JP2008029393A - X-ray image diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents

X-ray image diagnostic apparatus Download PDF

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JP2008029393A
JP2008029393A JP2006203320A JP2006203320A JP2008029393A JP 2008029393 A JP2008029393 A JP 2008029393A JP 2006203320 A JP2006203320 A JP 2006203320A JP 2006203320 A JP2006203320 A JP 2006203320A JP 2008029393 A JP2008029393 A JP 2008029393A
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JP4807846B2 (en
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Yasuo Matsuoka
泰生 松岡
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Hitachi Healthcare Manufacturing Ltd
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Hitachi Medical Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray image diagnostic apparatus capable of obtaining a stable high-quality image by reducing the detection error caused by the deterioration with age of an X-ray planar detector. <P>SOLUTION: Dark-current correction data are collected every five seconds and added till the information on a subject is input (S303) after the ID input screen for inputting the information on the subject is displayed (S301) in a display device 12 of a control device when the power supply is loaded to the X-ray image diagnostic apparatus, and the dark-current correction data are stored in a storage part of a dark-current correction data collecting part 10b. Then, a photography procedure is selected (S304), and the electric charge accumulated in an X-ray detecting substance layer of the X-ray planar detector is eliminated (idle reading) till the switch-on of X-ray exposure (S309) from the preparation for photography (S305) for positioning a photography system and the subject. The idle reading comprises the idle reading at two-minute intervals (S307) and the idle reading by a trigger, a positioning operation signal (S308). The subject is photographed by the X-ray exposure (S309) with the priority placed in the idle reading with the trigger. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、複数のX線検出素子で構成されるX線平面検出器をX線検出手段に用いるX線画像診断装置に係り、特にX線平面検出器の暗電流を補正して高画質の画像を得るに好適なX線画像診断装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an X-ray image diagnostic apparatus that uses an X-ray flat panel detector composed of a plurality of X-ray detection elements as X-ray detection means, and particularly corrects the dark current of the X-ray flat panel detector to improve the image quality. The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus suitable for obtaining an image.

近年、X線画像を直接デジタル画像として撮影するために、デジタル画像がリアルタイムで得られるX線平面検出器と呼ばれる半導体式デジタルX線検出器を用いたX線画像診断装置が実用化されている。   In recent years, in order to directly capture an X-ray image as a digital image, an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus using a semiconductor digital X-ray detector called an X-ray flat panel detector capable of obtaining a digital image in real time has been put into practical use. .

前記X線平面検出器には、X線変換方式により間接変換方式と直接変換方式とがあり、前記間接変換方式は、X線を吸収するシンチレータでX線をいったん光に変換した後、この変換された光をフォトダイオードで電荷量に変換し、この電荷量を読み出してX線画像データを得る方式である。
これに対して、前記直接変換方式は、X線を吸収するX線−電荷の変換材料(フォトコンダクタと呼ばれ、セレンが用いられる)でX線エネルギーを直接に電荷(電子-正孔ペア)量に変換し、この変換された電荷量を読み出してX線画像データを得る方式である。
The X-ray flat panel detector has an indirect conversion method and a direct conversion method depending on the X-ray conversion method. The indirect conversion method converts the X-rays into light once with a scintillator that absorbs the X-rays, and then converts the light. In this method, the emitted light is converted into a charge amount by a photodiode, and the charge amount is read to obtain X-ray image data.
On the other hand, in the direct conversion method, X-ray energy is directly charged (electron-hole pair) with an X-ray-to-charge conversion material (called a photoconductor, which uses selenium) that absorbs X-rays. This is a method of converting into a quantity and reading out the converted charge quantity to obtain X-ray image data.

前記いずれの変換方式においても、大きく分けると、X線のエネルギーを光若しくは電荷量に変換するX線変換部と、このX線変換部で変換された光を電荷に変換した値、若しくは前記X線エネルギーを直接電荷に変換した値を検出する二次元半導体検出素子アレィによる検出部とで構成され、これらのX線平面検出器には、X線が入射されない時の該X線平面検出器で検出される暗電流と呼ばれるオフセット値が存在する。
このオフセット値は画素ごとの漏れ電流によって生じるもので、X線平面検出の温度や時間経過によって変化し、このため被検体を透過したX線検出信号から前記暗電流によるオフセット値を減算してX線画像データを補正し、この補正したデータに各種の画像処理を施して所望のX線画像を得ている。
In any of the above conversion methods, it can be broadly divided into an X-ray conversion unit that converts X-ray energy into light or a charge amount, and a value obtained by converting the light converted by the X-ray conversion unit into a charge, or the X These X-ray flat detectors are used when the X-ray flat detector is not incident on these X-ray flat detectors. There is an offset value called dark current that is detected.
This offset value is caused by the leakage current for each pixel, and changes with the temperature and time of X-ray plane detection.For this reason, the offset value due to the dark current is subtracted from the X-ray detection signal transmitted through the subject. The line image data is corrected, and various types of image processing are performed on the corrected data to obtain a desired X-ray image.

このように、X線検出手段にX線平面検出器を用いた場合は、該検出器の暗電流補正処理が必要で、この暗電流補正技術が特許文献1に開示されている。
この特許文献1の暗電流補正は、暗電流を検出する手段と、この検出した信号を用いて出力信号を補正する暗電流補正手段と、暗電流を補正する指令を入力する暗電流補正指令入力手段と、暗電流値の変化分を検出する暗電流変化値検出手段と、前記暗電流の変化値が所定値を越えたときに暗電流の補正が必要であることを判断する暗電流補正判断手段と、この暗電流補正判断手段から暗電流の補正が必要であることを報知する暗電流補正報知手段とを備えて、X線平面検出器の暗電流の変化を常に監視し、この暗電流が所定の変化値を超えた際に暗電流補正を行うようにしたものである。
特開2004-121718号公報
Thus, when an X-ray flat panel detector is used as the X-ray detection means, dark current correction processing of the detector is necessary, and this dark current correction technique is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
The dark current correction disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes dark current detection means, dark current correction means for correcting an output signal using the detected signal, and dark current correction command input for inputting a dark current correction command. Means, dark current change value detecting means for detecting a change in dark current value, and dark current correction determination for determining that dark current correction is necessary when the dark current change value exceeds a predetermined value And a dark current correction notifying means for notifying that dark current correction is necessary from the dark current correction determining means, and constantly monitoring changes in the dark current of the X-ray flat panel detector. When the current value exceeds a predetermined change value, dark current correction is performed.
JP 2004-121718 A

しかしながら、上記特許文献1の技術は、暗電流値の変化分を検出して該暗電流の変化値が所定値を越えたときに暗電流を補正するものであるため、暗電流が所定値以下の場合は暗電流の補正は行われない。
このため、暗電流が所定値以下の各撮影においては、撮影毎の暗電流に差が生じるために、各撮影における撮影画像の画質も異なるものとなる。
また、暗電流が前記所定値以下であっても暗電流が存在するので、この暗電流は画質向上の妨げとなって、さらなる画質向上は望めない。
However, since the technique of Patent Document 1 detects the amount of change in the dark current value and corrects the dark current when the change value of the dark current exceeds a predetermined value, the dark current is equal to or less than the predetermined value. In the case of, dark current correction is not performed.
For this reason, in each photographing where the dark current is equal to or less than a predetermined value, a difference occurs in the dark current for each photographing, so that the image quality of the photographed image in each photographing is different.
Further, since dark current exists even when the dark current is less than or equal to the predetermined value, this dark current hinders improvement in image quality, and further improvement in image quality cannot be expected.

