JP2007312676A - Solid fermentation apparatus - Google Patents

Solid fermentation apparatus Download PDF

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JP2007312676A
JP2007312676A JP2006145587A JP2006145587A JP2007312676A JP 2007312676 A JP2007312676 A JP 2007312676A JP 2006145587 A JP2006145587 A JP 2006145587A JP 2006145587 A JP2006145587 A JP 2006145587A JP 2007312676 A JP2007312676 A JP 2007312676A
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fermentation
fermented
weight
fermentation vessel
water
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Masayoshi Sakuma
正芳 佐久間
Takuma Goshima
琢磨 五嶋
Makoto Ito
伊藤　　誠
Takashi Yonezawa
岳志 米澤
Takeshi Noguchi
雄志 野口
Yutaka Nakabashi
裕 中橋
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Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd
Suntory Ltd
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Suntory Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/30—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration
    • C12M41/34—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration of gas

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid fermentation apparatus that has the fast-response, the reliability, and the durability in the moisture control of the materials to be fermented. <P>SOLUTION: The solid fermentation apparatus is equipped with the fermentation vessel 10 for fermenting solid material to be fermented 12, the load cell 30 that can measure the weight of the fermentation vessel 10 including the material to be fermented 12, the water-feeding pipe 24 for feeding moisture to the material to be fermented in the fermentation vessel 10, and the controller 34 for controlling the amount of moist fed from the feeding pipe 24 so that the change of the weight with passage of time of the calculated material to be fermented may coincide to the previously set goal line on the basis of the change of the weight with the passage of the time measured by the load cell 30. The controller 34 adjusts the moisture to be fed from the water-feeding pipe 24 based on the weight of the fermentation vessel measured by the load cell as the agitator 22 is stopped. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は固体醗酵装置に係り、特に水分補給手段を備えた固体醗酵装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a solid fermentation apparatus, and more particularly to a solid fermentation apparatus provided with a moisture replenishing means.

固体醗酵装置は、醗酵室又は醗酵容器（以下、両者を代表して醗酵容器という。）内に収容した被醗酵物である有機固体原料を醗酵菌の醗酵作用によって生分解し、付加価値の高い固体有用物に変質させる装置として多用されている。特許文献１にはこの種の固体醗酵装置として厨芥処理機が記載されている。   A solid fermentation apparatus biodegrades an organic solid raw material, which is a fermented product, contained in a fermentation chamber or a fermentation vessel (hereinafter referred to as a fermentation vessel on behalf of both) by the fermentation action of the fermentation bacteria, and has high added value. It is widely used as a device for transforming into useful solid materials. Patent Document 1 describes a koji processing machine as this type of solid fermentation apparatus.

固体醗酵装置では被醗酵物の温度管理と水分管理が重要であり、醗酵の各段階で被醗酵物の醗酵，熟成に適した温度，湿度環境を維持することが、処理効率や最終醗酵品の品質を向上させるための決め手となる。このため、通常の固体醗酵装置は被醗酵物の温度や水分を適正に維持するための加熱手段や水分補給手段を備えている。特許文献１にも被醗酵物である厨芥の温度を３０〜４０℃に維持する加熱手段と、水分率を４０〜７０％に維持する加水手段を備えた構成が開示されている。   In solid-state fermentation equipment, temperature control and moisture management of the fermented product are important, and maintaining the temperature and humidity environment suitable for fermentation and aging of the fermented product at each stage of fermentation is necessary for the processing efficiency and final fermented product. It is a decisive factor for improving quality. For this reason, the normal solid fermentation apparatus is equipped with a heating means and a moisture replenishing means for maintaining the temperature and moisture of the fermented product appropriately. Patent Document 1 also discloses a configuration including a heating unit that maintains the temperature of the koji, which is a fermented product, at 30 to 40 ° C., and a water unit that maintains the moisture content at 40 to 70%.

