JP2007268508A - Extraction device of barn excretion fertilizer of high concentration, and manufacturing method of filtering separator used in purified water extractor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus capable of easily separating the excretion sewage solution material discharged from a barn into a concentrated urine fertilizer component and purified water in a short time by a simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: The excretion sewage solution material flowing out to a storage tank from the barn is separated into a concentrated fertilizer solution and purified water by four stages of filtering processes including pretreatment filtration. Further, the urine solution discarded after those processes can be filtered out by utilizing a reverse osmotic membrane water purifier in a reverse direction to be separated into a concentrated fertilizer solution and purified water. By the processes, the separated and recovered purified water can be reutilized as barn washing water or beverage water for a domestic animal. Furthermore, the clogging of respective stage filters can be eliminated by an automated backwashing function. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

発明の詳細な説明Detailed Description of the Invention

本発明は、畜舎から貯留槽に流出した尿溶液物及び洗浄水を含む廃水流から高濃縮肥料液及び浄化水に分離濾過装置に関するものである。  The present invention relates to a separation and filtration device from a wastewater stream containing urine solution and washing water flowing out from a barn to a storage tank to highly concentrated fertilizer liquid and purified water.

技術背景Technical background

畜舎において飼育した家畜より排出された糞尿汚水の処理では、施設の整備はもとより希釈水の確保や処理水の放流先の確保など、特に悪臭や希釈水の確保や処理水の放流先の確保などが社会、畜産環境問題化されている。  In the treatment of manure and sewage discharged from livestock raised in barns, in addition to improving facilities, securing diluting water and securing the discharge destination of treated water, in particular, securing bad odors, diluting water and securing the discharge destination of treated water, etc. Has become a social and livestock environment problem.

前記の処理方式には堆肥化施設、汚水処理施設等があるが、希釈水の確保、施設面積拡大、建設費、ランニングコスト、維持管理費等に問題が多いという欠点があった。  The treatment methods include composting facilities, sewage treatment facilities, etc., but have the disadvantages that there are many problems in securing dilution water, expanding the facility area, construction costs, running costs, maintenance costs, and the like.

また、体重が５００Ｋｇの乳牛は年間に約４．６ｔの尿量となり生産する肥料成分量は窒素が５７ｋｇ、リン酸が３０ｋｇ、カリウムが６３ｋｇの資源の有効利用なされていない。  In addition, dairy cows weighing 500 kg have a urine volume of about 4.6 tons per year, and the amount of fertilizer components produced is not effectively utilized 57 kg of nitrogen, 30 kg of phosphoric acid, and 63 kg of potassium.

さらに主尿成分を取り除けば、９０％以上が水で構成されているが畜舎の洗浄水、及び家畜の飲料水としての資源の有効利用なされていない。  Furthermore, if the main urine component is removed, 90% or more is composed of water, but resources such as washing water for barns and drinking water for livestock are not effectively used.

しかし、畜舎より排出される尿を濃縮、分離できなければ、運搬においても負担も多く、肥料としても付加価値が低く商品価値もなく廃棄物とされる問題点があった。  However, if the urine discharged from the barn cannot be concentrated and separated, there are many problems in transportation, and there is a problem that the fertilizer has low added value and is not a commercial value and is a waste product.

他方、逆浸透膜浄水器により尿を濾過させることにより通常の水道水使用とは違い、溶解物が異なるためフィルターの目詰まりが早く粘着力も高いので除去作業も困難である。  On the other hand, unlike normal tap water use by filtering urine with a reverse osmosis membrane water purifier, since the dissolved matter is different, the filter is clogged quickly and the adhesive force is high, so the removal operation is difficult.

しかるに、従来の浄化装置においては、農業用水として農業用水基準値を所定量以下とするような機を考慮したことによる具体的な構成は、これまで特に提唱されていない。  However, in the conventional purification apparatus, a specific configuration by considering a machine that sets the agricultural water reference value to a predetermined amount or less as agricultural water has not been proposed so far.

