JP2008214784A - Activated carbon fiber and exhaust gas purification apparatus - Google Patents

Activated carbon fiber and exhaust gas purification apparatus Download PDF

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JP2008214784A
JP2008214784A JP2007050684A JP2007050684A JP2008214784A JP 2008214784 A JP2008214784 A JP 2008214784A JP 2007050684 A JP2007050684 A JP 2007050684A JP 2007050684 A JP2007050684 A JP 2007050684A JP 2008214784 A JP2008214784 A JP 2008214784A
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activated carbon
carbon fiber
metal
exhaust gas
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Atsushi Tanaka
田中  敦
Akinori Yasutake
昭典 安武
Tomoaki Sugiyama
友章 杉山
Kiyoshi Tatsuhara
潔 龍原
Masashi Kiyozawa
正志 清澤
Masaaki Yoshikawa
正晃 吉川
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an activated carbon fiber contributing to the improvement of oxidation reaction contributing to desulfurization or denitrification, and an exhaust gas purification apparatus using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The activated carbon fiber has a metal 12, e.g. iron (Fe) on the surface of the activated carbon fiber 11, and heat treatment (250 to 1,200°C) of the fiber brings about scattered pseudo graphitized parts 13 which are fine granular lumps of graphite as a precursor of a carbon crystal, and as the result, the transfer of electrons is activated, the oxidation reaction of e.g. SO<SB>2</SB>in the exhaust gas is improved, and the desulfurization or denitrification reaction is accelerated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、例えばボイラ等の排煙中の窒素酸化物、硫黄酸化物等の有害物質の除去用として好適な活性炭素繊維及びそれを用いた排ガス浄化装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an activated carbon fiber suitable for removing harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in flue gas such as boilers, and an exhaust gas purification apparatus using the same.

従来、活性炭法による排煙処理として、例えば粒状活性炭及びペレット状活性炭に処理ガスを透過接触させ、窒素酸化物、硫黄酸化物等の有害成分を吸着除去する方法が提案されている(特許文献1)。
しかしながら、このような方法では、活性炭層を処理ガスが透過流通する際に、過大な圧力損失を生じ、それを補う大量の通風機動力を必要とし、その結果として設備の大型化・複雑化も避けられない、という問題があった。
Conventionally, as the flue gas treatment by the activated carbon method, for example, a method of adsorbing and removing harmful components such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides by allowing a treatment gas to permeate and contact granular activated carbon and pelleted activated carbon has been proposed (Patent Document 1). ).
However, in such a method, when the processing gas permeates and circulates through the activated carbon layer, an excessive pressure loss is generated, and a large amount of ventilator power is required to compensate for this, resulting in an increase in size and complexity of the equipment. There was a problem that was inevitable.

そのため、圧力損失を低減する目的で活性炭素繊維を用いハニカム状の成型体を作り、これを用いて排煙中の窒素酸化物、硫黄酸化物等を処理する方法が提案されている(特許文献2)。   For this reason, a method has been proposed in which activated carbon fibers are used to reduce the pressure loss and a honeycomb-shaped molded body is used to treat nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and the like in the flue gas (Patent Literature). 2).

従来、排ガス中の硫黄酸化物の除去方法として、活性炭素繊維を用いたガス浄化装置が提案されている。このガス浄化装置の一例を図8に示す。図8に示すように、ガス浄化装置100は、硫黄酸化物を含有する排ガス101又は生成ガスが流通する浄化塔102内に設けられ、活性炭素繊維層で形成される浄化槽103と、上記浄化塔102内に設けられ、上記浄化槽103に硫酸生成用の水104を供給する散水ノズル105とからなるものである。前記活性炭素繊維からなる浄化槽103で排ガス101を浄化し、浄化ガス106としている(特許文献3)。図8中、符号107は排ガス101を押し込む押込みファン、108は水104を供給する水供給装置、109は排ガス101を冷却する増湿冷却水、110は増湿冷却装置、111、112はポンプ、113は弁を各々図示する。   Conventionally, a gas purification apparatus using activated carbon fibers has been proposed as a method for removing sulfur oxides in exhaust gas. An example of this gas purification apparatus is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, a gas purification apparatus 100 is provided in a purification tower 102 in which exhaust gas 101 containing sulfur oxides or product gas flows, and is formed with an activated carbon fiber layer, and the purification tower described above. The water spray nozzle 105 is provided in the water 102 and supplies the water 104 for sulfuric acid generation to the septic tank 103. The exhaust gas 101 is purified by the purification tank 103 made of the activated carbon fiber to obtain the purified gas 106 (Patent Document 3). In FIG. 8, reference numeral 107 is a pushing fan for pushing the exhaust gas 101, 108 is a water supply device for supplying water 104, 109 is humidified cooling water for cooling the exhaust gas 101, 110 is a humidified cooling device, 111 and 112 are pumps, Reference numerals 113 each indicate a valve.

