JP2008128319A

JP2008128319A - One-way clutch

Info

Publication number: JP2008128319A
Application number: JP2006312793A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Chiharu Ito; 千春伊藤; Masayuki Ishida; 昌幸石田
Original assignee: NTN Corp; NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
Current assignee: NTN Corp
Priority date: 2006-11-20
Filing date: 2006-11-20
Publication date: 2008-06-05

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a one-way clutch excelling in assembling property and enabling each engaging element to be engaged with a cam face with simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: The engaging element 3 is formed in columnar shape extending in the axial direction of the clutch, and both ends of each engaging element 3 of columnar shape are provided with grooves 3a penetrating in the circumferential direction of the clutch. Garter springs 4 penetrate the grooves 3a, and each engaging element 3 is pressed to the outer peripheral surface of a rotating shaft 1 serving as an inner member, by the garter springs 4 to prevent the scatter of each engaging element by the garter springs 4 penetrating the grooves 3a at both ends of each engaging element 3. Assembling property is thereby improved, and each engaging element 3 can be engaged with the cam face 2a of an outer member 2 with simple constitution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、一方向クラッチに関する。 The present invention relates to a one-way clutch.

内方部材と外方部材の一方向の相対回転をロックする従来の一方向クラッチは、外方部材の内周面と内方部材の外周面のいずれか一方に複数の傾斜カム面を設け、これらのカム面が設けられた各周方向位置にころやスプラグの係合子を配して、これらの係合子をばね等の弾性部材でカム面に係合する方向に押圧するようにしている。 The conventional one-way clutch that locks the relative rotation of the inner member and the outer member in one direction is provided with a plurality of inclined cam surfaces on either the inner peripheral surface of the outer member or the outer peripheral surface of the inner member. Roller and sprag engagement elements are arranged at respective circumferential positions where these cam surfaces are provided, and these engagement elements are pressed in the direction of engagement with the cam surfaces by an elastic member such as a spring.

このような一方向クラッチには、各係合子間に周方向の間隔を開けて、各係合子を保持器や外方部材の保持部に個別に保持して、個別の弾性部材でカム面に係合する方向に押圧するようにしたものが多い（例えば、特許文献１参照）。一部には、ころを係合子として総ころ状態で互いに当接させて配し、これらのころを共通の弾性部材でカム面に係合する方向に押圧するようにしたものもある（例えば、特許文献２参照）。特許文献２に記載されたものでは、共通の弾性部材としてのＣ形ばねの一端を外方部材または内方部材に係止し、その他端に設けたフック部で１つのころの円筒面を押圧するようにしている。 In such a one-way clutch, a circumferential interval is provided between the engagement elements, and the engagement elements are individually held by the retainer or the holding portion of the outer member, and are individually held on the cam surface by individual elastic members. In many cases, they are pressed in the engaging direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In some cases, the rollers are arranged in contact with each other in the state of full rollers as engaging elements, and these rollers are pressed in a direction to be engaged with the cam surface by a common elastic member (for example, Patent Document 2). In the one described in Patent Document 2, one end of a C-shaped spring as a common elastic member is locked to an outer member or an inner member, and a cylindrical portion of one roller is pressed by a hook portion provided at the other end. Like to do.

また、これらの一方向クラッチでは、ころを係合子とする場合は、弾性部材で押圧されるころを転動させてカム面に係合する方向へ移動させ、スプラグを係合子とする場合は、弾性部材で押圧されるスプラグを倒伏姿勢から起立するように回動させて、カム面に係合させるようにしている。 Further, in these one-way clutches, when the roller is an engagement element, the roller pressed by the elastic member is rolled and moved in a direction to engage the cam surface, and the sprag is an engagement element. The sprag pressed by the elastic member is rotated so as to stand up from the lying posture, and is engaged with the cam surface.

実開昭６０−１５０３３６号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-150336 特開２００３−５６６０１号公報JP 2003-56601 A

特許文献１に記載された一方向クラッチは、各係合子を個別に保持して、個別の弾性部材でカム面に係合する方向に押圧するために、構成が複雑なものとなる問題がある。また、特許文献２に記載された一方向クラッチは、簡単な構成で係合子としての各ころをカム面に係合させることができるが、ころを保持器や外方部材の凹部に保持できないので各ころが散らばりやすく、組み付け性が悪い問題がある。 The one-way clutch described in Patent Document 1 has a problem in that the configuration is complicated because each of the engagement elements is individually held and pressed in the direction of engagement with the cam surface by an individual elastic member. . Moreover, although the one-way clutch described in Patent Document 2 can engage each roller as an engaging member with the cam surface with a simple configuration, the roller cannot be held in the concave portion of the cage or the outer member. There is a problem that each roller is scattered easily and the assemblability is poor.

