JP2008289963A - Contaminated soil treatment system and treating method - Google Patents

Contaminated soil treatment system and treating method Download PDF

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JP2008289963A
JP2008289963A JP2007135925A JP2007135925A JP2008289963A JP 2008289963 A JP2008289963 A JP 2008289963A JP 2007135925 A JP2007135925 A JP 2007135925A JP 2007135925 A JP2007135925 A JP 2007135925A JP 2008289963 A JP2008289963 A JP 2008289963A
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Itaru Onishi
格 大西
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a contaminated soil treatment system which easily and inexpensively cleans contaminated soil containing harmful substances without using water, and can reuse the cleaned soil, and a treating method. <P>SOLUTION: The treatment system 1 is provided with a mixing means (mixing device 2) mixing the contaminated soil with unslaked lime to obtain treated soil; a first classifying means (first vibration screen 3) classifying the treated soil obtained in the mixing means; a crushing means (crushing device 4) crushing the treated soil in the give range of particle sizes classified by the first classifying means; and a second classifying means (second vibration screen 5). The mixing means and crushing means share the same apparatus. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、汚染土壌の処理システム及び処理方法に関し、更に詳しくは、水を使うことなく有害物質を含む汚染土壌を簡易且つ安価に浄化すると共に浄化後の土壌を再利用することができる汚染土壌の処理システム及び処理方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a contaminated soil treatment system and treatment method, and more particularly, contaminated soil that can purify contaminated soil containing harmful substances easily and inexpensively without using water, and can reuse the purified soil. The present invention relates to a processing system and a processing method.

近年、有害物質を含む汚染土壌に対しては環境問題の改善と土地の再利用の両面から浄化することが要望されている。
そして、従来の土壌浄化技術としては、洗浄法及び洗浄・加熱法が一般的に知られている。
上記洗浄法では、汚染土壌に対して水洗、分級が繰り返される。
また、上記洗浄・加熱処理では、汚染土壌に対して、水洗後に、ロータリーキルン等で１０００℃〜１２００℃程度の熱を加えて有害物質が除去される。 In recent years, there has been a demand for purification of contaminated soil containing toxic substances from both the viewpoints of environmental problems and land reuse.
As a conventional soil purification technique, a cleaning method and a cleaning / heating method are generally known.
In the above washing method, washing and classification are repeated for the contaminated soil.
Moreover, in the said washing | cleaning and heat processing, about 1000 degreeC-about 1200 degreeC heat | fever is applied to a contaminated soil after water washing with a rotary kiln etc., and a harmful substance is removed.

特開２００５−２１９０１９号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-219019 特開２００２−２５４０６号公報JP 2002-25406 A

しかし、上記従来の洗浄法では、汚染土壌を構成する砂、礫の表面に付着する粘土及び有害物質を除去するために、大量の水を使用する必要がある。また、水洗後に異物が溶け込んだ大量の濁水が発生してしまう。その結果、その濁水をそのまま河川や海に流すと環境汚染を招くため、濁水処理設備が必要となり、製造コストが嵩むこととなる。
また、上記従来の洗浄・加熱法では、大型のロータリーキルン等の加熱設備が必要となり、そのランニングコストも高くなり、やはり製造コストが嵩むこととなる。また、オイル分を扱う埋地では加熱設備を設けることが困難である。 However, in the conventional cleaning method described above, it is necessary to use a large amount of water in order to remove the sand constituting the contaminated soil, clay adhering to the surface of the gravel, and harmful substances. In addition, a large amount of muddy water in which foreign matters are dissolved after washing with water is generated. As a result, if the muddy water is flowed as it is to a river or the sea, environmental pollution is caused, so a muddy water treatment facility is required and the manufacturing cost increases.
In addition, the conventional cleaning / heating method requires a heating facility such as a large rotary kiln, which increases the running cost and increases the manufacturing cost. In addition, it is difficult to provide a heating facility in a land that handles oil.

本発明は、上記現状に鑑みてなされたものであり、使用水量を必要最小限に抑えて有害物質を含む汚染土壌を簡易且つ安価に浄化することができる汚染土壌の処理システム及び処理方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described situation, and provides a treatment system and a treatment method for contaminated soil that can purify contaminated soil containing harmful substances by reducing the amount of water used to the minimum necessary and at a low cost. The purpose is to do.

本発明は、以下の通りである。
１．汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土を得る混合手段と、前記混合手段で得られた処理土を分級する第１分級手段と、前記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を破砕する破砕手段と、前記破砕手段で破砕された処理土を分級する第２分級手段と、を備え、前記混合手段及び前記破砕手段は同一装置を兼用して成ることを特徴とする汚染土壌の処理システム。
２．前記第１分級手段は、前記混合手段で得られた処理土を養生した後に分級する上記１．記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。
３．前記破砕手段は、前記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を養生した後に破砕する上記１．記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。
４．前記混合手段は、前記汚染土壌に、その汚染土壌の重量の０．７〜５％の重量の生石灰を混合して処理土を得る上記１．乃至上記３．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。
５．前記第２分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を水洗する水洗手段を更に備える上記１．乃至上記４．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。
６．前記第２分級手段は前記処理土を石と土に分級するものであり、前記石を再利用するための石再利用手段と、前記土を再利用するための土再利用手段と、を更に備える上記１．乃至上記５．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。
７．前記混合手段及び前記破砕手段を兼用する前記装置は、回転軸と、該回転軸と平行な軸により該回転軸の周面に旋回可能に設けられたロータリハンマーと、を有しており、該回転軸の回転によって前記ロータリハンマーが旋回しながら回転するものであり、供給される処理土を前記ロータリハンマーに衝突させて混合又は破砕するように構成されている上記１．乃至上記６．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。
８．上記１．乃至上記７．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理システムを用いる汚染土壌の処理方法であって、前記混合手段によって、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土を得る混合工程と、前記処理土を放置して生石灰を硬化させる養生工程と、前記第１分級手段によって、その養生後の処理土を分級する第１分級工程と、前記破砕手段によって、前記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を破砕する破砕工程と、前記第２分級手段によって、前記破砕手段で破砕された処理土を分級する第２分級工程と、を備え、前記混合工程及び前記破砕工程は同一装置で行うことを特徴とする汚染土壌の処理方法。
９．上記１．乃至上記７．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理システムを用いる汚染土壌の処理方法であって、前記混合手段によって、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土を得る混合工程と、前記第１分級手段によって、その得られた処理土を分級する第１分級工程と、前記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を放置して生石灰を硬化させる養生工程と、前記破砕手段によって、その養生後の処理土を破砕する破砕工程と、前記第２分級手段によって、前記破砕手段で破砕された処理土を分級する第２分級工程と、を備え、前記混合工程及び前記破砕工程は同一装置で行うことを特徴とする汚染土壌の処理方法。
１０．前記養生工程では、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合してから２０〜３０℃で２〜４日放置して処理土が得られる上記８．又は上記９．に記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。
１１．前記混合工程では、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して、礫及び／又は砂の表面に粘土分が付着してなる粒状塊を含む処理土が得られ、前記破砕工程では、前記処理土に含まれる前記粒状塊の粘土分が破砕される上記８．乃至上記１０．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。
１２．上記５．記載の水洗手段によって、前記第２分級工程で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を水洗する水洗工程を更に備える上記８．乃至上記１１．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。
１３．前記第２分級工程は前記処理土を石と土に分級するものであり、上記６．記載の石再利用手段によって前記第２分級工程で分級された石を再利用する石再利用工程と、上記６．記載の土再利用手段によって前記第２分級工程で分級された土を再利用する石再利用工程と、を更に備える上記８．乃至上記１２．のいずれかに記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。 The present invention is as follows.
1. Mixing means for obtaining treated soil by mixing quick lime with contaminated soil, first classification means for classifying treated soil obtained by the mixing means, and treatment of a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classifying means A contamination characterized by comprising a crushing means for crushing the soil and a second classification means for classifying the treated soil crushed by the crushing means, wherein the mixing means and the crushing means serve as the same device. Soil treatment system.
2. The first classification means performs classification after curing the treated soil obtained by the mixing means. The contaminated soil treatment system described.
3. The said crushing means crushes after treating the treated soil of the predetermined particle size range classified by the said 1st classification means. The contaminated soil treatment system described.
4). The mixing means mixes the contaminated soil with quick lime having a weight of 0.7 to 5% of the weight of the contaminated soil to obtain treated soil. Thru 3. The processing method of the contaminated soil in any one of.
5. 1. The above-described 1. further comprising water washing means for washing the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the second classification means. Thru 4. The contaminated soil treatment system according to any one of the above.
6). The second classifying means classifies the treated soil into stone and soil, and further comprises: a stone reusing means for reusing the stone; and a soil reusing means for reusing the soil. Provided above 1. Thru 5. The contaminated soil treatment system according to any one of the above.
7). The device that serves both as the mixing means and the crushing means has a rotary shaft, and a rotary hammer provided on a peripheral surface of the rotary shaft by an axis parallel to the rotary shaft. The rotary hammer rotates while rotating by a rotating shaft, and is configured to collide or crush the supplied treated soil by colliding with the rotary hammer. Thru 6. The contaminated soil treatment system according to any one of the above.
8). Above 1. Thru 7. A method of treating contaminated soil using the contaminated soil treatment system according to any one of the above, wherein the mixing means obtains treated soil by mixing quick lime with the contaminated soil; A curing step for curing quicklime, a first classification step for classifying treated soil after the curing by the first classification unit, and a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classification unit by the crushing unit. A crushing step for crushing the treated soil, and a second classification step for classifying the treated soil crushed by the crushing means by the second classification means, and the mixing step and the crushing step are performed in the same apparatus. A method for treating contaminated soil.
9. Above 1. Thru 7. A contaminated soil treatment method using the contaminated soil treatment system according to any one of the above, by the mixing means, by mixing the contaminated soil with quick lime to obtain treated soil, and by the first classification means, The first classification step of classifying the obtained treated soil, the curing step of leaving the treated soil of the predetermined particle size range classified by the first classification means to cure quicklime, and the crushing means, A crushing step for crushing the treated soil after curing, and a second classification step for classifying the treated soil crushed by the crushing means by the second classification means, wherein the mixing step and the crushing step are the same device A method for treating contaminated soil, characterized in that
10. In the curing step, quick lime is mixed with the contaminated soil and then left at 20 to 30 ° C. for 2 to 4 days to obtain treated soil. Or 9. A method for treating contaminated soil as described in 1.
11. In the mixing step, quick lime is mixed with the contaminated soil to obtain a treated soil containing a granular lump formed by adhering clay to the surface of gravel and / or sand. In the crushing step, the treated soil includes the treated soil. The above-mentioned 8. The clay of the granular mass is crushed. Thru 10. The processing method of the contaminated soil in any one of.
12 5. above. The water washing step of washing the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified in the second classification step with the water washing means described above is further provided. Thru 11. The processing method of the contaminated soil in any one of.
13. In the second classification step, the treated soil is classified into stone and soil. 5. a stone recycling step for recycling stones classified in the second classification step by the stone recycling means described above; 7. a stone reuse step for reusing the soil classified in the second classification step by the soil reuse means described above. To 12. The processing method of the contaminated soil in any one of.