また、従来のガス浄化装置100に用いられる前記浄化槽103としては、例えば図9に示すように、前記浄化槽103を構成する活性炭素繊維層120が、平板部活性炭素繊維シート121と波板状活性炭素繊維シート122とを接合してその断面が三角形状の通路123に構成されている。   Moreover, as the said purification tank 103 used for the conventional gas purification apparatus 100, as shown, for example in FIG. 9, the activated carbon fiber layer 120 which comprises the said purification tank 103 has the flat plate part activated carbon fiber sheet 121 and the corrugated active. A carbon fiber sheet 122 is joined to form a passage 123 having a triangular cross section.

前記浄化槽103を活性炭素繊維シートとすることにより、その繊維層において、前記排ガス101中の微粒子であるSO3ミスト、煤塵は、前記活性炭素繊維シートに捕集されて、前記散水ノズル105から散水された前記水104と反応して亜硫酸となり、前記浄化槽103から離脱され、希硫酸(H2SO4)114として浄化塔102本体の下方側へ洗い流すようにしている。 By using the activated carbon fiber sheet as the septic tank 103, SO 3 mist and dust, which are fine particles in the exhaust gas 101, are collected in the activated carbon fiber sheet in the fiber layer and sprayed from the water nozzle 105. The water 104 reacts with the water 104 to become sulfurous acid, is removed from the septic tank 103, and is washed as dilute sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) 114 to the lower side of the purification tower 102 main body.

また、前記排ガス101中のSO2は、以下の反応により脱硫反応が生じている。
即ち、(1)前記浄化槽103の繊維層への前記排ガス101中のSO2の吸着がなされる。(2)次いで、吸着したSO2と前記排ガス101中の酸素(O2)(別途供給することも可である)との反応によるSO3への酸化がなされる。(3)その後、酸化したSO3が前記水104と反応し、希硫酸(H2SO4)の生成がなされる。(4)生成された希硫酸(H2SO4)が前記浄化槽103から離脱される。
The SO 2 in the exhaust gas 101 undergoes a desulfurization reaction by the following reaction.
That is, (1) SO 2 in the exhaust gas 101 is adsorbed on the fiber layer of the septic tank 103. (2) Next, oxidation to SO 3 is performed by reaction between the adsorbed SO 2 and oxygen (O 2 ) in the exhaust gas 101 (which can be supplied separately). (3) Thereafter, the oxidized SO 3 reacts with the water 104 to produce dilute sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ). (4) The produced dilute sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is detached from the septic tank 103.

この時の反応式は以下の通りである。
SO2+1/2O2+H2O→H2SO4
The reaction formula at this time is as follows.
SO 2 + 1 / 2O 2 + H 2 O → H 2 SO 4

そのため、前記排ガス101中のSO3ミスト等の微粒子、SO2を吸着して酸化し、水104と反応させて希硫酸(H2SO4)114として離脱除去される。 Therefore, fine particles such as SO 3 mist and SO 2 in the exhaust gas 101 are adsorbed and oxidized, and reacted with water 104 to be removed as dilute sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) 114.

この結果、前記排ガス101中の煤塵、SO3ミストを捕集し硫酸として脱硫すると共に、SO2を吸着酸化して脱硫し硫黄酸化物(SOX)を除去するようにしている。 As a result, dust and SO 3 mist in the exhaust gas 101 are collected and desulfurized as sulfuric acid, and SO 2 is adsorbed and oxidized to desulfurize to remove sulfur oxides (SO x ).

