JP2008163454A - Phosphorous-containing copper anode for electric copper plating, and its production method - Google Patents

Phosphorous-containing copper anode for electric copper plating, and its production method Download PDF

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JP2008163454A
JP2008163454A JP2007301562A JP2007301562A JP2008163454A JP 2008163454 A JP2008163454 A JP 2008163454A JP 2007301562 A JP2007301562 A JP 2007301562A JP 2007301562 A JP2007301562 A JP 2007301562A JP 2008163454 A JP2008163454 A JP 2008163454A
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anode
copper
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phosphorus
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JP4554662B2 (en
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Tamahiro Aiba
玲宏 相場
Gakuo Okabe
岳夫 岡部
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Nikko Kinzoku KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a phosphorous-containing copper anode for electric copper plating with which the occurrence of particles such as sludge at the anode side in a plating solution can be suppressed and the deposition of the particles on a semiconductor wafer can be prevented when electric copper plating is carried out, to provide an electric copper plating method using the phosphorous-containing copper anode, to provide a semiconductor wafer plated by the plating method using the phosphorous-containing copper anode and having few stuck particles, and to provide a method for producing the phosphorous-containing copper anode for electric copper plating. <P>SOLUTION: The phosphorus-containing copper anode 4 for electric copper plating is used as an anode for performing electric copper plating and obtained by using phosphorus-containing copper as the anode, wherein the phosphorus-containing copper anode has a Micro-Vickers hardness of ≥40. In the electric copper plating method, the phosphorus-containing copper anode is used. The semiconductor wafer 3 is plated by the copper plating method using the copper anode 4 and has few stuck particles. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、電気銅めっきの際に、めっき浴中のアノード側で発生するスラッジ等のパーティクルの発生を抑え、特に半導体ウエハへのパーティクルの付着を防止する電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及びその製造方法に関するThe present invention relates to a phosphorous copper anode for electrolytic copper plating that suppresses the generation of particles such as sludge generated on the anode side in a plating bath during electrolytic copper plating, and particularly prevents the adhesion of particles to a semiconductor wafer, and its It relates to a manufacturing method .

一般に、電気銅めっきは、PWB(プリント配線板)等において銅配線形成用として使用されているが、最近では半導体の銅配線形成用として使用されるようになってきた。電気銅めっきは歴史が長く、多くの技術的蓄積があり今日に至っているが、この電気銅めっきを半導体の銅配線形成用として使用する場合には、PWBでは問題にならなかった新たな不都合が出てきた。  In general, electrolytic copper plating is used for forming a copper wiring in a PWB (printed wiring board) or the like, but has recently been used for forming a copper wiring of a semiconductor. Electro-copper plating has a long history, and has accumulated a lot of technology, and has come to the present day. However, when this electro-copper plating is used for forming a copper wiring of a semiconductor, there is a new inconvenience that was not a problem with PWB. It came out.

通常、電気銅めっきを行う場合、アノードとして含リン銅が使用されている。これは、白金、チタン、酸化イリジウム製等の不溶性アノードを使用した場合、めっき液中の添加剤がアノード酸化の影響を受けて分解し、めっき不良が発生するためであり、また可溶性アノードの電気銅や無酸素銅を使用した場合、溶解時に一価の銅の不均化反応に起因する金属銅や酸化銅からなるスラッジ等のパーティクルが大量に発生し、被めっき物を汚染してしまうためである。
これに対して、含リン銅アノードを使用した場合、電解によりアノード表面にリン化銅や塩化銅等からなるブラックフィルムが形成され、一価の銅の不均化反応による金属銅や酸化銅の生成を抑え、パーティクルの発生を抑制することができる。
Usually, when performing electrolytic copper plating, phosphorous copper is used as an anode. This is because when an insoluble anode made of platinum, titanium, iridium oxide or the like is used, the additive in the plating solution is decomposed due to the influence of the anodic oxidation, resulting in poor plating. When copper or oxygen-free copper is used, a large amount of particles such as sludge made of metallic copper or copper oxide resulting from the disproportionation reaction of monovalent copper during dissolution will contaminate the object to be plated. It is.
In contrast, when a phosphorous copper anode is used, a black film made of copper phosphide, copper chloride, or the like is formed on the anode surface by electrolysis, and metal copper or copper oxide is formed by the disproportionation reaction of monovalent copper. Generation can be suppressed and generation of particles can be suppressed.

