JP2008039115A - Cardan joint, bearing device for vehicle provided therewith, and assembling method of cardan joint - Google Patents

Cardan joint, bearing device for vehicle provided therewith, and assembling method of cardan joint Download PDF

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JP2008039115A
JP2008039115A JP2006216003A JP2006216003A JP2008039115A JP 2008039115 A JP2008039115 A JP 2008039115A JP 2006216003 A JP2006216003 A JP 2006216003A JP 2006216003 A JP2006216003 A JP 2006216003A JP 2008039115 A JP2008039115 A JP 2008039115A
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shaft
bearing cup
cross
joint
bearing
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Nobuhisa Yoneyama
展央 米山
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JTEKT Corp
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JTEKT Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C21/005—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement the external zone of a bearing with rolling members, e.g. needles, being cup-shaped, with or without a separate thrust-bearing disc or ring, e.g. for universal joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes
    • F16D3/41—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes with ball or roller bearings

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  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a Cardan joint, capable of attaching a cup bearing having a rolling element on the inside to a shaft of a cross shaft without damage of the shaft or the rolling element, a bearing device for vehicle provided therewith, and an assembling method of the Cardan joint. <P>SOLUTION: The Cardan joint comprises a cross shaft 15 having four shaft parts 17 protruded to four sides from side circumferential surfaces of a body part 16, a plurality of rolling elements 18 rolling on outer circumferential surfaces 17a of the shaft parts 17; and a bearing cup 19 having a cylindrical part 19a fitted onto each of the plurality of rolling elements 18 and a disk part 19b connected with an end portion of the cylindrical part 19a, the rolling elements 18 being maintained in a close fit state to the shaft parts 17. An engagement part 22 to be engaged with a rotary tool for fitting the bearing cup 19 onto the shaft part 17 while relatively rotating the bearing cup 19 and the shaft part 17 is formed on the disk part 19b of the bearing cup 19. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、十字軸継手とこれを備えた車両用軸受装置、及びその十字軸継手の組立方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a cross joint, a vehicle bearing device including the joint, and a method for assembling the cross joint.

例えば自動車の操舵装置において、ステアリングシャフトとピニオンシャフトとを繋ぐために、胴体部の側周面から四方へ突出した４つの軸部を有する十字軸と、前記軸部の外周面を転走する複数の転動体と、これら複数の転動体に外嵌した有底円筒状の軸受カップとを有した十字軸継手が用いられている。前記各シャフトの端部には一対のアームを有するヨークが設けられており、各アームに形成した軸受孔に、内周に複数の転動体を配列した軸受カップを介して、十字軸の軸部がその軸線回りに回動自在に支持されている。
このような十字軸継手を備えた継手構造において伝達トルクが大きくなると、転動体において滑りが生じトルク伝達不良によるガタツキが発生したり、脈動が発生したりする。
そこでこれを解決するために、例えば特許文献１に示しているように、従来では転動体と十字軸の軸部との間を締り嵌め状態とした構造が提案されている。 For example, in an automobile steering device, a cross shaft having four shaft portions projecting in four directions from the side peripheral surface of the body portion and a plurality of rolling on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion in order to connect the steering shaft and the pinion shaft A cross joint having a rolling element and a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup externally fitted to the plurality of rolling elements is used. A yoke having a pair of arms is provided at the end of each shaft, and a shaft portion of the cross shaft is inserted into a bearing hole formed in each arm via a bearing cup in which a plurality of rolling elements are arranged on the inner periphery. Is supported so as to be rotatable about its axis.
When the transmission torque is increased in such a joint structure having a cross shaft joint, slippage occurs in the rolling elements, and rattling due to poor torque transmission occurs or pulsation occurs.
In order to solve this problem, as shown in Patent Document 1, for example, a structure in which an interference fit between the rolling elements and the shaft portion of the cross shaft is conventionally proposed.