特開昭55−8880号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-8880 特開昭64−11626号公報JP-A 64-11626 特開2005−028216号公報Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-028216

ところで、前記排ガス処理装置により、石炭や重油等の燃料を燃焼させるボイラからの排ガスを処理する場合を考えると、これらの排ガス量は膨大であるため、排ガス処理装置の脱硫効率の向上が必要になる。そこで、脱硫効率を上げるためには、装置を大型化するばかりでなく、触媒として用いられている活性炭素繊維自体の脱硫効率を向上させることが必要となる。   By the way, considering the case where exhaust gas from a boiler that burns fuel such as coal or heavy oil is processed by the exhaust gas treatment device, the amount of such exhaust gas is enormous, and therefore it is necessary to improve the desulfurization efficiency of the exhaust gas treatment device. Become. Thus, in order to increase the desulfurization efficiency, it is necessary not only to increase the size of the apparatus but also to improve the desulfurization efficiency of the activated carbon fiber itself used as a catalyst.

本発明は、前記問題に鑑み、脱硫又は脱硝に寄与する酸化反応向上に寄与する活性炭素繊維及びそれを用いた排ガス浄化装置を提供することを課題とする。   This invention makes it a subject to provide the activated carbon fiber which contributes to the oxidation reaction which contributes to desulfurization or denitration, and the exhaust gas purification apparatus using the same in view of the said problem.

上述した課題を解決するための本発明の第1の発明は、活性炭素繊維表面に金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に擬似黒鉛化部分を点在させてなることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維にある。   The first invention of the present invention for solving the above-described problem is that a metal is added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber, and heat treatment at 250 to 1200 ° C. is performed, so that pseudo-graphitized portions are scattered on the surface of the activated carbon fiber. The activated carbon fiber is characterized by comprising:

第2の発明は、酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属の周囲の一部又は全部を擬似黒鉛化部で覆ってなることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維にある。   2nd invention adds the surface metal of the activated carbon fiber which has an oxygen functional group, performs 250-1200 degreeC heat processing, and pseudo-graphitizes a part or all of the circumference | surroundings of the metal added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber. The activated carbon fiber is characterized by being covered with a portion.

第3の発明は、酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属と活性炭素繊維の炭素とをカーバイド化させて、擬似黒鉛化部を形成してなることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維にある。   In the third aspect of the invention, a surface metal of activated carbon fiber having an oxygen functional group is added, and heat treatment at 250 to 1200 ° C. is performed to convert the metal added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber and carbon of the activated carbon fiber into carbide. The activated carbon fiber is characterized by forming a pseudo-graphitized part.

第4の発明は、第1乃至3のいずれか一つの発明において、前記金属が、クロム、イリジウム、マンガン、パラジウム、プラチナ、鉄、コバルト、銀のいずれか一つであることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維にある。   A fourth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to third inventions, the metal is any one of chromium, iridium, manganese, palladium, platinum, iron, cobalt, and silver. Located in carbon fiber.

第5の発明は、第1乃至4のいずれか一つの活性炭素繊維からなる触媒層を排ガスが流通する浄化塔内に配設してなることを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置にある。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an exhaust gas purifying apparatus characterized in that a catalyst layer made of any one of the first to fourth activated carbon fibers is disposed in a purification tower through which exhaust gas flows.

第6の発明は、活性炭素繊維表面に金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施し、活性炭素繊維表面に擬似黒鉛化部分を点在することを特徴とする活性炭素繊維の改質方法にある。   6th invention adds a metal to the surface of activated carbon fiber, performs heat processing of 250-1200 degreeC, and has the pseudo-graphitized part dotted on the surface of activated carbon fiber, The modification method of activated carbon fiber characterized by the above-mentioned It is in.

第7の発明は、酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属の周囲の一部又は全部を擬似黒鉛化部で覆うことを特徴とする活性炭素繊維の改質方法にある。   7th invention adds the surface metal of the activated carbon fiber which has an oxygen functional group, performs 250-1200 degreeC heat processing, and pseudo-graphitizes part or all of the circumference | surroundings of the metal added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber. It is in the modification method of the activated carbon fiber characterized by covering with a part.

第8の発明は、酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施し、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属と活性炭素繊維の炭素とをカーバイド化させ、擬似黒鉛化部を形成することを特徴とする活性炭素繊維の改質方法にある。   8th invention adds the surface metal of the activated carbon fiber which has an oxygen functional group, heat-processes 250-1200 degreeC, makes the metal added to the activated carbon fiber surface, and carbon of activated carbon fiber carbide. An active carbon fiber modification method is characterized by forming a pseudo-graphitized part.

