から見た状態で展開して示す図、図６は摩擦撹拌接合時の状態を示す図である。 The first embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 relate to the first embodiment, FIG. 1 is a front view of the friction stir tool 1, FIG. 2 is a bottom view shape view of a shoulder portion, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a shoulder portion and a stirring pin portion. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the surface shape of the shoulder portion 3 as seen from the direction of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state during friction stir welding. It is.

図１に示すように、摩擦撹拌ツール１は、丸棒状の本体部２とその端面に形成されたショルダ部３及びショルダ部３の中心部から突出する撹拌ピン４を備え、進行方向Ａに沿ってＢ矢示方向へ回転させつつ移動させて摩擦撹拌接合するようになっている。Ｃは本体部２の中心軸線であり回転中心でもある。
なお、本願において上下方向等は摩擦撹拌ツール１の使用状態を基準とし、図１の上下方向を摩擦撹拌ツール１の上下方向とし、図１の下方から示すショルダ部３の形状（すなわち図２の状態）を底面視形状ということにする。またショルダ部３における面の高低は、下方へ突出する高さで表現し、下方突出量が多いほど高いと表現する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the friction stir tool 1 includes a round bar-shaped main body portion 2, a shoulder portion 3 formed on the end face thereof, and a stirring pin 4 protruding from the center portion of the shoulder portion 3, and along the traveling direction A. Thus, the friction stir welding is carried out while rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow B. C is the central axis of the main body 2 and also the center of rotation.
In the present application, the vertical direction and the like is based on the usage state of the friction stir tool 1, and the vertical direction in FIG. 1 is the vertical direction of the friction stir tool 1, and the shape of the shoulder portion 3 shown from below in FIG. State) is referred to as a bottom view shape. Moreover, the height of the surface in the shoulder part 3 is expressed as a height protruding downward, and expressed as being higher as the downward protrusion amount is larger.

図１〜６において、ショルダ部３は、本体部２の下方側端面であって接合材料の表面（図６参照）に対面する部分であり、接合材料中へ食い込んで接合材料を流動化させる部分でもある。撹拌ピン４は、ショルダ部３の中央から下方へ一体に突出形成されており、接合材料中へ差し込まれて材料を撹拌するためのものであり、図示省略してあるが、多くの場合は周囲にネジが切られ、摩擦撹拌接合時に流動化材料を中心部へ押し込むようになっている。 1 to 6, the shoulder portion 3 is a lower end surface of the main body portion 2 and is a portion facing the surface of the bonding material (see FIG. 6), and is a portion that bites into the bonding material and fluidizes the bonding material. But there is. The stirring pin 4 is integrally formed to project downward from the center of the shoulder portion 3 and is inserted into the joining material to stir the material. The fluidized material is pushed into the center during friction stir welding.

図３に示すように、ショルダ部３は互いに逆方向に傾斜する半円状の第１押圧面５と第２押圧面６を向かい合わせにし、本体部２の中心軸線であり回転中心でもある軸線Ｃ方向から見たとき、底面視形状が一つの円形を形成するようにする（図２参照）。２つの押圧面５，６の境界は段差部７をなす。 As shown in FIG. 3, the shoulder portion 3 has a semicircular first pressing surface 5 and a second pressing surface 6 which are inclined in opposite directions to face each other, and is an axis that is the central axis of the main body 2 and is also the center of rotation. When viewed from the C direction, the bottom view shape forms one circle (see FIG. 2). The boundary between the two pressing surfaces 5 and 6 forms a stepped portion 7.

但し、第１押圧面５と第２押圧面６は、回転方向Ｂ（図２）すなわちショルダ部３の円周方向に見た場合、同一方向へ傾斜する斜面をなす。すなわち図５に示すように、各押圧面５，６は段差部７を挟んで平行に同一方向へ傾斜し、各押圧面（５、６）はそれぞれ回転方向Ｂに向かって先端８側が低く後端９側が高くなるように連続的に高さが変化する傾斜面をなし、水平方向に対して角θなる傾斜角を有し、この傾斜角度が向かい角θとなる。
なお図中には、先端８が最も低いのでＬを添え、後端９が最も高いのでＨを添えて高低を示す。 However, the 1st press surface 5 and the 2nd press surface 6 make the slope which inclines in the same direction, when it sees in the rotation direction B (FIG. 2), ie, the circumferential direction of the shoulder part 3. As shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the pressing surfaces 5 and 6 are inclined in the same direction in parallel with the stepped portion 7 therebetween, and the pressing surfaces (5 and 6) are respectively rearward in the rotational direction B with the tip 8 side being lower and lower. An inclined surface whose height continuously changes so that the end 9 side becomes higher is formed and has an inclination angle of an angle θ with respect to the horizontal direction, and this inclination angle becomes an opposite angle θ.
In the figure, the leading end 8 is the lowest and therefore L is added, and the trailing end 9 is the highest and H is added to indicate the height.

