JP2008025731A - Railway vehicle axle bearing - Google Patents

Railway vehicle axle bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2008025731A
JP2008025731A JP2006199531A JP2006199531A JP2008025731A JP 2008025731 A JP2008025731 A JP 2008025731A JP 2006199531 A JP2006199531 A JP 2006199531A JP 2006199531 A JP2006199531 A JP 2006199531A JP 2008025731 A JP2008025731 A JP 2008025731A
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Prior art keywords
bearing
end surface
face
axle bearing
railcar axle
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Japanese (ja)
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Shinichi Shirota
伸一 城田
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
    • F16C33/36—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces
    • F16C33/366—Tapered rollers, i.e. rollers generally shaped as truncated cones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6603—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with grease as lubricant
    • F16C33/6607—Retaining the grease in or near the bearing
    • F16C33/6614—Retaining the grease in or near the bearing in recesses or cavities provided in retainers, races or rolling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/10—Railway vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a railway vehicle axle bearing improved in manufacturing efficiency and reduced in cost, wherein a lubricant (grease) is stably and continuously supplied to areas in the bearing over a long period. <P>SOLUTION: The railway vehicle axle bearing comprises: bearing rings (an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 3) arranged opposing each other in a relatively rotatable manner for supporting an axle 13 of a railway vehicle; and a plurality of tapered rollers 5 rollingly incorporated between raceway surfaces 1s, 3s formed on the opposed faces of the bearing rings. The tapered rollers each have a tapered rolling surface 5m for rolling along the raceway surfaces; and circular end faces (a small diameter end face 5a and a large diameter end face 5b) formed on both sides of the rolling surface. One end face is formed with its diameter smaller than that of the other end face, and one end face is provided with at least one depressed portion 5g formed by depressing part thereof. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、軸受の潤滑性能を長期に亘って一定に維持することが可能な鉄道車両車軸用軸受に関する。   The present invention relates to a railway vehicle axle bearing capable of maintaining the lubrication performance of the bearing constant over a long period of time.

従来、鉄道車両車軸には、例えば特許文献１に開示されたような各種の円すいころ軸受が用いられている。その一例として図１(ａ)に示された円すいころ軸受は、相対回転可能に対向配置された軌道輪(内輪１、外輪３)と、内外輪1,3の対向面にそれぞれ周方向に連続して形成された軌道面1s,3s間に沿って転動自在に組み込まれた複数の転動体(円すいころ)５と、複数の円すいころ５を１つずつ回転自在に保持しながら、内外輪1,3間に沿って公転する保持器１１とが設けられている。なお、円すいころ５は、軌道面1s,3sに沿って転動する円すい形状を成す転動面５ｍと、転動面５ｍの両側にそれぞれ形成された円形の端面5a,5bとを備えており、一方の端面(小径端面)５ａは、他方の端面(大径端面)５ｂよりも小径に形成されている。   Conventionally, various types of tapered roller bearings as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 are used for railway vehicle axles. As an example, the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. 1 (a) is continuous in the circumferential direction on the facing surfaces of the bearing rings (inner ring 1, outer ring 3) and the inner and outer rings 1, 3 facing each other so as to be relatively rotatable. A plurality of rolling elements (conical rollers) 5 that are rotatably integrated along the raceway surfaces 1s and 3s formed in this manner, and inner and outer rings while holding the plurality of tapered rollers 5 one by one. A cage 11 is provided that revolves between 1 and 3. The tapered roller 5 includes a rolling surface 5m having a conical shape that rolls along the raceway surfaces 1s and 3s, and circular end surfaces 5a and 5b formed on both sides of the rolling surface 5m, respectively. The one end surface (small-diameter end surface) 5a is formed to have a smaller diameter than the other end surface (large-diameter end surface) 5b.

かかる軸受において、鉄道車両車軸(回転軸)１３には、２つの内輪１が背面同士を環状の間座１５に当て付けた状態で嵌合されており、これら２つの内輪１の外側に対向して単体(一体型)の外輪３がハウジング(図示しない)に嵌合されている。この場合、各内輪１の対向面には、円すいころ５の転動面５ｍの円すい形状に沿うように、間座１５側から離間する方向に沿って末広がり状に傾斜した環状の内輪軌道面１ｓが形成されており、一方、外輪３の対向面には、各内輪１の内輪軌道面１ｓに沿って傾斜した２つの環状の外輪軌道面３ｓが形成されている。   In such a bearing, two inner rings 1 are fitted to the railcar axle (rotating shaft) 13 with the back surfaces of the inner ring 1 abutting against an annular spacer 15 and face the outside of the two inner rings 1. A single (integrated) outer ring 3 is fitted in a housing (not shown). In this case, an annular inner ring raceway surface 1 s inclined in a divergent shape along the direction away from the spacer 15 side so as to follow the conical shape of the rolling surface 5 m of the tapered roller 5 is provided on the facing surface of each inner ring 1. On the other hand, two annular outer ring raceway surfaces 3 s inclined along the inner ring raceway surface 1 s of each inner ring 1 are formed on the opposing surface of the outer ring 3.