また、一般生活汚泥から浄化水を得る一般的構成は提唱されているが、このような構成においては、生化学的又は化学的な反応工程を前提としており、大掛かりな装置を必要とし、簡便な処理工程にて浄化水を得ることができない。  In addition, a general configuration for obtaining purified water from general sludge has been proposed, but in such a configuration, a biochemical or chemical reaction process is premised, a large-scale apparatus is required, and a simple configuration is required. Purified water cannot be obtained in the treatment process.

発明が解決しようとする課題Problems to be solved by the invention

従来の処理施設、薬剤処理、バクテリア処理、および濾過機器においては、畜舎から排出される糞尿汚水溶液物を、安価、容易、さらに短時間に濃縮尿肥料成分と水質基準を満たす浄化水とに分離できない問題点があった。  In conventional treatment facilities, chemical treatments, bacteria treatments, and filtration equipment, manure waste water discharged from barns is separated into concentrated urine fertilizer components and purified water that meets water quality standards in an inexpensive and easy manner. There was a problem that could not be done.

また、本発明の逆浸透膜浄水器を設置するだけでは、円滑に長時間操業することに問題点が多く小型で高能率な濾過分離能力を提供することを目的としている。  In addition, simply installing the reverse osmosis membrane water purifier of the present invention aims to provide a small and highly efficient filtration and separation capability with many problems in smoothly operating for a long time.

課題を解決するための手段Means for solving the problem

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の濾過分離装置においては、糞尿溶液を逆浸透膜浄水器により逆流させ分離濾過し高濃縮肥料液、洗浄水、および飲料水に分離できるものである。  In order to achieve the above object, in the filtration / separation apparatus of the present invention, the feces and urine solution can be backflowed by a reverse osmosis membrane water purifier and separated and filtered to be separated into highly concentrated fertilizer liquid, washing water, and drinking water.

さらに、畜舎から貯留槽に流出された糞尿溶液及び洗浄水等は溶解物質の高濃度のためフィルターが短時間に目詰を起こすため本体操業により得られた洗浄水、及び純水を自動、または手動により加圧力、洗浄時間、使用時間等は自由に設定され、電磁弁付リリーフ弁の開閉により各フィルターに１〜５気圧に加圧逆流しフィルター内側より外側に向け一気に噴射させて目詰まりを除去するように働く。  In addition, feces and urine solution and washing water that flowed out from the barn to the storage tank are clogged in a short time due to the high concentration of dissolved substances, so the washing water and pure water obtained by the main unit operation are automatically used, or Pressure, washing time, usage time, etc. can be set manually by hand. By opening and closing the relief valve with solenoid valve, each filter is pressurized and backflowed to 1-5 atm. Work to remove.

発明の実施するための最良の形態BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

発明の実施の形態を実施例にもとづき図面を参照して説明する。
図１において、畜舎から排出された糞尿汚水溶液物は糞尿処理層１に蓄えられ、吸水加圧ポンプ２により第一段階濾過処理として、セデェメント・フィルター４を透り、第二段階濾過処理として、プレカーボン・フィルター５を透り、次の第三段階濾過処理として、メンブレン・フィルター６を透り、さらに、第四段階濾過処理として、ファイナル・フィルター７を透る工程から、高濃縮肥料液、洗浄水、および飲料水として分離できることを最大の特徴とする。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, the manure waste solution discharged from the barn is stored in the manure treatment layer 1 and passed through the sediment filter 4 as the first stage filtration treatment by the water absorption pressure pump 2, and as the second stage filtration treatment, From the process of passing through the pre-carbon filter 5, passing through the membrane filter 6 as the next third-stage filtration treatment, and passing through the final filter 7 as the fourth-stage filtration treatment, The greatest feature is that it can be separated as washing water and drinking water.

上記第三段階濾過処理として、メンブレン・フィルター６により不純物と水とに別けられるがその不純物の濃度を濃縮するため２個、または複数のメンブレン・フィルターを透すことにより尿溶液が処理前の１０倍以上の高濃縮肥料液化させることが可能である。  As the third-stage filtration treatment, the membrane filter 6 separates impurities and water, but in order to concentrate the concentration of the impurities, the urine solution is passed through two or more membrane filters to remove the urine solution before treatment. It is possible to liquefy highly concentrated fertilizer more than double.

