JP2008242614A - Job scheduling apparatus and job scheduling method - Google Patents

Job scheduling apparatus and job scheduling method Download PDF

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JP2008242614A
JP2008242614A JP2007079429A JP2007079429A JP2008242614A JP 2008242614 A JP2008242614 A JP 2008242614A JP 2007079429 A JP2007079429 A JP 2007079429A JP 2007079429 A JP2007079429 A JP 2007079429A JP 2008242614 A JP2008242614 A JP 2008242614A
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Toshisuke Akimoto
俊祐 秋元
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problem: a change in ambient temperature of a computer due to the assignment of a job thereto is not considered in a conventional manner, and consequently the peripheral temperature of a computer A may rise, and the computer A may fail when a job of high power consumption is assigned to a computer B near the computer A operating in a very critical temperature. <P>SOLUTION: On the basis of the temperature sensor values, the power consumption sensor values, the predicted values of power consumption when a job is assigned and an environment parameter of a plurality of computers to which a job scheduling apparatus is connected through a network, an assignment determination part 203 performs temperature prediction including not only heat generation generated as the result of the assignment of a job between computers but also the heat generation of peripheral computers, and determines the computer as the destination of the assignment of the job. Also, a job sorting unit 201, a job history table 202, and a history table management part 204 are present for predicting the power consumption of the job. History is recorded for each type of jobs in a job history table 202. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明はジョブスケジューリング装置及びジョブスケジューリング方法に係り、特に計算機にジョブを割り当てるジョブスケジューリング装置及びジョブスケジューリング方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a job scheduling apparatus and a job scheduling method, and more particularly to a job scheduling apparatus and a job scheduling method for assigning a job to a computer.

近年、計算機の単位体積当たりの処理能力の進歩に伴って、その単位体積当たりの消費電力や発熱量も増え続けている。最近では、計算機の処理性能は自身の消費電力による発熱量に制限されるようになってきている。この傾向は、複数の計算機によって構成される並列計算機システムにおいても同様であるが、各計算機を密接して設置することの多い並列計算機システムにおいては個別に設置される熱対策以上に熱の問題への緻密な対応が求められている。   In recent years, with the progress of processing capacity per unit volume of computers, power consumption and heat generation per unit volume have been increasing. Recently, the processing performance of computers has been limited to the amount of heat generated by its own power consumption. This trend is the same in parallel computer systems composed of multiple computers, but in parallel computer systems where computers are often installed close to each other, there is a problem of heat beyond the heat countermeasures that are installed individually. The close correspondence of is demanded.

並列計算機システムにおける熱対策としては、例えば各計算機が最大出力で運用されるような状況下であっても、過熱によって計算機が停止したりパフォーマンスが低下したりすることのないよう、予め計算機同士をある程度離して設置する方法が最も安全な対策であると考えられる。しかし、近年の計算機の運用を考えると、全ての計算機が最大出力で運用されるような状況は稀なケースである場合が多い。そのような運用を考慮してサーバを離して配置した場合、システム全体の単位体積当りの計算能力は落ちてしまう。限られた体積で性能が求められる場合、ある程度密着して計算機を配置し、運用で熱対策を行う必要性が求められる。また、近年、計算機の消費電力の増加にマシンルームの設備投資が間に合わず、冷却能力の足りないマシンルームで発熱の多い計算機を運用したいといった要求もよくある。このような場合も運用で熱問題を解決する必要があるだろう。   As a countermeasure against heat in a parallel computer system, for example, even if each computer is operated at the maximum output, computers should be connected in advance so that the computer will not stop or performance will deteriorate due to overheating. It is considered that the safest measure is to install it at some distance. However, considering the operation of computers in recent years, the situation where all computers are operated at the maximum output is often a rare case. If servers are arranged apart from each other in consideration of such operations, the computing capacity per unit volume of the entire system will be reduced. When performance is required in a limited volume, there is a need to place computers in close contact with each other and take measures against heat during operation. Also, in recent years, machine room capital investment is not in time for the increase in power consumption of computers, and there is often a demand for operating a computer with high heat generation in a machine room with insufficient cooling capacity. In such cases, it may be necessary to solve the thermal problem through operation.

そのような運用の一形態として、ジョブの配置を工夫することで発熱する計算機を分散させ、特定の計算機の過熱を防ぐという手法がある。しかしながら、ある計算機にジョブ配置することによる他の計算機への温度の影響を考慮しながら緻密にジョブの配置を行うジョブスケジューリング手法はまだ提案されていない。   As one form of such operation, there is a method of preventing overheating of a specific computer by distributing the computers that generate heat by devising the arrangement of jobs. However, there has not yet been proposed a job scheduling method for precisely arranging jobs while considering the influence of temperature on other computers due to job placement on a computer.

運用における柔軟な熱対策の一つとして、ジョブスケジューリングを工夫することにより、熱の発生を分散させ、ある箇所の温度が極度に過熱しないように制御する方法が考えられる。その一手法として、各計算機の温度をモニタし、常に最も温度の低い計算機にジョブを割り当てるというジョブスケジューリング装置が既に提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   As one of the flexible heat countermeasures in operation, there can be considered a method of controlling the temperature of a certain location so as not to be overheated by devising job scheduling to disperse the generation of heat. As one method, a job scheduling apparatus that monitors the temperature of each computer and always assigns a job to the computer having the lowest temperature has already been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

また、マルチプロセッサシステムにおいて、制御用ＩＣが過熱する可能性があるプロセッサがあるか否か確認し、過熱する可能性が無い場合には、プロセッサの割当に従ってスレッドのディスパッチを行い、過熱する可能性が有る場合には、現状の空きプロセッサに加えて新しい空きプロセッサができるまでジョブの割当を待機することにより、過熱による処理停止の発生を抑制するようにしたマルチプロセッサシステムも知られている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。   Also, in a multiprocessor system, it is checked whether there is a processor that may cause the control IC to overheat, and if there is no possibility of overheating, the thread is dispatched according to the processor assignment, and the possibility of overheating There is also known a multiprocessor system that suppresses processing stoppage due to overheating by waiting for job assignment until a new free processor is created in addition to the current free processor (for example, , See Patent Document 2).

更に、プロセッサの予測温度を計算し、予測温度が条件の範囲内であれば、プロセッサに対しタスクを割り当てるプロセッサシステムも知られている（例えば、特許文献３参照）。   Furthermore, a processor system that calculates a predicted temperature of a processor and assigns a task to the processor if the predicted temperature is within a range of conditions is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

特開２００４−１２６９６８号公報（第６頁）JP 2004-126968 A (page 6) 特開２００６−０９９６２４号公報（第９頁）JP 2006-099624 A (page 9) 特開２００６−１３３９９５号公報（第１２−１３頁）JP 2006-133955 A (pages 12-13)

しかしながら、特許文献１記載の従来のジョブスケジューリング装置では、ジョブの割り当てによる周囲温度の変化については考慮されておらず、限界温度ぎりぎりで動作していた計算機Ａの近くの計算機Ｂに消費電力の高いジョブを割り当てることで、計算機Ａの周辺温度が上がり、計算機Ａがダウンしてしまうといったことが考えられる。   However, the conventional job scheduling apparatus described in Patent Document 1 does not consider the change in the ambient temperature due to job assignment, and the computer B near the computer A that was operating at the limit temperature has high power consumption. By assigning a job, it is conceivable that the ambient temperature of computer A rises and computer A goes down.