また、各内輪軌道面１ｓの両側には、当該軌道面1s,3sに沿って環状の鍔部7,9が突出されており、その突出端7e,9eの径寸法が相互に異なっている。具体的に説明すると、各内輪１において、間座１５側の鍔部７(以下、小径鍔部７という)は、比較的小径の突出端７ｅとなり、反間座１５側の突出端９ｅ(以下、大径鍔部９という)は、間座１５側の鍔部７よりも比較的大径の突出端９ｅとなっている。   Further, on both sides of each inner ring raceway surface 1s, annular flanges 7 and 9 are projected along the raceway surfaces 1s and 3s, and the diameters of the projecting ends 7e and 9e are different from each other. More specifically, in each inner ring 1, the flange portion 7 on the spacer 15 side (hereinafter referred to as the small diameter flange portion 7) becomes a relatively small diameter protruding end 7 e, and the protruding end 9 e on the counter spacer 15 side (hereinafter referred to as the “inner spacer 15”) The large-diameter flange 9) is a protruding end 9e having a relatively larger diameter than the flange 7 on the spacer 15 side.

更に、２つの内輪１の軸方向(アキシアル方向)両側には、それぞれ、環状の当接体(油切り部材１７、後蓋１９)が鉄道車両車軸(回転軸)１３に嵌合(外嵌)した状態で当接している。この場合、一方側(図１(ａ)中向って左側)の油切り部材(当接体)１７に対してエンドキャップ２１をアキシアル方向に当て付け、これを複数のキャップスクリュウ２３で車軸１３に締結することで、円すいころ軸受に所定の予圧を付与することができる。   Furthermore, on both sides in the axial direction (axial direction) of the two inner rings 1, annular contact bodies (oil draining member 17, rear cover 19) are fitted (externally fitted) to the railcar axle (rotating shaft) 13. Are in contact with each other. In this case, the end cap 21 is applied in the axial direction to the oil draining member (contact body) 17 on one side (the left side in FIG. 1A), and this is applied to the axle 13 by a plurality of cap screws 23. By fastening, a predetermined preload can be applied to the tapered roller bearing.

このような軸受において、鉄道車両車軸(回転軸)１３を回転させると、内外輪1,3が回転中心軸Ｑ回りに相対回転する間(軸受回転中)に、当該内外輪1,3の軌道面1s,3s間に保持器１１と共に組み込まれた複数の円すいころ５は、その両端面(小径端面５ａ、大径端面５ｂ)が各鍔部7,9の案内面7s,9sに保持・案内されながら軌道面1s,3sに沿って転動する。この場合、軸受回転中における潤滑性能を一定に維持するために、軸受内部には、潤滑剤(例えば、グリース)が軸受内部に封入されている。   In such a bearing, when the railcar axle (rotating shaft) 13 is rotated, the tracks of the inner and outer rings 1, 3 are rotated while the inner and outer rings 1, 3 are relatively rotated around the rotation center axis Q (while the bearing is rotating). The plurality of tapered rollers 5 incorporated together with the retainer 11 between the surfaces 1 s and 3 s are held and guided by the guide surfaces 7 s and 9 s of the flange portions 7 and 9 at both end surfaces (small diameter end surface 5 a and large diameter end surface 5 b). While rolling, it rolls along the raceway surfaces 1s and 3s. In this case, in order to keep the lubrication performance constant during rotation of the bearing, a lubricant (for example, grease) is sealed inside the bearing.