また、メンブレン・フィルターの濾過能力は順次微細化、もしくは同一のものを直列に設置することにより、各フィルターの濾過能力を長期間円滑に起動するために複数のメンブレン・フィルターを設けることが効果的である。  In addition, it is effective to install multiple membrane filters in order to smoothly start the filtration capacity of each filter for a long period of time by gradually reducing the filtration capacity of the membrane filter or installing the same filter in series. It is.

糞尿処理層から吸水加圧ポンプにより汲み上げられセディメント・フィルターを透り、次にプレカーボン・フィルターを透り、第一、もしくは第二の逆浸透膜メンブレンを透された水は、さらにファイナル・フィルターを透り高純度の飲料水となり飲料水タンクへ蓄えられ洗浄水排出口より排出される。  Water that has been pumped from the manure treatment layer with a water absorption pressure pump, passes through the sediment filter, then passes through the pre-carbon filter, and passes through the first or second reverse osmosis membrane membrane. It is stored in the drinking water tank through the water and discharged from the washing water outlet.

また、各フィルターの目詰まりの洗浄は、バルブ制御盤により各フィルター毎に任意、もしくは手動操作により設定された時間でフィルターの進入側のバルブを閉め、吸水加圧ポンプにより洗浄用タンクより汲み上げられ加圧された洗浄水が指示されたフィルターを逆流して水洗浄を行い目詰まりを安易に解消できるため高濾過能力、フィルター能力維持を長時間保ち操作性にも向上し大いに効果的である。  In addition, the clogging of each filter is cleaned from the cleaning tank by a water absorption pressurization pump by closing the valve on the filter entry side at a time set by the valve control panel for each filter arbitrarily or manually. Pressurized washing water flows backward through the designated filter to perform water washing and easily eliminate clogging, so that high filtration ability and maintenance of filter ability can be maintained for a long time, and operability is improved.

逆浸透膜浄水器の第一フィルターハウジングより取り込み順次微細化され濾過通過後、廃棄された尿溶液を逆浸透膜フィルターハウジングに逆接合することにより濃縮尿成分と浄化水とに分離が可能で、小型化が可能で安価で容易な操作で、さらに短時間で高濃縮肥料液、及び浄化水に分離処理し、なおかつ各フィルターの自動洗浄装置を取り付けている。  It can be separated into concentrated urine components and purified water by reversely joining the reverse osmosis membrane filter housing after reversely pulverizing and passing through the first filter housing of the reverse osmosis membrane water purifier and passing through the filtration. It can be reduced in size, is cheap and easy, and is separated into highly concentrated fertilizer liquid and purified water in a shorter time, and an automatic cleaning device for each filter is attached.

さらに、複数の逆浸透膜メンブレンから通された濾過水は、洗浄水タンクへ蓄えられ飲料水排出口より排出される。  Furthermore, the filtered water passed through the plurality of reverse osmosis membrane membranes is stored in the washing water tank and discharged from the drinking water discharge port.

発明の効果The invention's effect

本発明は、以上説明したように構成されているので、以下のように記載されるような効果を奏する。  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

逆浸透膜逆流分離濾過器は、糞尿汚水溶液物を第一フィルターハウジングより取り込み順次微細化された濾過機能を通過後、逆浸透膜フィルターハウジングを逆に接合することにより濃縮尿成分、洗浄水、飲料水とに分離する皇帝からなる。  The reverse osmosis membrane reverse flow separation filter takes the manure waste aqueous solution from the first filter housing, and after passing through the refined filtration function, the reverse osmosis membrane filter housing is reversely joined to concentrate the urine component, washing water, The emperor separates into drinking water.