また、特許文献２や特許文献３記載の発明では、タスクを割り当てることで発生する一時的な発熱量のみを参考として温度予測を行っているので、精度の高い温度予測ができず、計算機がダウンするリスクが高い。更に、特許文献１〜３記載の発明はいずれも計算機へのジョブ割当によって発生する熱量が周辺の計算機に及ぼす二次的な温度変化を用いて温度予測したり、周辺の計算機で発生する発熱量も考慮に入れた温度予測をしていないため、計算機がダウンしない範囲でより高いパフォーマンスを引き出すことができない。   In addition, in the inventions described in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, temperature prediction is performed with reference to only a temporary amount of heat generated by assigning a task, so accurate temperature prediction cannot be performed and the computer is down. There is a high risk of Furthermore, in any of the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the temperature is predicted using a secondary temperature change caused by the amount of heat generated by job assignment to computers and the surrounding computers, or the amount of heat generated in the surrounding computers. Because the temperature is not taken into consideration, it is not possible to bring out higher performance within the range where the computer does not go down.

本発明は以上の点に鑑みなされたもので、周辺の計算機の発熱量も考慮した温度予測を行うことにより、システムの過熱による計算機のパフォーマンスダウンやシステムダウンを防止し得るジョブスケジューリング装置及びジョブスケジューリング方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a job scheduling apparatus and job scheduling capable of preventing a computer performance down and a system down due to overheating of the system by performing temperature prediction in consideration of the calorific value of surrounding computers. It aims to provide a method.

また、本発明の他の目的は、冷却能力の不足したマシンルームで計算機を運用する場合でも、決められた温度制限の中で最大限の能力を引き出すことが可能なジョブスケジューリング装置及びジョブスケジューリング方法を提供することにある。   Another object of the present invention is to provide a job scheduling apparatus and a job scheduling method capable of extracting the maximum capacity within a predetermined temperature limit even when a computer is operated in a machine room having insufficient cooling capacity. Is to provide.

上記の目的を達成するため、本発明のジョブスケジューリング装置は、複数の計算機にネットワークを介して接続され、各計算機毎にジョブを割り当てるジョブスケジューリング装置であって、割り当てようとする所望のジョブを分類するジョブ分類手段と、ジョブ分類手段の分類結果と、複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とに基づいて、所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の温度変化を予測し、その予測値に基づいて所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する割当決定手段と、割当決定手段により決定された計算機に対して、所望のジョブを割り当てるジョブ割当手段とを有することを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the job scheduling apparatus of the present invention is a job scheduling apparatus that is connected to a plurality of computers via a network and allocates jobs for each computer, and classifies desired jobs to be allocated. A desired job based on the classification result of the job classification means, the classification result of the job classification means, and at least the temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of a plurality of computers Is determined by the allocation determination means, which predicts the temperature change of the own computer and all peripheral computers when assigning to each computer, and determines a computer to which a desired job is assigned based on the predicted value. Job allocation means for allocating a desired job to a computer is provided.

この発明では、ジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺の全ての計算機の温度変化をそれぞれ予測し、その予測値に基づいて所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定するようにしたため、システムを構成する複数の計算機のうちの最適な温度変化の予測値の計算機にジョブを割り当てることができる。   In the present invention, since the temperature change of the own computer and all peripheral computers when the job is assigned to each computer is predicted, the computer to which the desired job is assigned is determined based on the predicted value. A job can be assigned to a computer having an optimum predicted value of temperature change among a plurality of computers constituting the computer.

また、上記の目的を達成するため、本発明のジョブスケジューリング装置は、複数の計算機のそれぞれについて、ジョブ分類手段で分類されるジョブの種類毎の履歴と消費電力増加分とジョブの実行時間との対応関係を予め記憶したジョブ履歴テーブルを有し、割当決定手段は、ジョブ分類手段の分類結果と、複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とからジョブ履歴テーブルを参照して所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の消費電力量増加分を予測し、その消費電力量増加分の予測値に基づいて温度変化を予測し、その温度変化予測値に基づいて所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定することを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the job scheduling apparatus according to the present invention includes, for each of a plurality of computers, a history of each job type classified by the job classification unit, an increase in power consumption, and a job execution time. The job determination table has a job history table in which correspondences are stored in advance, and the assignment determination unit includes the classification result of the job classification unit, and at least temperature information detected in each computer input from each of the plurality of computers. And by referring to the job history table from the power consumption information and predicting the increase in power consumption of the local computer and all nearby computers when a desired job is assigned to each computer, and predicting the increase in power consumption A temperature change is predicted based on the value, and a computer to which a desired job is assigned is determined based on the temperature change predicted value.

この発明では、すべてのジョブについて消費電力量増加分を予測するのは困難であるので、ジョブを予め複数のジョブの種類に分類して、そのジョブ区の種類毎に、実際のジョブを割り当てたときの消費電力増加分の履歴を予め記憶したジョブ履歴テーブルを用意し、そのジョブ履歴テーブルを参照して取得した所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の消費電力量増加分の予測値から温度変化を予測するようにしたため、正確な温度変化予測値が得られる。   In this invention, since it is difficult to predict the increase in power consumption for all jobs, jobs are classified into a plurality of job types in advance, and actual jobs are assigned to each job category type. Prepare a job history table that pre-stores the history of the increase in power consumption at the time, and consumption of the local computer and all nearby computers when a desired job acquired by referring to the job history table is assigned to each computer Since the temperature change is predicted from the predicted value of the increase in electric energy, an accurate predicted temperature change value can be obtained.

また、上記の目的を達成するため、本発明のジョブスケジューリング装置は、並列計算機システムは、複数の計算機のそれぞれの大きさ情報、計算機設置位置情報及び設置場所の冷却能力情報に基づく各計算機毎の環境情報を保存する環境情報保存装置を有すると共に、複数の計算機は環境温度を計測する環境温度計測手段を更に有しており、
環境情報保存装置から読み出した環境情報に基づいて、所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の、複数の計算機のそれぞれに設定されている最大許容環境温度と環境温度計測手段からの環境温度との差の温度が最小値を示し、かつ、最小値を示す差の温度のうち最大の差の温度を示したときのジョブ割り当て計算機をジョブを割り当てる計算機として決定し、最大の差の温度を示す計算機が存在しない場合、ジョブの割り当てを保留する手段を更に有することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the job scheduling apparatus of the present invention is a parallel computer system, in which each computer based on size information of each of a plurality of computers, computer installation position information, and cooling capacity information of the installation location. In addition to having an environmental information storage device for storing environmental information, the plurality of computers further have an environmental temperature measuring means for measuring the environmental temperature,
Based on the environment information read from the environment information storage device, the maximum allowable environment temperature and environment set for each of the multiple computers of the local computer and all peripheral computers when a desired job is assigned to each computer The job assignment calculator when the temperature of the difference from the environmental temperature from the temperature measuring means shows the minimum value and the difference temperature showing the minimum value shows the maximum difference temperature is determined as the computer to which the job is assigned. Further, when there is no computer that shows the temperature of the maximum difference, there is further provided means for deferring job assignment.