しかし、上記のようにアノードとして含リン銅を使用しても、ブラックフィルムの脱落やブラックフィルムの薄い部分での金属銅や酸化銅の生成があるので、完全にパーティクルの生成が抑えられるわけではない。
このため、通常アノードバッグと呼ばれる濾布でアノードを包み込んで、パーティクルがめっき液に到達するのを防いでいる。
ところが、この方法を、特に半導体ウエハへのめっきに適用した場合、上記のようなPWB等への配線形成では問題にならなかった微細なパーティクルが半導体ウエハに到達し、これが半導体に付着してめっき不良の原因となる問題が発生した。
However, even if phosphorus-containing copper is used as the anode as described above, the generation of particles cannot be completely suppressed because there is a drop of the black film or the formation of metallic copper or copper oxide in the thin part of the black film. Absent.
For this reason, the anode is usually wrapped with a filter cloth called an anode bag to prevent particles from reaching the plating solution.
However, when this method is applied particularly to plating on a semiconductor wafer, fine particles that have not been a problem in the formation of wiring on the PWB or the like as described above reach the semiconductor wafer, which adheres to the semiconductor and is plated. A problem that caused the failure occurred.

本発明は、電気銅めっきを行う際に、めっき液中のアノード側で発生するスラッジ等のパーティクルの発生を抑え、特に半導体ウエハへのパーティクルの付着を防止するための、電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及びその製造方法を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention relates to a phosphorous-containing electrolytic copper plating for suppressing the generation of particles such as sludge generated on the anode side in a plating solution and preventing the adhesion of particles to a semiconductor wafer when performing electrolytic copper plating. It is an object to provide a copper anode and a method for manufacturing the same.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明者らは鋭意研究を行った結果、電極の材料を改良し、アノードでのパーティクルの発生を抑えることにより、パーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ等を安定して製造できるとの知見を得た。
本発明はこの知見に基づき、
1.半導体ウエハへの電気銅めっきを行うアノードであって、アノードとして含リン銅アノードを使用し、該含リン銅アノードのマイクロビッカース硬度が40以上であって、該含リン銅アノードが歪取り焼鈍又は低温焼鈍による一部再結晶組織を有し、該含リン銅アノードのリン含有率が1〜1000wtppmであり、リン及びガス成分を除き純度が99.9〜99.9999wt%であることを特徴とする電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード
2.含リン銅アノードのマイクロビッカース硬度が70以上であることを特徴とする上記1記載の電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード、を提供する。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive research, and as a result, by improving the material of the electrode and suppressing the generation of particles at the anode, a semiconductor wafer having less particle adhesion can be stably produced. The knowledge that it can manufacture was acquired.
The present invention is based on this finding,
1. An anode for performing electrolytic copper plating of the semiconductor wafer, using phosphorus-containing copper anode as the anode, der micro Vickers hardness of the hydrated phosphorous copper anode is 40 or more, the hydrated phosphorous copper anode stress relief annealing Alternatively, it has a partially recrystallized structure by low-temperature annealing, the phosphorus content of the phosphorous copper anode is 1 to 1000 wtppm, and the purity is 99.9 to 99.9999 wt% excluding phosphorus and gas components 1. Phosphorus-containing copper anode for electrolytic copper plating 2. The phosphorous copper anode for electrolytic copper plating according to 1 above, wherein the phosphorous copper anode has a micro Vickers hardness of 70 or more.

また、本発明は、
3.半導体ウエハへの電気銅めっきを行うアノードの製造方法であって、リン含有率が1〜1000wtppmであり、リン及びガス成分を除き純度が99.9〜99.9999wt%である含リン銅をアノードに加工した後、このアノードを歪取り焼鈍又は低温焼鈍して内部歪みを除去し、かつ該含リン銅マイクロビッカース硬度を40以上とすることを特徴とする電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノードの製造方法
4.含リン銅アノードのマイクロビッカース硬度を70以上とすることを特徴とする上記3記載の電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノードの製造方法、を提供する。
The present invention also provides:
3. A method of manufacturing an anode for performing electrolytic copper plating on a semiconductor wafer , wherein phosphorus content is 1 to 1000 wtppm, and phosphorous copper having a purity of 99.9 to 99.9999 wt% excluding phosphorus and gas components is anode after processing, the removal of the internal strain of the anode and stress relief annealing or low-temperature annealing, and production of electrolytic copper plating phosphorous copper anode, characterized in that the the hydrated copper-phosphorus micro Vickers hardness is 40 or more Method 4. 4. The method for producing a phosphorous copper anode for electrolytic copper plating as described in 3 above, wherein the phosphorous copper anode has a micro Vickers hardness of 70 or more .

