JP2008192530A - Blind form heating element - Google Patents

Blind form heating element Download PDF

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JP2008192530A
JP2008192530A JP2007027668A JP2007027668A JP2008192530A JP 2008192530 A JP2008192530 A JP 2008192530A JP 2007027668 A JP2007027668 A JP 2007027668A JP 2007027668 A JP2007027668 A JP 2007027668A JP 2008192530 A JP2008192530 A JP 2008192530A
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heating element
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string
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heat generating
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JP5022723B2 (en
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Susumu Kiyokawa
清川  晋
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<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a planar heating element using a thermoplastic synthetic resin with its bendability improved, and having flexibility capable of heating in accordance with a surface of an object having a curved face. <P>SOLUTION: For the blind form heating element, a planar heater 2 is used, having PTC characteristics with an electrode wire 4 each arranged on both edges of a sheet-like heat generating part made by molding a mixture with a predetermined volume of conductive fine powder added to thermoplastic synthetic resin, a number of slits 2a are set bored in a width direction of the heat generating part to form a number of string-like heating elements 2b, which are aligned to structure an alignment body of the string-like heating elements 2b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、人体などの被加熱物の形状に合わせて発熱部が柔軟に変形できる特性と、優れたPTC特性を持ち、局部発熱に対して安全性の高い発熱体に関する。   The present invention relates to a heating element that has a characteristic that a heating part can be flexibly deformed in accordance with the shape of an object to be heated such as a human body and an excellent PTC characteristic and is highly safe against local heating.

例えば、人体を温めるための比較的低温で使用するヒーターの用途としては、
(a)電気毛布や暖房カーペット、(b)寒冷時に魚釣人などが着用するベスト、更に(c)人が抱いて寝る抱きまくら、(d)冬季のオートバイの運転に使用する手袋などがある〔例えば、(a)に関する特許文献1、(d)に関する特許文献2、(c)に関する特許文献3参照〕。
For example, as a heater used at a relatively low temperature to warm the human body,
(A) Electric blankets and heating carpets, (b) Vests worn by fishermen, etc. in cold weather, (c) Pillows that people hold and sleep, (d) Gloves used to drive motorcycles in winter [ For example, see Patent Document 1 related to (a), Patent Document 2 related to (d), and Patent Document 3 related to (c)].

また、主として住宅の床などを暖房するヒーターとしては、
(e)床構造内に蛇行して配管した温水パイプに温水を供給して加熱する温水式の床暖房装置、(f)耐熱性のある樹脂被覆の内部に銅線の代わりにニクロム線を配置したケーブルヒーター式床暖房装置、(g)耐熱性と電気絶縁性のある合成樹脂シートの表面に金属箔を接着し、この金属箔に発熱パターンをエッチングによって形成したものがある。
In addition, as a heater that mainly heats the floor of a house,
(E) A hot water type floor heating device that heats hot water pipes that are meandered in the floor structure, and (f) Nichrome wires are placed in the heat-resistant resin coating instead of copper wires. (G) A metal foil is bonded to the surface of a synthetic resin sheet having heat resistance and electrical insulation, and a heat generation pattern is formed on the metal foil by etching.

更に薄いシート状にして被加熱部を膨出させないで加熱するヒーターとしては、
(h)カーボンなどの導電性微粉末と含んだ電気伝導性塗料をポリエステルフイルムなどの耐熱性合成樹脂シートの表面に塗装して面状発熱体としたもの、(i)炭素繊維などの電気抵抗性のある繊維を平行して配列したり、織布として発熱層を形成したものがある。
As a heater that heats without heating the heated part in a thin sheet,
(H) An electrically conductive paint containing conductive fine powder such as carbon is applied to the surface of a heat-resistant synthetic resin sheet such as a polyester film to form a planar heating element, (i) Electric resistance such as carbon fiber There are fibers in which heat-resistant fibers are arranged in parallel or a heat generation layer is formed as a woven fabric.

また、熱可塑性樹脂を使用し、優れたPTC特性を付与したヒーターとしては、
(j)合成樹脂シート自体に導電性を持たせた床暖房装置用の面状発熱体、(k)前記(j)に関する面状発熱体発熱体の発熱部に開口部を明け、その開口部の面積に応じて発熱量を調節するようにしたものがある(例えば、(j)に関する特許文献4、(k)に関して特許文献5参照)。
In addition, as a heater using a thermoplastic resin and imparting excellent PTC characteristics,
(J) a planar heating element for a floor heating device in which the synthetic resin sheet itself has conductivity, (k) an opening is opened in the heating part of the planar heating element heating element related to (j), and the opening There is one in which the amount of heat generation is adjusted according to the area (for example, see Patent Document 4 regarding (j) and Patent Document 5 regarding (k)).

特開平6−132069号公報JP-A-6-132069 特開2004−225177号公報JP 2004-225177 A 特開2000−201789号公報JP 2000-201789 A 特公昭61−32442号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-32442 特開2005−251509号公報JP 2005-251509 A

刊行物1に記載された電気毛布に使用されている発熱体は、細いニクロム線を発熱体として使用したケーブルヒーターであるから可撓性がある。しかし、これを使用するためにはヒーターを蛇行させて発熱パターンを形成し、更に複数のケ所に温度センサーを設けて温度制御する必要がある。しかし、このヒーターは線状に狭い幅に発熱するので、低温で発熱して大量の遠赤外線を放射して加熱する用途には適していない。   The heating element used in the electric blanket described in publication 1 is flexible because it is a cable heater using a thin nichrome wire as the heating element. However, in order to use this, it is necessary to meander the heater to form a heat generation pattern, and to provide temperature sensors at a plurality of locations to control the temperature. However, since this heater generates heat in a linear narrow width, it is not suitable for applications that generate heat at a low temperature and emit a large amount of far-infrared rays.