さらに、暗電流補正処理を実行するためには、操作者が暗電流補正指令入力手段としての補正ボタン22(特許文献1の図1参照のこと)を押さなければならないが、この方法では以下の問題が生じる。
すなわち、一般撮影の標準の撮影手順は、被検体の撮影位置への位置決めを行い、この位置決めした撮影位置にX線が照射されるようにX線発生系を位置決めした後に撮影を行う。
そこで、前記補正ボタンは、被検体の位置決め前に押すのが理想的であるが、しかし、補正ボタンの押し忘れがあった場合は、補正データが収集されないで撮影することになり、画質が悪化すると共に画質にばらつきが生じる。
Furthermore, in order to execute the dark current correction process, the operator must press the correction button 22 (see FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1) as a dark current correction command input means. Problems arise.
That is, in the standard imaging procedure of general imaging, the subject is positioned at the imaging position, and imaging is performed after positioning the X-ray generation system so that X-rays are irradiated to the positioned imaging position.
Therefore, it is ideal to press the correction button before positioning the subject. However, if the correction button is forgotten to be pressed, the correction image will not be collected, and the image will be deteriorated. In addition, the image quality varies.

また、上記位置決め後に補正ボタンを押して補正データを収集すると、この収集の期間に被検体が位置決めした姿勢を維持できなくなって動いた場合は、再度位置決めをやり直さなければならない。
このため、位置決めから撮影終了までの一連の処理に多くの時間を費やし、この結果、撮影スループットが低下する。
これは、所定時間内に多くの撮影を行わなければならない健康診断用検査の場合はその影響が大きいものとなる。
Further, if correction data is collected by pressing the correction button after the positioning, if the subject cannot move in the position during the collection and moves, the positioning must be performed again.
For this reason, a lot of time is spent on a series of processing from positioning to the end of imaging, and as a result, imaging throughput decreases.
This has a great influence in the case of a medical examination for which a lot of imaging must be performed within a predetermined time.

さらにまた、補正スイッチを押すタイミングが撮影者によって異なること及び撮影者が同じでも補正スイッチを押すタイミングが撮影の都度異なることによって暗電流補正データが異なり、これによってX線平面検出器の出力にばらつきを生じ、画質のばらつきの要因となる。   Furthermore, the dark current correction data varies depending on the timing of pressing the correction switch depending on the photographer and the timing of pressing the correction switch for each photographing even when the photographer is the same, thereby varying the output of the X-ray flat panel detector. Cause image quality variation.

そこで、本発明は、上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、X線平面検出器の経時変化に伴う検出誤差を低減して、安定した高画質の画像を得るX線画像診断装置を提供することにある。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to reduce detection errors associated with aging of the X-ray flat panel detector and obtain stable high-quality images. The object is to provide an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係るX線画像診断装置は、被検体に照射するX線を発生するX線発生手段と、このX線発生手段と対向配置され前記被検体を透過したX線信号を検出しこれを電気信号に変換するX線平面検出器によるX線検出手段と、このX線検出手段によって暗電流補正データを収集する暗電流補正データ収集手段と、前記収集された補正データを用いて前記X線検出手段の出力信号を補正する暗電流補正手段と、この暗電流補正手段によって補正された信号を入力して画像処理を施し前記被検体のX線透過画像を生成する画像処理手段とを備えたX線画像診断装置であって、前記暗電流補正データ収集手段は、撮影開始前に前記X線の放射無しに前記X線平面検出器の暗電流を第1の所定周期で読み出し制御する暗電流読み出し制御手段と、この制御手段で読み出された暗電流の加算平均値を前記第1の所定周期毎に更新して記憶する記憶手段と、前記暗電流補正データ収集後であって前記X線発生手段からのX線曝射開始前に前記X線平面検出器の出力を前記記憶手段に記憶することなしに読み出す空読み手段とを備えたことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus according to the present invention includes an X-ray generation unit that generates X-rays to be irradiated on a subject, and the X-ray generation unit that is disposed so as to face the X-ray generation unit. X-ray detection means by an X-ray flat panel detector that detects an X-ray signal and converts it into an electrical signal, dark current correction data collection means for collecting dark current correction data by the X-ray detection means, and the collected A dark current correction unit that corrects an output signal of the X-ray detection unit using correction data, and a signal corrected by the dark current correction unit is input to perform image processing to generate an X-ray transmission image of the subject. An X-ray image diagnostic apparatus comprising: an image processing unit configured to perform dark current correction data collection unit, wherein the dark current correction data collection unit is configured to detect the dark current of the X-ray flat panel detector without the X-ray emission before the start of imaging. Dark current readout control hand that performs readout control at a predetermined cycle A storage means for updating and storing the average value of the dark current read by the control means for each of the first predetermined periods, and after collecting the dark current correction data and from the X-ray generation means. And an empty reading means for reading out the output of the X-ray flat panel detector without storing it in the storage means before starting the X-ray exposure.

このように構成された本発明によるX線画像診断装置は、撮影前に暗電流補正データを収集しておき、撮影開始直前にX線平面検出器のX線検出物質層に蓄積された電荷を消去してX線平面検出器の暗電流の変動分を最小とし、前記X線平面検出器で検出したデータを前記収集した暗電流補正データを用いて暗電流補正を行うようにしたので、撮影毎に暗電流補正データに差が無く、かつX線平面検出器の検出データには、前記X線検出物質層に蓄積された電荷による差が無いものとなる。
また、前記暗電流補正データは、検査開始指令が入力されるまでの間に暗電流を取り込んでから加算平均処理を行ってこれを記憶するまでの一連の処理に要する時間間隔毎に収集し、この収集した暗電流値の加算平均値を更新した値を用いて補正されるので、画像データの補正精度は向上する。
これによって、暗電流の変動によるばらつきがなく、安定した高画質の撮影画像を得ることができる。
The X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above collects dark current correction data before imaging, and stores charges accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer of the X-ray flat panel detector immediately before imaging starts. Since the dark current fluctuation of the X-ray flat panel detector is minimized and the data detected by the X-ray flat panel detector is used to correct the dark current using the collected dark current correction data. There is no difference in the dark current correction data every time, and there is no difference in the detection data of the X-ray flat panel detector due to the charges accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer.
Further, the dark current correction data is collected at every time interval required for a series of processes from taking dark current until an inspection start command is input to performing addition averaging processing and storing it, Since correction is performed using a value obtained by updating the collected average value of dark current values, the correction accuracy of image data is improved.
As a result, there is no variation due to fluctuations in dark current, and a stable high-quality captured image can be obtained.

前記空読み手段は、第2の所定周期で空読みを行う第1の空読み手段と、撮影準備動作検出信号をトリガーとして空読みを行う第2の空読み手段と、この第2の空読み手段による空読みを前記第1の空読み手段よりも優先して空読みを行う空読み優先処理手段とを備えて空読みすることを特徴とする。   The idle reading means includes a first idle reading means that performs idle reading at a second predetermined cycle, a second idle reading means that performs idle reading using a shooting preparation operation detection signal as a trigger, and the second idle reading. The idle reading by the means is provided with empty reading priority processing means for performing empty reading in preference to the first empty reading means.

このように、前記第2の空読み手段による空読み優先する構成としたので、前記第1の空読み手段の動作タイミングと撮影タイミングとが重なるという不具合を生じることなく撮影が可能となる。   As described above, since the configuration of giving priority to the idle reading by the second idle reading means is adopted, it is possible to take an image without causing a problem that the operation timing and the imaging timing of the first idle reading means overlap.

前記第2の所定周期は、前記暗電流補正データ収集手段の第1の所定周期よりも長いことを特徴とする。
前記第1の所定周期は、暗電流を取り込んでから加算平均処理を行ってこれを記憶するまでの一連の処理に要する時間であり、前記第2の所定周期は、前記X線検出物質層に蓄積される電荷を空読みして該電荷を消去できる時間から求まる時間であるので、前記第1の所定周期よりも長い方が望ましい。
The second predetermined period is longer than the first predetermined period of the dark current correction data collection means.
The first predetermined period is a time required for a series of processes from taking a dark current to performing an addition averaging process and storing it, and the second predetermined period is the X-ray detection material layer. Since this is a time determined from the time that the accumulated charge can be read out and erased, it is desirable that the charge is longer than the first predetermined period.