そこで、本発明の課題は、組み付け性がよく、簡単な構成で各係合子をカム面に係合させることができる一方向クラッチを提供することである。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a one-way clutch that is easy to assemble and can engage each engagement element with a cam surface with a simple configuration.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明は、内方部材の外周面と対向する外方部材の内周面に複数の傾斜カム面を設け、これらのカム面が設けられた各周方向位置に前記内方部材と外方部材の間で係合子を配し、これらの各係合子を前記カム面に係合させて、前記内方部材と外方部材の一方向の相対回転をロックする一方向クラッチにおいて、前記係合子を前記クラッチの軸方向に延びる柱状のものとし、これらの柱状の各係合子の両端部にクラッチの周方向に貫通する溝を設けて、これらの溝に環状の弾性部材を通し、前記各係合子をこの環状の弾性部材で前記内方部材の外周面に押圧して、前記外方部材と内方部材が一方向に相対回転したときに、前記各係合子を前記カム面に係合させる構成を採用した。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a plurality of inclined cam surfaces on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member facing the outer peripheral surface of the inner member, and each circumferential position where these cam surfaces are provided. An engaging element is disposed between the inner member and the outer member, and each of the engaging elements is engaged with the cam surface to lock the relative rotation in one direction of the inner member and the outer member. In the one-way clutch, the engagement element is formed in a columnar shape extending in the axial direction of the clutch, and grooves that penetrate in the circumferential direction of the clutch are provided at both ends of each of the columnar engagement elements. When each of the engagement members is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the inner member by the annular elastic member and the outer member and the inner member are relatively rotated in one direction, the engagement members are passed through the elastic member. The structure which engages with the said cam surface was employ | adopted.

すなわち、柱状の各係合子の両端部の溝に通した環状の弾性部材で各係合子の散らばりを防止して、組み付け性をよくするとともに、共通の環状弾性部材で各係合子を内方部材の外周面に押圧するという簡単な構成で、各係合子をカム面に係合させることができるようにした。なお、この一方向クラッチでは、両端部の溝に環状弾性部材を通された各係合子は、転動や回動をすることはなく、そのままの姿勢で外方部材に対して相対移動してカム面に係合する。また、各係合子は両端部を環状弾性部材で拘束されているので、スキューする恐れもない。 That is, the ring-shaped elastic members that pass through the grooves at both ends of each columnar engagement element prevent scattering of the engagement elements and improve the assembling property. Each of the engaging elements can be engaged with the cam surface with a simple configuration in which the outer peripheral surface is pressed. In this one-way clutch, each of the engaging members passed through the annular elastic members in the grooves at both ends does not roll or rotate, and moves relative to the outer member in the same posture. Engage with the cam surface. Moreover, since each engaging element is restrained at both ends by the annular elastic member, there is no risk of skew.

前記環状の弾性部材としては、ガータスプリングを用いることができる。 A garter spring can be used as the annular elastic member.

前記柱状の各係合子を円柱状のものとすることにより、係合子を簡単に加工することができる。 By making each of the columnar engaging elements cylindrical, the engaging elements can be easily processed.

前記柱状の各係合子の一部または全部を、前記クラッチの周方向で互いに当接させることにより、係合子の保持部を低減または全廃して、より簡単な構成とすることができる。 By bringing a part or all of the columnar engaging elements into contact with each other in the circumferential direction of the clutch, it is possible to reduce or eliminate the holding parts of the engaging elements and to make a simpler configuration.

前記外方部材に、前記内方部材との間でラジアル荷重を受けるラジアル受け部を設けることにより、別途のラジアル軸受部を不要とすることができる。 By providing the outer member with a radial receiving portion that receives a radial load between the outer member and the inner member, a separate radial bearing portion can be eliminated.

前記ラジアル受け部は、前記外方部材に一体に形成してもよい。 The radial receiving portion may be formed integrally with the outer member.