固体醗酵装置では一般に好気性醗酵が行われるため、醗酵容器は外部空気（酸素）を取り込み易いように外気開放型のものが多く採用されている。したがって、処理効率を向上させるべく加熱手段によって被醗酵物を加熱し、被醗酵物の温度を常温よりも十分に高い温度に保持すると、被醗酵物に含まれる水分が蒸発し、外部に逸散する。このため、被醗酵物は乾燥し易い環境下に置かれる。   In general, an aerobic fermentation is performed in a solid fermentation apparatus, and therefore, a fermentation vessel is often used that is open to the outside so that external air (oxygen) can be easily taken in. Therefore, when the fermented product is heated by heating means to improve the processing efficiency and the temperature of the fermented product is kept at a temperature sufficiently higher than room temperature, the water contained in the fermented product evaporates and dissipates outside. To do. For this reason, the fermented material is placed in an environment that is easily dried.

従来、このような乾燥し易い環境下にある被醗酵物の水分を適正値に管理する方法として、主に２通りの方法が行われている。第１の方法は運転員が醗酵容器に収容されている被醗酵物を定期的にサンプリングし、その水分量を分析する。そして分析結果に基づいて、醗酵容器に補給する水分量を算定し水分補給手段の作動条件を手動で調整する。第２の方法は醗酵容器内に被醗酵物の水分量を直接に検出可能な水分センサを設置する。そして水分センサの検出結果に基づいて醗酵容器に補給する水分量を演算し、水分補給手段の作動条件を自動的に制御する。
特開平２００２−３６１２１８号公報 Conventionally, two methods are mainly performed as a method of managing the water content of the fermented product in such an easy-to-dry environment to an appropriate value. In the first method, the operator periodically samples the fermented material stored in the fermentation vessel and analyzes the water content. Based on the analysis result, the amount of water supplied to the fermentation vessel is calculated, and the operating conditions of the water supply means are adjusted manually. A 2nd method installs the moisture sensor which can detect the moisture content of a to-be-fermented substance directly in a fermentation container. Based on the detection result of the moisture sensor, the amount of moisture to be replenished to the fermentation vessel is calculated, and the operating condition of the moisture replenishing means is automatically controlled.
JP-A-2002-361218

しかしながら、水分管理に関する上記第１の方法は運転員の負担が大きい。また、サンプリングと分析に時間がかかるので装置管理上の即応性に欠けるという欠点がある。また、上記第２の方法は信頼性と耐久性を備えた水分センサの設置が難しいという欠点がある。特許文献１には電極式の水分センサが開示されているが検出精度が十分ではない。また、水分センサは設置点に存在したごく一部の被醗酵物の水分量を検出するにすぎない。このため、醗酵容器に収容された全量の被醗酵物の平均水分量を把握するためには、多数の水分センサを配置しなければならない場合があり、技術的、経済的な負担が大きい。さらに、醗酵容器に収容された被醗酵物は常に攪拌状態に置かれている場合が多く、このような過酷な条件に長期間にわたって耐える水分センサは現時点では見当たらない。
本発明の目的は上記従来技術の欠点を解消し、被醗酵物の水分管理に即応性と信頼性と耐久性を兼ね備えた固体醗酵装置を提供することにある。 However, the first method relating to moisture management places a heavy burden on the operator. In addition, since sampling and analysis take time, there is a drawback that the responsiveness in device management is lacking. Further, the second method has a drawback that it is difficult to install a moisture sensor having reliability and durability. Patent Document 1 discloses an electrode-type moisture sensor, but the detection accuracy is not sufficient. In addition, the moisture sensor only detects the moisture content of a small part of the fermented material present at the installation point. For this reason, in order to grasp | ascertain the average moisture content of the to-be-fermented substance of the whole quantity accommodated in the fermentation container, many moisture sensors may have to be arrange | positioned, and a technical and economical burden is large. Furthermore, the fermented material accommodated in the fermentation vessel is often kept in a stirring state at all times, and there is no moisture sensor that can withstand such severe conditions for a long time.
An object of the present invention is to provide a solid state fermentation apparatus that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and has quick response, reliability, and durability for moisture management of the fermented product.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る固体醗酵装置は、内部に収容した固体状の被醗酵物を醗酵させる醗酵容器と、前記被醗酵物を収容した状態で前記醗酵容器の重量を計測可能なロードセルと、前記醗酵容器に収容された被醗酵物に水分を補給可能な水分補給手段と、前記ロードセルによって計測される醗酵容器の重量の経時変化値又はこの醗酵容器の重量に基づいて演算される前記被醗酵物の重量の経時変化値が予め設定した目標線と一致するように前記水分補給手段から補給する水分量を制御する制御手段とを具備したことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the solid fermentation apparatus according to the present invention measures the weight of the fermentation vessel in a state in which the fermented vessel that ferments the solid fermented product accommodated therein and the fermented product is contained. Calculation based on a possible load cell, a water replenishment means capable of replenishing the fermented material contained in the fermentation vessel, and a time-dependent change value of the weight of the fermentation vessel measured by the load cell or the weight of the fermentation vessel And a control means for controlling the amount of water replenished from the water replenishing means so that the time-dependent change value of the weight of the fermented product matches a preset target line.

