JP2007309142A - Method and device for detecting misfire of gas engine - Google Patents

Method and device for detecting misfire of gas engine Download PDF

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JP2007309142A
JP2007309142A JP2006137116A JP2006137116A JP2007309142A JP 2007309142 A JP2007309142 A JP 2007309142A JP 2006137116 A JP2006137116 A JP 2006137116A JP 2006137116 A JP2006137116 A JP 2006137116A JP 2007309142 A JP2007309142 A JP 2007309142A
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misfire
determination
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waveform
gas engine
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JP4707606B2 (en
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Kenji Ishiguro
剣二 石黒
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To determine the combustion condition of a cylinder with ease and with high accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: The distortion of the fastening bolt 14 of a cylinder head 12 receiving cylinder inner pressure is detected by distortion gages 1A to 1D. In a determination signal forming part 2, a signal height is set by power generation output, and a misfire determination signal is formed which has a judgement waveform formed of three judgement waveform parts with transmitting points set by an ignition angle and the rotational speed of the gas engine 11 of a rotary sensor 6. A synthetic signal is formed by subtracting the misfire determination signal from a distortion detection signal detected by the distortion gages 1A to 1D by a subtractor 3. In a misfire determination part 4, when three subtraction values of the synthetic signal corresponding to each judgement waveform part are a positive value exceeding a reference value of 0, it is determined as complete combustion, and when they are 0 of not more than 0 or a negative value, it is determined as complete misfire. When two subtraction values are the positive value and the rest of one subtraction value is 0 or the negative value, it is determined as slight half misfire, and when two subtraction values are 0 or the negative value and the rest of one subtraction value is the positive value, it is determined as severe half misfire. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、都市ガスなどを燃料として発電装置を駆動するガスエンジンにおいて、燃焼状態を判定する失火検出方法および装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a misfire detection method and apparatus for determining a combustion state in a gas engine that drives a power generator using city gas or the like as fuel.

従来、ガスエンジンの失火を検出するものは、たとえば排ガスの温度や組成などを検出するものが数多く見られるが、高温の排ガスの成分などを検出するため、検出器への熱的負荷が大きい。   Conventionally, many of those detecting a misfire of a gas engine, for example, detecting the temperature or composition of exhaust gas, can be seen. However, since a component of high-temperature exhaust gas is detected, the thermal load on the detector is large.

これに対して、たとえば特許文献１には、内燃機関に設けられた振動検出器によりシリンダの振動を検出して失火を判定するものがある。
特開平４−１３１７３３号公報 On the other hand, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228667 determines the misfire by detecting the vibration of the cylinder with a vibration detector provided in the internal combustion engine.
JP-A-4-131733

しかし、上記特許文献１において振動検出器により失火を判定するものは、
・エンジンの回転部材や駆動部材など、燃焼以外の振動成分を多く含むため、信号の処理時間が長く、演算処理部の負担が大きくなること、
・点火位置に同期して検出された振動信号を演算して得られた燃焼状態信号のピーク値と、予め定められた基準値（通常の失火レベルより大きい）とを比較しており、基準値は一定値であるため、出力負荷による変動を受けやすいことなどの問題があった。 However, what determines misfire by the vibration detector in Patent Document 1 is as follows.
-It contains a lot of vibration components other than combustion, such as engine rotation members and drive members, so that the signal processing time is long and the burden on the arithmetic processing unit increases.
The peak value of the combustion state signal obtained by calculating the vibration signal detected in synchronization with the ignition position is compared with a predetermined reference value (greater than the normal misfire level). Since is a constant value, there are problems such as being susceptible to fluctuations due to output load.

本発明は上記問題点を解決して、検出器への熱的負荷も小さく、信号処理を容易かつ短時間で行え、ガスエンジンの運転状態に対応して精度良く燃焼状態を判定することができるガスエンジンの失火検出方法および装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves the above-described problems, reduces the thermal load on the detector, performs signal processing easily and in a short time, and can accurately determine the combustion state corresponding to the operating state of the gas engine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas engine misfire detection method and apparatus.

上記問題点を解決するために本発明に係る請求項１記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドをシリンダ本体に固定する締結具の歪を歪ゲージにより検出するステップと、ガスエンジンの出力に基づいて、完全燃焼時の歪と完全失火時の歪の範囲内に対応する信号高さに設定されるとともに、ガスエンジンの回転速度、点火角およびこの点火角から発信点までの回転角に基づいて発信点が設定される判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成するステップと、前記ステップで歪ゲージにより検出された歪検出信号から前記失火判定信号を減算するステップと、前記ステップの判定波形に対応する減算値と基準値とを比較して燃焼状態を判定するステップとを具備したものである。   In order to solve the above problems, the gas engine misfire detection method according to claim 1 according to the present invention includes a step of detecting strain of a fastener that fixes a cylinder head receiving a cylinder pressure to a cylinder body with a strain gauge. Based on the output of the gas engine, the signal height corresponding to the range of the distortion at the time of complete combustion and the distortion at the time of complete misfire is set, and the rotation speed of the gas engine, the ignition angle, and the transmission point from this ignition angle Forming a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform in which a transmission point is set based on the rotation angle until, subtracting the misfire determination signal from a strain detection signal detected by a strain gauge in the step, A step of comparing the subtraction value corresponding to the determination waveform of the step with a reference value to determine the combustion state.

請求項２記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、請求項１記載の方法において、ガスエンジンの出力を、ガスエンジンにより駆動される発電機の発電出力か、またはガスエンジンの運転を制御するシリンダ制御装置から出力される軸出力とし、判定波形の信号高さが前記発電出力または前記軸出力を変数とする関数により求められるものである。   The gas engine misfire detection method according to claim 2 is the cylinder control according to claim 1, wherein the output of the gas engine is the power generation output of a generator driven by the gas engine, or the operation of the gas engine is controlled. The shaft output is output from the apparatus, and the signal height of the determination waveform is obtained by a function having the power generation output or the shaft output as a variable.

請求項３記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドをシリンダ本体に固定する締結具の歪を歪ゲージにより検出するステップと、ガスエンジンの給気圧力、燃料供給量、点火角に基づいて、完全燃焼時の歪と完全失火時の歪の範囲内に対応する信号高さに設定されるとともに、ガスエンジンの回転速度と点火角とに基づいて発信点が設定される判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成するステップと、前記ステップで歪ゲージにより検出された歪検出信号から前記失火判定信号を減算するステップと、前記ステップの判定波形に対応する減算値と基準値とを比較して燃焼状態を判定するステップとを具備したものである。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas engine misfire detection method comprising: a step of detecting distortion of a fastener that fixes a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure to a cylinder body with a strain gauge; a supply pressure of a gas engine; a fuel supply amount; Based on the ignition angle, the signal height corresponding to the range of the distortion at the time of complete combustion and the distortion at the time of complete misfire is set, and the transmission point is set based on the rotation speed of the gas engine and the ignition angle. Forming a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform; subtracting the misfire determination signal from a strain detection signal detected by a strain gauge in the step; and a subtraction value and a reference value corresponding to the determination waveform of the step And determining the combustion state.

請求項４記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、請求項３記載の方法において、ガスエンジンにおける給気圧力と燃料供給量と点火角とに基づいて失火判定信号の信号高さを求めるデータテーブルを予め作成しておき、ガスエンジンの運転を制御するシリンダ制御装置から出力される給気圧力と燃料供給量と点火角の出力値により前記データテーブルに基づいて判定波形の信号高さを設定するものである。   A misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 4 is the method according to claim 3, wherein a data table for obtaining a signal height of a misfire determination signal based on an air supply pressure, a fuel supply amount, and an ignition angle in the gas engine is provided. Created in advance, and sets the signal height of the judgment waveform based on the data table based on the supply pressure output from the cylinder control device that controls the operation of the gas engine, the fuel supply amount, and the output value of the ignition angle It is.

請求項５記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の方法において、判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時またはその後方近傍時に発信される１つの判定波形部からなり、波形判定部に対応する減算値が基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記減算値が基準値以下の時に失火と判定するものである。   A misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 5 is the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determination waveform is transmitted when the maximum distortion occurs during complete combustion or when it is in the vicinity thereof. Comprising a waveform portion, it is determined that complete combustion occurs when the subtraction value corresponding to the waveform determination portion is greater than the reference value, and misfire is determined when the subtraction value is less than the reference value.

請求項６記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の方法において、判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時またはその後方近傍時に発信される初期判定波形部と、当該初期判定波形部の発信点から最小歪発生時までの間に発信される終期判定波形部からなり、前記初期判定波形部に対応する初期減算値と前記終期判定波形部に対応する終期減算値がそれぞれ基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記両減算値がそれぞれ基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、前記両減算値の一方が基準値より大きくかつ他方が基準値以下の時に半失火と判定するものである。   The misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 6 is the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determination waveform is an initial determination waveform that is transmitted when the maximum distortion occurs during complete combustion or in the vicinity thereof. And an end determination waveform portion transmitted between the transmission point of the initial determination waveform portion and the time when the minimum distortion occurs, and corresponds to the initial subtraction value corresponding to the initial determination waveform portion and the end determination waveform portion. When the final subtraction value is greater than the reference value, complete combustion is determined. When both the subtraction values are less than the reference value, complete misfire is determined. One of the subtraction values is greater than the reference value and the other is less than the reference value. At that time, it is judged as a semi-misfire.

請求項７記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の方法において、判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時またはその後方近傍時に発信される初期判定波形部と、当該初期判定波形部の発信点から最小歪発生時までの間に発信される終期判定波形部と、初期判定波形部と終期判定波形部との間に発信される中間判定波形部からなり、初期判定波形部に対応する初期減算値と中間判定波形部に対応する中間減算値と終期判定波形部に対応する終期減算値とがそれぞれ基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記各減算値がそれぞれ基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、さらに上記各減算値のうち基準値より大きい減算値の数が、基準値以下の減算値の数より多い時に軽度半失火と判定し、基準値より大きい減算値の数が、基準値以下の減算値の数より少ない時に重度半失火と判定するものである。   The misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 7 is the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determination waveform is an initial determination waveform that is transmitted when the maximum distortion occurs during complete combustion or in the vicinity thereof. From the initial determination waveform section transmitted from the transmission point of the initial determination waveform section to the time of occurrence of the minimum distortion, and the intermediate determination waveform section transmitted between the initial determination waveform section and the final determination waveform section When the initial subtraction value corresponding to the initial determination waveform portion, the intermediate subtraction value corresponding to the intermediate determination waveform portion, and the final subtraction value corresponding to the final determination waveform portion are each greater than the reference value, it is determined that complete combustion is performed, When the subtraction value is less than or equal to the reference value, it is determined as complete misfire, and when the number of subtraction values greater than the reference value among the subtraction values is greater than the number of subtraction values less than or equal to the reference value, it is determined as mild semi-misfire. Greater than reference value The number of There subtraction value, is to determine the severity half misfire when less than the number of the reference value following subtraction value.

請求項８記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の方法において、判定波形部が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時またはその後方近傍時の発信点と、当該発信点から所定時間経過後の停止点とにわたって発信され、かつ発信点の信号高さより停止点の信号高さが小さい台形波に形成され、前記波形判定部に対応する減算値が基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記減算値が基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、前記減算値の一部が基準値より大きくかつ残部が基準値以下の時に半失火と判定するものである。   A misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 8 is the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determination waveform portion is a transmission point at the time of occurrence of maximum strain at the time of complete combustion or near the rear thereof. A trapezoidal wave is transmitted from the transmission point to a stop point after a predetermined time has elapsed, and the signal height of the stop point is smaller than the signal height of the transmission point, and the subtraction value corresponding to the waveform determination unit is greater than the reference value. When it is larger, it is judged as complete combustion, when the subtracted value is less than the reference value, it is judged as complete misfire, and when a part of the subtracted value is larger than the reference value and the remainder is less than the reference value, it is judged as half misfire. .

請求項９記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法は、請求項８記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法において、半失火と判定された時に、基準値より大きい減算値を累積した上位累積減算値と、基準値より小さい減算値を累積した下位累積減算値とを比較し、前記上位累積減算値が前記下位累積減算値より大きい時に軽度半失火と判定し、前記上位累積減算値が前記下位累積減算値以下の時に重度半失火と判定するものである。   The misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 9 is the misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 8, wherein when it is determined that the misfire has occurred, a higher cumulative subtraction value obtained by accumulating a subtraction value greater than a reference value, and a reference Comparing with a lower cumulative subtraction value obtained by accumulating a subtraction value smaller than the value, it is determined that the semi-misfire is mild when the upper cumulative subtraction value is greater than the lower cumulative subtraction value, and the upper cumulative subtraction value is less than or equal to the lower cumulative subtraction value At that time, it is judged as a severe semi-misfire.