国際公開第ＷＯ２００３−０６４８７７号International Publication No. WO2003-064877

特許文献１の十字軸継手を備えた継手構造の組み立ては、図８に示しているように、ヨーク４１の軸受孔４２に十字軸４３の軸部４４を挿入した状態で、この軸部４４の軸線方向の外側から、内周に複数の転動体４５を配列した軸受カップ４６を軸部４４に接近させ、例えば圧入用シリンダ４７で軸受カップ４６を軸受孔４２に圧入しながら当該軸受カップ４６内の転動体４５を軸部４４の先端部から外嵌させることで行う。これにより軸受カップ４６が縮径することで転動体４５と軸部４４とが圧接した状態、つまり、前記締り嵌め状態としている。
しかし、軸受カップ４６内の転動体４５を軸部４４に外嵌させる際に、軸受カップ４６は軸受孔４２への圧入によって縮径するため、その軸受カップ４６の内周にある転動体４５と、軸部４４の先端の角部４８とが強く接触し、転動面となる軸部４４の外周面や転動体４５に傷（圧痕）が付いたり変形したりするおそれがある。特に、転動体４５が軸部４４の先端に接触する嵌合初期において、転動体４５と軸部４４との接触面圧が大きいので当該軸部４４の先端に傷が付きやすい。このように、軸部４４の転動面や、転動体４５に傷が生じると、継手構造の性能、耐久性を低下させてしまうおそれがある。 As shown in FIG. 8, the assembly of the joint structure including the cross shaft joint of Patent Document 1 is performed in a state where the shaft portion 44 of the cross shaft 43 is inserted into the bearing hole 42 of the yoke 41. A bearing cup 46 in which a plurality of rolling elements 45 are arranged on the inner circumference is brought close to the shaft portion 44 from the outside in the axial direction. This is performed by fitting the rolling element 45 from the tip of the shaft portion 44. As a result, the diameter of the bearing cup 46 is reduced to bring the rolling element 45 and the shaft portion 44 into pressure contact, that is, the interference fit state.
However, when the rolling element 45 in the bearing cup 46 is fitted on the shaft portion 44, the bearing cup 46 is reduced in diameter by press-fitting into the bearing hole 42. Further, the corner portion 48 at the tip of the shaft portion 44 is in strong contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 44 serving as a rolling surface and the rolling element 45 may be damaged or deformed. In particular, at the initial stage of fitting when the rolling element 45 comes into contact with the tip of the shaft part 44, the contact surface pressure between the rolling element 45 and the shaft part 44 is large, so that the tip of the shaft part 44 is easily damaged. As described above, when the rolling surface of the shaft portion 44 or the rolling element 45 is damaged, the performance and durability of the joint structure may be deteriorated.

そこで本発明は、前記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、転動体を内周に有する軸受カップを十字軸の軸部に取り付ける際、軸部や転動体が損傷することを防止することができる十字軸継手とこれを備えた車両用軸受装置、及びその十字軸継手の組立方法を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to prevent the shaft portion and the rolling element from being damaged when the bearing cup having the rolling element on the inner periphery is attached to the shaft portion of the cross shaft. An object of the present invention is to provide a cruciform joint, a vehicle bearing device including the cruciform joint, and a method for assembling the cruciform joint.

前記目的を達成するための本発明の十字軸継手は、胴体部の側周面から四方に突出した４つの軸部を有する十字軸と、前記軸部の外周面を転走する複数の転動体と、前記複数の転動体に外嵌される円筒部とこの円筒部の端部に連続する円板部とを有する軸受カップと、を備え、前記転動体が前記軸部に対して締り嵌めの状態で維持されている十字軸継手において、前記軸受カップの円板部に、当該軸受カップと前記軸部とを相対回転させながら前記軸受カップを前記軸部に外嵌させるための回転工具が係合される係合部が形成されていることを特徴としている。   In order to achieve the above object, a cross joint of the present invention includes a cross shaft having four shaft portions protruding in four directions from the side peripheral surface of the body portion, and a plurality of rolling elements that roll on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion. And a bearing cup having a cylindrical portion that is externally fitted to the plurality of rolling elements and a disk portion that is continuous with an end of the cylindrical portion, and the rolling element is an interference fit with respect to the shaft portion. In the cross shaft joint maintained in a state, a rotary tool for fitting the bearing cup to the shaft portion while rotating the bearing cup and the shaft portion relative to the disk portion of the bearing cup is engaged. An engagement portion to be joined is formed.

この構成によれば、転動体を内周に有する軸受カップの係合部に回転工具を係合させて、軸受カップと軸部とを相対回転させながら軸受カップを軸部に外嵌することができる。軸受カップと軸部とを相対回転させない場合には転動体が軸線方向に滑りながら軸部に外嵌されるのに対して、軸受カップと軸部とを相対回転させる場合には転動体が自転しながら軸部の外周面に接触することになるため、両者が強く接触することを防ぐことができ、これにより軸部及び転動体の損傷を防ぐことができる。   According to this configuration, the rotating tool is engaged with the engaging portion of the bearing cup having the rolling elements on the inner periphery, and the bearing cup can be externally fitted to the shaft portion while relatively rotating the bearing cup and the shaft portion. it can. When the bearing cup and the shaft portion are not rotated relative to each other, the rolling element is fitted on the shaft portion while sliding in the axial direction, whereas when the bearing cup and the shaft portion are rotated relative to each other, the rolling element rotates. However, since it comes in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion, it is possible to prevent them from coming into strong contact with each other, thereby preventing damage to the shaft portion and the rolling element.