また、本発明に係る固体醗酵装置は、前記醗酵容器が内部に収容した被醗酵物を攪拌する攪拌手段を備えており、前記制御手段は前記攪拌手段の稼動を停止させた状態で前記ロードセルにより計測された前記醗酵容器の重量に基づいて、前記水分補給手段から補給する水分量を制御するようにされたことを特徴とする。
なお、本発明における醗酵容器という用語はできるだけ広く解釈し得るものとし、地面や建物と独立しその重量を計測可能な構造の醗酵槽、醗酵室を含む。 Moreover, the solid fermentation apparatus according to the present invention includes a stirring means for stirring the fermented product contained in the fermentation vessel, and the control means uses the load cell with the operation of the stirring means stopped. Based on the measured weight of the fermentation vessel, the amount of water supplied from the water supply means is controlled.
It should be noted that the term fermentation vessel in the present invention can be interpreted as widely as possible, and includes a fermenter and a fermentation chamber having a structure capable of measuring the weight independently of the ground and the building.

本発明によれば、ロードセルによって計測される醗酵容器の重量に基づいて、被醗酵物の水分量を間接的に管理するようにした。ロードセルによる計測は即応性があり、静的なセンシング手段であるため耐久性にも優れている。また、醗酵容器に収容された被醗酵物の全量をセンシングの対象とした計測値に基づく制御手段を採用しているため、従来の局部的な被醗酵物のサンプリングやセンシングによるものに比べて、信頼性が高い。したがって、被醗酵物の水分管理に即応性と信頼性と耐久性を兼ね備えた固体醗酵装置を実現することができる。   According to the present invention, the water content of the fermented product is indirectly managed based on the weight of the fermentation vessel measured by the load cell. Measurement using a load cell is quick and has excellent durability because it is a static sensing means. Moreover, since the control means based on the measured value which made the whole quantity of the fermented material accommodated in the fermentation vessel the object of sensing is adopted, compared with the thing by sampling and sensing of the conventional local fermented material, High reliability. Therefore, it is possible to realize a solid fermentation apparatus that has quick response, reliability, and durability for moisture management of the fermented product.

また、醗酵容器が攪拌手段を備えている場合には、攪拌手段の稼動を停止させた状態のロードセル計測値に基づいて、補給する水分量を制御するようにされている。このため、ロードセルによる計測の際には，攪拌手段の稼動による振動の悪影響を受けないので、ロードセル計測値の精度が高くなり、ひいては信頼性の高い水分管理を実現することができる。   Moreover, when the fermentation container is equipped with the stirring means, the amount of water to be replenished is controlled based on the load cell measurement value in a state where the operation of the stirring means is stopped. For this reason, in the measurement by the load cell, since it is not adversely affected by the vibration due to the operation of the stirring means, the accuracy of the load cell measurement value is increased, and as a result, highly reliable moisture management can be realized.