請求項１０記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置は、筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドをシリンダ本体に固定する締結具に取り付けられて、前記筒内圧力により生じる歪を検出する歪ゲージと、判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成する判定信号形成部と、前記歪ゲージから出力された歪検出信号から前記失火判定信号を減算する減算器と、前記減算器の減算値と基準値とを比較して燃焼状態を判定する失火判定部とを具備し、前記判定信号形成部は、ガスエンジンの出力に基づいて、完全燃焼時の筒内圧力による歪と完全失火時の筒内圧力による歪の範囲内に対応して前記判定波形の信号高さを設定するとともに、ガスエンジンの回転速度と点火角とに基づいて前記判定波形の発信点を設定するように構成されたものである。   A misfire detection device for a gas engine according to claim 10 is attached to a fastener that fixes a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure to a cylinder body, detects a strain caused by the in-cylinder pressure, and a determination waveform. A determination signal forming unit for forming a misfire determination signal, a subtracter for subtracting the misfire determination signal from a strain detection signal output from the strain gauge, and a combustion by comparing a subtraction value of the subtractor with a reference value A misfire determination unit for determining a state, and the determination signal forming unit is based on the output of the gas engine, within a range of distortion due to in-cylinder pressure during complete combustion and distortion due to in-cylinder pressure during complete misfire. Correspondingly, a signal height of the determination waveform is set, and a transmission point of the determination waveform is set based on the rotation speed and the ignition angle of the gas engine.

請求項１１記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置は、請求項１０記載の構成において、ガスエンジンの出力を、ガスエンジンにより駆動される発電機の発電出力、またはガスエンジンの運転を制御するシリンダ制御装置から出力される軸出力とし、判定信号形成部は、判定波形の信号高さを前記発電出力または前記軸出力を変数とする関数により求めるように構成されたものである。   A misfire detection device for a gas engine according to claim 11 is the cylinder control device according to claim 10, wherein the output of the gas engine controls the power generation output of a generator driven by the gas engine or the operation of the gas engine. The determination signal forming unit is configured to obtain the signal height of the determination waveform from the power generation output or a function having the shaft output as a variable.

請求項１２記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置は、筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドをシリンダ本体に固定する締結具に取り付けられて前記筒内圧力により生じる歪を検出する歪ゲージと、判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成する判定信号形成部と、前記歪ゲージから出力された歪検出信号から失火判定信号を減算する減算器と、前記減算器により減算された前記判定波形に対応する減算値と基準値とを比較して燃焼状態を判定する失火判定部とを具備し、前記判定信号形成部は、ガスエンジンの給気圧力、燃料供給量、点火角に基づいて、完全燃焼時の筒内圧力による歪と完全失火時の筒内圧力による歪の範囲に対応する判定波形の信号高さを設定するとともに、ガスエンジンの回転速度と点火角とに基づいて前記判定波形の発信点を設定するように構成されたものである。   A misfire detection device for a gas engine according to claim 12, comprising a strain gauge that is attached to a fastener that fixes a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure to a cylinder body and detects strain caused by the in-cylinder pressure, and a determination waveform. A determination signal forming unit for forming a misfire determination signal; a subtracter for subtracting the misfire determination signal from the strain detection signal output from the strain gauge; and a subtraction value and a reference corresponding to the determination waveform subtracted by the subtractor A misfire determination unit that compares the value to determine the combustion state, and the determination signal forming unit is configured to determine the in-cylinder pressure during complete combustion based on the supply pressure, fuel supply amount, and ignition angle of the gas engine. The signal height of the determination waveform corresponding to the range of distortion due to in-cylinder pressure and the distortion due to in-cylinder pressure at the time of complete misfire is set, and the transmission point of the determination waveform is based on the rotation speed and ignition angle of the gas engine It is one that is configured to set.

請求項１３記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置は、請求項１２記載の構成において、判定信号形成部に、ガスエンジンにおける給気圧力と燃料供給量と点火角から判定波形の信号高さを求めるデータテーブルに設け、前記判定信号形成部は、ガスエンジンの運転を制御するシリンダ制御装置から出力される給気圧力と燃料供給量と点火角とにより前記データテーブルに基づいて前記判定波形の信号高さを設定するように構成されたものである。   The misfire detection device for a gas engine according to claim 13 is the configuration according to claim 12, wherein the determination signal forming unit obtains a signal height of a determination waveform from an air supply pressure, a fuel supply amount, and an ignition angle in the gas engine. The determination signal forming unit is provided in a table, and the determination signal forming unit is configured to determine a signal height of the determination waveform based on the data table based on an air supply pressure, a fuel supply amount, and an ignition angle output from a cylinder control device that controls operation of the gas engine. Is configured to set.

請求項１４記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置は、請求項１０乃至１３のいずれかに記載の構成において、判定波形部が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時または後方近傍時に発信される初期判定波形部と、当該初期判定波形部の発信点から所定時間経過後に発信される中間判定波形部と、当該中間波形部の発信点から所定時間経過後に発信される終期判定波形部とからなり、失火判定部は、初期判定波形部に対応する初期減算値と中間判定波形部に対応する中間減算値と終期判定波形部に対応する終期減算値とがそれぞれ基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記各減算値がそれぞれ基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、さらに上記各減算値のうち基準値より大きい減算値の数が、基準値以下の減算値の数より多い時に軽度半失火と判定し、基準値より大きい減算値の数が、基準値以下の減算値の数と同じかまたは少ない時に重度半失火と判定するように構成されたものである。   The misfire detection device for a gas engine according to claim 14 is the configuration according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the determination waveform section is an initial determination waveform that is transmitted when the maximum distortion occurs during the complete combustion or in the vicinity of the rear. And an intermediate determination waveform portion transmitted after a predetermined time has elapsed from the transmission point of the initial determination waveform portion, and an end determination waveform portion transmitted after a predetermined time has elapsed from the transmission point of the intermediate waveform portion. The unit determines complete combustion when the initial subtraction value corresponding to the initial determination waveform portion, the intermediate subtraction value corresponding to the intermediate determination waveform portion, and the final subtraction value corresponding to the final determination waveform portion are each greater than a reference value, When each subtracted value is less than or equal to the reference value, complete misfire is determined, and when the number of subtracted values greater than the reference value among the above subtracted values is greater than the number of subtracted values less than or equal to the reference value, it is determined to be mild semi-misfire. And, the number of the reference value is greater than the subtraction value is one that is configured to determine the severity half misfire at the same time or less the number of the reference value following subtraction value.

請求項１５記載の発明は、請求項１０乃至１３のいずれかに記載の構成において、判定波形部が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時のその後方近傍の発信点から所定時間経過後の停止点にわたって発信され、かつ発信点の信号高さより停止点の信号高さが小さい台形波の１つの判定波形部からなり、失火判定部は、前記波形判定部に対応する減算値が基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記減算値が基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、前記減算値の一部が基準値より大きくかつ残部が基準値以下の時に半失火と判定するように構成されたものである。   A fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the configuration according to any one of the tenth to thirteenth aspects, wherein the determination waveform portion is a stop point after a predetermined time has elapsed from a transmission point in the vicinity thereof when the maximum strain occurs during complete combustion. And a determination waveform portion of a trapezoidal wave whose stop point signal height is smaller than the transmission point signal height, and the misfire determination portion is when the subtraction value corresponding to the waveform determination portion is larger than a reference value It is determined to be complete combustion, and determined to be complete misfire when the subtracted value is less than or equal to a reference value, and to be determined to be half misfired when a part of the subtracted value is greater than the reference value and the remainder is less than or equal to the reference value. Is.

請求項１または１０記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法または装置によれば、筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドの締結具に歪ゲージを設け、ガスエンジンの回転速度と点火角とに基づいて設定された発信点で発信されるとともに、エンジンの出力に基づいて設定された信号高さの判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成し、前記歪ゲージの歪検出信号から前記失火判定信号を減算し、判定波形部に対応する減算値に基づいて失火を判定する。したがって、締結具の歪を検出する歪ゲージが、燃焼ガスの高温雰囲気に晒されることがなく、歪ゲージへの熱的負荷が少ないため歪ゲージの耐久性が高い。また歪検出信号や失火判定信号の形成や、信号の減算処理、失火の判定処理を容易かつ短時間で行うことができ、シリンダの筒内圧力に近似する歪ゲージの歪検出信号に基づいて、精度良く失火を判定することができる。   According to the misfire detection method or apparatus of a gas engine according to claim 1 or 10, a strain gauge is provided in a fastener of a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure, and is set based on a rotation speed and an ignition angle of the gas engine. A misfire determination signal that is transmitted at a transmission point and has a determination waveform of a signal height set based on the output of the engine is formed, and the misfire determination signal is subtracted from the strain detection signal of the strain gauge, thereby determining the waveform The misfire is determined based on the subtraction value corresponding to the part. Therefore, the strain gauge that detects the strain of the fastener is not exposed to the high-temperature atmosphere of the combustion gas, and the thermal load on the strain gauge is small, so that the strain gauge has high durability. In addition, the strain detection signal and misfire determination signal formation, signal subtraction processing, misfire determination processing can be performed easily and in a short time, and based on the strain detection signal of the strain gauge approximating the cylinder in-cylinder pressure, Misfire can be determined with high accuracy.

請求項３または１２記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法または装置によれば、筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドの締結具に歪ゲージを設け、ガスエンジンの回転速度と点火角とに基づいて設定された発信点で発信されるとともに、エンジンの給気圧力と燃料供給量、点火角に基づいて設定された信号高さの判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成し、前記歪ゲージの歪検出信号から前記失火判定信号を減算し、判定波形部に対応する減算値に基づいて失火を判定する。したがって、締結具の歪を検出する歪ゲージが、燃焼ガスの高温雰囲気に晒されることがなく、歪ゲージへの熱的負荷が少ないため歪ゲージの耐久性が高い。また歪検出信号や失火判定信号の形成や、信号の減算処理、失火の判定処理を容易かつ短時間で行うことができ、シリンダの筒内圧力に近似する歪ゲージの歪検出信号に基づいて、精度良く失火を判定することができる。   According to the misfire detection method or apparatus for a gas engine according to claim 3 or 12, a strain gauge is provided in a fastener of a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure, and is set based on a rotation speed and an ignition angle of the gas engine. A misfire determination signal that is transmitted at the transmission point and has a determination waveform of a signal height set based on the supply pressure of the engine, the fuel supply amount, and the ignition angle is formed from the strain detection signal of the strain gauge. The misfire determination signal is subtracted, and misfire is determined based on the subtraction value corresponding to the determination waveform portion. Therefore, the strain gauge that detects the strain of the fastener is not exposed to the high-temperature atmosphere of the combustion gas, and the thermal load on the strain gauge is small, so that the strain gauge has high durability. In addition, the strain detection signal and misfire determination signal formation, signal subtraction processing, misfire determination processing can be performed easily and in a short time, and based on the strain detection signal of the strain gauge approximating the cylinder in-cylinder pressure, Misfire can be determined with high accuracy.

請求項５記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法によれば、１つの判定波形部からなる判定波形を有する失火判定信号により、完全燃焼と失火とを精度良く判定することができる。
請求項６記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法によれば、２つの判定波形部からなる判定波形を有する失火判定信号により、完全燃焼と完全失火と半失火とを精度良く判定することができる。 According to the misfire detection method for a gas engine according to the fifth aspect, complete combustion and misfire can be accurately determined by a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform composed of one determination waveform portion.
According to the misfire detection method of the gas engine according to the sixth aspect, complete combustion, complete misfire, and semi-misfire can be accurately determined by a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform composed of two determination waveform portions.

請求項７または１４記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法または装置によれば、３つの判定波形部からなる判定波形を有する失火判定信号により、完全燃焼と完全失火と軽度半失火と重度半失火とを精度良く判定することができる。   According to the misfire detection method or apparatus of the gas engine according to claim 7 or 14, complete combustion, complete misfire, mild semi-misfire, and severe semi-misfire are detected by a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform composed of three determination waveform portions. It can be determined with high accuracy.

請求項８または１５記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法または装置によれば、発信点から停止点まで長時間出力される台形波の１つの判定波形部からなる判定波形を有する失火判定信号により、完全燃焼、半失火、完全失火を精度良く判定することができる。   According to the misfire detection method or apparatus for a gas engine according to claim 8 or 15, the misfire determination signal having a determination waveform composed of one determination waveform portion of a trapezoidal wave that is output for a long time from the transmission point to the stop point. Combustion, semi-misfire, and complete misfire can be accurately determined.