刊行物2に記載された電気暖房式手袋は、手の形状に合わせて電熱線を内蔵したものであり、極めて局所を加熱する特殊な用途にしか使用することができない。   The electric heating type glove described in the publication 2 has a built-in heating wire in accordance with the shape of the hand, and can be used only for a special purpose of heating a very local area.

刊行物3に記載された発熱部材を入れた抱きまくらは、その内部に小型の電気毛布を配置したものであり、ヒーターがコード状で柔軟性があるものの、低温において大量の発熱をさせることができない(前記は直列抵抗体)。   A pillow with a heat generating member described in publication 3 is a small electric blanket placed inside, and although the heater is cord-like and flexible, it can generate a large amount of heat at low temperatures. No (the above is a series resistor).

(PTC発熱体)
刊行物4に記載されたヒーター(面状発熱体)は、床構造であるコンクリート内に埋設する床暖房装置に関するものである。この面状発熱体は、熱可塑性合成樹脂に半導電性微粉末を混合して通常は約1mm程度の厚さを持つシート(あるいは薄板状)に成形したものである。この面状発熱体は、温度上昇に応じて抵抗値が上昇する性質(正の温度特性:PTC特性)を持ち、温度上昇に対応して自動的に電流値を制御して発熱量を低下させる優れた性質を持っている。換言すれば、面状発熱体の全面にあたかも温度センサーを設けたような状態になっている(前記は並列抵抗体)。
(PTC heating element)
The heater (planar heating element) described in the publication 4 relates to a floor heating device embedded in concrete having a floor structure. This planar heating element is formed by mixing a semiconductive fine powder with a thermoplastic synthetic resin and forming it into a sheet (or thin plate) having a thickness of about 1 mm. This planar heating element has a property (positive temperature characteristic: PTC characteristic) in which the resistance value increases as the temperature rises, and automatically controls the current value in response to the temperature rise to reduce the heat generation amount. Has excellent properties. In other words, a temperature sensor is provided on the entire surface of the planar heating element (the above is a parallel resistor).

しかし、この面状発熱体はコンクリートの中に埋設することを主体として製造されたもので、ゴムシートに比較するとかなり硬い薄板のようなもので柔軟性が余りない。従って、この状態のものは、発熱特性は優れているものの、感触がゴワゴワとして硬く、違和感があり、特に人体と接触ないし近接するような箇所に使用することはできない。   However, this planar heating element is mainly manufactured by embedding in concrete, and is much harder than a rubber sheet and has little flexibility. Therefore, in this state, although the heat generation characteristics are excellent, the touch is stiff and uncomfortable, and it cannot be used particularly in a place where it is in contact with or close to the human body.

また、刊行物5に記載された面状発熱体は、前記刊行物4と同様な熱可塑性樹脂と半導電微粉末の混合体を押出成形したPTC特性を持つ面状発熱体を使用し、例えば、それ程の加熱を必要としない場所に「開口部」を設けることによって発熱量を減少させることを目的とするものである。   Further, the planar heating element described in the publication 5 uses a planar heating element having PTC characteristics obtained by extruding a mixture of a thermoplastic resin and a semiconductive fine powder similar to the publication 4, The purpose of this is to reduce the amount of heat generated by providing an “opening” in a place where such heating is not required.

しかし、この面状発熱体は、本質的には刊行物4に記載されているように建造物のコンクリート構造中に埋設するもので、低温で大量の遠赤外線を放出する特性があるが、柔軟性があまりなく、特に電気絶縁性のシートからなるカバーの内部に発熱体を挿入した場合は、かなり硬く、ゴワゴワ状になる。   However, this planar heating element is essentially embedded in the concrete structure of a building as described in Publication 4, and has a characteristic of emitting a large amount of far-infrared rays at a low temperature. When the heating element is inserted inside the cover made of an electrically insulating sheet, it is quite hard and becomes rugged.

従って、人体が接触する椅子や自動車の運転席のシート、冬季に釣り人達が使用するベスト、あるいは抱きまくらなどのように、「柔軟性」と、更に特に「電気的な安全性」を必要とする用途には実質的に使用することができない。   Therefore, "flexibility" and more particularly "electrical safety" are required, such as chairs in contact with the human body, seats of driver's seats in automobiles, vests used by anglers in winter, or pillows. In practical use, it cannot be used.

(発明の課題、目的)
前記刊行物4に記載された面状発熱体は、本発明者が発明し、提案したものである。この面状発熱体は前記の如く床構造内に配置ないし埋設して発熱させるもので、柔軟性をあまり必要としない用途に主として使用される。
(Problems and purposes of the invention)
The planar heating element described in the publication 4 was invented and proposed by the present inventor. This planar heating element is arranged or embedded in the floor structure as described above to generate heat, and is mainly used for applications that do not require much flexibility.

