JP2008180567A - Fluorometric spectrophotometer - Google Patents

Fluorometric spectrophotometer Download PDF

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JP2008180567A
JP2008180567A JP2007013342A JP2007013342A JP2008180567A JP 2008180567 A JP2008180567 A JP 2008180567A JP 2007013342 A JP2007013342 A JP 2007013342A JP 2007013342 A JP2007013342 A JP 2007013342A JP 2008180567 A JP2008180567 A JP 2008180567A
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fluorescence
flow cell
mirror
excitation light
sample
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Mitsuo Kitaoka
光夫 北岡
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Shimadzu Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluorometric spectrophotometer capable of efficiently condensing the fluorescence emitted from a sample to a detector and enhancing detection sensitivity. <P>SOLUTION: The fluorometric spectrophotometer is constituted so that the sample flowing through a cylindrical flow cell 11 is irradiated with the exciting light emitted from an exciting optical system and the fluorescence emitted from the sample is detected by a fluorometric spectroscope 25. The exciting optical system is arranged so that the exciting light is thrown axially from the cell window 18 of the flow cell 11. A reflecting mirror 17 surrounds the peripheral surface of the flow cell 11 and reflects the fluorescence emitted from the sample to guide it to the fluorometric spectroscope 25. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は蛍光分光光度計に関し、例えば、特に小さなセル容量で高感度検出が求められる液体クロマトグラフ用の蛍光分光光度計に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a fluorescence spectrophotometer, for example, to a fluorescence spectrophotometer for a liquid chromatograph that requires particularly high sensitivity detection with a small cell capacity.

蛍光検出の原理は、セル中の試料に励起光を照射することで試料から蛍光を発生させ、この蛍光を検出器に導いて検出するものである。発生する蛍光量は、セル中の試料に入射する励起光量が多いほど多くなる。   The principle of fluorescence detection is to generate fluorescence from a sample by irradiating the sample in the cell with excitation light, and to guide this fluorescence to a detector for detection. The amount of fluorescence generated increases as the amount of excitation light incident on the sample in the cell increases.

図3は従来の蛍光分光光度計を示す概略図である。
フローセル12は角型セルであり、側面から励起光が入射し、発生した蛍光をその側面に隣接する他の側面から検出するものである。フローセル12の励起光学系側には励起用回折格子29が備えられ、光源31からの光を反射させてフローセル12に集光させるようになっている。フローセル12の蛍光分光光度計側には蛍光用回折格子35が備えられ、蛍光検出素子37に集光させるようになっている。励起光と蛍光が通る光軸上には、スリット39と41がそれぞれ備えられている。
このように従来の蛍光分光検出では、角筒状のセルの一側面から励起光を入射し、その励起光によって放出される蛍光をそれと直交する一側面から取り出して、蛍光検出素子で分析している。
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a conventional fluorescence spectrophotometer.
The flow cell 12 is a square cell, in which excitation light is incident from the side surface, and the generated fluorescence is detected from the other side surface adjacent to the side surface. An excitation diffraction grating 29 is provided on the excitation optical system side of the flow cell 12 so that light from the light source 31 is reflected and condensed on the flow cell 12. A fluorescence diffraction grating 35 is provided on the fluorescence spectrophotometer side of the flow cell 12, and is condensed on the fluorescence detection element 37. Slits 39 and 41 are provided on the optical axis through which excitation light and fluorescence pass, respectively.
As described above, in the conventional fluorescence spectroscopic detection, excitation light is incident from one side of a rectangular tube-shaped cell, and fluorescence emitted by the excitation light is taken out from one side perpendicular thereto and analyzed by a fluorescence detection element. Yes.