図１は本発明に係る固体醗酵装置の実施形態を示す側断面図である。醗酵容器１０は上部が開放され、下部がホッパ部とされた円筒状の容器であり、内部に固体状の被醗酵物１２が収容される。ホッパ部の下端には醗酵を完了した固体醗酵物を排出する排出バルブ１４が装備されている。醗酵容器１０の外面にはジャケット１６が形成され、ジャケット１６の下部にはフレキシブル型の冷温水供給管１８、上部にはフレキシブル型の冷温水排出管２０が接続されている。   FIG. 1 is a sectional side view showing an embodiment of a solid fermentation apparatus according to the present invention. The fermentation container 10 is a cylindrical container having an upper part opened and a lower part serving as a hopper, and a solid fermented product 12 is accommodated therein. The lower end of the hopper is equipped with a discharge valve 14 for discharging the solid fermented product that has been fermented. A jacket 16 is formed on the outer surface of the fermentation vessel 10, a flexible cold / hot water supply pipe 18 is connected to the lower part of the jacket 16, and a flexible cold / hot water discharge pipe 20 is connected to the upper part.

醗酵容器１０の中心には攪拌機２２が装備され、また、醗酵容器１０には水分補給手段である給水管２４が付設されている。給水管２４には流量調節弁２６が取り付けられており、流量調節弁２６によって調節された水分量の補給水が給水管２４から醗酵容器１０の内部に収容された被醗酵物１２に補給される。   At the center of the fermentation vessel 10, a stirrer 22 is provided, and the fermentation vessel 10 is provided with a water supply pipe 24 serving as a moisture replenishing means. A flow rate adjustment valve 26 is attached to the water supply pipe 24, and the replenishment water with the amount of water adjusted by the flow rate adjustment valve 26 is replenished from the water supply pipe 24 to the fermented material 12 accommodated in the fermentation vessel 10. .

醗酵容器１０の上部外周には複数のブラケット２８が取り付けられており、醗酵容器１０は各ブラケット２８の下端に配置されたロードセル３０を介して基礎や建物などの荷重受け部３２に支持される。ロードセル３０の計測値は制御器３４に送信され、制御器３４では送信されたロードセル３０からの計測値に基づいて、流量調節弁２６に信号を出力し、給水管２４から補給する補給水の水分量を制御する。   A plurality of brackets 28 are attached to the outer periphery of the upper portion of the fermentation vessel 10, and the fermentation vessel 10 is supported by a load receiving portion 32 such as a foundation or a building via a load cell 30 arranged at the lower end of each bracket 28. The measurement value of the load cell 30 is transmitted to the controller 34, and the controller 34 outputs a signal to the flow rate control valve 26 based on the transmitted measurement value from the load cell 30, and the water content of makeup water to be replenished from the water supply pipe 24. Control the amount.

上記構成の固体醗酵装置では，水分が予め所定値に調整された有機固体原料が被醗酵物１２として醗酵容器１０内に投入され、所定日数にわたって醗酵菌による醗酵処理を受ける。醗酵に必要な醗酵菌の供給は、予め投入する被醗酵物１２に混入させるか、又は被醗酵物１２の投入に併行して醗酵菌を含む媒体を醗酵容器１０内に投入することによって行う。ジャッケット１６内には必要に応じて冷温水を流し、被醗酵物１２を間接加熱する。また、攪拌機２２を稼動して被醗酵物１２を攪拌し、醗酵処理が均一に進むようにする。攪拌機２２は省エネのために通常は間欠稼動とする。   In the solid fermentation apparatus having the above-described configuration, an organic solid raw material whose water content has been adjusted to a predetermined value in advance is introduced into the fermentation vessel 10 as a fermented product 12 and subjected to a fermentation process by a fermentation bacterium over a predetermined number of days. The fermentation bacteria necessary for the fermentation are supplied by mixing in the fermented product 12 to be charged in advance or by introducing a medium containing the fermented bacteria into the fermentation vessel 10 in parallel with the input of the fermented product 12. Cold / hot water is allowed to flow through the jacket 16 as necessary to indirectly heat the fermented material 12. Moreover, the agitator 22 is operated to stir the fermented product 12 so that the fermentation process proceeds uniformly. The stirrer 22 is normally intermittently operated for energy saving.