また、滅多に発生しない事故ではあるが、この面状発熱体は熱可塑性樹脂を主原料としている関係上、軟化点や融点があるので耐熱性があまりない。従って温度上昇より温度制御機能が低下した場合は、発熱温度が樹脂の融点に到達することがある。このような状態になると、発熱面の中央部の温度が高くなり、その部分が発熱体の長さ方向に溶融し、面状発熱体の表面に薄く形成されていた導電層の導通が困難となると共に、面状発熱体が長さ方向に断線してしまうという問題がある。   Moreover, although this is an accident that rarely occurs, this planar heating element has a softening point and a melting point due to the fact that it uses a thermoplastic resin as a main raw material, so it has little heat resistance. Therefore, when the temperature control function is lowered due to the temperature rise, the heat generation temperature may reach the melting point of the resin. In such a state, the temperature of the central portion of the heat generating surface becomes high, the portion melts in the length direction of the heat generating element, and it is difficult to conduct the conductive layer that is thinly formed on the surface of the planar heat generating element. In addition, there is a problem that the planar heating element is disconnected in the length direction.

また、この面状発熱体は熱可塑性合成樹脂を使用し、発熱部の厚さが約1mm程度のものであり、更にこれを厚さが0.05〜1.0mmの耐熱性がある絶縁性の樹脂からなるシートを使用した袋体に収容した場合、かなり硬くてゴワゴワと感触のものとなる。このような硬いシート状のものは、当然、人体などの被加熱物の形状に対応して変形することができず、平坦な用途にしか使用できないという問題がある。   In addition, this planar heating element uses a thermoplastic synthetic resin, the thickness of the heating part is about 1 mm, and further, this is a heat-resistant insulating material having a thickness of 0.05 to 1.0 mm. When it is accommodated in a bag body using a sheet made of the above resin, it is quite hard and feels harsh. Such a hard sheet-like thing naturally has a problem that it cannot be deformed corresponding to the shape of an object to be heated such as a human body and can only be used for a flat application.

本発明は、前記刊行物4あるいは5に使用されている面状発熱体をベースとしてこれに柔軟性を与え、更に発熱面に異常発熱などにより発生しても、それは極めて限定された範囲にしか発生せず、安全性が高く、更に変形性に富んだ発熱体を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention provides flexibility based on the sheet heating element used in the above publications 4 and 5, and even if the heating surface is caused by abnormal heat generation, it is limited to a very limited range. An object of the present invention is to provide a heating element that does not occur, has high safety, and is highly deformable.

また、本発明は、発熱面を紐状発熱体に形成することによって前記従来の熱可塑性樹脂を使用した面状発熱体に比較すると、切断面によって表面積が増加した分だけ、遙かに放熱面積を拡大することができ、更に従来の面状発熱体に比較すると格段に変形性に優れた発熱体を提供することを目的とする。   In addition, the present invention has a heat-dissipating area that is much larger than the surface-heating element using the thermoplastic resin by forming the heat-generating surface on the string-shaped heating element, as much as the surface area is increased by the cut surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating element that is much more deformable than conventional planar heating elements.

更に、低温で大量の遠赤外線を放射する特性を活かし、柔軟性を与え、特に人体に対する感触を大幅に改善した発熱体、つまり、「スダレ形発熱体」を提供することを目的とする。   It is another object of the present invention to provide a heating element that takes advantage of the characteristic of emitting a large amount of far-infrared rays at a low temperature and gives flexibility, and in particular, a drastic improvement in touch to the human body, that is, a “sudare heating element”.

本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体は、次のように構成されている。   The Sudare-type heating element according to the present invention is configured as follows.

1)熱可塑性合成樹脂に導電性微粉末を所定量添加した混合物を成形したシート状の発熱部の両縁にそれぞれ電極線を配置したPTC特性を持つ面状発熱体を使用し、前記発熱部の幅方向に多数の切断線を穿設して紐条発熱体を形成し、前記発熱部を紐条発熱体の配列体として構成したことを特徴としている。 1) A sheet heating element having a PTC characteristic in which electrode wires are arranged on both edges of a sheet-like heating element formed by molding a mixture of a predetermined amount of conductive fine powder added to a thermoplastic synthetic resin. A plurality of cutting lines are formed in the width direction of the wire to form a string heating element, and the heat generating portion is configured as an array of string heating elements.

2)前記一連の紐状発熱体を、糸あるいはテープで連結あるいは編組して各紐状発熱体の配列状態を規制したことを特徴としている。 2) The series of string-like heating elements are connected or braided with yarn or tape to regulate the arrangement state of the string-like heating elements.

3)前記シート状の発熱部を幅方向に切断して形成された紐状発熱体の間に形成される間隔を加熱量に応じて変化させ、加熱量の少ない場所に開口部が形成されていることを特徴としている。 3) The space formed between the string-like heating elements formed by cutting the sheet-like heating part in the width direction is changed according to the heating amount, and an opening is formed in a place where the heating amount is small. It is characterized by being.

4)前記シート状の発熱部を幅方向に切断して形成された紐状発熱体の内、隣接する紐状発熱体の間が連結帯によって連結されていることを特徴としている。 4) Among the string-like heating elements formed by cutting the sheet-like heating part in the width direction, adjacent string-like heating elements are connected by a connecting band.

5)前記シート状の発熱部を幅方向に切断して形成した紐状発熱体の幅は、被加熱物が膨出している部分に位置するものが、膨出していない部分に比較して狭幅に形成されて変形し易くなっていることを特徴としている。 5) The width of the string-like heating element formed by cutting the sheet-like heating part in the width direction is narrower than that of the part that is not swelled, although it is located in the part where the heated object is swelled. It is characterized by being formed in a width and easily deformed.