前記第2の空読み手段の撮影準備動作検出信号は、前記X線発生手段とX線検出手段とから成るX線撮影系の位置決め動作信号及び/又は前記被検体の位置決め動作信号であることを特徴とし、特に前記被検体を載置する載置台上に設けたマットスイッチの動作信号、あるいは前記被検体を載置する載置台上の被検体の赤外線エネルギーを検知する任意の場所に設けた赤外線センサーの動作信号とすることにより撮影準備動作検出を正確に検出することができる。   The imaging preparation operation detection signal of the second idle reading means is an X-ray imaging positioning operation signal and / or a positioning operation signal of the subject comprising the X-ray generation means and the X-ray detection means. In particular, an infrared signal provided at an arbitrary place for detecting an operation signal of a mat switch provided on a mounting table on which the subject is placed or an infrared energy of the subject on the mounting table on which the subject is placed. By using the operation signal of the sensor, it is possible to accurately detect the shooting preparation operation detection.

本発明によれば、撮影前に暗電流補正データを収集しておき、撮影開始直前にX線平面検出器のX線検出物質層に蓄積された電荷を消去して前記収集した補正データによりX線平面検出器で検出したデータを補正するようにしたので、撮影毎の暗電流補正データに差が無く、かつ前記X線検出物質層に蓄積された電荷の変動も最小となって、X線平面検出器の経時変化に伴う検出誤差が低減して安定した高画質の画像が得られるX線画像診断装置を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, dark current correction data is collected before imaging, and the charges accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer of the X-ray flat panel detector are erased immediately before the imaging is started. Since the data detected by the X-ray detector is corrected, there is no difference in the dark current correction data for each imaging, and the fluctuation of the charge accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer is minimized. It is possible to provide an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus capable of reducing a detection error accompanying a change with time of a flat detector and obtaining a stable high-quality image.

本発明によるX線画像診断装置の好ましい実施の形態として、立位撮影台を用いた胸部撮影に本発明を適用した例について、以下添付図面を用いて詳細に説明する。
図1は胸部撮影に本発明を適用したX線画像診断装置の全体構成図である。このX線画 像診断装置は、撮影室に設置されたX線撮影系と操作室に設置された操作系及び画像処理系で構成される。
As a preferred embodiment of the X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus according to the present invention, an example in which the present invention is applied to chest imaging using a standing imaging table will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus in which the present invention is applied to chest radiography. This X-ray image diagnostic apparatus includes an X-ray imaging system installed in an imaging room, an operation system installed in an operation room, and an image processing system.

前記X線撮影系は、被検体1に照射するX線を発生するX線管装置2と、前記被検体1に照射するX線の照射範囲を制限するX線可動絞り装置3と、前記X線管装置2とX線可動絞り装置3などから成るX線発生部(X線発生手段)を支持する天井吊りのX線発生部支持装置4と、前記X線発生部と対向配置され前記被検体1の透過X線を検出しこれをディジタル画像データに変換するX線平面検出器5a及び該X線平面検出器5aで検出したデータを読み出し制御するX線平面検出器制御装置5bとから成るX線検出部5(X線検出手段)と、このX線検出部5を床上に支持するX線検出部支持装置6と、前記被検体1を胸部撮影部位に位置決めする撮影台7と、この撮影台7の上に設けられ前記被検体1が前記撮影台7の上に立っていることを検知するマットスイッチ8と、X線撮影条件に対応して前記X線管装置2の陽極と陰極間に印加する高電圧(以下、この電圧を管電圧と記す)を発生する機能及び前記X線管装置2の陽極と陰極間に流れる電流(以下、この電流を管電流と記す)を制御する機能を備えたX線高電圧装置9とで構成される。   The X-ray imaging system includes an X-ray tube device 2 that generates X-rays that irradiate the subject 1, an X-ray movable aperture device 3 that limits the irradiation range of the X-rays that irradiate the subject 1, and the X-rays A ceiling-suspended X-ray generation unit support device 4 that supports an X-ray generation unit (X-ray generation unit) including the X-ray tube device 2 and the X-ray movable aperture device 3 and the X-ray generation unit. An X-ray flat panel detector 5a that detects transmitted X-rays of the specimen 1 and converts it into digital image data, and an X-ray flat panel detector controller 5b that reads and controls the data detected by the X-ray flat panel detector 5a An X-ray detector 5 (X-ray detector), an X-ray detector support device 6 for supporting the X-ray detector 5 on the floor, an imaging table 7 for positioning the subject 1 at a chest imaging region, and this A mat switch 8 provided on the imaging table 7 for detecting that the subject 1 is standing on the imaging table 7, and the X-ray corresponding to the X-ray imaging conditions The function of generating a high voltage (hereinafter referred to as tube voltage) applied between the anode and cathode of the device 2 and the current flowing between the anode and cathode of the X-ray tube device 2 (hereinafter referred to as tube current) And an X-ray high voltage apparatus 9 having a function of controlling

前記操作系及び画像処理系は、前記X線平面検出器5aで検出したディジタル画像データに該X線平面検出器5aの暗電流補正、ゲイン補正などの各種補正処理を施し、この補正処理された画像データにダイナミックレンジ圧縮処理、フィルタ処理等を行って得られた画像データから撮影画像を生成する画像処理装置10(画像処理手段)と、撮影条件、撮影部位、患者名及び撮影や画像処理に必-要な各種のパラメータを入力する入力装置11とこの入力装置11で入力して設定した撮影に必要なパラメータ等を表示する表示装置12(CRTや液晶モニタ等でX線画像を表示するモニタを備えたものも含む)とを備えた操作装置と、この操作装置で設定した前記X線撮影条件及び撮影制御パラメータに基づいて撮影を制御する図示省略の撮影制御装置とを備えて構成される。   The operation system and the image processing system perform various correction processes such as dark current correction and gain correction of the X-ray flat panel detector 5a on the digital image data detected by the X-ray flat panel detector 5a. Image processing device 10 (image processing means) that generates a captured image from image data obtained by performing dynamic range compression processing, filter processing, etc. on the image data, and for imaging conditions, imaging region, patient name, imaging and image processing An input device 11 for inputting various necessary parameters, and a display device 12 for displaying parameters necessary for imaging set by the input device 11 (a monitor for displaying an X-ray image on a CRT or a liquid crystal monitor) And an imaging control device (not shown) that controls imaging based on the X-ray imaging conditions and imaging control parameters set by the operating device.

前記天井吊りのX線発生部支持装置4は、前記X線発生部を上下、左右に移動させる移動調整機構を備え、前記X線検出部支持装置6は、前記被検体2の撮影部位に位置決めするための前記X線平面検出器5aを被検体の身長に合わせて上下に昇降する移動調整機構を備えており、前記天井吊りX線発生部支持装置4の移動調整機構と前記X線検出部支持装置6の移動調整機構を用いて前記被検体2の撮影部位である胸部をX線照射範囲に位置決めできるように構成されている(X線発生手段とX線検出手段とから成るX線撮影系の位置決め手段)。   The ceiling-suspended X-ray generation unit support device 4 includes a movement adjustment mechanism that moves the X-ray generation unit up and down, left and right, and the X-ray detection unit support device 6 is positioned at the imaging region of the subject 2 The X-ray flat panel detector 5a for moving up and down according to the height of the subject, a movement adjustment mechanism is provided, the movement adjustment mechanism of the ceiling-suspended X-ray generation unit support device 4 and the X-ray detection unit The chest that is the imaging part of the subject 2 can be positioned in the X-ray irradiation range by using the movement adjustment mechanism of the support device 6 (X-ray imaging comprising X-ray generation means and X-ray detection means) System positioning means).