本発明は、電気銅めっきを行う際に、めっき液中のアノード側で発生するスラッジ等によるパーティクルの発生を抑え、半導体ウエハへのパーティクルの付着を極めて低減でき、さらに、含リン銅アノードの結晶粒径、リン含有率、溶解時の電流密度等を最適化するというという厳密な調整を必要とすることなく達成できるというという優れた効果を有する。  The present invention suppresses the generation of particles due to sludge and the like generated on the anode side in the plating solution when performing electrolytic copper plating, and can extremely reduce the adhesion of particles to the semiconductor wafer. It has an excellent effect that it can be achieved without requiring strict adjustment of optimizing the particle size, phosphorus content, current density at the time of dissolution, and the like.

発明の実施の形態BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

図1に、半導体ウエハの電気銅めっき方法に使用する装置の例を示す。この銅めっき装置は硫酸銅めっき液2を有するめっき槽1を備える。アノードとして含リン銅アノードからなるアノード4を使用し、カソードにはめっきを施すための、例えば半導体ウエハとする。
上記のように、電気めっきを行う際、アノードとして含リン銅を使用する場合には、表面にリン化銅及び塩化銅を主成分とするブラックフィルムが形成され、該アノード溶解時の、一価の銅の不均化反応に起因する金属銅や酸化銅等からなるスラッジ等のパーティクルの生成を抑制する機能を持つ。
しかし、ブラックフィルムの生成速度は、アノードの電流密度、結晶粒径、リン含有率等の影響を強く受け、電流密度が高いほど、結晶粒径が小さいほど、またリン含有率が高いほど速くなり、その結果、ブラックフィルムは厚くなる傾向があることがわかった。
逆に、電流密度が低いほど、結晶粒径が大きいほど、リン含有率が低いほど生成速度は遅くなり、その結果、ブラックフィルムは薄くなる。
上記の通り、ブラックフィルムは金属銅や酸化銅等のパーティクル生成を抑制する機能を持つが、ブラックフィルムが厚すぎる場合には、それが剥離脱落して、それ自体がパーティクル発生の原因となるという大きな問題が生ずる。逆に、薄すぎると金属銅や酸化銅等の生成を抑制する効果が低くなるという問題がある。
FIG. 1 shows an example of an apparatus used for a method for electrolytic copper plating of a semiconductor wafer. The copper plating apparatus includes a plating tank 1 having a copper sulfate plating solution 2. An anode 4 made of a phosphorous copper anode is used as the anode, and the cathode is a semiconductor wafer for plating, for example.
As described above, when phosphorous copper is used as an anode when performing electroplating, a black film mainly composed of copper phosphide and copper chloride is formed on the surface. It has a function of suppressing the generation of particles such as sludge composed of metallic copper, copper oxide and the like due to the disproportionation reaction of copper.
However, the black film production rate is strongly influenced by the anode current density, crystal grain size, phosphorus content, etc., and the higher the current density, the smaller the crystal grain size, and the higher the phosphorus content rate, the faster it becomes. As a result, it was found that the black film tends to be thick.
Conversely, the lower the current density, the larger the crystal grain size, and the lower the phosphorus content, the slower the production rate, and as a result, the black film becomes thinner.
As described above, the black film has a function of suppressing the generation of particles such as metallic copper and copper oxide. However, if the black film is too thick, it is peeled off and caused itself to generate particles. A big problem arises. On the other hand, if it is too thin, there is a problem that the effect of suppressing the production of metallic copper, copper oxide and the like is reduced.