請求項９記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法によれば、請求項８記載の発明において半失火の場合に、基準値より上位の累積減算値と下位の累積減算値とにより、重度半失火と軽度半失火とを精度良く判定することができる。   According to the misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 9, in the case of semi-misfire in the invention according to claim 8, a severe semi-misfire and a mildness are calculated by a cumulative subtraction value higher than a reference value and a lower cumulative subtraction value. Semi-misfire can be accurately determined.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
［実施の形態１］
（ガスエンジンの全体構造）
図１において、１１は都市ガスなどを燃料として発電機７を駆動するたとえば４気筒２サイクルのガスエンジンで、シリンダ制御装置（ＣＣＵ：Cylinder Control Unit）５により運転制御されている。前記シリンダ制御装置５は、ガスエンジン１１の運転状態のデータ、たとえば軸出力や給気圧力、燃料供給量、点火角などのデータがそれぞれ出力可能に構成されている。またクランク軸１０にはクランク軸１０の回転速度（ガスエンジンの回転速度）を検出するロータリーエンコーダなどからなる回転センサ６が設けられている。８は発電機７の発電監視制御盤で、たとえば発電出力などのデータが出力可能に構成されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Embodiment 1]
(Overall structure of gas engine)
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes, for example, a 4-cylinder 2-cycle gas engine that drives a generator 7 using city gas or the like as a fuel, and its operation is controlled by a cylinder control unit (CCU: Cylinder Control Unit) 5. The cylinder control device 5 is configured to be able to output data on the operating state of the gas engine 11, such as shaft output, supply air pressure, fuel supply amount, ignition angle, and the like. The crankshaft 10 is provided with a rotation sensor 6 including a rotary encoder for detecting the rotation speed of the crankshaft 10 (rotation speed of the gas engine). Reference numeral 8 denotes a power generation monitoring control panel of the power generator 7, which is configured to output data such as power generation output.

（失火検出装置）
図１〜図３に示すように、本発明に係る失火検出装置は、ガスエンジン１１の各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄ毎に設けられて燃焼に伴って変化する筒内圧力に近似する歪を検出して歪検出信号Ｐｘを出力する歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄと、発電監視制御盤８から出力される発電機７の発電出力（エンジン出力）、および回転センサ６により検出されたガスエンジン１１の回転速度、ならびにシリンダ制御装置５から出力される点火指示信号（点火角）に基づいて失火判定信号Ｐｊを形成し出力する判定信号形成部２と、前記歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄにより検出された歪検出信号Ｐｘから前記失火判定信号Ｐｊを減算処理して合成信号Ｊｘを形成する減算器３と、前記合成信号Ｊｘから燃焼状態を判定する失火判定部４とを具備し、燃焼状態を記録するメモリ９Ａが設けられている。また、失火判定部４に判定された燃焼状態が、たとえば重度半失火または完全失火の場合に、警告ブザーや警告ランプを作動させたり、表示装置に警告表示する出力装置９Ｂが設けられている。 (Misfire detection device)
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the misfire detection device according to the present invention detects a strain that is provided for each cylinder 11 a to 11 d of the gas engine 11 and approximates an in-cylinder pressure that changes with combustion. The strain gauges 1A to 1D that output the strain detection signal Px, the power generation output (engine output) of the generator 7 output from the power generation monitoring control panel 8, the rotational speed of the gas engine 11 detected by the rotation sensor 6, and The determination signal forming unit 2 that generates and outputs a misfire determination signal Pj based on the ignition instruction signal (ignition angle) output from the cylinder control device 5, and the strain detection signal Px detected by the strain gauges 1A to 1D. A memory that includes a subtractor 3 that subtracts the misfire determination signal Pj to form a combined signal Jx, and a misfire determination unit 4 that determines a combustion state from the combined signal Jx, and records the combustion state A is provided. In addition, when the combustion state determined by the misfire determination unit 4 is, for example, a severe semi-misfire or a complete misfire, an output device 9B that operates a warning buzzer or a warning lamp or displays a warning on a display device is provided.

実施の形態１は、１回の燃焼に対して矩形波の３つの判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３からなる判定波形を有する失火判定信号Ｐｊを形成し、完全燃焼、重度半失火、軽度半失火、完全失火を判定するものである。   The first embodiment forms a misfire determination signal Pj having a determination waveform composed of three determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3 of a rectangular wave for one combustion, and complete combustion, severe semi-misfire, mild semi-misfire, complete A misfire is determined.

（筒内圧力の検出）
各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの筒内圧力の検出は、燃焼ガスを直接検出すると、高温雰囲気下での検出となって検出器の耐久性や安定性に問題が生じやすい。そこで、燃焼時に各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄに発生する筒内圧力がシリンダヘッド１２で受け止められることから、シリンダ本体１３にシリンダヘッド１２を連結固定した締付けボルト（締結具）１４に圧力負荷がかかり応力が生じることに着目し、この失火検出装置では、前記締付けボルト１４に生じる歪を歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄにより検出することで、これを筒内圧力に近似する値として失火を判定する。 (In-cylinder pressure detection)
The detection of the in-cylinder pressure of each of the cylinders 11a to 11d is a detection in a high-temperature atmosphere when the combustion gas is directly detected, and a problem is likely to occur in the durability and stability of the detector. Therefore, the cylinder pressure generated in each of the cylinders 11a to 11d during combustion is received by the cylinder head 12, so that a pressure load is applied to the clamping bolt (fastener) 14 in which the cylinder head 12 is connected and fixed to the cylinder body 13, and stress is applied. Paying attention to the occurrence, the misfire detection device detects the strain generated in the tightening bolt 14 by the strain gauges 1A to 1D, and determines the misfire as a value approximate to the in-cylinder pressure.

すなわち、燃焼室を形成するシリンダ本体１３には、図示しないが点火装置を設けた副室や給排気弁などを有するシリンダヘッド１２が複数の締付けボルト１４により取り付けられており、図２に示すように、前記締付けボルト１４によりシリンダ本体１３のシリンダケース１３ａとシリンダヘッド１２のカバー体１２ａとが締結されている。燃焼時の筒内圧力は、締付けボルト１４を介してシリンダヘッド１２で受け止められ、これにより締付けボルト１４の軸部１４ａに引っ張り応力が生じるとともに、座金１４ｂに圧縮応力が生じる。このため、各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄ毎に複数本のうちの１本の締付けボルト１４の軸部１４ａまたは座金１４ｂに歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄが貼着固定される。   That is, a cylinder head 12 having a sub-chamber provided with an ignition device and a supply / exhaust valve (not shown) is attached to a cylinder body 13 forming a combustion chamber by a plurality of tightening bolts 14, as shown in FIG. Further, the cylinder case 13 a of the cylinder body 13 and the cover body 12 a of the cylinder head 12 are fastened by the tightening bolts 14. The in-cylinder pressure at the time of combustion is received by the cylinder head 12 via the tightening bolt 14, whereby a tensile stress is generated in the shaft portion 14 a of the tightening bolt 14 and a compressive stress is generated in the washer 14 b. For this reason, the strain gauges 1A to 1D are adhered and fixed to the shaft portion 14a or the washer 14b of one of the plurality of tightening bolts 14 for each cylinder 11a to 11d.

（歪検出信号）
１本のシリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄにおける１回の燃焼で前記歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄに検出される歪検出信号Ｐｘは、筒内圧力が負荷されない状態を基準位置０(V)として、山形の湾曲線状に出力される。たとえば、完全燃焼時の歪検出信号Ｐ１と、軽度半失火の歪検出信号Ｐ２ａと、重度半失火の歪検出信号Ｐ２ｂと、完全失火の歪検出信号Ｐ３とは、それぞれ図４（ａ）に示すように表される。 (Distortion detection signal)
The strain detection signals Px detected by the strain gauges 1A to 1D in one combustion in one cylinder 11a to 11d are in the form of a mountain-shaped curve with the state where the in-cylinder pressure is not applied as a reference position 0 (V). Is output. For example, a distortion detection signal P1 at the time of complete combustion, a distortion detection signal P2a of a light semi-misfire, a distortion detection signal P2b of a heavy semi-misfire, and a distortion detection signal P3 of a complete misfire are shown in FIG. It is expressed as follows.

前記完全燃焼時の歪検出信号Ｐ１は、ピストンの上昇に従って筒内圧力が増大され、点火点Ｓで点火装置に火花が発生して副室内の燃料が着火された後、着火点付近で燃焼室内に燃焼が拡大される。この着火点を越えると、筒内圧力が加速度的に増大されて歪が増加し、ピストンの上死点を越えてさらに筒内圧力が増大されて最大筒内圧力点となり、最大歪Ｐ１Ｃmaxが検出される。そして最大筒内圧力点を越えると、筒内圧力が下降するに従って歪が漸次下降される。   The distortion detection signal P1 at the time of complete combustion is such that the in-cylinder pressure increases as the piston rises, a spark is generated in the ignition device at the ignition point S, and the fuel in the sub chamber is ignited. Combustion is expanded. When the ignition point is exceeded, the in-cylinder pressure is accelerated to increase the strain, and the in-cylinder pressure is further increased beyond the top dead center of the piston to become the maximum in-cylinder pressure point, and the maximum strain P1Cmax is detected. The When the maximum in-cylinder pressure point is exceeded, the strain gradually decreases as the in-cylinder pressure decreases.

完全失火時の歪検出信号Ｐ３は、着火点で燃料に着火しないため、ピストンの上昇に伴う圧縮でのみ加圧されて筒内圧力が増大し、歪が増加する。したがって、上死点付近が最大筒内圧力点となって最大歪Ｐ３Ｃmaxが検出される。この最大筒内圧力点を越えると筒内圧力がゆっくりと下降されて歪が減少する。   Since the distortion detection signal P3 at the time of complete misfire does not ignite the fuel at the ignition point, it is pressurized only by the compression accompanying the rise of the piston, the cylinder pressure increases, and the distortion increases. Therefore, the vicinity of the top dead center becomes the maximum in-cylinder pressure point, and the maximum strain P3Cmax is detected. When the maximum in-cylinder pressure point is exceeded, the in-cylinder pressure is slowly lowered to reduce distortion.

半失火時の歪検出信号Ｐ２ａ，Ｐ２ｂは、着火点で燃料に着火されるが燃焼が燃焼室全体に広がらず完全燃焼しないため、完全燃焼時ほど筒内圧力が上がりきらない。そして半失火時の最大筒内圧力点に対応する最大歪が、完全燃焼時の最大歪Ｐ１Ｃmaxと完全失火時の最大歪Ｐ３Ｃmaxの間で検出される。また重度半失火の場合は、最大筒内圧力を越えてから比較的早く筒内圧力が減少して歪が早く下降し、また軽度半失火の場合は、最大筒内圧力点を越えてからゆっくりと筒内圧力が減少して歪が遅く下降する。   The strain detection signals P2a and P2b at the time of half misfire are ignited by the fuel at the ignition point, but the combustion does not spread over the entire combustion chamber and does not complete combustion, so the in-cylinder pressure does not rise as much as during complete combustion. The maximum strain corresponding to the maximum in-cylinder pressure point at the time of half misfire is detected between the maximum strain P1Cmax at the time of complete combustion and the maximum strain P3Cmax at the time of complete misfire. In the case of severe semi-misfire, the cylinder pressure decreases relatively quickly after exceeding the maximum in-cylinder pressure, and the strain decreases quickly.In the case of mild semi-misfire, the maximum in-cylinder pressure point is exceeded slowly. And the in-cylinder pressure decreases and the strain falls slowly.

（判定信号形成部と失火判定信号）
判定信号形成部２において形成される失火判定信号Ｐｊの判定波形は、図４（ｂ）に示すように、１本のシリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの１回の燃焼に対して、矩形波からなる３つの第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３を有している。図４（ｂ）のグラフは時間ｔを横軸に、電圧Ｖを縦軸に第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３が表されており、第１判定波形部（初期判定波形部）Ｐｊ１は、点火点Ｓから所定時間（ｔ１）経過後の完全燃焼時の最大歪発生時Ｔｐ（または僅かの時間が経過した後方近傍時）の発信点Ｔ１で発信され、第３判定波形部（終期判定波形部）Ｐｊ３は第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信点Ｔ１から所定時間（ｔ３）経過後で最小歪発生時までの間の発信点Ｔ３で発信され、第２判定波形部（中間判定波形部）Ｐｊ２は、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信点Ｔ１から所定時間（ｔ２）経過後で第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３の発信点Ｔ３までの間の発信点Ｔ２で発信される。 (Judgment signal formation part and misfire judgment signal)
As shown in FIG. 4B, the determination waveform of the misfire determination signal Pj formed in the determination signal forming unit 2 includes three rectangular waveforms for one combustion of one cylinder 11a to 11d. It has first to third determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3. In the graph of FIG. 4B, the first to third determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3 are represented with the time t on the horizontal axis and the voltage V on the vertical axis. The first determination waveform portion (initial determination waveform portion) Pj1. Is transmitted at the transmission point T1 at the time of the maximum strain occurrence Tp at the time of complete combustion after the lapse of a predetermined time (t1) from the ignition point S (or at the vicinity of the rear after a short time has elapsed), The determination waveform part) Pj3 is transmitted at a transmission point T3 between the transmission point T1 of the first determination waveform part Pj1 and the minimum distortion occurrence after a lapse of a predetermined time (t3), and the second determination waveform part (intermediate determination waveform part) ) Pj2 is transmitted at the transmission point T2 between the transmission point T1 of the first determination waveform part Pj1 and the transmission point T3 of the third determination waveform part Pj3 after a lapse of a predetermined time (t2).