本発明の車両用操舵装置は、ステアリングシャフトと、ピニオンシャフトと、前記ステアリングシャフトと前記ピニオンシャフトとを繋ぐための継手と、を備え、前記継手が上記十字軸継手であることを特徴としている。
この構成によれば、十字軸の軸部及びこの軸部の外周面を転走する転動体の損傷を防ぐことができ、車両用操舵装置の品質、耐久性を向上させることができる。 The vehicle steering apparatus of the present invention includes a steering shaft, a pinion shaft, and a joint for connecting the steering shaft and the pinion shaft, and the joint is the cross shaft joint.
According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent damage to the shaft portion of the cross shaft and the rolling elements that roll on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion, and it is possible to improve the quality and durability of the vehicle steering device.

本発明の十字軸継手の組立方法は、十字軸を構成する軸部と、転動体を内周に有する軸受カップとを相対回転させながら、前記軸受カップを前記軸部に外嵌させることを特徴としている。
この組立方法によれば、十字軸の軸部と転動体を内周に有する軸受カップとを相対回転させながら軸受カップを軸部に外嵌することで転動体が自転しながら軸部の外周面に接触するため、両者が強く接触することを防ぐことができ、これにより軸部及び転動体の損傷を防ぐことができる。 The method of assembling the cross shaft joint of the present invention is characterized in that the bearing cup is fitted onto the shaft portion while relatively rotating a shaft portion constituting the cross shaft and a bearing cup having a rolling element on the inner periphery. It is said.
According to this assembling method, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion is rotated while the rolling body rotates by rotating the bearing cup to the shaft portion while relatively rotating the shaft portion of the cross shaft and the bearing cup having the rolling member on the inner periphery. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the two members from coming into strong contact with each other, thereby preventing the shaft portion and the rolling element from being damaged.

また、上記十字軸継手の組立方法において、前記軸受カップとして、その円板部に、当該軸受カップと前記軸部とを相対回転させながら前記軸受カップを前記軸部に外嵌させるための回転工具が係合される係合部が形成されているものを用いることが好ましい。
これにより、軸受カップと回転工具とを係合させた状態で回転させることができるため、回転工具の回転力を軸受カップに効率よく伝えることができる。 Further, in the above cross shaft joint assembly method, as the bearing cup, a rotating tool for fitting the bearing cup to the shaft portion while rotating the bearing cup and the shaft portion relative to the disc portion. It is preferable to use one in which an engaging portion to which is engaged is formed.
Thereby, since it can be made to rotate in the state which engaged the bearing cup and the rotary tool, the rotational force of a rotary tool can be efficiently transmitted to a bearing cup.

本発明によれば、十字軸の軸部と転動体を内周に有する軸受カップとを相対回転させながら軸受カップを軸部に外嵌することにより、転動体が自転しながら軸部の外周面に接触するため、両者が強く接触することを防ぐことができ、これにより軸部及び転動体の損傷を防ぐことができる。これにより、十字軸継手の品質を高め、耐久性を向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft part is rotated while the rolling body rotates by fitting the bearing cup to the shaft part while relatively rotating the shaft part of the cross shaft and the bearing cup having the rolling element on the inner periphery. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the two members from coming into strong contact with each other, thereby preventing the shaft portion and the rolling element from being damaged. Thereby, the quality of a cross-shaft joint can be improved and durability can be improved.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１は本発明の十字軸継手を備えた車両用操舵装置の模式図である。車両用操舵装置１は、一端部が操舵輪（ステアリングホイール）２に連結されたステアリングシャフト３と、一端部が当該ステアリングシャフト３の他端部に本発明の十字軸継手４を介して連結された中間シャフト５と、この中間シャフト５の他端部に本発明の十字軸継手４を介して連結されたピニオンシャフト６と、このピニオンシャフト６の端部近傍に設けられたピニオン歯６ａに噛合うラック歯７ａを有して自動車の左右方向に延びる転舵軸としてのラックバー７とを有している。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle steering apparatus provided with a cross joint of the present invention. The vehicle steering apparatus 1 includes a steering shaft 3 having one end connected to a steering wheel (steering wheel) 2 and one end connected to the other end of the steering shaft 3 via a cross shaft joint 4 of the present invention. An intermediate shaft 5, a pinion shaft 6 connected to the other end of the intermediate shaft 5 via the cross joint 4 of the present invention, and a pinion tooth 6 a provided near the end of the pinion shaft 6. It has a rack bar 7 as a turning shaft that has matching rack teeth 7a and extends in the left-right direction of the automobile.

