JP2008161753A - Method for treating dialysis waste water - Google Patents

Method for treating dialysis waste water Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2008161753A
JP2008161753A JP2006351434A JP2006351434A JP2008161753A JP 2008161753 A JP2008161753 A JP 2008161753A JP 2006351434 A JP2006351434 A JP 2006351434A JP 2006351434 A JP2006351434 A JP 2006351434A JP 2008161753 A JP2008161753 A JP 2008161753A
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waste water
dialysis
biological treatment
hollow fiber
fiber membrane
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Toyozo Hamada
豊三 浜田
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Daicel Corp
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Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating dialysis waste water, in which the dialysis waste water after artificial dialysis is performed is treated so that the treated dialysis waste water can be discharged into a sewer. <P>SOLUTION: The method for treating dialysis waste water comprises the steps of: neutralizing, if necessary, the dialysis waste water after artificial dialysis is performed so that the pH of the dialysis waste water becomes around 6-8; and bringing the neutralized waste water into contact with bacteria in a biological treatment tank 10 to treat the neutralized waste water biologically. The above step of bringing the neutralized waste water into contact with bacteria is combined with a step of filtering the waste water by using a hollow fiber membrane which is used in the form of a bundle 21 of hollow fiber membranes and is immersed in the biological treatment tank 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、病院にて行われる透析液を用いた人工透析後の透析排水を処理し、処理水の下水への排水、河川への放流、土壌への散水ができるようにする、透析排水の処理方法に関する。   The present invention treats dialysis drainage after artificial dialysis using a dialysate performed in a hospital so that drainage into treated sewage, discharge into rivers, water spraying into soil can be performed. It relates to the processing method.

人工透析で使用する透析液には、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、酢酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム等と共にブドウ糖が含有されている。そして、透析排水には、透析後の透析液の他に透析機器の洗浄剤として使用される酢酸や次亜塩素酸ナトリウムも含まれる。一般的には、透析排水は、浄化槽に代表される中和処理や生物処理により、処理されている。
特開平５−３８４９５号公報 特公平８−２４９１２号公報 The dialysate used in artificial dialysis contains glucose together with sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium acetate, sodium hydrogen carbonate and the like. The dialysis drainage includes acetic acid and sodium hypochlorite used as a cleaning agent for dialysis equipment in addition to the dialyzed solution after dialysis. In general, dialysis wastewater is treated by neutralization or biological treatment represented by a septic tank.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-38495 Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-24912

本発明は、透析排水が下水の排水基準値を満たすようにするための処理方法を提供することを課題とする。   This invention makes it a subject to provide the processing method for making a dialysis waste_water | drain satisfy | fill the wastewater waste water reference value.

請求項１の発明は、課題の解決手段として、人工透析後の透析排水を必要に応じて中和処理する工程と、前記透析排水を生物処理槽にて生物処理する工程とを有しており、前記生物処理工程が、前記生物処理槽内に浸漬した中空糸膜で濾過処理する工程である、透析排水の処理方法を提供する。   The invention of claim 1 has, as means for solving the problems, a step of neutralizing dialysis drainage after artificial dialysis as necessary, and a step of biologically treating the dialysis drainage in a biological treatment tank. The method for treating dialysis wastewater, wherein the biological treatment step is a step of filtering with a hollow fiber membrane immersed in the biological treatment tank.

本発明の処理方法を適用することにより、処理水を高度に浄化することができるようになるため、処理水の下水への排水、河川への放流、土壌への散水ができるようになる。   By applying the treatment method of the present invention, the treated water can be highly purified, so that the treated water can be drained into the sewage, discharged into the river, and sprayed into the soil.

〔中和処理工程〕
人工透析器は、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムと酢酸を用いて洗浄する場合があるため、透析排水が酸性を呈する場合がある。このような場合には、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリを使用して、ｐＨ６〜８程度まで中和処理する。なお、透析排水がアルカリ性を呈しているような場合には、酸で中和処理する。 [Neutralization treatment process]
Since an artificial dialyzer may be washed using sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid, the dialysis drainage may be acidic. In such a case, an alkali such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is used to neutralize to pH 6-8. If the dialysis drainage is alkaline, it is neutralized with acid.