前記X線平面検出器5aは、X線を電気信号に変換する変換方式が間接変換方式の場合、図示は省略するが、被検体1を透過したX線を電荷に変換するX線検出物質層と、この電荷を読み出して電気信号に変換するTFT(Thin Film Transistor)トランジスタで構成されるX線検出素子アレィと、前記TFTトランジスタで変換された電気信号を増幅する増幅回路と、この増幅回路により増幅された電気信号を積分する積分回路と、前記X線検出物質層により変換された電荷をTFTトランジスタにより読み出すタイミングの制御を行うライン制御回路と、前記積分回路の出力であるアナログ信号をディジタル信号に変換するA/D変換器とから構成される。   The X-ray flat detector 5a is an indirect conversion method for converting X-rays into electrical signals, although illustration is omitted, the X-ray detection substance layer that converts X-rays that have passed through the subject 1 into charges An X-ray detection element array composed of a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) transistor that reads out this electric charge and converts it into an electric signal, an amplification circuit that amplifies the electric signal converted by the TFT transistor, and this amplification circuit An integration circuit that integrates the amplified electrical signal, a line control circuit that controls the timing of reading out the charges converted by the X-ray detection material layer by the TFT transistor, and an analog signal that is an output of the integration circuit as a digital signal A / D converter that converts to

このような構成のX線平面検出器5aには、X線が入射されない時の暗電流と呼ばれるオフセット値が存在し、このオフセット値は前記TFTトランジスタのの漏れ電流によって生じるもので、周辺温度や時間経過によって変化する。   In the X-ray flat panel detector 5a having such a configuration, there is an offset value called dark current when no X-ray is incident, and this offset value is caused by the leakage current of the TFT transistor. It changes over time.

このように、X線平面検出器5aには暗電流によるオフセット値が存在するので、このオフセット値の補正処理が必要となる。
本発明は、前記オフセット値の補正処理を撮影の都度、毎回行って周辺温度や時間経過の影響を受けないようにするもので、以下、前記オフセット値の補正処理を暗電流補正処理と記し、この暗電流補正処理に用いるデータ(オフセット値)を暗電流補正データと記すこととする。
As described above, since the offset value due to the dark current exists in the X-ray flat panel detector 5a, it is necessary to correct this offset value.
In the present invention, the offset value correction process is performed every time shooting is performed so as not to be affected by the ambient temperature or the passage of time.Hereinafter, the offset value correction process is referred to as dark current correction process, Data (offset value) used for the dark current correction process is referred to as dark current correction data.

なお、前記X線平面検出器制御装置5bは、前記X線平面検出器5aで検出したX線検出信号を読み出し、この読み出したX線検出信号及び前記暗電流補正データを前記画像処理装置10に取り込むための制御を行うものである(暗電流読み出し制御手段も含む)。   The X-ray flat panel detector control device 5b reads the X-ray detection signal detected by the X-ray flat panel detector 5a, and sends the read X-ray detection signal and the dark current correction data to the image processing device 10. Control for capturing is performed (including dark current readout control means).

前記操作装置の入力装置11は、キーボードやマウス等を備え、前記表示装置12の表示画面には、ID入力画面、撮影部位設定画面、撮影待機画面等があり、これらの表示画面を操作者がタッチして該画面を切り替えて表示するタッチパネル式の表示装置が好適である。   The input device 11 of the operation device includes a keyboard, a mouse, and the like, and the display screen of the display device 12 includes an ID input screen, an imaging region setting screen, an imaging standby screen, and the like. A touch panel type display device that switches and displays the screen by touching is preferable.

また、前記入力装置11及び表示装置12を備えた操作装置の操作制御は、図示は省略するが、各構成要素の動作を制御する中央処理装置(CPU)と、制御プログラム等を格納する主メモリと、患者情報や入力された操作制御データを記憶するハードディスク及び一時記憶メモリと、前記表示装置12の画面上のソフトスイッチを操作するマウス及びそのコントローラと、各種パラメータ設定用のキーやスイッチを備えたキーボードと、上記各構成要素を接続する共通バス等から成るマイクロコンピュータで構成されたハードウェアを用いてソフトウェアによって制御される。   Further, the operation control of the operation device including the input device 11 and the display device 12 is not shown, but a central processing unit (CPU) that controls the operation of each component and a main memory that stores a control program and the like A hard disk and temporary storage memory for storing patient information and input operation control data, a mouse and its controller for operating soft switches on the screen of the display device 12, and keys and switches for setting various parameters It is controlled by software using hardware comprising a keyboard and a microcomputer composed of a common bus or the like for connecting the above components.

前記図示省略の撮影制御装置は、前記操作装置で設定したX線撮影条件に対応するX線制御信号を生成して前記X線高電圧装置9を制御する。
また、X線発生部及びX線検出部5を所定の位置に保持し、前記X線可動絞り装置3によるX線照射野の制限や撮影の開始と終了等の制御を行う。
The imaging control device (not shown) controls the X-ray high-voltage device 9 by generating an X-ray control signal corresponding to the X-ray imaging conditions set by the operating device.
Further, the X-ray generation unit and the X-ray detection unit 5 are held at predetermined positions, and the X-ray movable aperture device 3 controls the X-ray irradiation field restriction and the start and end of imaging.

前記X線高電圧装置9は、前記X線管装置2の陰極であるフィラメントに電流を流して該フィラメントを所定の温度に加熱しておき、前記X線管装置2の陽極と陰極間に印加する直流の高電圧である管電圧を発生する装置で、この高電圧の印加により前記X線管からX線が放射される。
X線量の制御は、前記X線管装置2の陰極であるフィラメントに流れる電流を制御してX線管装置2の陽極と陰極間に流れる管電流、前記管電圧及び撮影時間の制御により行う。
The X-ray high voltage device 9 applies a current to a filament that is a cathode of the X-ray tube device 2 to heat the filament to a predetermined temperature, and applies it between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube device 2 This is a device that generates a tube voltage that is a high direct current voltage. X-rays are emitted from the X-ray tube by the application of this high voltage.
The X-ray dose is controlled by controlling the current flowing in the filament that is the cathode of the X-ray tube apparatus 2 and controlling the tube current flowing between the anode and the cathode of the X-ray tube apparatus 2, the tube voltage, and the imaging time.

なお、図示は省略したが、前記操作装置には、X線照射指令用のスイッチを備えており、このスイッチは、撮影準備スイッチである一段目のスイッチと撮影スイッチである二段目のスイッチとから成り、前記一段目のスイッチを押すと、前記X線管装置2のフィラメントを加熱し、回転陽極を高速に回転させる。
そして、前記フィラメントの温度と前記回転陽極の回転数が所定値に達して撮影準備が完了すると、操作者は前記二段目のスイッチを押して前記X線管装置2に高電圧を印加し、X線を放射して撮影を開始する。
前記操作装置で設定された撮影時間(撮影タイマー)になると、この撮影タイマーのオフ信号で撮影は終了する。
Although not shown in the figure, the operating device includes a switch for X-ray irradiation command, and this switch includes a first-stage switch that is an imaging preparation switch and a second-stage switch that is an imaging switch. When the first-stage switch is pressed, the filament of the X-ray tube apparatus 2 is heated and the rotating anode is rotated at high speed.
When the temperature of the filament and the rotational speed of the rotary anode reach predetermined values and preparation for imaging is completed, the operator applies a high voltage to the X-ray tube device 2 by pressing the second-stage switch, Start shooting by emitting a line.
When the shooting time (shooting timer) set by the operation device is reached, shooting is ended by an OFF signal of the shooting timer.