・第１判定波形部の出力高さについて、
第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の出力高さＨｊ１は、ガスエンジン１の機関によってそれぞれ異って設定されるもので、発電監視制御盤８から出力される発電機７の発電出力（ガスエンジンの出力）Ｗを変数とした関数Ｑ１により設定される。 ・ About the output height of the first judgment waveform part
The output height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is set differently depending on the engine of the gas engine 1, and the power generation output of the generator 7 output from the power generation monitoring control panel 8 (gas engine output). It is set by the function Q1 with W as a variable.

関数Ｑ１＝ｆ（Ｗ）…（１）式
この（１）式により求められる出力高さＨｊ１は、完全燃焼時の最大筒内圧力Ｐ１maxにより求められた最大歪Ｐ１Ｃmaxと、完全失火時の最大筒内圧力Ｐ３maxにより求められた最大歪Ｐ３Ｃmaxの範囲内で、たとえばその中間位置［(Ｐ１Ｃmax＋Ｐ３Ｃmax)／２の位置］に対応するように設定される。 Function Q1 = f (W) (1) Expression The output height Hj1 obtained from the expression (1) is the maximum strain P1Cmax obtained from the maximum in-cylinder pressure P1max at the time of complete combustion and the maximum cylinder at the time of complete misfire. Within the range of the maximum strain P3Cmax determined by the internal pressure P3max, for example, it is set so as to correspond to the intermediate position [position of (P1Cmax + P3Cmax) / 2].

たとえば実験に使用したガスエンジンで説明すると、発電出力Ｗ＝０〜６０００kWの範囲で、実験値により完全燃焼時の最大筒内圧力Ｐ１maxは、
Ｐ１max(MPa)＝0.00145×Ｗ＋2.71で表される。 For example, in the case of the gas engine used in the experiment, the maximum in-cylinder pressure P1max at the time of complete combustion is determined from the experimental value in the range of the power generation output W = 0 to 6000 kW.
P1max (MPa) = 0.00145 × W + 2.71.

ここで締付けボルト１４で計測された歪は１MPaあたり約０．８μＳＴであるので、完全燃焼時の最大歪Ｐ１Ｃmaxは、
Ｐ１Ｃmax(V)＝(0.00145×Ｗ＋2.71)×0.8となる。
同様にして、完全失火時の最大筒内圧力Ｐ３maxは、
Ｐ３max(MPa)＝0.00113×Ｗ＋0.327で表されるので、完全失火時の最大圧歪Ｐ３Ｃmaxは、
Ｐ３Ｃmax＝(0.00113×Ｗ＋0.327)×0.8となる。 Here, since the strain measured with the tightening bolt 14 is about 0.8 μST per 1 MPa, the maximum strain P1Cmax during complete combustion is
P1Cmax (V) = (0.00145 × W + 2.71) × 0.8.
Similarly, the maximum in-cylinder pressure P3max at the time of complete misfire is
Since P3max (MPa) = 0.00113 × W + 0.327, the maximum pressure strain P3Cmax at the time of complete misfire is
P3Cmax = (0.00113 × W + 0.327) × 0.8.

したがって、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の出力高さＨｊ１は、完全燃焼時の最大歪と完全失火時の最大歪の中間位置に設定されるので、
Ｑ１(MPa)＝ｆ（Ｗ）＝(0.00129×Ｗ＋1.519)×0.8で表される。なお、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の出力高さＨｊ１は、このＱ１を電圧に変換した値である。 Therefore, the output height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is set at an intermediate position between the maximum strain at the time of complete combustion and the maximum strain at the time of complete misfire.
Q1 (MPa) = f (W) = (0.00129 × W + 1.519) × 0.8. The output height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is a value obtained by converting Q1 into a voltage.

・第１判定波形部の発信点について、
第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の出力タイミングである発信点Ｔ１は、回転センサ６により検出されるガスエンジン１１の回転速度と、シリンダ制御装置５から各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄ毎に出力される点火指示信号の点火点（点火角）Ｓと、点火点Ｓから発信点Ｔ１までの回転角θｊに基づいて、関数Ｑ２により求められる。点火点Ｓから発信点Ｔ１まで、クランク軸１０が回転角θｊの回転に要する時間ｔ１は、ガスエンジン１１の回転速度により変化し、回転速度の出力単位が回転数／分（r.p.m）であることから、
Ｑ２＝ｆ（Ｚ）＝θｊ／［（Ｚ／６０）×３６０］＝ｔ１…（２）式で表される。 ・ About the transmission point of the first judgment waveform part
The transmission point T1, which is the output timing of the first determination waveform portion Pj1, is the rotation speed of the gas engine 11 detected by the rotation sensor 6 and the ignition instruction signal output from the cylinder controller 5 for each of the cylinders 11a to 11d. Based on the ignition point (ignition angle) S and the rotation angle θj from the ignition point S to the transmission point T1, it is obtained by the function Q2. The time t1 required for the crankshaft 10 to rotate at the rotation angle θj from the ignition point S to the transmission point T1 varies depending on the rotation speed of the gas engine 11, and the output unit of the rotation speed is rotation speed / minute (rpm). From
Q2 = f (Z) = θj / [(Z / 60) × 360] = t1 (Expression (2))

ここで、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信点Ｔ１は、完全燃焼時の最大歪発生時Ｔｐ（またはその後方近傍時）となる。
・第２判定波形部の発信高さと発信点について、
第２判定波形部Ｐｊ２の発信点Ｔ２は、完全燃焼時の最大歪発生時Ｔｐからクランク軸１０が１５°回転するのに要する時間ｔ２に設定される。これは、最大歪発生時Ｔｐからクランク軸１０が１５°回転した位置の歪が完全燃焼時の歪に達していないと、この後に時間が経過しても、完全燃焼時の歪に達しないことが実験により確認されているためである。したがって、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信点Ｔ１が完全燃焼時の最大歪発生時Ｔｐとした場合、クランク軸１０が１５°回転に要する時間は１５／［（Ｚ／６０）×３６０］となるので、点火点Ｓから発信点Ｔ２までの時間ｔ１＋ｔ２が、ｔ１＋１５／［（Ｚ／６０）×３６０］で表される。 Here, the transmission point T1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is the time Tp when the maximum distortion occurs during complete combustion (or the vicinity thereof).
・ About the transmission height and transmission point of the second judgment waveform part
The transmission point T2 of the second determination waveform portion Pj2 is set to a time t2 required for the crankshaft 10 to rotate 15 ° from the maximum distortion occurrence time Tp during complete combustion. This is because if the distortion at the position where the crankshaft 10 is rotated by 15 ° from the maximum distortion occurrence time Tp has not reached the distortion at the time of complete combustion, the distortion at the time of complete combustion will not be reached even if time passes thereafter. This is because it has been confirmed by experiments. Therefore, when the transmission point T1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is Tp when the maximum distortion occurs during complete combustion, the time required for the crankshaft 10 to rotate by 15 ° is 15 / [(Z / 60) × 360]. Therefore, the time t1 + t2 from the ignition point S to the transmission point T2 is represented by t1 + 15 / [(Z / 60) × 360].

また第２判定波形部Ｐｊ２の信号高さＨｊ２は、実験値からたとえば第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１の２／３に設定される。
・第３判定波形部の発信高さと発信点について、
第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３の発信点Ｔ３は、完全燃焼時の最大歪発生時Ｔｐからクランク軸１０が３５°回転するのに要する時間ｔ３に設定される。これは、最大歪発生時Ｔｐの発生位置からクランク軸１０が３５°回転した位置で歪が完全燃焼時の歪に達していないと、この後時間が経過しても、歪が上昇しないことが実験により確認されているためである。したがって、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信点Ｔ１が完全燃焼時の最大歪発生時Ｔｐである場合、ガスエンジン１１の回転速度Ｚ(r.p.m)で、クランク軸１０が３５°回転するのに要する時間は３５／［（Ｚ／６０）×３６０］であり、点火点Ｓから発信点Ｔ３までの時間ｔ１＋ｔ３＝ｔ１＋３５／［（Ｚ／６０）×３６０］となる。 Further, the signal height Hj2 of the second determination waveform portion Pj2 is set to 2/3 of the signal height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 from experimental values, for example.
・ About the transmission height and transmission point of the third judgment waveform part
The transmission point T3 of the third determination waveform portion Pj3 is set to a time t3 required for the crankshaft 10 to rotate 35 ° from the maximum distortion occurrence time Tp during complete combustion. This is because if the strain does not reach the strain at the time of complete combustion at the position where the crankshaft 10 has rotated 35 ° from the position where the maximum strain has occurred Tp, the strain will not increase even if time passes thereafter. This is because it has been confirmed by experiments. Therefore, when the transmission point T1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is the maximum strain occurrence time Tp during complete combustion, the time required for the crankshaft 10 to rotate 35 ° at the rotational speed Z (rpm) of the gas engine 11 Is 35 / [(Z / 60) × 360], and the time from the ignition point S to the transmission point T3 is t1 + t3 = t1 + 35 / [(Z / 60) × 360].

またこの第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３の信号高さＨｊ３は、実験値からたとえば第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１の１／３に設定されている。
（第１〜第３判定波形部の信号幅）
第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３の信号幅（出力時間）Ｗｊは、減算器３において歪検出信号Ｐｘから第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３がそれぞれ減算でき失火判定部４で判定可能な幅であればよく、図では実際より広く表される。 The signal height Hj3 of the third determination waveform portion Pj3 is set to, for example, 1/3 of the signal height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 from experimental values.
(Signal width of first to third determination waveform portions)
The signal width (output time) Wj of the first to third determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3 can be subtracted by the first to third determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3 from the distortion detection signal Px in the subtractor 3, respectively. The width may be any width that can be determined, and is represented wider in the drawing.

（減算器・失火判定部）
図５に示すように、減算器３において、アナログ信号である歪検出信号Ｐｘ（Ｐ１〜Ｐ３）から、判定信号形成部２のアナログ信号である失火判定信号Ｐｊを減算して合成信号Ｊｘを形成し、第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３にそれぞれ対応する３つの第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３をそれぞれ形成する。 (Subtractor / Misfire detection unit)
As shown in FIG. 5, the subtracter 3 subtracts the misfire determination signal Pj, which is an analog signal of the determination signal forming unit 2, from the distortion detection signal Px (P1-P3), which is an analog signal, to form a composite signal Jx. Then, three first to third subtraction waveform portions J1 to J3 respectively corresponding to the first to third determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3 are formed.

ついで失火判定部４により、第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３の値（初期減算値、中間減算値、終期減算値）が基準値である０より高い正の値か、０以下の０または負の値かどうかで、完全燃焼、軽度半失火、重度半失火、完全失火を判定する。   Subsequently, the misfire determination unit 4 determines that the values of the first to third subtraction waveform units J1 to J3 (initial subtraction value, intermediate subtraction value, and final subtraction value) are positive values higher than the reference value of 0, or 0 of 0 or less. Whether it is a negative value or not is judged as complete combustion, mild half misfire, severe half misfire, or complete misfire.

すなわち、失火判定部４では、図５（ａ）に示すように、第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３の値がすべて０を越える正の値であれば完全燃焼と判定する。また図５（ｄ）に示すように、第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３の値がすべて０または負の値であれば完全失火と判定する。さらに図５（ｂ）に示すように、第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３のうち、２つの減算波形部、たとえば第２，第３減算波形部Ｊ２，Ｊ３が正の値で、残りの１つの第１減算波形部Ｊ１が０または負の値であれば、軽度半失火と判定する。さらに図５（ｃ）に示すように、第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３のうち、１つの合成信号、たとえば第３減算波形部Ｊ３が正の値で、残りの２つの第１，第２減算波形部Ｊ１，Ｊ２が０または負の値であれば、重度半失火と判定する。   That is, the misfire determination unit 4 determines complete combustion if the values of the first to third subtraction waveform units J1 to J3 are all positive values exceeding 0, as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 5D, if all the values of the first to third subtraction waveform portions J1 to J3 are 0 or a negative value, it is determined that complete misfire has occurred. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, of the first to third subtraction waveform sections J1 to J3, two subtraction waveform sections, for example, the second and third subtraction waveform sections J2 and J3 are positive values, and the remaining If one of the first subtraction waveform portions J1 is 0 or a negative value, it is determined as a mild half misfire. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), one of the first to third subtraction waveform portions J1 to J3, one composite signal, for example, the third subtraction waveform portion J3 has a positive value, and the remaining two first and first subtraction waveform portions J1 to J3 are positive. If the second subtracted waveform portions J1 and J2 are 0 or a negative value, it is determined that a severe half misfire has occurred.

