JP2007296811A - Consolidating and fixing method of wood plate material - Google Patents

Consolidating and fixing method of wood plate material Download PDF

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JP2007296811A
JP2007296811A JP2006128601A JP2006128601A JP2007296811A JP 2007296811 A JP2007296811 A JP 2007296811A JP 2006128601 A JP2006128601 A JP 2006128601A JP 2006128601 A JP2006128601 A JP 2006128601A JP 2007296811 A JP2007296811 A JP 2007296811A
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plate material
wooden board
wood plate
sealed space
hot
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Hideya Sakurai
秀弥 櫻井
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PUREIRII HOMES KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To propose a consolidating and fixing method for a wood plate material which produces the resulting material almost free from the dimensional change over time. <P>SOLUTION: In the consolidating and fixing method for a wood plate material, such as birch material or European red pine material, a water content of the wood plate material before the treatment is set at 14-18 wt.%. The wood plate material is heated while being compressed orthogonally to a fiber direction by a hot-press means in a sealed space so that water contained in the wood plate material turns into pressurized steam. The resultant wood plate material is fixed to a compressed and deformed state thinner than an original thickness by the hydrothermal treatment. Thereafter, the sealed space is decompressed while a pressing state by the hot-press means is maintained. The resultant wood plate material has markedly improved dimensional stability. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、木製板材を熱プレス加工して、硬質で、曲がりや反りの出ない寸法安定性の高いフローリング材などを得るための木製板材の圧密固定化方法に関するものである。特に、本発明は、カバ材、欧州赤松材(レッドウッド)の加工に適した木製板材の圧密固定化方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for compacting and fixing a wooden board material to obtain a flooring material which is hard and does not bend or warp and has high dimensional stability by hot pressing. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for compacting and fixing a wooden board suitable for processing of birch and European red pine (redwood).

針葉樹材などの木材に水蒸気などの水分を供給したうえで熱プレス加工することで、この木材を繊維と直角な方向に圧密し、それによって表面性能を改善する試みがなされている。しかし、このように普通に水熱圧密処理を行っただけでは、その後に水分と熱が作用すると木材の厚みが元の状態に回復してしまうことが知られている。   Attempts have been made to improve surface performance by consolidating the wood in a direction perpendicular to the fibers by hot pressing after supplying water such as water vapor to wood such as softwood. However, it is known that the thickness of the wood will be restored to its original state when moisture and heat act after that, if the hydrothermal compaction process is normally performed in this way.

針葉樹材などの木材の加工方法として、圧密した木材を圧縮変形状態に永久固定する手法が開発されている。この方法では、180℃程度以上の温度で熱プレス加工する際に木材の周囲を密閉し、木材に含まれる水分をその木材中に閉じ込めたうえで高温高圧で水熱処理している。このようにすると、顕著な回復抑制効果が現れて、もはや元の厚みには戻らないことが確認されている。   As a method for processing wood such as coniferous wood, a method for permanently fixing compacted wood in a compressed deformation state has been developed. In this method, when heat-pressing at a temperature of about 180 ° C. or higher, the periphery of the wood is sealed, and moisture contained in the wood is confined in the wood, and then hydrothermal treatment is performed at high temperature and high pressure. In this manner, it has been confirmed that a remarkable recovery suppressing effect appears and it no longer returns to the original thickness.

例えば、特許文献1には、圧密化した木材の表面に膨らみ(パンク)を発生させることなく効率良く木材を処理可能な木材の圧密方法が提案されている。ここに開示の方法では、密閉構造の熱プレス手段によって木材を密閉空間内で圧縮しながら加熱することで、この木材中の水分を加圧水蒸気化させて、この木材を水熱処理により圧縮変形状態に固定させ、その後、前記熱プレス手段によるプレス状態を維持したまま前記密閉空間内を減圧させるようにしている。
特許第2578322号公報
For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a wood compaction method that can efficiently process wood without causing swelling (puncture) on the surface of the consolidated wood. In the method disclosed herein, the wood is heated while being compressed in a sealed space by a heat press means having a sealed structure, whereby moisture in the wood is pressurized and steamed, and the wood is compressed and deformed by hydrothermal treatment. Then, the inside of the sealed space is depressurized while maintaining the pressed state by the hot press means.
Japanese Patent No. 2578322

ここで、本願発明者らは、このような木材の圧密方法を用いて各種の木材の加工を行ったが、いずれも寸法安定性などの点で満足するものではなかった。   Here, the inventors of the present invention processed various kinds of wood using such a wood compaction method, but none of them was satisfactory in terms of dimensional stability.