したがって、アノードからのパーティクルの発生を抑えるためには、電流密度、結晶粒径、リン含有率のそれぞれを最適化し、適度な厚さの安定したブラックフィルムを形成することが極めて重要であることが分かる。
このため、本発明者らは、含リン銅アノードの結晶粒径、含リン銅アノードのリン含有率、溶解時の電流密度を、調整する提案をした(特願2001−323265)。これによって、所期の目的を達成することができた。
しかし、これらは上記の通り、最適化という条件において達成されるものであるから、それだけ厳密な調整が必要である。このことから、本発明においては、上記の点をさらに改善し、このような厳密な条件を必要とせずに、スラッジ等の発生が著しく減少させるものである。
Therefore, in order to suppress the generation of particles from the anode, it is extremely important to optimize each of the current density, crystal grain size, and phosphorus content to form a stable black film with an appropriate thickness. I understand.
For this reason, the present inventors have proposed to adjust the crystal grain size of the phosphorous copper anode, the phosphorous content of the phosphorous copper anode, and the current density at the time of dissolution (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-323265). As a result, the intended purpose was achieved.
However, as described above, these are achieved under the condition of optimization, so that strict adjustment is required. Therefore, in the present invention, the above point is further improved, and the generation of sludge and the like is remarkably reduced without requiring such strict conditions.

本発明においては、含リン銅アノードのマイクロビッカース硬度を、40以上とするものであり、これによって電気銅めっきを行う際に、めっき液中のアノード側で発生するスラッジ等のパーティクルの発生を抑え、特に半導体ウエハへのパーティクルの付着を効果的に防止することができる。
特に、含リン銅アノードのマイクロビッカース硬度は、70以上であることが望ましい。この硬度は、含リン銅を溶解・鋳造後、圧延又は鍛造等の加工を行うことによって得ることができる。このようにして得られた含リン銅アノードは、通常未再結晶組織を有するが、本願発明は、さらに前記加工後、歪取り焼鈍を行い、アノード内部の歪を除去する。また、加工後に比較的低温で焼鈍を行う
焼鈍を実施した場合は、一部に再結晶組織を有する場合がある。このように一部に再結晶組織を有するものであっても、硬度が極端に低下しない限り、パーティクルがわずか認められる程度で、実質的には問題となるものではない。したがって、本発明は、このような一部再結晶組織を有するアノードを包含する。
In the present invention, the micro Vickers hardness of the phosphorous copper anode is set to 40 or more, thereby suppressing generation of particles such as sludge generated on the anode side in the plating solution when performing electrolytic copper plating. In particular, the adhesion of particles to the semiconductor wafer can be effectively prevented.
In particular, the micro Vickers hardness of the phosphorous copper anode is desirably 70 or more. This hardness can be obtained by performing processing such as rolling or forging after melting and casting the phosphorous copper. Such phosphorus-containing copper anodes obtained in the has the usual non-recrystallized structure, the present invention further after the processing, performed stress relief annealing to remove the anode internal strain. Also, annealing is performed at a relatively low temperature after processing.
When annealing is performed, a part may have a recrystallized structure. Thus, even if it has a recrystallized structure in part, as long as the hardness is not extremely reduced, only a small amount of particles are observed, and this is not a substantial problem. Therefore, the present invention includes an anode having such a partially recrystallized structure.

含リン銅アノードのリン含有率は、特別な調整する必要はないが、0.1wtppm以上であること、好ましくは1〜1000wtppmであることが望ましい。
また、含リン銅アノードの純度は、主要成分(すなわちCuとP)及びガス成分を除き純度が99〜99.999999wt%であることが望ましい。好ましくは、
主要成分及びガス成分を除き純度を99.9〜99.9999wt%とする。
上記に説明する本発明の含リン銅アノードを使用して電気銅めっきを行うことにより、スラッジ等の発生が著しく減少させることができ、パーティクルが半導体ウエハに到達して、それが半導体ウエハに付着してめっき不良の原因となるようなことがなくなる。そして、含リン銅アノードの結晶粒径、含リン銅アノードのリン含有率、溶解時の電流密度などを厳密に調整する必要がないという特徴がある。
本発明の含リン銅アノードを使用した電気銅めっきは、特に半導体ウエハへのめっきに有用であるが、細線化が進む他の分野の銅めっきにおいても、パーティクルに起因するめっき不良率を低減させる方法として有効である。
The phosphorus content of the phosphorous-containing copper anode does not need to be adjusted specially, but is preferably 0.1 wtppm or more, and preferably 1 to 1000 wtppm.
The purity of the phosphorous copper anode is preferably 99 to 99.99999999 wt% excluding main components (ie, Cu and P) and gas components. Preferably,
The purity is adjusted to 99.9 to 99.9999 wt% excluding main components and gas components.
By performing electrolytic copper plating using the phosphorous copper anode of the present invention described above, the generation of sludge can be remarkably reduced, and particles reach the semiconductor wafer and adhere to the semiconductor wafer. As a result, it does not cause plating defects. There is a feature that it is not necessary to strictly adjust the crystal grain size of the phosphorous copper anode, the phosphorous content of the phosphorous copper anode, the current density at the time of dissolution, and the like.
Electro copper plating using the phosphorous-containing copper anode of the present invention is particularly useful for plating on semiconductor wafers, but also reduces the rate of defective plating due to particles in copper plating in other fields where thinning is progressing. It is effective as a method.