前記ピニオンシャフト６及びラックバー７により舵取り機構としてのラックアンドピニオン機構が構成されている。ラックバー７は車体に固定されるハウジング８内に図示しない複数の軸受を介して直線往復動自在に支持されている。ラックバー７の両端部はハウジング８の両側へ突出し、各端部にはそれぞれタイロッド９が結合されている。各タイロッド９は対応するナックルアーム（図示せず）を介して対応する操向輪１０に連結されている。
操舵部材２が操作されてステアリングシャフト３が回転すると、この回転がピニオン歯６ａ及びラック歯７ａによって自動車の左右方向に沿ったラックバー７の直線運動に変換される。これにより、操向輪１０の転舵が達成される。 The pinion shaft 6 and the rack bar 7 constitute a rack and pinion mechanism as a steering mechanism. The rack bar 7 is supported in a housing 8 fixed to the vehicle body so as to be capable of linear reciprocation through a plurality of bearings (not shown). Both end portions of the rack bar 7 protrude to both sides of the housing 8, and tie rods 9 are coupled to the respective end portions. Each tie rod 9 is connected to a corresponding steered wheel 10 via a corresponding knuckle arm (not shown).
When the steering member 2 is operated and the steering shaft 3 rotates, this rotation is converted into a linear motion of the rack bar 7 along the left-right direction of the automobile by the pinion teeth 6a and the rack teeth 7a. Thereby, steering of the steered wheel 10 is achieved.

図２は、本発明の車両用操舵装置１の要部の側面図であり、図３は、図２のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ断面における断面図である。図２においては、ステアリングシャフト３と、ピニオンシャフト６と、これらの両シャフト３，６の間に中間シャフト５が介在しており、この中間シャフト５の両端部をステアリングシャフト３とピニオンシャフト６の各端部にそれぞれ十字軸継手４で連動連結している。   FIG. 2 is a side view of the main part of the vehicle steering apparatus 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. In FIG. 2, an intermediate shaft 5 is interposed between the steering shaft 3, the pinion shaft 6, and both the shafts 3, 6, and both ends of the intermediate shaft 5 are connected to the steering shaft 3 and the pinion shaft 6. Each end portion is interlocked with a cross shaft joint 4.

前記ステアリングシャフト３の端部には、Ｕ字状の第１ヨーク１１が設けられており、この第１ヨーク１１は、一対の対向するアーム１３を有している。一方、前記中間シャフト５の一端部にはＵ字状の第２ヨーク１２が設けられており、第２ヨーク１２は一対の対向するアーム１４を有している。そして、前記第１ヨーク１１のアーム１３のそれぞれに軸線を同一とする軸受孔１３ａが形成され、前記第２ヨーク１２のアーム１４のそれぞれに軸線を同一とする軸受孔１４ａが形成されている。
そして、これらの軸受孔１３ａ，１４ａに前記十字軸継手４が嵌合されている。 A U-shaped first yoke 11 is provided at the end of the steering shaft 3, and the first yoke 11 has a pair of opposed arms 13. On the other hand, a U-shaped second yoke 12 is provided at one end of the intermediate shaft 5, and the second yoke 12 has a pair of opposed arms 14. A bearing hole 13a having the same axis is formed in each arm 13 of the first yoke 11, and a bearing hole 14a having the same axis is formed in each arm 14 of the second yoke 12.
The cross joint 4 is fitted in the bearing holes 13a and 14a.

前記十字軸継手４は、図３に示すように、胴体部１６の側周面から四方に突出した４つの軸部１７を有する十字軸１５と、前記軸部１７の外周面１７ａを転走する複数の転動体１８と、前記複数の転動体１８に外嵌した有底円筒状の軸受カップ１９とを備えている。
そして、前記軸受孔１３ａ，１４ａのそれぞれにおいて、内周に複数の転動体１８を配列した前記軸受カップ１９を介して、十字軸１５の各軸部１７がその軸線回りに回動自在に支持されている。なお、中間シャフト５の他端部に設けられた第３ヨーク２０とピニオンシャフト６の端部に設けられた第４ヨーク２１との間における構造も同様であり、説明を省略する。 As shown in FIG. 3, the cross shaft joint 4 rolls on a cross shaft 15 having four shaft portions 17 projecting in four directions from the side peripheral surface of the body portion 16 and an outer peripheral surface 17 a of the shaft portion 17. A plurality of rolling elements 18 and a bottomed cylindrical bearing cup 19 that is externally fitted to the plurality of rolling elements 18 are provided.
In each of the bearing holes 13a and 14a, each shaft portion 17 of the cross shaft 15 is supported so as to be rotatable about its axis via the bearing cup 19 in which a plurality of rolling elements 18 are arranged on the inner periphery. ing. The structure between the third yoke 20 provided at the other end of the intermediate shaft 5 and the fourth yoke 21 provided at the end of the pinion shaft 6 is the same, and the description thereof is omitted.