本発明の課題は、この点に鑑みて、寸法変化を抑制可能な木製板材の圧密固定化方法を提案することにある。   In view of this point, an object of the present invention is to propose a method for compacting and fixing a wooden board capable of suppressing dimensional changes.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明は、密閉空間内で、熱プレス手段によって木製板材を繊維に直交する方向に圧縮しながら加熱することで、この木製板材中の水分を加圧水蒸気化させて、この木製板材を水熱処理により元の厚さよりも薄い圧縮変形状態に固定させ、その後、前記熱プレス手段によるプレス状態を維持したまま前記密閉空間内を減圧する木製板材の圧密固定化方法において、前記密閉空間に入れる際の前記木製板材の含水率を14〜18重量%の範囲内とすることを特徴としている。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is configured to heat the wooden board material in a sealed space while compressing the wooden board material in a direction perpendicular to the fibers by hot pressing means, thereby causing the moisture in the wooden board material to be steamed under pressure. In this method, the wooden board is fixed in a compressive deformation state thinner than the original thickness by hydrothermal treatment, and then the inside of the sealed space is decompressed while maintaining the pressed state by the hot press means. The moisture content of the wooden board when put into the sealed space is within the range of 14 to 18% by weight.

本発明者等の実験によれば、含水率をこのように調整しておくことにより、寸法安定性が格段に改善されることが確認された。   According to the experiments by the present inventors, it has been confirmed that the dimensional stability is remarkably improved by adjusting the moisture content in this way.

ここで、前記密閉空間内を減圧するときには、前記熱プレス手段によるプレス状態を緩めることと、緩めたプレス状態を再び強めることを繰り返すことが望ましい。   Here, when the pressure in the sealed space is reduced, it is desirable to repeatedly loosen the pressed state by the hot press means and strengthen the loosened pressed state again.

また、本発明の方法は、特に、カバ材あるいは欧州赤松材の場合に有効であることが確認された。   Moreover, it was confirmed that the method of the present invention is particularly effective in the case of birch wood or European red pine wood.

本発明の木製板材の圧密固定化方法によれば、硬質で、反りや曲がりの発生しない一定厚さの木製板材を成形加工することができる。特に、経時変化による寸法の狂いが極めて少ない木製板材を得ることができる。   According to the consolidation fixing method of a wooden board material of the present invention, it is possible to mold and process a wooden board material of a certain thickness that is hard and does not warp or bend. In particular, it is possible to obtain a wooden board material with very little dimensional deviation due to changes over time.

まず、カバ材、欧州赤松材からなる一定幅および厚さの木製板材を用意し、その含水率を14〜18重量%となるように乾燥する。この範囲の含水率の木製板材を熱プレス用の圧密装置に入れ密閉した状態で熱プレスする。圧密装置の熱プレス機構は、金属製の下側熱板と、この下側熱板の上方に昇降可能に設けられた金属製の上側熱板とを備えている。これらの熱板の合わせ面の一方に凹部を形成し、他方に凹部に挿入可能な凸部を形成しておけば、凹部に配置した木製板材が、双方の熱板を両側からプレスすることにより熱プレスされる。また、合わせ面の間に、凹部を取り巻く状態にOリングなどのシール材を配置しておくことにより、熱プレスを密閉空間内で行うことができる。   First, a wooden board having a certain width and thickness made of birch and European red pine is prepared and dried so that the moisture content is 14 to 18% by weight. A wooden board having a moisture content within this range is placed in a compacting device for hot pressing and hot pressed in a sealed state. The heat pressing mechanism of the compacting device includes a metal lower hot plate and a metal upper hot plate provided above the lower hot plate so as to be movable up and down. If a concave portion is formed on one of the mating surfaces of these hot plates and a convex portion that can be inserted into the concave portion is formed on the other side, the wooden plate placed in the concave portion can press both hot plates from both sides. Hot pressed. Further, by placing a sealing material such as an O-ring between the mating surfaces so as to surround the recess, hot pressing can be performed in a sealed space.