ここで説明した各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄ毎に歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄから出力され加算された歪検出信号Ｐｘと、判定信号形成部２により形成され出力された失火判定信号Ｐｊと、減算器３で形成された合成信号Ｊｘとを図６（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示す。図６において、失火判定部４では、３つ目のシリンダ１１ｃの第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３の値がすべて０または負の値であるので、完全失火と判定される。   A strain detection signal Px output from the strain gauges 1A to 1D and added for each cylinder 11a to 11d described above, a misfire determination signal Pj formed and output by the determination signal forming unit 2, and a subtractor 3. The synthesized signal Jx is shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (c). In FIG. 6, the misfire determination unit 4 determines that complete misfire has occurred because the values of the first to third subtraction waveform units J1 to J3 of the third cylinder 11c are all 0 or a negative value.

上記実施の形態１において、各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄのシリンダヘッド１２を取り付ける締付けボルト１４の軸部１４ａまたは座金１４ｂに、歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄを取り付け、各歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄからシリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの筒内圧力の近似値として歪を取り出す（ステップ１）。   In the first embodiment, the strain gauges 1A to 1D are attached to the shaft portion 14a or the washer 14b of the tightening bolt 14 to which the cylinder heads 12 of the cylinders 11a to 11d are attached, and the cylinders 11a to 11d are connected to the strain gauges 1A to 1D. Strain is taken out as an approximate value of the in-cylinder pressure (step 1).

そして判定信号形成部２では、失火判定信号Ｐｊの第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１を出力する発信点Ｔ１を、シリンダ制御装置５から出力される点火指示信号の点火点Ｓを基準として、回転センサ６により検出されたガスエンジン１１の回転速度Ｚを関数Ｑ２に代入して求める。さらに第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１を、発電監視制御盤７から出力された発電出力Ｗを変数とする関数Ｑ１に代入して求める。さらに第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信点Ｔ１と出力高さＨｊ１とに基づいて、第２判定波形部Ｐｊ２と第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３の発信点Ｔ２，Ｔ３および出力高さＨｊ２，Ｈｊ３とを求める（ステップ２）。   Then, in the determination signal forming unit 2, the transmission point T1 for outputting the first determination waveform portion Pj1 of the misfire determination signal Pj is determined by the rotation sensor 6 with the ignition point S of the ignition instruction signal output from the cylinder controller 5 as a reference. The detected rotation speed Z of the gas engine 11 is obtained by substituting it into the function Q2. Further, the signal height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is obtained by substituting it into the function Q1 having the power generation output W output from the power generation monitoring control panel 7 as a variable. Further, based on the transmission point T1 and the output height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1, the transmission points T2 and T3 and the output heights Hj2 and Hj3 of the second determination waveform portion Pj2 and the third determination waveform portion Pj3 are obtained. (Step 2).

さらに減算器３で歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄのアナログ信号である歪検出信号Ｐｘからアナログ信号である失火判定信号Ｐｊを減算して合成信号Ｊｘを形成する（ステップ３）。そして失火判定部４では、合成信号Ｊｘにおいて、第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３に対応する第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３に基づいて、各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄ毎に完全燃焼、軽度半失火、重度半失火、完全失火を判定する（ステップ３）。そしてこの燃焼状態をメモリ９Ａに記録し、また重度半失火、完全失火の場合には、出力装置９Ｂに出力して警告ブザーや警告ランプを作動させたり、表示装置に警告表示する。   Further, the subtractor 3 subtracts the misfire determination signal Pj, which is an analog signal, from the strain detection signal Px, which is an analog signal of the strain gauges 1A to 1D, to form a composite signal Jx (step 3). And in the misfire determination part 4, based on the 1st-3rd subtraction waveform part J1-J3 corresponding to the 1st-3rd determination waveform part Pj1-Pj3 in the synthetic | combination signal Jx, complete combustion for every cylinder 11a-11d Slight, minor misfire, severe half misfire, and complete misfire are determined (step 3). This combustion state is recorded in the memory 9A, and in the case of severe semi-misfire or complete misfire, it is output to the output device 9B to activate a warning buzzer or warning lamp, or display a warning on the display device.

ここでシリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの１つに重度半失火や完全失火が多い場合には、そのシリンダへの燃料供給を停止し、他のシリンダはそのまま運転を継続する。そして休止時にそのシリンダを点検する。２つ以上のシリンダに重度半失火や完全失火が多い場合には、ガスエンジン１１を停止して問題のシリンダを点検する。   Here, when one of the cylinders 11a to 11d has a severe semi-misfire or complete misfire, the fuel supply to the cylinder is stopped, and the other cylinders continue to operate. Then check the cylinder at rest. If two or more cylinders are severely misfired or completely misfired, the gas engine 11 is stopped and the cylinder in question is checked.

上記実施の形態１によれば、締付けボルト１４の軸部１４ａまたは座金１４ｂに取り付けられた歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄにより、各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの筒内圧力の近似値として歪を検出するので、直接高温ガスの温度や圧力、成分などを検出する検出器に比較して熱的負荷が少なく、歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄの寿命を長くできてメンテナンスコストを抑制することができる。   According to the first embodiment, the strain is detected as an approximate value of the in-cylinder pressure of each cylinder 11a to 11d by the strain gauges 1A to 1D attached to the shaft portion 14a or the washer 14b of the tightening bolt 14. Compared to a detector that detects the temperature, pressure, component, and the like of the high-temperature gas, the thermal load is small, the life of the strain gauges 1A to 1D can be extended, and the maintenance cost can be suppressed.

また減算器３により、歪ゲージ１Ａ〜１Ｄのアナログ信号である歪検出信号Ｐｘからアナログ信号である失火判定信号Ｐｊを減算して合成信号Ｊｘを形成し、失火判定部４で、第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３に対応する第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３の値が、基準値である０を越える正の値か、または０以下の０または負の値かで、各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄ毎に完全燃焼、完全失火、軽度半失火、重度半失火を判定するので、失火判定するための信号処理を容易かつ短時間で行え、ガスエンジンの運転状態に対応して精度良く燃焼状態を判定することができる。   Further, the subtractor 3 subtracts the misfire determination signal Pj, which is an analog signal, from the strain detection signal Px, which is an analog signal of the strain gauges 1A-1D, to form a composite signal Jx. Each of the first to third subtractive waveform portions J1 to J3 corresponding to the three determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3 is a positive value exceeding the reference value of 0, 0 or a negative value of 0 or less, and Since complete combustion, complete misfire, mild semi-misfire, and severe semi-misfire are determined for each cylinder 11a to 11d, signal processing for misfire determination can be performed easily and in a short time, and the accuracy corresponding to the operating state of the gas engine can be achieved. The combustion state can be determined.

なお、上記実施の形態１において、判定信号形成部２で第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１を求める関数Ｑ１の変数として、発電出力Ｗを用いたが、シリンダ制御装置５から出力される軸出力Ａであってもよい。ここで発電出力Ｗ＝軸出力Ａ×（発電機７の発電効率）の関係にある。   In the first embodiment, the power generation output W is used as the variable of the function Q1 for determining the signal height Hj1 of the first determination waveform section Pj1 in the determination signal forming section 2, but it is output from the cylinder controller 5. The shaft output A may be used. Here, there is a relationship of power generation output W = shaft output A × (power generation efficiency of the generator 7).

また、判定信号形成部２で発信点Ｔ１を求める関数Ｑ２の基準位置として、シリンダ制御装置５から出力される点火指示信号の点火点Ｓとしたが、ガスエンジン１１において１サイクル毎に出力される基準位置信号（トップマーク）を基準として発信点を求めることもできる。この場合には、各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄ毎の発信点Ｔ１は、各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄのクランク角に基づいてそれぞれ設定すればよい。   Further, the reference position of the function Q2 for obtaining the transmission point T1 in the determination signal forming unit 2 is set as the ignition point S of the ignition instruction signal output from the cylinder control device 5, but is output every cycle in the gas engine 11. The transmission point can also be obtained based on the reference position signal (top mark). In this case, the transmission point T1 for each cylinder 11a to 11d may be set based on the crank angle of each cylinder 11a to 11d.

さらに減算器３で合成信号Ｊｘを形成し、失火判定部４で第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３に対応する第１〜第３減算波形部Ｊ１〜Ｊ３に基づいて燃焼状態を判定したが、減算器３で第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３に対応する減算値をそれぞれ検出し、失火判定部４でこれら減算値に基づいて燃焼状態を判定してもよい。   Further, the subtracter 3 forms a composite signal Jx, and the misfire determination unit 4 determines the combustion state based on the first to third subtraction waveform units J1 to J3 corresponding to the first to third determination waveform units Pj1 to Pj3. However, the subtractor 3 may detect the subtraction values corresponding to the first to third determination waveform sections Pj1 to Pj3, respectively, and the misfire determination section 4 may determine the combustion state based on these subtraction values.

さらにまた、上記実施の形態１では、中間判定波形部Ｐｊ２を１つとしたが、複数個形成することもできる。この場合、各判定波形部に対応する減算値のうち、基準値である０を超える減算値の数と、０以下の減算値の数が同じ時には、重度失火と判定する。   Furthermore, in the first embodiment, one intermediate determination waveform portion Pj2 is used. However, a plurality of intermediate determination waveform portions Pj2 may be formed. In this case, when the number of subtraction values exceeding 0 as the reference value among the subtraction values corresponding to each determination waveform portion is the same as the number of subtraction values equal to or less than 0, it is determined that a severe misfire has occurred.

［実施の形態２］
この実施の形態２は、実施の形態１において判定信号形成部２で形成される第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１を、発電機７の発電出力Ｗに代えて、シリンダ制御装置５から出力される給気圧力Ｂ１と燃料供給量Ｂ２と点火指示信号の点火角Ｂ３に基づいて求めるもので、図７および図８を参照して説明する。なお、実施の形態１と同一部材には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。 [Embodiment 2]
In this second embodiment, the signal height Hj1 of the first determination waveform section Pj1 formed by the determination signal forming section 2 in the first embodiment is replaced with the power generation output W of the generator 7 from the cylinder controller 5. This is obtained based on the output air supply pressure B1, the fuel supply amount B2, and the ignition angle B3 of the ignition instruction signal, and will be described with reference to FIGS. The same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

判定信号形成部２において、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１が、シリンダ制御装置５から出力される給気圧力Ｂ１（ｋＰａ）と燃料供給量Ｂ２（Ｎｍ３／ｈｒ）と点火指示信号の点火角Ｂ３（°）とを変数とした関数Ｑ３により求められる。 In the determination signal forming unit 2, the signal height Hj1 of the first determination waveform unit Pj1 is determined based on the supply pressure B1 (kPa), the fuel supply amount B2 (Nm 3 / hr) output from the cylinder control device 5, and the ignition instruction signal. Is obtained by a function Q3 with the ignition angle B3 (°) as a variable.

Ｑ３＝ｆ（Ｂ１，Ｂ２，Ｂ３）…（３）式
シリンダ制御装置５から出力される給気圧力Ｂ１と燃料供給量Ｂ２と点火角Ｂ３に基づき、上記（３）式を使用して、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１ごとに信号高さＨｊ１を求めてもよいが、ここでは、試験運転された実験データから、図８に示すように、燃料供給量Ｂ２における給気圧力Ｂ１と点火角Ｂ３とに基づいて、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１を求めるデータテーブル２１を予め作成しておく。そしてシリンダ制御装置５から出力された給気圧力Ｂ１と燃料供給量Ｂ２と点火角Ｂ３から、データテーブル２１によって信号高さＨｊ１を設定する。 Q3 = f (B1, B2, B3) (3) Formula Based on the supply pressure B1, the fuel supply amount B2, and the ignition angle B3 output from the cylinder control device 5, the above formula (3) is used to calculate The signal height Hj1 may be obtained for each determination waveform portion Pj1, but here, as shown in FIG. 8, the supply air pressure B1 and the ignition angle B3 at the fuel supply amount B2 are obtained from the experimentally operated experimental data. Based on the above, a data table 21 for obtaining the signal height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is created in advance. Then, the signal height Hj1 is set by the data table 21 from the supply air pressure B1, the fuel supply amount B2, and the ignition angle B3 output from the cylinder control device 5.