第9の発明は、第6乃至8のいずれか一つの発明において、前記金属が、クロム、イリジウム、マンガン、パラジウム、プラチナ、鉄、コバルト、銀のいずれか一つであることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維の改質方法にある。   A ninth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the sixth to eighth inventions, the metal is any one of chromium, iridium, manganese, palladium, platinum, iron, cobalt, and silver. It is in the carbon fiber modification method.

本発明によれば、活性炭素繊維の表面の一部を擬似黒鉛化することで、酸化活性が促進され脱硫又は脱硝反応が促進されるものとなる。   According to the present invention, a part of the surface of the activated carbon fiber is pseudographitized, whereby the oxidation activity is promoted and the desulfurization or denitration reaction is promoted.

以下、この発明につき図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。なお、この実施例によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。また、下記実施例における構成要素には、当業者が容易に想定できるもの、あるいは実質的に同一のものが含まれる。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

本発明による実施例に第1の係る活性炭素繊維の表面改質方法について、図面を参照して説明する。
本実施例に係る第1の活性炭素繊維の表面改質方法は、活性炭素繊維表面に金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施し、活性炭素繊維表面に擬似黒鉛化部分を点在させるものである。
A method for modifying the surface of activated carbon fiber according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the first surface modification method for activated carbon fibers according to the present embodiment, a metal is added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber, heat treatment at 250 to 1200 ° C. is performed, and pseudo-graphitized portions are scattered on the surface of the activated carbon fiber. Is.

図1に示すように、活性炭素繊維11の表面に例えば鉄等の金属(Fe)12が存在し、熱処理することで、炭素結晶の前駆体である黒鉛の微細な粒塊の擬似黒鉛化部13が発生する。
この結晶化向上処理を施すことで擬似黒鉛化部13が点在する結果、部分的な炭素結晶粒塊が活性炭素繊維11に散在することとなる。
このような擬似黒鉛化部13が活性炭素繊維11に複数存在するので、活性炭素繊維における該黒鉛化状態の部分が存在することにより、電子の授受が活発化することとなる。
これにより、排ガス中の例えばSO2の酸化反応が向上し、脱硫が促進させることとなる。
As shown in FIG. 1, for example, a metal (Fe) 12 such as iron is present on the surface of the activated carbon fiber 11, and heat treatment is performed so that a pseudo-graphitized portion of a fine particle agglomerate of graphite that is a precursor of a carbon crystal. 13 occurs.
As a result of the pseudo-graphitizing portions 13 being scattered by performing this crystallization improvement treatment, partial carbon crystal grain clusters are scattered in the activated carbon fibers 11.
Since there are a plurality of such pseudo-graphitized portions 13 in the activated carbon fiber 11, the presence / absence of the graphitized state portion in the activated carbon fiber activates the exchange of electrons.
Thereby, the oxidation reaction of, for example, SO 2 in the exhaust gas is improved, and desulfurization is promoted.

ここで、前記活性炭素繊維に存在させる金属としては、例えばクロム、イリジウム、マンガン、パラジウム、プラチナ、鉄、コバルト、銀のいずれか一つを挙げることができる。
活性炭素繊維の金属を添加させるには、金属として例えば鉄を用いる場合には、硝酸鉄の水溶液に活性炭素繊維を浸漬させ、活性炭素繊維に対して1重量%未満担持させるようにすればよい。
Here, as a metal made to exist in the said activated carbon fiber, any one of chromium, iridium, manganese, palladium, platinum, iron, cobalt, silver can be mentioned, for example.
In order to add the activated carbon fiber metal, for example, when iron is used as the metal, the activated carbon fiber may be immersed in an aqueous solution of iron nitrate so that the activated carbon fiber is supported by less than 1% by weight. .

図2及び図3に金属として鉄(試験例1)及びクロム(試験例2)を担持させ、熱処理(1100℃)を施した場合におけるX線回折図を示す。
比較例1としては未処理の活性炭素繊維であり、比較例2は熱処理を施した活性炭素繊維である。
FIGS. 2 and 3 show X-ray diffraction patterns when iron (Test Example 1) and chromium (Test Example 2) are supported as metals and heat treatment (1100 ° C.) is performed.
Comparative Example 1 is an untreated activated carbon fiber, and Comparative Example 2 is an activated carbon fiber that has been heat-treated.