また、基端と末端を有するフローセルにおいて、基端に励起レンズを備え、末端に逆反射レンズを備えることで、基端側から照射された励起光を集光し反射させ、励起光の光路長を2倍にする蛍光検出器も提案されている(特許文献1参照。)。   Also, in a flow cell having a base end and a terminal end, an excitation lens is provided at the base end, and a retroreflective lens is provided at the end, so that the excitation light irradiated from the base end side is collected and reflected, and the optical path length of the excitation light A fluorescence detector for doubling the frequency has also been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

特表2004−530868号公報JP-T-2004-530868

蛍光検出法は吸光検出法に比べて感度が高い検出方法ではあるが、さらなる高感度化が求められている。
蛍光分光器の検出感度を向上させるためには、発生した蛍光を出来るだけ効率的に蛍光分光器へ集光させる必要がある。しかし、上述の蛍光分光光度計は発生した蛍光を効率よく集光しているとは言えない。
Although the fluorescence detection method is a detection method having higher sensitivity than the absorption detection method, further enhancement of sensitivity is required.
In order to improve the detection sensitivity of the fluorescence spectrometer, it is necessary to condense the generated fluorescence to the fluorescence spectrometer as efficiently as possible. However, it cannot be said that the above-described fluorescence spectrophotometer efficiently collects the generated fluorescence.

本発明の蛍光分光光度計は、励起光学系から照射された励起光を筒状フローセル内を流通する試料に照射し、試料から生じる蛍光を蛍光分光器で検出するものである。そして、励起光学系は励起光をフローセルの端面側から軸方向に入射させるように配置されており、また、フローセルの周面を取り囲んで試料から生じる蛍光を反射させて蛍光分光器に導く反射鏡が備えられている。   The fluorescence spectrophotometer of the present invention irradiates a sample flowing through a cylindrical flow cell with excitation light irradiated from an excitation optical system, and detects fluorescence generated from the sample with a fluorescence spectrometer. The excitation optical system is arranged so that the excitation light is incident in the axial direction from the end face side of the flow cell, and the reflecting mirror surrounds the peripheral surface of the flow cell and reflects the fluorescence generated from the sample to guide it to the fluorescence spectrometer. Is provided.

上記反射鏡としては球面鏡、楕円面鏡及び放物面鏡からなる群から選ばれた凹面反射鏡を用いることができる。   As the reflecting mirror, a concave reflecting mirror selected from the group consisting of a spherical mirror, an ellipsoidal mirror and a parabolic mirror can be used.

また、上記励起光学系からの励起光がフローセルに入射できるように上記鏡の凹部の中心には開口部が設けられていることが好ましい。   Further, it is preferable that an opening is provided at the center of the concave portion of the mirror so that the excitation light from the excitation optical system can enter the flow cell.

蛍光分光器に励起光を入射させないように、上記フローセルの励起光入射側の端面は励起光が透過する材料からなり、上記フローセルの上記端面に対向する端面には励起光を透過しない材質の部材が配置されているようにしてもよい。   In order to prevent excitation light from entering the fluorescence spectrometer, the end surface on the excitation light incident side of the flow cell is made of a material that transmits excitation light, and the end surface opposite to the end surface of the flow cell is made of a material that does not transmit excitation light. May be arranged.

セル中の試料に対して出来るだけ多くの励起光を効率的に入射させることで、励起光を効率よくフローセルに照射できるように、上記部材を反射鏡として用いてもよい。   The member may be used as a reflecting mirror so that excitation light can be efficiently irradiated onto the flow cell by efficiently making as much excitation light as possible incident on the sample in the cell.

上記反射鏡としては、球面鏡、楕円面鏡及び放物面鏡からなる群から選ばれた凹面鏡を用いることができる。   As the reflecting mirror, a concave mirror selected from the group consisting of a spherical mirror, an ellipsoidal mirror, and a parabolic mirror can be used.

なお、上記フローセルの一例として円筒状又は角筒状を挙げることができる。   An example of the flow cell is a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape.

