JP2008157346A - Vehicular hydrogen supply system - Google Patents

Vehicular hydrogen supply system Download PDF

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JP2008157346A
JP2008157346A JP2006346322A JP2006346322A JP2008157346A JP 2008157346 A JP2008157346 A JP 2008157346A JP 2006346322 A JP2006346322 A JP 2006346322A JP 2006346322 A JP2006346322 A JP 2006346322A JP 2008157346 A JP2008157346 A JP 2008157346A
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hydrogen
pressure
tank
hydrogen tank
water
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JP4833819B2 (en
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Masanori Okabe
昌規 岡部
Koji Nakazawa
孝治 中沢
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively reduce energy consumption when filling hydrogen in a hydrogen tank mounted on a vehicle while allowing efficient and economical hydrogen filling work. <P>SOLUTION: This hydrogen supply system 10 comprises a water electrolyzing device 14 for electrolyzing water to generate high pressure hydrogen, and a first hydrogen tank 28a and a second hydrogen tank 28b into which the high pressure hydrogen is filled from the water electrolyzing device 14. Fully-filled pressure in the first hydrogen tank 28a is set to be lower than that in the second hydrogen tank 28b. The first hydrogen tank 28a is a common hydrogen tank while the second hydrogen tank 28b is a preliminary hydrogen tank. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、水を電気分解して高圧水素を生成する水電解装置と、車両に搭載され、前記水電解装置から前記高圧水素が充填される少なくとも第１水素タンク及び第２水素タンクとを備える車両用水素供給システムに関する。   The present invention includes a water electrolysis device that electrolyzes water to generate high-pressure hydrogen, and at least a first hydrogen tank and a second hydrogen tank that are mounted on a vehicle and filled with the high-pressure hydrogen from the water electrolysis device. The present invention relates to a vehicle hydrogen supply system.

近年、水素を燃料として電力又は動力を供給するシステム、例えば、燃料電池システムが提案されている。燃料である水素を製造するために、水を電気分解して水素（及び酸素）を発生させる水電解装置が用いられている。   In recent years, a system for supplying electric power or power using hydrogen as a fuel, for example, a fuel cell system has been proposed. In order to produce hydrogen as a fuel, a water electrolysis apparatus that generates hydrogen (and oxygen) by electrolyzing water is used.

この水電解装置で発生する水素を燃料とする車両では、複数の高圧水素タンクを搭載する構成が採用されている。例えば、特許文献１に開示されている車両用水素ガス供給装置では、図４に示すように、車両１に複数の高圧水素タンク２ａ〜２ｄが搭載されるとともに、各高圧水素タンク２ａ〜２ｄには、充填バルブ３ａ〜３ｄ、放出バルブ４ａ〜４ｄ、圧力センサ５ａ〜５ｄ及び温度センサ６ａ〜６ｄが設けられている。   In a vehicle using hydrogen generated in the water electrolysis apparatus as a fuel, a configuration in which a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen tanks are mounted is employed. For example, in the vehicle hydrogen gas supply device disclosed in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen tanks 2 a to 2 d are mounted on the vehicle 1, and each high-pressure hydrogen tank 2 a to 2 d is mounted. Are provided with filling valves 3a-3d, discharge valves 4a-4d, pressure sensors 5a-5d and temperature sensors 6a-6d.

そして、水素ガス消費時には、複数の高圧水素タンク２ａ〜２ｄの中から１つの高圧水素タンクを選択し、該高圧水素タンクから優先的に水素を消費機器７に供給し、その圧力を低下させている。水素充填時には、先ず、優先的に水素を消費した高圧水素タンクに対して他の高圧水素タンクから水素を移送し、他の高圧水素タンクの温度を低下させている。   When hydrogen gas is consumed, one high-pressure hydrogen tank is selected from the plurality of high-pressure hydrogen tanks 2a to 2d, hydrogen is preferentially supplied from the high-pressure hydrogen tank to the consumer device 7, and the pressure is reduced. Yes. At the time of hydrogen filling, first, hydrogen is transferred from another high-pressure hydrogen tank to the high-pressure hydrogen tank that has consumed hydrogen preferentially, and the temperature of the other high-pressure hydrogen tank is lowered.