また、内外輪1,3の両側には、軸受内部を軸受外部から密封するための密封機構が設けられており、これにより、潤滑剤(グリース)の軸受外部への漏洩防止と共に、異物(例えば、水、塵埃)の軸受内部への浸入防止が図られている。かかる密封機構は、基端部２５ｅが外輪３に固定され、その先端部２５ｔが当接体(油切り部材１７、後蓋１９)に非接触状態に位置決めされた環状のシールケース２５と、当該シールケース２５と当接体17,19との間に介在された密封部材２７とを備えている。なお、シールケース２５は、基端部２５ｅから軸受内部を覆うように先端部２５ｔに向けて延出されており、先端部２５ｔと当接体17,19との間には、ラビリンス(狭いすきま)が構成されている。   In addition, on both sides of the inner and outer rings 1 and 3, a sealing mechanism is provided for sealing the inside of the bearing from the outside of the bearing, thereby preventing leakage of lubricant (grease) to the outside of the bearing and foreign matters (for example, , Water, dust) is prevented from entering the bearing. Such a sealing mechanism includes an annular seal case 25 in which a base end portion 25e is fixed to the outer ring 3 and a distal end portion 25t thereof is positioned in a non-contact state with the contact body (the oil draining member 17, the rear lid 19). A sealing member 27 interposed between the seal case 25 and the contact bodies 17 and 19 is provided. The seal case 25 extends from the base end portion 25e toward the tip end portion 25t so as to cover the inside of the bearing, and a labyrinth (narrow clearance) is provided between the tip end portion 25t and the contact bodies 17 and 19. ) Is configured.

このような密封機構によれば、シールケース２５と密封部材２７との構成が相互に組合されることで軸受内部の密封性が高められ、軸受回転中における潤滑性能が一定に維持されている。このとき、内外輪1,3間に保持器１１と共に組み込まれた複数の円すいころ５は、保持器１１により１つずつ回転自在に保持されながら、同時に潤滑剤(グリース)により保持器１１や軌道面1s,3sとの間の摩擦抵抗が低減されつつ軌道面1s,3sに沿って転動する。   According to such a sealing mechanism, the sealing case 25 and the sealing member 27 are combined with each other to improve the sealing performance inside the bearing, and the lubrication performance during rotation of the bearing is maintained constant. At this time, the plurality of tapered rollers 5 incorporated together with the cage 11 between the inner and outer rings 1 and 3 are rotatably held by the cage 11 one by one, and at the same time, the cage 11 and the track by the lubricant (grease). Rolling along the raceway surfaces 1s and 3s while reducing frictional resistance between the surfaces 1s and 3s.

ところで、上述したような鉄道車両車軸用軸受には、長期間(例えば、連続走行距離で１２０万ｋｍ)に亘ってメンテナンスフリー(非分解)の要求がされている。かかる要求を満足するためには、軸受内部の各部位(特に、円すいころ５と保持器１１及び内外輪1,3の軌道面1s,3sとの摺接箇所、鍔部９の案内面９ｓ)に長期に亘って安定して潤滑剤(グリース)を供給し続けることが不可欠となる。   By the way, the railway vehicle axle bearings as described above are required to be maintenance-free (non-disassembled) for a long period of time (for example, 1.2 million km in continuous travel distance). In order to satisfy such a requirement, each part in the bearing (particularly, the sliding contact point between the tapered roller 5, the cage 11, and the raceway surfaces 1s, 3s of the inner and outer rings 1, 3 and the guide surface 9s of the flange 9). It is indispensable to continuously supply the lubricant (grease) stably over a long period of time.

このため、例えば特許文献２には、円すいころの小径端面に凹部を形成し、当該凹部に潤滑剤を充填する技術が提案されている。また、例えば特許文献３には、円すいころの小径端面に凹部(又は、貫通孔)を形成し、ここに充填した固形潤滑剤を露出させた技術が提案されている。   For this reason, for example, Patent Document 2 proposes a technique in which a concave portion is formed on a small-diameter end face of a tapered roller and the concave portion is filled with a lubricant. For example, Patent Document 3 proposes a technique in which a concave portion (or a through hole) is formed on a small diameter end face of a tapered roller and a solid lubricant filled therein is exposed.

しかしながら、特許文献２,３の技術では、潤滑剤を充填するための凹部を比較的深く形成しなければならないと共に、当該凹部の形成方向も内外輪間に組み込まれる円すいころの傾斜方向を考慮しなければならない。この場合、凹部の加工に手間と時間がかかるため、円すいころの製造効率が低下すると共に、当該円すいころの製造コストが上昇してしまう。これは、複数の円すいころを組み込んだ軸受全体の製造効率の低下や製造コストの大幅な上昇につながる結果となる。更に、特許文献２,３の技術では、凹部を比較的深く形成する必要上、その深さの程度によっては、円すいころ自体の強度が低下してしまう場合がある。   However, in the techniques of Patent Documents 2 and 3, the concave portion for filling the lubricant must be formed relatively deeply, and the direction of the concave portion is also considered in consideration of the inclination direction of the tapered roller incorporated between the inner and outer rings. There must be. In this case, since it takes time and effort to process the concave portion, the manufacturing efficiency of the tapered roller is lowered, and the manufacturing cost of the tapered roller is increased. This results in a decrease in manufacturing efficiency of the entire bearing incorporating a plurality of tapered rollers and a significant increase in manufacturing cost. Furthermore, in the techniques of Patent Documents 2 and 3, since the concave portion needs to be formed relatively deep, the strength of the tapered roller itself may be reduced depending on the depth.

