JP2008138012A - Herbicidal composition including glyphosate ammonium salt as active ingredient - Google Patents
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- JP2008138012A JP2008138012A JP2008013355A JP2008013355A JP2008138012A JP 2008138012 A JP2008138012 A JP 2008138012A JP 2008013355 A JP2008013355 A JP 2008013355A JP 2008013355 A JP2008013355 A JP 2008013355A JP 2008138012 A JP2008138012 A JP 2008138012A
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Abstract
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本発明は容易に散布でき、著しい初期害徴を示すとともに長期的防除効果が優れている除草剤水溶液に関する。 The present invention relates to an aqueous herbicidal solution that can be easily sprayed, exhibits remarkable initial harm, and has an excellent long-term control effect.
散布方法ラウンドアップなど従来のグリホサート塩を有効成分として含む除草剤は、通常100倍ぐらいに稀釈してから散布される。したがって、散布水量は10アール当たり50〜100L位にも達し、散布者は大量の散布液を担いで散布せねばならない。日本においては、農作業者の年齢が毎年のように高くなり高齢者にとって除草剤の散布はきつい仕事になりつつある。本発明の除草剤配合物は、この問題を解決すべく開発されたものである。 Herbicides containing conventional glyphosate salt as an active ingredient such as a round-up spraying method are usually sprayed after being diluted about 100 times. Therefore, the amount of sprayed water reaches about 50 to 100 L per 10 ares, and the sprayer must spray a large amount of sprayed liquid. In Japan, the age of farmers is getting higher every year, and herbicide spraying is becoming a hard task for the elderly. The herbicidal formulation of the present invention has been developed to solve this problem.
除草効果ランドアップなど従来のグリホサート塩を有効成分として含む除草剤は、他の除草剤と比べて雑草の地上部のみを枯らすのではなく、根まで浸透移行し、雑草を枯殺するために再生がない、という他の除草剤には見られない特長を持つ。しかし、一方通常の濃度で散布した場合、一般には散布後植物表面に害徴が表れるのが他の除草剤に比べて遅いという短所がある。この短所を改良すべく初期害徴を表す除草剤(たとえば:グルホシネート、ビアラホス)を混合することがあるが再生が発生し易くなり、グリホサートの特長である根まで枯らすことによって得られる長期的防除効果が犠牲になる傾向がみられる。 Herbicides containing conventional glyphosate salt as an active ingredient, such as the herbicidal effect land up, do not wither only the above-ground part of weeds compared to other herbicides, but penetrate to the roots and regenerate to kill the weeds. It has a feature not found in other herbicides. However, when sprayed at a normal concentration, on the other hand, it generally has a disadvantage that it appears slower on the plant surface after spraying than other herbicides. In order to improve this shortcoming, herbicides (eg: glufosinate, bialaphos) that show initial symptoms may be mixed, but regeneration is likely to occur, and long-term control effects obtained by withering to the roots that are the characteristics of glyphosate Tend to be sacrificed.
本発明の除草剤配合物はグリホサートの特長を犠牲にすることなく初期害微を早く表すよう工夫された配合物である。 The herbicidal formulation of the present invention is a formulation devised to quickly represent the initial harm without sacrificing the characteristics of glyphosate.
散布方法従来の散布方法では、大量の稀釈液を担いで散布せねばならないので、高齢化が進む農業従事者にとっては過酷な労働を強いられている。
除草効果グリホサート塩を有効成分とする除草剤、たとえばラウンドアップは根まで枯らし雑草を根絶するという優れた特長があるが、害微が表れるのが遅いため散布者に不安を与えることがある。初期害微が早く表れ、しかも長期的防除効果の優れている除草剤の開発が望まれている。
Spraying method The conventional spraying method has to carry a large amount of diluting liquid, so that the aging agricultural workers are forced to work hard.
Herbicidal effect Herbicides containing glyphosate salt as an active ingredient, such as round-up, have the excellent feature of eradicating weeds to the roots, but may cause anxiety to the sprayer due to the slow onset of harm. It is desired to develop a herbicide that exhibits early damage and has an excellent long-term control effect.