特開２００４−８４８０８号公報（図１）Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2004-84808 (FIG. 1)

ところで、上記の特許文献１では、各高圧水素タンク２ａ〜２ｄに高圧水素が満充填される際、それぞれの満充填圧力が相当に高圧となっている。このため、特に、水電解装置から各高圧水素タンク２ａ〜２ｄに、直接、高圧水素を充填する際、前記水電解装置は、常時、高圧水素を製造する必要がある。これにより、水電解装置におけるエネルギロスが大きくなり、高圧水素の充填処理が効率的に遂行されないという問題がある。   By the way, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, when the high-pressure hydrogen tanks 2a to 2d are fully filled with high-pressure hydrogen, the respective full-filling pressures are considerably high. For this reason, especially when the high pressure hydrogen tanks 2a to 2d are directly filled with high pressure hydrogen from the water electrolysis device, the water electrolysis device must always produce high pressure hydrogen. Thereby, the energy loss in a water electrolysis apparatus becomes large, and there exists a problem that the filling process of high pressure hydrogen is not performed efficiently.

本発明はこの種の問題を解決するものであり、車両に搭載された水素タンクに水素を充填する際のエネルギ消費を良好に削減することができ、効率的且つ経済的に水素充填作業を行うことが可能な車両用水素供給システムを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves this type of problem, and can effectively reduce the energy consumption when filling a hydrogen tank mounted on a vehicle with hydrogen, thereby performing the hydrogen filling operation efficiently and economically. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle hydrogen supply system that can be used.

本発明は、水を電気分解して高圧水素を生成する水電解装置と、車両に搭載され、前記水電解装置から前記高圧水素が充填される少なくとも第１水素タンク及び第２水素タンクとを備えている。   The present invention includes a water electrolysis apparatus that electrolyzes water to generate high-pressure hydrogen, and at least a first hydrogen tank and a second hydrogen tank that are mounted on a vehicle and filled with the high-pressure hydrogen from the water electrolysis apparatus. ing.

そして、第１水素タンクの満充填圧力は、第２水素タンクの満充填圧力よりも低圧に設定されるとともに、前記第１水素タンクは、常用水素タンクである一方、前記第２水素タンクは、予備水素タンクである。   The full hydrogen pressure of the first hydrogen tank is set lower than the full hydrogen pressure of the second hydrogen tank, and the first hydrogen tank is a regular hydrogen tank, while the second hydrogen tank is It is a spare hydrogen tank.

また、第１水素タンクの容量は、第２水素タンクの容量より少ないことが好ましい。   The capacity of the first hydrogen tank is preferably smaller than the capacity of the second hydrogen tank.

本発明によれば、満充填圧力の小さな第１水素タンクが、常用水素タンクとして使用されるため、前記第１水素タンクに高圧水素を充填する水電解装置は、比較的低圧の水素を製造することで対応することができる。これにより、水電解装置で消費されるエネルギを有効に削減することが可能になり、効率的且つ経済的な水素充填作業を行うことができる。   According to the present invention, since the first hydrogen tank with a small full filling pressure is used as a regular hydrogen tank, the water electrolysis apparatus for filling the first hydrogen tank with high-pressure hydrogen produces relatively low-pressure hydrogen. It can respond. Thereby, it is possible to effectively reduce the energy consumed by the water electrolysis apparatus, and an efficient and economical hydrogen filling operation can be performed.

一方、例えば、長距離運転が行われる際には、予備水素タンクである第２水素タンクに充填される比較的高圧な水素ガスが使用される。従って、走行途上で水素ガスを充填する作業が不要になり、長距離運転を連続して行うことが可能になる。   On the other hand, for example, when long-distance operation is performed, relatively high-pressure hydrogen gas filled in the second hydrogen tank, which is a reserve hydrogen tank, is used. This eliminates the need for filling with hydrogen gas during traveling, and enables long-distance operation to be performed continuously.