醗酵処理の期間中は上記の温水による間接加熱や醗酵熱によって、被醗酵物１２の温度は常温よりも十分に高い温度に保持される。このため、被醗酵物１２に含まれる水分が蒸発して外部に逸散し、被醗酵物１２は乾燥し易い環境下に置かれる。したがって、水分補給手段である給水管２４から被醗酵物１２に補給水を補給し、被醗酵物１２の含水率を適正に維持する必要がある。本実施形態ではこの給水管２４からの補給水の補給を制御器３４によって自動制御する。   During the fermentation process, the temperature of the fermentation object 12 is maintained at a temperature sufficiently higher than the normal temperature by the indirect heating with the hot water and the fermentation heat. For this reason, the water | moisture content contained in the to-be-fermented material 12 evaporates and dissipates outside, and the to-be-fermented material 12 is placed in the environment which is easy to dry. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish the fermented product 12 with the water to be fermented from the water supply pipe 24 serving as a water replenishment means, and to maintain the water content of the fermented product 12 appropriately. In the present embodiment, the replenishment water from the water supply pipe 24 is automatically controlled by the controller 34.

すなわち、制御器３４では例えば１０分間に１回の頻度でロードセル３０の計測値を取り込み、被醗酵物１２の重量を演算する。ロードセル３０の計測値は図２に示したように醗酵容器１０本体の重量以外に、ジャケット１６、攪拌機２２、給水管２４などの付属品の重量とジャケット１６内に充たされた温水（又は常温水）や醗酵容器１０内に収容された被醗酵物１２の重量が合算されたものであり、この合算値が醗酵容器１０の重量としてロードセル３０から制御器３４に送信される。上記各重量の内、醗酵容器本体、付属品、温水（又は常温水）の重量は固定重量であり、この固定重量は予め制御器３４に記憶されている。したがって、制御器３４では醗酵容器１０の重量として送信されたロードセル３０の計測値から上記固定重量を差し引くことによって被醗酵物１２の重量を算定することができる。   That is, the controller 34 takes in the measured value of the load cell 30 at a frequency of once every 10 minutes, for example, and calculates the weight of the fermentation target 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the measured value of the load cell 30 includes the weight of accessories such as the jacket 16, the stirrer 22, the water supply pipe 24, and the hot water filled in the jacket 16 (or room temperature). Water) and the weight of the fermented product 12 accommodated in the fermentation vessel 10 are added together, and this added value is transmitted from the load cell 30 to the controller 34 as the weight of the fermentation vessel 10. Among the above weights, the weight of the fermentation vessel main body, accessories, and warm water (or normal temperature water) is a fixed weight, and this fixed weight is stored in the controller 34 in advance. Therefore, the controller 34 can calculate the weight of the fermented substance 12 by subtracting the fixed weight from the measured value of the load cell 30 transmitted as the weight of the fermentation vessel 10.

制御器３４では算定した被醗酵物１２の重量が設定値よりも少ない時には、被醗酵物１２の水分が不足していると判定し、水分不足量を補うべく、給水管２４の流量調節弁２６に信号を出力し、給水管２４から補給する補給水の水分量を制御する。したがって、被醗酵物１２が最初に投入されてから、醗酵処理を完了するまでの被醗酵物１２の水分込み重量の経日変化を目標線として設定しておき、これを制御器３４に予め記憶させておく。そして、制御器３４では算定した被醗酵物１２の重量の経時変化値が予め設定した目標線と一致するように給水管２４から補給する水分量を制御すれば、即応性に優れ信頼性の高い被醗酵物１２の水分管理を実現することができる。   When the weight of the fermented material 12 calculated by the controller 34 is less than the set value, it is determined that the water content of the fermented material 12 is insufficient, and the flow control valve 26 of the water supply pipe 24 is used to compensate for the insufficient water content. To control the amount of makeup water supplied from the water supply pipe 24. Therefore, the daily change in the moisture content of the fermented matter 12 from the time when the fermented product 12 is first charged until the fermentation treatment is completed is set as a target line, and this is stored in the controller 34 in advance. Let me. And if the amount of water replenished from the water supply pipe 24 is controlled so that the time-dependent change value of the weight of the fermented material 12 calculated in the controller 34 coincides with a preset target line, the controller 34 has excellent responsiveness and high reliability. The water management of the fermented material 12 can be realized.