発明の構成本発明配合物はグリホサートアンモニウム塩を有効成分として含み、その他の助剤として界面活性剤、防カビ剤、防バクテリア剤、および硫安や塩安などを含む水溶液除草剤配合物であり、上記の課題を解決する目的で開発されたものであり容易に散布でき、優れた初期害微と長期的防除効果を示すものである。 The composition of the present invention is an aqueous solution herbicide composition containing glyphosate ammonium salt as an active ingredient, surfactants, fungicides, antibacterial agents, and ammonium sulfate and ammonium salt as other auxiliary agents. It was developed for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems, can be easily sprayed, and exhibits excellent initial damage and long-term control effect.
グリホサートアンモニウム塩を有効成分とする配合物が、グリホサートの他の塩を有効成分とする配合物よりも著しい初期害徴を示し、しかも優れた長期的防除効果を示す結果は表1に示されている。 Table 1 shows the results in which a formulation containing glyphosate ammonium salt as an active ingredient exhibits marked initial symptoms and a superior long-term control effect compared to a formulation containing other salts of glyphosate as active ingredients. Yes.
本発明のグリホサートアンモニウム塩(NH4-glyphosate)を有効成分とする配合物は、表1に示すように散布後1日目で害徴を示すが他の塩を有効成分とする配合物は散布後7日目になってやっと害徴を表す。初期害徴は草種によって異なるが葉面上の白い斑点、あるいは褐色に変色することによって容易に観察される。 Formulations of glyphosate ammonium salt of the present invention the (NH 4 -glyphosate) as an active ingredient, the formulation exhibits harm symptoms in spraying after one day as shown in Table 1 as an active ingredient other salt spray On the 7th day, it will finally show the harm. The initial noxious symptoms vary depending on the grass species, but are easily observed by white spots on the leaf surface or browning.
グリホサートアンモニウム塩を有効成分とする液は他の塩を有効成分とする液に比べて(グリホサート濃度が濃厚な液の場合、表2では16%)はるかに散布し易いことは表2に示されている。 It is shown in Table 2 that the liquid containing glyphosate ammonium salt as an active ingredient is far easier to spray than the liquid containing other salts as the active ingredient (16% in the case of a thick glyphosate concentration). ing.
発明の具体的構成グリホサート塩を有効成分とする除草剤(ラウンドアップ、ポラリス)は雑草を根から枯殺させるために再生がなく、雑草の地上部のみを枯らす他の除草剤に比べて、長期防除効果においてはるかに優れていることがよく知られている。しかし、散布後害微が表れるのが他の除草剤に比べて遅いという短所がある。 Specific composition of the invention Herbicides (round-up, polaris) containing glyphosate salt as an active ingredient are not regenerated to kill weeds from the roots, and longer than other herbicides that kill only the above-ground parts of weeds. It is well known that it is far superior in controlling effect. However, there is a disadvantage in that fine damage appears after application compared to other herbicides.
それはグリホサートが葉面から根まで移行する時間が必要であることによる。初期害徴を早めるために初期害微の早い他の除草剤(例:パラコート、グリホシネート、ビアラホス)を混合することがあるがグリホサートが根まで到達する前に雑草の細胞と生理機構が破壊されたり、抑制されたりするため、グリホサートの効果が低下し再生が表れるという問題があった。 This is due to the time required for glyphosate to move from the leaf surface to the root. Other early herbicides (eg, paraquat, glyphosate, bialaphos) may be mixed to accelerate early symptoms, but weed cells and physiological mechanisms may be destroyed before glyphosate reaches the root In other words, the effect of glyphosate is reduced and the regeneration appears.