木製板材の圧密処理においては、上下の熱板をあらかじめ160〜190℃程度に加熱した状態で、凹部の中に木製板材6を入れ、上側の熱板を降下させて、凹部と凸部の間で木製板材を圧縮する。例えば、30〜50kgf/cm2程度の圧力で繊維と直交する方向に圧縮して、当初の板厚さに比べ50〜80%程度以下の板厚となるように圧密する。 In the consolidation process of the wooden board, the upper and lower hot plates are heated to about 160 to 190 ° C. in advance, the wooden board 6 is put in the recess, the upper hot plate is lowered, and the gap between the recess and the raised portion. Compress the wooden board. For example, it compresses in the direction orthogonal to a fiber with the pressure of about 30-50 kgf / cm < 2 >, and it compacts so that it may become about 50-80% or less board thickness compared with the original board thickness.

木製板材のプレス時には、上下の熱板によって木製板材を入れてある空間が密閉状態に保持される。木製板材は密閉空間内において熱プレス状態に保持されると、熱板からの熱によっても木製板材の内部の水分が蒸発し、密閉空間内で所定圧力に活性水蒸気となって木製板材に作用する。その結果、木製板材は、水熱処理されてその圧縮変形後の状態に固定される。   At the time of pressing the wooden plate, the space in which the wooden plate is placed is held in a sealed state by the upper and lower hot plates. When the wooden board is kept in a heat-pressed state in the sealed space, the moisture inside the wooden board is evaporated by the heat from the hot plate, and it acts on the wooden board as active steam at a predetermined pressure in the sealed space. . As a result, the wooden board is hydrothermally treated and fixed in a state after the compression deformation.

木製板材を圧密状態に固定するための水熱処理に必要な時間が経過した後は、木製板材の加熱プレス状態を維持したまま、密閉空間内の圧力を減圧状態にする。そして、密閉空間内を大気に開放した状態で一定時間放置すると、その間に木製板材内の水蒸気の圧力も徐々に低下する。その後に、上側の熱板を上昇させると、圧密処理が完了し、しかも内部の水蒸気が放出されて表面に膨らみが発生することのない木製板材が得られる。   After the time necessary for the hydrothermal treatment for fixing the wooden board material in the compacted state has elapsed, the pressure in the sealed space is reduced while maintaining the heated press state of the wooden board material. If the sealed space is left open to the atmosphere for a certain period of time, the pressure of water vapor in the wooden board will gradually decrease during that time. Thereafter, when the upper hot plate is raised, the consolidation process is completed, and a wooden plate material is obtained in which the internal water vapor is released and the surface does not bulge.

ここで、密閉空間内を減圧するときには、熱板による圧縮圧力を低下させることによって、木製板材のプレス状態を一時的に緩めるようにするのが好ましい。このようにすると、熱板のプレス面が木製板材からわずかに浮き上がり、その浮き上がり部における木製板材の表面から水蒸気が放出される。よって、効率良く水蒸気を放出させることができる。   Here, when the pressure in the sealed space is reduced, it is preferable to temporarily loosen the pressed state of the wooden board by reducing the compression pressure by the hot plate. If it does in this way, the press surface of a hot plate will float up slightly from a wooden board | plate material, and water vapor | steam will be discharge | released from the surface of the wooden board | plate material in the floating part. Therefore, water vapor can be efficiently released.

また、このように一時的にプレス状態を緩めた場合にも、時間の経過とともに水蒸気の放出量は低下するが、その後に再び熱板による圧縮圧力を上昇させ、そのまま一定時間をおき、かつ再度プレス状態を一時的に緩めると、水蒸気をより効率良く放出させることができる。よって、熱板によるプレス状態を緩めることと、緩めたプレス状態を再び強めることを繰り返すことで、きわめて効率良く短時間で水蒸気を放出させることができる。   In addition, even when the press state is temporarily relaxed in this way, the amount of water vapor released decreases with the passage of time, but after that, the compression pressure by the hot plate is increased again, and after a certain time, and again If the pressed state is temporarily relaxed, water vapor can be released more efficiently. Therefore, by repeating the loosening of the pressed state by the hot plate and the strengthening of the loosed pressed state again, water vapor can be released very efficiently in a short time.