図３（１）は被醗酵物１２の水分込み重量の経日変化目標線を例示したグラフである。初期のａ点では含水率が低い有機固体原料が被醗酵物１２として醗酵容器１０に投入される。この被醗酵物１２を醗酵に適した比較的高い含水率にするために、制御器３４により制御された量の補給水を給水管２４から補給し、ｂ点に示したように被醗酵物１２の重量を増大させる。以降、本醗酵が終了するｃ点まで被醗酵物１２の重量を一定にした処理を継続する。ｃ点以降は熟成期間に入るので被醗酵物１２の重量を徐々に減少させｄ点とし、ｄ点から処理終了のｅ点までは被醗酵物１２の重量を一定にした処理を継続する。制御器３４では上記ａ〜ｅ点の全期間において、１０分間隔毎に算定した被醗酵物１２の重量の経時変化値が予め設定した目標線と一致するように給水管２４から補給する水分量を制御することになる。   FIG. 3 (1) is a graph illustrating a daily change target line of the moisture content of the fermented material 12. At an initial point a, an organic solid raw material having a low water content is charged into the fermentation vessel 10 as the fermentation product 12. In order to make this to-be-fermented product 12 into the comparatively high moisture content suitable for fermentation, the amount of make-up water controlled by the controller 34 is replenished from the water supply pipe 24, and the to-be-fermented product 12 is shown as b point. Increase the weight of Thereafter, the process in which the weight of the fermented product 12 is kept constant until the point c at which the main fermentation is completed is continued. Since the aging period starts after the point c, the weight of the fermented product 12 is gradually reduced to the point d, and the treatment with the weight of the fermented product 12 kept constant from the point d to the point e at the end of the treatment is continued. In the controller 34, the amount of water replenished from the water supply pipe 24 so that the time-dependent change value of the weight of the fermented matter 12 calculated every 10 minutes matches the preset target line in the whole period from the points a to e. Will be controlled.

図３（２）は上記被醗酵物１２の水分込み重量の経日変化目標線に前記固定重量を加えたグラフであり、縦軸は醗酵容器１０の重量を示している。制御器３４では予め記憶した被醗酵物１２の水分込み重量の経日変化目標線に前記固定重量を加算することによって、図３（２）に示した醗酵容器１０の重量の管理目標線を容易に演算することができる。したがって、制御器３４ではロードセル３０によって計測される醗酵容器１０の重量の経時変化値がこの管理目標線と一致するように給水管２４から補給する水分量を制御すれば、被醗酵物１２の重量を図３（１）に示した被醗酵物１２の経日変化目標線に則って制御することになる。このような方法によれば、１回の制御毎にロードセル３０の計測値から前記固定重量を差し引いて被醗酵物１２の重量を算出する手間を省略できる。   FIG. 3 (2) is a graph in which the fixed weight is added to the daily change target line of the moisture content of the fermented material 12, and the vertical axis indicates the weight of the fermentation vessel 10. In the controller 34, the weight management target line of the fermentation vessel 10 shown in FIG. 3 (2) can be easily obtained by adding the fixed weight to the daily change target line of the moisture content of the fermented substance 12 stored in advance. Can be calculated. Therefore, if the controller 34 controls the amount of water to be replenished from the water supply pipe 24 so that the time-dependent change value of the weight of the fermentation vessel 10 measured by the load cell 30 coincides with this management target line, the weight of the fermented matter 12 is controlled. Is controlled in accordance with the daily change target line of the fermented product 12 shown in FIG. According to such a method, the trouble of subtracting the fixed weight from the measured value of the load cell 30 for each control and calculating the weight of the fermented product 12 can be omitted.