前記画像処理装置10は、図2に示すように、前記X線平面検出器制御装置5bの制御により、X線平面検出器5aで検出したデータを読み出して収集する画像データ収集部10aと、撮影前にX線平面検出器5aの暗電流を読み出して収集する暗電流補正データ収集部10bと、前記画像データ収集部10aで収集した被検体1を透過したX線透過データから前記暗電流補正データ収集部10bで収集した暗電流補正データを減算して補正する暗電流補正処理及びゲイン補正等の各種補正処理を行う補正処理部10cと、この補正処理部10cで補正処理された画像データにダイナミックレンジ圧縮処理、フィルタ処理等の各種の画像処理を施して撮影画像データを生成する画像処理部10dと、該撮影画像データを記憶する撮影画像データ記憶部10eで構成される。   As shown in FIG. 2, the image processing apparatus 10 reads and collects data detected by the X-ray flat panel detector 5a under the control of the X-ray flat panel detector control apparatus 5b, and an imaging The dark current correction data collecting unit 10b that previously reads and collects the dark current of the X-ray flat panel detector 5a, and the dark current correction data from the X-ray transmission data transmitted through the subject 1 collected by the image data collecting unit 10a Correction processing unit 10c for performing various correction processes such as dark current correction processing and gain correction for subtracting dark current correction data collected by the collection unit 10b, and dynamic correction to the image data corrected by the correction processing unit 10c The image processing unit 10d generates various types of image processing such as range compression processing and filter processing and generates captured image data, and the captured image data storage unit 10e stores the captured image data.

前記画像処理装置10のハードウェアは、図示は省略するが、各構成要素の動作を制御する中央処理装置(CPU)と、制御プログラム等を格納する主メモリと、処理された画像データや付帯情報データ等を記憶するハードディスク及び一時記憶メモリと、表示装置(図1の表示装置12と同じもの)の画面上のソフトスイッチを操作するマウス及びそのコントローラ(図1の入力装置11と同じもの)と、各種パラメータ設定用のキーやスイッチを備えたキーボード(図1の入力装置11と同じもの)と、上記各構成要素を接続する共通バス等から成るマイクロコンピュータで構成され、画像処理はソフトウェアによって制御されて処理される。   Although not shown, the hardware of the image processing apparatus 10 is a central processing unit (CPU) that controls the operation of each component, a main memory that stores a control program, etc., processed image data and incidental information Hard disk and temporary storage memory for storing data, etc., mouse and its controller (same as input device 11 in FIG. 1) for operating a soft switch on the screen of the display device (same as display device 12 in FIG. 1), It consists of a keyboard (same as the input device 11 in FIG. 1) with keys and switches for setting various parameters, and a microcomputer composed of a common bus that connects the above components, and image processing is controlled by software To be processed.

次に、上記構成のX線画像診断装置を用いて胸部撮影を行う本発明の動作について説明する。
本発明は、X線平面検出器5aの暗電流の変動分を極力少なくして安定した高画質の撮影画像を得るために撮影前に以下の三つの処理を行う。
Next, the operation of the present invention for performing chest imaging using the X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus having the above configuration will be described.
In the present invention, the following three processes are performed before photographing in order to obtain a stable high-quality photographed image by minimizing the dark current fluctuation of the X-ray flat panel detector 5a.

(1)暗電流補正データの収集
X線画像診断装置の電源投入によって前記操作装置の表示装置12に被検体情報を入力するためのID入力画面が表示された後に、暗電流補正データを収集する。この暗電流補正データは、ID入力画面が表示されている間、X線平面検出器制御装置5bによりX線平面検出器5aの暗電流値を読み取り、これを前記暗電流補正データ収集部10bに入力して該暗電流補正データ収集部10bの図示省略の記憶部に記憶しておく。
前記暗電流補正データの収集は、前記入力装置11から被検体情報が入力されるまで5秒毎に収集し、これらの収集データを暗電流補正データ収集部10bの加算平均処理部(図示省略)で加算平均処理し、この処理された加算平均値を前記記憶部に記憶し、これを暗電流補正データとする。
前記暗電流補正データの収集時間間隔は、暗電流を取り込んでから加算平均処理を行ってこれを記憶するまでの一連の処理に要する時間で、胸部撮影装置の場合は5秒程度である。
(1) Collection of dark current correction data
After the ID input screen for inputting subject information is displayed on the display device 12 of the operating device by turning on the power of the X-ray image diagnostic apparatus, dark current correction data is collected. The dark current correction data is read from the dark current value of the X-ray flat panel detector 5a by the X-ray flat panel detector control device 5b while the ID input screen is displayed, and this is read into the dark current correction data collecting unit 10b. This is input and stored in a storage unit (not shown) of the dark current correction data collection unit 10b.
The collection of the dark current correction data is collected every 5 seconds until the subject information is input from the input device 11, and these collected data are added and averaged processing unit (not shown) of the dark current correction data collection unit 10b. Then, the averaged processing is performed, and the processed averaged value is stored in the storage unit, which is used as dark current correction data.
The dark current correction data collection time interval is the time required for a series of processes from taking dark current to performing the averaging process and storing it, and is about 5 seconds in the case of a chest imaging apparatus.

(2)X線検出物質層に蓄積された電荷の消去
前記X線平面検出器5aのX線検出物質層に蓄積される電荷は時間の経過に伴って増大する。前記暗電流補正データを収集してから撮影開始までには所定の時間がかかるために(被検体情報入力、被検体の位置決め等)、この時間の間に前記電荷は増大する。この電荷の増大分は、前記画像データ収集部10aで収集する被検体1を透過したX線透過データに含まれるので、該電荷の増大分は撮影毎に異なる値であり、撮影画像の画質のばらつき及び画質低下の要因となる。
(2) Erasing of charges accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer The charges accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer of the X-ray flat detector 5a increase with time. Since a predetermined time is required from the collection of the dark current correction data to the start of imaging (subject information input, subject positioning, etc.), the charge increases during this time. Since this increase in charge is included in the X-ray transmission data transmitted through the subject 1 collected by the image data collection unit 10a, the increase in charge is a different value for each imaging, and the image quality of the captured image This causes variation and image quality degradation.

そこで、本発明においては撮影開始直前に前記電荷を消去するために、前記暗電流補正データを収集してから撮影が開始されるまでにX線平面検出器の出力を記憶することなしに読み出すことを行う。
このような電荷の読み出しは、“空読み”と呼ばれ、この空読みを以下により行う。
1)撮影手技が選択されて位置決め等の撮影準備の終了後までの撮影待機状態では、2分間隔(第2の周期)で空読みを行う(第1の空読み手段)。
2)前記撮影待機状態で前記空読みを強制的に行う強制空読みトリガー信号(影準備動作検出信号)が発生した場合は、前記2分間隔の空読みに優先して(空読み優先処理手段)空読みを行う(第2の空読み手段)。
Therefore, in the present invention, in order to erase the charge immediately before the start of imaging, the output of the X-ray flat panel detector is read out after the dark current correction data is collected and before the imaging is started. I do.
Such charge reading is called “empty reading”, and this empty reading is performed as follows.
1) In the imaging standby state after the imaging technique is selected and the imaging preparation such as positioning is completed, idle reading is performed at intervals of 2 minutes (second period) (first idle reading means).
2) When a forced idle reading trigger signal (shadow preparation operation detection signal) for forcibly performing the idle reading in the shooting standby state occurs, the idle reading priority processing means takes precedence over the idle reading at the 2-minute interval. ) Perform empty reading (second empty reading means).