この発明では、計算機が設置される場所（マシンルーム）の冷却能力が不足している場合は、決められた温度制限（最大許容環境温度）の中でジョブ割当に適した計算機を求めることができる。この場合、その計算機システムの最高性能を引き出すことはできないが、コスト対パフォーマンスのバランスを見て意図的にマシンルームへの投資を抑えたり、マシンルームの設備が整わないうちに計算能力の高い最新の計算機を動作させておいて、後から設備を整えたりすることが可能となる。   In the present invention, when the cooling capacity of the place (machine room) where the computer is installed is insufficient, a computer suitable for job allocation can be obtained within a predetermined temperature limit (maximum allowable environment temperature). . In this case, the highest performance of the computer system cannot be extracted, but the investment in the machine room is intentionally reduced by looking at the balance between cost and performance, or the latest with high computing power before the machine room facilities are ready. It is possible to arrange the equipment later by operating the computer.

また、この発明では予想の結果、条件を満たす計算機が見付けられない場合、ジョブの割り当てを保留し、現在割り当てられているジョブが終了するのを待つ。これにより、温度問題によるシステムダウンやパフォーマンスダウンを回避することが可能である。   Further, according to the present invention, when a computer satisfying the condition is not found as a result of prediction, job assignment is suspended and the currently assigned job is awaited. As a result, it is possible to avoid system down and performance down due to temperature problems.

また、上記の目的を達成するため、本発明のジョブスケジューリング装置は、上記の割当決定手段が、複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とに基づいて、所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てる前と割り当てた後の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の温度の差分を計測し、各計算機毎に消費電力量の上昇値と温度の上昇値との相関関係から相関関数を求め、その相関係数を用いて各計算機の消費電力量の上昇値に基づいて周辺の計算機における温度上昇値を推定し、その推定値に基づいて所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する手段であることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, according to the job scheduling apparatus of the present invention, the allocation determining means includes at least temperature information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers, and Based on the power consumption information, measure the difference in temperature between the local computer before assigning the desired job to each computer and after assigning it, and all surrounding computers, and increase the power consumption and temperature for each computer. A correlation function is obtained from the correlation with the rise value of the temperature, and the temperature rise value in the surrounding computers is estimated based on the rise value of the power consumption of each computer using the correlation coefficient, and the desired value is obtained based on the estimated value. It is a means for determining a computer to which the job is assigned.

また、上記の目的を達成するため、本発明のジョブスケジューリング装置は、ジョブを割り当てられた計算機の一定時間後の消費電力情報を取得し、ジョブの完了後にそのジョブの種類をインデックスとして、ジョブ完了までの時間とジョブ実行中の消費電力の値とをジョブ履歴テーブルに追加更新するジョブ履歴テーブル管理手段を更に有することを特徴とする。この発明では、ジョブ履歴テーブルを常に最新の状態にすることができるため、ジョブ履歴テーブルを用いたジョブ割当の決定を正確に行わせることができる。   In order to achieve the above object, the job scheduling apparatus of the present invention acquires power consumption information after a predetermined time of a computer to which a job is assigned, and after completion of the job, the job type is used as an index to complete the job. It further comprises job history table management means for additionally updating the job history table and the power consumption value during job execution in the job history table. In the present invention, since the job history table can be always updated, the job assignment using the job history table can be determined accurately.

また、上記の目的を達成するため、本発明のジョブスケジューリング装置は、上記の割当決定手段が、ジョブ分類手段の分類結果と、複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とからジョブ履歴テーブルを参照して消費電力増加分と実行時間とから所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の消費電力量増加分を予測すると共に、各計算機に所望のジョブを割り当てた時の全ての計算機における一定時間後の環境温度を推定し、消費電力量増加分の予測値と環境温度の推定値とに基づいて所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する手段であることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, in the job scheduling apparatus of the present invention, the allocation determination unit includes at least the classification result of the job classification unit and each of the computers input from each of the plurality of computers. Referring to the job history table from the internal temperature information and power consumption information of each computer, consumption of the own computer and all surrounding computers when a desired job is allocated to each computer from the increase in power consumption and execution time Estimate the increase in power consumption, estimate the environmental temperature after a certain period of time when assigning the desired job to each computer, and calculate the predicted increase in power consumption and the estimated environmental temperature. It is a means for deciding a computer to which a desired job is assigned based on.

また、上記の目的を達成するため、本発明は複数の計算機にネットワークを介して接続され、各計算機毎にジョブを割り当てるジョブスケジューリング方法であって、割り当てようとする所望のジョブを分類する第１のステップと、ジョブの分類結果と、複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とに基づいて、所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の温度変化を予測する第２のステップと、温度変化の予測値に基づいて所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する第３のステップと、第３のステップにより決定された計算機に対して、所望のジョブを割り当てる第４のステップとを含むことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a job scheduling method for allocating a job for each computer connected to a plurality of computers via a network, wherein the first job classifies desired jobs to be allocated. The desired job to each computer based on the above steps, the job classification result, and at least the temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers. A second step of predicting temperature changes of the own computer and all surrounding computers when assigned, a third step of determining a computer to which a desired job is assigned based on the predicted value of temperature change, and a third step And a fourth step of assigning a desired job to the computer determined by the step.

この発明では、ジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺の全ての計算機の温度変化をそれぞれ予測し、その予測値に基づいて所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定するようにしたため、システムを構成する複数の計算機のうちの最適な温度変化の予測値の計算機にジョブを割り当てることができる。   In the present invention, since the temperature change of the own computer and all peripheral computers when the job is assigned to each computer is predicted, the computer to which the desired job is assigned is determined based on the predicted value. A job can be assigned to a computer having an optimum predicted value of temperature change among a plurality of computers constituting the computer.

本発明では、ジョブスケジューリング装置が各計算機の設置位置や周辺環境などの情報を持ち、数値計算によりジョブの投入や移動による各計算機の周辺の温度変化を予測し、その予測に基づいてジョブ割り当てを行う計算機を決定することができる。各計算機の周辺の温度変化の予測には、予めジョブを割り当てたときの発熱量を予測しておく必要がある。本発明では、実際にジョブを割り当てたときの消費電力増加の履歴を残しておき、そこから類推する手法をとる。ジョブは予め何種類かに分類しておき、履歴はその種類毎にとられる。消費電力の予測値は、ジョブを割り当てる前の消費電力値と、履歴情報の平均値などからある程度の精度で求めることが可能である。   In the present invention, the job scheduling apparatus has information such as the installation position of each computer and the surrounding environment, predicts the temperature change around each computer due to job input and movement by numerical calculation, and assigns jobs based on the prediction. The computer to perform can be determined. In order to predict the temperature change around each computer, it is necessary to predict the amount of heat generated when a job is assigned in advance. In the present invention, a method is used in which a history of power consumption increase when a job is actually allocated is retained and analogized there. Jobs are classified into several types in advance, and a history is taken for each type. The predicted value of power consumption can be obtained with a certain degree of accuracy from the power consumption value before allocating the job and the average value of the history information.