なお、攪拌機２２が稼動している場合には、稼動による振動がロードセル３０に伝播し、ロードセル３０の計測誤差が大きくなる。したがって、制御器３４では、攪拌機２２の稼動を停止させた状態でロードセル３０により計測された醗酵容器の重量に基づいて制御を実行するように、１回毎の制御タイミングを攪拌機２２の非稼動スケジュールにリンクさせることが望ましい。   In addition, when the stirrer 22 is operating, vibration due to the operation propagates to the load cell 30 and the measurement error of the load cell 30 increases. Accordingly, the controller 34 sets the control timing for each time so that the control is executed based on the weight of the fermentation vessel measured by the load cell 30 with the operation of the stirrer 22 stopped. It is desirable to link to.

１回分の醗酵処理が完了すると醗酵容器１０の下端に設けた排出バルブ１４を開放し、醗酵を完了した固体醗酵物を全量排出する。そして、排出バルブ１４を閉止した後に、再び、新規の被醗酵物１２を醗酵容器１０に投入して次の醗酵処理を繰り返す。   When the fermentation process for one time is completed, the discharge valve 14 provided at the lower end of the fermentation vessel 10 is opened, and the entire amount of the solid fermentation product that has been fermented is discharged. And after closing the discharge | emission valve | bulb 14, the new fermented material 12 is thrown into the fermentation container 10 again, and the next fermentation process is repeated.

上述のとおり、本実施形態の固体醗酵装置によれば、ロードセル３０によって計測される醗酵容器１０の重量に基づいて、被醗酵物１２の水分量を間接的に管理するようにした。ロードセル３０による計測は即応性があり、静的なセンシング手段であるため耐久性にも優れている。また、醗酵容器１０に収容された被醗酵物１２の全量をセンシングの対象とした計測値に基づく制御手段を採用しているため、従来の局部的な被醗酵物のサンプリングやセンシングによるものに比べて、信頼性が高い。したがって、被醗酵物１２の水分管理に即応性と信頼性と耐久性を兼ね備えた固体醗酵装置を実現することができる。   As described above, according to the solid state fermentation apparatus of the present embodiment, the water content of the fermented product 12 is indirectly managed based on the weight of the fermentation vessel 10 measured by the load cell 30. The measurement by the load cell 30 is responsive and has excellent durability since it is a static sensing means. Moreover, since the control means based on the measured value which made the whole quantity of the fermented material 12 accommodated in the fermentation container 10 the object of sensing is employ | adopted, compared with the thing by the sampling and sensing of the conventional local fermented material And high reliability. Therefore, it is possible to realize a solid fermentation apparatus that has quick response, reliability, and durability for moisture management of the fermented material 12.

また、攪拌機２２の稼動を停止させた状態のロードセル計測値に基づいて制御すると、ロードセル３０の計測に攪拌機２２の稼動による振動の悪影響を受けないので、ロードセル計測値の精度が高くなり、ひいては信頼性の高い水分管理を実現することができる。   Further, when the control is performed based on the load cell measurement value in a state where the operation of the stirrer 22 is stopped, the load cell measurement is not adversely affected by the vibration caused by the operation of the stirrer 22, so that the accuracy of the load cell measurement value is increased and thus reliable. High moisture management can be realized.

上記実施形態では、被醗酵物を回分式に処理する構成の固体醗酵装置を説明したが、本発明は回分式の装置に限定されず、一端の供給口から被醗酵物を連続的に供給しつつ、他端の排出口から醗酵が完了した固体醗酵物を連続的に排出する連続式の固体醗酵装置にも適用することができる。また、上記実施形態では本醗酵と熟成を同一の醗酵容器内で連続して行う場合について説明した。しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されず、本醗酵や熟成などの各工程を別個の醗酵容器で行う場合に、それぞれの醗酵容器に対して本発明を適用した構成を含む。   In the said embodiment, although the solid fermentation apparatus of the structure which processes fermented material batchwise was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to a batch-type apparatus, The fermented material is continuously supplied from the supply port of one end. On the other hand, the present invention can also be applied to a continuous solid fermentation apparatus that continuously discharges a solid fermented product that has been fermented from a discharge port at the other end. Moreover, the said embodiment demonstrated the case where this fermentation and ageing | curing | ripening were performed continuously within the same fermentation container. However, this invention is not limited to this, When performing each process, such as this fermentation and an aging, with a separate fermentation container, the structure which applied this invention with respect to each fermentation container is included.