このようにすると、図６に作業状態を示すように、進行方向に向かって常にθなる向かい角（傾斜角）を維持できる。このため、本体部２の取付角を変更することなく、進行方向が変化する作業を行うことができる。
また、第１押圧面５と第２押圧面６はそれぞれショルダ部３の径方向において外周側が高く内周側が低くなるように傾斜し、全体として３次元的に捩れた曲面をなしている。 In this way, as shown in the working state in FIG. 6, it is possible to always maintain an opposite angle (inclination angle) of θ toward the traveling direction. For this reason, the operation | movement from which advancing direction changes can be performed, without changing the attachment angle of the main-body part 2. FIG.
Further, the first pressing surface 5 and the second pressing surface 6 are inclined so that the outer peripheral side is higher and the inner peripheral side is lower in the radial direction of the shoulder portion 3, thereby forming a curved surface that is twisted three-dimensionally as a whole.

図６において、接合材料１０，１１が接合線１２で突き合わされ、この接合線１０上に撹拌ピン４が差し込まれ、Ｂ矢示方向に回転させつつ、ショルダ部３を接合材料１０，１１の表面１４へ摺接させながら、接合線１２の上に沿って移動させる。すると、接合線１２を挟む両側に位置する接合材料１０，１１の材料を流動化させつつ摩擦撹拌して格子状のハッチングで示す融合部１３を形成し、ここで接合材料１０，１１が結合一体化する。 In FIG. 6, the joining materials 10 and 11 are abutted at the joining line 12, and the stirring pin 4 is inserted on the joining line 10, and the shoulder portion 3 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow B, while the shoulder portion 3 is moved to the surface of the joining material 10 and 11. 14 is moved along the joining line 12 while being slidably contacted. Then, the fusion material 13 indicated by lattice hatching is formed by fluidizing the materials of the bonding materials 10 and 11 located on both sides of the bonding line 12 while fluidizing them, and the bonding materials 10 and 11 are joined together. Turn into.

このとき摩擦撹拌ツール１は直立状態で、ショルダ部３は第１押圧面５及び第２押圧面６が常に接合材料１０，１１の表面へ傾斜角θをなして当接する。このため、流動化材料は、ショルダ部３と表面１４との間に形成される傾斜角θなるショルダ部３の下にある空間内へ送り込まれる。このとき、ショルダ部３は回転により接合材料の表面１４に接触する第１押圧面５及び第２押圧面６を有し、第１押圧面５及び第２押圧面６がそれぞれ、低い先端８から後端９に向かって次第に高くなるため、徐々に接合材料中へ食い込み、材料を流動化させつつ、第１押圧面５及び第２押圧面６の上を回転方向後方へ送り込み、最も高い後端９にて中心側の撹拌ピン７の周囲へ送り込む。したがって大量の流動化材料を送り込むことができるとともに、第１押圧面５及び第２押圧面６がそれぞれ径方向でも内側へ傾いているため、流動化材料を外側へ逃がさないように送り込むことができ、確実な摩擦撹拌を実現する。 At this time, the friction stir tool 1 is in an upright state, and in the shoulder portion 3, the first pressing surface 5 and the second pressing surface 6 always come into contact with the surfaces of the bonding materials 10 and 11 with an inclination angle θ. For this reason, the fluidizing material is fed into a space below the shoulder portion 3 having an inclination angle θ formed between the shoulder portion 3 and the surface 14. At this time, the shoulder part 3 has the 1st press surface 5 and the 2nd press surface 6 which contact the surface 14 of joining material by rotation, and the 1st press surface 5 and the 2nd press surface 6 are respectively from the low front end 8. Since it gradually increases toward the rear end 9, it gradually bites into the bonding material and fluidizes the material while feeding the first pressing surface 5 and the second pressing surface 6 rearward in the rotational direction. 9, it is fed around the stirring pin 7 on the center side. Therefore, a large amount of fluidizing material can be fed, and since the first pressing surface 5 and the second pressing surface 6 are inclined inward in the radial direction, the fluidizing material can be fed so as not to escape to the outside. Realize reliable friction stirring.