図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る車両用水素供給システム１０の概略構成説明図である。   FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view of a vehicle hydrogen supply system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

水素供給システム１０は、例えば、家庭で使用されるものであり、純水供給装置１２を介して市水から生成された純水が供給され、この純水を電気分解することによって高圧水素を製造する水電解装置１４と、前記水電解装置１４から水素導出路１６に導出される前記高圧水素に含まれる水分を除去する気液分離器（気液分離部）１８と、前記気液分離器１８から水素供給路２０に供給される前記高圧水素に含まれる水分を吸着して除去する吸着部２２と、車両２４に搭載され、前記吸着部２２からドライ水素供給路２６を介して送出される高圧ドライ水素が、直接、充填される複数、例えば、第１水素タンク２８ａ及び第２水素タンク２８ｂとを備える。   The hydrogen supply system 10 is used at home, for example, and is supplied with pure water generated from city water via a pure water supply device 12 and produces high-pressure hydrogen by electrolyzing the pure water. Water electrolyzer 14, a gas-liquid separator (gas-liquid separator) 18 for removing water contained in the high-pressure hydrogen led out from the water electrolyzer 14 to the hydrogen lead-out path 16, and the gas-liquid separator 18. An adsorbing unit 22 that adsorbs and removes moisture contained in the high-pressure hydrogen supplied from the adsorbing unit 20 to the hydrogen supply path 20 and a high-pressure that is mounted on the vehicle 24 and is sent from the adsorbing unit 22 through the dry hydrogen supply path 26. A plurality of, for example, a first hydrogen tank 28a and a second hydrogen tank 28b, which are directly filled with dry hydrogen, are provided.

水電解装置１４は、複数の高圧水電解セル３０が積層されるとともに、常圧〜７０ＭＰａまでの高圧水素を任意の圧力で製造することができる。高圧水電解セル３０の積層方向一端には、純水供給装置１２に連通して純水の循環が行われる配管３２ａ、３２ｂと、水素導出路１６を介して気液分離器１８に連通する配管３２ｃとが設けられる。水素導出路１６には、バルブ３４が配設される。   The water electrolysis apparatus 14 can produce high-pressure hydrogen from normal pressure to 70 MPa at an arbitrary pressure while a plurality of high-pressure water electrolysis cells 30 are stacked. At one end in the stacking direction of the high-pressure water electrolysis cell 30, pipes 32 a and 32 b that communicate with the pure water supply device 12 and circulate pure water, and pipes that communicate with the gas-liquid separator 18 through the hydrogen lead-out path 16. 32c. A valve 34 is disposed in the hydrogen outlet path 16.

気液分離器１８には、純水循環路３６の一端が接続され、前記純水循環路３６は、純水供給装置１２を介装して水電解装置１４の配管３２ａに接続される。気液分離器１８の底部には、純水循環路３６に連通するドレンバルブ３８ａ、３８ｂが設けられる。   One end of a pure water circulation path 36 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 18, and the pure water circulation path 36 is connected to a pipe 32 a of the water electrolysis apparatus 14 via the pure water supply device 12. Drain valves 38 a and 38 b communicating with the pure water circulation path 36 are provided at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 18.

気液分離器１８と吸着部２２とを連通する水素供給路２０には、バルブ４０が接続される。吸着部２２は、水素に含まれる水蒸気（水分）を物理的吸着作用で吸着するとともに、加熱により水分を蒸発脱着して再生される水分吸着剤を充填した単一（又は複数）の吸着塔４２を備える。水分吸着剤としては、例えば、活性炭、合成ゼオライト、多孔質アルミナ又はシリカが用いられる。吸着塔４２は、通常、ＴＳＡ（Ｔｈｅｒｍａｌ Ｓｗｉｎｇ Ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ）装置の熱吸着塔が使用される。なお、吸着部２２は、ＴＳＡ装置の熱吸着塔に代えて、ＰＳＡ（Ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ Ｓｗｉｎｇ Ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ）装置の吸着塔を使用してもよい。   A valve 40 is connected to the hydrogen supply path 20 that communicates the gas-liquid separator 18 and the adsorption unit 22. The adsorption unit 22 adsorbs water vapor (moisture) contained in hydrogen by a physical adsorption action and a single (or plural) adsorption tower 42 filled with a moisture adsorbent regenerated by evaporating and desorbing moisture by heating. Is provided. As the moisture adsorbent, for example, activated carbon, synthetic zeolite, porous alumina, or silica is used. As the adsorption tower 42, a thermal adsorption tower of a TSA (Thermal Swing Adsorption) apparatus is usually used. The adsorption unit 22 may use an adsorption tower of a PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) apparatus instead of the heat adsorption tower of the TSA apparatus.