また第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信点Ｔ１と、第２，第３判定波形部Ｐｊ２，Ｐｊ３の信号高さＨｊ２，Ｈｊ３および発信点Ｔ２，Ｔ３は、実施の形態１と同様に求められる。
なお、点火角Ｂ３は、基準点火角から１°遅れるごとに最高筒内圧力が所定量ずつ低下するという関係にある。 Further, the transmission point T1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1, the signal heights Hj2, Hj3 and the transmission points T2, T3 of the second and third determination waveform portions Pj2, Pj3 are obtained in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
The ignition angle B3 has a relationship that the maximum in-cylinder pressure decreases by a predetermined amount every time the reference ignition angle is delayed by 1 °.

上記実施の形態２によれば、発電出力Ｗ（または軸出力Ａ）に代えて、燃料供給量Ｂ２と給気圧力Ｂ１と点火角Ｂ３に基づいて失火判定信号Ｐｊの第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信高さＨｊ１を求めることができ、これにより実施の形態１と同様の作用効果を奏することができる。   According to the second embodiment, the first determination waveform portion Pj1 of the misfire determination signal Pj is based on the fuel supply amount B2, the supply air pressure B1, and the ignition angle B3 instead of the power generation output W (or the shaft output A). The transmission height Hj1 can be obtained, and thereby the same operational effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

［実施の形態３］
実施の形態１，２では、シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの１回の燃焼に対する失火判定信号Ｐｊの判定波形を、３つの第１〜第２判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３により構成したが、この実施の形態３では、シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの１回の燃焼に対する失火判定信号Ｐｊの判定波形を、１つの判定波形部Ｐｊ１により構成したものである。これにより完全燃焼か失火かを判定するもので、図９を参照して説明する。なお、先の実施の形態と同一部材には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。 [Embodiment 3]
In the first and second embodiments, the determination waveform of the misfire determination signal Pj for one combustion of the cylinders 11a to 11d is configured by the three first to second determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3. Then, the determination waveform of the misfire determination signal Pj for one combustion of the cylinders 11a to 11d is configured by one determination waveform portion Pj1. This determines whether complete combustion or misfire, and will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the same members as those of the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

図９（ａ）に示すように、判定信号形成部２では、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１のみを有する失火判定信号Ｐｊ’を形成する。この第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１は、実施の形態１の失火判定信号Ｐｊの第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１と同一であり、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１および発信点Ｔ１の設定方法は、実施の形態１と同様に求められる。   As shown in FIG. 9A, the determination signal forming unit 2 forms a misfire determination signal Pj ′ having only the first determination waveform portion Pj1. This first determination waveform portion Pj1 is the same as the first determination waveform portion Pj1 of the misfire determination signal Pj of the first embodiment, and the method of setting the signal height Hj1 and the transmission point T1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 is as follows. It is obtained in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

そして減算器３で、歪検出信号Ｐｘから失火判定信号Ｐｊ’を減算して合成信号Ｊｘ’を形成する。失火判定部４では、図９（ｂ）に示すように、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１に対応する第１減算波形部Ｊ１が基準値である０を越えた正の値であれば完全燃焼と判定し、また図９（ｃ）に示すように、第１減算波形部Ｊ１が０または負の値であれば失火（半失火または完全失火）と判定する。   Then, the subtracter 3 subtracts the misfire determination signal Pj ′ from the distortion detection signal Px to form a composite signal Jx ′. As shown in FIG. 9B, the misfire determination unit 4 determines complete combustion if the first subtraction waveform unit J1 corresponding to the first determination waveform unit Pj1 is a positive value exceeding the reference value of 0. In addition, as shown in FIG. 9C, if the first subtraction waveform portion J1 is 0 or a negative value, it is determined that misfire (half misfire or complete misfire).

上記実施の形態３によれば、１つの判定波形部Ｐｊ１を有する失火判定信号Ｐｊ’により、簡単な構造で、各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄが完全燃焼しているか、または完全燃焼していない失火状態なのかを容易に判定することができる。   According to the third embodiment, the misfire determination signal Pj ′ having one determination waveform portion Pj1 is used to make the cylinders 11a to 11d completely burned or not misfired with a simple structure. Can be easily determined.

［実施の形態４］
実施の形態４は、１本のシリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの１回の燃焼に対する失火判定信号Ｐｊ”の判定波形を、２つの判定波形部Ｐｊ１，Ｐｊ３により構成して、完全燃焼か、完全失火か、半失火かを判定するもので、図１０を参照して説明する。なお、先の実施の形態と同一部材には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。 [Embodiment 4]
In the fourth embodiment, the determination waveform of the misfire determination signal Pj ″ for one combustion of one cylinder 11a to 11d is configured by two determination waveform portions Pj1 and Pj3, and whether complete combustion or complete misfire is performed. It is determined whether it is a semi-misfire, and will be described with reference to Fig. 10. Note that the same members as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

図１０（ａ），（ｂ）に示すように、判定信号形成部２では、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１と第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３を有する失火判定信号Ｐｊ”を形成する。この第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１と第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３は、実施の形態１の失火判定信号Ｐｊの第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１と第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３と同一であり、それぞれの信号高さＨｊ１，Ｈｊ３および発信点Ｔ１，Ｔ３の設定方法は、実施の形態１と同様に求められる。   As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the determination signal forming unit 2 forms a misfire determination signal Pj ″ having a first determination waveform portion Pj1 and a third determination waveform portion Pj3. This first determination waveform. The part Pj1 and the third determination waveform part Pj3 are the same as the first determination waveform part Pj1 and the third determination waveform part Pj3 of the misfire determination signal Pj of the first embodiment, and the respective signal heights Hj1, Hj3 and transmission point The setting method of T1 and T3 is obtained in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

そして減算器３で歪検出信号Ｐｘから失火判定信号Ｐｊ”を減算して合成信号Ｊｘ”を形成する。失火判定部４では、図１０（ｃ）に示すように、第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１に対応する第１減算波形部Ｊ１および第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３に対応する第３減算波形部Ｊ３が、それぞれ基準値である０を越えた正の値であれば完全燃焼と判定する。また図１０（ｄ）に示すように、第１減算波形部Ｊ１および第３減算波形部Ｊ３が０または負の値であれば完全失火と判定する。さらに図１０（ｅ）に示すように、第１減算波形部Ｊ１と第３減算波形部Ｊ３の一方が正の値で、他方が０または負の値であれば半失火と判定する。   The subtractor 3 subtracts the misfire determination signal Pj ″ from the distortion detection signal Px to form a composite signal Jx ″. In the misfire determination unit 4, as shown in FIG. 10C, a first subtraction waveform unit J1 corresponding to the first determination waveform unit Pj1 and a third subtraction waveform unit J3 corresponding to the third determination waveform unit Pj3 are respectively provided. If the positive value exceeds the reference value of 0, it is determined that the combustion is complete. Further, as shown in FIG. 10D, if the first subtraction waveform portion J1 and the third subtraction waveform portion J3 are 0 or a negative value, it is determined that complete misfire has occurred. Further, as shown in FIG. 10 (e), if one of the first subtraction waveform portion J1 and the third subtraction waveform portion J3 is a positive value and the other is 0 or a negative value, it is determined as a semi-misfire.

上記実施の形態４によれば、２つの判定波形部Ｐｊ１，Ｐｊ３からなる判定波形を有する失火判定信号Ｐｊ”により、完全燃焼か、完全失火か、半失火かを判定することができる。したがって、簡単な構造で、エンジン１１の各シリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄが完全燃焼しているか、完全失火しているか、半失火しているかを容易に検出することができる。   According to the fourth embodiment, it is possible to determine whether the combustion is complete combustion, complete misfire, or semi-misfire based on the misfire determination signal Pj ″ having the determination waveform including the two determination waveform portions Pj1 and Pj3. With a simple structure, it is possible to easily detect whether the cylinders 11a to 11d of the engine 11 are completely burned, completely misfired, or semi-misfired.

なお、第１〜第３判定波形部Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３を矩形波としたが、サインカーブなどの曲線波とすることもできる。
［実施の形態５］
この実施の形態５は、１本のシリンダ１１ａ〜１１ｄの１回の燃焼に対する失火判定信号Ｐｔの判定波形を、１つの台形波の判定波形部Ｐｊｔにより構成し、燃焼状態、すなわち完全燃焼か、完全失火か、軽度半失火か、重度半失火かを判定するもので、図１１を参照して説明する。なお、実施の形態１と同一部材には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。 Although the first to third determination waveform portions Pj1 to Pj3 are rectangular waves, they may be curved waves such as a sine curve.
[Embodiment 5]
In the fifth embodiment, the determination waveform of the misfire determination signal Pt for one combustion of one cylinder 11a to 11d is configured by one trapezoidal wave determination waveform portion Pjt, and the combustion state, that is, complete combustion, It is determined whether it is a complete misfire, a mild semi-misfire, or a severe semi-misfire, and will be described with reference to FIG. The same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

図１１（ａ）に示すように、判定信号形成部２では、１つの台形波の失火判定信号Ｐｔからなる判定波形部Ｐｊｔを形成する。この判定波形部Ｐｊｔは、発信点Ｔｓから所定時間ｔ３経過後の停止点Ｔｅにわたって発信され、かつ発信点Ｔｓの信号高さＨｊｓより停止点Ｔｅの信号高さＨｊｅが小さい台形波に形成される。   As shown in FIG. 11A, the determination signal forming unit 2 forms a determination waveform portion Pjt composed of one trapezoidal wave misfire determination signal Pt. This determination waveform portion Pjt is transmitted from a transmission point Ts over a stop point Te after a lapse of a predetermined time t3, and is formed into a trapezoidal wave in which the signal height Hje of the stop point Te is smaller than the signal height Hjs of the transmission point Ts. .

判定波形部Ｐｊｔの発信点Ｔｓは、実施の形態１の第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の発信点Ｔ１と同じで、また停止点Ｔｅは、実施の形態１の第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３の発信点Ｔ３と同じであり、回転センサ６により検出されたガスエンジン１１の回転速度Ｚを変数とした関数Ｑ２により求められる。   The transmission point Ts of the determination waveform part Pjt is the same as the transmission point T1 of the first determination waveform part Pj1 of the first embodiment, and the stop point Te is the transmission point T3 of the third determination waveform part Pj3 of the first embodiment. And is obtained by a function Q2 with the rotational speed Z of the gas engine 11 detected by the rotation sensor 6 as a variable.

判定波形部Ｐｊｔの発信点Ｔｓの信号高さＨｊｓは、実施の形態１の第１判定波形部Ｐｊ１の信号高さＨｊ１と同じであり、発電出力Ｗ（または軸出力Ａ）を変数とする関数Ｑ１、または給気圧力Ｂ１と燃料供給量Ｂ２と点火角Ｂ３を変数とする関数Ｑ３により求められる。   The signal height Hjs of the transmission point Ts of the determination waveform portion Pjt is the same as the signal height Hj1 of the first determination waveform portion Pj1 of the first embodiment, and the function uses the power generation output W (or shaft output A) as a variable. Q1 or a function Q3 having the supply air pressure B1, the fuel supply amount B2, and the ignition angle B3 as variables.

また判定波形部Ｐｊｐの停止点Ｔｅの信号高さＨｊｅは、実施の形態１の第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３の信号高さＨｊ３と同じであり、信号高さＨｊｓ（Ｈｊ１）の１／３に設定され、その停止点Ｔｅは、実施の形態１の第３判定波形部Ｐｊ３の発信点Ｔ３と同一に設定される。   The signal height Hje of the stop point Te of the determination waveform portion Pjp is the same as the signal height Hj3 of the third determination waveform portion Pj3 of the first embodiment, and is set to 1/3 of the signal height Hjs (Hj1). The stop point Te is set to be the same as the transmission point T3 of the third determination waveform portion Pj3 of the first embodiment.

減算器３では、歪検出信号Ｐｘから失火判定信号Ｐｔを減算し、判定波形部Ｐｊｔに対応する減算波形部Ｊｐを有する合成信号Ｊｔを形成する。
失火判定部４は、図１１（ｂ）に示すように、合成信号Ｊｔにおいて判定波形部Ｐｊｔに対応する減算波形部Ｊｐが基準値である０より大きい正の値である時に完全燃焼と判定し、図１１（ｃ）に示すように、減算波形部Ｊｐが０か負の値である時に完全失火と判定し、さらに減算波形部Ｊｐの一部が正の値でかつ残部が負の値である時に半失火と判定する。 The subtracter 3 subtracts the misfire determination signal Pt from the distortion detection signal Px to form a composite signal Jt having a subtraction waveform portion Jp corresponding to the determination waveform portion Pjt.
As shown in FIG. 11B, the misfire determination unit 4 determines complete combustion when the subtraction waveform part Jp corresponding to the determination waveform part Pjt is a positive value larger than 0, which is the reference value, in the composite signal Jt. As shown in FIG. 11C, when the subtraction waveform portion Jp is 0 or a negative value, it is determined that a complete misfire has occurred. Further, a part of the subtraction waveform portion Jp has a positive value and the remaining portion has a negative value. At some point, it is determined as a semi-misfire.