しかも、接合線１２が平面視で屈曲等することにより進行方向が種々に変化しても本体部２の軸線Ｃを直立したままで、常時進行方向に傾斜角θを維持できるので、高価な摩擦撹拌ツール１の支持装置を必要とせずに折り返しや自由曲線（図１０のＢにおける１０８Ａ参照）を描くような作業ができるようになる。そのうえ、ショルダ部３を第１押圧面５及び第２押圧面６からなる面で構成するので、破損しやすい凸条部を設ける必要がなくなり、耐久性を向上させ、かつ比較的簡単な加工でショルダ部３を形成でき、安価に製造できる。 In addition, even if the traveling direction changes variously by bending the joining line 12 in plan view, the axis C of the main body 2 can be kept upright and the tilt angle θ can be maintained in the traveling direction at all times. It is possible to perform work such as folding or drawing a free curve (see 108A in FIG. 10B) without requiring a support device for the stirring tool 1. In addition, since the shoulder portion 3 is composed of the first pressing surface 5 and the second pressing surface 6, it is not necessary to provide a ridge portion that is easily damaged, and the durability is improved and the processing is relatively simple. The shoulder portion 3 can be formed and can be manufactured at low cost.

以下、ショルダ部３における変形例を示す。図７は第２実施例であり、上段（ａ）にショルダ部３の斜視図、中段（ｂ）にショルダ部３の底面視形状図、下段（ｃ）にショルダ部３の高さ変化を示すため上段に示す上下反転させた状態のショルダ部３を側方から示す図である。なお、以下の図８及び図９も同様の図面構成である。 Hereinafter, modifications of the shoulder portion 3 will be described. FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment, in which the upper stage (a) is a perspective view of the shoulder part 3, the middle stage (b) is a bottom view shape view of the shoulder part 3, and the lower stage (c) shows the height change of the shoulder part 3. Therefore, it is a figure which shows the shoulder part 3 of the state turned upside down shown in the upper stage from the side. The following FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 also have the same drawing configuration.

図７において、ショルダ部３の表面は全周方向へ連続する単一の傾斜面である押圧面２０で構成されるが、この押圧面２０は回転方向Ｂに対して先端８が最も低く、後端９が最も高くなるよう連続変化し、先端８と後端９は段差部７の上下に位置し、上下方向にて重なっている。しかも押圧面２０は外周側が高く、内周側が低くなるよう、径方向にても傾斜し、全体として３次元的に捩れた曲面をなしている。 In FIG. 7, the surface of the shoulder portion 3 is composed of a pressing surface 20 that is a single inclined surface continuous in the entire circumferential direction. The end 9 continuously changes so as to be the highest, and the front end 8 and the rear end 9 are positioned above and below the stepped portion 7 and overlap in the vertical direction. In addition, the pressing surface 20 is inclined even in the radial direction so that the outer peripheral side is higher and the inner peripheral side is lower, and forms a curved surface that is twisted three-dimensionally as a whole.

このようにしても、下段（ｃ）に示すように、ショルダ部３の表面は向かい角θを形成できるので、回転により接合材料の表面に接触する押圧面２０は、低い先端８から高い後端９に向かって次第に高くなるため、徐々に接合材料中へ食い込み、材料を流動化させつつ、押圧面２０の上を回転方向後方へ送り込み、最も高い後端９にて中心側の撹拌ピン４の周囲へ送り込む。したがって大量の流動化材料を送り込むことができるとともに、押圧面２０が径方向でも内側へ傾いているため、流動化材料を外側へ逃がさないように送り込むことができる。しかも押圧面２０を全周に亘って単一の面で構成するので、構造が簡単で製造も容易になる。 Even in this case, as shown in the lower stage (c), since the surface of the shoulder portion 3 can form an opposite angle θ, the pressing surface 20 that contacts the surface of the bonding material by rotation is changed from the low tip 8 to the high rear end. 9 gradually rises toward 9, gradually bites into the bonding material, fluidizes the material, feeds the upper surface of the pressing surface 20 backward in the rotational direction, and at the highest rear end 9, Send it to the surroundings. Accordingly, a large amount of fluidizing material can be fed, and since the pressing surface 20 is inclined inward in the radial direction, the fluidizing material can be fed so as not to escape to the outside. Moreover, since the pressing surface 20 is constituted by a single surface over the entire circumference, the structure is simple and the manufacture is facilitated.