図2に示すように、完全な黒鉛である場合のピーク位置(2θ=26.48)に近づくほど結晶性が向上し、試験例1及び試験例2は、比較例1のピーク位置(破線)よりも高結晶側にシフトしているのが確認された。
これにより、活性炭素繊維において擬似黒鉛化が進行しているのが確認された。
As shown in FIG. 2, the closer to the peak position (2θ = 26.48) in the case of perfect graphite, the crystallinity is improved. In Test Example 1 and Test Example 2, the peak position of Comparative Example 1 (broken line) It was confirmed that it shifted to the higher crystal side.
Thereby, it was confirmed that pseudo graphitization has progressed in the activated carbon fiber.

また、図3は結晶の細密充填状態の適否を示すものであり、比較例1及び2に対して、試験例1及び2のピークの増加が確認され、結晶性が向上され擬似黒鉛化が進展しているのが確認された。   FIG. 3 shows the suitability of the finely packed state of the crystals. Compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the increase in the peaks of Test Examples 1 and 2 was confirmed, the crystallinity was improved, and pseudographitization progressed. Was confirmed.

また、図4に透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)の写真を示す。
図4に示すように、金属粒子が存在していない活性炭素繊維部分は明確な黒鉛層が見られないが、金属粒子(図中黒い部分)が存在している場合には、金属表面に擬似黒鉛化による黒鉛層が形成されているのが確認された。
FIG. 4 shows a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph.
As shown in FIG. 4, a clear graphite layer is not observed in the activated carbon fiber portion where the metal particles are not present, but when the metal particles (black portions in the figure) are present, the activated carbon fiber portion is simulated on the metal surface. It was confirmed that a graphite layer was formed by graphitization.

本発明による実施例に係る第2の活性炭素繊維の表面改質方法について、図面を参照して説明する。
本実施例に係る第2の活性炭素繊維の表面改質方法は、酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、1000〜1200℃の熱処理を施し、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属の周囲の一部又は全部を擬似黒鉛化部で覆うようにするものである。
A method for modifying the surface of a second activated carbon fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the second surface modification method for activated carbon fibers according to the present embodiment, a surface metal of activated carbon fiber having an oxygen functional group is added, heat treatment is performed at 1000 to 1200 ° C., and the metal is added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber. A part or the whole of the periphery of is covered with a pseudo-graphitizing part.

図5に示すように、活性炭素繊維11の表面に例えば鉄等の金属(Fe)12が存在し、熱処理することで、活性炭素繊維表面の官能基(OH、O)がガス化し、COとして金属に取り込まれ、Cとして再析出することで、金属(Fe)の周囲に擬似黒鉛化部13が形成されることとなる。   As shown in FIG. 5, for example, a metal (Fe) 12 such as iron is present on the surface of the activated carbon fiber 11, and by heat treatment, functional groups (OH, O) on the surface of the activated carbon fiber are gasified to form CO By being taken into the metal and reprecipitating as C, the pseudographitized portion 13 is formed around the metal (Fe).

本発明による実施例に係る第3の活性炭素繊維の表面改質方法について、図面を参照して説明する。
本実施例に係る第3の活性炭素繊維の表面改質方法は、酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、1000〜1200℃の熱処理を施し、1000〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属と活性炭素繊維の炭素とをカーバイド化させ、擬似黒鉛化部を形成するものである。
A surface activated carbon fiber surface modification method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the third method for modifying the surface of activated carbon fiber according to the present embodiment, a surface metal of activated carbon fiber having an oxygen functional group is added, heat treatment at 1000 to 1200 ° C. is performed, and heat treatment at 1000 to 1200 ° C. is performed. Thus, the metal added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber and the carbon of the activated carbon fiber are converted to carbide to form a pseudo-graphitized portion.

図6に示すように、活性炭素繊維にランダムに存在する炭素のネットワークに鉄が存在することで、炭素(C)と金属(Fe)とのカーバイド化を経由することで、結晶性が向上した炭素となり、擬似黒鉛化状態を活性炭素繊維に形成することとなる。   As shown in FIG. 6, the presence of iron in the carbon network randomly present in the activated carbon fiber improved the crystallinity through the carbonization of carbon (C) and metal (Fe). It becomes carbon, and a pseudo graphitized state is formed on the activated carbon fiber.