ドライ水素供給路２６には、バルブ４４が配設されるとともに、前記ドライ水素供給路２６の端部には、車両２４のドライ水素充填口４６に接続自在な供給接続部４８が設けられる。車両２４は、ドライ水素充填口４６に三方切替バルブ５０を介して第１供給路５２ａと第２供給路５２ｂと選択的に連通自在であり、前記第１供給路５２ａには、第１水素タンク２８ａが配設される一方、前記第２供給路５２ｂには、第２水素タンク２８ｂが配設される。   A valve 44 is disposed in the dry hydrogen supply path 26, and a supply connection portion 48 that can be connected to the dry hydrogen filling port 46 of the vehicle 24 is provided at an end of the dry hydrogen supply path 26. The vehicle 24 can selectively communicate with the dry hydrogen filling port 46 via the three-way switching valve 50 between the first supply path 52a and the second supply path 52b, and the first supply path 52a includes a first hydrogen tank. On the other hand, a second hydrogen tank 28b is disposed in the second supply path 52b.

第１水素タンク２８ａは、容量が２ｋｇのタンクである一方、第２水素タンク２８ｂは、容量が３ｋｇのタンクである。第１水素タンク２８ａの満充填圧力は、例えば、１０ＭＰａに設定されるとともに、第２水素タンク２８ｂの満充填圧力は、前記第１水素タンク２８ａよりも高圧の、例えば、３５ＭＰａに設定される。   The first hydrogen tank 28a is a tank having a capacity of 2 kg, while the second hydrogen tank 28b is a tank having a capacity of 3 kg. The full filling pressure of the first hydrogen tank 28a is set to 10 MPa, for example, and the full filling pressure of the second hydrogen tank 28b is set to a pressure higher than that of the first hydrogen tank 28a, for example, 35 MPa.

第１水素タンク２８ａは、常用タンクであり、日常走行に使用される一方、第２水素タンク２８ｂは、予備水素タンクであり、週末等の長距離走行時に使用される。   The first hydrogen tank 28a is a regular tank and is used for daily travel, while the second hydrogen tank 28b is a spare hydrogen tank and is used for long-distance travel such as weekends.

第１水素タンク２８ａ及び第２水素タンク２８ｂの容量及び満充填圧力は、それぞれ想定される日常走行距離及び長距離走行距離に対応して設定される。例えば、車両２４の燃費が６０ｍｉｌｅ／ｋｇとし、前記車両２４に搭載される総タンク容量が５ｋｇとする条件のもと、日常走行距離が３０ｍｉｌｅ以下で且つ、週末の長距離走行距離が２１０ｍｉｌｅ以下であるとして、上記の種々の値が設定される。具体的に、第１水素タンク２８ａでは、０．５７ｋｇの水素が充填されて３４ｍｉｌｅの走行が可能である一方、第２水素タンク２８ｂでは、３ｋｇの水素が充填されて１８０ｍｉｌｅの走行が可能である。なお、総走行距離は、２１４ｍｉｌｅである。   The capacity | capacitance and full filling pressure of the 1st hydrogen tank 28a and the 2nd hydrogen tank 28b are each set corresponding to the assumed daily travel distance and long distance travel distance. For example, under the condition that the fuel consumption of the vehicle 24 is 60 milli / kg and the total tank capacity mounted on the vehicle 24 is 5 kg, the daily mileage is 30 miles or less and the weekend long-distance mileage is 210 miles or less. Assuming there are various values described above. Specifically, the first hydrogen tank 28a is filled with 0.57 kg of hydrogen and can travel 34 milliliters, while the second hydrogen tank 28b is filled with 3 kg of hydrogen and can travel 180 millimiles. . The total travel distance is 214mile.