本発明の汚染土壌の処理システムによれば、混合手段によって汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土が得られ、第１分級手段によって混合手段で得られた処理土が分級され、破砕手段によって第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土が破砕され、第２分級手段によって破砕手段で破砕された処理土が分級される。
本処理システムでは、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して得られる処理土は、生石灰と粘土とのポラゾン反応によって、主に礫及び／又は砂の表面に粘土が付着してなり適当な軟らかさを持つ湿潤状態の粒状塊（だま）を大量に含むこととなる。そして、その粒状塊を含む処理土を分級後に破砕し再度分級しているので、破砕の際には、粒状塊を構成する礫及び／又は砂の破砕を抑制しつつ主に粘土分が好適に破砕されて除去される。また、各分級の際には、粘土分が好適に除去される。その結果、使用水量を必要最小限に抑えて汚染土壌を簡易且つ安価に浄化することができ、更には浄化後の礫及び／又は砂あるいは粘土の再利用を図ることができる。
また、本処理システムでは、混合手段及び破砕手段は同一装置を兼用して成るようにしている。このため、混合手段及び破砕手段が別個である場合に比べて装置全体を小型化できるので、本処理システムを移動式にして汚染土壌が得られる現場で処理作業することができるようになる。これにより、従来のように汚染土壌を遠方の処理場まで運搬する必要がなくなるので、運搬コストを削減することができる。
また、混合手段及び破砕手段を同一装置で兼用していることから、混合手段によっても汚染土壌をある程度粉砕することができるようになる。このため、汚染土壌と生石灰を十分に混合できるようになると共に、大きな石を混合手段において粉砕して石の大きさの標準化を図り、最終的に再利用の歩留りを上げることができる。 According to the contaminated soil treatment system of the present invention, the treated soil is obtained by mixing quick lime with the contaminated soil by the mixing means, the treated soil obtained by the mixing means is classified by the first classifying means, and the first soil by the crushing means. The treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classifying means is crushed, and the treated soil crushed by the crushing means is classified by the second classifying means.
In this treatment system, the treated soil obtained by mixing quick lime with contaminated soil has an appropriate softness mainly due to the clay adhering to the surface of gravel and / or sand due to the Polazone reaction between quick lime and clay. It will contain a large amount of wet granular lump. And since the treated soil containing the granular lump is crushed and classified again after classification, the clay component is mainly suitable for the crushing while suppressing crushing of gravel and / or sand constituting the granular lump. It is crushed and removed. Moreover, the clay component is suitably removed during each classification. As a result, the amount of water used can be minimized and the contaminated soil can be purified easily and inexpensively, and further, the recycled gravel and / or sand or clay can be reused.
Moreover, in this processing system, the mixing means and the crushing means are configured to share the same apparatus. For this reason, since the whole apparatus can be reduced in size compared with the case where a mixing means and a crushing means are separate, this processing system can be made mobile and it can be processed on the spot where contaminated soil is obtained. This eliminates the need to transport the contaminated soil to a distant treatment plant as in the prior art, thereby reducing the transportation cost.
Further, since the mixing device and the crushing device are used in the same apparatus, the contaminated soil can be pulverized to some extent by the mixing device. For this reason, the contaminated soil and quicklime can be sufficiently mixed, and a large stone is pulverized by the mixing means to standardize the size of the stone, and finally the yield of reuse can be increased.

更に、混合手段で得られた処理土を養生した後に第１分級手段が分級する場合は、養生して石灰が硬化した後に分級するので、分級の精度を高めることができ、礫、砂、粘土をそれぞれ再利用するために有効である。
また、第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を養生した後に破砕手段が破砕する場合は、予め石灰が硬化する前に処理土を分級して、処理が不要な石等を除くことができる。
また、混合手段において、汚染土壌に、その汚染土壌の重量の０．７〜５％の重量の生石灰を混合して処理土が得られる場合は、処理土の中に、より適当な軟らかさを持つ湿潤状態の粒状塊（だま）をより大量に含ませることができる。その結果、破砕の際には、粒状塊を構成する礫及び／又は砂の破砕を抑制しつつ主に粘土分をより好適に破砕できる。
また、第２分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を水洗する水洗手段を更に備える場合は、水洗対象を最小限に抑えているので、従来の洗浄法のように多量の水を使う必要がなく、使用水量を必要最小限に抑制しつつ六価クロム等の有害物質が好適に除去される。
また、第２分級手段は前記処理土を石と土に分級するものであり、石を再利用するための石再利用手段と、土を再利用するための土再利用手段と、を更に備える場合、汚染土壌を浄化してから再利用することができるようになる。しかも、処理土が石と土に分けられるので、土の重量を減らすことができ運搬コストを低減できる。
また、混合手段及び破砕手段を兼用する装置は、回転軸と、該回転軸と平行な軸により該回転軸の周面に旋回可能に設けられたロータリハンマーと、を有しており、該回転軸の回転によって前記ロータリハンマーが旋回しながら回転するものであり、供給される処理土を前記ロータリハンマーに衝突させて混合又は破砕するように構成されている場合は、この装置を混合手段として利用する際は回転軸を低速回転させ、破砕手段として利用する際は高速回転させる。これにより、混合時には汚染土壌の大きな塊を選択的に破砕して大きさを標準化して生石灰との混合を効果的に行うことができると共に、破砕時には粒状塊を構成する礫及び／又は砂の破砕を抑制しつつ主に粘土分をより確実に破砕できる。 Furthermore, when the first classification means is classified after curing the treated soil obtained by the mixing means, classification is performed after curing and hardening of the lime, so that the classification accuracy can be improved, and gravel, sand, clay It is effective to reuse each.
Moreover, when the crushing means crushes after curing the treated soil of the predetermined particle size range classified by the first classifying means, the treated soil is classified before the lime is hardened in advance, and so on. Can be excluded.
In addition, in the mixing means, when the treated soil is obtained by mixing the contaminated soil with quick lime having a weight of 0.7 to 5% of the weight of the contaminated soil, a more appropriate softness is added to the treated soil. It is possible to contain a larger amount of wet granular lump (dama). As a result, at the time of crushing, it is possible to more suitably crush mainly the clay component while suppressing crushing of gravel and / or sand constituting the granular mass.
In addition, in the case of further comprising a water washing means for washing the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the second classification means, since the number of water washing objects is minimized, a large amount of water is used as in the conventional washing method. No harmful substances such as hexavalent chromium are preferably removed while suppressing the amount of water used to the minimum necessary.
The second classifying means classifies the treated soil into stones and soils, and further includes stone reuse means for reusing the stones and soil reuse means for reusing the soils. In this case, the contaminated soil can be purified and reused. Moreover, since the treated soil is divided into stone and soil, the weight of the soil can be reduced and the transportation cost can be reduced.
An apparatus that also serves as a mixing means and a crushing means has a rotating shaft and a rotary hammer that is provided on a peripheral surface of the rotating shaft so as to be pivotable by an axis parallel to the rotating shaft. When the rotary hammer rotates while rotating by a shaft and is configured to mix or crush the supplied treated soil by colliding with the rotary hammer, this device is used as a mixing means. When rotating, the rotating shaft is rotated at a low speed, and when used as a crushing means, it is rotated at a high speed. As a result, a large lump of contaminated soil can be selectively crushed at the time of mixing, and the size can be standardized and mixed with quick lime effectively. At the time of crushing, gravel and / or sand constituting the granular lump can be effectively obtained. Mainly clay can be more reliably crushed while crushing is suppressed.