6)前記スダレ形発熱体を熱可塑性樹脂シートからなるカバーに挿入密封したことを特徴としている。 6) It is characterized in that the above-mentioned heating element is inserted and sealed in a cover made of a thermoplastic resin sheet.

本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体は、熱可塑性合成樹脂を主体し、これに半導電性微粉末を添加した混合体をシート状に押出成形して面状発熱体としたものを材料とし、これの幅方向に多数をスリットを穿設して多数本の紐状発熱体をスダレのように配列したもので、前記発熱体の低温で多量の遠赤外線を放射して人体などを加熱する特性を持っている。   The suddle-type heating element according to the present invention is made of a material obtained by extruding into a sheet form a mixture obtained by adding a semiconductive fine powder to a thermoplastic synthetic resin as a main component. A large number of slit-like heating elements are arranged in the width direction, and a large number of string-like heating elements are arranged like a staple. The heating element emits a large amount of far-infrared rays at a low temperature to heat the human body and the like. have.

本発明は、この特性を活かし、前記紐状発熱体を形成することによって従来の面状発熱体の本質的な欠点である、柔軟性が少ないという本質的な欠点を改善し、柔軟性のある発熱体を提供することができる。   The present invention makes use of this characteristic to improve the essential drawback of the low flexibility, which is an essential drawback of the conventional planar heating element, by forming the string-like heating element, and is flexible. A heating element can be provided.

また、本発明に係る紐状発熱体は、切断面が四角形であるから、放熱面がその形状の効果によって増加し、優れた発熱性を発揮して暖房効果を高めることができる。   In addition, since the cord-like heating element according to the present invention has a square cut surface, the heat radiation surface is increased by the effect of the shape, and excellent heating properties can be exhibited to enhance the heating effect.

図1は、本発明に係る「スダレ形発熱体2」を使用したシート状発熱部材1の要部を示す斜視図であり、図2はカバー3の溶着部を示す断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main part of a sheet-like heat generating member 1 using a “suddle-shaped heat generating element 2” according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a welded part of a cover 3.

このスダレ形発熱体の基礎材料を形成する面状発熱体は、例えば、特開2003−17226号公報に記載された熱可塑性材料(ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)などにカーボンブラックの微粉末を添加した材料)を使用して同公報に記載された押出成形法によって製造された面状発熱体Hを電気絶縁性カバー3内に収容したものである。なお、この発明は、本発明者などが先に発明し提案したものである。   The planar heating element that forms the basic material of the Sudare heating element is, for example, a thermoplastic material (polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), etc.) described in JP-A-2003-17226. The sheet heating element H manufactured by the extrusion molding method described in the publication using the carbon black fine powder) is housed in the electrically insulating cover 3. This invention was previously invented and proposed by the present inventors.

本発明の基礎素材である面状発熱体Hは、両縁に電極線4,4を配置した面状発熱体Hの幅方向(好ましくは直交する方向)に、多数のスリット2aをレーザーやプレス式カッターなどの手段で切断することによって細幅の紐状発熱体2bを平行して形成したスダレ形発熱体2を製造している。   A planar heating element H, which is a basic material of the present invention, has a number of slits 2a formed by laser or pressing in the width direction (preferably in a direction orthogonal) of the planar heating element H in which the electrode wires 4 and 4 are arranged on both edges. A sled-type heating element 2 in which narrow string-like heating elements 2b are formed in parallel by cutting with means such as a type cutter is manufactured.

このスダレ形発熱体2を従来の床暖房に使用する面状発熱体と同じように、合成樹脂シート製のカバー3内に収容し、電極線4あるいはこの電極線4に接続した電線を引出した状態で周囲を溶着部3aで封止してシート状発熱部材1を構成している。   As with the conventional sheet heating element used for floor heating, this sliding heating element 2 is accommodated in a cover 3 made of a synthetic resin sheet, and the electrode wire 4 or an electric wire connected to the electrode wire 4 is drawn out. In the state, the sheet-like heat generating member 1 is configured by sealing the periphery with a welded portion 3a.

この発熱部材1は、発熱部を平行する多数のスリット2aによって分割した紐状発熱体2bを構成していることから、この発熱部材1を取扱中に斜めになったり、反転したり、あるいは衝撃を与えた場合にはカバー3内で紐状発熱体2bが自由に変形して位置が変化したり重なり合ったりすることがある。   Since this heat generating member 1 constitutes a string-like heat generating member 2b divided by a large number of parallel slits 2a, the heat generating member 1 is slanted, inverted or shocked during handling. In the cover 3, the string-like heating element 2b may be freely deformed to change its position or overlap.

そこで本発明の実施の形態においては、図1及び図2に示すようにカパー3の表裏シートを溶着部5で点状あるいは線状に接合することによって、スダレ形発熱体2を両面より押圧してこれらの二つの溶着部5〜5の間の距離L内に存在する複数本の紐状発熱体2bを纏めた構造を採用すると安定性がある。   Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the front and back sheets of the copper 3 are joined to each other in a dotted or linear manner at the welded portion 5, thereby pressing the sliding-type heating element 2 from both sides. If a structure in which a plurality of string-like heating elements 2b existing within the distance L between these two welded portions 5 to 5 are combined is employed, stability is obtained.