なお、常用タンクである第１水素タンク２８ａの満充填圧力は、車両２４が使用されるときの走行距離に応じて変更可能である。また、第２水素タンク２８ｂは、日常走行時には使用されていないが、３５ＭＰａの満充填圧力でドライ水素が充填されている。   Note that the full filling pressure of the first hydrogen tank 28a, which is a regular tank, can be changed according to the travel distance when the vehicle 24 is used. The second hydrogen tank 28b is not used during daily running, but is filled with dry hydrogen at a full filling pressure of 35 MPa.

このように構成される水素供給システム１０の動作について、以下に説明する。   The operation of the hydrogen supply system 10 configured as described above will be described below.

先ず、純水供給装置１２では、市水から水が供給されるとともに、純水循環路３６に純水が導出されており、この純水は、水電解装置１４を構成する配管３２ａに供給される。水電解装置１４では、各高圧水電解セル３０において水が電気により分解されて高圧水素（１ＭＰａ〜７０ＭＰａ）が得られ、この高圧水素は、配管３２ｃを介して水電解装置１４の外部に取り出し可能となる。一方、反応により生成した酸素と、使用済みの水とは、配管３２ｂを介して純水供給装置１２に戻される。   First, in the pure water supply device 12, water is supplied from city water, and pure water is led out to the pure water circulation path 36, and this pure water is supplied to a pipe 32 a constituting the water electrolysis device 14. The In the water electrolysis device 14, water is decomposed by electricity in each high-pressure water electrolysis cell 30 to obtain high-pressure hydrogen (1 MPa to 70 MPa), and this high-pressure hydrogen can be taken out of the water electrolysis device 14 through the pipe 32c. It becomes. On the other hand, the oxygen produced by the reaction and the used water are returned to the pure water supply device 12 via the pipe 32b.

図２に示すように、水電解装置１４で生成された水蒸気を含む比較的高圧の水素は、水素導出路１６を介して気液分離器１８に送られる。この気液分離器１８では、高圧水素に含まれる水蒸気が、この高圧水素から分離されて純水循環路６３に戻される一方、前記高圧水素は、水素供給路２０に供給される。   As shown in FIG. 2, relatively high-pressure hydrogen containing water vapor generated by the water electrolysis device 14 is sent to the gas-liquid separator 18 via the hydrogen lead-out path 16. In the gas-liquid separator 18, the water vapor contained in the high-pressure hydrogen is separated from the high-pressure hydrogen and returned to the pure water circulation path 63, while the high-pressure hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen supply path 20.

水素供給路２０に供給された高圧水素は、吸着部２２を構成する吸着塔４２に導入される。この吸着塔４２内では、高圧水素に含まれる水蒸気が吸着されて乾燥状態の高圧水素（高圧ドライ水素）が得られ、この高圧ドライ水素が前記吸着塔４２からドライ水素供給路２６に導出される。   The high-pressure hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen supply path 20 is introduced into the adsorption tower 42 that constitutes the adsorption unit 22. In the adsorption tower 42, water vapor contained in high-pressure hydrogen is adsorbed to obtain dry high-pressure hydrogen (high-pressure dry hydrogen), and the high-pressure dry hydrogen is led out from the adsorption tower 42 to the dry hydrogen supply path 26. .

ドライ水素供給路２６に導出された高圧ドライ水素は、供給接続部４８に接続されるドライ水素充填口４６から車両２４内に供給され、三方切替バルブ５０を介して第１供給路５２ａから第１水素タンク２８ａに充填される。   The high-pressure dry hydrogen led out to the dry hydrogen supply passage 26 is supplied into the vehicle 24 from the dry hydrogen filling port 46 connected to the supply connection portion 48, and is supplied from the first supply passage 52 a through the three-way switching valve 50. The hydrogen tank 28a is filled.