さらに、各フィルターから濾過処理された浄水については、ＴＤＳ計（水中溶解物計測器）により濾過状況を確認する用途にも適応でき安全な飲料水の確保も保証される。  Furthermore, the purified water filtered from each filter can be applied to the use of checking the filtration status with a TDS meter (underwater dissolved matter measuring instrument), and ensuring safe drinking water is also guaranteed.

さらに、本発明の逆浸透膜浄水器を利用し最小の部品点数の構成部品により、吸水側より吸い上げた糞尿汚水溶液物を、廃棄水側から高濃縮肥料液、浄水側から水質基準を満たす浄水、および洗浄水を得られることが実現した。  Furthermore, using the reverse osmosis membrane water purifier of the present invention, the waste water solution sucked up from the water-absorbing side with the component parts with the minimum number of parts, the highly concentrated fertilizer liquid from the waste water side, and the purified water that satisfies the water quality standards from the water-purifying side It was realized that washing water could be obtained.

従来の処理方式には堆肥化施設、汚水処理施設等があるが、希釈水の確保、施設面積拡大、建設費、ランニングコスト、維持管理費等に問題を解消できる利点がある。  Conventional treatment methods include composting facilities, sewage treatment facilities, etc., which have the advantage of solving problems in securing diluting water, expanding the facility area, construction costs, running costs, maintenance costs, etc.

畜舎において飼育した家畜より排出された糞尿汚水の処理では、施設の整備はもとより希釈水の確保や処理水の放流先の確保など、特に悪臭や希釈水の確保や処理水の放流先の確保などが社会、畜産環境問題を解消できる利点がある。  In the treatment of manure and sewage discharged from livestock raised in barns, in addition to improving facilities, securing diluting water and securing the discharge destination of treated water, in particular, securing bad odors, diluting water and securing the discharge destination of treated water, etc. However, there is an advantage that can solve social and livestock environment problems.

また、畜舎より排出される膨大な尿量より優良肥料として資源の有効利用が可能で、さらに畜産業者において高収入源となる利点がある。  Moreover, it is possible to effectively use resources as excellent fertilizers from the enormous amount of urine discharged from the barn, and further has the advantage of becoming a high income source for livestock producers.

さらに優れた濾過機能により尿の９０％以上が浄水され畜舎の洗浄水、及び家畜の飲料水としての資源の有効利用が可能で、さらに畜産業者において経費削減となる利点がある。  Furthermore, 90% or more of urine is purified by an excellent filtration function, so that resources such as washing water for barns and drinking water for livestock can be effectively used.

そして、逆浸透膜フィルターのメッシュの違いにもよるが流入出を３段階から６段階繰り返すことにより尿の６倍以上、１０倍近くの濃縮尿肥料として生成可能で運搬時においても負担も多く、肥料としても付加価値も高く出来る利点がある。  And although it depends on the mesh of the reverse osmosis membrane filter, it can be produced as concentrated urine fertilizer 6 times more than urine and nearly 10 times urine by repeating inflow and outflow from 3 stages to 6 stages, and there are many burdens during transportation, As a fertilizer, there is an advantage that the added value can be high.

また、逆浸透膜フィルター使用の機構により農業用水として農業用水基準値を所定量以下とする利点がある。  Moreover, there is an advantage that the agricultural water reference value is set to a predetermined amount or less as agricultural water by a mechanism using a reverse osmosis membrane filter.

前記の処理方式には堆肥化施設、汚水処理施設等があるが、希釈水の確保、施設面積拡大、建設費、ランニングコスト、維持管理費等に問題が解消できる利点がある。  The treatment methods include composting facilities, sewage treatment facilities, etc., but have the advantage that problems can be solved in securing dilution water, expanding the facility area, construction costs, running costs, maintenance costs, and the like.

他方、家畜の糞尿の浄化処理装置に基づく浄化水においては、農業用水基準値。ＰＨ６．５：６．０〜９．５、ＢＯＤ５：９ｍｇ／Ｌ以下、ＣＯＤ５：６ｍｇ／Ｌ以下、ＳＳＯ：１０ｍｇ／Ｌ以下、窒素全量０．４：１ｍｇ／Ｌ以下の所定値以下とする利点がある。  On the other hand, for purified water based on livestock manure purification equipment, agricultural water reference values. PH 6.5: 6.0 to 9.5, BOD 5: 9 mg / L or less, COD 5: 6 mg / L or less, SSO: 10 mg / L or less, nitrogen total amount 0.4: 1 mg / L or less There is.