本発明のスダレ形発熱体2の素材である面状発熱体Hの幅は、用途に応じて決めるものであるが、この発明の出願時点の製造技術においては150〜500mmの範囲のものを使用する。また、前記紐状発熱体2bの幅は1〜20mm、好ましくは3〜7mmの範囲で、用途に応じて要求される柔軟性と変形性を考慮して決定すると良い。   The width of the sheet heating element H, which is the material of the Sudare heating element 2 of the present invention, is determined according to the application, but in the manufacturing technology at the time of filing of the present invention, the one in the range of 150 to 500 mm is used. To do. The width of the string-like heating element 2b is preferably in the range of 1 to 20 mm, preferably 3 to 7 mm, in consideration of flexibility and deformability required according to the application.

図3は、面状発熱体Hを使用して加工した本発明のスダレ形発熱体2の外観の正面図であり、図4はその断面形状を示しており、更に、図5にこの発熱部の断面構造をそれぞれ示している。   FIG. 3 is a front view of the appearance of the saddle-shaped heating element 2 of the present invention processed using the sheet heating element H, FIG. 4 shows the cross-sectional shape thereof, and FIG. The cross-sectional structures are respectively shown.

本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体2の基礎材料である面状発熱体Hの製造方法の詳細な説明は省略するが、図5に示すように、半導電性微粉末の分散量が少なく、通電性が実質的に少ない中間層2cと、半導電性微粉末が偏在して表面に薄皮状に形成した導電層2d、2dで構成されており、この三層構造は、絶縁性合成樹脂層である中間層2cの両面に薄い導電層2c(導電性抵抗膜)をサンドイッチ状に張付けたような三層複合構造を有している。そして面状発熱体Hに通電すると温度上昇により前記中間層2cが次第に熱膨脹してくると、それに引張られて表面の導電層2dが次第に薄くなる。そして、その挙動に伴なって発熱体の表面のみに集合している導電性微粉末の間が次第に疎になり、それに伴なって抵抗値が増加してこの表面層を流れる電流量が減少して発熱量が低下してしまう特性を持っている(PTC特性)。   Although a detailed description of the manufacturing method of the planar heating element H that is the basic material of the Sudare heating element 2 according to the present invention is omitted, as shown in FIG. The intermediate layer 2c, which is substantially less conductive, and the conductive layers 2d, 2d, which are unevenly distributed with semiconductive fine powder and formed in a thin skin shape on the surface, are composed of an insulating synthetic resin layer. It has a three-layer composite structure in which thin conductive layers 2c (conductive resistance films) are sandwiched on both surfaces of an intermediate layer 2c. When the planar heating element H is energized, when the intermediate layer 2c gradually expands due to a temperature rise, the conductive layer 2d on the surface is gradually thinned by being pulled. Along with this behavior, the space between the conductive fine powders gathered only on the surface of the heating element becomes gradually sparse, and accordingly the resistance value increases and the amount of current flowing through this surface layer decreases. Therefore, it has a characteristic that the calorific value is reduced (PTC characteristic).

(自動遮断性)
前記面状発熱体Hの発熱面にスリット加工(例えば、各種の切断線を形成できる炭酸ガスレーザーやプレス式薄刃切断機を使用するのが良い。)することによってスリット2aの開口とともに紐状発熱体2bを形成する。このように発熱面が切断状態(うどんないしスダレ状)になると、レーザー切断の場合は切断面が高温で瞬時に溶融され、この部分の導電層2dが導電性を低下させる方向に変化する。そして隣接している発熱紐状体2b同志はスリット2aによって分離されて通電が断たれており、その結果、それぞれの紐状発熱体2bは独立した紐状の電気抵抗体を構成していることになる。
(Automatic shut-off)
By forming slits on the heat generating surface of the sheet heating element H (for example, a carbon dioxide laser capable of forming various cutting lines or a press type thin blade cutting machine may be used) together with the opening of the slit 2a, string-like heat generation is performed. Form body 2b. When the heat generating surface is in a cut state (smooth and slender shape) in this way, in the case of laser cutting, the cut surface is instantaneously melted at a high temperature, and the conductive layer 2d in this portion changes in a direction of decreasing the conductivity. The adjacent heating cords 2b are separated by the slits 2a and are de-energized. As a result, each string heating member 2b constitutes an independent string-like electric resistor. become.

例えば、この独立した電気抵抗体を構成する紐状発熱体2bの内の1本が、他の紐状発熱体2bに比較して高温に発熱して軟化し、遂に溶融して断線状態になった時でも、前記高温に発熱した1本の紐状発熱体2bのみが電気的に断線するだけで、他の紐状発熱体2b、特に隣接している紐状発熱体2bにはその影響がない。具体的には、1本の紐状発熱体2bが何らかの理由で溶融状態になっても、この溶融状態は隣接する、あるいは接触している紐状発熱体2bに前記断線状態が波及することがない。   For example, one of the string-like heating elements 2b constituting this independent electric resistor is heated and softened at a higher temperature than the other string-like heating elements 2b, and finally melts and becomes a disconnected state. Even when only one string-like heating element 2b heated to the high temperature is electrically disconnected, the other string-like heating elements 2b, particularly the adjacent string-like heating elements 2b are affected. Absent. Specifically, even if one string-like heating element 2b is in a molten state for some reason, the melted state may spread to the adjacent string-like heating element 2b. Absent.

従って、個々の紐状発熱体2bは電気的に独立して「通電自動遮断性」を有していると言える。このように個々の紐状発熱体2bの持つ「通電状態を自動的に遮断する特性」が本発明のスダレ形発熱体2の重要な特性であると言える。   Therefore, it can be said that each string-like heating element 2b has “automatic energization shutoff” electrically independently. Thus, it can be said that the “characteristic that automatically shuts off the energized state” of the individual string-like heating elements 2b is an important characteristic of the suddle-type heating element 2 of the present invention.