〔生物処理工程〕
生物処理は、既設の下水処理場等で多用されている浄化法であり、生物処理槽内において、原水（或いは中和処理した原水）とバクテリアを接触させる。本発明では、生物処理槽内に中空糸膜を浸漬して、生物処理と平行して或いは生物処理後の処理水を濾過処理する。なお、生物処理槽は、地上に設置されていもよいし、地中に埋設されていてもよいが、地上に設置されている方が好ましい。 [Biological treatment process]
Biological treatment is a purification method that is frequently used in existing sewage treatment plants and the like, and in the biological treatment tank, raw water (or neutralized raw water) is brought into contact with bacteria. In the present invention, the hollow fiber membrane is immersed in the biological treatment tank, and the treated water after the biological treatment is filtered in parallel with the biological treatment. The biological treatment tank may be installed on the ground or may be embedded in the ground, but is preferably installed on the ground.

中空糸膜は、多数本を一纏めにした中空糸膜束の形態で使用され、一端側又は両端側から集水するものを用いる。中空糸膜は、ＭＦ膜又は中空の組紐表面に多孔質層が形成された繊維強化型膜であることが好ましい。図１、図２に、中空糸膜を用いた生物処理工程の一実施形態を示す。図１は、生物処理槽の正面図であり、図２は、図１の右側面図である。   The hollow fiber membrane is used in the form of a bundle of hollow fiber membranes in which a large number are bundled together, and one that collects water from one end side or both end sides is used. The hollow fiber membrane is preferably a fiber reinforced membrane in which a porous layer is formed on the surface of an MF membrane or a hollow braid. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a biological treatment process using a hollow fiber membrane. FIG. 1 is a front view of a biological treatment tank, and FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG.

生物処理槽１０は、図２に示すとおり、仕切板１５により、２室（生物処理部１０ａと膜濾過部１０ｂ）に分かれており、２室は、仕切板１５の上方と下方にて連通されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the biological treatment tank 10 is divided into two chambers (the biological treatment unit 10 a and the membrane filtration unit 10 b) by the partition plate 15, and the two chambers communicate with each other above and below the partition plate 15. ing.

生物処理槽１０の底部には、生物処理の曝気及び中空糸膜の洗浄に用いる散気筒１１が配置されている。散気筒１１は、連結管１２を介して、給気管１３に接続されている。給気管１３の端部開口部は、空気源に開放されている。   At the bottom of the biological treatment tank 10, a dust cylinder 11 used for aeration of biological treatment and cleaning of the hollow fiber membrane is disposed. The diffusion cylinder 11 is connected to an air supply pipe 13 via a connecting pipe 12. An end opening of the supply pipe 13 is open to an air source.

図２に示すように、空気源からの空気は、４つに枝分かれした給気管１３を通って各散気筒１１に達し、生物処理部１０ａ及び膜濾過部１０ｂにおいて散気される。また、各給気管１３には、給気量を個別に調整するための流量調整バルブを設けることもできる。また、給気管１３と集水管２０は、各々独立した流路であり、連通はしていない。   As shown in FIG. 2, the air from the air source passes through the four branched supply pipes 13 to reach each of the diffusion cylinders 11 and is diffused in the biological treatment unit 10a and the membrane filtration unit 10b. Each air supply pipe 13 may be provided with a flow rate adjusting valve for individually adjusting the air supply amount. Further, the air supply pipe 13 and the water collecting pipe 20 are independent flow paths, and are not in communication.

生物処理槽１０内には、開口部近くに固定された集水管２０から、所要本数の中空糸膜束２１が鉛直方向に吊り下げられている。図１、図２の例では、１つの集水管に３つずつの中空糸膜束２１が取り付けられており、全体で６束が使用されている。中空糸膜束２１は、上端側が上部集水キャップ２２に固定され、他端側が下部固定キャップ２３に固定されている。上部集水キャップ２２は、着脱自在のアダプター２４を介して、集水管２０に接続されている。   In the biological treatment tank 10, a required number of hollow fiber membrane bundles 21 are suspended in a vertical direction from a water collecting pipe 20 fixed near the opening. In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, three hollow fiber membrane bundles 21 are attached to one water collecting pipe, and six bundles are used as a whole. The hollow fiber membrane bundle 21 has an upper end fixed to the upper water collecting cap 22 and the other end fixed to the lower fixing cap 23. The upper water collecting cap 22 is connected to the water collecting pipe 20 via a detachable adapter 24.

生物処理槽１０内に原水（或いは中和処理した原水）を満たした状態にて、生物処理をしながら又は生物処理後に中空糸膜束を浸漬して、濾過処理する。   While the biological treatment tank 10 is filled with raw water (or neutralized raw water), the hollow fiber membrane bundle is immersed in the biological treatment or after biological treatment and filtered.