本発明の汚染土壌の処理方法によれば、混合手段によって汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土が得られ、処理土が放置されて養生され生石灰が硬化し、第１分級手段によってその養生後の処理土が分級され、破砕手段によって第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土が破砕され、第２分級手段によって破砕手段で破砕された処理土が分級される。
本処理方法では、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して得られる処理土は、生石灰と粘土とのポラゾン反応によって、主に礫及び／又は砂の表面に粘土が付着してなり適当な軟らかさを持つ湿潤状態の粒状塊（だま）を大量に含むこととなる。そして、その粒状塊を含む処理土を分級後に破砕し再度分級するようにしているので、破砕の際には、粒状塊を構成する礫及び／又は砂の破砕を抑制しつつ主に粘土分が好適に破砕されて除去される。また、各分級の際には、粘土分が好適に除去される。その結果、使用水量を必要最小限に抑えて汚染土壌を簡易且つ安価に浄化することができ、更には浄化後の礫及び／又は砂あるいは粘土の再利用を図ることができる。
また、混合手段で得られた処理土を養生して石灰が硬化した後に第１分級手段が分級するので、分級の精度を高めることができ、礫、砂、粘土をそれぞれ再利用するために有効である。
更に、第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を養生した後に破砕手段が破砕する場合は、予め石灰が硬化する前に処理土を分級して、処理が不要な石等を除くことができる。
また、前記処理土を得る工程において、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合してから２０〜３０℃で２〜４日放置して処理土が得られる場合は、処理土の中に、より適当な軟らかさを持つ湿潤状態の粒状塊（だま）をより大量に含ませることができる。その結果、破砕の際には、粒状塊を構成する礫及び／又は砂の破砕を抑制しつつ主に粘土分をより好適に破砕できる。
更に、前記処理土を得る工程において、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して、礫及び／又は砂の表面に粘土分が付着してなる粒状塊を含む処理土が得られ、前記処理土を破砕する工程において、前記処理土に含まれる前記粒状塊の粘土分が破砕される場合は、粒状塊を構成する礫及び／又は砂の破砕を抑制しつつ主に粘土分をより確実に破砕できる。
また、前記第２分級工程で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を水洗する水洗工程を更に備える場合は、水洗対象を最小限に抑えているので、従来の洗浄法のように多量の水を使う必要がなく、使用水量を必要最小限に抑制しつつ六価クロム等の有害物質が好適に除去される。
更に、石再利用手段によって前記第２分級工程で分級された石を再利用する石再利用工程と、土再利用手段によって前記第２分級工程で分級された土を再利用する石再利用工程と、を更に備える場合は、汚染土壌を浄化してから再利用することができるようになる。しかも、処理土が石と土に分けられるので、土の重量を減らすことができ運搬コストを低減できる。 According to the method for treating contaminated soil of the present invention, the treated soil is obtained by mixing the contaminated soil with the contaminated soil by the mixing means, the treated soil is left to be cured and the quicklime is cured, and after the curing by the first classifying means. The treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classifying means is crushed by the crushing means, and the treated soil crushed by the crushing means is classified by the second classifying means.
In this treatment method, the treated soil obtained by mixing quick lime with contaminated soil has an appropriate softness mainly due to the clay adhering to the surface of gravel and / or sand due to the Polazone reaction between quick lime and clay. It will contain a large amount of wet granular lump. Since the treated soil containing the granular lump is crushed and classified again after classification, the clay content is mainly reduced while crushing gravel and / or sand constituting the granular lump. Preferably it is crushed and removed. Moreover, the clay component is suitably removed during each classification. As a result, the amount of water used can be minimized and the contaminated soil can be purified easily and inexpensively, and further, the recycled gravel and / or sand or clay can be reused.
In addition, after the treated soil obtained by the mixing means is cured and the lime is hardened, the first classification means classifies, so that the classification accuracy can be improved and effective for reusing gravel, sand and clay respectively. It is.
Furthermore, when the crushing means crushes after curing the treated soil of the predetermined particle size range classified by the first classifying means, the treated soil is classified before the lime is hardened in advance, and so on. Can be excluded.
Further, in the step of obtaining the treated soil, when the treated soil is obtained by mixing quick lime with the contaminated soil and leaving it at 20 to 30 ° C. for 2 to 4 days, the treated soil is more appropriate softness. It is possible to contain a larger amount of a granular lump (dama) in a wet state. As a result, at the time of crushing, it is possible to more suitably crush mainly the clay component while suppressing crushing of gravel and / or sand constituting the granular mass.
Furthermore, in the step of obtaining the treated soil, quick lime is mixed with the contaminated soil to obtain treated soil containing a granular lump in which clay is attached to the surface of gravel and / or sand, and the treated soil is crushed. In the step, when the clay content of the granular lump contained in the treated soil is crushed, mainly the clay content can be crushed more reliably while crushing gravel and / or sand constituting the granular lump is suppressed.
In addition, in the case of further comprising a water washing step of washing the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified in the second classification step, since the number of washing objects is minimized, a large amount of water is required as in the conventional washing method. There is no need to use water, and harmful substances such as hexavalent chromium are suitably removed while keeping the amount of water used to a minimum.
Furthermore, a stone reuse step for reusing the stone classified in the second classification step by the stone reuse means, and a stone reuse step for reusing the soil classified in the second classification step by the soil reuse means. When the above are further provided, the contaminated soil can be purified and reused. Moreover, since the treated soil is divided into stone and soil, the weight of the soil can be reduced and the transportation cost can be reduced.

１．汚染土壌の処理システム
本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の処理システムは、以下に述べる混合手段、第１分級手段、破砕手段、第２分級手段を備える。この処理システムは、例えば、後述の水洗手段、石再利用手段、土再利用手段を更に備えることができる。 1. Contaminated soil treatment system The contaminated soil treatment system according to the present embodiment includes a mixing means, a first classification means, a crushing means, and a second classification means described below. This processing system can further include, for example, water washing means, stone reuse means, and soil reuse means, which will be described later.