そこで、軸受内部の各部位に長期に亘って安定して潤滑剤(グリース)を供給し続けることが可能な製造効率に優れた低コストの鉄道車両車軸用軸受の開発が望まれているが、現在そのような軸受は知られていない。
特開平２００２−１３９０５４号公報 特許第３４９５０７７号公報 実開平７−１４２２２号公報 Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a low-cost railway vehicle axle bearing with excellent manufacturing efficiency that can stably supply lubricant (grease) to each part inside the bearing over a long period of time. At present, such a bearing is not known.
JP-A-2002-139054 Japanese Patent No. 3495077 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-14222

本発明は、このような要望に応えるためになされており、その目的は、軸受内部の各部位に長期に亘って安定して潤滑剤(グリース)を供給し続けることが可能な製造効率に優れた低コストの鉄道車両車軸用軸受を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in order to meet such a demand, and its purpose is excellent in manufacturing efficiency capable of continuously supplying a lubricant (grease) to each part inside the bearing for a long period of time. Another object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost railcar axle bearing.

かかる目的を達成するために、本発明は、互いに相対回転可能に対向配置され且つ鉄道車両の車軸を支持する軌道輪と、軌道輪の対向面にそれぞれ形成された軌道面間に転動自在に組み込まれた複数の円すいころとを備えた鉄道車両車軸用軸受であって、円すいころは、軌道面に沿って転動する円すい形状を成す転動面と、転動面の両側にそれぞれ形成された円形の端面とを備えており、一方の端面は、他方の端面よりも小径に形成されていると共に、当該一方の端面には、その一部を窪ませて形成した少なくとも１つの窪み部が設けられている。この場合、窪み部は、潤滑剤を収容して保持可能に構成されている。   In order to achieve such an object, the present invention is configured to freely roll between a raceway that is disposed so as to be relatively rotatable with respect to each other and supports an axle of a railway vehicle, and a raceway surface formed on an opposite surface of the raceway. A rolling stock axle bearing having a plurality of tapered rollers incorporated therein, and the tapered rollers are respectively formed on a rolling surface having a conical shape that rolls along the raceway surface and on both sides of the rolling surface. The one end surface is formed to have a smaller diameter than the other end surface, and at least one indented portion formed by recessing a part of the one end surface is formed on the one end surface. Is provided. In this case, the recess is configured to accommodate and hold the lubricant.

このような発明において、窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面の中心から外径方向に向って同心円状に配列されていると共に、それぞれ周方向に沿って連続して形成されている。この場合、窪み部をそれぞれ周方向に沿って所定間隔で断続して形成しても良い。また、窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面の中心から外径方向に向って螺旋状に連続して形成されている。この場合、窪み部を所定間隔で断続して形成しても良い。また、窪み部を円形を成す一方の端面上に点在させても良い。更に、窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面上を横断する方向に延在している。この場合、一方の端面上を横断する方向に延在している窪み部は、互いに平行に配置しても良いし、或いは、互いに交差して配置しても良い。   In such an invention, the recesses are arranged concentrically from the center of one end surface forming a circle toward the outer diameter direction, and are continuously formed along the circumferential direction. In this case, the recesses may be formed intermittently at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. Moreover, the hollow part is continuously formed in a spiral shape from the center of one end surface forming a circle toward the outer diameter direction. In this case, the depressions may be formed intermittently at a predetermined interval. Moreover, you may make a hollow part interspersed on one end surface which comprises circular. Further, the recess extends in a direction crossing over one end surface forming a circle. In this case, the recesses extending in the direction crossing one of the end faces may be arranged in parallel to each other, or may be arranged to cross each other.

本発明によれば、円すいころの一方の端面に窪み部を設け、潤滑剤を収容して保持させることで、軸受内部の各部位に長期に亘って安定して潤滑剤(グリース)を供給し続けることが可能な製造効率に優れた低コストの鉄道車両車軸用軸受を実現することができる。   According to the present invention, a concave portion is provided on one end face of the tapered roller, and the lubricant is accommodated and held, so that the lubricant (grease) can be stably supplied to each part inside the bearing for a long time. It is possible to realize a low-cost railway vehicle axle bearing with excellent manufacturing efficiency that can be continued.