図８は第３実施例であり、略半円状をなす第１押圧面３０及び第２押圧面３１からなる２面を備え、段差部３２で接続する。３３は側道部、３４は先端、３５は後端である。側道部３３は、各押圧面３０、３１の後端部分側外周部を部分的に切り欠くことにより、この切り欠き部３６の径方向外方に形成される。中段（ｂ）に明らかなように、切り欠き部３６は先端３４側から後端３５へ向かうほど中心側へ接近するように形成した円弧部をなし、後端３５側の径方向幅ｗは、後端３５に近いほど狭くなる。ｄは側道部３３の径方向幅であり、後端３５側ほど広くなる。 FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment, which includes two surfaces including a first pressing surface 30 and a second pressing surface 31 that are substantially semicircular, and are connected by a stepped portion 32. Reference numeral 33 denotes a side road portion, 34 denotes a front end, and 35 denotes a rear end. The side path portion 33 is formed radially outward of the notch portion 36 by partially notching the outer peripheral portion on the rear end portion side of each pressing surface 30, 31. As is clear from the middle stage (b), the notch 36 has an arc portion formed so as to approach the center side from the front end 34 side toward the rear end 35, and the radial width w on the rear end 35 side is: The closer to the rear end 35, the narrower it becomes. d is the radial width of the side path portion 33 and becomes wider toward the rear end 35 side.

側道部３３は後端３５の属する押圧面と別の押圧面に連続する。例えば、第２押圧面３１における後端３５の外周側に形成される側道部３３は、第１押圧面３０と連続し、第２押圧面３１の後端３５と段差をなしてその下方外周部へ傾斜して回り込み、先端３４に向かって次第に幅が狭くなり、やがて先端３４で消滅する。先端３４は回転方向先端部である。また他方側の側道部３３も同様構造をなす。
側道部３３と後端３５は段差部３２による段差をなし、この段差部３２の外側が側道部３３の開始部分となっている。各面の先端３４及び後端３５は撹拌ピン４を挟んで対称位置に形成されている。なお図中には、先端３４が最も低いのでＬを添え、後端３５が最も高いのでＨを添えて高低を示す。 The side path portion 33 continues to a pressing surface to which the rear end 35 belongs and another pressing surface. For example, the side path portion 33 formed on the outer peripheral side of the rear end 35 in the second pressing surface 31 is continuous with the first pressing surface 30 and forms a step with the rear end 35 of the second pressing surface 31 and the lower outer periphery thereof. Inclines to the part, gradually becomes narrower toward the tip 34, and eventually disappears at the tip 34. The tip 34 is a tip in the rotational direction. The other side road portion 33 has the same structure.
The side road portion 33 and the rear end 35 are stepped by the step portion 32, and the outside of the step portion 32 is the start portion of the side road portion 33. The front end 34 and the rear end 35 of each surface are formed at symmetrical positions with the stirring pin 4 interposed therebetween. In the figure, the leading end 34 is the lowest, so L is added, and the trailing end 35 is the highest, so H is added to indicate the height.

後端３５は側道部３３の分だけ狭くなっており、各押圧面３０及び３１は、後端３５の径方向外方における側道部３３の幅ｄは、先端３４と後端３５（最も径方向外側部分）との径差でもある。なお、各押圧面３０及び３１もそれぞれショルダ部３の径方向において、外周側が高く内周側が低くなるように傾斜し、全体として３次元的に捩れた曲面をなしている。 The rear end 35 is narrowed by an amount corresponding to the side path portion 33, and each of the pressing surfaces 30 and 31 has a width d of the side path portion 33 radially outward of the rear end 35. It is also the difference in diameter from the radially outer portion. Each of the pressing surfaces 30 and 31 also has a curved surface that is three-dimensionally twisted as a whole in such a manner that the outer peripheral side is higher and the inner peripheral side is lower in the radial direction of the shoulder portion 3.