前記第1の空読み手段で空読みする時間間隔は、前記X線検出物質層に蓄積される電荷を空読みして該電荷を消去できる時間から求まる時間で、胸部撮影装置の場合は前記暗電流補正データの収集時間より長い2分程度である。   The time interval for idle reading by the first idle reading means is a time obtained from the time when the charge accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer can be idle read and erased, and in the case of a chest radiographing apparatus, the dark interval is It is about 2 minutes longer than the current correction data collection time.

このように、本発明は、上記暗電流補正データの収集(暗電流補正データ収集手段)、2分間隔の空読み(第1の空読み手段)及び強制空読みトリガー信号による空読み(第2の空読み手段)を行って暗電流によるオフセット値の変動を最小値にして透過X線検出データを補正するもので、これらの手段を用いて撮影を行う動作について、図3のフローチャートにより詳細に説明する。   As described above, the present invention collects the dark current correction data (dark current correction data collecting means), idle reading at intervals of 2 minutes (first empty reading means), and idle reading by the forced empty reading trigger signal (second reading). 3), and the transmission X-ray detection data is corrected by minimizing the fluctuation of the offset value due to the dark current, and the operation of performing imaging using these means will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. explain.

(1)X線画像診断装置の電源が投入されると、操作装置の表示装置12の表示画面にはID入力画面が表示される(S301)。
(2)ID入力画面が表示されてIDの入力待ちの間に、操作装置から暗電流補正データを収集するための制御信号がX線平面検出器制御装置5bに入力され、該X線平面検出器制御装置5bはX線平面検出器5aの出力データ、すなわち暗電流値の読み出し制御(暗電流読み出し制御手段)を行って該暗電流値は画像処理装置10の暗電流補正データ収集部10b(暗電流補正データ収集手段)に取り込まれ、該暗電流補正データ収集部10bの記憶部(暗電流補正データ記憶手段)に記憶される。
(1) When the X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus is powered on, an ID input screen is displayed on the display screen of the display device 12 of the operating device (S301).
(2) While the ID input screen is displayed and waiting for ID input, a control signal for collecting dark current correction data from the operating device is input to the X-ray flat panel detector controller 5b, and the X-ray plane detection is performed. The device control device 5b performs output control of the X-ray flat panel detector 5a, that is, dark current value read control (dark current read control means), and the dark current value is the dark current correction data collection unit 10b of the image processing device 10 ( Dark current correction data collection means) and stored in the storage section (dark current correction data storage means) of the dark current correction data collection section 10b.

この暗電流読み出し処理は、操作者からの検査開始指令が入力されるまでの間に5秒間隔(第1の周期)で行われ、これによって取り込まれた暗電流値は5秒毎に加算平均処理され、この加算平均された暗電流値は暗電流補正データとして暗電流補正データ収集部10bの記憶部に記憶される。   This dark current readout process is performed at an interval of 5 seconds (first cycle) until the inspection start command from the operator is input, and the dark current value acquired by this is averaged every 5 seconds. This processed and averaged dark current value is stored as dark current correction data in the storage unit of the dark current correction data collection unit 10b.

上記X線平面検出器制御装置5bへの暗電流読み出し制御は、前記操作部のCPUの制御の下に行われ、前記暗電流補正データ収集部10bで処理する加算平均処理及び記憶処理は前記画像処理装置のCPUの制御の下に行われる。
このように、以下の処理においても上記と同様に、操作処理は操作部のCPUにより、画像処理は画像処理装置10のCPUによって制御され、これらは並行して実行されるように構成されている。
The dark current readout control to the X-ray flat panel detector control device 5b is performed under the control of the CPU of the operation unit, and the averaging process and the storage process processed by the dark current correction data collection unit 10b are the image This is done under the control of the processing unit CPU.
As described above, in the following processing, similarly to the above, the operation processing is controlled by the CPU of the operation unit, and the image processing is controlled by the CPU of the image processing apparatus 10, and these are executed in parallel. .

(3)操作者が操作装置の入力装置11から検査開始指令を入力すると、検査開始指令有無の判断部(S302)で検査開始指令有りと判断して入力装置11から被検体情報(氏名、ID番号、性別、生年月日等)を入力する(S303)。 (3) When the operator inputs an examination start command from the input device 11 of the operating device, the examination start command presence / absence determining unit (S302) judges that there is an examination start command and the subject information (name, ID) from the input device 11 (Number, gender, date of birth, etc.) are input (S303).

(4)被検体情報が入力されると、表示装置12の表示画面には撮影手技選択画面が表示され、この選択画面から目的とする撮影手技を選択する(S304)。 (4) When the subject information is input, an imaging technique selection screen is displayed on the display screen of the display device 12, and a target imaging technique is selected from this selection screen (S304).

(5)次に撮影準備を行う(S305)。
この撮影準備は、表示装置12の表示画面に表示された撮影部位設定画面及び撮影条件設定画面等のソフトスイッチを操作して撮影部位及び撮影条件等の設定と、X線撮影系の位置決め(X線管2の照射方向及び位置、X線平面検出器5aの位置)、被検体の位置決めを行う。
そして、ここで最初の空読みを行う(第1の空読み手段)。
(5) Next, preparation for photographing is performed (S305).
This imaging preparation is performed by operating the software switches such as the imaging region setting screen and the imaging condition setting screen displayed on the display screen of the display device 12 to set the imaging region and imaging conditions and the positioning of the X-ray imaging system (X The irradiation direction and position of the X-ray tube 2, the position of the X-ray flat panel detector 5a), and the subject are positioned.
Then, the first empty reading is performed here (first empty reading means).

(6)前記空読み後2分未満か否かを判断し(S306)、空読み後2分未満の場合は強制空読みトリガー信号(撮影準備動作信号である図1のマットスイッチ8のオン信号)が入力されており(S308)、このトリガー信号により空読みを行う(第2の空読み手段)。
前記空読み後2分未満でない場合は、更に空読みを行って(第1の空読み手段)撮影準備を続ける。
(6) It is determined whether or not it is less than 2 minutes after the idle reading (S306), and if it is less than 2 minutes after the idle reading, a forced idle reading trigger signal (an ON signal of the mat switch 8 in FIG. ) Is input (S308), and empty reading is performed by this trigger signal (second empty reading means).
If it is not less than 2 minutes after the idle reading, the idle reading is further performed (first empty reading means) and the preparation for photographing is continued.

(7)上記トリガー信号により空読みを行って、X線曝射開始指令であるX線曝射スイッチがオンか否かを判断する(S309)。
X線曝射スイッチがオンの場合はX線を曝射して撮影を開始し、X線曝射スイッチがオフの場合はS305に戻って上記と同様の処理(S306、S307、S308)
を行う。
このように、上記撮影準備からX線曝射スイッチがオンするまでの撮影待機状態においては、前記X線曝射スイッチがオンするまでに空読みを行ってX線平面検出器5aのX線検出物質層に蓄積される電荷を消去する。
(7) The idle reading is performed by the trigger signal, and it is determined whether or not the X-ray exposure switch which is an X-ray exposure start command is ON (S309).
If the X-ray exposure switch is on, X-ray exposure is started and imaging is started, and if the X-ray exposure switch is off, the process returns to S305 and the same processing as above (S306, S307, S308)
I do.
As described above, in the imaging standby state from the imaging preparation until the X-ray exposure switch is turned on, the X-ray detection of the X-ray flat panel detector 5a is performed by performing idle reading until the X-ray exposure switch is turned on. The charge accumulated in the material layer is erased.

(8)X線曝射スイッチがオンして撮影を開始し、X線平面検出器5aの出力を読み出してこれを画像処理装置10の画像データ収集部10aに収集して画像データを取得する(S310)。 (8) The X-ray exposure switch is turned on to start imaging, and the output of the X-ray flat panel detector 5a is read and collected by the image data collection unit 10a of the image processing apparatus 10 to obtain image data ( S310).