以下、本発明の一実施の形態に係る鉄道車両車軸用軸受について、添付図面を参照して説明する。なお、本実施の形態は、上述した鉄道車両車軸用軸受(図１(ａ))の円すいころ５の改良であるため、以下では改良部分の説明にとどめる。   Hereinafter, a railway vehicle axle bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Since the present embodiment is an improvement of the tapered roller 5 of the above-described railway vehicle axle bearing (FIG. 1 (a)), only the improved portion will be described below.

図１(ｂ)に示すように、鉄道車両車軸用軸受装置の円すいころ５において、小径端面５ａには、その一部を窪ませて形成した複数の窪み部５ｇが設けられている。この場合、複数の窪み部５ｇは、潤滑剤(グリース)を収容して保持可能に構成されている。なお、図面上において、潤滑剤(グリース)は特に図示しない。   As shown in FIG.1 (b), in the tapered roller 5 of the bearing apparatus for railway vehicle axles, the small diameter end surface 5a is provided with a plurality of recess portions 5g formed by recessing a part thereof. In this case, the plurality of depressions 5g are configured to accommodate and hold a lubricant (grease). In the drawing, the lubricant (grease) is not particularly shown.

以上、本実施の形態によれば、各窪み部５ｇは、従来に比べて比較的簡単に形成することができる。例えば円すいころ５製造時にプレス加工で小径端面５ａに複数の窪み部５ｇを形成した後、バレル加工により各窪み部５ｇのエッジを丸めるだけで、潤滑剤(グリース)の収容・保持性に優れた窪み部５ｇを完成させることができる。この場合、各窪み部５ｇの形成方向については、従来のように内外輪1,3間に組み込まれる円すいころ５の傾斜方向を考慮する必要は無い。   As mentioned above, according to this Embodiment, each hollow part 5g can be formed comparatively easily compared with the past. For example, after forming a plurality of recesses 5g on the small-diameter end face 5a by press working at the time of manufacturing the tapered roller 5, simply by rounding the edge of each recess 5g by barrel processing, the lubricant (grease) can be stored and retained. The recessed portion 5g can be completed. In this case, it is not necessary to consider the inclination direction of the tapered rollers 5 incorporated between the inner and outer rings 1 and 3 as in the prior art with respect to the formation direction of each recess 5g.

この結果、複数の窪み部５ｇの加工に手間と時間がかからないため、円すいころ５の製造効率を向上させることができると共に、当該円すいころ５の製造コストを低減させることができる。これにより、複数の円すいころ５を組み込んだ軸受全体の製造効率の向上並びに製造コストの大幅な削減を実現することができる。更に、各窪み部５ｇは、比較的浅く形成しても潤滑剤(グリース)の収容・保持性に影響は無いため、円すいころ５自体の強度が低下することは無い。   As a result, since it does not take time and effort to process the plurality of recessed portions 5g, the manufacturing efficiency of the tapered roller 5 can be improved and the manufacturing cost of the tapered roller 5 can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to improve the manufacturing efficiency of the entire bearing incorporating the plurality of tapered rollers 5 and significantly reduce the manufacturing cost. Furthermore, even if each recess 5g is formed to be relatively shallow, there is no effect on the accommodation and retention of the lubricant (grease), so the strength of the tapered roller 5 itself does not decrease.