本発明によれば、ジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺の全ての計算機の温度変化をそれぞれ予測し、その予測値に基づいて所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定することで、ジョブを割り当てた結果発生する発熱量だけでなく、周辺の計算機の発熱量をも含めて温度予測してジョブの割り付けを決定することができ、システムを構成する複数の計算機のうち特定の計算機で過熱が起きることを防ぎ、システムのダウンや全体パフォーマンスの低下を予防することができる。   According to the present invention, by predicting temperature changes of the own computer and all peripheral computers when a job is assigned to each computer, and determining a computer to which a desired job is assigned based on the predicted value, In addition to the calorific value generated as a result of assigning, it is possible to determine the job assignment by predicting the temperature including the calorific value of surrounding computers, and overheating with a specific computer among the multiple computers that make up the system Can be prevented, system down and overall performance degradation can be prevented.

また、本発明によれば、冷却能力の不足したマシンルームで計算機を運用する場合でも、決められた温度制限の中で最大限の能力を引き出すことができ、予想の結果、条件を満たす計算機が見付けられない場合、ジョブの割り当てを保留し、現在割り当てられているジョブが終了するのを待つことで、温度問題によるシステムダウンやパフォーマンスダウンを回避することが可能である。   In addition, according to the present invention, even when a computer is operated in a machine room with insufficient cooling capacity, the maximum capacity can be extracted within a predetermined temperature limit. If it is not found, it is possible to avoid a system down or a performance down due to a temperature problem by suspending the job assignment and waiting for the currently assigned job to end.

次に、本発明を実施するための最良の形態について図面と共に説明する。図１は本発明になるジョブスケジューリング装置の一実施の形態の構成図を示す。同図において、並列計算機システム１００は、ネットワーク１０１によって各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３などを接続した計算機システムである。この並列計算機システム１００におけるジョブの割り付けは、同じネットワーク１０１に接続されたスケジューリング装置１０３が行う。各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３は環境温度センサ１２１、ＣＰＵ温度センサ１２２、並びに消費電力センサ１２３を備えており、スケジューリング装置１０３はネットワーク１０１を通じてこれらの情報を読み出すことができる。また、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３には、最大許容環境温度１２４が設定されており、同様にスケジューリング装置１０３から読み出すことができる。この最大許容環境温度情報は、例えば不揮発性メモリに予め設定されているものとする。別の実装としては、最大許容環境温度１２４は外から書き換え可能として、マシンルームの冷却能力に応じて設定するという実装も考えられる。   Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a job scheduling apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, a parallel computer system 100 is a computer system in which computers 111, 112, 113, etc. are connected by a network 101. Job assignment in the parallel computer system 100 is performed by the scheduling device 103 connected to the same network 101. Each of the computers 111, 112, and 113 includes an environmental temperature sensor 121, a CPU temperature sensor 122, and a power consumption sensor 123, and the scheduling device 103 can read out such information through the network 101. Each computer 111, 112, 113 is set with a maximum allowable environmental temperature 124, and can be read from the scheduling device 103 in the same manner. This maximum allowable environmental temperature information is set in advance in a nonvolatile memory, for example. As another implementation, the maximum allowable environmental temperature 124 can be rewritten from the outside and set according to the cooling capacity of the machine room.

本実施の形態では、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３は環境温度センサ１２１の値とＣＰＵ温度センサ１２２の値とに応じて自動的に計算機内の冷却温度を調整する。この冷却制御は、例えばＢＭＣ（Baseboard Management Controller）などが行う。この機能により、本実施の形態では各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の内部の冷却については考慮しない。   In the present embodiment, each computer 111, 112, 113 automatically adjusts the cooling temperature in the computer according to the value of the environmental temperature sensor 121 and the value of the CPU temperature sensor 122. This cooling control is performed by, for example, a BMC (Baseboard Management Controller). Due to this function, the present embodiment does not consider cooling of the computers 111, 112, and 113.

また、ネットワーク１０１には各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３が設置されている位置情報を保存しておくための環境情報保存装置１０２が接続されている。この環境情報もまたスケジューリング装置１０３から読み出し可能である。また、別の実装方法として、位置情報は各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３に保存されているという実装も考えられる。また、環境温度保存装置１０２には、より正確な温度予測を行うためのデータとして、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の大きさ情報（幅、奥行き、高さ）、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３が設置してあるマシンルームの構造情報、マシンルームの冷却能力を保存している。スケジューリング装置１０３はこれらの情報を読み出して、演算の際の境界条件として用いることで、温度予測を正確に行うことができる。   The network 101 is connected to an environment information storage device 102 for storing location information where the computers 111, 112, and 113 are installed. This environment information can also be read from the scheduling device 103. As another mounting method, mounting in which the position information is stored in each of the computers 111, 112, and 113 is also conceivable. In addition, the environmental temperature storage device 102 includes size information (width, depth, height) of each computer 111, 112, 113 and data 111, 112, 113 as data for more accurate temperature prediction. Stores the structural information of the installed machine room and the cooling capacity of the machine room. The scheduling apparatus 103 can accurately perform temperature prediction by reading out this information and using it as a boundary condition in the calculation.

図２はスケジューリング装置１０３の一例の構成図を示す。同図において、割当決定部２０３は各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の温度センサ値、消費電力センサ値、ジョブを割り付けた際の消費電力の予測値、環境パラメータなどを基に計算機間にジョブを割り当てた際の温度変化を予測し、その予測値を基にジョブの割り付け先計算機を決定する。また、ジョブ分類器２０１、ジョブ履歴テーブル２０２、履歴テーブル管理部２０４は、ジョブの消費電力を予測するために存在する。   FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram of an example of the scheduling apparatus 103. In the figure, the assignment determination unit 203 assigns jobs among computers based on the temperature sensor values, power consumption sensor values, estimated power consumption values when jobs are assigned, environmental parameters, and the like. The temperature change is predicted, and the job assignment destination computer is determined based on the predicted value. A job classifier 201, a job history table 202, and a history table management unit 204 exist for predicting the power consumption of a job.

全てのジョブに対して増加消費電力分を予想するのは難しいため、ジョブを予め複数の種類に分類し、ジョブ履歴テーブル２０２にはこれらの種類毎に履歴がとられる。この場合のジョブの種類とは、例えばデータベース検索トランザクション、ウェブ（Ｗｅｂ）リクエスト、データ処理などであり、スケジューリング装置１０３が分類を行う。   Since it is difficult to predict the increased power consumption for all jobs, the jobs are classified in advance into a plurality of types, and the job history table 202 stores a history for each type. The job types in this case are, for example, database search transactions, web (Web) requests, data processing, and the like, and the scheduling apparatus 103 performs classification.

図３はジョブ履歴テーブル２０２の一例を示す。同図に示すように、ジョブ履歴テーブル２０２は、Ｗｅｂリクエスト、データベース検索、データ処理１、データ処理２のジョブの種類毎に、履歴、消費電力増加、ジョブ時間とを対応付けて記憶している。このジョブ履歴テーブル２０２は図１のネットワーク１０１に接続されているスケジューリング装置１０３がジョブを決定する複数の計算機１１１、１１２、１１３のそれぞれに対応して設けられている。従って、図３に示すジョブ履歴テーブル２０２はネットワークに接続されたある一つの計算機についてのジョブ履歴テーブルであり、その中の「履歴」はその一つの計算機の履歴である。   FIG. 3 shows an example of the job history table 202. As shown in the figure, the job history table 202 stores history, power consumption increase, and job time in association with each job type of Web request, database search, data processing 1, and data processing 2. . The job history table 202 is provided corresponding to each of a plurality of computers 111, 112, 113 for which the scheduling device 103 connected to the network 101 in FIG. Therefore, the job history table 202 shown in FIG. 3 is a job history table for one computer connected to the network, and the “history” therein is the history of the one computer.