前記内方部材と外方部材の間で前記各係合子を保持する保持器を設け、この保持器にラジアル荷重を受けるラジアル受け部を設けることによっても、別途のラジアル軸受部を不要とすることができる。 By providing a cage for holding the engagement elements between the inner member and the outer member, and providing a radial receiving portion for receiving a radial load in the cage, a separate radial bearing portion is not required. Can do.

本発明の一方向クラッチは、柱状の各係合子の両端部の溝に通した環状の弾性部材で各係合子の散らばりを防止したので、組み付け性をよくすることができ、かつ、共通の環状弾性部材で各係合子を内方部材の外周面に押圧するという簡単な構成で、各係合子をカム面に係合させることができる。 In the one-way clutch of the present invention, since the scattering of the engaging elements is prevented by the annular elastic members that are passed through the grooves at both ends of the columnar engaging elements, the assembling property can be improved and the common annular clutch is provided. Each engagement element can be engaged with the cam surface with a simple configuration in which each engagement element is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the inner member by the elastic member.

前記柱状の各係合子の一部または全部を、クラッチの周方向で互いに当接させることにより、係合子の保持部を低減または全廃して、より簡単な構成とすることができる。 By bringing a part or all of the columnar engaging elements into contact with each other in the circumferential direction of the clutch, the holding parts of the engaging elements can be reduced or eliminated, and a simpler configuration can be achieved.

前記外方部材に、内方部材との間でラジアル荷重を受けるラジアル受け部を設けることにより、別途のラジアル軸受部を不要とすることができる。 By providing the outer member with a radial receiving portion that receives a radial load with the inner member, a separate radial bearing portion can be made unnecessary.

前記内方部材と外方部材の間で各係合子を保持する保持器を設け、この保持器にラジアル荷重を受けるラジアル受け部を設けることによっても、別途のラジアル軸受部を不要とすることができる。 By providing a cage for holding each engagement element between the inner member and the outer member, and providing a radial receiving portion for receiving a radial load on the cage, a separate radial bearing portion may be unnecessary. it can.

以下、図面に基づき、本発明の実施形態を説明する。図１（ａ）、（ｂ）は、第１の実施形態を示す。この一方向クラッチは、内方部材としての回転軸１の外周面と対向する外方部材２の内周面に複数の傾斜カム面２ａが設けられ、これらのカム面２ａが設けられた各周方向位置に回転軸１と外方部材２の間で円柱状の係合子３が配され、各係合子３の両端部に設けられた周方向に貫通する溝３ａに、環状の弾性部材としてのガータスプリング４が通されて、各係合子３が回転軸１の外周面に押圧されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B show a first embodiment. In this one-way clutch, a plurality of inclined cam surfaces 2a are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2 facing the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 1 as an inner member, and each of the circumferences on which these cam surfaces 2a are provided Cylindrical engaging elements 3 are arranged between the rotating shaft 1 and the outer member 2 in the directional position, and grooves 3a penetrating in the circumferential direction provided at both ends of each engaging element 3 are used as annular elastic members. The garter spring 4 is passed, and each engagement element 3 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 1.

前記外方部材２の内周面には、回転軸１との間でラジアル荷重を受けるラジアル受け部２ｂが、周方向の３箇所で一体に形成され、これらのラジアル受け部２ｂで３つに区画されたクラッチ空間に、それぞれ柱面を互いに当接させた２組の３つずつの係合子３と、１組の２つの係合子３が収納されている。各係合子３は、各ラジアル受け部２ｂの両外側に通されたガータスプリング４によって、軸方向の移動を拘束されている。 On the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2, radial receiving portions 2b for receiving a radial load with the rotary shaft 1 are integrally formed at three locations in the circumferential direction, and these radial receiving portions 2b are divided into three. In the partitioned clutch space, two sets of three engaging elements 3 and two sets of two engaging elements 3 each having a cylindrical surface abutting each other are housed. Each engagement element 3 is restrained from moving in the axial direction by a garter spring 4 passed through both outer sides of each radial receiving portion 2b.