上記「混合手段」は、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合するための手段である限り、その構成、混合形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。生石灰の添加量としては、例えば、汚染土壌の重量の０．７〜５％（好ましくは０．８〜３．５％、より好ましくは０．９〜２％）の重量とすることができる。また、処理土は、例えば、混合手段による混合後、あるいは第１分級手段による分級後に、２０〜３０℃で２〜４日（好ましくは３日）放置して得ることができる。
上記「破砕手段」は、上記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を破砕する限り、その破砕形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。
上記所定の粒径範囲は、３ｍｍ〜１００ｍｍ（より好ましくは１０ｍｍ〜６０ｍｍ）であることが好ましい。比較的大径の礫及び／又は砂を効率良く浄化するためである。 As long as the “mixing means” is a means for mixing quicklime with the contaminated soil, the configuration, mixing form, timing, etc. are not particularly limited. The amount of quicklime added can be, for example, 0.7 to 5% (preferably 0.8 to 3.5%, more preferably 0.9 to 2%) of the contaminated soil. The treated soil can be obtained, for example, by leaving it at 20 to 30 ° C. for 2 to 4 days (preferably 3 days) after mixing by the mixing means or after classification by the first classification means.
As long as the “crushing means” crushes the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classification means, the crushing form, timing and the like are not particularly limited.
The predetermined particle size range is preferably 3 mm to 100 mm (more preferably 10 mm to 60 mm). This is for efficiently purifying relatively large diameter gravel and / or sand.

上記混合手段及び上記破砕手段を兼用する装置は、例えば、回転軸と、該回転軸と平行な軸により該回転軸の周面に旋回可能に設けられたロータリハンマーと、を有しており、該回転軸の回転によって前記ロータリハンマーが旋回しながら回転するものであり、供給される処理土を前記ロータリハンマーに衝突させて混合又は破砕するように構成されていることができる。この装置を混合手段として利用する際は回転軸を低速回転させ、破砕手段として利用する際は高速回転させることができる。   The apparatus that serves as both the mixing means and the crushing means has, for example, a rotary shaft and a rotary hammer that is provided on the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft so as to be pivotable by an axis parallel to the rotary shaft. The rotary hammer rotates while the rotary shaft rotates, and can be configured to collide or crush the supplied treated soil by colliding with the rotary hammer. When this apparatus is used as a mixing means, the rotating shaft can be rotated at a low speed, and when used as a crushing means, it can be rotated at a high speed.

上記「第１分級手段」は、混合手段で混合されて得られる処理土を分級する限り、その分級形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。
上記第１分級手段としては、例えば、振動ふるい、振動スクリーン、ジャンピングスクリーン、遠心分級機等を挙げることができる。
上記「第２分級手段」は、上記破砕手段で破砕された処理土を分級する限り、その分級形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。
上記第２分級手段としては、例えば、振動ふるい、振動スクリーン、ジャンピングスクリーン、遠心分級機等を挙げることができる。 As long as the “first classification means” classifies the treated soil obtained by mixing with the mixing means, the classification form, timing, etc. are not particularly limited.
Examples of the first classifying means include a vibrating screen, a vibrating screen, a jumping screen, and a centrifugal classifier.
As long as the “second classifying means” classifies the treated soil crushed by the crushing means, the classification form, timing, etc. are not particularly limited.
Examples of the second classifying means include a vibrating screen, a vibrating screen, a jumping screen, and a centrifugal classifier.

上記「水洗手段」は、上記第２分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土（主に礫及び／又は砂からなる処理物）を水洗する限り、その水洗形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。
上記所定の粒径範囲は、５ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍであることが好ましい。標準化された均一な大きさの礫及び／又は砂を効率良く浄化するためである。上記水洗手段としては、例えば、ロックウォッシャ、ドラムウォッシャ等を挙げることができる。ここで、水洗手段で使用される先浄水の量が、前記第２分級手段で分級された処理土１００ｔに対して５０Ｌ〜５０００Ｌにすることにより、水洗装置で使用される洗浄水の使用水量を更に抑制できる。 As long as the above-mentioned “water washing means” is to wash the treated soil (treated mainly composed of gravel and / or sand) having a predetermined particle size range classified by the second classification means, It doesn't matter.
The predetermined particle size range is preferably 5 mm to 10 mm. This is for efficiently purifying standardized and uniform size gravel and / or sand. Examples of the water washing means include a lock washer and a drum washer. Here, the amount of pre-purified water used in the water washing means is 50 L to 5000 L with respect to the treated soil 100 t classified by the second classification means, thereby reducing the amount of water used in the washing water used in the water washing apparatus. Further suppression is possible.

ここで、例えば、上記第１分級手段で分級される所定の粒径範囲の上限値は、上記第２分級手段で分級される所定の粒径範囲の上限値より大きな値に設定されており、第１分級手段で分級される所定の粒径範囲の下限値が、第２分級手段で分級される所定の粒径範囲の下限値と同じ値に設定されていることができる。これにより、比較的大径の礫及び／又は砂を更に効率良く浄化できる。   Here, for example, the upper limit value of the predetermined particle size range classified by the first classification means is set to a value larger than the upper limit value of the predetermined particle size range classified by the second classification means, The lower limit value of the predetermined particle size range classified by the first classification means can be set to the same value as the lower limit value of the predetermined particle size range classified by the second classification means. Thereby, relatively large-diameter gravel and / or sand can be purified more efficiently.

上記「石再利用手段」は、第２分級手段で分級された石を再利用する限り、その再利用形態などは問わない。上記石再生手段は、例えば、路盤材としての再利用であることができる。
上記「土再利用手段」は、第２分級手段で分級された土を再利用する限り、その再利用形態などは問わない。上記土再生手段は、例えば、セメント工場におけるセメント材料としての再利用であることができる。 As long as the above-mentioned “stone reuse means” reuses the stones classified by the second classification means, the reuse form is not limited. The stone recycling means can be reused as a roadbed material, for example.
The “soil reuse means” is not limited in its reuse form as long as the soil classified by the second classification means is reused. The soil reclamation means can be reused as a cement material in a cement factory, for example.

２．汚染土壌の処理方法
本実施形態に係る汚染土壌の処理方法は、上述の実施形態１．の汚染土壌の処理システムを用いる汚染土壌の処理方法であって、以下に述べる混合工程、養生工程、第１分級工程、破砕工程、第２分級工程を備える。この処理方法は、例えば、後述の水洗工程、石再利用工程、土再利用工程を更に備えることができる。 2. Contaminated Soil Treatment Method The contaminated soil treatment method according to this embodiment is the same as that described in the first embodiment. It is the processing method of the contaminated soil using the processing system of contaminated soil, Comprising: The mixing process described below, a curing process, a 1st classification process, a crushing process, and a 2nd classification process are provided. This treatment method can further include, for example, a water washing step, a stone reuse step, and a soil reuse step, which will be described later.

上記「混合工程」は、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土を得る工程である限り、その取得形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。この混合工程では、例えば、汚染土壌に、その汚染土壌の重量の０．７〜５％（好ましくは０．８〜３．５％、より好ましくは０．９〜２％）の重量の生石灰を混合して処理土を得ることができる。
上記「養生工程」は、処理土を放置して生石灰を硬化させる工程である限り、その放置形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。この養生工程では、例えば、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合してから２０〜３０℃で２〜４日（好ましくは３日）放置して処理土を得ることができる。
上記「第１分級工程」は、上記第１分級手段によって、その得られた処理土を分級する工程である限り、その分級形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。
上記「破砕工程」は、上記破砕手段によって、第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を破砕する工程である限り、その破砕形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。
上記「第２分級工程」は、上記第２分級手段によって、破砕手段で破砕された処理土を分級する工程である限り、その分級形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。
ここで、上記混合工程では、例えば、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して、礫及び／又は砂の表面に粘土分が付着してなる粒状塊を含む処理土が得られ、上記破砕工程では、前記処理土に含まれる前記粒状塊が破砕されて礫及び／又は砂の表面から粘土分が分離されることができる。 As long as the “mixing step” is a step of mixing treated lime with contaminated soil to obtain treated soil, the acquisition form, timing, etc. are not particularly limited. In this mixing step, for example, quick lime having a weight of 0.7 to 5% (preferably 0.8 to 3.5%, more preferably 0.9 to 2%) of the weight of the contaminated soil is added to the contaminated soil. The treated soil can be obtained by mixing.
As long as the “curing step” is a step of leaving the treated soil to harden the quicklime, its leaving form, timing, etc. are not particularly limited. In this curing process, for example, quick lime is mixed with the contaminated soil and then left at 20 to 30 ° C. for 2 to 4 days (preferably 3 days) to obtain treated soil.
As long as the “first classification step” is a step of classifying the obtained treated soil by the first classification means, the classification form, timing, and the like are not particularly limited.
As long as the “crushing step” is a step of crushing the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classification unit by the crushing unit, the crushing form, timing, etc. are not particularly limited.
As long as the “second classification step” is a step of classifying the treated soil crushed by the crushing means by the second classification means, the classification form, timing, etc. are not particularly limited.
Here, in the mixing step, for example, quick lime is mixed with the contaminated soil to obtain a treated soil containing a granular lump formed by adhering clay on the surface of gravel and / or sand. In the crushing step, The granular mass contained in the treated soil can be crushed to separate the clay from the surface of the gravel and / or sand.