次に、本実施の形態の動作について詳細に説明する。まず、図１の環境情報保存部１０２に対して、予め各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の設置位置情報を入力しておく。この設置位置情報は、マシンルーム内における縦方向、横方向、高さ方向といった簡単な情報でもよい。この設置位置情報の入力は人手で行うことを想定しているが、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の設置位置情報はＲＦＩＤなどの公知の技術を用いて自動的に入力される手段が提供されてもよい。また、同様に、環境温度の計算に必要な各種パラメータを図１の環境情報保存装置１０２に設定しておく。これは例えば、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の大きさ情報、マシンルームの構造情報、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の排熱方向、マシンルーム全体の排熱能力、などの情報である。   Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described in detail. First, installation position information of each of the computers 111, 112, and 113 is input in advance to the environment information storage unit 102 in FIG. The installation position information may be simple information such as a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, and a height direction in the machine room. Although it is assumed that the installation position information is input manually, means for automatically inputting the installation position information of each of the computers 111, 112, and 113 using a known technique such as RFID is provided. Also good. Similarly, various parameters necessary for calculating the environmental temperature are set in the environmental information storage device 102 in FIG. This is, for example, information such as size information of each computer 111, 112, 113, machine room structure information, heat exhaust direction of each computer 111, 112, 113, and heat exhaust capability of the entire machine room.

図４（Ａ）、（Ｂ）はジョブを割り当てる先の計算機の決定方法を説明するための構成図とフローチャートを示す。図４（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、ジョブ分類器２０１でジョブを分類し（ステップＳ１）、割当決定部２０３がジョブ履歴テーブル２０２からジョブを割り当てた際の消費電力の増加分の予想値を得る。同時に、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の環境温度センサ１２１の値、各計算機１１１、１１２、１１３の環境パラメータを取得する(ステップＳ２)。   FIGS. 4A and 4B are a configuration diagram and a flowchart for explaining a method of determining a computer to which a job is assigned. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the job classifier 201 classifies the job (step S1), and the allocation determining unit 203 increases the power consumption when the job is allocated from the job history table 202. Get the expected value. At the same time, the value of the environmental temperature sensor 121 of each computer 111, 112, 113 and the environmental parameter of each computer 111, 112, 113 are acquired (step S2).

続いて、割当決定部２０３は各計算機にジョブを割り当てたときの全ての計算機１１１、１１２、１１３における一定時間後の環境温度を予測して割当先を決定する（ステップＳ３）。その後、ジョブ分類器２０１が割当先にジョブの割り当てを行う（ステップＳ４）。   Subsequently, the assignment determination unit 203 determines the assignment destination by predicting the environmental temperature after a predetermined time in all the computers 111, 112, 113 when the job is assigned to each computer (step S3). Thereafter, the job classifier 201 assigns a job to the assignment destination (step S4).

上記のジョブの割り当てについて、具体的に説明する。スケジューリング装置１０３は、あるジョブをある計算機Ｎに割り当てたときの消費電力の増加分Ｗ＿Ｎを、例えば図３のジョブの種類毎の履歴の平均で推定する。図３が例えば図１の計算機１１１のジョブ履歴テーブルであれば、計算機１１１に各ジョブを割り当てた時の平均消費電力量の増加分は、平均消費電力と平均時間とから以下の表１のように求められる。   The above job assignment will be specifically described. The scheduling apparatus 103 estimates the increase in power consumption W_N when a certain job is assigned to a certain computer N, for example, based on the average of the history for each job type in FIG. If FIG. 3 is the job history table of the computer 111 of FIG. 1, for example, the increase in the average power consumption when each job is assigned to the computer 111 is as shown in Table 1 below from the average power consumption and the average time. Is required.

Figure 2008242614
これを各計算機について計算し、その消費電力量に基づいて、ジョブの割当先の計算機を決定する。
Figure 2008242614
 This is calculated for each computer, and the computer to which the job is assigned is determined based on the power consumption.

次に、ステップＳ４のジョブ割当先の決定方法について更に具体的に説明する。まず、ある計算機ＮにジョブＫを割り当てた時の消費電力の増加量Ｗｓ（Ｎ，Ｋ）に基づいて、自計算機と周辺の計算機の温度の上昇量を推定する。計算機ＮにジョブＫを割り当てた時の、自計算機又は周辺の計算機Ｍの温度の上昇推定量をTup(M,N,K)として、全ての周辺の計算機Ｍについて上限環境温度Tlim(M)を超えないＮ，Ｋの組み合わせを探索し、割り当て行う。   Next, the method for determining the job assignment destination in step S4 will be described more specifically. First, based on the power consumption increase amount Ws (N, K) when a job K is assigned to a certain computer N, the temperature increase amount of the local computer and the peripheral computers is estimated. When job K is assigned to computer N, the estimated increase in temperature of its own computer or peripheral computer M is Tup (M, N, K), and the upper limit environmental temperature Tlim (M) is set for all peripheral computers M. A combination of N and K that does not exceed is searched and assigned.

例えば、図１の計算機１１１、１１２、１１３を計算機１，２，３と表記すると共に、これらの計算機のジョブを割り当てる前の環境温度が表２のように示されるものとし、またこれらの計算機の上限環境温度を４０℃とし、Ｗｅｂリクエストのジョブを各計算機に割り当てたときの、各計算機の平均消費電力量が表３のようになったものとする。   For example, the computers 111, 112, and 113 in FIG. 1 are expressed as computers 1, 2, and 3, and the environmental temperature before assigning jobs of these computers is shown in Table 2, and Assume that the upper limit environmental temperature is 40 ° C. and the average power consumption of each computer is as shown in Table 3 when a Web request job is assigned to each computer.

Figure 2008242614
Figure 2008242614

Figure 2008242614
次に、その平均消費電力量を用いて計算機ｘにジョブを割り当てた時の、計算機（自計算機と他計算機）ｙの温度上昇量の推定値を表４のように求め、計算機ｘにジョブを割り当てた時の、計算機（自計算機と他計算機）ｙの温度の推定値を表５のように求める。
Figure 2008242614
 Next, when the job is assigned to the computer x using the average power consumption, an estimated value of the temperature rise amount of the computer (own computer and other computers) y is obtained as shown in Table 4, and the job is assigned to the computer x. The estimated value of the temperature of the computer (own computer and other computer) y at the time of allocation is obtained as shown in Table 5.

Figure 2008242614
Figure 2008242614

Figure 2008242614
ただし、表４及び表５において縦軸の計算機は上記の計算機ｘを示し、横軸の計算機は上記の計算機ｙを示す。従って、例えば、表４の２行１列目の「０.３」は計算機２（１１２）にジョブを割り当てた時の、計算機１（１１１）の温度上昇の推定値を示し、表５の２行１列目の「37.5」は計算機２（１１２）にジョブを割り当てた時の、計算機１（１１１）の温度の推定値を示す。
Figure 2008242614
 However, in Tables 4 and 5, the vertical axis computer indicates the above-mentioned computer x, and the horizontal axis computer indicates the above-mentioned computer y. Therefore, for example, “0.3” in the second row and first column of Table 4 indicates an estimated value of the temperature rise of the computer 1 (111) when a job is assigned to the computer 2 (112). “37.5” in the first column of the row indicates an estimated value of the temperature of the computer 1 (111) when a job is assigned to the computer 2 (112).