本発明の蛍光分光光度計は、フローセルの周面を取り囲んで試料から生じる蛍光を反射させて蛍光分光器に導く反射鏡を備えるようにしたので、試料から生じる蛍光を効率的に検出器へ集光することができ、検出感度を向上させることができるようになる。   The fluorescence spectrophotometer according to the present invention includes a reflecting mirror that surrounds the peripheral surface of the flow cell and reflects the fluorescence generated from the sample and guides it to the fluorescence spectrometer. Therefore, the fluorescence generated from the sample is efficiently collected to the detector. Light, and detection sensitivity can be improved.

反射鏡に球面鏡、楕円面鏡及び放物面鏡などの凹面鏡を用いると、複数の平面鏡を利用するよりも光を集光するのが容易になる。   When a concave mirror such as a spherical mirror, an ellipsoidal mirror, or a parabolic mirror is used as the reflecting mirror, it is easier to collect light than using a plurality of plane mirrors.

反射鏡の凹部の中心に開口部を設けると、励起光学系からの励起光をフローセルに入射するのが容易になる。   Providing an opening at the center of the concave portion of the reflecting mirror makes it easy for the excitation light from the excitation optical system to enter the flow cell.

フローセルの一端を励起光が透過する材料、他端を励起光を透過しない材質の部材とすることで、フローセルを通過した励起光が蛍光分光器に直接入射することを防ぐことができるので、より高感度に検出することができるようになる。   By using a material that transmits excitation light at one end of the flow cell and a member that does not transmit excitation light at the other end, the excitation light that has passed through the flow cell can be prevented from directly entering the fluorescence spectrometer. It becomes possible to detect with high sensitivity.

上記部材を反射鏡として用いた場合、励起光学系からフローセルを透過した励起光をフローセルに再度入射させることができるので、励起効率を高めることができ、検出感度がさらに向上する。   When the above member is used as a reflecting mirror, excitation light transmitted through the flow cell from the excitation optical system can be incident again on the flow cell, so that excitation efficiency can be increased and detection sensitivity is further improved.

以下に本発明の実施例を説明する。
図1は蛍光分光光度計の概略構成図である。
フローセル11は左右方向に長い円筒状であり、セル11の両端は励起光をフローセル11の中央部に集光できるようにレンズ形状になっている。セル11の側面には試料を内部に流通させるための試料導入口13及び試料排出口15が設けられている。試料導入口13及び試料排出口15は、試料から生じる蛍光が蛍光分光器に集光するのを出来るだけ妨げないように配置されていることが望ましい。
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fluorescence spectrophotometer.
The flow cell 11 has a cylindrical shape that is long in the left-right direction, and both ends of the cell 11 have a lens shape so that excitation light can be collected at the center of the flow cell 11. A sample introduction port 13 and a sample discharge port 15 are provided on the side surface of the cell 11 for circulating the sample therein. It is desirable that the sample inlet 13 and the sample outlet 15 are arranged so as not to prevent the fluorescence generated from the sample from condensing on the fluorescence spectrometer as much as possible.

フローセル11の周囲には、セル11の周面を取り囲むように反射鏡17が配置されている。反射鏡17は例えば球面鏡であり、フローセル11内に流通する試料から生じた蛍光を蛍光分光器に効率的に集光できるものである。実施例の図では球面鏡を例示したが、楕円面鏡や放物面鏡などの凹面反射鏡を用いることもできる。また、複数の平面鏡を接合することで凹面反射鏡を形成してもよい。   A reflecting mirror 17 is arranged around the flow cell 11 so as to surround the peripheral surface of the cell 11. The reflecting mirror 17 is a spherical mirror, for example, and can efficiently condense the fluorescence generated from the sample flowing in the flow cell 11 onto the fluorescence spectrometer. Although the spherical mirror is illustrated in the drawings of the embodiment, a concave reflecting mirror such as an ellipsoidal mirror or a parabolic mirror can also be used. A concave reflecting mirror may be formed by joining a plurality of plane mirrors.