上記「水洗工程」は、上記水洗手段によって、第２分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土（主に礫及び／又は砂からなる処理物）を水洗する工程である限り、その水洗形態、タイミング等は特に問わない。
また、上記水洗工程では、例えば、上記第２分級手段で分級された処理土（主に、礫及び／又は砂からなる処理物）１００ｔに対して５０〜５０００Ｌ（好ましくは７０〜１０００Ｌ、より好ましくは１００〜５００Ｌ）の先浄水を使用することができる。 As long as the “water washing step” is a step of washing the treated soil (mainly composed of gravel and / or sand) having a predetermined particle size range classified by the second classifying means with the water washing means, There is no particular limitation on the washing type, timing, and the like.
Moreover, in the said water-washing process, 50-5000L (preferably 70-1000L, more preferably) with respect to 100t of the treated soil classified by the said 2nd classification means (the processed material which mainly consists of gravel and / or sand), for example. 100-500 L) of pre-purified water can be used.

上記「石再利用工程」は、第２分級工程で分級された石を再利用する限り、その再利用形態などは問わない。上記石再生工程は、例えば、路盤材としての再利用であることができる。
上記「土再利用工程」は、第２分級工程で分級された土を再利用する限り、その再利用形態などは問わない。上記土再生工程は、例えば、セメント工場におけるセメント材料としての再利用であることができる。 As long as the stone classified in the second classification step is reused, the form of reuse is not limited. The stone regeneration process can be reused as a roadbed material, for example.
As long as the soil classified in the second classification step is reused, the “soil reuse step” is not limited in its reuse form. The soil regeneration process can be reused as a cement material in a cement factory, for example.

以下、図面を用いて実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
（１）汚染土壌の処理システム
本実施例に係る汚染土壌の処理システム１は、図１及び図２に示すように、混合装置２（本発明に係る「混合手段」として例示する。）第１振動ふるい３（本発明に係る「第１分級手段」として例示する。）、破砕装置４（本発明に係る「破砕手段」として例示する。）、第２振動ふるい５（本発明に係る「第２分級手段」として例示する。）を備えて基本的には構成される。このうち、混合装置２及び破砕装置４は同一装置を兼用して成る（図１では便宜上別個に記載している。）。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
(1) Contaminated soil treatment system As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a contaminated soil treatment system 1 according to this embodiment is a mixing device 2 (exemplified as a “mixing means” according to the present invention). Vibrating sieve 3 (exemplified as “first classifying means” according to the present invention), crushing device 4 (exemplified as “crushing means” according to the present invention), second vibrating sieve 5 (“first classifying means according to the present invention” This is basically configured with “2 classifying means”. Of these, the mixing device 2 and the crushing device 4 are also used as the same device (in FIG. 1, they are described separately for convenience).

上記混合装置２及び破砕装置４を兼用する装置は、第１投入ホッパー６と、第２投入ホッパー７と、各ホッパー６，７から供給された処理土などを搬送するベルトコンベア８と、ベルトコンベア８から供給された処理土Ｓを混合あるいは破砕するソイルカッター９と、ソイルカッター９の下流側に設けられて処理土Ｓを混合あるいは破砕する３軸のハンマー機構１０と、該ハンマー機構１０から供給された処理土Ｓを搬送する排出ベルトコンベア１１と、を備えている。   The mixing device 2 and the crushing device 4 include a first input hopper 6, a second input hopper 7, a belt conveyor 8 that conveys the processing soil supplied from the hoppers 6 and 7, and a belt conveyor. A soil cutter 9 for mixing or crushing the treated soil S supplied from 8, a triaxial hammer mechanism 10 provided on the downstream side of the soil cutter 9 for mixing or crushing the treated soil S, and supplied from the hammer mechanism 10 And a discharge belt conveyor 11 that conveys the treated soil S.

各ハンマー機構１０は、図２に示すように、回転軸１２と、該回転軸１２と平行な軸１３により該回転軸１２の周面に旋回可能に設けられたロータリハンマー１４と、を有しており、該回転軸１２の回転によってロータリハンマー１４が旋回しながら回転する。
そして、上記処理システム１の最上流部には混合装置２が配置される。混合装置２では、第１投入ホッパー６に汚染土壌が投入されると共に、第２投入ホッパー７に生石灰が投入される。これら汚染土壌と生石灰はベルトコンベア８で搬送され、ソイルカッター９とハンマー機構１０を経て混合され、排出ベルトコンベア１１により混合装置２から排出される。この混合の際に、処理土Ｓは最大で６０ｍｍ程度に破砕される。 As shown in FIG. 2, each hammer mechanism 10 includes a rotary shaft 12 and a rotary hammer 14 provided on a peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 12 so as to be pivotable by a shaft 13 parallel to the rotary shaft 12. The rotary hammer 14 rotates while turning by the rotation of the rotary shaft 12.
And the mixing apparatus 2 is arrange | positioned in the most upstream part of the said processing system 1. FIG. In the mixing device 2, the contaminated soil is charged into the first charging hopper 6 and quick lime is charged into the second charging hopper 7. The contaminated soil and quicklime are conveyed by a belt conveyor 8, mixed through a soil cutter 9 and a hammer mechanism 10, and discharged from the mixing device 2 by a discharge belt conveyor 11. During this mixing, the treated soil S is crushed to a maximum of about 60 mm.

混合装置２の下流側には養生場所Ｅ３が配置される。ここで混合後の処理土Ｓが放置されて養生される。
養生場所Ｅ３の下流側には第１振動ふるい３が配置される。この第１振動ふるい３は、１０ｍｍ〜６０ｍｍ、より好ましくは１０ｍｍ〜２０ｍｍ、最も好ましくは１０ｍｍのふるいであり、ここでは１０ｍｍとする。この第１振動ふるい３は、供給された処理土Ｓを所定の粒径範囲（１０ｍｍ〜６０ｍｍ）に分級する。 On the downstream side of the mixing device 2, a curing place E3 is arranged. Here, the treated soil S after mixing is left and cured.
The first vibrating screen 3 is disposed on the downstream side of the curing place E3. The first vibrating screen 3 is a screen of 10 mm to 60 mm, more preferably 10 mm to 20 mm, and most preferably 10 mm, and is 10 mm here. The first vibrating screen 3 classifies the supplied treated soil S into a predetermined particle size range (10 mm to 60 mm).

第１振動ふるい３の下流側には、この第１振動ふるい３で分級された所定の粒径範囲（１０ｍｍ〜６０ｍｍ）の処理土Ｓが供給される上記破砕装置４が配置されている。ここでは、処理土Ｓは第１投入ホッパー６に投入され、第２投入ホッパー７には何も投入しない。そして、破砕装置４では、これら処理土Ｓはベルトコンベア８で搬送され、ソイルカッター９とハンマー機構１０を経て破砕され、排出ベルトコンベア１１により破砕装置４から排出される。この破砕の際に、処理土Ｓは最大で１０ｍｍ程度に破砕される。
破砕装置４の下流側には第２振動ふるい５が配置される。この第２振動ふるい５は、５ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ、より好ましくは５ｍｍのふるいであり、ここでは５ｍｍとする。この第２振動ふるい５は、供給された処理土Ｓを所定の粒径範囲（５ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ）に分級する。 On the downstream side of the first vibrating screen 3, the crushing device 4 to which the treated soil S having a predetermined particle size range (10 mm to 60 mm) classified by the first vibrating screen 3 is supplied is disposed. Here, the treated soil S is charged into the first charging hopper 6 and nothing is charged into the second charging hopper 7. In the crushing device 4, the treated soil S is conveyed by the belt conveyor 8, crushed through the soil cutter 9 and the hammer mechanism 10, and discharged from the crushing device 4 by the discharge belt conveyor 11. During this crushing, the treated soil S is crushed to a maximum of about 10 mm.
A second vibrating screen 5 is disposed on the downstream side of the crushing device 4. The second vibrating screen 5 is a screen of 5 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 5 mm, and is 5 mm here. The second vibrating screen 5 classifies the supplied treated soil S into a predetermined particle size range (5 mm to 10 mm).