この場合、本実施形態では、第１水素タンク２８ａの満充填圧力が、比較的低圧な１０ＭＰａに設定されており、水電解装置１４の水素製造（供給）圧力は、前記第１水素タンク２８ａのタンク圧力である満充填圧力と同期している。その際、タンク圧力と水素製造に係るシステム効率とは、図３に示す関係を有している。   In this case, in this embodiment, the full filling pressure of the first hydrogen tank 28a is set to a relatively low pressure of 10 MPa, and the hydrogen production (supply) pressure of the water electrolysis device 14 is set to the first hydrogen tank 28a. It synchronizes with the full filling pressure which is the tank pressure. At that time, the tank pressure and the system efficiency relating to hydrogen production have the relationship shown in FIG.

このため、第１水素タンク２８ａにドライ水素を充填する際に、水素製造作業に消費されるエネルギを有効に削減することができる。これにより、効率的且つ経済的に水素充填作業を行うことが可能になるという効果が得られる。   For this reason, when the first hydrogen tank 28a is filled with dry hydrogen, the energy consumed for the hydrogen production work can be effectively reduced. Thereby, the effect that it becomes possible to perform a hydrogen filling operation | work efficiently and economically is acquired.

さらに、各家庭において、第１水素タンク２８ａへのドライ水素の充填作業を夜間に行う際には、比較的時間をかけて水素の製造を行うことができる。従って、水素製造効率が一層向上するという利点がある。   Furthermore, in each household, when the dry hydrogen filling operation into the first hydrogen tank 28a is performed at night, hydrogen can be produced over a relatively long time. Therefore, there is an advantage that the hydrogen production efficiency is further improved.

第１水素タンク２８ａへのドライ水素の充填作業は、毎夜間行われる一方、第２水素タンク２８ｂへのドライ水素の充填作業は、予め、休日等を使用して行われている。すなわち、平日走行時には、第１水素タンク２８ａに充填されているドライ水素を用いて車両２４が走行される。   The filling operation of dry hydrogen into the first hydrogen tank 28a is performed every night, while the filling operation of dry hydrogen into the second hydrogen tank 28b is performed in advance using a holiday or the like. That is, when traveling on weekdays, the vehicle 24 is traveled using dry hydrogen filled in the first hydrogen tank 28a.

一方、週末や旅行等のために比較的長距離走行が必要な際には、満充填圧力が第１水素タンク２８ａの満充填圧力（１０ＭＰａ）に比べて高圧（３５ＭＰａ）に設定され、且つ容量が前記第１水素タンク２８ａの容量２ｋｇよりも大容量（３ｋｇ）に設定される第２水素タンク２８ｂに充填されているドライ水素が用いられる。このため、長距離走行時には、走行途上で水素ガスを充填する作業が不要になり、長距離運転を連続して良好に行うことが可能になる。   On the other hand, when a relatively long distance is required for a weekend or travel, the full filling pressure is set to a higher pressure (35 MPa) than the full filling pressure (10 MPa) of the first hydrogen tank 28a, and the capacity is increased. However, dry hydrogen filled in the second hydrogen tank 28b set to a capacity (3 kg) larger than the capacity 2 kg of the first hydrogen tank 28a is used. For this reason, during long-distance travel, the work of filling hydrogen gas in the course of travel becomes unnecessary, and long-distance operation can be performed continuously and satisfactorily.

ここで、実施例として、平日に３０ｍｉｌｅの走行を５日間行うとともに、週末に６０ｍｉｌｅの走行を２日間行い、この走行を４週間繰り返し行う場合について説明する。なお、車両燃費は、６０ｍｉｌｅ／ｋｇに設定されている。   Here, as an example, a case will be described in which a 30-mile run on weekdays is performed for 5 days, a 60-mile run is performed on weekends for 2 days, and the run is repeated for 4 weeks. The vehicle fuel consumption is set to 60 milli / kg.