また、本実施の形態によれば、小径端面５ａに複数の窪み部５ｇに収容・保持された潤滑剤(グリース)は、軸受回転中における遠心力の作用を受けることで、当該円すいころ５の転動面５ｍから大径端面５ｂ方向へ徐々に移動することになる。この場合、円すいころ５の全体表面は、常に潤滑剤(グリース)で覆われた湿潤状態に維持されるため、軸受内部の各部位(特に、円すいころ５と保持器１１及び内外輪1,3の軌道面1s,3sとの摺接箇所、鍔部９の案内面９ｓ)に長期に亘って安定して潤滑剤(グリース)を供給し続けることができる。同時に、円すいころ５と保持器１１及び内外輪1,3の軌道面1s,3s、鍔部９の案内面９ｓとの間の摩耗や摩損などの発生を低減させることができる。これにより、摩耗粉などによる潤滑剤(グリース)の潤滑性能の低下を抑制することが可能となり、その結果、長期間(例えば、連続走行距離で１２０万ｋｍ)に亘ってメンテナンスフリー(非分解)の要求を満足する鉄道車両車軸用軸受を実現することができる。   Further, according to the present embodiment, the lubricant (grease) accommodated and held in the plurality of depressions 5g on the small-diameter end surface 5a is subjected to the centrifugal force during the rotation of the bearing, whereby the tapered roller 5 It gradually moves from the rolling surface 5m toward the large-diameter end surface 5b. In this case, since the entire surface of the tapered roller 5 is always maintained in a wet state covered with a lubricant (grease), each part inside the bearing (particularly, the tapered roller 5 and the cage 11 and the inner and outer rings 1, 3). The lubricant (grease) can be continuously supplied over a long period of time to the sliding contact portions with the raceway surfaces 1 s and 3 s and the guide surface 9 s of the flange portion 9. At the same time, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of wear or wear between the tapered roller 5, the cage 11, the raceway surfaces 1s, 3s of the inner and outer rings 1, 3, and the guide surface 9s of the flange 9. As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the lubrication performance of the lubricant (grease) due to wear powder, etc., and as a result, maintenance-free (non-decomposition) over a long period (for example, 1.2 million km at continuous running distance) It is possible to realize a railway vehicle axle bearing that satisfies the above requirements.

なお、上述した実施の形態において、複数の窪み部５ｇの深さや大きさについては特に言及しなかったが、これは例えば潤滑剤(グリース)の種類や、円すいころ５の形状及び大きさに応じて任意に設定されるため、ここでは特に数値限定はしない。また、複数の窪み部５ｇの形状については、各窪み部５ｇに潤滑剤(グリース)を安定して収容・保持できるような形状であれば特に限定されることは無いが、以下に一例を挙げる。   In the above-described embodiment, the depth and size of the plurality of recesses 5g are not particularly mentioned, but this depends on the type of lubricant (grease) and the shape and size of the tapered roller 5, for example. Therefore, the numerical value is not particularly limited here. The shape of the plurality of recesses 5g is not particularly limited as long as it is a shape that can stably store and hold the lubricant (grease) in each recess 5g, but an example is given below. .

第１の構成例として、図１(ｃ)に示された窪み部５ｇは、小径端面５ａの中心から外径方向に向って同心円状に配列されていると共に、それぞれ周方向に沿って連続して形成されている。この場合、窪み部５ｇ相互の径方向ピッチや窪み部５ｇの幅は、例えば潤滑剤(グリース)の種類や、円すいころ５の形状及び大きさに応じて任意に設定されるため、ここでは特に限定しない。なお、同図では、窪み部５ｇのレイアウトを分かり易くするために、ハッチングを施したが、これは断面を示すものでは無い。   As a first configuration example, the recessed portions 5g shown in FIG. 1C are arranged concentrically from the center of the small-diameter end surface 5a toward the outer diameter direction, and are continuous along the circumferential direction. Is formed. In this case, the radial pitch between the recesses 5g and the width of the recesses 5g are arbitrarily set according to, for example, the type of lubricant (grease) and the shape and size of the tapered roller 5, and are particularly here. Not limited. In addition, in the same figure, although hatching was performed in order to make the layout of the hollow part 5g easy to understand, this does not show a cross section.

第２の構成例として、図１(ｄ)に示された窪み部５ｇは、小径端面５ａの中心から外径方向に向って同心円状に配列されていると共に、それぞれ周方向に沿って所定間隔で断続して形成されている。この場合、窪み部５ｇ相互の周方向ピッチや窪み部５ｇの幅は、例えば潤滑剤(グリース)の種類や、円すいころ５の形状及び大きさに応じて任意に設定されるため、ここでは特に限定しない。なお、同図では、窪み部５ｇのレイアウトを分かり易くするために、ハッチングを施したが、これは断面を示すものでは無い。   As a second configuration example, the recessed portions 5g shown in FIG. 1 (d) are arranged concentrically from the center of the small-diameter end surface 5a toward the outer diameter direction, and each has a predetermined interval along the circumferential direction. It is formed intermittently. In this case, the circumferential pitch between the recesses 5g and the width of the recesses 5g are arbitrarily set according to, for example, the type of lubricant (grease) and the shape and size of the tapered roller 5, and are particularly here. Not limited. In addition, in the same figure, although hatching was performed in order to make the layout of the hollow part 5g easy to understand, this does not show a cross section.