第２振動ふるい５の下流側には、この第２振動ふるい５で分級された所定の粒径範囲（５ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ）の処理土Ｓ（主に、礫Ｓ’からなる処理物）が堆積される製品堆積場所Ｅ１が配置されている。製品堆積場所Ｅ１に堆積された処理土Ｓは、後に石（礫Ｓ’）として例えば路盤材（本発明に係る「石再利用手段」として例示する。）として再利用される。
一方、上記第１振動ふるい３及び上記第２振動ふるい５で分級された所定の粒径範囲の下限値未満（５ｍｍ未満）の処理土Ｓは、堆積場所Ｅ２まで搬送される。堆積場所Ｅ２に堆積された処理土Ｓは、後に例えばセメント材料（本発明に係る「土再利用手段」として例示する。）として再利用される。 On the downstream side of the second vibrating sieve 5, the treated soil S (mainly treated product of gravel S ′) having a predetermined particle size range (5 mm to 10 mm) classified by the second vibrating sieve 5 is deposited. A product depositing location E1 is disposed. The treated soil S deposited in the product accumulation site E1 is later reused as a stone (pebbles S ′), for example, as a roadbed material (exemplified as “stone recycling means” according to the present invention).
On the other hand, the treated soil S less than the lower limit (less than 5 mm) of the predetermined particle size range classified by the first vibrating screen 3 and the second vibrating screen 5 is transported to the deposition site E2. The treated soil S deposited at the deposition location E2 is reused later as, for example, a cement material (illustrated as “soil recycling means” according to the present invention).

（２）汚染土壌の処理システムの作用
次に、上記汚染土壌の処理システム１の作用について説明する。
混合装置２の第１投入ホッパー６に汚染土壌を投入すると共に、第２投入ホッパー７に生石灰を投入する（ステップＳ１）。生石灰の量は汚染土壌の重量の０．７〜５％の重量が好ましく、ここでは約１％の重量とする。これら汚染土壌と生石灰はベルトコンベア８で搬送され、ソイルカッター９で粘土の大きな塊が崩される。そして、３軸のハンマー機構１０を低速回転させて各ロータリハンマー１４が処理土Ｓを叩くことで十分に混合し（ステップＳ２）、排出ベルトコンベア１１により混合装置２から排出される。この混合の際に、処理土Ｓは最大で６０ｍｍ程度に破砕される。 (2) Action of Contaminated Soil Treatment System Next, the action of the contaminated soil treatment system 1 will be described.
Contaminated soil is charged into the first charging hopper 6 of the mixing device 2 and quick lime is charged into the second charging hopper 7 (step S1). The amount of quicklime is preferably 0.7 to 5% by weight of the contaminated soil, and here it is about 1%. These contaminated soil and quicklime are conveyed by the belt conveyor 8, and a large lump of clay is broken by the soil cutter 9. Then, the three-axis hammer mechanism 10 is rotated at a low speed, and each rotary hammer 14 strikes the treated soil S to sufficiently mix (step S2), and is discharged from the mixing device 2 by the discharge belt conveyor 11. During this mixing, the treated soil S is crushed to a maximum of about 60 mm.

混合装置２から排出された処理土Ｓは養生場所Ｅ３に放置されて養生される（ステップＳ３）。養生の条件としては、例えば２０〜３０℃で２〜４日放置するのが好ましく、ここでは常温（２５℃）で３日とする。この処理土Ｓは、図４（ａ）に示すように、生石灰と粘土との吸水反応及びポラゾン反応によって、礫Ｓ’の表面に粘土分Ｃが付着してなる（又は粘土分Ｃのみからなる）粒状塊Ｂを多く含んでいる。この粒状塊Ｂは、適当な軟らかさを持ち湿潤状態となっている。   The treated soil S discharged from the mixing apparatus 2 is left and cured in the curing place E3 (step S3). As curing conditions, for example, it is preferable to leave at 20 to 30 ° C. for 2 to 4 days, and here, it is set to 3 days at room temperature (25 ° C.). As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the treated soil S is formed by adhering the clay component C to the surface of the gravel S ′ by the water-absorbing reaction and the porazone reaction between quick lime and clay (or only the clay component C). ) It contains a lot of granular mass B. This granular lump B has an appropriate softness and is in a wet state.

養生後、養生場所Ｅ３の処理土Ｓは第１振動ふるい３に供給される。第１振動ふるい３は、供給された処理土Ｓを所定の粒径範囲（１０ｍｍ〜６０ｍｍ）に分級する（ステップＳ４）。この分級の際に処理土Ｓの粘土分Ｃが好適に除去される。ここで、所定の粒径範囲の下限値未満（１０ｍｍ未満）の処理土Ｓは（ステップＳ５；ＹＥＳ）、堆積場所Ｅ２まで搬送され、後にセメント工場に運搬されてセメント材料として再利用される（ステップＳ６）。   After curing, the treated soil S in the curing place E3 is supplied to the first vibrating screen 3. The first vibrating screen 3 classifies the supplied treated soil S into a predetermined particle size range (10 mm to 60 mm) (step S4). During this classification, the clay C of the treated soil S is suitably removed. Here, the treated soil S less than the lower limit (less than 10 mm) of the predetermined particle size range (step S5; YES) is transported to the deposition site E2, and later transported to a cement factory to be reused as a cement material ( Step S6).

また、第１振動ふるい３で所定の粒径範囲（１０ｍｍ〜６０ｍｍ）に分級された処理土Ｓは（ステップＳ５；ＮＯ）、破砕装置４に供給される。その際、処理土Ｓは第１投入ホッパー６に投入され、第２投入ホッパー７には何も投入しない。そして、これら処理土Ｓはベルトコンベア８で搬送され、ソイルカッター９で大きな塊が崩される。更に、３軸のハンマー機構１０を高速回転させて各ロータリハンマー１４が処理土Ｓを強く叩くことで破砕する（ステップＳ７）。その際、その処理土Ｓにおいて、粒状塊Ｂの粘土分Ｃが好適に破砕される一方、礫Ｓ’自体は破砕され難くなっている（図４（ｂ）参照）。そして、破砕された処理土Ｓが排出ベルトコンベア１１により破砕装置４から排出される。この破砕の際に、処理土Ｓは最大で１０ｍｍ程度に破砕される。   Further, the treated soil S classified into a predetermined particle size range (10 mm to 60 mm) by the first vibrating screen 3 (step S5; NO) is supplied to the crushing device 4. At that time, the treated soil S is charged into the first charging hopper 6 and nothing is charged into the second charging hopper 7. These treated soils S are conveyed by the belt conveyor 8 and a large lump is broken by the soil cutter 9. Further, the triaxial hammer mechanism 10 is rotated at a high speed, and each rotary hammer 14 smashes the treated soil S strongly (step S7). At that time, in the treated soil S, the clay portion C of the granular mass B is suitably crushed, while the gravel S ′ itself is difficult to be crushed (see FIG. 4B). Then, the crushed treated soil S is discharged from the crushing device 4 by the discharge belt conveyor 11. During this crushing, the treated soil S is crushed to a maximum of about 10 mm.

破砕装置４から排出された処理土Ｓは第２振動ふるい５に供給される。第２振動ふるい５は、供給された処理土Ｓを所定の粒径範囲（５ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ）に分級する（ステップＳ８）。この分級の際に処理土Ｓの粘土分Ｃが好適に除去される。ここで、所定の粒径範囲の下限値未満（５ｍｍ未満）の処理土Ｓは（ステップＳ９；ＹＥＳ）、堆積場所Ｅ２まで搬送され、後にセメント工場に運搬されてセメント材料として再利用される（ステップＳ６）。
また、第２振動ふるい５で所定の粒径範囲（５ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ）に分級された処理土Ｓ（主に、礫Ｓ’からなる処理物）は（ステップＳ９；ＮＯ）、製品堆積場所Ｅ１まで搬送され、後に出荷されて路盤材として再利用される（ステップＳ１０）。 The treated soil S discharged from the crushing device 4 is supplied to the second vibrating screen 5. The second vibrating screen 5 classifies the supplied treated soil S into a predetermined particle size range (5 mm to 10 mm) (step S8). During this classification, the clay C of the treated soil S is suitably removed. Here, the treated soil S less than the lower limit (less than 5 mm) of the predetermined particle size range (step S9; YES) is transported to the deposition site E2, and later transported to the cement factory for reuse as cement material ( Step S6).
Further, the treated soil S (mainly treated with gravel S ′) classified into the predetermined particle size range (5 mm to 10 mm) by the second vibrating screen 5 (step S9; NO) is up to the product accumulation place E1. It is transported, later shipped, and reused as a roadbed material (step S10).