濾過運転条件としては、濾過処理及び逆圧洗浄処理（必要により、薬液を使用する）を繰り返し行うことが好ましい（例えば、濾過９分及び逆圧洗浄１分）。中空糸膜に対する吸引圧は数kPa程度が好ましい。濾過処理や逆圧洗浄処理中には、散気筒１１により、中空糸膜束２１の下方から空気等の気体をバブリングすることができる。   As filtration operation conditions, it is preferable to repeatedly perform a filtration treatment and a back pressure washing treatment (a chemical solution is used if necessary) (for example, filtration for 9 minutes and back pressure washing for 1 minute). The suction pressure for the hollow fiber membrane is preferably about several kPa. During the filtration process or the counter pressure washing process, the dust cylinder 11 can bubble a gas such as air from below the hollow fiber membrane bundle 21.

中空糸膜で濾過された濾過水は、上部集水キャップ２２を経て集水管２０に流入し、排水される。   The filtered water filtered by the hollow fiber membrane flows into the water collecting pipe 20 through the upper water collecting cap 22 and is drained.

実施例１
（人工透析排水）
塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、酢酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、氷酢酸、ブドウ糖、尿素及びリン酸二水素ナトリウムからなる人工透析排水（ＢＯＤ濃度１，０００ｍｇ／Ｌ）を調製した。 Example 1
(Artificial dialysis drainage)
Artificial dialysis drainage (BOD concentration 1,000 mg / L) consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium acetate, sodium bicarbonate, glacial acetic acid, glucose, urea and sodium dihydrogen phosphate was prepared.

（膜エレメント）
ポリエーテルスルホン２２質量％、Ｎ−メチルピロリドン５２質量％、ポリビニルピロリドン９質量％、シリカ２質量％からなる製膜ドープを、中空状のテトロンスリーブ表面に塗布し、凝固浴中で凝固させることで、外径２．０ｍｍ、内径０．９ｍｍ、純水透過速度１５００Ｌ／ｍ２／ｈ（１００kPa）の中空糸膜を得た。この中空糸膜３６０本を用いて、有効長さ４８０ｍｍの膜エレメントを作製した。１本の膜エレメントの有効膜面積は１ｍ２であった。 (Membrane element)
A film-forming dope comprising 22% by mass of polyethersulfone, 52% by mass of N-methylpyrrolidone, 9% by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 2% by mass of silica is applied to the surface of a hollow Tetron sleeve and solidified in a coagulation bath. A hollow fiber membrane having an outer diameter of 2.0 mm, an inner diameter of 0.9 mm, and a pure water permeation rate of 1500 L / m 2 / h (100 kPa) was obtained. Using 360 hollow fiber membranes, a membrane element having an effective length of 480 mm was produced. The effective membrane area of one membrane element was 1 m 2 .

（処理装置）
排水貯留タンク、生物反応タンク及び処理水タンクからなる排水処理装置を用いた。排水貯留タンクには、硫酸又は水酸化ナトリウムが自動投入されるｐＨ調整計が設置されており、排水（人工透析排水）のｐＨを常時６〜８に維持した。生物反応タンク（容量１００Ｌ）内には、活性汚泥液（ＭＬＳＳ濃度８０００ｍｇ／Ｌ）を満たし、２本の膜エレメントを浸漬配置した。 (Processing equipment)
A wastewater treatment apparatus comprising a wastewater storage tank, a biological reaction tank, and a treated water tank was used. The drainage storage tank is provided with a pH adjuster into which sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide is automatically added, and the pH of the drainage (artificial dialysis drainage) was constantly maintained at 6-8. In the biological reaction tank (capacity 100 L), the activated sludge liquid (MLSS concentration 8000 mg / L) was filled, and two membrane elements were immersed.

（濾過運転）
排水処理タンクから生物反応タンクに人工透析排水を連続的に供給しながら、生物反応と膜による固液分離操作により、連続処理した（設定処理量は４２Ｌ／ｈ）。膜下方からの空気量は５０Ｌ／分に設定した。濾過時間９分、有効塩素濃度１０ｍｇ／Ｌの次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液による逆圧洗浄を１分（８４Ｌ／ｈ）で、これを繰り返した。 (Filtration operation)
While continuously supplying artificial dialysis wastewater from the wastewater treatment tank to the biological reaction tank, it was continuously treated by the solid-liquid separation operation using a biological reaction and a membrane (set processing amount was 42 L / h). The amount of air from below the membrane was set to 50 L / min. This was repeated for 9 minutes with a filtration time of 1 minute (84 L / h) by backwashing with an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution having an effective chlorine concentration of 10 mg / L.