一方、従来のグリホサートを主成分とする除草剤でも濃い散布液を散布したり、標準散布量の数倍量(2〜10倍)散布すると長期防除効果を犠牲にすることなく初期害微を早くすることが一般に知られている。非常に濃度が濃い場合には(例えば10倍稀釈液)葉面の散布液の接触面に変色が見られることがある。ただし初期害微を得るために濃い散布液を散布することは、散布者にとって経済的に大きな負担となる。 On the other hand, even with conventional herbicides mainly composed of glyphosate, spraying a thick spray solution or spraying several times the standard spray amount (2 to 10 times) quickly accelerates the initial damage without sacrificing the long-term control effect. It is generally known to do. When the concentration is very high (for example, 10-fold diluted solution), discoloration may be seen on the contact surface of the spray solution on the leaf surface. However, it is economically burdensome for the sprayer to spray the thick spray liquid to obtain the initial damage.
本発明は、濃い除草剤の散布液を少量散布することにより経済的負担をかけることなく、そして長期防除効果を犠牲にすることなく初期害徴を出さしめることであり、また従来グリホサート系除草剤では防除が困難であった草種(たとえばスギナ、ツユクサ、セイタカアワダチソウ)に対しても防除効果を高めようとするものである。 The present invention is to produce an initial symptom without applying an economical burden by spraying a small amount of a concentrated herbicide spray solution, and without sacrificing the long-term control effect, and a conventional glyphosate herbicide Therefore, it is intended to enhance the control effect even for grass species that have been difficult to control (for example, horsetail, cypress, and smelt).
本発明の除草剤配合物は、グリホサートアンモニウム塩を有効成分とする。グリホサートアンモニウム塩は濃い溶液で雑草に散布した場合、グリホサートの他の塩に比べて顕著に初期害徴を示す(表1参照)。 The herbicide composition of the present invention contains glyphosate ammonium salt as an active ingredient. When glyphosate ammonium salt is sprayed on weeds in a concentrated solution, it shows a marked initial symptom compared to other salts of glyphosate (see Table 1).
またアンモニウム塩を含む水溶液は、他の塩を含む水溶液に比べて粘度が低く(表2参照)濃厚液の散布に適している。他の塩の水溶液は粘度が高過ぎて容易に散布できない。 An aqueous solution containing an ammonium salt has a lower viscosity than aqueous solutions containing other salts (see Table 2) and is suitable for spraying a concentrated solution. Aqueous solutions of other salts are too viscous to spread easily.
以上のような技術上での利点に加え、グリホサートアンモニウム塩は従来から使用されている有効成分であるグリホサートイソプロピルアミン塩(ラウンドアップ)やグリホサートトリメシウム塩よりもはるかに安価である。 In addition to the technical advantages as described above, glyphosate ammonium salt is much cheaper than glyphosate isopropylamine salt (round-up) and glyphosate trimesium salt which are conventionally used active ingredients.
本発明に使用される界面活性剤は、グリホサートアンモニウム塩と相溶性の良い界面活性剤に限られる。従来のラウンドアップに使用されている界面活性剤(エトキシ化タロウアミン)や非イオン性界面活性剤の多くは、グリホサートアンモニウム塩と相溶性がなく混合すると水溶液は白濁する。 The surfactant used in the present invention is limited to a surfactant having good compatibility with glyphosate ammonium salt. Many surfactants (ethoxylated tallowamine) and nonionic surfactants used in conventional roundups are incompatible with glyphosate ammonium salts and the aqueous solution becomes cloudy.
また本発明に使用される界面活性剤は、初期害徴を早く出さしめるため、葉面を化学的に傷つけ、グリホサートの浸透を早めるようなものが望ましい。 In addition, the surfactant used in the present invention is preferably one that chemically damages the leaf surface and accelerates the penetration of glyphosate in order to cause early signs of harm.
上記の要求を満足する界面活性剤は、カチオン性四級アンモニウム系界面活性剤である。代表的なものを表3にしめす。 A surfactant that satisfies the above requirements is a cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant. Typical examples are shown in Table 3.
さらに、初期害徴を促進させるためにカチオン性界面活性剤以外の界面活性剤(たとえば非イオン性界面活性剤として、ポリオキシエチレン(n:1〜20)アルキルエーテル類、ソルビタンモノラウレートポリグリコールエーテル類やアニオン界面活性剤としてポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸塩類や無機塩(たとえば硫安や塩安など)を添加してもよい。
Further, surfactants other than cationic surfactants (for example, nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene (n: 1 to 20) alkyl ethers, sorbitan monolaurate polyglycols) are used to promote initial harm. Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphates or inorganic salts (for example, ammonium sulfate or ammonium sulfate) may be added as ethers or anionic surfactants.