励起光学系は反射鏡17の凹部側(図1中のフローセル11の左端側)に配置されており、励起光はフローセル11の端面側からフローセル11の軸方向に入射される。
励起光を効率良くフローセル11内に入射させるため、反射鏡17の凹部の中心は開口部となっており、フローセル11の左端側は励起光を透過する材料から構成された入射側セル窓18となっている。これにより、励起光がフローセル11内に入射する際の光軸を確保することができる。このセル窓18として、実施例の図ではレンズ形状を示したが、平面板でもよい。
The excitation optical system is disposed on the concave side of the reflecting mirror 17 (the left end side of the flow cell 11 in FIG. 1), and the excitation light is incident in the axial direction of the flow cell 11 from the end face side of the flow cell 11.
In order for the excitation light to enter the flow cell 11 efficiently, the center of the concave portion of the reflecting mirror 17 is an opening, and the left end side of the flow cell 11 has an incident side cell window 18 made of a material that transmits the excitation light. It has become. Thereby, the optical axis when excitation light enters into the flow cell 11 can be secured. As the cell window 18, a lens shape is shown in the drawing of the embodiment, but a flat plate may be used.

セル11の右端側には励起光を透過しない材質の部材が配置されており、その部材の内側は反射鏡19となっている。反射鏡19は球面状の部材にアルムニウムコーティングを施すことによって形成され、セル11の中心方向に励起光を反射させるものである。   A member made of a material that does not transmit excitation light is disposed on the right end side of the cell 11, and the inside of the member is a reflecting mirror 19. The reflecting mirror 19 is formed by applying an aluminium coating to a spherical member, and reflects the excitation light toward the center of the cell 11.

セル11の周面は例えば石英ガラスからなる部材21によって形成されており、両端の部材との間にはフッ素樹脂等のシール材23が埋め込まれている。また、試料導入口13及び試料排出口15もシール材によって部材21と固定されている。
蛍光分光器25は、反射鏡17により反射された蛍光が蛍光分光器25のスリット27に集光するように、配置されている。
The peripheral surface of the cell 11 is formed by a member 21 made of, for example, quartz glass, and a sealing material 23 such as a fluororesin is embedded between the members at both ends. Further, the sample introduction port 13 and the sample discharge port 15 are also fixed to the member 21 by a sealing material.
The fluorescence spectrometer 25 is arranged so that the fluorescence reflected by the reflecting mirror 17 is condensed on the slit 27 of the fluorescence spectrometer 25.

次に同実施例の動作を説明する。
円筒フローセル11の軸は励起入射光の光軸に合致しており、入射側セル窓18を通して励起光が試料に照射する。セル11内の試料から生じた蛍光は反射鏡17で反射し、蛍光分光器25の前段のスリット27を通り、蛍光分光器を経て検出素子で電気信号となる。また、セル窓18を通って入射した励起光の一部は反射鏡19によりセル11の中心方向に反射され、試料から蛍光を生じさせる。ここで生じた蛍光も反射鏡17で反射してスリット27に集光する。
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
The axis of the cylindrical flow cell 11 coincides with the optical axis of the excitation incident light, and the excitation light irradiates the sample through the incident side cell window 18. Fluorescence generated from the sample in the cell 11 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 17, passes through the slit 27 at the front stage of the fluorescence spectrometer 25, passes through the fluorescence spectrometer, and becomes an electrical signal at the detection element. Further, part of the excitation light incident through the cell window 18 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 19 toward the center of the cell 11 to generate fluorescence from the sample. The fluorescent light generated here is also reflected by the reflecting mirror 17 and collected in the slit 27.