図6は、電極線4Aに「編組線」を使用した例を示している。この編組線は、細い銅線を編組して筒状に形成し、これを偏平にしたもので加撓性に富んだものである。従って、これを使用したスダレ形発熱体2は全体として変形が容易となる。また、スダレ形発熱体2を図6に示すようにU字形に保持し、電極線4Aがある両縁部を直線状に保持したい場合には、この電極線4Aに強度のあるもの(少し太い銅線を使用)を使用すると良い。   FIG. 6 shows an example in which a “braided wire” is used for the electrode wire 4A. This braided wire is formed by braiding thin copper wires into a cylindrical shape, which is flattened and rich in flexibility. Therefore, the deformation type heating element 2 using this is easily deformed as a whole. In addition, when the Sudare-shaped heating element 2 is held in a U shape as shown in FIG. 6 and both edges of the electrode wire 4A are to be held in a straight line shape, the electrode wire 4A has a strength (a little thicker). Use copper wire).

前記スダレ形発熱体2は図1のようにカバー3に収容されて電気的に絶縁して使用されるものであるが、このカバー3に使用する合成樹脂シートに凹凸加工を行なって柔軟性を持たせることができる。また、安全性を高める意味で、例えば、6〜30ボルト程度の低電圧で使用するスダレ形発熱体2の場合は、これのカバー3として裏面に薄く可撓性に優れた電気絶縁性のあるフイルムを使用し、その表面にパイル布や植毛布、あるいは編織布などの人体などに優しく接触するものを使用すると良い。   As shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned heating element 2 is housed in a cover 3 and is used by being electrically insulated. However, the synthetic resin sheet used for this cover 3 is subjected to uneven processing to provide flexibility. You can have it. In addition, for the purpose of improving safety, for example, in the case of the Sudare-type heating element 2 used at a low voltage of about 6 to 30 volts, the cover 3 is thin on the back surface and has excellent electrical insulation. It is preferable to use a film that has gentle contact with the human body, such as a pile cloth, a flocked cloth, or a woven cloth.

用途によっては、隣接する紐状発熱体2bを局部的に連結した方が発熱紐状体2bの位置の安定性が良い場合がある。   Depending on the application, the position of the heating string 2b may be more stable when the adjacent string heating elements 2b are locally connected.

図7は、前記用途に使用するスダレ形発熱体2Aを示しており、この発熱体2Aの場合は1本のスリット2を、スリット2eと2fとに二分し、これらの延長部分に非切断部2gを形成しておくことによって隣接する2本の紐状発熱体2Xと2Yの一部が連結された状態となる。このように2本の発熱紐状体2X、2Yの一部に切断しない部分2gを形成することによって、スダレ形発熱体2Aに全体として柔軟性を与えながら、位置が定まり難い紐状発熱体2X、2Yを纏めて安定性を与えることができる。なお、この思想を活かすと、3本以上の紐状発熱体を纏めることも可能であり、その態様は用途との関係において決定される。   FIG. 7 shows a sliding-type heating element 2A used for the above-mentioned application. In the case of this heating element 2A, one slit 2 is divided into two, slits 2e and 2f, and an uncut portion is formed as an extension of these. By forming 2g, a part of the two adjacent string-like heating elements 2X and 2Y is connected. In this way, by forming a portion 2g that is not cut into a part of the two heating string-like bodies 2X and 2Y, the string-like heating element 2X whose position is difficult to be determined while giving flexibility to the slender heating element 2A as a whole. 2Y can be put together to give stability. In addition, if this idea is utilized, it is also possible to collect three or more string-like heating elements, and the mode is determined in relation to the use.

図8は、図6に示したスダレ形発熱体2を変形した発熱体2Bを示しており、スリット2aによって紐状発熱体2bを同様に並列して形成しているが、この紐状発熱体2bの長さの適宜の位置に糸10で編んで寿司巻き用のスダレのように個々の紐状発熱体2bを纏めたもので、この構造によって発熱体2に作用する圧力に対する抵抗性を与えながら、取扱いを容易にした例を示している。   FIG. 8 shows a heating element 2B obtained by deforming the stagnation heating element 2 shown in FIG. 6, and the string-like heating elements 2b are similarly formed in parallel by the slits 2a. The cord-like heating element 2b is knitted with a thread 10 at an appropriate position 2b in length, and is combined with each other like a sushi roll, and this structure provides resistance to pressure acting on the heating element 2. However, the example which made handling easy is shown.

この実施の形態の変形例としては、前記紐状発熱体2bを経糸とし、別に準備した絶縁テープを緯糸として、織物状あるいはザルのように形成することによって変形性と耐圧性を向上することができる。   As a modified example of this embodiment, the string-like heating element 2b is used as a warp, and the insulation tape prepared separately is used as a weft to improve the deformability and pressure resistance. it can.