本発明による活性炭素繊維からなる活性炭素繊維シートを従来と同様に成形して浄化槽とし、該浄化槽を用いた排ガスを処理する排煙脱硫システムの一実施例について、図7を参照して説明する。
図7に示すように、本実施例にかかる排煙脱硫システム50は、蒸気タービンを駆動する蒸気を発生させるボイラ51と、該ボイラ51からの排ガス52中の煤塵を除去する集塵機53と、除塵された排ガスをガス浄化装置54内に供給する押込みファン55と、ガス浄化装置54に供給する前に排ガス52を冷却すると共に増湿を行う増湿冷却装置56と、前記実施例1に係る活性炭素繊維から構成される浄化槽55を二段内部に配設し、浄化装置本体54aの塔下部側壁の導入口57aから排ガス52を供給すると共に、浄化装置本体54aの上方から水57を供給して、排ガス52中のSOXを希硫酸(H2SO4)へ脱硫反応させると共にSO3ミストを捕集するガス浄化装置54と、頂部の排出口57bから脱硫された浄化ガス58を外部へ排出する煙突59と、前記ガス浄化装置54からポンプ60を介して希硫酸(H2SO4)61を貯蔵すると共に石灰スラリー62を供給して石膏を析出させる石膏反応槽63と、石膏を沈降させる沈降槽(シックナー)64と、石膏スラリー65から水分を排水(濾液)66として除去して石膏67を得る脱水器68とを備えてなるものである。
尚、前記ガス浄化装置54から排出される浄化された浄化ガス58を排出するラインには必要に応じてミストエリミネータ69を介装し、ガス中の水分を分離するようにしてもよい。
An embodiment of the flue gas desulfurization system that forms an activated carbon fiber sheet made of activated carbon fibers according to the present invention in the same manner as in the past to form a septic tank and treats exhaust gas using the septic tank will be described with reference to FIG. .
As shown in FIG. 7, the flue gas desulfurization system 50 according to this embodiment includes a boiler 51 that generates steam for driving a steam turbine, a dust collector 53 that removes soot and dust in the exhaust gas 52 from the boiler 51, and dust removal Pushing fan 55 for supplying the exhausted exhaust gas into the gas purification device 54, a humidification cooling device 56 for cooling the exhaust gas 52 and increasing the humidity before supplying it to the gas purification device 54, and the activity according to the first embodiment A septic tank 55 made of carbon fiber is disposed inside the two stages, and the exhaust gas 52 is supplied from the inlet 57a in the lower side wall of the tower of the clarifier main body 54a, and water 57 is supplied from above the clarifier main body 54a. , a gas purifying device 54 for collecting the SO 3 mist causes the desulfurizing SO X in the exhaust gas 52 into dilute sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) reaction, the purified gas is desulfurized from the outlet 57b of the top portion 58 A chimney 59 for discharging the gas to the outside, a gypsum reaction tank 63 for storing dilute sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) 61 from the gas purification device 54 via the pump 60 and supplying lime slurry 62 to precipitate gypsum, It comprises a settling tank (thickener) 64 for settling gypsum and a dehydrator 68 for removing gypsum slurry 65 as drainage (filtrate) 66 to obtain gypsum 67.
A mist eliminator 69 may be interposed in the line for discharging the purified purified gas 58 discharged from the gas purification device 54, if necessary, to separate the moisture in the gas.

ここで、上記ボイラ51では、例えば、火力発電設備の図示しない蒸気タービンを駆動するための蒸気を発生させるために、石炭や重油等の燃料fが炉で燃焼されるようになっている。前記ボイラ51の前記排ガス52には硫黄酸化物(SOX)が含有され、前記排ガス52は図示しない脱硝装置で脱硝されてガスヒータで冷却された後に前記集塵機53で除塵されている。
そして、ガス浄化装置43において所定量の水57を供給しつつ排ガス52中の脱硫を効率良く行うことができる。
Here, in the boiler 51, for example, fuel f such as coal or heavy oil is burned in a furnace in order to generate steam for driving a steam turbine (not shown) of the thermal power generation facility. The exhaust gas 52 of the boiler 51 contains sulfur oxide (SO x ). The exhaust gas 52 is denitrated by a denitration device (not shown), cooled by a gas heater, and then removed by the dust collector 53.
The desulfurization in the exhaust gas 52 can be efficiently performed while supplying a predetermined amount of water 57 in the gas purification device 43.