これら界面活性剤や添加剤は、単独でも葉面に初期害徴を示すが、グリホサートアンモニウム塩と混合することによりさらに顕著な害徴を表す。また害徴を表す程度の順位は、グリホサートアンモニウム塩を混合すると変化する。それ程顕著に初期害徴を示さない界面活性剤(たとえば表4の界面活性剤A)でも、グリホサートアンモニウム塩を混合すると著しい害徴を表す。すなわち、界面活性剤とグリホサートアンモニウム塩は初期害徴に対して相乗効果を示す(表4参照)。 These surfactants and additives alone show an initial symptom on the foliage, but show more remarkable symptom when mixed with glyphosate ammonium salt. In addition, the order of the degree of indication of harm changes when glyphosate ammonium salt is mixed. Even surfactants that do not show significant initial symptoms (eg, surfactant A in Table 4) exhibit significant symptoms when mixed with glyphosate ammonium salt. That is, the surfactant and the glyphosate ammonium salt show a synergistic effect on the initial symptoms (see Table 4).
初期害徴はほとんどの場合白い斑点(スポット)として葉面に表れるが、表面活性の高いシリコーン系界面活性剤(たとえばOSi Specilties,Inc.のSilwetL-77)を加えると(0.1〜1%)ヌレがよくなり斑点の面積が拡大され害徴が見やすくなることを見出した(表4参照)。 Most of the initial symptoms appear as white spots (spots) on the leaf surface, but when a surface active silicone surfactant (eg, Silwet L-77 from OSi Specilties, Inc.) is added (0.1-1%) ) It has been found that the dullness is improved, the area of the spots is enlarged, and the symptom is easily seen (see Table 4).
初期害徴の表れる時間は、液の種類、濃度、草種、気候などによって大きく異なるが、散布後1〜4日内に表れ、従来の市販されているグリホサート系除草剤に比べて7〜10日程早い。従来のラウンドアップでは初期害徴が表れるまでに1〜2週間かかる。 The time at which initial symptoms appear varies greatly depending on the type of liquid, concentration, grass type, climate, etc., but it appears within 1 to 4 days after spraying, and is about 7 to 10 days compared to the conventional commercially available glyphosate herbicides. fast. In the conventional roundup, it takes 1-2 weeks for the initial symptoms to appear.
散布量は10アール当たり3〜5リットル程度であり、従来のグリホサート除草剤の散布液約100リットルに比べて20〜30分の1の水量で済む。 The amount of application is about 3 to 5 liters per 10 ares, and the amount of water is 20 to 30 times smaller than about 100 liters of a conventional glyphosate herbicide application solution.
散布機は従来のランドマスター用少量散布機を使用することもできるが通常の散布機のノズルだけを置換して使用することもできる。 As the spreader, a conventional small amount sprayer for Landmaster can be used, but it is also possible to replace only the nozzle of a normal spreader.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS63284106A (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1988-11-21 | モンサント・ヨーロツプ・ソシエテ・アノニム | Glyphosate blend |
JPH03115202A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1991-05-16 | Monsanto Co | Pesticide with improved water solubility |
JPH06256121A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1994-09-13 | Monsanto Co | Improved glyphosate herbicidal composition |
JPH07247204A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-09-26 | Sankyo Co Ltd | Herbicidal composition |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS63284106A (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1988-11-21 | モンサント・ヨーロツプ・ソシエテ・アノニム | Glyphosate blend |
JPH03115202A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1991-05-16 | Monsanto Co | Pesticide with improved water solubility |
JPH06256121A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1994-09-13 | Monsanto Co | Improved glyphosate herbicidal composition |
JPH07247204A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-09-26 | Sankyo Co Ltd | Herbicidal composition |
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