図４は十字軸継手４の断面図であり、前記アーム１３における十字軸継手４を示している。十字軸１５は、胴体部１６と、この胴体部１６の側周面から四方に突出する４つの軸部１７を有している。十字軸１５は鋼製であり、胴体部１６と４つの軸部１７とは鍛造により一体成形されている。軸受カップ１９は有底円筒状をしており、円筒部１９ａと、この円筒部１９ａの端部と連続している円板部１９ｂとを有している。転動体１８はニードルローラよりなり、軸受カップ１９の内周面に沿って複数配列されている。そして、軸受カップ１９の円筒部１９ａの内周面が転動体１８の軌道面となる。転動体（ニードルローラ）１８及び軸受カップ１９は鋼製である。   FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cross joint 4, and shows the cross joint 4 in the arm 13. The cross shaft 15 has a body portion 16 and four shaft portions 17 projecting in four directions from the side peripheral surface of the body portion 16. The cross shaft 15 is made of steel, and the body portion 16 and the four shaft portions 17 are integrally formed by forging. The bearing cup 19 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and includes a cylindrical portion 19a and a disc portion 19b continuous with an end portion of the cylindrical portion 19a. The rolling elements 18 are needle rollers, and a plurality of rolling elements 18 are arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the bearing cup 19. The inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 19 a of the bearing cup 19 becomes the raceway surface of the rolling element 18. The rolling element (needle roller) 18 and the bearing cup 19 are made of steel.

また、軸受カップ１９の円板部１９ｂには、図５に示すように、軸受カップ１９と軸部１７とを相対回転させながら前記軸受カップ１９を前記軸部１７に外嵌させるための回転工具を係合するための係合部として、周方向に４つの溝２２が等間隔で形成されている。軸受カップ１９に溝２２を形成すれば、組み立て時にこの溝２２に回転工具を係合させることにより、軸受カップ１９と回転工具とを係合させた状態で回転させることができるため、回転工具の回転力を軸受カップ１９に効率よく伝えることができる。また、軸受カップ１９の円板部１９ｂの中央部には、軸部１７の先端面１７ｂに当接する突起部２３が設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 5, a rotary tool for fitting the bearing cup 19 to the shaft portion 17 while rotating the bearing cup 19 and the shaft portion 17 relative to each other on the disc portion 19 b of the bearing cup 19. Four grooves 22 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. If the groove 22 is formed in the bearing cup 19, it is possible to rotate the bearing cup 19 and the rotary tool by engaging the rotary tool with the groove 22 during assembly. The rotational force can be efficiently transmitted to the bearing cup 19. In addition, a protrusion 23 is provided at the center of the disc portion 19 b of the bearing cup 19 so as to abut on the tip surface 17 b of the shaft portion 17.

軸受カップ１９は、円筒部１９ａにおいて前記アーム１３の軸受孔１３ａに嵌入されており、十字軸継手４の組み立て完了状態で、円筒部１９ａと軸受孔１３ａとの間は締り嵌めの状態に維持されている。また、軸受カップ１９内においては、複数の転動体１８と十字軸１５の軸部１７との間、及び転動体１８と軸受カップ１９との間が締り嵌めの状態に維持されている。つまり、組み立て後の転動体１８におけるラジアル隙間を負隙間としている。または、転動体１８におけるラジアル隙間をゼロの状態にしてもよい。   The bearing cup 19 is fitted into the bearing hole 13a of the arm 13 in the cylindrical portion 19a. When the assembly of the cross joint 4 is completed, a tight fit is maintained between the cylindrical portion 19a and the bearing hole 13a. ing. In the bearing cup 19, a tight fit is maintained between the plurality of rolling elements 18 and the shaft portion 17 of the cross shaft 15 and between the rolling elements 18 and the bearing cup 19. That is, the radial gap in the rolling element 18 after assembly is a negative gap. Alternatively, the radial gap in the rolling element 18 may be set to zero.