先ず、比較例として、家庭用水素充填装置（図示せず）を用いて図示しない車両の水素タンク（５ｋｇ）に毎日水素を充填する際、約３５ＭＰａの水素が、（０．５ｋｇ×５＋１ｋｇ×２）×４＝１８ｋｇだけ必要となる。そして、３５ＭＰａの圧力時におけるシステム効率が７０％であるとすると、３５ＭＰａの水素を１ｋｇだけ生成するために必要な電力は５６．５ｋＷｈ／ｋｇであり、１８ｋｇだけ生成するために必要な全電力としては、１０１７ｋＷｈだけ必要となる。   First, as a comparative example, when a hydrogen tank (5 kg) of a vehicle (not shown) is charged daily using a household hydrogen filling device (not shown), about 35 MPa of hydrogen is (0.5 kg × 5 + 1 kg × 2). ) × 4 = 18kg is required. If the system efficiency at a pressure of 35 MPa is 70%, the power required to generate only 1 kg of 35 MPa hydrogen is 56.5 kWh / kg, and the total power required to generate only 18 kg is Requires only 1017 kWh.

これに対して、本実施形態において、第１水素タンク２８ａの満充填圧力を１０ＭＰａとする一方、第２水素タンク２８ｂの満充填圧力を２０ＭＰａとする。その際、約１０ＭＰａの水素が、０．５×５×４＝１０ｋｇで、約２０ＭＰａの水素が、１×２×４＝８ｋｇとなる。そして、１０ＭＰａの圧力時のシステム効率が７５％で、２０ＭＰａの圧力時のシステム効率が７２％であるとすると、５２．９×１０＋５５．１×８＝９７０ｋＷｈの電力が必要となる。   On the other hand, in this embodiment, the full filling pressure of the first hydrogen tank 28a is set to 10 MPa, while the full filling pressure of the second hydrogen tank 28b is set to 20 MPa. At that time, about 10 MPa of hydrogen is 0.5 × 5 × 4 = 10 kg, and about 20 MPa of hydrogen is 1 × 2 × 4 = 8 kg. If the system efficiency at a pressure of 10 MPa is 75% and the system efficiency at a pressure of 20 MPa is 72%, 52.9 × 10 + 55.1 × 8 = 970 kWh of electric power is required.

従って、車両２４で走行する距離は、本実施形態と比較例とで同一に設定されているものの、使用されるエネルギは、本実施形態では、比較例に比べて約５％の低減を図ることができる。これにより、水電解装置１４で使用されるエネルギの削減が図られ、効率的な水素製造作業が遂行される。   Therefore, although the distance traveled by the vehicle 24 is set to be the same in the present embodiment and the comparative example, the energy used is reduced by about 5% in the present embodiment compared to the comparative example. Can do. Thereby, the energy used in the water electrolysis apparatus 14 is reduced, and an efficient hydrogen production work is performed.

なお、本実施形態では、車両２４に第１水素タンク２８ａと第２水素タンク２８ｂとを設けているが、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば、３以上の水素タンクを分割して備え、必要に応じて常用タンク及び予備タンクとして使用することもできる。   In the present embodiment, the vehicle 24 is provided with the first hydrogen tank 28a and the second hydrogen tank 28b. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, three or more hydrogen tanks are divided and provided. If necessary, it can be used as a regular tank and a spare tank.

本発明の実施形態に係る車両用水素供給システムの概略構成説明図である。It is a schematic structure explanatory view of a vehicle hydrogen supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 前記水素供給システムの動作説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the said hydrogen supply system. タンク圧力とシステム効率との関係図である。FIG. 6 is a relationship diagram between tank pressure and system efficiency. 特許文献１に開示されている車両用水素ガス供給装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the hydrogen gas supply apparatus for vehicles currently disclosed by patent document 1. FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０…水素供給システム １２…純水供給装置
１４…水電解装置 １６…水素導出路
１８…気液分離器 ２０…水素供給路
２２…吸着部 ２４…車両
２８ａ、２８ｂ…水素タンク ４２…吸着塔
５２ａ、５２ｂ…供給路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Hydrogen supply system 12 ... Pure water supply apparatus 14 ... Water electrolysis apparatus 16 ... Hydrogen lead-out path 18 ... Gas-liquid separator 20 ... Hydrogen supply path 22 ... Adsorption part 24 ... Vehicle 28a, 28b ... Hydrogen tank 42 ... Adsorption tower 52a 52b ... supply path