このようにしても、下段（ｃ）に示すように、向かい角θを形成できることは同様であり、流動化材料を先端３４から後端３５へ向かって送り込むことができる。また、側道部３３を設けたことにより、一つの押圧面における先端３４から後端３５までの長さは半円以上に長くなるので、先端３４から後端３５まで長い経路でより多くの流動化材料を後端３５側へ送り込むことができ、後端部に達した流動化材料は、後端３５側の押圧面が内側へ狭められるため、徐々に内側へ集められ、やがて後端３５から確実に中心部へ送り込まれる。このとき、押圧面が径方向でも外周側から中心側へ傾斜するよう３次元の曲面をなしていることも流動化材料を中心部へ効率的に送り込むことに役立っている。
したがってより多くの流動化材料を確実に中心側へ送り込むことができるようになり、接合品質をより一層高めることができる。 Even in this case, as shown in the lower stage (c), it is the same that the opposite angle θ can be formed, and the fluidizing material can be fed from the front end 34 toward the rear end 35. Moreover, since the length from the front end 34 to the rear end 35 on one pressing surface is longer than a semicircle by providing the side path portion 33, more flow is achieved in a longer path from the front end 34 to the rear end 35. The fluidizing material can be fed to the rear end 35 side, and the fluidized material that has reached the rear end portion is gradually gathered inward because the pressing surface on the rear end 35 side is narrowed inward, and eventually from the rear end 35 Surely sent to the center. At this time, the fact that the pressing surface is formed in a three-dimensional curved surface so as to be inclined from the outer peripheral side to the center side in the radial direction is also useful for efficiently feeding the fluidizing material to the central portion.
Therefore, more fluidized material can be reliably fed to the center side, and the joining quality can be further improved.

なお、先端３４の位置は、中段（ｂ）に示すショルダ部の底面視形状において、後端３５と径差ｄをなすように、径方向に対して先端３４が外側、後端３５が内側になるよう内外に配置すればよく、先端３４が他方の押圧面側まで回り込む程度は自由に設定できる。 The position of the tip 34 is such that, in the bottom view shape of the shoulder portion shown in the middle stage (b), the tip 34 is on the outer side and the rear end 35 is on the inner side so as to form a diameter difference d with the rear end 35. As long as it is arranged inside and outside, the extent to which the tip 34 wraps around to the other pressing surface can be freely set.

図９は第４実施例であり、図７及び８における上段（ａ）及び中段（ｂ）に相当する部分のみを示し、下段（ｃ）に相当する部分は省略してある。
この例では、１２０°間隔で分割された３つの押圧面である、第１押圧面４０・第２押圧面４１・第３押圧面４２の各周方向一端を隣り合う押圧面の上へ段差部４３をなして順次重ねたものであり、この実施例でも、重なり合う２面の間で前記第３実施例同様の側道部４４を形成している。４５は先端、４６は切り欠き部である。 FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment, in which only the parts corresponding to the upper stage (a) and the middle stage (b) in FIGS. 7 and 8 are shown, and the part corresponding to the lower stage (c) is omitted.
In this example, a stepped portion is formed by three circumferentially extending ends of the first pressing surface 40, the second pressing surface 41, and the third pressing surface 42, which are three pressing surfaces divided at intervals of 120 °, on the adjacent pressing surfaces. In this embodiment as well, a side road portion 44 similar to that of the third embodiment is formed between two overlapping surfaces. 45 is a tip, and 46 is a notch.

各押圧面４０・４１・４２は回転方向へ向かって先端４５側が低く後端（段差４３に同じ）側が高くなるように連続変化する同様の傾斜面をなし、かつショルダ部３の径方向において、外周側が高く内周側が低くなるように傾斜し、全体として３次元的に捩れた曲面をなしている。このため、やはり向かい角θ（図８参照）を形成できる。しかもこの例では、回転方向において同様に傾斜する３つの押圧面を重ね合わせるため、ショルダ部３を容易に形成できる。 Each pressing surface 40, 41, 42 has a similar inclined surface that continuously changes so that the tip 45 side is low in the rotation direction and the rear end (same as the step 43) side is high, and in the radial direction of the shoulder portion 3, It is inclined so that the outer peripheral side is high and the inner peripheral side is low, and a curved surface twisted three-dimensionally as a whole is formed. Therefore, the opposite angle θ (see FIG. 8) can also be formed. In addition, in this example, the shoulder portion 3 can be easily formed because the three pressing surfaces similarly inclined in the rotation direction are overlapped.

なお、この場合押圧面は２面以上であれば、何面でも同様の傾斜面を形成できる。
また、第１、第３及び第４実施例のように、ショルダ部３を複数の押圧面で形成するため、摩擦撹拌ツール１で接合材料を押圧するとき、中心に対して複数の対称位置にて同じ高さで同時に押圧するから、中心線に沿って押圧力を均一にできる。このため作業が安定化し、摩擦撹拌される接合材料が均一化するので、接合性が安定し、接合品質が向上する。

In this case, as long as there are two or more pressing surfaces, the same inclined surface can be formed by any number of surfaces.
Further, as in the first, third, and fourth embodiments, the shoulder portion 3 is formed by a plurality of pressing surfaces, and therefore, when the bonding material is pressed by the friction stir tool 1, the plurality of symmetrical positions are set with respect to the center. Therefore, the pressing force can be made uniform along the center line. For this reason, the operation is stabilized, and the joining material subjected to friction stirring is made uniform, so that the joining property is stabilized and the joining quality is improved.