上記十字軸継手４は、胴体部１６の側周面から四方に突出した４つの軸部１７を有する十字軸１５と、転動体１８を内周に有する軸受カップ１９とを相対回転させながら、前記軸受カップ１９を前記軸部１７に外嵌することにより組立てることができる。なお、ここでの回転には、３６０度回転させる場合だけでなく、揺動する場合も含まれる。要するに、第１ヨーク１１への軸受カップ１９の取り付けを、一対のアーム１３に形成された軸受孔１３ａの内部に、十字軸１５を構成する同じ軸心方向の各軸部１７をセットした状態で、十字軸１５を回転若しくは揺動させるか又は軸受カップ１９を回転若しくは揺動させながら軸受カップ１９を軸部１７に外嵌させて行い、第２ヨーク１２への軸受カップ１９の取り付けを、一対のアーム１４に形成された軸受孔１４ａの内部に、十字軸１５を構成する残りの同じ軸心方向の各軸部１７をセットした状態で、十字軸１５を揺動させるか又は軸受カップ１９を回転若しくは揺動させながら軸部１７に外嵌させて行うのである。この方法によれば、転動体１８が自転しながら軸部１７の外周面１７ａに接触するため、両者１７，１８が強く接触することを防ぐことができ、これにより軸部１７及び転動体１８の損傷を防ぐことができる。   The cruciform joint 4 is formed by relatively rotating a cruciform shaft 15 having four shaft portions 17 projecting in four directions from the side peripheral surface of the body portion 16 and a bearing cup 19 having a rolling element 18 on the inner periphery. The bearing cup 19 can be assembled by being externally fitted to the shaft portion 17. Here, the rotation includes not only the case of rotating 360 degrees but also the case of swinging. In short, the attachment of the bearing cup 19 to the first yoke 11 is performed in a state in which the shaft portions 17 in the same axial direction constituting the cross shaft 15 are set inside the bearing holes 13 a formed in the pair of arms 13. The bearing cup 19 is fitted on the shaft portion 17 while rotating or swinging the cross shaft 15 or rotating or swinging the bearing cup 19, and the bearing cup 19 is attached to the second yoke 12. With the remaining shaft portions 17 in the same axial direction constituting the cross shaft 15 set in the bearing hole 14a formed in the arm 14, the cross shaft 15 is swung or the bearing cup 19 is This is performed by fitting the shaft portion 17 while rotating or swinging. According to this method, since the rolling element 18 contacts the outer peripheral surface 17a of the shaft portion 17 while rotating, it is possible to prevent both the members 17 and 18 from coming into contact with each other. Damage can be prevented.

組立方法をさらに詳しく説明する。図６は、十字軸継手４の一つの組立方法を説明する説明図である。
十字軸継手４の組み立ては、まず、第１ヨーク１１の対向するアーム１３の軸受孔１３ａの内部に十字軸１５を構成する同じ軸心方向の軸部１７をセットする。そして、一方の軸部１７の軸線方向の外側から、内周に沿って複数の転動体１８を配列した軸受カップ１９を軸部１７に接近させる。そして、回転工具（図示せず）の例えば爪部を軸受カップ１９の溝２２に係合させ、軸受カップ１９を低速度で回転させながら軸受孔１３ａに圧入していく。ここで、軸受カップ１９を軸受孔１３ａに圧入しながら当該軸受カップ１９内の転動体１８を軸部１７の先端部側から外嵌させ、軸受カップ１９が縮径することで転動体１８と軸部１７とが圧接した状態、つまり、締り嵌め状態となる。この回転圧入は、軸受カップ１９の突起部２３が軸部１７の先端面１７ｂに当接するまで行われ、その後、軸受孔１３ａの開口端側の内周部をかしめ加工して軸受カップ１９の抜けを防止する。
また、第２ヨーク１２のアーム１４の軸受孔１４ａにおいても第１ヨーク１１の場合と同様に、内周に複数の転動体１８を配列した軸受カップ１９（図示せず）を回転させながら軸部１７に外嵌させる。なお、取り付ける順番は、第２ヨークが先でもかまわない。第３ヨーク２０及び第４ヨーク２１の取り付けについても同様であり、説明を省略する。 The assembly method will be described in more detail. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view for explaining one assembling method of the cross joint 4.
In assembling the cross shaft joint 4, first, the shaft portion 17 in the same axial direction constituting the cross shaft 15 is set in the bearing hole 13 a of the arm 13 facing the first yoke 11. Then, a bearing cup 19 in which a plurality of rolling elements 18 are arranged along the inner periphery is brought closer to the shaft portion 17 from the outside in the axial direction of one shaft portion 17. Then, for example, a claw portion of a rotary tool (not shown) is engaged with the groove 22 of the bearing cup 19, and the bearing cup 19 is pressed into the bearing hole 13a while rotating at a low speed. Here, while the bearing cup 19 is press-fitted into the bearing hole 13a, the rolling element 18 in the bearing cup 19 is externally fitted from the tip end side of the shaft portion 17, and the diameter of the bearing cup 19 is reduced so that the rolling element 18 and the shaft It will be in the state which press-contacted with the part 17, ie, an interference fit state. This rotational press-fitting is performed until the protrusion 23 of the bearing cup 19 contacts the tip end surface 17b of the shaft portion 17, and thereafter, the inner peripheral portion on the opening end side of the bearing hole 13a is caulked to remove the bearing cup 19. To prevent.
Also in the bearing hole 14a of the arm 14 of the second yoke 12, as in the case of the first yoke 11, the shaft portion is rotated while rotating a bearing cup 19 (not shown) in which a plurality of rolling elements 18 are arranged on the inner periphery. 17 is externally fitted. In addition, the order of attachment may be the second yoke first. The same applies to the attachment of the third yoke 20 and the fourth yoke 21, and a description thereof will be omitted.