このように、従来の方法では、励起入射光の入射軸に対して垂直な360°の方向に放出される蛍光の一部のみしか利用していなかったが、本発明は、円筒状のセルの中心軸を励起入射方向と同じになるように配置し、励起光入射軸と垂直な360°全域にわたり放出される蛍光を球面鏡、楕円面鏡又は放物面鏡により捕捉し、蛍光分光器へ導く構成としたので、蛍光分光器へ到達する蛍光量を増大させることができる。   As described above, in the conventional method, only a part of the fluorescence emitted in the direction of 360 ° perpendicular to the incident axis of the excitation incident light is used. The central axis is arranged to be the same as the excitation incident direction, and the fluorescence emitted over the entire 360 ° perpendicular to the excitation light incident axis is captured by a spherical mirror, an ellipsoidal mirror, or a parabolic mirror, and guided to a fluorescence spectrometer. Since the configuration is adopted, the amount of fluorescence reaching the fluorescence spectrometer can be increased.

図2はフローセル、励起光学系及び蛍光分光光度計を備えた蛍光分光光度計の全体図である。反射鏡17は図1に示されたようにフローセル11の周面を取り囲むように備えられている。フローセル11の光軸の励起光学系側には励起用回折格子29が備えられ、光源31からの光を反射させるようになっている。光源31の周囲にはミラー33が備えられており、光源31からの励起光を効率的に集光できるようになっている。   FIG. 2 is an overall view of a fluorescence spectrophotometer including a flow cell, an excitation optical system, and a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The reflecting mirror 17 is provided so as to surround the peripheral surface of the flow cell 11 as shown in FIG. An excitation diffraction grating 29 is provided on the excitation optical system side of the optical axis of the flow cell 11 so as to reflect light from the light source 31. A mirror 33 is provided around the light source 31 so that excitation light from the light source 31 can be collected efficiently.

フローセル11の光軸の蛍光分光光度計側にはスリット27が備えられており、スリット27の奥には蛍光用回折格子35が備えられている。また、蛍光用回折格子35によって反射された蛍光を集光するための蛍光検出素子37が備えられている。   A slit 27 is provided on the fluorescence spectrophotometer side of the optical axis of the flow cell 11, and a fluorescence diffraction grating 35 is provided behind the slit 27. In addition, a fluorescence detection element 37 for collecting the fluorescence reflected by the fluorescence diffraction grating 35 is provided.

この実施例図の場合、光源31からの励起光は励起用回折格子29で反射してフローセル11に照射された後、セル11内で生じた蛍光は反射鏡17によってスリット27に集光され、蛍光用回折格子35で反射し、蛍光検出素子37に集光される。
これにより、従来よりも装置の配置スペースを小さくできるため、測定装置を小型化することができるとともに、高感度に検出することができる。
In the case of this embodiment diagram, the excitation light from the light source 31 is reflected by the excitation diffraction grating 29 and applied to the flow cell 11, and then the fluorescence generated in the cell 11 is condensed on the slit 27 by the reflecting mirror 17. The light is reflected by the fluorescence diffraction grating 35 and condensed on the fluorescence detection element 37.
Thereby, since the arrangement space of the apparatus can be made smaller than before, the measuring apparatus can be reduced in size and detected with high sensitivity.

なお、蛍光検出の検出感度は、光学系の効率を上げて光電子増倍管に到達する蛍光量を増やすことによって向上させることができる。
本発明の構成により、放出される蛍光の利用率を著しく向上させることが可能になり、検出感度を大幅に向上させることができるようになる。
Note that the detection sensitivity of fluorescence detection can be improved by increasing the efficiency of the optical system and increasing the amount of fluorescence reaching the photomultiplier tube.
According to the configuration of the present invention, the utilization factor of emitted fluorescence can be remarkably improved, and the detection sensitivity can be greatly improved.

本発明は蛍光分光光度計、特に小さなセル容量で高感度検出が求められる液体クロマトグラフ用の蛍光分光光度計に有効に利用することができる。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be effectively used for a fluorescence spectrophotometer, particularly a liquid chromatograph for a liquid chromatograph that requires high sensitivity detection with a small cell capacity.