図１（ａ）中に矢印で示すように、前記回転軸１が反時計回りに回転すると、各係合子３は、そのままの姿勢で回転軸１と一緒に外方部材２のカム面２ａに係合する方向に移動し、回転軸１を外方部材２にロックする。また、回転軸１が時計回りに回転すると、各係合子３はカム面２ａから離脱する方向に移動し、回転軸１のロックが解除される。 As shown by the arrows in FIG. 1A, when the rotary shaft 1 rotates counterclockwise, each engagement element 3 is placed on the cam surface 2a of the outer member 2 together with the rotary shaft 1 in the same posture. It moves in the engaging direction and locks the rotating shaft 1 to the outer member 2. Further, when the rotating shaft 1 rotates clockwise, each engagement element 3 moves in a direction to detach from the cam surface 2a, and the locking of the rotating shaft 1 is released.

図２は、前記係合子３の変形例を示す。この変形例の係合子３は、前記カム面２ａと係合する側を向く流線形断面とされ、流線形の先端部が前側の係合子３の背面に当接されており、流線形の上斜面でカム面２ａと係合するようになっている。 FIG. 2 shows a modification of the engagement element 3. The engagement element 3 of this modification has a streamlined cross section facing the side that engages with the cam surface 2a, and the streamline tip is in contact with the back surface of the front engagement element 3, so that the streamline top The cam surface 2a is engaged with the slope.

図３（ａ）、（ｂ）は、第２の実施形態を示す。この一方向クラッチは、前記各係合子３を両側の環状部５ａで軸方向に保持する保持器５が設けられ、この保持器５に、回転軸１と外方部材２の間でラジアル荷重を受けるラジアル受け部５ｂが周方向の３箇所に設けられている。保持器５は、ラジアル受け部５ｂの外径面に設けられた凸条５ｃで、外方部材２の内径面に設けられた凹溝２ｃに係止されて回り止めされている。その他の部分は第１の実施形態のものと同じであり、ラジアル受け部５ｂで３つに区画されたクラッチ空間には、それぞれ柱面を互いに当接させた２組の３つずつの係合子３と、１組の２つの係合子３が収納されている。 FIGS. 3A and 3B show a second embodiment. The one-way clutch is provided with a cage 5 that holds the engaging elements 3 in the axial direction by the annular portions 5 a on both sides. A radial load is applied to the cage 5 between the rotary shaft 1 and the outer member 2. The radial receiving part 5b to receive is provided in three places of the circumferential direction. The cage 5 is a ridge 5c provided on the outer diameter surface of the radial receiving portion 5b, and is locked to a concave groove 2c provided on the inner diameter surface of the outer member 2 and is prevented from rotating. The other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment, and in the clutch space divided into three by the radial receiving portion 5b, two sets of three engaging elements each having a pillar surface in contact with each other are provided. 3 and a set of two engaging elements 3 are accommodated.

図４（ａ）、（ｂ）は、第３の実施形態を示す。この一方向クラッチは、前記外方部材２の内周面両端部の段差部２ｄに、回転軸１との間のラジアル荷重を受ける別体のラジアル受け部材６が内嵌され、これらのラジアル受け部材６の間で、各係合子３が柱面を互いに当接させた総ころ状態で配されている。この実施形態では、各係合子３はラジアル受け部材６で軸方向の移動を拘束されている。その他の部分は第１の実施形態のものと同じである。 4 (a) and 4 (b) show a third embodiment. In this one-way clutch, a separate radial receiving member 6 that receives a radial load with respect to the rotary shaft 1 is fitted in the stepped portions 2d at both ends of the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2, and these radial receiving members are fitted. Between the members 6, each engagement element 3 is arranged in a full roller state in which the column surfaces are in contact with each other. In this embodiment, each engagement element 3 is restrained from moving in the axial direction by a radial receiving member 6. Other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment.

上述した各実施形態では、内方部材側を回転する回転軸としたが、本発明に係る一方向クラッチは、外方部材側が回転するものにも適用することができる。また、上述した各実施形態では、環状の弾性部材をガータスプリングとしたが、環状の弾性部材は輪ゴム等とすることもできる。 In each embodiment mentioned above, it was set as the rotating shaft which rotates an inner member side, However, The one-way clutch which concerns on this invention is applicable also to what rotates an outer member side. Moreover, in each embodiment mentioned above, although the cyclic | annular elastic member was used as the garter spring, a cyclic | annular elastic member can also be used as a rubber band.

さらに、上述した各実施形態と変形例では、柱状の係合子の断面形状を円形と流線形としたが、係合子の断面形状はカム面と係合するものであればよく、楕円や角を丸めた菱形等とすることもできる。 Further, in each of the above-described embodiments and modifications, the cross-sectional shape of the columnar engagement element is circular and streamlined, but the cross-sectional shape of the engagement element only needs to be engaged with the cam surface, and may have an ellipse or a corner. It can also be a rounded rhombus.