なお、この組み立て前において、十字軸１５の軸部１７の基端側には環状のシール部材２４が予め取り付けられている。また、軸受カップ１９の開口側の端部には、円筒部１９ａの端部から径方向内方に折り曲げられた円環状の鍔部１９ｄが形成されている。そして、このシール部材２４と鍔部１９ｄとが接触することにより、転動体１８側へ異物が侵入することを防いでいる。   Before the assembly, an annular seal member 24 is attached in advance to the proximal end side of the shaft portion 17 of the cross shaft 15. In addition, an annular flange portion 19d that is bent radially inward from the end portion of the cylindrical portion 19a is formed at the opening-side end portion of the bearing cup 19. And when this seal member 24 and the collar part 19d contact, it has prevented that a foreign material penetrate | invades into the rolling element 18 side.

上記の方法によれば、転動体１８を内周に有する軸受カップ１９を十字軸１５の軸部１７に取り付ける際、軸受カップ１９を回転させながら軸受孔１３ａに圧入していくので、転動体１８が自転しながら軸部１７の外周面１７ａに接触するため、両者１７，１８が強く接触することを防ぐことができ、これにより軸部１７及び転動体１８の損傷を防ぐことができる。
さらに、軸受カップ１９の円板部１９ｂに、当該軸受カップ１９を回転させながら前記軸部１７に挿入させる回転工具を係合するための係合部（溝）２２が形成されているので、軸受カップ１９と回転工具とを係合させた状態で回転させることができるため、回転工具の回転力を軸受カップ１９に効率よく伝えることができる。
そして、上記方法で組立てられた十字軸継手４及びこれを備えた車両用軸受装置１は、軸部１７や転動体１８に傷が発生し難い。また、軸部１７と転動体１８との間が負隙間とされているので、継手の操舵感が向上する。 According to the above method, when the bearing cup 19 having the rolling element 18 on the inner periphery is attached to the shaft portion 17 of the cross shaft 15, the bearing cup 19 is pressed into the bearing hole 13a while being rotated. Since it contacts with the outer peripheral surface 17a of the shaft part 17 while rotating, it is possible to prevent the two parts 17 and 18 from coming into strong contact with each other, thereby preventing the shaft part 17 and the rolling element 18 from being damaged.
Further, since the disk portion 19b of the bearing cup 19 is formed with an engaging portion (groove) 22 for engaging a rotary tool to be inserted into the shaft portion 17 while rotating the bearing cup 19, Since the cup 19 and the rotary tool can be rotated in an engaged state, the rotational force of the rotary tool can be efficiently transmitted to the bearing cup 19.
And the cross shaft coupling 4 assembled by the said method and the vehicle bearing apparatus 1 provided with the same are hard to generate | occur | produce a damage | wound in the axial part 17 or the rolling element 18. FIG. Moreover, since the negative gap is provided between the shaft portion 17 and the rolling elements 18, the steering feeling of the joint is improved.

なお、本発明の十字軸継手は、図示する形態に限らずこの発明の範囲内において他の形態のものであってもよい。前記実施の形態では、係合部として、溝２２が軸受カップ１９の円板部１９ｂに、周方向に等間隔で４つ形成されているが、溝２２の数及び形状はこれに限定されるわけではなく、回転工具を係合して軸受カップ１９を回転させながら軸部１７に外嵌できればかまわない。また、係合部は、溝２２でなくてもよい。
また、前記実施の形態では、第１ヨーク１１への取り付け及び第２ヨーク１２への取り付けを、いずれも軸受カップ１９を回転させて行っているが、いずれか一方又は両方の取り付けを、図７に示すように軸部１７を回転させるか又は揺動させながら軸受カップ１９を軸部１７に外嵌させて行うとも可能である。 Note that the cross joint of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated form, and may be of other forms within the scope of the present invention. In the embodiment described above, four grooves 22 are formed in the disc portion 19b of the bearing cup 19 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction as the engaging portion, but the number and shape of the grooves 22 are limited to this. However, it does not matter as long as it can be fitted onto the shaft portion 17 while rotating the bearing cup 19 by engaging the rotary tool. Further, the engaging portion may not be the groove 22.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the attachment to the 1st yoke 11 and the attachment to the 2nd yoke 12 are both performed by rotating the bearing cup 19, either one or both attachments are shown in FIG. It is also possible to carry out by fitting the bearing cup 19 to the shaft portion 17 while rotating or swinging the shaft portion 17 as shown in FIG.