第３の構成例として、図２(ａ)に示された窪み部５ｇは、小径端面５ａの中心から外径方向に向って螺旋状に連続して形成されている。この場合、窪み部５ｇの螺旋ピッチや巻き数並びに窪み部５ｇの幅は、例えば潤滑剤(グリース)の種類や、円すいころ５の形状及び大きさに応じて任意に設定されるため、ここでは特に限定しない。   As a third configuration example, the recessed portion 5g shown in FIG. 2A is continuously formed in a spiral shape from the center of the small-diameter end surface 5a toward the outer diameter direction. In this case, the helical pitch and the number of turns of the recess portion 5g and the width of the recess portion 5g are arbitrarily set according to, for example, the type of lubricant (grease) and the shape and size of the tapered roller 5, so here There is no particular limitation.

第４の構成例として、図２(ｂ)に示された窪み部５ｇは、小径端面５ａの中心から外径方向に向って螺旋状に且つ所定間隔で断続して形成されている。この場合、窪み部５ｇ相互の螺旋方向ピッチや窪み部５ｇの幅は、例えば潤滑剤(グリース)の種類や、円すいころ５の形状及び大きさに応じて任意に設定されるため、ここでは特に限定しない。   As a fourth configuration example, the recess 5g shown in FIG. 2 (b) is formed intermittently at a predetermined interval spirally from the center of the small-diameter end surface 5a toward the outer diameter direction. In this case, the helical pitch between the recesses 5g and the width of the recesses 5g are arbitrarily set according to, for example, the type of lubricant (grease) and the shape and size of the tapered rollers 5, and are particularly here. Not limited.

第５の構成例として、図２(ｃ)に示された窪み部５ｇは、小径端面５ａ上に点在している。この場合、図面上では、円形の窪み部５ｇを点在させているが、これに代えて、四角形、三角形、楕円形など各種の形状を適用することができる。また、これら各種の形状を任意に組み合わせて点在させても良い。なお、窪み部５ｇの点在数や点在ピッチ並びに大きさは、例えば潤滑剤(グリース)の種類や、円すいころ５の形状及び大きさに応じて任意に設定されるため、ここでは特に限定しない。   As a fifth configuration example, the recessed portions 5g shown in FIG. 2C are scattered on the small-diameter end surface 5a. In this case, the circular depressions 5g are dotted on the drawing, but various shapes such as a quadrangle, a triangle, and an ellipse can be applied instead. Further, these various shapes may be interspersed by arbitrarily combining them. In addition, since the number of scattered portions, the scattered pitch, and the size of the hollow portions 5g are arbitrarily set according to, for example, the type of lubricant (grease) and the shape and size of the tapered roller 5, there are no particular restrictions here. do not do.

第６の構成例として、図２(ｄ),(ｅ)に示された窪み部５ｇは、小径端面５ａ上を横断する方向に延在している。この場合、窪み部５ｇを互いに平行に配置させても良いし(同図(ｄ))、窪み部５ｇを互いに交差して配置させても良い(同図(ｅ))。この場合、窪み部５ｇ相互のピッチや窪み部５ｇの幅は、例えば潤滑剤(グリース)の種類や、円すいころ５の形状及び大きさに応じて任意に設定されるため、ここでは特に限定しない。   As a sixth configuration example, the recess 5g shown in FIGS. 2D and 2E extends in a direction transverse to the small diameter end surface 5a. In this case, the recessed portions 5g may be arranged in parallel to each other (FIG. (D)), or the recessed portions 5g may be arranged so as to cross each other (FIG. (E)). In this case, the pitch between the recesses 5g and the width of the recesses 5g are arbitrarily set according to, for example, the type of lubricant (grease) and the shape and size of the tapered roller 5, and are not particularly limited here. .

(ａ)は、鉄道車両車軸用軸受装置の全体の構成を示す断面図、(ｂ)は、本発明の一実施の形態に係る鉄道車両車軸用軸受装置の改良部分(円すいころ)の構成を拡大して示す図、(ｃ)は、第１の構成例に係る窪み部の平面図、(ｄ)は、第２の構成例に係る窪み部の平面図。(a) is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the bearing apparatus for railway vehicle axles, (b) is the structure of the improvement part (tapered roller) of the bearing apparatus for railway vehicle axles concerning one embodiment of this invention. The figure shown expanded, (c) is a top view of the hollow part which concerns on a 1st structural example, (d) is a top view of the hollow part which concerns on a 2nd structural example. (ａ)は、第３の構成例に係る窪み部の平面図、(ｂ)は、第４の構成例に係る窪み部の平面図、(ｃ)は、第５の構成例に係る窪み部の平面図、(ｄ)は、第６の構成例において、互いに平行に配置された窪み部の平面図、(ｅ)は、第６の構成例において、互いに交差して配置された窪み部の平面図。(a) is a top view of the hollow part which concerns on a 3rd structural example, (b) is a top view of the hollow part which concerns on a 4th structural example, (c) is a hollow part which concerns on a 5th structural example. (D) is a plan view of the depressions arranged in parallel to each other in the sixth configuration example, and (e) is a drawing of the depressions arranged to cross each other in the sixth arrangement example. Plan view.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 内輪
１ｓ 内輪軌道面
３ 外輪
３ｓ 外輪軌道面
５ 円すいころ
５ａ 小径端面
５ｂ 大径端面
５ｇ 窪み部
５ｍ 転動面
１３ 車軸
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Inner ring 1s Inner ring raceway surface 3 Outer ring 3s Outer ring raceway surface 5 Tapered roller 5a Small diameter end surface 5b Large diameter end surface 5g Recessed portion 5m Rolling surface 13 Axle