（３）実施例の効果
本実施例の汚染土壌の処理システム１では、混合装置２と破砕装置４は同一装置を兼用して成るようにしているので、混合装置２及び破砕装置４が別個である場合に比べて装置全体を小型化できる。よって、本処理システム１を移動式にして汚染土壌が得られる現場で処理作業することができるようになる。これにより、従来のように汚染土壌を遠方の処理場まで運搬する必要がなくなるので、運搬コストを削減することができる。
また、本実施例の汚染土壌の処理システム１では、混合装置２及び破砕装置４を同一装置で兼用していることから、混合装置２によっても汚染土壌をある程度粉砕することができるようになる。このため、汚染土壌と生石灰を十分に混合できるようになると共に、大きな石を混合装置２において粉砕して石の大きさの標準化を図り、最終的に再利用の歩留りを上げることができる。 (3) Effect of Example In the contaminated soil treatment system 1 of the present example, the mixing device 2 and the crushing device 4 are configured to serve as the same device. Compared to a certain case, the entire apparatus can be reduced in size. Accordingly, the processing system 1 can be made mobile so that the processing work can be performed at the site where the contaminated soil is obtained. This eliminates the need to transport the contaminated soil to a distant treatment plant as in the prior art, thereby reducing the transportation cost.
Moreover, in the contaminated soil processing system 1 of the present embodiment, the mixing device 2 and the crushing device 4 are also used as the same device, so that the contaminated soil can be pulverized to some extent also by the mixing device 2. For this reason, the contaminated soil and quicklime can be sufficiently mixed, and large stones are pulverized in the mixing device 2 to standardize the size of the stones, and finally the yield of reuse can be increased.

更に、本実施例の汚染土壌の処理システム１では、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合してから所定期間放置して得られる処理土Ｓを採用しているので、この処理土Ｓは、生石灰と粘土との吸水反応及びポラゾン反応によって、主に礫Ｓ’の表面に粘土分Ｃが付着してなり適当な軟らかさを持つ湿潤状態の粒状塊（だま）Ｂを大量に含むこととなる。そして、その粒状塊Ｂを含む処理土Ｓを分級後に破砕し再度分級してから水洗するようにしているので、破砕の際には、粒状塊Ｂを構成する礫Ｓ’の破砕を抑制しつつ主に粘土分Ｃが好適に破砕されて除去される。また、各分級の際には、粘土分Ｃが好適に除去される。   Furthermore, in the contaminated soil processing system 1 of this embodiment, the treated soil S obtained by mixing the contaminated soil with quick lime and leaving it for a predetermined period is used. Due to the water absorption reaction and the porazone reaction, a large amount of wet granular lump (dama) B having an appropriate softness is formed mainly by the clay component C adhering to the surface of the gravel S ′. And since the treated soil S containing the granular lump B is crushed after classification and classified again, and then washed with water, the crushing of the gravel S ′ constituting the granular lump B is suppressed during crushing. Mainly, the clay component C is suitably crushed and removed. Further, at each classification, the clay component C is suitably removed.

また、本実施例の処理システム１では、混合装置２で得られた処理土Ｓを養生した後に第１振動ふるい３が分級するので、養生して石灰が硬化した後に分級することから、分級の精度を高めることができ、礫、砂、粘土をそれぞれ再利用するために有効となる。
更に、本実施例の処理システム１では、汚染土壌に、その汚染土壌の重量の０．７〜５％の重量の生石灰を混合してから、２０〜３０℃で２〜４日放置して処理土Ｓを得るようにしたので、処理土Ｓの中に、より適当な軟らかさを持つ湿潤状態の粒状塊Ｂ（だま）をより大量に含ませることができる。その結果、破砕の際には、粒状塊Ｂを構成する礫Ｓ’の破砕を抑制しつつ主に粘土分Ｃをより好適に破砕できる。 Moreover, in the processing system 1 of the present embodiment, since the first vibrating sieve 3 is classified after curing the treated soil S obtained by the mixing device 2, the classification is performed after curing and hardening of the lime. The accuracy can be improved and it is effective for reusing gravel, sand and clay respectively.
Furthermore, in the treatment system 1 of the present embodiment, the contaminated soil is mixed with quick lime having a weight of 0.7 to 5% of the weight of the contaminated soil and then left to stand at 20 to 30 ° C. for 2 to 4 days. Since the soil S is obtained, the treated soil S can contain a larger amount of the granular lump B (dama) in a wet state having a more appropriate softness. As a result, at the time of crushing, mainly the clay component C can be crushed more suitably while crushing the gravel S ′ constituting the granular mass B is suppressed.

尚、本発明においては、上記実施例に限られず、目的、用途に応じて本発明の範囲内で種々変更した実施例とすることができる。即ち、上記実施例では、混合装置２で得られた処理土Ｓを養生した後に第１振動ふるい３が分級するようにしたが、これに限定されず、例えば、混合装置２で得られた処理土Ｓをそのまま第１振動ふるい３が分級し、その分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土Ｓを養生した後に破砕装置４が破砕するようにしてもよい。この場合は、予め石灰が硬化する前に処理土を分級することによって、処理が不要な石等を除くことができる。   In the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application. That is, in the above embodiment, the first vibrating sieve 3 is classified after the treated soil S obtained by the mixing device 2 is cured. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, the treatment obtained by the mixing device 2. The first vibrating sieve 3 may classify the soil S as it is, and after the treated soil S having a predetermined particle size range is cured, the crushing device 4 may crush the soil S. In this case, stones and the like that do not require treatment can be removed by classifying the treated soil before the lime is hardened in advance.

また、上記実施例では、第２振動ふるい５で得られた所定の粒径範囲（５ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍ）に分級された処理土Ｓは、そのまま製品堆積場所Ｅ１に堆積され後に出荷されるようにしたが、これに限定されず、例えば製品堆積場所Ｅ１に堆積される前に水洗手段により洗浄処理を行うようにしてもよい。水洗手段としては既知のあるいは新規の装置を使用することができる。ここで、水洗手段としてロックウォッシャと２つの貯水槽を有するものを採用した場合は、ロックウォッシャで使用される洗浄水を循環して使用でき、その使用水量を抑制できる。これにより、使用水量を必要最小限に抑制しつつ６価クロム等の有害物質が好適に除去される。更に、この場合、例えば処理土Ｓの１００ｔに対して５０〜５０００Ｌ（好ましくは７０〜１０００Ｌ、より好ましくは１００〜５００Ｌ）の先浄水を使用することが好ましい。これにより、ロックウォッシャで使用される洗浄水の使用水量を更に抑制できる。   Further, in the above embodiment, the treated soil S classified into the predetermined particle size range (5 mm to 10 mm) obtained by the second vibrating screen 5 is deposited as it is in the product accumulation place E1 and then shipped. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the washing process may be performed by the water washing means before being deposited at the product accumulation place E1. A known or new apparatus can be used as the washing means. Here, when the thing having a lock washer and two water storage tanks as a washing means is adopted, the wash water used with a lock washer can be circulated and used, and the amount of water used can be controlled. Thereby, harmful substances such as hexavalent chromium are suitably removed while suppressing the amount of water used to the minimum necessary. Furthermore, in this case, for example, it is preferable to use 50 to 5000 L (preferably 70 to 1000 L, more preferably 100 to 500 L) of pre-purified water with respect to 100 t of the treated soil S. Thereby, the usage-amount of the washing water used with a lock washer can further be suppressed.

また、上記実施例では、混合装置２及び破砕装置４において処理土Ｓを混合あるいは破砕する機構としてロータリハンマー１４を採用しているが、これに限定されず、処理土Ｓを混合あるいは破砕できる機構であれば既知のあるいは新規の機構を採用してもよい。
更に、上記実施例では、石再利用手段として路盤材、土再利用手段としてセメント材料を採用しているが、これに限定されず、他の方法による再利用としたり、あるいは埋めたりしてもよい。 Moreover, in the said Example, although the rotary hammer 14 is employ | adopted as a mechanism which mixes or crushes the processing soil S in the mixing apparatus 2 and the crushing apparatus 4, it is not limited to this, The mechanism which can mix or crush the processing soil S If so, a known or novel mechanism may be employed.
Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the roadbed material is used as the stone reuse means, and the cement material is used as the soil reuse means, but is not limited to this, and may be reused by other methods, or may be buried. Good.