(自動車用シート用発熱体)
例えば、自動車のシートを加熱するヒーターに使用するスダレ形発熱体2Sとしての場合は、図9に示すように発熱体2Sを全体的にL形に曲げ、使用者の尻部に沿って変形できるように構成する。この発熱体2Sは、図3に示したスダレ形発熱体2をシートに合うようにスリット2aの間隔やスリットの長さを、使用者の体格や重量などを考慮し、背部イ、尻下部ロ、膝下部ハに合わせて形成すると良い。
(Heating element for automotive seats)
For example, in the case of a suddle-type heating element 2S used for a heater for heating an automobile seat, as shown in FIG. 9, the heating element 2S can be entirely bent into an L shape and deformed along the user's hip. Configure as follows. The heating element 2S is configured so that the gap between the slits 2a and the length of the slit 2a and the physique and weight of the user are taken into consideration so that the sudden heating element 2 shown in FIG. It is good to form according to the lower knee c.

(ベスト加熱用発熱体)
図10は、例えば冬季に釣人や作業者が着用するベスト8に本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体2を小型化したものを使用したシート状発熱部材1Kを取付けたものを示しおり、この例においては背部8aの左右に配置し、電源として電池あるいはバッテリを使用する。
(Best heating element for heating)
FIG. 10 shows a vest 8 worn by a fisherman or an operator in winter, for example, in which a sheet-like heating member 1K using a downsized heating element 2 according to the present invention is attached. Are arranged on the left and right of the back portion 8a, and a battery or a battery is used as a power source.

(異形物用発熱体)
図11は、図8に示したスダレ形発熱体2Bを使用して、例えば乳幼児のように全体して丸い形状のもの(被加熱物11))に柔らかく接触し、優しく加熱する使用例を示している。
(Heating element for deformed objects)
FIG. 11 shows an example of use in which the heating element 2B shown in FIG. 8 is used to softly contact and gently heat an overall round shape (heated object 11) such as an infant. ing.

(抱きまくら用発熱体)
本発明のスダレ形発熱体2、2A、2B(図3、図7、図8)は、発熱面をスリット2aで切断して多数の紐状発熱体2bとし、これを平行して集合させた可撓性のある集合体として形成したものである。従って、従来の面状発熱体が1枚の発熱面を持っているのに対して、柔軟性に優れている上に、万一の事故で溶融状態が発生したとしても、これが広く伝播して発熱体が全体的に破壊する危険性を排除することができる点において格段に安全性に優れている。
(Heat pillow heating element)
In the Sudare-type heating element 2, 2A, 2B (FIGS. 3, 7, and 8) of the present invention, the heating surface is cut by a slit 2a to form a large number of string-like heating elements 2b, which are assembled in parallel. It is formed as a flexible assembly. Therefore, while the conventional sheet heating element has one heating surface, it has excellent flexibility, and even if a molten state occurs in the event of an accident, this is widely spread. The safety is remarkably excellent in that the risk that the heating element is totally destroyed can be eliminated.

特殊な枕として図12のようにして使用する抱き枕13が提案されている。この抱き枕13は、図13に示すように、枕部14と首部14と本体部16と脚部17より構成されている。本発明において、前記本体部16の周囲に本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体2を内蔵したシート状発熱部材1を、この本体部116沿うように配置している。前記スダレ形発熱体2は、多数の紐状発熱体2bの集合体であるから、本体部16の周囲に正確に巻きついて柔らかく、そして広く発熱することができる。   A pillow 13 used as a special pillow as shown in FIG. 12 has been proposed. As shown in FIG. 13, the body pillow 13 includes a pillow part 14, a neck part 14, a main body part 16, and leg parts 17. In the present invention, the sheet-like heat generating member 1 having the internal heat generating element 2 according to the present invention built around the main body portion 16 is disposed along the main body portion 116. Since the suddle-shaped heating element 2 is an aggregate of a large number of string-like heating elements 2b, it can be accurately wound around the main body portion 16 to be soft and widely generate heat.

本発明は、熱可塑性合成樹脂を原料として製造されたシート状の面状発熱体の持つ優れた「PTC特性」を活かして必要以上の温度上昇を抑制しながら、しかも、従来の面状発熱体の硬直した感じのものと比較して、柔軟性が著しく改善された、新規なスダレ形をした発熱体を提供するものである。   The present invention makes use of the excellent “PTC characteristics” of a sheet-like planar heating element produced from a thermoplastic synthetic resin as a raw material, while suppressing an unnecessarily high temperature rise. The present invention provides a novel heating element having a slender shape with significantly improved flexibility as compared with the above-mentioned rigid feeling.

本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体は、従来の面状発熱体が有しない柔軟性と、面状発熱体が有する広面積で均一に発熱する特性とを有しており、人体のように柔軟で変形し易い被加熱体を、熱効率の良い接触状態ないし近接状態で柔らかく加熱できる加熱体として各種の加熱用途に有効に使用することができるものである。   The Sudare-type heating element according to the present invention has the flexibility that the conventional sheet heating element does not have and the characteristic that the sheet heating element has a large area and uniformly generates heat, and is flexible like a human body. An object to be heated that is easily deformed can be effectively used for various heating applications as a heating element that can be heated softly in a contact state or a close state with good thermal efficiency.

従って、前記実施例に記載した各種の用途は勿論、例えば、病院用ベッドの加熱や敷布の加熱、食品などの保温、乳幼児の介護装置への適用など、各種の遠赤外線で加熱する用途に広く利用することができる。   Therefore, the various applications described in the above embodiments are of course widely used for heating with various far-infrared rays, such as heating of hospital beds, heating of mattresses, heat insulation of foods, application to nursing devices for infants, etc. Can be used.