蛍光分光光度計の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of a fluorescence spectrophotometer. フローセル、励起光学系及び蛍光分光光度計を備えた蛍光分光光度計の全体図である。It is a whole view of the fluorescence spectrophotometer provided with the flow cell, the excitation optical system, and the fluorescence spectrophotometer. 従来の蛍光分光光度計を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the conventional fluorescence spectrophotometer.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

11 フローセル
13 試料導入口
15 試料排出口
17 反射鏡
18 セル窓
19 反射鏡
21 部材
23 シール材
25 蛍光分光器
27 スリット
29 励起用回折格子
31 光源
33 ミラー
35 蛍光用回折格子
37 蛍光検出素子
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Flow cell 13 Sample inlet 15 Sample discharge port 17 Reflector 18 Cell window 19 Reflector 21 Member 23 Sealing material 25 Fluorescence spectrometer 27 Slit 29 Excitation diffraction grating 31 Light source 33 Mirror 35 Fluorescence diffraction grating 37 Fluorescence detection element

Claims (7)

励起光学系から照射された励起光を筒状フローセル内を流通する試料に照射し、試料から生じる蛍光を蛍光分光器で検出する蛍光分光光度計において、
前記励起光学系は励起光をフローセルの端面側から軸方向に入射させるように配置されており、
前記フローセルの周面を取り囲んで試料から生じる蛍光を反射させて前記蛍光分光器に導く反射鏡が備えられていることを特徴とする蛍光分光光度計。
In a fluorescence spectrophotometer that irradiates a sample flowing in a cylindrical flow cell with excitation light irradiated from an excitation optical system, and detects fluorescence generated from the sample with a fluorescence spectrometer,
The excitation optical system is arranged so that excitation light is incident in the axial direction from the end face side of the flow cell,
A fluorescence spectrophotometer comprising a reflecting mirror that surrounds a peripheral surface of the flow cell and reflects fluorescence generated from a sample to guide the fluorescence to the fluorescence spectrometer.
前記反射鏡は球面鏡、楕円面鏡及び放物面鏡からなる群から選ばれた凹面反射鏡である請求項1に記載の蛍光分光光度計。   The fluorescence spectrophotometer according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting mirror is a concave reflecting mirror selected from the group consisting of a spherical mirror, an ellipsoidal mirror, and a parabolic mirror. 前記励起光学系からの励起光が前記フローセルに入射できるように前記鏡の凹部の中心には開口部が設けられている請求項2に記載の蛍光分光光度計。   The fluorescence spectrophotometer according to claim 2, wherein an opening is provided at the center of the concave portion of the mirror so that excitation light from the excitation optical system can enter the flow cell. 前記フローセルの励起光入射側の端面は励起光が透過する材料からなり、前記フローセルの前記端面に対向する端面には励起光を透過しない材質の部材が配置されている請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の蛍光分光光度計。   The end face on the excitation light incident side of the flow cell is made of a material that transmits the excitation light, and a member made of a material that does not transmit the excitation light is disposed on the end face that faces the end face of the flow cell. The fluorescence spectrophotometer according to claim 1. 前記部材は反射鏡である請求項4に記載の蛍光分光光度計。   The fluorescence spectrophotometer according to claim 4, wherein the member is a reflecting mirror. 前記反射鏡は球面鏡、楕円面鏡及び放物面鏡からなる群から選ばれた凹面鏡である請求項5に記載の蛍光分光光度計。   6. The fluorescence spectrophotometer according to claim 5, wherein the reflecting mirror is a concave mirror selected from the group consisting of a spherical mirror, an ellipsoidal mirror, and a parabolic mirror. 前記フローセルは円筒状又は角筒状である請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の蛍光分光光度計。   The fluorescence spectrophotometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the flow cell has a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape.
JP2007013342A 2007-01-24 2007-01-24 Fluorometric spectrophotometer Pending JP2008180567A (en)

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