本発明の十字軸継手を備えた車両用操舵装置の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the steering apparatus for vehicles provided with the cross-shaft coupling of this invention. 本発明の車両用操舵装置の要部の側面図である。It is a side view of the principal part of the steering device for vehicles of the present invention. 図２のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ断面における断面図であるIt is sectional drawing in the III-III cross section of FIG. 本発明の十字軸継手の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the cross shaft coupling of this invention. 軸受カップの正面図である。It is a front view of a bearing cup. 十字軸継手の一つの組立方法を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining one assembly method of a cross-shaft coupling. 十字軸継手の他の組立方法を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the other assembly method of a cross shaft coupling. 従来の十字軸継手を備えた継手構造の組み立てを説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the assembly of the joint structure provided with the conventional cross shaft joint.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 車両用操舵装置
３ ステアリングシャフト
４ 十字軸継手
５ 中間シャフト
６ ピニオンシャフト
１１ 第１ヨーク
１３ アーム
１３ａ 軸受孔
１５ 十字軸
１７ 軸部
１８ 転動体
１９ 軸受カップ
２２ 溝（係合部） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle steering device 3 Steering shaft 4 Cross shaft joint 5 Intermediate shaft 6 Pinion shaft 11 1st yoke 13 Arm 13a Bearing hole 15 Cross shaft 17 Shaft part 18 Rolling body 19 Bearing cup 22 Groove (engagement part)

Claims (4)

胴体部の側周面から四方に突出した４つの軸部を有する十字軸と、
前記軸部の外周面を転走する複数の転動体と、
前記複数の転動体に外嵌される円筒部とこの円筒部の端部に連続する円板部とを有する軸受カップと、を備え、
前記転動体が前記軸部に対して締り嵌めの状態で維持されている十字軸継手において、
前記軸受カップの円板部に、当該軸受カップと前記軸部とを相対回転させながら前記軸受カップを前記軸部に外嵌させるための回転工具が係合される係合部が形成されていることを特徴とする十字軸継手。 A cross shaft having four shaft portions protruding in four directions from the side peripheral surface of the body portion;
A plurality of rolling elements that roll on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion;
A bearing cup having a cylindrical portion that is externally fitted to the plurality of rolling elements and a disc portion that is continuous with an end portion of the cylindrical portion;
In the cross shaft joint in which the rolling element is maintained in an interference fit with the shaft portion,
An engagement portion is formed in the disk portion of the bearing cup to engage a rotary tool for fitting the bearing cup to the shaft portion while relatively rotating the bearing cup and the shaft portion. A cross shaft coupling characterized by that. ステアリングシャフトと、ピニオンシャフトと、前記ステアリングシャフトと前記ピニオンシャフトとを繋ぐための継手と、を備え、前記継手が請求項１に記載の十字軸継手であることを特徴とする車両用操舵装置。   A vehicle steering apparatus comprising: a steering shaft; a pinion shaft; and a joint for connecting the steering shaft and the pinion shaft, wherein the joint is the cross shaft joint according to claim 1. 十字軸を構成する軸部と、転動体を内周に有する軸受カップとを相対回転させながら、前記軸受カップを前記軸部に外嵌させることを特徴とする十字軸継手の組立方法。   An assembly method of a cross shaft joint, wherein the shaft cup constituting the cross shaft and the bearing cup having a rolling element on the inner periphery are relatively rotated, and the bearing cup is fitted onto the shaft portion. 前記軸受カップとして、その円板部に、当該軸受カップと前記軸部とを相対回転させながら前記軸受カップを前記軸部に外嵌させるための回転工具が係合される係合部が形成されているものを用いる請求項３に記載の十字軸継手の組立方法。   As the bearing cup, an engagement portion is formed in the disk portion to engage a rotary tool for fitting the bearing cup to the shaft portion while relatively rotating the bearing cup and the shaft portion. The method for assembling the cross joint according to claim 3, wherein the cross joint is used.
JP2006216003A 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Cardan joint, bearing device for vehicle provided therewith, and assembling method of cardan joint Pending JP2008039115A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015090205A (en) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-11 株式会社ジェイテクト Method of assembling universal joint, and device for assembling universal joint
JP2015190588A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-11-02 株式会社ジェイテクト Assembling method of universal joint, inspection method of universal joint, assembling device of universal joint, and inspection device of universal joint

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015090205A (en) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-11 株式会社ジェイテクト Method of assembling universal joint, and device for assembling universal joint
JP2015190588A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-11-02 株式会社ジェイテクト Assembling method of universal joint, inspection method of universal joint, assembling device of universal joint, and inspection device of universal joint

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