さらに半失火と判定された場合、減算波形部Ｊｐの正の値を累積した正の減算累積値（上位累積波形値）Ｓｐと、負の減算値を累積した負の累積減算値（下位累積波形値）Ｓｍとを比較し、図１１（ｄ）に示すように、正の累積減算値Ｓｐが負の累積減算値Ｓｍより大きい時に軽度半失火と判定し、図１１（ｅ）に示すように、前記正の累積減算値Ｓｐが前記負の累積減算値Ｓｍより小さい時に重度半失火と判定する。これら正の累積減算値Ｓｐと負の累積減算値Ｓｍは、図１１（ｄ），（ｅ）では０と減算波形部Ｊｐで囲まれた面積として表される。この時の判定方法は、たとえば減算波形部Ｊｐの信号電圧をコンデンサに溜めて１回の燃焼ごとに検出し、この検出値と予め設定された閾値とを比較することにより、完全燃焼、軽度半失火、重度半失火、完全失火を判定することができる。   Further, when it is determined that the misfire has occurred, the positive subtraction cumulative value (upper cumulative waveform value) Sp in which the positive value of the subtraction waveform portion Jp is accumulated, and the negative cumulative subtraction value (lower cumulative waveform) in which the negative subtraction value is accumulated. Value) Sm, and as shown in FIG. 11 (d), when the positive cumulative subtraction value Sp is larger than the negative cumulative subtraction value Sm, it is determined that the light semi-misfire is present, and as shown in FIG. 11 (e). When the positive cumulative subtraction value Sp is smaller than the negative cumulative subtraction value Sm, it is determined that a severe half misfire has occurred. The positive cumulative subtraction value Sp and the negative cumulative subtraction value Sm are expressed as an area surrounded by 0 and the subtraction waveform portion Jp in FIGS. The determination method at this time is, for example, that the signal voltage of the subtraction waveform portion Jp is accumulated in a capacitor and detected for each combustion, and the detected value is compared with a preset threshold value, whereby complete combustion, mild half Misfire, severe semi-fire, and complete misfire can be determined.

上記実施の形態によれば、失火判定信号Ｐｔの判定波形部Ｊｐを発信時間が長い台形波とすることで、歪検出信号Ｐｘの降下に沿って発信させ、完全燃焼と完全失火と半失火をより精度良く判定することができる。しかも、半失火の場合に、基準値である０より大きい正の値の累積値と負の値の累積値とを比較することで軽度半失火と重度半失火とを判定することができる。   According to the above embodiment, by making the determination waveform portion Jp of the misfire determination signal Pt a trapezoidal wave having a long transmission time, it is transmitted along the drop of the strain detection signal Px, and complete combustion, complete misfire, and semi-misfire are performed. More accurate determination can be made. In addition, in the case of a semi-misfire, a light semi-misfire and a severe semi-misfire can be determined by comparing a cumulative value of a positive value greater than 0 that is a reference value and a cumulative value of a negative value.

本発明に係るガスエンジンの失火検出方法および装置の実施の形態１を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows Embodiment 1 of the misfire detection method and apparatus of the gas engine which concerns on this invention. ガスエンジンの締付けボルトへの歪ゲージの取付状態を示す部分断面図である。It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the attachment state of the strain gauge to the clamping bolt of a gas engine. 判定信号形成部の動作説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the determination signal formation part. 失火検出装置において出力される信号を示すグラフで、（ａ）は歪検出信号を示し、（ｂ）は失火判定信号を示し、（ｃ）は歪検出信号に重ねられた失火判定信号を示す。It is a graph which shows the signal output in a misfire detection apparatus, (a) shows a distortion detection signal, (b) shows a misfire determination signal, (c) shows the misfire determination signal superimposed on the distortion detection signal. 減算器から出力される合成信号を示すグラフで、（ａ）は完全燃焼の判定波形部を示し、（ｂ）は軽度半失火の判定波形部を示し、（ｃ）は軽度半失火の判定波形部を示し、（ｄ）は完全失火の判定波形部を示す。FIG. 5 is a graph showing a composite signal output from a subtracter, in which (a) shows a complete combustion judgment waveform part, (b) shows a mild half misfire judgment waveform part, and (c) shows a mild half misfire judgment waveform part. (D) shows a complete misfire determination waveform portion. 失火検出装置において出力されるすべてのシリンダの信号を示すグラフで、（ａ）は歪検出信号を示し、（ｂ）は失火判定信号を示し、（ｃ）は合成信号を示す。It is a graph which shows the signal of all the cylinders output in a misfire detection apparatus, (a) shows a distortion detection signal, (b) shows a misfire determination signal, (c) shows a synthetic | combination signal. 本発明に係るガスエンジンの失火検出方法および装置の実施の形態３を示す失火信号形成部の動作説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the misfire signal formation part which shows Embodiment 3 of the misfire detection method and apparatus of the gas engine which concerns on this invention. 失火信号形成部のデータテーブルの説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the data table of a misfire signal formation part. 本発明に係るガスエンジンの失火検出方法および装置の実施の形態２において、失火検出装置から出力される信号を示すグラフで、（ａ）は歪検出信号に重ねられた失火判定信号を示し、（ｂ）は合成信号における完全燃焼の判定波形部を示し、（ｃ）は合成信号における失火の判定波形部を示す。In Embodiment 2 of the gas engine misfire detection method and apparatus according to the present invention, a graph showing a signal output from the misfire detection apparatus, (a) shows a misfire determination signal superimposed on the distortion detection signal, ( b) shows the determination waveform portion of complete combustion in the combined signal, and (c) shows the determination waveform portion of misfire in the combined signal. 本発明に係るガスエンジンの失火検出方法および装置の実施の形態３において、失火検出装置から出力される信号を示すグラフで、（ａ）は失火判定信号を示し、（ｂ）は歪検出信号に重ねられた失火判定信号を示し、（ｃ）は合成信号における完全燃焼の判定波形部を示し、（ｄ）は合成信号における完全失火の判定波形部を示し、（ｅ）は合成信号における半失火の判定波形部を示す。In Embodiment 3 of the misfire detection method and apparatus of the gas engine concerning the present invention, it is a graph which shows the signal outputted from a misfire detection device, (a) shows a misfire judgment signal, (b) shows a distortion detection signal. The superimposed misfire determination signals are shown, (c) shows the complete combustion determination waveform portion in the composite signal, (d) shows the complete misfire determination waveform portion in the composite signal, and (e) is the semi-misfire in the composite signal. The judgment waveform part is shown. 本発明に係るガスエンジンの失火検出方法および装置の実施の形態４において、失火検出装置の信号を示すグラフで、（ａ）は歪検出信号に重ねられた失火判定信号を示し、（ｂ）は合成信号における完全燃焼の判定波形部を示し、（ｃ）は合成信号における完全失火の判定波形部を示し、（ｄ）は合成信号における軽度半失火の判定波形部を示し、（ｅ）は合成信号における重度半失火の判定波形部を示す。In Embodiment 4 of the misfire detection method and apparatus of the gas engine which concerns on this invention, (a) shows the misfire determination signal superimposed on the distortion | strain detection signal, (b) is a graph which shows the signal of a misfire detection apparatus. (C) shows a complete misfire determination waveform portion in the composite signal, (d) shows a mild semi-misfire determination waveform portion in the composite signal, and (e) shows a composite waveform in the composite signal. The judgment waveform part of the severe half misfire in a signal is shown.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 歪ゲージ
２ 判定信号形成部
３ 減算器
４ 失火判定部
５ シリンダ制御装置
６ 回転センサ
７ 発電機
８ 発電監視制御盤
１０ クランク軸
１１ ガスエンジン
１１ａ〜１１ｄ シリンダ
１２ シリンダヘッド
１３ シリンダ本体
１４ 締付けボルト
１４ａ 軸部
１４ｂ 座金
２１ データテーブル
Ｐｘ 歪検出信号
Ｐ１ 完全燃焼の歪検出信号
Ｐ２ａ 軽度半失火の歪検出信号
Ｐ２ｂ 重度半失火の歪検出信号
Ｐ３ 完全失火の歪検出信号
Ｐｊ，Ｐｊ’，Ｐｊ”，Ｐｔ 失火判定信号
Ｐｊ１〜Ｐｊ３，Ｐｊｔ 判定波形部
Ｊｘ，Ｊｘ’，Ｊｘ”，Ｊｔ 合成波形部
Ｊ１〜Ｊ３，Ｊｐ 減算波形部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Strain gauge 2 Determination signal formation part 3 Subtractor 4 Misfire determination part 5 Cylinder control apparatus 6 Rotation sensor 7 Generator 8 Power generation monitoring control panel 10 Crankshaft 11 Gas engine 11a-11d Cylinder 12 Cylinder head 13 Cylinder main body 14 Clamping bolt 14a Shaft part 14b Washer 21 Data table Px Strain detection signal P1 Strain detection signal P2a of complete combustion Strain detection signal P2b of mild half misfire Strain detection signal P3 of severe semi misfire P3 Strain detection signals Pj, Pj ′, Pj ″, Pt of complete misfire Misfire determination signals Pj1 to Pj3, Pjt determination waveform sections Jx, Jx ′, Jx ″, Jt composite waveform sections J1 to J3, Jp subtraction waveform sections

Claims (15)

筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドをシリンダ本体に固定する締結具の歪を歪ゲージにより検出するステップと、
ガスエンジンの出力に基づいて、完全燃焼時の歪と完全失火時の歪の範囲内に対応する信号高さに設定されるとともに、ガスエンジンの回転速度、点火角およびこの点火角から発信点までの回転角に基づいて発信点が設定される判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成するステップと、
前記ステップで歪ゲージにより検出された歪検出信号から前記失火判定信号を減算するステップと、
前記ステップの判定波形に対応する減算値と基準値とを比較して燃焼状態を判定するステップとを具備した
ガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 Detecting a strain of a fastener that fixes a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure to the cylinder body by a strain gauge;
Based on the output of the gas engine, it is set to a signal height corresponding to the range of distortion at complete combustion and distortion at complete misfire, and the rotation speed of the gas engine, the ignition angle, and from this ignition angle to the transmission point Forming a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform in which a transmission point is set based on the rotation angle of
Subtracting the misfire determination signal from the strain detection signal detected by the strain gauge in the step;
A misfire detection method for a gas engine, comprising: comparing a subtraction value corresponding to a determination waveform of the step with a reference value to determine a combustion state. ガスエンジンの出力を、ガスエンジンにより駆動される発電機の発電出力か、またはガスエンジンの運転を制御するシリンダ制御装置から出力される軸出力とし、
判定波形の信号高さが前記発電出力または前記軸出力を変数とする関数により求められる
請求項１記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 The output of the gas engine is the power output of the generator driven by the gas engine, or the shaft output output from the cylinder controller that controls the operation of the gas engine,
The gas engine misfire detection method according to claim 1, wherein a signal height of the determination waveform is obtained by a function having the power generation output or the shaft output as a variable. 筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドをシリンダ本体に固定する締結具の歪を歪ゲージにより検出するステップと、
ガスエンジンの給気圧力、燃料供給量、点火角に基づいて、完全燃焼時の歪と完全失火時の歪の範囲内に対応する信号高さに設定されるとともに、ガスエンジンの回転速度と点火角とに基づいて発信点が設定される判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成するステップと、
前記ステップで歪ゲージにより検出された歪検出信号から前記失火判定信号を減算するステップと、
前記ステップの判定波形に対応する減算値と基準値とを比較して燃焼状態を判定するステップとを具備した
ガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 Detecting a strain of a fastener that fixes a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure to the cylinder body by a strain gauge;
Based on the gas engine supply pressure, fuel supply amount, and ignition angle, the signal height is set within the range of distortion during complete combustion and distortion during complete misfire. Forming a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform in which a transmission point is set based on the angle; and
Subtracting the misfire determination signal from the strain detection signal detected by the strain gauge in the step;
A misfire detection method for a gas engine, comprising: comparing a subtraction value corresponding to a determination waveform of the step with a reference value to determine a combustion state. ガスエンジンにおける給気圧力と燃料供給量と点火角とに基づいて失火判定信号の信号高さを求めるデータテーブルを予め作成しておき、
ガスエンジンの運転を制御するシリンダ制御装置から出力される給気圧力と燃料供給量と点火角により前記データテーブルに基づいて判定波形の信号高さを求める
請求項３記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 A data table for obtaining the signal height of the misfire determination signal based on the supply pressure, the fuel supply amount, and the ignition angle in the gas engine is created in advance.
The gas engine misfire detection method according to claim 3, wherein a signal height of a determination waveform is obtained based on the data table from an air supply pressure, a fuel supply amount, and an ignition angle output from a cylinder control device that controls operation of the gas engine. . 判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時またはその後方近傍時に発信される１つの判定波形部からなり、
波形判定部に対応する減算値が基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記減算値が基準値以下の時に失火と判定する
請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 The judgment waveform consists of one judgment waveform part that is transmitted at the time of the occurrence of the maximum strain at the time of complete combustion or the vicinity thereof,
The misfire detection method for a gas engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the subtraction value corresponding to the waveform determination unit is larger than a reference value, it is determined that complete combustion is performed, and when the subtraction value is less than the reference value, misfire is determined. . 判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時またはその後方近傍時に発信される初期判定波形部と、当該初期判定波形部の発信点から最小歪発生時までの間に発信される終期判定波形部からなり、
前記初期判定波形部に対応する初期減算値と前記終期判定波形部に対応する終期減算値がそれぞれ基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記両減算値がそれぞれ基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、前記両減算値の一方が基準値より大きくかつ他方が基準値以下の時に半失火と判定する
請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 An initial determination waveform portion that is transmitted when the maximum distortion occurs during complete combustion or in the vicinity thereof, and an end determination waveform portion that is transmitted between the transmission point of the initial determination waveform portion and the minimum strain occurrence. Consists of
When the initial subtraction value corresponding to the initial determination waveform portion and the final subtraction value corresponding to the end determination waveform portion are each greater than a reference value, complete combustion is determined, and when both the subtraction values are less than the reference value, complete misfire is determined. The misfire detection method for a gas engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a determination is made and half misfire is determined when one of the subtracted values is greater than a reference value and the other is less than or equal to a reference value. 判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時またはその後方近傍時に発信される初期判定波形部と、当該初期判定波形部の発信点から最小歪発生時までの間に発信される終期判定波形部と、初期判定波形部と終期判定波形部との間に発信される中間判定波形部からなり、
初期判定波形部に対応する初期減算値と中間判定波形部に対応する中間減算値と終期判定波形部に対応する終期減算値とがそれぞれ基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記各減算値がそれぞれ基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、さらに上記各減算値のうち基準値より大きい減算値の数が、基準値以下の減算値の数より多い時に軽度半失火と判定し、基準値より大きい減算値の数が、基準値以下の減算値の数より少ない時に重度半失火と判定する
請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 An initial determination waveform portion that is transmitted when the maximum distortion occurs during complete combustion or in the vicinity thereof, and an end determination waveform portion that is transmitted between the transmission point of the initial determination waveform portion and the minimum strain occurrence. And an intermediate determination waveform portion transmitted between the initial determination waveform portion and the final determination waveform portion,
When the initial subtraction value corresponding to the initial determination waveform portion, the intermediate subtraction value corresponding to the intermediate determination waveform portion, and the final subtraction value corresponding to the final determination waveform portion are larger than the reference value, complete combustion is determined, and each of the subtraction values Is determined to be complete misfire when each is less than or equal to the reference value, and when the number of subtraction values greater than the reference value among the above subtraction values is greater than the number of subtraction values less than or equal to the reference value, it is determined to be mild semi-misfire, and the reference value The misfire detection method for a gas engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the number of larger subtraction values is smaller than the number of subtraction values equal to or less than a reference value, a severe semi-misfire is determined. 判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時またはその後方近傍時の発信点と、当該発信点から所定時間経過後の停止点とにわたって発信され、かつ発信点の信号高さより停止点の信号高さが小さい台形波の１つの判定波形部からなり、
前記波形判定部に対応する減算値が基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記減算値が基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、前記減算値の一部が基準値より大きくかつ残部が基準値以下の時に半失火と判定する
請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 The judgment waveform is transmitted over the transmission point at the time of occurrence of the maximum strain at the time of complete combustion or near the rear thereof, and the stop point after the lapse of a predetermined time from the transmission point, and the signal height at the stop point from the signal level of the transmission point. It consists of one judgment waveform part with a small trapezoidal wave,
When the subtraction value corresponding to the waveform determination unit is larger than a reference value, it is determined that the combustion is complete, and when the subtraction value is less than the reference value, it is determined that there is a complete misfire, and a part of the subtraction value is larger than the reference value and the remaining part is The misfire detection method for a gas engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein half misfire is determined when the reference value is not more than a reference value. 請求項８記載のガスエンジンの失火検出方法において、半失火と判定された時に、基準値より大きい減算値を累積した上位累積減算値と、基準値より小さい減算値を累積した下位累積減算値とを比較し、前記上位累積減算値が前記下位累積減算値より大きい時に軽度半失火と判定し、前記上位累積減算値が前記下位累積減算値以下の時に重度半失火と判定する
ガスエンジンの失火検出方法。 9. The misfire detection method for a gas engine according to claim 8, wherein when it is determined as a semi-misfire, an upper cumulative subtraction value obtained by accumulating a subtraction value larger than a reference value, and a lower cumulative subtraction value obtained by accumulating a subtraction value smaller than the reference value. Gas engine misfire detection when the upper cumulative subtraction value is greater than the lower cumulative subtraction value, and is determined to be mild half misfire when the upper cumulative subtraction value is less than or equal to the lower cumulative subtraction value. Method. 筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドをシリンダ本体に固定する締結具に取り付けられて前記筒内圧力により生じる歪を検出する歪ゲージと、
判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成する判定信号形成部と、
前記歪ゲージから出力された歪検出信号から前記失火判定信号を減算する減算器と、
前記減算器の減算値と基準値とを比較して燃焼状態を判定する失火判定部とを具備し、
前記判定信号形成部は、ガスエンジンの出力に基づいて、完全燃焼時の筒内圧力による歪と完全失火時の筒内圧力による歪の範囲内に対応して前記判定波形の信号高さを設定するとともに、ガスエンジンの回転速度と点火角とに基づいて前記判定波形の発信点を設定するように構成された
ガスエンジンの失火検出装置。 A strain gauge that is attached to a fastener that fixes a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure to the cylinder body and detects strain caused by the in-cylinder pressure;
A determination signal forming unit for forming a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform;
A subtractor for subtracting the misfire determination signal from the strain detection signal output from the strain gauge;
A misfire determination unit that determines a combustion state by comparing a subtraction value of the subtractor with a reference value;
The determination signal forming unit sets the signal height of the determination waveform corresponding to the range of distortion due to in-cylinder pressure during complete combustion and distortion due to in-cylinder pressure during complete misfire based on the output of the gas engine. And a misfire detection device for a gas engine configured to set a transmission point of the determination waveform based on a rotation speed and an ignition angle of the gas engine. ガスエンジンの出力を、ガスエンジンにより駆動される発電機の発電出力、またはガスエンジンの運転を制御するシリンダ制御装置から出力される軸出力とし、
判定信号形成部は、判定波形の信号高さを前記発電出力または前記軸出力を変数とする関数により求めるように構成された
請求項１０記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置。 The output of the gas engine is the power output of the generator driven by the gas engine, or the shaft output output from the cylinder controller that controls the operation of the gas engine,
The misfire detection device for a gas engine according to claim 10, wherein the determination signal forming unit is configured to obtain a signal height of a determination waveform by a function having the power generation output or the shaft output as a variable. 筒内圧力を受け止めるシリンダヘッドをシリンダ本体に固定する締結具に取り付けられて前記筒内圧力により生じる歪を検出する歪ゲージと、
判定波形を有する失火判定信号を形成する判定信号形成部と、
前記歪ゲージから出力された歪検出信号から失火判定信号を減算する減算器と、
前記減算器により減算された前記判定波形に対応する減算値と基準値とを比較して燃焼状態を判定する失火判定部とを具備し、
前記判定信号形成部は、ガスエンジンの給気圧力、燃料供給量、点火角に基づいて、完全燃焼時の筒内圧力による歪と完全失火時の筒内圧力による歪の範囲に対応する前記判定波形の信号高さを設定するとともに、ガスエンジンの回転速度と点火角とに基づいて前記判定波形の発信点を設定するように構成された
ガスエンジンの失火検出装置。 A strain gauge that is attached to a fastener that fixes a cylinder head that receives in-cylinder pressure to the cylinder body and detects strain caused by the in-cylinder pressure;
A determination signal forming unit for forming a misfire determination signal having a determination waveform;
A subtractor for subtracting the misfire determination signal from the strain detection signal output from the strain gauge;
A misfire determination unit that determines a combustion state by comparing a subtraction value corresponding to the determination waveform subtracted by the subtractor with a reference value;
The determination signal forming unit corresponds to the range of distortion due to in-cylinder pressure during complete combustion and distortion due to in-cylinder pressure during complete misfire based on the supply pressure, fuel supply amount, and ignition angle of the gas engine. A misfire detection device for a gas engine configured to set a signal height of a waveform and set a transmission point of the determination waveform based on a rotation speed and an ignition angle of the gas engine. 判定信号形成部に、ガスエンジンにおける給気圧力と燃料供給量と点火角から判定波形の信号高さを求めるデータテーブルに設け、
前記判定信号形成部は、ガスエンジンの運転を制御するシリンダ制御装置から出力される給気圧力と燃料供給量と点火角とにより前記データテーブルに基づいて前記判定波形の信号高さを設定するように構成された
請求項１２記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置。 In the determination signal forming part, provided in a data table for determining the signal height of the determination waveform from the supply pressure, fuel supply amount and ignition angle in the gas engine,
The determination signal forming unit sets a signal height of the determination waveform based on the data table based on an air supply pressure, a fuel supply amount, and an ignition angle output from a cylinder control device that controls the operation of the gas engine. The misfire detection apparatus for a gas engine according to claim 12, which is configured as follows. 判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時または後方近傍時に発信される初期判定波形部と、当該初期判定波形部の発信点から所定時間経過後に発信される中間判定波形部と、当該中間波形部の発信点から所定時間経過後に発信される終期判定波形部とからなり、
失火判定部は、初期判定波形部に対応する初期減算値と中間判定波形部に対応する中間減算値と終期判定波形部に対応する終期減算値とがそれぞれ基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記各減算値がそれぞれ基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、さらに上記各減算値のうち基準値より大きい減算値の数が、基準値以下の減算値の数より多い時に軽度半失火と判定し、基準値より大きい減算値の数が、基準値以下の減算値の数と同じかまたは少ない時に重度半失火と判定するように構成された
請求項１０乃至１３のいずれかに記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置。 An initial determination waveform portion that is transmitted when the maximum distortion occurs or near the rear during complete combustion, an intermediate determination waveform portion that is transmitted after a predetermined time has elapsed from the transmission point of the initial determination waveform portion, and the intermediate waveform Consisting of an end-of-term determination waveform portion transmitted after a predetermined time from the transmission point of the portion,
The misfire determination unit determines complete combustion when the initial subtraction value corresponding to the initial determination waveform portion, the intermediate subtraction value corresponding to the intermediate determination waveform portion, and the final subtraction value corresponding to the end determination waveform portion are larger than the reference values, respectively. When each subtracted value is less than or equal to the reference value, it is determined that there is a complete misfire, and when the number of subtracted values greater than the reference value is greater than the number of subtracted values less than or equal to the reference value, The gas according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the gas is determined to be severe semi-misfire when the number of subtraction values greater than a reference value is equal to or less than the number of subtraction values less than or equal to a reference value. Engine misfire detection device. 判定波形が、完全燃焼時における最大歪発生時のその後方近傍の発信点と、当該発信点から所定時間経過後の停止点にわたって発信され、かつ発信点の信号高さより停止点の信号高さが小さい台形波の１つの判定波形部からなり、
失火判定部は、前記波形判定部に対応する減算値が基準値より大きい時に完全燃焼と判定し、前記減算値が基準値以下の時に完全失火と判定し、前記減算値の一部が基準値より大きくかつ残部が基準値以下の時に半失火と判定するように構成された
請求項１０乃至１３のいずれかに記載のガスエンジンの失火検出装置。 The judgment waveform is transmitted from the transmission point near the point when the maximum strain occurs during complete combustion and the stop point after a predetermined time from the transmission point, and the signal height of the stop point is higher than the signal level of the transmission point. It consists of one judgment waveform part of a small trapezoidal wave,
The misfire determination unit determines complete combustion when the subtraction value corresponding to the waveform determination unit is greater than a reference value, determines complete combustion when the subtraction value is less than the reference value, and a part of the subtraction value is a reference value The misfire detection device for a gas engine according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the misfire detection device is configured to determine that the misfire is larger when the remaining portion is equal to or less than a reference value.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6133932U (en) * 1984-07-31 1986-03-01 川崎重工業株式会社 Gas engine abnormality detection device
JPH0441959A (en) * 1990-06-05 1992-02-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Accidental fire detecting device for internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6133932U (en) * 1984-07-31 1986-03-01 川崎重工業株式会社 Gas engine abnormality detection device
JPH0441959A (en) * 1990-06-05 1992-02-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Accidental fire detecting device for internal combustion engine

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