また、本発明は上記実施形態で示した縦型のものに限定されず、横型の装置にも適用することができる。また、攪拌機付きの装置に限らず、醗酵容器が自転する構造の装置にも本発明を適用することができる。さらに、本発明に係る水分補給手段は上記実施形態で示した給水管に限らず、水分を霧状に噴霧する型式や加湿空気を吹出す型式のものを採用することができる。   Further, the present invention is not limited to the vertical type shown in the above embodiment, and can be applied to a horizontal type apparatus. Moreover, this invention is applicable not only to the apparatus with a stirrer but the apparatus of a structure where a fermentation container rotates. Furthermore, the water replenishing means according to the present invention is not limited to the water supply pipe shown in the above embodiment, but may be a type that sprays moisture in a mist form or a type that blows out humidified air.

本発明に係る固体醗酵装置の実施形態を示す側断面図である。It is a sectional side view showing an embodiment of a solid fermentation device concerning the present invention. ロードセル計測値の内容を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the content of the load cell measured value. 被醗酵物の重量又は醗酵容器の重量の経日変化目標線を例示したグラフである。It is the graph which illustrated the daily change target line of the weight of a fermented material, or the weight of a fermentation container.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０………醗酵容器、１２………被醗酵物、１４………排出バルブ、１６………ジャケット、１８………冷温水供給管、２０………冷温水排出管、２２………攪拌機、２４………給水管、２６………流量調節弁、２８………ブラケット、３０………ロードセル、３２………荷重受け部、３４………制御器。   10 ......... Fermentation vessel, 12 ......... Food to be fermented, 14 ......... Discharge valve, 16 ......... Jacket, 18 ......... Cold / hot water supply pipe, 20 ......... Cool / hot water discharge pipe, 22 ......... Stirrer, 24 ......... Water supply pipe, 26 ......... Flow control valve, 28 ......... Bracket, 30 ......... Load cell, 32 ......... Load receiver, 34 ......... Controller.

Claims (2)

内部に収容した固体状の被醗酵物を醗酵させる醗酵容器と、前記被醗酵物を収容した状態で前記醗酵容器の重量を計測可能なロードセルと、前記醗酵容器に収容された被醗酵物に水分を補給可能な水分補給手段と、前記ロードセルによって計測される醗酵容器の重量の経時変化値又はこの醗酵容器の重量に基づいて演算される前記被醗酵物の重量の経時変化値が予め設定した目標線と一致するように前記水分補給手段から補給する水分量を制御する制御手段とを具備したことを特徴とする固体醗酵装置。   Water in the fermentation vessel for fermenting the solid fermented product housed therein, the load cell capable of measuring the weight of the fermentation vessel in the state of containing the fermented product, and the fermented product contained in the fermentation vessel The water supply means capable of replenishing and the time-dependent change value of the weight of the fermentation vessel measured by the load cell or the time-dependent change value of the weight of the fermented material calculated based on the weight of the fermentation vessel A solid fermentation apparatus comprising control means for controlling the amount of water replenished from the water replenishing means so as to coincide with a line. 前記醗酵容器は内部に収容した被醗酵物を攪拌する攪拌手段を備えており、前記制御手段は前記攪拌手段の稼動を停止させた状態で前記ロードセルにより計測された前記醗酵容器の重量に基づいて、前記水分補給手段から補給する水分量を制御するようにされたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の固体醗酵装置。   The fermentation vessel is provided with a stirring means for stirring the fermented product accommodated therein, and the control means is based on the weight of the fermentation vessel measured by the load cell in a state where the operation of the stirring means is stopped. The solid fermenter according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water supplied from the water supply means is controlled.
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JP2021159804A (en) * 2020-03-30 2021-10-11 中部エコテック株式会社 Fermentation dryer, cement production system, and fermentation drying method
JP7326204B2 (en) 2020-03-30 2023-08-15 中部エコテック株式会社 Fermentation drying apparatus, cement production system, and fermentation drying method

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