上記の通り、本発明の含リン銅アノードは、金属銅や酸化銅からなるスラッジ等のパーティクルの大量発生を抑制し、被めっき物の汚染を著しく減少させるという効果があるが、従来不溶性アノードを使用することによって発生していた、めっき液中の添加剤の分解及びこれによるめっき不良が発生することもない。
めっき液として、硫酸銅:10〜70g/L(Cu)、硫酸:10〜300g/L、塩素イオン20〜100mg/L、添加剤:(日鉱メタルプレーティング製CC−1220:1mL/L等)を適量使用することができる。また、硫酸銅の純度は99.9%以上とすることが望ましい。
その他、めっき浴温15〜35°C、陰極電流密度0.5〜5.5A/dm、陽極電流密度0.5〜5.5A/dm、めっき時間0.5〜100hrとするのが望ましい。上記にめっき条件の好適な例を示すが、必ずしも上記の条件に制限される必要はない。
As described above, the phosphorus-containing copper anode of the present invention has the effect of suppressing mass generation of particles such as sludge made of metallic copper or copper oxide, and significantly reducing contamination of the object to be plated. There is no occurrence of decomposition of the additive in the plating solution and plating failure caused by the use.
As a plating solution, copper sulfate: 10-70 g / L (Cu), sulfuric acid: 10-300 g / L, chlorine ion 20-100 mg / L, additive: (Nikko Metal Plating CC-1220: 1 mL / L, etc.) The proper amount can be used. Further, the purity of copper sulfate is desirably 99.9% or more.
In addition, the plating bath temperature is 15 to 35 ° C., the cathode current density is 0.5 to 5.5 A / dm 2 , the anode current density is 0.5 to 5.5 A / dm 2 , and the plating time is 0.5 to 100 hr. desirable. Although the suitable example of plating conditions is shown above, it does not necessarily need to be restrict | limited to said conditions.

次に、本発明の実施例について説明する。なお、本実施例はあくまで一例であり、この例に制限されない。すなわち、本発明の技術思想の範囲内で、実施例以外の態様あるいは変形を全て包含するものである。   Next, examples of the present invention will be described. In addition, a present Example is an example to the last, and is not restrict | limited to this example. That is, all aspects or modifications other than the embodiments are included within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

(実施例1〜4)
表1に示すように、アノードとしてリン含有率が100〜500wtppmの含リン銅を使用し、陰極に半導体ウエハを使用した。なお、表1において、実施例1、実施例2はそれぞれ、参考例1、参考例2と読み替えます。
参考例1は、溶解鋳造したリンを500wtppm含有する含リン銅インゴットを80%圧延したもので、マイクロビッカース硬度110を有する未再結晶組織を有する含リン銅アノードである。
参考例2は、溶解鋳造したリンを100wtppm含有する含リン銅インゴットを80%圧延したもので、マイクロビッカース硬度105を有する未再結晶組織を有する含リン銅アノードである。
実施例3は、溶解鋳造したリンを500wtppm含有する含リン銅インゴットを80%圧延し、さらに150°C2時間歪取り焼鈍したもので、マイクロビッカース硬度80を有する未再結晶組織を有する含リン銅アノードである。
(Examples 1-4)
As shown in Table 1, phosphorus-containing copper having a phosphorus content of 100 to 500 wtppm was used as the anode, and a semiconductor wafer was used as the cathode. In Table 1, Example 1 and Example 2 are read as Reference Example 1 and Reference Example 2, respectively.
Reference Example 1 is a phosphorous copper anode obtained by rolling 80% of a phosphorous copper ingot containing 500 wtppm of melt-cast phosphorus and having an unrecrystallized structure having a micro Vickers hardness of 110.
Reference Example 2 is a phosphorous copper anode obtained by rolling 80% of a phosphorous copper ingot containing 100 wtppm of melt-cast phosphorus and having an unrecrystallized structure having a micro Vickers hardness of 105.
Example 3 is a phosphorus-containing copper ingot having a non-recrystallized structure having a micro-Vickers hardness of 80, which is obtained by rolling 80% of a phosphorus-containing copper ingot containing 500 wtppm of melt-cast phosphorus and further strain-annealing at 150 ° C. for 2 hours. The anode.