第１実施例に係る摩擦撹拌ツールの正面図Front view of the friction stir tool according to the first embodiment ショルダ部の底面視形状図Bottom view of the shoulder ショルダ部及び撹拌ピン部分を示す斜視図The perspective view which shows a shoulder part and a stirring pin part 図２の４−４線断面図Sectional view along line 4-4 in FIG. ショルダ部の形状変化を示す展開図Development view showing shoulder shape change 摩擦撹拌作業を示す図Diagram showing friction stir work 第２実施例のショルダ部を示す図The figure which shows the shoulder part of 2nd Example. 第３実施例に係る同上図Same as above for the third embodiment 第４実施例に係る同上図Same as above for the fourth embodiment 従来例の摩擦撹拌ツール等を示す図The figure which shows the friction stir tool etc. of the conventional example

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：摩擦撹拌ツール、２：本体部、３：ショルダ部、４：撹拌ピン、５：第１押圧面、６：第２押圧面、７：段差部、８：先端、９：後端、１２：接合線、２０：押圧面、３０：第１押圧面、３１：第２押圧面、３３：側道部、３４：先端、３５：後端、３６：切り欠き部、４０：第１押圧面、４１：第２押圧面、４２：第３押圧面、４３：段差部（後端）、４４：側道部、４５：先端、４６：切り欠き部 1: Friction stirring tool, 2: Main body, 3: Shoulder, 4: Stirring pin, 5: First pressing surface, 6: Second pressing surface, 7: Stepped portion, 8: Front end, 9: Rear end, 12 : Joining line, 20: Pressing surface, 30: First pressing surface, 31: Second pressing surface, 33: Side road portion, 34: Front end, 35: Rear end, 36: Notch portion, 40: First pressing surface , 41: second pressing surface, 42: third pressing surface, 43: stepped portion (rear end), 44: side road portion, 45: front end, 46: notched portion

Claims

棒状の本体部と、この本体部の軸方向端面に形成されて接合材料の表面へ当接するショルダ部と、このショルダ部の中心部から突出して接合材料中へ差し込まれる撹拌ピンとを備えた摩擦撹拌ツールにおいて、
前記ショルダ部を、回転するにしたがって次第に接合材料中へ深く食い込むよう全周に亘って高さが変化する押圧面で構成したことを特徴とする摩擦撹拌ツール。 Friction stirrer provided with a rod-shaped main body, a shoulder formed on the axial end surface of the main body and contacting the surface of the bonding material, and a stirring pin protruding from the center of the shoulder and inserted into the bonding material In the tool,
A friction stir tool characterized in that the shoulder portion is constituted by a pressing surface whose height changes over the entire circumference so as to deeply penetrate into the bonding material as it rotates.

前記押圧面は、前記ショルダ部の表面全周にて単一の面で構成されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載した摩擦撹拌ツール。 The friction stir tool according to claim 1, wherein the pressing surface is constituted by a single surface all around the surface of the shoulder portion.

前記押圧面は、前記ショルダ部の表面全周にて２面以上の面で構成されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載した摩擦撹拌ツール。 2. The friction stir tool according to claim 1, wherein the pressing surface includes two or more surfaces around the entire surface of the shoulder portion.

前記押圧面は、前記ショルダ部の表面全周にて２面以上の面で構成され、各押圧面は回転方向後方側の幅が、徐々に狭くなって外周側が中心側へ近づくように変化するとともに、他の押圧面と径方向にて重なることを特徴とする請求項１に記載した摩擦撹拌ツール。 The pressing surface is composed of two or more surfaces in the entire circumference of the shoulder portion, and each pressing surface changes so that the width on the rear side in the rotation direction is gradually narrowed and the outer peripheral side approaches the center side. In addition, the friction stir tool according to claim 1, wherein the friction stir tool overlaps with another pressing surface in a radial direction.

前記押圧面は、径方向でも外周から中心へ向かって傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載した摩擦撹拌ツール。 The friction stir tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressing surface is inclined in the radial direction from the outer periphery toward the center.