ａは第１の実施形態の一方向クラッチを示す側面図、ｂはａのIb−Ib線に沿った断面図a is a side view showing the one-way clutch of the first embodiment, and b is a cross-sectional view taken along line Ib-Ib of a. 図１の係合子の変形例を示す側面図The side view which shows the modification of the engaging element of FIG. ａは第２の実施形態の一方向クラッチを示す側面図、ｂはａのIIIb−IIIb線に沿った断面図a is a side view showing the one-way clutch of the second embodiment, and b is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIb-IIIb of a. ａは第３の実施形態の一方向クラッチを示す側面断面図、ｂはａのIVb−IVb線に沿った断面図a is a side sectional view showing the one-way clutch of the third embodiment, and b is a sectional view taken along line IVb-IVb of a.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１回転軸
２外方部材
２ａカム面
２ｂラジアル受け部
２ｃ凹溝
２ｄ段差部
３係合子
３ａ溝
４ガータスプリング
５保持器
５ａ環状部
５ｂラジアル受け部
５ｃ凸条
６ラジアル受け部材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating shaft 2 Outer member 2a Cam surface 2b Radial receiving part 2c Concave groove 2d Step part 3 Engagement element 3a Groove 4 Gutter spring 5 Cage 5a Annular part 5b Radial receiving part 5c Projection 6 Radial receiving member

Claims

内方部材の外周面と対向する外方部材の内周面に複数の傾斜カム面を設け、これらのカム面が設けられた各周方向位置に前記内方部材と外方部材の間で係合子を配し、これらの各係合子を前記カム面に係合させて、前記内方部材と外方部材の一方向の相対回転をロックする一方向クラッチにおいて、前記係合子を前記クラッチの軸方向に延びる柱状のものとし、これらの柱状の各係合子の両端部にクラッチの周方向に貫通する溝を設けて、これらの溝に環状の弾性部材を通し、前記各係合子をこの環状の弾性部材で前記内方部材の外周面に押圧して、前記外方部材と内方部材が一方向に相対回転したときに、前記各係合子を前記カム面に係合させるようにしたことを特徴とする一方向クラッチ。 A plurality of inclined cam surfaces are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member facing the outer peripheral surface of the inner member, and the cam members are engaged between the inner member and the outer member at respective circumferential positions where the cam surfaces are provided. In a one-way clutch in which a combination is disposed and each of these engagement elements is engaged with the cam surface to lock the relative rotation in one direction of the inner member and the outer member, the engagement element is connected to the shaft of the clutch. It is assumed that each of the columnar engagement elements is provided with grooves penetrating in the circumferential direction of the clutch, and an annular elastic member is passed through these grooves. The elastic member is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the inner member, and when the outer member and the inner member are relatively rotated in one direction, the engagement elements are engaged with the cam surface. Features a one-way clutch.

前記環状の弾性部材をガータスプリングとした請求項１に記載の一方向クラッチ。 The one-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein the annular elastic member is a garter spring.

前記柱状の各係合子を円柱状のものとした請求項１または２に記載の一方向クラッチ。 The one-way clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the columnar engagement elements is a columnar one.

前記柱状の各係合子の一部または全部を、前記クラッチの周方向で互いに当接させた請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載の一方向クラッチ。 The one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a part or all of each of the columnar engaging elements is brought into contact with each other in a circumferential direction of the clutch.

前記外方部材に、前記内方部材との間でラジアル荷重を受けるラジアル受け部を設けた請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の一方向クラッチ。 The one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a radial receiving portion that receives a radial load between the outer member and the inner member is provided on the outer member.

前記ラジアル受け部を、前記外方部材に一体に形成した請求項５に記載の一方向クラッチ。 The one-way clutch according to claim 5, wherein the radial receiving portion is formed integrally with the outer member.

前記内方部材と外方部材の間で前記各係合子を保持する保持器を設け、この保持器にラジアル荷重を受けるラジアル受け部を設けた請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の一方向クラッチ。 5. The unidirectional device according to claim 1, wherein a retainer that holds the engaging elements is provided between the inner member and the outer member, and a radial receiving portion that receives a radial load is provided on the retainer. clutch.