汚染土壌を再利用する技術として広く利用される。特に、汚染土壌を浄化して再利用する技術として好適に利用される。   Widely used as a technology to reuse contaminated soil. In particular, it is suitably used as a technique for purifying and reusing contaminated soil.

本実施例に係る汚染土壌の処理システムを示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the processing system of the contaminated soil which concerns on a present Example. 本実施例に係るハンマーの側面図である。It is a side view of the hammer which concerns on a present Example. 上記処理システムの作用を説明するためのフローチャート図である。It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the said processing system. 本実施例に係る処理土の破砕作用を説明するための説明図であり、（ａ）は破砕前の処理土を示し、（ｂ）は破砕後の処理土を示す。It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the crushing effect | action of the processing soil which concerns on a present Example, (a) shows the processing soil before crushing, (b) shows the processing soil after crushing.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１；処理システム、２；混合装置、３；第１振動ふるい、４；破砕装置、５；第２振動ふるい、１０；ハンマー装置、１４；ロータリハンマー、Ｂ；粒状塊、Ｃ；粘土分、Ｓ；処理土、Ｓ’；礫。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1; Processing system, 2; Mixing apparatus, 3; 1st vibration sieve, 4; Crushing apparatus, 5; 2nd vibration sieve, 10; Hammer apparatus, 14: Rotary hammer, B: Granular lump, C; Treated soil, S ′; gravel.

Claims (13)

汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土を得る混合手段と、前記混合手段で得られた処理土を分級する第１分級手段と、前記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を破砕する破砕手段と、前記破砕手段で破砕された処理土を分級する第２分級手段と、を備え、
前記混合手段及び前記破砕手段は同一装置を兼用して成ることを特徴とする汚染土壌の処理システム。 Mixing means for obtaining treated soil by mixing quick lime with contaminated soil, first classification means for classifying treated soil obtained by the mixing means, and treatment of a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classifying means Crushing means for crushing the soil, and second classification means for classifying the treated soil crushed by the crushing means,
The contaminated soil treatment system, wherein the mixing means and the crushing means serve as the same device. 前記第１分級手段は、前記混合手段で得られた処理土を養生した後に分級する請求項１記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。   2. The contaminated soil treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the first classifying unit classifies after treating the treated soil obtained by the mixing unit. 前記破砕手段は、前記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を養生した後に破砕する請求項１記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。   The contaminated soil treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the crushing means crushes after treating the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classification means. 前記混合手段は、前記汚染土壌に、その汚染土壌の重量の０．７〜５％の重量の生石灰を混合して処理土を得る請求項１乃至３のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。   The contaminated soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mixing means mixes the contaminated soil with quick lime having a weight of 0.7 to 5% of the weight of the contaminated soil to obtain treated soil. Processing method. 前記第２分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を水洗する水洗手段を更に備える請求項１乃至４のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。   The contaminated soil treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising water washing means for washing the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the second classification means. 前記第２分級手段は前記処理土を石と土に分級するものであり、前記石を再利用するための石再利用手段と、前記土を再利用するための土再利用手段と、を更に備える請求項１乃至５のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。   The second classifying means classifies the treated soil into stone and soil, and further comprises: a stone reusing means for reusing the stone; and a soil reusing means for reusing the soil. The processing system of the contaminated soil as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5 provided. 前記混合手段及び前記破砕手段を兼用する前記装置は、回転軸と、該回転軸と平行な軸により該回転軸の周面に旋回可能に設けられたロータリハンマーと、を有しており、該回転軸の回転によって前記ロータリハンマーが旋回しながら回転するものであり、供給される処理土を前記ロータリハンマーに衝突させて混合又は破砕するように構成されている請求項１乃至６のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理システム。   The apparatus that serves both as the mixing means and the crushing means includes a rotary shaft, and a rotary hammer that is pivotally provided on a peripheral surface of the rotary shaft by an axis parallel to the rotary shaft. The rotary hammer rotates while rotating by a rotating shaft, and is configured to collide or crush the supplied treated soil by colliding with the rotary hammer. The contaminated soil treatment system described in the paragraph. 請求項１乃至７のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理システムを用いる汚染土壌の処理方法であって、
前記混合手段によって、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土を得る混合工程と、
前記処理土を放置して生石灰を硬化させる養生工程と、
前記第１分級手段によって、その養生後の処理土を分級する第１分級工程と、
前記破砕手段によって、前記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を破砕する破砕工程と、
前記第２分級手段によって、前記破砕手段で破砕された処理土を分級する第２分級工程と、を備え、
前記混合工程及び前記破砕工程は同一装置で行うことを特徴とする汚染土壌の処理方法。 A method for treating contaminated soil using the contaminated soil treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A mixing step of obtaining treated soil by mixing quick lime with contaminated soil by the mixing means;
Curing process for leaving the treated soil and hardening quicklime;
A first classification step of classifying the treated soil after the curing by the first classification means;
A crushing step of crushing the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classifying means by the crushing means;
A second classification step of classifying the treated soil crushed by the crushing means by the second classification means,
The said mixing process and the said crushing process are performed with the same apparatus, The processing method of the contaminated soil characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項１乃至７のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理システムを用いる汚染土壌の処理方法であって、
前記混合手段によって、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して処理土を得る混合工程と、
前記第１分級手段によって、その得られた処理土を分級する第１分級工程と、
前記第１分級手段で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を放置して生石灰を硬化させる養生工程と、
前記破砕手段によって、その養生後の処理土を破砕する破砕工程と、
前記第２分級手段によって、前記破砕手段で破砕された処理土を分級する第２分級工程と、を備え、
前記混合工程及び前記破砕工程は同一装置で行うことを特徴とする汚染土壌の処理方法。 A method for treating contaminated soil using the contaminated soil treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A mixing step of obtaining treated soil by mixing quick lime with contaminated soil by the mixing means;
A first classification step of classifying the obtained treated soil by the first classification means;
A curing step of curing the quicklime by leaving the treated soil of a predetermined particle size range classified by the first classification means;
A crushing step of crushing the treated soil after the curing by the crushing means,
A second classification step of classifying the treated soil crushed by the crushing means by the second classification means,
The said mixing process and the said crushing process are performed with the same apparatus, The processing method of the contaminated soil characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記養生工程では、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合してから２０〜３０℃で２〜４日放置して処理土が得られる請求項８又は９に記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。   The method for treating contaminated soil according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, in the curing step, the treated soil is obtained by mixing quick lime with the contaminated soil and leaving it at 20 to 30 ° C for 2 to 4 days. 前記混合工程では、汚染土壌に生石灰を混合して、礫及び／又は砂の表面に粘土分が付着してなる粒状塊を含む処理土が得られ、前記破砕工程では、前記処理土に含まれる前記粒状塊の粘土分が破砕される請求項８乃至１０のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。   In the mixing step, quick lime is mixed with the contaminated soil to obtain a treated soil containing a granular lump formed by adhering clay to the surface of gravel and / or sand. In the crushing step, the treated soil includes the treated soil. The method for treating contaminated soil according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the clay in the granular mass is crushed. 請求項５記載の水洗手段によって、前記第２分級工程で分級された所定の粒径範囲の処理土を水洗する水洗工程を更に備える請求項８乃至１１のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。   The contaminated soil according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising a water washing step of washing the treated soil having a predetermined particle size range classified in the second classification step by the water washing means according to claim 5. Processing method. 前記第２分級工程は前記処理土を石と土に分級するものであり、請求項６記載の石再利用手段によって前記第２分級工程で分級された石を再利用する石再利用工程と、請求項６記載の土再利用手段によって前記第２分級工程で分級された土を再利用する石再利用工程と、を更に備える請求項８乃至１２のいずれか一項に記載の汚染土壌の処理方法。   The second classification step is to classify the treated soil into stone and soil, and the stone reuse step of reusing the stone classified in the second classification step by the stone recycling means according to claim 6; The treatment of contaminated soil according to any one of claims 8 to 12, further comprising: a stone reuse step of reusing the soil classified in the second classification step by the soil reuse means according to claim 6. Method.
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