本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体をカバーに収容した発熱部材の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the heat generating member which accommodated the cover type heat generating element concerning the present invention in the cover. カバーの接合部分の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the junction part of a cover. 本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体の正面図である。It is a front view of the Sudare type heating element concerning the present invention. 図3に示したスダレ形発熱体の横断面図である。FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the saddle-shaped heating element shown in FIG. 3. 図3に示した発熱体を拡大し、紐状発熱体を形成する状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which expands the heat generating body shown in FIG. 3, and shows the state which forms a string-like heat generating body. 本発明に係るスダレ形発熱体の変形状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the deformation | transformation state of the saddle-type heat generating body which concerns on this invention. 図6に示したスダレ形発熱体の変形態様を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the deformation | transformation aspect of the Sudare-type heat generating body shown in FIG. 図6に示したスダレ形発熱体の変形態様を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the deformation | transformation aspect of the Sudare-type heat generating body shown in FIG. 自動車用シートを加熱する発熱体の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the heat generating body which heats a vehicle seat. 加熱式ベストの概略図説明図である。It is a schematic diagram explanatory drawing of a heating type vest. 異形物や乳幼児用の保温や暖房用の発熱体の側面図である。It is a side view of the heat generating body for the heat retention and heating for a deformed thing and infants. 抱き枕の使用方法の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the usage method of a body pillow. 図12に示した抱き枕に本発明の加熱装置設けたものを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows what provided the heating apparatus of this invention in the body pillow shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1、1K シート状発熱部材
2、2A、2B、2S スダレ形発熱体
2a スリット
2b 紐状発熱体
2c 中間層
2d 導電層
3 電気絶縁性カバー
4、4A 電極線
H 面状発熱体
8 ベスト
13 抱き枕
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1K Sheet-like heat generating member 2, 2A, 2B, 2S Sudare-type heat generating body 2a Slit 2b String-shaped heat generating body 2c Intermediate layer 2d Conductive layer 3 Electrical insulation cover 4, 4A Electrode wire H Planar heat generating body 8 Best 13 Dakimakura pillow

Claims (6)

熱可塑性合成樹脂に導電性微粉末を所定量添加した混合物を成形したシート状の発熱部の両縁にそれぞれ電極線を配置したPTC特性を持つ面状発熱体を使用し、
前記発熱部の幅方向に多数の切断線を穿設して紐条発熱体を形成し、前記発熱部を紐条発熱体の配列体として構成したことを特徴とするスダレ形発熱体。
Using a sheet heating element having PTC characteristics in which electrode wires are arranged on both edges of a sheet-like heating part formed by molding a mixture of a predetermined amount of conductive fine powder added to a thermoplastic synthetic resin,
A sled-type heating element, wherein a plurality of cutting lines are formed in the width direction of the heating part to form a string heating element, and the heating part is configured as an array of string heating elements.
前記一連の紐状発熱体を、糸あるいはテープで連結あるいは編組して各紐状発熱体の配列状態を規制したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のスダレ形発熱体。   2. The sudden heating element according to claim 1, wherein the string-like heating elements are connected or braided with a thread or tape to regulate the arrangement state of the string-like heating elements. 前記シート状の発熱部を幅方向に切断して形成された紐状発熱体の間に形成される間隔を加熱量に応じて変化させ、加熱量の少ない場所に開口部が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスダレ形発熱体。   The interval formed between the string-like heating elements formed by cutting the sheet-like heating part in the width direction is changed according to the heating amount, and an opening is formed in a place where the heating amount is small. The sudder-type heating element according to claim 1, wherein: 前記シート状の発熱部を幅方向に切断して形成された紐状発熱体の内、隣接する紐状発熱体の間が連結帯によって連結されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスダレ形発熱体。   The sudder according to claim 1, wherein among the string-like heating elements formed by cutting the sheet-like heating part in the width direction, adjacent string-like heating elements are connected by a connecting band. Shaped heating element. 前記シート状の発熱部を幅方向に切断して形成した紐状発熱体の幅は、被加熱物が膨出している部分に位置するものが、膨出していない部分に比較して狭幅に形成されて変形し易くなっていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のスダレ形発熱体。   The width of the string-like heating element formed by cutting the sheet-like heating part in the width direction is narrower than that of the part where the object to be heated is located but is not bulging. 2. A heating element according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is easily deformed. 前記スダレ形発熱体を熱可塑性樹脂シートからなるカバーに挿入密封したことを特徴とするシート状発熱部材。   A sheet-like heat generating member, wherein the slidable heating element is inserted and sealed in a cover made of a thermoplastic resin sheet.
JP2007027668A 2007-02-07 2007-02-07 Sudare heating element Expired - Fee Related JP5022723B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113796159A (en) * 2019-05-07 2021-12-14 斯维雷尔公司 Heating element for DIN rail
DE102013100653B4 (en) 2013-01-23 2024-02-29 Linde Material Handling Gmbh Industrial truck with electric cabin heating

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56167489U (en) * 1980-05-16 1981-12-11
JPH08232555A (en) * 1995-02-27 1996-09-10 Maeda Corp Window cover
JP2006054131A (en) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-23 Susumu Kiyokawa Electric resistive element

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56167489U (en) * 1980-05-16 1981-12-11
JPH08232555A (en) * 1995-02-27 1996-09-10 Maeda Corp Window cover
JP2006054131A (en) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-23 Susumu Kiyokawa Electric resistive element

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013100653B4 (en) 2013-01-23 2024-02-29 Linde Material Handling Gmbh Industrial truck with electric cabin heating
CN113796159A (en) * 2019-05-07 2021-12-14 斯维雷尔公司 Heating element for DIN rail

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