(9)S304で選択した撮影手技の画像データを取得して該手技の撮影が終了すると、全撮影手技の撮影が終了かをS311で判断し、終了していない場合は次の撮影手技をS304で選択して上記と同様に撮影を行う。
全撮影手技の撮影を行った場合は、当該被検体の撮影を終了とし、ID入力画面表示(S301)に戻り、次の被検体を待つ。
(9) When the image data of the shooting technique selected in S304 is acquired and the shooting of the technique is completed, it is determined in S311 whether the shooting of all the shooting techniques is completed. If not, the next shooting technique is determined in S304. Select with, and shoot as above.
If all imaging procedures have been performed, the imaging of the subject is terminated, the display returns to the ID input screen display (S301), and the next subject is awaited.

(10)上記検査開始指令有無の判断部(S302)で検査開始指令が無い場合は、X線画像診断装置の電源を遮断して検査終了とする。 (10) If there is no examination start command in the examination start command presence / absence judgment unit (S302), the power of the X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus is turned off to end the examination.

上記S301〜S310の処理過程を経て取得した画像データから前記暗電流補正データ収集部10bに記憶してある暗電流補正データを減算して暗電流補正処理を行い、さらにゲイン補正等の各種補正処理を補正処理部10cで行い、この補正処理部10cで補正処理された画像データにダイナミックレンジ圧縮処理、フィルタ処理等の各種の画像処理を施して撮影画像データを画像処理部10dで生成し、この処理された撮影画像データを撮影画像データ記憶部10eに記憶すると共に画像モニタを備えたX線画像診断装置の場合は、前記画像データに表示制御処理を施して前記画像モニタに撮影画像を表示して診断に供する。   The dark current correction data stored in the dark current correction data collection unit 10b is subtracted from the image data acquired through the processing steps of S301 to S310, and dark current correction processing is performed, and various correction processing such as gain correction is performed. Is performed by the correction processing unit 10c, and the image data corrected by the correction processing unit 10c is subjected to various image processing such as dynamic range compression processing and filter processing to generate photographed image data by the image processing unit 10d. In the case of an X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus that stores the processed captured image data in the captured image data storage unit 10e and includes an image monitor, the image data is subjected to display control processing to display the captured image on the image monitor. For diagnosis.

このように、本発明によるX線画像診断装置は、撮影前に暗電流補正データを収集しておき、撮影開始直前にX線平面検出器のX線検出物質層に蓄積された電荷を消去してX線平面検出器の暗電流の変動分を最小とし、前記X線平面検出器で検出したデータを前記収集した暗電流補正データを用いて暗電流補正を行うようにしたので、撮影毎に暗電流補正データに差が無く、かつX線平面検出器の検出データには、前記X線検出物質層に蓄積された電荷による差が無いものとなる。
これによって、暗電流の変動によるばらつきがなく、安定した高画質の撮影画像を得ることができる。
As described above, the X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus according to the present invention collects dark current correction data before imaging, and erases the charge accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer of the X-ray flat panel detector immediately before imaging starts. Since the dark current fluctuation of the X-ray flat panel detector is minimized and the data detected by the X-ray flat panel detector is used to correct the dark current using the collected dark current correction data. There is no difference in the dark current correction data, and there is no difference in the detection data of the X-ray flat panel detector due to the charge accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer.
As a result, there is no variation due to fluctuations in dark current, and a stable high-quality captured image can be obtained.

前記暗電流補正データは、検査開始指令が入力されるまでの間に5秒間隔で暗電流を収集し、この収集した暗電流値の加算平均値である。
このように、暗電流補正データは5秒間隔で更新されるので、この更新された補正データを用いて補正された画像データの補正精度は向上し、この補正された画像データを用いて生成された撮影画像は高画質なものとなる。
The dark current correction data is an average value of the collected dark current values obtained by collecting dark current at intervals of 5 seconds until an inspection start command is input.
Thus, since the dark current correction data is updated at intervals of 5 seconds, the correction accuracy of the image data corrected using the updated correction data is improved, and the dark current correction data is generated using the corrected image data. The captured image has a high image quality.

前記X線平面検出器のX線検出物質層に蓄積された電荷の消去は、被検体が撮影台に立っていることを検出するマットスイッチのオン動作信号で前記電荷を消去するための空読み手段(第2の空読み手段)と、前記暗電流補正データ収集後に2分間隔で前記電荷を空読みする手段(第1の空読み手段)とを備え、前記第1の空読み手段と前記第2の空読み手段のうちの前記第2の空読み手段を優先する構成(空読み優先処理手段)としたので、前記第1の空読み手段の動作タイミングと撮影タイミングとが重なるという不具合を生じることなく撮影が可能となる。   The charge accumulated in the X-ray detection material layer of the X-ray flat panel detector is erased in order to erase the charge by an ON operation signal of a mat switch that detects that the subject is standing on the imaging table. Means (second idle reading means) and means (first idle reading means) for idle reading of the electric charge at intervals of 2 minutes after the dark current correction data collection, the first idle reading means and the Since the second empty reading means of the second empty reading means is configured to be prioritized (empty reading priority processing means), the operation timing of the first empty reading means and the shooting timing overlap. Shooting is possible without occurring.

前記第2の空読み手段の空読みトリガー信号は、被検体が撮影台に立っていることを検出するマットスイッチのオン動作信号であるので、特許文献1のように補正ボタンの押し忘れによる暗電流補正データの収集及び空読みが行われないということはなくなり、画質が悪化すると共に画質にばらつきが生じるという問題は生じない。   Since the idle reading trigger signal of the second idle reading means is an ON operation signal of the mat switch that detects that the subject is standing on the imaging table, it is dark due to forgetting to press the correction button as in Patent Document 1. Collection of current correction data and idle reading are not performed, and there is no problem that image quality deteriorates and image quality varies.

また、特許文献1のように、被検体の位置決め後に補正ボタンを押して補正データを収集すると、この収集の期間に被検体が位置決めした姿勢を維持できなくなって動いた場合は、再度位置決めをやり直さなければならなくなり、位置決めから撮影終了までの一連の処理に多くの時間を費やし、この結果、撮影スループットが低下する。
これに対して、本発明は、暗電流補正データの収集と空読みをタイマー(5秒間隔、2分間隔)とマットスイッチで自動的に行うので、上記の問題は生じない。
Also, as described in Patent Document 1, if correction data is collected by pressing the correction button after the subject is positioned, if the subject cannot maintain the positioned posture during this collection period and moves, the positioning must be performed again. As a result, a lot of time is spent on a series of processing from positioning to the end of photographing, and as a result, photographing throughput is lowered.
On the other hand, according to the present invention, the dark current correction data collection and idle reading are automatically performed by the timer (5-second interval, 2-minute interval) and the mat switch, and thus the above problem does not occur.

また、特許文献1の技術で問題となっていた補正スイッチを押すタイミングが撮影者によって異なること及び撮影者が同じでも補正スイッチを押すタイミングが撮影の都度異なることに起因する問題も本発明においては自動的に補正を行うので生じない。   Further, in the present invention, there is a problem that the timing of pressing the correction switch, which has been a problem in the technique of Patent Document 1, is different depending on the photographer and that the timing of pressing the correction switch is different for each shooting even when the photographer is the same. It does not occur because correction is performed automatically.