その結果、表５から計算機１（１１１）にジョブを割り当てたときは、上限環境温度（４０℃）と温度推定値との差分が最も小さな計算機ｙは計算機２（１１２）の１.２℃であり、また、計算機２（１１２）にジョブを割り当てたときは、上限環境温度（４０℃）と温度推定値との差分が最も小さな計算機ｙは計算機２（１１２）の０.２℃であり、また、計算機３（１１３）にジョブを割り当てたときは、上限環境温度（４０℃）と温度推定値との差分が最も小さな計算機ｙは計算機２（１１２）の１.２５℃であることが分かる。このうち、差分温度が最も大きな１.２５℃はジョブを計算機３（１１３）に割り当てた場合であるので、計算機３（１１３）に割り当てるのが最も上限環境温度（４０℃）からのマージンが大きいと推定できるため、スケジューリング装置１０３は計算機３（１１３）にジョブを割り当てることになる。   As a result, when a job is assigned to computer 1 (111) from Table 5, the computer y having the smallest difference between the upper limit environmental temperature (40 ° C.) and the estimated temperature is 1.2 ° C. of computer 2 (112). Yes, and when the job is assigned to the computer 2 (112), the computer y having the smallest difference between the upper limit environment temperature (40 ° C.) and the estimated temperature value is 0.2 ° C. of the computer 2 (112). When a job is assigned to the computer 3 (113), the computer y having the smallest difference between the upper limit environmental temperature (40 ° C.) and the estimated temperature is 1.25 ° C. of the computer 2 (112). . Of these, 1.25 ° C. having the largest differential temperature is a case where the job is assigned to the computer 3 (113), and therefore, the margin from the upper limit environmental temperature (40 ° C.) is the largest to be assigned to the computer 3 (113). Therefore, the scheduling apparatus 103 assigns a job to the computer 3 (113).

次に、ジョブ管理テーブル２０２の管理について、図５（Ａ）のスケジューリング装置１０３の構成図と同図（Ｂ）のフローチャートと共に説明する。まず、ジョブ分類器２０１はジョブを予めある程度の種類に分類する（ステップＳ１１）。続いて、ジョブ分類器２０１はジョブ割当先の計算機を決定し（ステップＳ１２）、ジョブを各計算機に投入した後（ステップＳ１３）、履歴テーブル管理部２０４が一定時間後の投入計算機の消費電力センサ１２３の値を読んでおく（ステップＳ１４）。   Next, management of the job management table 202 will be described with reference to the configuration diagram of the scheduling apparatus 103 in FIG. 5A and the flowchart in FIG. First, the job classifier 201 classifies jobs into certain types in advance (step S11). Subsequently, the job classifier 201 determines a job assignment destination computer (step S12), and after the job is input to each computer (step S13), the history table management unit 204 uses the power consumption sensor of the input computer after a predetermined time. The value of 123 is read (step S14).

続いて、履歴テーブル管理部２０４は、計算機のジョブの完了を確認すると、そのジョブの種類をインデックスとして、ジョブ完了までの時間と、ジョブ実行中の消費電力センサ１２３で検出した消費電力値をジョブ履歴テーブル２０２に追加書き込みをする（ステップＳ１５）。ジョブ履歴テーブル２０２は各ジョブの種類に対して有限のエントリしか持ち得ないため、ラウンドロビン方式でエントリを上書きしていく。   Subsequently, when the history table management unit 204 confirms the completion of the job of the computer, the job type uses the job type as an index to calculate the time until completion of the job and the power consumption value detected by the power consumption sensor 123 during job execution. Additional writing is performed in the history table 202 (step S15). Since the job history table 202 can have only a finite entry for each job type, the entry is overwritten by the round robin method.

ところで、消費電力上昇値から他の計算機の温度上昇の推定値を求める方法としては、以下の方法がある。スケジューリング装置１０３がまず、ジョブを割り当てる度に図３のような消費電力の履歴を取り、これから消費電力量を求め、続いてジョブを割り当てる前とジョブが終了した時の全計算機の温度の差分をとる。続いて、スケジューリング装置１０３は、各計算機毎に消費電力量の上昇値と温度の上昇値の図６に示すような相関図を作成し、それに基づいて相関関数を求める（例えば、一次式で）。この相関関数を用いて、スケジューリング装置１０３は各計算機毎に、その計算機の消費電力量の上昇値から他の計算機における温度上昇値を推定する。   By the way, as a method for obtaining an estimated value of the temperature rise of another computer from the power consumption rise value, there are the following methods. The scheduling device 103 first takes a power consumption history as shown in FIG. 3 every time a job is assigned, and obtains the power consumption amount from this, and then calculates the temperature difference between all computers before the job is assigned and when the job is finished. Take. Subsequently, the scheduling apparatus 103 creates a correlation diagram as shown in FIG. 6 of the increase value of power consumption and the increase value of temperature for each computer, and obtains a correlation function based on the correlation diagram (for example, by a linear expression). . Using this correlation function, the scheduling device 103 estimates, for each computer, the temperature increase value in another computer from the increase value of the power consumption of that computer.

なお、前記環境温度の予測は、熱拡散を数値計算で解くことによって得ることもできる。この場合はスケジューリング装置１０３は、このために必要な情報を環境情報保存装置１０２から読み出し、適当な大きさの格子を設定して熱伝導や対流による温度変化の時間発展を数値計算する。系がある程度平衡に達したと判断したら数値計算を止め、そのときの他の各計算機における温度変化の予想値を記憶しておく。   The environmental temperature can be predicted by solving the thermal diffusion by numerical calculation. In this case, the scheduling device 103 reads information necessary for this from the environment information storage device 102, sets an appropriately sized grid, and numerically calculates the time evolution of temperature change due to heat conduction or convection. When it is determined that the system has reached a certain level of equilibrium, the numerical calculation is stopped, and the predicted value of the temperature change in each of the other computers at that time is stored.

スケジューリング装置１０３は、この予想を全ての計算機１１１、１１２、１１３に対して行い、温度条件が最も緩くなるジョブの割り当てを採用する。温度条件が最も緩いジョブの割り当てとは、温度条件が最もシビアな計算機（最大許容環境温度と環境温度の差が最も小さな計算機）の最大許容環境温度と環境温度の差が最も大きくなる割り当てである。すなわち、計算機ｉにジョブを割り付けた際の計算機ｊ（自計算機ｉも含む）における予想環境温度をＴｉｊとし、また、計算機ｊの最大許容環境温度をＴＣｊとすると、ジョブを各計算機ｉに割り当てた時の各計算機ｊそれぞれにおける最大許容環境温度ＴＣｊと予想環境温度Ｔｉｊとの差分の温度が最も小さな複数の計算機ｊのうち、最大の差分温度を示すときのジョブが割り当てられている計算機ｉ、すなわち、max_i(min_j(TCj-Tij))を満たす割り当て計算機ｉを求める。この計算機ｉが温度条件が最も緩くなるジョブの割当先計算機となる。   The scheduling apparatus 103 makes this prediction for all the computers 111, 112, and 113, and employs the job assignment in which the temperature condition becomes the most lenient. The job with the mildest temperature condition is an assignment in which the difference between the maximum allowable environment temperature and the environment temperature of the computer with the severest temperature condition (the computer with the smallest difference between the maximum allowable environment temperature and the environment temperature) is the largest. . In other words, assuming that the predicted environmental temperature in computer j (including its own computer i) when assigning a job to computer i is Tij, and the maximum allowable environmental temperature of computer j is TCj, the job is assigned to each computer i. Among the plurality of computers j having the smallest difference between the maximum allowable environment temperature TCj and the predicted environment temperature Tij in each computer j at the time, the computer i to which the job indicating the maximum difference temperature is assigned, that is, , Max_i (min_j (TCj-Tij)) is assigned. This computer i becomes a job assignment destination computer whose temperature condition is the least severe.