この排煙脱硫システム50では、ガス浄化装置54で得られた希硫酸61に石灰スラリー62を供給して石膏スラリー65を得た後、脱水して石膏67として利用するものであるが、脱硫して得られた希硫酸(H2SO4)61をそのまま硫酸(H2SO4)として使用するようにしてもよい。その場合には、希硫酸(H2SO4)61を濃縮する濃縮槽を設けるようにしてもよい。 In the flue gas desulfurization system 50, the lime slurry 62 is supplied to the dilute sulfuric acid 61 obtained by the gas purification device 54 to obtain the gypsum slurry 65, and then dehydrated and used as the gypsum 67. The dilute sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) 61 obtained in this way may be used as sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) as it is. In that case, a concentration tank for concentrating dilute sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) 61 may be provided.

また、本実施例による改質された活性炭素繊維を用いた浄化槽55を用いることで、連続して排ガス中の脱硫を効率良く行なうことができる。なお、浄化槽55を二段配設しているが、本発明はこれに限定されることなく、前記浄化槽を一段又は三段以上の複数配設するようにしてもよい。   Moreover, by using the septic tank 55 using the modified activated carbon fiber according to the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently perform desulfurization in the exhaust gas continuously. Although two stages of septic tanks 55 are provided, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of septic tanks may be provided in one stage or three or more stages.

以上のように、本発明に係る金属を用いた擬似黒鉛化してなる活性炭素繊維とすることで、脱硫又は脱硝反応が促進されるので、排ガス中の有害物質である硫黄酸化物や窒素酸化物の除去に用いて適している。   As described above, since the desulfurization or denitration reaction is promoted by using the activated carbon fiber formed by pseudo-graphitization using the metal according to the present invention, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides which are harmful substances in the exhaust gas. Suitable for use in removing water.

実施例1に係る擬似黒鉛化した活性炭素繊維の模式図である。1 is a schematic diagram of a pseudo graphitized activated carbon fiber according to Example 1. FIG. 試験例1及び2並びに比較例1及び2のX線回折図である。2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of Test Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG. 試験例1及び2並びに比較例1及び2のX線回折図である。2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of Test Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG. 実施例1に係る擬似黒鉛化した活性炭素繊維の透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)の写真である。2 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph of pseudo-graphitized activated carbon fiber according to Example 1. FIG. 実施例2に係る擬似黒鉛化した活性炭素繊維の模式図である。3 is a schematic view of a pseudo-graphitized activated carbon fiber according to Example 2. FIG. 実施例3に係る擬似黒鉛化した活性炭素繊維の模式図である。4 is a schematic diagram of activated carbon fibers pseudo-graphitized according to Example 3. FIG. 排煙脱硫システムの概略図である。It is the schematic of a flue gas desulfurization system. 従来のガス浄化装置の概略図である。It is the schematic of the conventional gas purification apparatus. 従来のガス浄化装置に用いられる浄化槽の概略図である。It is the schematic of the septic tank used for the conventional gas purification apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

11 活性炭素繊維
12 金属
13 擬似黒鉛化部
11 Activated carbon fiber 12 Metal 13 Pseudo graphitization part

Claims (9)