また、１日に１度、１時間の割合で、人工透析排水の供給を停止し、代わりに有効塩素濃度８０ｍｇ／Ｌの次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液を供給した。更に、１週間に１度、１時間の割合で、人工透析排水の供給を停止し、代わりに２％酢酸水溶液を供給した。   Also, once a day, the supply of artificial dialysis waste water was stopped at a rate of 1 hour, and an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution having an effective chlorine concentration of 80 mg / L was supplied instead. Further, once a week, the supply of artificial dialysis wastewater was stopped at a rate of 1 hour, and a 2% aqueous acetic acid solution was supplied instead.

以上の濾過運転条件にて１ヶ月の連続運転をしたが、差圧上昇は見られず、濾過液のＢＯＤ濃度は１０ｍｇ／前後で安定していた。   Although continuous operation was performed for 1 month under the above filtration operation conditions, no increase in the differential pressure was observed, and the BOD concentration of the filtrate was stable at around 10 mg / day.

生物処理工程で使用する装置の概略断面図。The schematic sectional drawing of the apparatus used at a biological treatment process. 図１の右側面図。The right view of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 生物処理槽
１０ａ 生物処理部
１０ｂ 膜処理部
１１ 散気筒、
１３ 給気管
１５ 仕切板
２０ 集水管
２１ 中空糸膜束 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Biological treatment tank 10a Biological treatment part 10b Membrane treatment part 11 Spiral cylinder,
13 Supply pipe 15 Partition plate 20 Water collection pipe 21 Hollow fiber membrane bundle

Claims (5)

人工透析後の透析排水を必要に応じて中和処理する工程と、前記透析排水を生物処理槽にて生物処理する工程とを有しており、前記生物処理工程が、前記生物処理槽内に浸漬した中空糸膜で濾過処理する工程である、透析排水の処理方法。   A step of neutralizing the dialysis waste water after the artificial dialysis as needed, and a step of biologically treating the dialysis waste water in a biological treatment tank, and the biological treatment step is included in the biological treatment tank. A method for treating dialysis wastewater, which is a step of filtering with an immersed hollow fiber membrane. 前記中空糸膜がポリスルホン系ポリマーからなるものである、請求項１記載の透析排水の処理方法。   The method for treating dialysis waste water according to claim 1, wherein the hollow fiber membrane is made of a polysulfone polymer. 前記中空糸膜が生物処理槽内において鉛直方向に配置されている、請求項１又は２記載の透析排水の処理方法。   The dialysis wastewater treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hollow fiber membrane is disposed in a vertical direction in a biological treatment tank. 前記中空糸膜による濾過処理と、前記中空糸膜の逆圧洗浄を繰り返し行う、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の透析排水の処理方法。   The processing method of the dialysis waste_water | drain in any one of Claims 1-3 which performs the filtration process by the said hollow fiber membrane, and the back pressure washing | cleaning of the said hollow fiber membrane repeatedly. 前記生物処理槽が地上に設置されている、請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の透析排水の処理方法。

The processing method of the dialysis waste water in any one of Claims 1-4 with which the said biological treatment tank is installed on the ground.

JP2006351434A 2006-12-27 2006-12-27 Method for treating dialysis waste water Pending JP2008161753A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009154271A1 (en) 2008-06-20 2009-12-23 日本電気株式会社 Resource allocation method, identification method, base station, mobile station, and program
JP2010099631A (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-05-06 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Apparatus for treating artificial dialysis wastewater
JP2014108101A (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-12 Univ Of Tsukuba Method for culturing algae using peritoneal dialysis wastewater as culture medium
WO2014192476A1 (en) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-04 住友電気工業株式会社 Filtration device, and filtration method using same

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009154271A1 (en) 2008-06-20 2009-12-23 日本電気株式会社 Resource allocation method, identification method, base station, mobile station, and program
EP3258638A1 (en) 2008-06-20 2017-12-20 NEC Corporation Resource allocation method, identification method, base station, mobile station, and program
EP3595233A1 (en) 2008-06-20 2020-01-15 NEC Corporation Resource allocation method, identification method, base station, mobile station, and program
JP2010099631A (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-05-06 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Apparatus for treating artificial dialysis wastewater
JP2014108101A (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-12 Univ Of Tsukuba Method for culturing algae using peritoneal dialysis wastewater as culture medium
WO2014192476A1 (en) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-04 住友電気工業株式会社 Filtration device, and filtration method using same
CN105246836A (en) * 2013-05-30 2016-01-13 住友电气工业株式会社 Filtration device, and filtration method using same
JPWO2014192476A1 (en) * 2013-05-30 2017-02-23 住友電気工業株式会社 Filtration device and filtration method using the same

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