このような計算機ｉが存在しない場合、スケジューリング装置１０３は、ジョブの割り当てをペンディングし、現在実行されているジョブが一つでも終了するのを待ち、再度割当先を決定する。また、各計算機の最大許容環境温度は書き換え可能にして、マシンルームの冷却能力が不足しているような場合に、この値を調整することでマシンルームの冷却能力を超える過熱を防ぐ運用を行うこともできる。この場合の設定値TC_limitは、計算機を設置する際に予め求めておく。   When such a computer i does not exist, the scheduling apparatus 103 waits for the job assignment, waits for any currently executed job to end, and determines the assignment destination again. In addition, the maximum allowable environmental temperature of each computer can be rewritten, and when the cooling capacity of the machine room is insufficient, this value is adjusted to prevent overheating exceeding the cooling capacity of the machine room. You can also. The set value TC_limit in this case is obtained in advance when the computer is installed.

本発明のジョブスケジューリング装置の一実施の形態の構成図である。It is a block diagram of one embodiment of a job scheduling apparatus of the present invention. 図１中のスケジューリング装置の一例の構成図である。It is a block diagram of an example of the scheduling apparatus in FIG. 図２中のジョブ履歴テーブルの一例を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a job history table in FIG. 2. ジョブを割り当てる先の計算機の決定方法を説明するためのスケジューリング装置の構成図と動作説明用フローチャートである。It is a block diagram and a flowchart for explaining operation of a scheduling device for explaining a method of determining a computer to which a job is assigned. ジョブ管理テーブルの管理方法を説明するためのスケジューリング装置の構成図と動作説明用フローチャートである。It is a block diagram of a scheduling apparatus for demonstrating the management method of a job management table, and the flowchart for operation | movement description. 計算機の消費電力量上昇と温度上昇との相関関係の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the correlation of the power consumption amount rise of a computer, and a temperature rise.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１００ 並列計算機システム
１０１ ネットワーク
１０２ 環境情報保存装置
１０３ スケジューリング装置
１１１、１１２、１１３ 計算機
１２１ 環境温度センサ
１２２ ＣＰＵ温度センサ
１２３ 消費電力センサ
１２４ 最大許容環境温度
２０１ ジョブ分類器
２０２ ジョブ履歴テーブル
２０３ 割当決定部
２０４ 履歴テーブル管理部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Parallel computer system 101 Network 102 Environment information storage apparatus 103 Scheduling apparatus 111, 112, 113 Computer 121 Environment temperature sensor 122 CPU temperature sensor 123 Power consumption sensor 124 Maximum permissible environment temperature 201 Job classifier 202 Job history table 203 Assignment determination part 204 History table management department

Claims (10)