活性炭素繊維表面に金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に擬似黒鉛化部分を点在させてなることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維。   An activated carbon fiber obtained by adding a metal to the surface of the activated carbon fiber and subjecting the surface of the activated carbon fiber to a pseudo-graphitized portion by heat treatment at 250 to 1200 ° C. 酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属の周囲の一部又は全部を擬似黒鉛化部で覆ってなることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維。   A surface metal of activated carbon fiber having an oxygen functional group is added, heat treatment is performed at 250 to 1200 ° C., and a part or all of the periphery of the metal added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber is covered with a pseudo graphitization part. Activated carbon fiber characterized by 酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属と活性炭素繊維の炭素とをカーバイド化させて、擬似黒鉛化部を形成してなることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維。   A surface graph of activated carbon fiber having an oxygen functional group is added, heat treatment is performed at 250 to 1200 ° C., and the metal added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber and the carbon of the activated carbon fiber are converted into a carbide, and a pseudo graphitized portion. An activated carbon fiber characterized by being formed. 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一つにおいて、
前記金属が、クロム、イリジウム、マンガン、パラジウム、プラチナ、鉄、コバルト、銀のいずれか一つであることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維。
In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
An activated carbon fiber, wherein the metal is any one of chromium, iridium, manganese, palladium, platinum, iron, cobalt, and silver.
請求項1乃至4のいずれか一つの活性炭素繊維からなる触媒層を排ガスが流通する浄化塔内に配設してなることを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。   An exhaust gas purification apparatus comprising a catalyst layer made of activated carbon fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 4 disposed in a purification tower through which exhaust gas flows. 活性炭素繊維表面に金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施し、活性炭素繊維表面に擬似黒鉛化部分を点在することを特徴とする活性炭素繊維の改質方法。   A method for modifying an activated carbon fiber, comprising adding a metal to the surface of the activated carbon fiber, performing a heat treatment at 250 to 1200 ° C., and interspersing a pseudo-graphitized portion on the surface of the activated carbon fiber. 酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施して、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属の周囲の一部又は全部を擬似黒鉛化部で覆うことを特徴とする活性炭素繊維の改質方法。   The surface metal of the activated carbon fiber having an oxygen functional group is added, heat treatment is performed at 250 to 1200 ° C., and a part or all of the periphery of the metal added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber is covered with a pseudo graphitization part. A method for modifying activated carbon fibers. 酸素官能基を有する活性炭素繊維の表面金属を添加し、250〜1200℃の熱処理を施し、活性炭素繊維表面に添加した金属と活性炭素繊維の炭素とをカーバイド化させ、擬似黒鉛化部を形成することを特徴とする活性炭素繊維の改質方法。   A surface metal of activated carbon fiber having an oxygen functional group is added, heat treatment is performed at 250 to 1200 ° C., and the metal added to the surface of the activated carbon fiber and carbon of the activated carbon fiber are converted to carbide to form a pseudo-graphitized portion. A method for modifying an activated carbon fiber, comprising: 請求項6乃至8のいずれか一つにおいて、
前記金属が、クロム、イリジウム、マンガン、パラジウム、プラチナ、鉄、コバルト、銀のいずれか一つであることを特徴とする活性炭素繊維の改質方法。
Any one of claims 6 to 8,
The method for modifying an activated carbon fiber, wherein the metal is any one of chromium, iridium, manganese, palladium, platinum, iron, cobalt, and silver.
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CN101862639A (en) * 2010-06-21 2010-10-20 黑龙江省农业科学院农村能源研究所 Preparation method of modified activated carbon fiber loaded metal ion methane desulfurizer
JP2010269238A (en) * 2009-05-21 2010-12-02 Kyoto Univ Material for removing environmentally burdensome substance
CN104609419A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-05-13 洛阳月星新能源科技有限公司 Activated carbon material and preparation method thereof and supercapacitor
CN109316825A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-02-12 清华大学盐城环境工程技术研发中心 A kind of preparation method of the membrane-laminated fiberglass filter media with antistatic denitration function

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JPH05302216A (en) * 1992-04-27 1993-11-16 Kunitaro Kawazoe Modification of carbonaceous fiber
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010269238A (en) * 2009-05-21 2010-12-02 Kyoto Univ Material for removing environmentally burdensome substance
CN101862639A (en) * 2010-06-21 2010-10-20 黑龙江省农业科学院农村能源研究所 Preparation method of modified activated carbon fiber loaded metal ion methane desulfurizer
CN104609419A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-05-13 洛阳月星新能源科技有限公司 Activated carbon material and preparation method thereof and supercapacitor
CN104609419B (en) * 2015-02-13 2016-10-05 洛阳月星新能源科技有限公司 A kind of absorbent charcoal material, preparation method and ultracapacitor
CN109316825A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-02-12 清华大学盐城环境工程技术研发中心 A kind of preparation method of the membrane-laminated fiberglass filter media with antistatic denitration function
CN109316825B (en) * 2018-10-08 2021-11-16 清华大学盐城环境工程技术研发中心 Preparation method of glass fiber membrane-coated filter material with antistatic denitration function

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