実施例4は、溶解鋳造したリンを500wtppm含有する含リン銅インゴットを80%圧延し、さらに300°C1時間焼鈍したもので、マイクロビッカース硬度70を有する一部再結晶組織を有する含リン銅アノードである。
めっき液として、硫酸銅:20g/L(Cu)、硫酸:200g/L、塩素イオン60mg/L、添加剤[光沢剤、界面活性剤](日鉱メタルプレーティング社製:商品名CC−1220):1mL/Lを使用した。めっき液中の硫酸銅の純度は99.99%であった。
めっき条件は、めっき浴温30°C、陰極電流密度2.0〜4.0A/dm、陽極電流密度2.0〜4.0A/dm、めっき時間24〜48hrである。上記の条件を表1に示す。
Example 4 is a phosphorous copper anode having a partially recrystallized structure having a micro Vickers hardness of 70, in which a phosphorous copper ingot containing 500 wtppm of melt-cast phosphorus is rolled 80% and further annealed at 300 ° C. for 1 hour. It is.
As a plating solution, copper sulfate: 20 g / L (Cu), sulfuric acid: 200 g / L, chloride ion 60 mg / L, additive [brightener, surfactant] (manufactured by Nikko Metal Plating Co., Ltd .: trade name CC-1220) 1 mL / L was used. The purity of copper sulfate in the plating solution was 99.99%.
The plating conditions are a plating bath temperature of 30 ° C., a cathode current density of 2.0 to 4.0 A / dm 2 , an anode current density of 2.0 to 4.0 A / dm 2 , and a plating time of 24 to 48 hours. The above conditions are shown in Table 1.

めっき後、パーティクルの発生量及びめっき外観を観察した。その結果を同様に表1に示す。
なお、パーティクルの量は、上記電解後、めっき液を0.2μmのフィルターで濾過し、この濾過物の重量を測定した。
また、めっき外観は、上記電解後、被めっき物を交換し、1minのめっきを行い、ヤケ、曇り、フクレ、異常析出、異物付着等の有無を目視観察した。
以上の結果、本実施例1〜3ではパーティクルの量が1mg未満であった。硬度がやや低く一部再結晶組織を有する実施例4のみが26mgのパーティクルの量を示したが、特に問題となる量ではなかった。また、めっき外観及び埋め込み性は、いずれも良好であった。
After plating, the amount of particles generated and the appearance of plating were observed. The results are also shown in Table 1.
In addition, the amount of particles was obtained by filtering the plating solution with a 0.2 μm filter after the electrolysis and measuring the weight of the filtrate.
In addition, after the electrolysis, the plating appearance was changed by replacing the object to be plated, and plating was performed for 1 minute, and the presence or absence of burns, fogging, blistering, abnormal precipitation, foreign matter adhesion, etc. was visually observed.
As a result, in Examples 1 to 3, the amount of particles was less than 1 mg. Only Example 4, which had a slightly lower hardness and a partially recrystallized structure, showed an amount of particles of 26 mg, but it was not a particularly problematic amount. Moreover, the plating appearance and the embedding property were both good.