Claims (2)

水を電気分解して高圧水素を生成する水電解装置と、
車両に搭載され、前記水電解装置から前記高圧水素が充填される少なくとも第１水素タンク及び第２水素タンクと、
を備え、
前記第１水素タンクの満充填圧力は、前記第２水素タンクの満充填圧力よりも低圧に設定されるとともに、
前記第１水素タンクは、常用水素タンクである一方、前記第２水素タンクは、予備水素タンクであることを特徴とする車両用水素供給システム。 A water electrolyzer that electrolyzes water to produce high-pressure hydrogen;
At least a first hydrogen tank and a second hydrogen tank mounted on a vehicle and filled with the high-pressure hydrogen from the water electrolysis device;
With
The full filling pressure of the first hydrogen tank is set lower than the full filling pressure of the second hydrogen tank,
The first hydrogen tank is a regular hydrogen tank, while the second hydrogen tank is a spare hydrogen tank. 請求項１記載の車両用水素供給システムにおいて、前記第１水素タンクの容量は、前記第２水素タンクの容量より少ないことを特徴とする車両用水素供給システム。   2. The vehicle hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein the capacity of the first hydrogen tank is smaller than the capacity of the second hydrogen tank.
JP2006346322A 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Vehicle hydrogen supply system Expired - Fee Related JP4833819B2 (en)

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CN102340013A (en) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-01 本田技研工业株式会社 Hydrogen filling system and method of operating the same
JP2017534435A (en) * 2014-08-29 2017-11-24 ヌヴェラ・フュエル・セルズ，エルエルシー Method of operating a pressure swing adsorption purifier using an electrochemical hydrogen compressor
JP2021524412A (en) * 2018-05-18 2021-09-13 バイエリッシェ モトーレン ヴェルケ アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＢａｙｅｒｉｓｃｈｅ Ｍｏｔｏｒｅｎ Ｗｅｒｋｅ Ａｋｔｉｅｎｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ Vehicles with a pressure vessel system and how to drive a vehicle

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JP2005324584A (en) * 2004-05-12 2005-11-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd Intermediate and high pressure hydrogen supply method and its device
JP2006002896A (en) * 2004-06-18 2006-01-05 Honda Motor Co Ltd Hydrogen supply device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002221298A (en) * 2001-01-26 2002-08-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd Hydrogen storage apparatus
JP2005324584A (en) * 2004-05-12 2005-11-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd Intermediate and high pressure hydrogen supply method and its device
JP2006002896A (en) * 2004-06-18 2006-01-05 Honda Motor Co Ltd Hydrogen supply device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010023550A (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-02-04 Honda Motor Co Ltd Vehicle
CN102340013A (en) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-01 本田技研工业株式会社 Hydrogen filling system and method of operating the same
JP2012026463A (en) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd Hydrogen filling system and method of operating the same
JP2017534435A (en) * 2014-08-29 2017-11-24 ヌヴェラ・フュエル・セルズ，エルエルシー Method of operating a pressure swing adsorption purifier using an electrochemical hydrogen compressor
JP2021524412A (en) * 2018-05-18 2021-09-13 バイエリッシェ モトーレン ヴェルケ アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＢａｙｅｒｉｓｃｈｅ Ｍｏｔｏｒｅｎ Ｗｅｒｋｅ Ａｋｔｉｅｎｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ Vehicles with a pressure vessel system and how to drive a vehicle
JP7339281B2 (en) 2018-05-18 2023-09-05 バイエリッシェ モトーレン ヴェルケ アクチエンゲゼルシャフト Vehicles with Pressure Vessel Systems and Methods of Driving Vehicles

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