以上、図1の実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれに限定するものではなく、本発明の主旨に逸脱しない範囲で種々変更可能である。
例えば、空読み用トリガー信号にマットスイッチを用いたが、これは、X線検出部支持装置6のX線平面検出器5aを上下に移動させた時に動作するスイッチ、撮影台を昇降させた時に動作するスイッチ、天井吊りX線発生部支持装置4が上下、左右に移動したときに動作するスイッチ、X線管装置2の照射方向が移動したときに動作するスイッチ、X線可動絞り装置3の照射野ランプが点灯したときに動作するスイッチ等を設けて、これらの位置決め動作スイッチ信号をトリガー信号としても良い。
The embodiment of FIG. 1 has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, a mat switch was used for the idle reading trigger signal. This is a switch that operates when the X-ray flat panel detector 5a of the X-ray detector support device 6 is moved up and down. Switches that operate, switches that operate when the ceiling-suspended X-ray generator support device 4 moves up and down, left and right, switches that operate when the irradiation direction of the X-ray tube device 2 moves, and the X-ray movable diaphragm device 3 A switch that operates when the irradiation field lamp is turned on may be provided, and these positioning operation switch signals may be used as trigger signals.

なお、撮影台が臥位撮影台の場合は、被検体を載置する天板の上に載せるマットスイッチ、臥位撮影台が昇降するときに動作するスイッチ、X線平面検出器の位置決め時に動作するスイッチ及び上記立位撮影台と同様、天井吊りX線発生部支持装置4が上下、左右に移動したときに動作するスイッチ、X線管装置2の照射方向が移動したときに動作するスイッチ、X線可動絞り装置3の照射野ランプが点灯したときに動作するスイッチ等をトリガー信号とする。
その他、操作器がリモコンの場合はリモコンの操作信号をトリガー信号としたり、あるいはX線発生部に赤外センサを備えて、このセンサで被検体の赤外線エネルギーを検知してトリガー信号としても良い。
In addition, when the imaging table is a vertical imaging table, a mat switch placed on the top plate on which the subject is placed, a switch that operates when the vertical imaging table moves up and down, and operates when positioning the X-ray flat panel detector The switch that operates when the ceiling-suspended X-ray generator support device 4 moves up and down, left and right, the switch that operates when the irradiation direction of the X-ray tube device 2 moves, A switch or the like that operates when the irradiation field lamp of the X-ray movable diaphragm device 3 is turned on is used as a trigger signal.
In addition, when the operation device is a remote controller, an operation signal of the remote controller may be used as a trigger signal, or an infrared sensor may be provided in the X-ray generator, and the infrared energy of the subject may be detected by this sensor and used as a trigger signal.

このように、本発明の空読み用トリガー信号には、X線撮影系の位置決め(X線管2の照射方向及び位置、X線平面検出器5aの位置)、被検体の位置決め動作を検出できるもの(位置決め動作信号)であればどのような信号でも良く、特定のものに限定するものではない。   As described above, the idle reading trigger signal of the present invention can detect the positioning of the X-ray imaging system (the irradiation direction and position of the X-ray tube 2, the position of the X-ray flat detector 5a), and the positioning operation of the subject. Any signal (positioning operation signal) may be used, and the signal is not limited to a specific signal.

胸部撮影に本発明を適用したX線画像診断装置の全体構成図。1 is an overall configuration diagram of an X-ray image diagnostic apparatus in which the present invention is applied to chest radiography. 画像処理装置の構成ブロック図。1 is a configuration block diagram of an image processing apparatus. 本発明の動作を説明するためのフローチャート図。The flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 被検体、2 X線管装置、3 X線可動絞り装置、4 X線発生部支持装置、5 X線検出部、5a X線平面検出器、5b X線平面検出器制御装置、6 X線検出部支持装置、7 撮影台、8 マットスイッチ、9 X線高電圧装置、10 画像処理装置、10a 画像データ収集部、10b 暗電流補正データ収集部、10c 補正処理部、10d 画像処理部、10e 撮影画像データ記憶部、11 入力装置、12 表示装置 1 Subject, 2 X-ray tube device, 3 X-ray movable diaphragm device, 4 X-ray generator support device, 5 X-ray detector, 5a X-ray flat detector, 5b X-ray flat detector control device, 6 X-ray Detection unit support device, 7 imaging platform, 8 mat switch, 9 X-ray high voltage device, 10 image processing device, 10a image data collection unit, 10b dark current correction data collection unit, 10c correction processing unit, 10d image processing unit, 10e Captured image data storage unit, 11 input device, 12 display device

Claims (4)

被検体に照射するX線を発生するX線発生手段と、
このX線発生手段と対向配置され前記被検体を透過したX線信号を検出しこれを電気信号に変換するX線平面検出器によるX線検出手段と、
このX線検出手段によって暗電流補正データを収集する暗電流補正データ収集手段と、 前記収集された補正データを用いて前記X線検出手段の出力信号を補正する暗電流補正手段と、
この暗電流補正手段によって補正された信号を入力して画像処理を施し前記被検体のX線透過画像を生成する画像処理手段とを備えたX線画像診断装置であって、
前記暗電流補正データ収集手段は、撮影開始前に前記X線の放射無しに前記X線平面検出器の暗電流を第1の所定周期で読み出し制御する暗電流読み出し制御手段と、
この制御手段で読み出された暗電流の加算平均値を前記第1の所定周期毎に更新して記憶する記憶手段と、
前記暗電流補正データ収集後であって前記X線発生手段からのX線曝射開始前に前記X線平面検出器の出力を前記記憶手段に記憶することなしに読み出す空読み手段とを備えたことを特徴とするX線画像診断装置。
X-ray generation means for generating X-rays irradiated on the subject;
X-ray detection means by an X-ray flat panel detector that is arranged opposite to the X-ray generation means and detects an X-ray signal transmitted through the subject and converts it into an electrical signal;
Dark current correction data collection means for collecting dark current correction data by the X-ray detection means; dark current correction means for correcting an output signal of the X-ray detection means using the collected correction data;
An X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus comprising image processing means for inputting a signal corrected by the dark current correction means and performing image processing to generate an X-ray transmission image of the subject,
The dark current correction data collecting means includes a dark current read control means for reading and controlling the dark current of the X-ray flat panel detector at a first predetermined period without radiation of the X-rays before the start of imaging.
Storage means for updating and storing the addition average value of the dark current read by the control means for each of the first predetermined periods;
An empty reading means for reading out the output of the X-ray flat panel detector without storing it in the storage means after collecting the dark current correction data and before starting the X-ray exposure from the X-ray generation means. An X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus characterized by the above.
前記空読み手段は、第2の所定周期で空読みを行う第1の空読み手段と、撮影準備動作検出信号をトリガーとして空読みを行う第2の空読み手段と、この第2の空読み手段による空読みを前記第1の空読み手段よりも優先して空読みを行う空読み優先処理手段とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のX線画像診断装置。   The idle reading means includes a first idle reading means that performs idle reading at a second predetermined cycle, a second idle reading means that performs idle reading using a photographing preparation operation detection signal as a trigger, and the second idle reading. The X-ray image diagnosis apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising idle reading priority processing means for performing idle reading with priority over the first idle reading means. 前記第2の空読み手段の撮影準備動作検出信号は、前記X線発生手段とX線検出手段とから成るX線撮影系の位置決め動作信号及び/又は前記被検体の位置決め動作信号であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のX線画像診断装置。   The imaging preparation operation detection signal of the second idle reading means is an X-ray imaging positioning operation signal and / or a subject positioning operation signal comprising the X-ray generation means and the X-ray detection means. The X-ray image diagnostic apparatus according to claim 2, wherein 前記第2の空読み手段の撮影準備動作信号は、前記被検体を載置する載置台上に設けたマットスイッチの動作信号、又は、前記被検体を載置する載置台上の被検体の赤外線エネルギーを検知する任意の場所に設けた赤外線センサーの動作信号の何れか一方であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のX線画像診断装置。   The imaging preparation operation signal of the second idle reading means is an operation signal of a mat switch provided on the mounting table on which the subject is mounted, or infrared light of the subject on the mounting table on which the subject is mounted. The X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the X-ray diagnostic imaging apparatus is any one of operation signals of an infrared sensor provided at an arbitrary location for detecting energy.
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