Figure 2008163454
Figure 2008163454

(比較例1〜3)
表2に示すように、アノードとしてリン含有率が100〜500wtppmの含リン銅を使用し、陰極に半導体ウエハを使用した。
比較例1は、リンを500wtppm含有する鋳造したままの組織(再結晶組織)を持つ含リン銅アノードであり、マイクロビッカース硬度35を有する。
比較例2は、リンを500wtppm含有する鋳造したままの組織(再結晶組織)を持つ含リン銅アノードであり、マイクロビッカース硬度32を有する。
比較例3は、リンを100wtppm含有する鋳造したままの組織(再結晶組織)を持つ含リン銅アノードであり、マイクロビッカース硬度38を有する。
実施例と同様に、めっき液として硫酸銅:20g/L(Cu)、硫酸:200g/L、塩素イオン60mg/L、添加剤[光沢剤、界面活性剤](日鉱メタルプレーティング社製:商品名CC−1220):1mL/Lを使用した。めっき液中の硫酸銅の純度は99.99%であった。
めっき条件は、同様にめっき浴温30°C、陰極電流密度2.0〜4.0A/dm、陽極電流密度2.0〜4.0A/dm、めっき時間24〜48hrとした。上記の条件を表2に示す。
(Comparative Examples 1-3)
As shown in Table 2, phosphorus-containing copper having a phosphorus content of 100 to 500 wtppm was used as the anode, and a semiconductor wafer was used as the cathode.
Comparative Example 1 is a phosphorus-containing copper anode having an as-cast structure (recrystallized structure) containing 500 wtppm of phosphorus, and has a micro Vickers hardness of 35.
Comparative Example 2 is a phosphorus-containing copper anode having an as-cast structure (recrystallized structure) containing 500 wtppm of phosphorus, and has a micro Vickers hardness of 32.
Comparative Example 3 is a phosphorus-containing copper anode having an as-cast structure (recrystallized structure) containing 100 wtppm of phosphorus and has a micro Vickers hardness of 38.
As in the example, copper sulfate: 20 g / L (Cu), sulfuric acid: 200 g / L, chlorine ion 60 mg / L, additive [brightener, surfactant] (product of Nikko Metal Plating Co., Ltd .: commercial product) Name CC-1220): 1 mL / L was used. The purity of copper sulfate in the plating solution was 99.99%.
Similarly, the plating conditions were a plating bath temperature of 30 ° C., a cathode current density of 2.0 to 4.0 A / dm 2 , an anode current density of 2.0 to 4.0 A / dm 2 , and a plating time of 24 to 48 hours. The above conditions are shown in Table 2.

Figure 2008163454
Figure 2008163454

めっき後、パーティクルの発生量及びめっき外観を観察した。その結果を同様に表2に示す。
なお、パーティクルの量及びめっき外観は、上記実施例と同様の条件で測定及び観察した。以上の結果、比較例1〜3ではパーティクルの量が、実施例に比べ1711〜4395mgと著しく増加し、まためっき外観も不良であった。
After plating, the amount of particles generated and the appearance of plating were observed. The results are also shown in Table 2.
The amount of particles and the appearance of plating were measured and observed under the same conditions as in the above examples. As a result, the amount of particles in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was remarkably increased to 1711 to 4395 mg compared to the Examples, and the plating appearance was poor.

本発明は、電気銅めっきを行う際に、めっき液中のアノード側で発生するスラッジ等によるパーティクルの発生を抑え、半導体ウエハへのパーティクルの付着を極めて低減でき、さらに、含リン銅アノードの結晶粒径、リン含有率、溶解時の電流密度等を最適化するというという厳密な調整を必要とすることなく達成できるというという優れた効果を有するので、電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード等として有用である。  The present invention suppresses the generation of particles due to sludge and the like generated on the anode side in the plating solution when performing electrolytic copper plating, and can extremely reduce the adhesion of particles to the semiconductor wafer. Useful as phosphorous copper anode for electrolytic copper plating, etc. because it has the excellent effect that it can be achieved without requiring strict adjustments such as optimization of particle size, phosphorus content, current density at the time of dissolution, etc. It is.