Claims (10)

互いに相対回転可能に対向配置され且つ鉄道車両の車軸を支持する軌道輪と、軌道輪の対向面にそれぞれ形成された軌道面間に転動自在に組み込まれた複数の円すいころとを備えた鉄道車両車軸用軸受であって、
円すいころは、軌道面に沿って転動する円すい形状を成す転動面と、転動面の両側にそれぞれ形成された円形の端面とを備えており、
一方の端面は、他方の端面よりも小径に形成されていると共に、当該一方の端面には、その一部を窪ませて形成した少なくとも１つの窪み部が設けられていることを特徴とする鉄道車両車軸用軸受。 A railroad provided with a raceway which is opposed to each other so as to be rotatable relative to each other and supports an axle of the railroad vehicle, and a plurality of tapered rollers which are rotatably incorporated between raceway surfaces formed on opposite surfaces of the raceway. A vehicle axle bearing,
The tapered roller includes a rolling surface having a conical shape that rolls along the raceway surface, and circular end surfaces formed on both sides of the rolling surface,
One end surface is formed with a smaller diameter than the other end surface, and the one end surface is provided with at least one recess formed by recessing a part thereof. Bearings for vehicle axles. 窪み部は、潤滑剤を収容して保持可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。   The railcar axle bearing according to claim 1, wherein the recess is configured to be able to receive and hold a lubricant. 窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面の中心から外径方向に向って同心円状に配列されていると共に、それぞれ周方向に沿って連続して形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。   The indentations are arranged concentrically from the center of one end face forming a circle in the outer diameter direction, and are continuously formed along the circumferential direction, respectively. The railcar axle bearing according to 2. 窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面の中心から外径方向に向って同心円状に配列されていると共に、それぞれ周方向に沿って所定間隔で断続して形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。   The recesses are arranged concentrically from the center of one end surface forming a circle in the outer diameter direction, and are formed intermittently at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. Item 3. A railcar axle bearing according to item 1 or 2. 窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面の中心から外径方向に向って螺旋状に連続して形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。   The bearing for a railcar axle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hollow portion is continuously formed in a spiral shape from the center of one end surface forming a circle toward the outer diameter direction. 窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面の中心から外径方向に向って螺旋状に且つ所定間隔で断続して形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。   3. The railcar axle according to claim 1, wherein the hollow portion is formed by being intermittently formed at a predetermined interval in a spiral shape from the center of one end surface forming a circle toward an outer diameter direction. 4. bearing. 窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面上に点在していることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。   The bearing for a railcar axle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the depressions are scattered on one end face forming a circle. 窪み部は、円形を成す一方の端面上を横断する方向に延在していることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。   The railcar axle bearing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hollow portion extends in a direction transverse to one end face forming a circular shape. 一方の端面上を横断する方向に延在している窪み部は、互いに平行に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項８に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。   9. The railcar axle bearing according to claim 8, wherein the recesses extending in a direction crossing one of the end faces are arranged in parallel to each other. 一方の端面上を横断する方向に延在している窪み部は、互いに交差して配置されていることを特徴とする請求項８に記載の鉄道車両車軸用軸受。
9. The railcar axle bearing according to claim 8, wherein the recesses extending in a direction transverse to one end face are arranged so as to intersect each other.
JP2006199531A 2006-07-21 2006-07-21 Railway vehicle axle bearing Pending JP2008025731A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112128231A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-25 宁波达克轴承有限公司 Retainer of cylindrical roller bearing and use method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112128231A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-25 宁波达克轴承有限公司 Retainer of cylindrical roller bearing and use method thereof
CN112128231B (en) * 2020-09-22 2022-04-08 宁波达克轴承有限公司 Retainer of cylindrical roller bearing and use method thereof

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