複数の計算機にネットワークを介して接続され、各計算機毎にジョブを割り当てるジョブスケジューリング装置であって、
割り当てようとする所望のジョブを分類するジョブ分類手段と、
前記ジョブ分類手段の分類結果と、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とに基づいて、前記所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の温度変化を予測し、その予測値に基づいて前記所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する割当決定手段と、
前記割当決定手段により決定された計算機に対して、前記所望のジョブを割り当てるジョブ割当手段と
を有することを特徴とするジョブスケジューリング装置。 A job scheduling apparatus that is connected to a plurality of computers via a network and assigns a job to each computer,
Job classification means for classifying a desired job to be assigned;
Based on the classification result of the job classification means and at least temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers, the desired job is assigned to each computer. Allocation determining means for predicting temperature changes of the local computer and all peripheral computers when allocating to the computer, and determining a computer to which the desired job is allocated based on the predicted value;
A job scheduling apparatus comprising: a job allocation unit that allocates the desired job to a computer determined by the allocation determination unit. 前記複数の計算機のそれぞれについて、前記ジョブ分類手段で分類される前記ジョブの種類毎の履歴と消費電力増加分とジョブの実行時間との対応関係を予め記憶したジョブ履歴テーブルを有し、
前記割当決定手段は、前記ジョブ分類手段の分類結果と、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とから前記ジョブ履歴テーブルを参照して前記所望のジョブを前記各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の消費電力量増加分を予測し、その消費電力量増加分の予測値に基づいて前記温度変化を予測し、その温度変化予測値に基づいて前記所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定することを特徴とする請求項１記載のジョブスケジューリング装置。 For each of the plurality of computers, there is a job history table that stores in advance the correspondence between the history of each type of job classified by the job classification unit, the increase in power consumption, and the execution time of the job,
The assignment determination means includes the job history table based on a classification result of the job classification means and at least temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers. The increase in power consumption of the own computer and all peripheral computers when the desired job is assigned to each computer with reference to the computer is predicted, and the temperature change is based on the predicted value of the increase in power consumption. The job scheduling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a computer to which the desired job is assigned is determined based on a predicted temperature change value. 前記並列計算機システムは、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれの大きさ情報、計算機設置位置情報及び設置場所の冷却能力情報に基づく各計算機毎の環境情報を保存する環境情報保存装置を有すると共に、前記複数の計算機は環境温度を計測する環境温度計測手段を更に有しており、
前記環境情報保存装置から読み出した前記環境情報に基づいて、前記所望のジョブを前記各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれに設定されている最大許容環境温度と前記環境温度計測手段からの環境温度との差の温度が最小値を示し、かつ、最小値を示す差の温度のうち最大の差の温度を示したときのジョブ割り当て計算機をジョブを割り当てる計算機として決定し、前記最大の差の温度を示す計算機が存在しない場合、ジョブの割り当てを保留する手段を更に有することを特徴とする請求項１記載のジョブスケジューリング装置。 The parallel computer system includes an environment information storage device that stores environment information for each computer based on size information of each of the plurality of computers, computer installation position information, and cooling capacity information of the installation location, and the plurality of computers The computer further has an environmental temperature measuring means for measuring the environmental temperature,
Based on the environment information read from the environment information storage device, the maximum set for each of the plurality of computers of the own computer and all the peripheral computers when the desired job is assigned to each computer. The job allocation computer when the temperature of the difference between the allowable environmental temperature and the environmental temperature from the environmental temperature measuring means shows the minimum value and the maximum temperature of the difference temperatures showing the minimum value is shown as a job The job scheduling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for deferring job assignment when there is no computer indicating the temperature of the maximum difference. 前記割当決定手段は、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とに基づいて、前記所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てる前と割り当てた後の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の温度の差分を計測し、各計算機毎に前記消費電力量の上昇値と温度の上昇値との相関関係から相関関数を求め、その相関係数を用いて各計算機の消費電力量の上昇値に基づいて周辺の計算機における温度上昇値を推定し、その推定値に基づいて前記所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する手段であることを特徴とする請求項１記載のジョブスケジューリング装置。   The allocation determining means is configured to allocate the desired job to each computer based on at least temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers. Measure the difference in temperature between the local computer and all nearby computers after assigning and calculate the correlation function from the correlation between the increase in power consumption and the increase in temperature for each computer, and the correlation A means for estimating a temperature rise value in a peripheral computer based on an increase value of power consumption of each computer using a number, and determining a computer to which the desired job is assigned based on the estimated value The job scheduling apparatus according to claim 1. ジョブを割り当てられた計算機の一定時間後の消費電力情報を取得し、ジョブの完了後にそのジョブの種類をインデックスとして、ジョブ完了までの時間とジョブ実行中の消費電力の値とを前記ジョブ履歴テーブルに追加更新するジョブ履歴テーブル管理手段を更に有することを特徴とする請求項２記載のジョブスケジューリング装置。   Obtains power consumption information after a certain time of a computer to which a job is assigned, and uses the job type as an index after completion of the job, and the job history table shows the time until job completion and the value of power consumption during job execution. The job scheduling apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising job history table management means for additionally updating the information. 前記割当決定手段は、前記ジョブ分類手段の分類結果と、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とから前記ジョブ履歴テーブルを参照して消費電力増加分と実行時間とから前記所望のジョブを前記各計算機に割り当てた時の周辺のすべての計算機の消費電力量増加分を予測すると共に、各計算機に前記所望のジョブを割り当てた時の全ての計算機における一定時間後の環境温度を推定し、前記消費電力量増加分の予測値と前記環境温度の推定値とに基づいて前記所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する手段であることを特徴とする請求項２記載のジョブスケジューリング装置。   The assignment determination means includes the job history table based on a classification result of the job classification means and at least temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers. Referring to FIG. 4, the increase in power consumption of all the peripheral computers when the desired job is assigned to each computer from the increase in power consumption and execution time is predicted, and the desired job is assigned to each computer. A means for estimating an environmental temperature after a predetermined time in all the computers at the time of assignment, and determining a computer to which the desired job is assigned based on the predicted value of the increase in power consumption and the estimated value of the environmental temperature. The job scheduling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the job scheduling apparatus is provided. 複数の計算機にネットワークを介して接続され、各計算機毎にジョブを割り当てるジョブスケジューリング方法であって、
割り当てようとする所望のジョブを分類する第１のステップと、
前記ジョブの分類結果と、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とに基づいて、前記所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の温度変化を予測する第２のステップと、
前記温度変化の予測値に基づいて前記所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する第３のステップと、
前記第３のステップにより決定された計算機に対して、前記所望のジョブを割り当てる第４のステップと
を含むことを特徴とするジョブスケジューリング方法。 A job scheduling method that is connected to a plurality of computers via a network and assigns a job to each computer,
A first step of classifying a desired job to be assigned;
The desired job is allocated to each computer based on the job classification result and at least the temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers. A second step of predicting temperature changes of the local computer and all nearby computers when
A third step of determining a computer to which the desired job is assigned based on the predicted value of the temperature change;
And a fourth step of assigning the desired job to the computer determined in the third step. 前記第３のステップは、前記ジョブの分類結果と、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とから、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれについて、前記ジョブの種類毎の履歴と消費電力増加分とジョブの実行時間との対応関係を予め記憶したジョブ履歴テーブルを参照して前記所望のジョブを前記各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の消費電力量増加分を予測する消費電力量増加分予測ステップと、その消費電力量増加分の予測値に基づいて前記温度変化を予測して、その温度変化予測値に基づいて前記所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する決定ステップとからなることを特徴とする請求項７記載のジョブスケジューリング方法。   The third step is based on the job classification result and at least the temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers. For each of the above, the job history table storing the correspondence between the history for each type of job, the increase in power consumption, and the execution time of the job is referred to, and the desired job is assigned to each computer. Predicting an increase in power consumption amount for predicting an increase in power consumption amount of the computer and all surrounding computers, predicting the temperature change based on the predicted value of the increase in power consumption amount, and predicting the temperature change value The job scheduling method according to claim 7, further comprising: a determining step for determining a computer to which the desired job is assigned based on the method. 前記並列計算機システムは、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれの大きさ情報、計算機設置位置情報及び設置場所の冷却能力情報に基づく各計算機毎の環境情報を保存する環境情報保存装置を有すると共に、前記複数の計算機は環境温度を計測する環境温度計測手段を更に有しており、
前記環境情報保存装置から読み出した前記環境情報に基づいて、前記所望のジョブを前記各計算機に割り当てた時の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれに設定されている最大許容環境温度と前記環境温度計測手段からの環境温度との差の温度が最小値を示し、かつ、最小値を示す差の温度のうち最大の差の温度を示したときのジョブ割り当て計算機をジョブを割り当てる計算機として決定し、前記最大の差の温度を示す計算機が存在しない場合、ジョブの割り当てを保留するステップを更に有することを特徴とする請求項７記載のジョブスケジューリング方法。 The parallel computer system includes an environment information storage device that stores environment information for each computer based on size information of each of the plurality of computers, computer installation position information, and cooling capacity information of the installation location, and the plurality of computers The computer further has an environmental temperature measuring means for measuring the environmental temperature,
Based on the environment information read from the environment information storage device, the maximum set for each of the plurality of computers of the own computer and all the peripheral computers when the desired job is assigned to each computer. The job allocation computer when the temperature of the difference between the allowable environmental temperature and the environmental temperature from the environmental temperature measuring means shows the minimum value and the maximum temperature of the difference temperatures showing the minimum value is shown as a job The job scheduling method according to claim 7, further comprising a step of deferring job assignment when there is no computer indicating the temperature of the maximum difference. 前記第３のステップは、前記複数の計算機のそれぞれから入力される各計算機毎に検出された少なくとも各計算機の内部の温度情報及び消費電力情報とに基づいて、前記所望のジョブを各計算機に割り当てる前と割り当てた後の自計算機と周辺のすべての計算機の温度の差分を計測する差分計測ステップと、各計算機毎に前記消費電力量の上昇値と温度の上昇値との相関関係から相関関数を求め、その相関係数を用いて各計算機の消費電力量の上昇値に基づいて周辺の計算機における温度上昇値を推定する温度上昇値推定ステップと、前記温度上昇値の推定値に基づいて前記所望のジョブを割り当てる計算機を決定する決定ステップとからなることを特徴とする請求項７記載のジョブスケジューリング方法。   The third step assigns the desired job to each computer based on at least temperature information and power consumption information inside each computer detected for each computer input from each of the plurality of computers. The difference measurement step for measuring the temperature difference between the computer before and after the assigned computer and all surrounding computers, and a correlation function from the correlation between the increase value of the power consumption and the increase value of the temperature for each computer. A temperature rise value estimation step for estimating a temperature rise value in a surrounding computer based on the rise value of the power consumption of each computer using the correlation coefficient, and the desired value based on the estimated value of the temperature rise value 8. The job scheduling method according to claim 7, further comprising a determining step of determining a computer to which the job is assigned.
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