本発明の半導体ウエハの電気銅めっき方法において使用する装置の概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram of the apparatus used in the electrolytic copper plating method of the semiconductor wafer of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 めっき槽
2 硫酸銅めっき液
3 半導体ウエハ
4 含リン銅アノード
1 Plating tank 2 Copper sulfate plating solution 3 Semiconductor wafer 4 Phosphorus copper-containing anode

Claims (8)

電気銅めっきを行うアノードであって、アノードとして含リン銅を使用し、該含リン銅アノードのマイクロビッカース硬度が40以上であることを特徴とする電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及び該含リン銅アノードを使用する電気銅めっき方法並びにこれらを用いてめっきされたパーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ。 An anode for electrolytic copper plating, wherein phosphorous copper is used as an anode, and the phosphorous copper anode has a micro Vickers hardness of 40 or more, and the phosphorous copper anode for electrolytic copper plating and the phosphorous containing Electro-copper plating method using a copper anode, and a semiconductor wafer plated with these with less particle adhesion. 含リン銅アノードのマイクロビッカース硬度が70以上であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及び該含リン銅アノードを使用する電気銅めっき方法並びにこれらを用いてめっきされたパーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ。 The micro Vickers hardness of the phosphorous copper anode is 70 or more, the phosphorous copper anode for electrolytic copper plating according to claim 1, an electrolytic copper plating method using the phosphorous copper anode, and plating using these Semiconductor wafer with little particle adhesion. 電気銅めっきを行うアノードであって、アノードとして含リン銅を使用し、該含リン銅アノードが未再結晶組織又は一部再結晶組織を有することを特徴とする電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及び該含リン銅アノードを使用する電気銅めっき方法並びにこれらを用いてめっきされたパーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ。 An anode for electrolytic copper plating, wherein phosphorous copper is used as the anode, and the phosphorous copper anode has an unrecrystallized structure or a partially recrystallized structure. And an electrolytic copper plating method using the phosphorous-containing copper anode, and a semiconductor wafer plated with these and having less particle adhesion. 電気銅めっきを行うアノードであって、アノードとして含リン銅を使用し、該含リン銅アノードが未再結晶組織又は一部再結晶組織を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及び該含リン銅アノードを使用する電気銅めっき方法並びにこれらを用いてめっきされたパーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ。 The anode according to claim 1 or 2, wherein phosphorous copper is used as an anode, and the phosphorous copper anode has an unrecrystallized structure or a partially recrystallized structure. A phosphorous copper anode for copper plating, an electrolytic copper plating method using the phosphorous copper anode, and a semiconductor wafer with less particle adhesion plated using these. 含リン銅アノードのリン含有率が0.1wtppm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のそれぞれに記載の電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及び該含リン銅アノードを使用する電気銅めっき方法並びにこれらを用いてめっきされたパーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ。 The phosphorus content of the phosphorous copper anode is 0.1 wtppm or more, and the phosphorous copper anode for electrolytic copper plating according to each of claims 1 to 4, and the electrolytic copper plating using the phosphorous copper anode Method and semiconductor wafer plated with these and having less particle adhesion. 含リン銅アノードのリン含有率が1〜1000wtppmであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及び該含リン銅アノードを使用する電気銅めっき方法並びにこれらを用いてめっきされたパーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ。 The phosphorus content of the phosphorous copper anode is 1 to 1000 wtppm, the phosphorous copper anode for electrolytic copper plating according to claim 5, an electrolytic copper plating method using the phosphorous copper anode, and using these A semiconductor wafer plated with low particle adhesion. リン及びガス成分を除き純度が99〜99.999999wt%であることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のそれぞれに記載の電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及び該含リン銅アノードを使用する電気銅めっき方法並びにこれらを用いてめっきされたパーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ。 The phosphorus-containing copper anode for electrolytic copper plating according to claim 1 and the electrolytic copper using the phosphorus-containing copper anode according to claim 1, wherein the purity is 99 to 99.99999999 wt% excluding phosphorus and gas components Plating method and semiconductor wafer plated with these and having less particle adhesion. リン及びガス成分を除き純度が99.9〜99.9999wt%であることを特徴とする請求項7記載の電気銅めっき用含リン銅アノード及び該含リン銅アノードを使用する電気銅めっき方法並びにこれらを用いてめっきされたパーティクル付着の少ない半導体ウエハ。 The phosphorus-containing copper anode for electrolytic copper plating according to claim 7, wherein the purity is 99.9 to 99.9999 wt% excluding phosphorus and gas components, and the copper-plating method using the phosphorus-containing copper anode and A semiconductor wafer plated with these and having little particle adhesion.
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JP2011122174A (en) * 2009-12-08 2011-06-23 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Phosphorus-containing copper anode electrode for copper electroplating, method of producing the same, and copper electroplating method
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