さらに、密閉空間内を減圧させるときに、熱板の内部をわずかに水冷するなどしてその温度を若干低下させると、それにつれて木製板材の温度も低下し、この木製板材の表面に膨らみが発生しなくなる状態に速やかに移行させることができる。したがって、温度低下効果と減圧効果との相乗効果によって、水熱処理後の木製板材を迅速に圧密装置から取り出すことが可能となる。   Furthermore, when the inside of the enclosed space is depressurized, if the temperature of the hot plate is slightly reduced by, for example, slightly cooling the inside of the hot plate, the temperature of the wooden plate also decreases accordingly, and the surface of the wooden plate is swollen. It is possible to promptly shift to a state that does not occur. Therefore, the synergistic effect of the temperature lowering effect and the pressure reducing effect makes it possible to quickly take out the wooden board after the hydrothermal treatment from the compacting device.

以上説明したように、本発明では、熱プレス手段によって密閉空間内の木製板材を水熱処理により圧縮変形状態に固定させた後に、その熱プレス手段によるプレス状態を維持したままその密閉空間内を減圧するので、木製板材中に含まれる水蒸気をこの密閉空間内に放出させることができて、水熱処理後にこの木製板材を熱プレス手段から取り出す際に木製板材の表面に膨らみが生じることを防止できる。また、熱プレスに掛ける木製板材の含水率を14〜18%としてあるので、成形後の木製板材の経時的な寸法変化を実質的に防止できるという効果が得られる。   As described above, in the present invention, after the wooden plate material in the sealed space is fixed to the compression deformed state by hydrothermal treatment by the hot press means, the sealed space is decompressed while maintaining the pressed state by the hot press means. Therefore, the water vapor contained in the wooden board can be released into the sealed space, and the swelling of the surface of the wooden board can be prevented when the wooden board is taken out from the hot press means after the hydrothermal treatment. Moreover, since the moisture content of the wooden board to be subjected to hot pressing is set to 14 to 18%, an effect that the dimensional change of the wooden board after the molding can be substantially prevented can be obtained.

Claims (3)

密閉空間内で、熱プレス手段によって木製板材を繊維に直交する方向に圧縮しながら加熱することで、この木製板材中の水分を加圧水蒸気化させて、この木製板材を水熱処理により元の厚さよりも薄い圧縮変形状態に固定させ、その後、前記熱プレス手段によるプレス状態を維持したまま前記密閉空間内を減圧する木製板材の圧密固定化方法において、
前記密閉空間に入れる際の前記木製板材の含水率を14〜18重量%の範囲内とすることを特徴とする木製板材の圧密固定化方法。
In a sealed space, the wooden board is heated while being compressed in a direction perpendicular to the fibers by a hot press means, whereby the water in the wooden board is pressurized and steamed, and the wooden board is hydrothermally treated from its original thickness. In the method for fixing and fixing a wooden plate material, in which the inside of the sealed space is depressurized while maintaining the pressed state by the hot press means,
A method for compacting and fixing a wooden board, characterized in that the moisture content of the wooden board when entering the sealed space is within a range of 14 to 18% by weight.
請求項1において、
前記密閉空間内を減圧するときには、前記熱プレス手段によるプレス状態を緩めることと、緩めたプレス状態を再び強めることを繰り返すことを特徴とする木製板材の圧密固定化方法。
In claim 1,
When decompressing the inside of the sealed space, a method for consolidation fixing of a wooden board material, characterized by repeating the loosening of the pressed state by the hot press means and the strengthening of the loosened pressed state again.
請求項1または2において、
前記木製板材はカバ材あるいは欧州赤松材であることを特徴とする木製板材の圧密固定化方法。
In claim 1 or 2,
The method for consolidation fixing a wooden board, wherein the wooden board is birch or European red pine.
JP2006128601A 2006-05-02 2006-05-02 Consolidating and fixing method of wood plate material Pending JP2007296811A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103302712A (en) * 2013-06-26 2013-09-18 重庆家和琴森木业有限公司 Painting timber taking Chinese red pine timber as raw material
JP2017533115A (en) * 2014-12-02 2017-11-09 凱 王 A new type of hardwood manufactured by consolidation technology
JP2017533114A (en) * 2014-12-02 2017-11-09 凱 王 Method of compacting soft material into hard material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103302712A (en) * 2013-06-26 2013-09-18 重庆家和琴森木业有限公司 Painting timber taking Chinese red pine timber as raw material
JP2017533115A (en) * 2014-12-02 2017-11-09 凱 王 A new type of hardwood manufactured by consolidation technology
JP2017533114A (en) * 2014-12-02 2017-11-09 凱 王 Method of compacting soft material into hard material

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