本発明の性能試験は、上記実施の形態に係る畜舎糞尿高濃縮肥料抽出装置、及び浄化水抽出装置について、財団法人東京顕微鏡院にて食品衛生法に基づく水質基準適否２６項目の検査の試験データである。

結果は表１のようになったThe performance test of the present invention is a test data of 26 items of water quality standard conformity inspection based on the Food Sanitation Law at the Tokyo Microscopy Foundation for the livestock manure highly concentrated fertilizer extraction device and purified water extraction device according to the above embodiment It is.

The result is shown in Table 1.

また、家畜が糞尿を***した後、処理時間の経過と共に腐敗による悪臭の発生、ハエ、蚊等の害虫の発生による公害苦情が多く、また畜舎内でのアンモニアガス等の発生は家畜等の生育の障害となり、畜舎等で従事している労働環境の影響も軽減できる利点がある。  In addition, after the livestock excreta excreta, there are many complaints of pollution due to spoilage due to rot and the occurrence of pests such as flies and mosquitoes as the treatment time elapses. There is an advantage that the influence of the working environment engaged in barns etc. can be reduced.

また、畜舎内での糞尿分離型畜舎排水浄化システムの場合、修理作業は大変な苦痛と労働を伴い、畜舎内の温度、湿度の保持、特に寒冷地では浄化槽内の水温を適性保持等による煩雑な作業から解消できる利点がある。  In addition, in the case of a manure separation type sewage purification system in a barn, repair work involves great pains and labor. There is an advantage that can be eliminated from the troublesome work.

さらに、畜舎に関わらず国立、国定公園、公共施設を始め、災害地、演習場、神社仏閣、テーマパーク、高速道路サービスエリア及び料金所、飛行場、港、駐車場、工場、工事現場、キャン上等においても尿汚水の処理の糞尿処理問題も軽減できる利点がある。  In addition to national barns, national parks, public facilities, disaster areas, exercise grounds, shrines and temples, theme parks, highway service areas and toll gates, airfields, ports, parking lots, factories, construction sites, and camping Etc., there is an advantage that the problem of excrement disposal of urine wastewater can be reduced.

そして糞尿溶液濃度を１０倍にまでも濃縮可能で肥料として、また廃棄浄水を再度畜舎洗浄用水、及び家畜用飲料水に有効活用することができ、さらに肥料、および浄水を生成できることにより高収入、経費節減をもたらす畜舎糞尿浄化及び高濃縮肥料抽出処理装置を提供することを目的としている。  And the concentration of manure solution can be concentrated up to 10 times as fertilizer, and the waste purified water can be effectively used again for slaughter house water and drinking water for livestock. Furthermore, it is possible to generate fertilizer and purified water. An object of the present invention is to provide a livestock manure purification and high-concentration fertilizer extraction processing device that brings about cost savings.

畜舎糞尿高濃縮肥料、及び浄化水抽出装置を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the livestock manure high concentration fertilizer and purified water extraction apparatus. メンブレン・フィルターの入出口を示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the entrance / exit of the membrane filter. バルブ制御盤である。It is a valve control panel.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１． 糞尿処理層
２． 吸水加圧ポンプ
３． 切替バルブ
４． セディメント・フィルター
５． プレカーボン・フィルター
６． メンブレン・フィルター
７． ファイナル・フィルター
８． 電磁弁
９． 洗浄水タンク
１０．飲料水タンク
１１．濃縮肥料タンク
１２．洗浄水排出口
１３．飲料水排出口
１４．濃縮肥料排出口
１５．洗浄水分配器
１６．バルブ制御盤
１７．加圧計
１８．ＴＤＳ計（水中溶解物計測器）
１９．汚水取入口
２０．濃縮汚水排水口
２１．洗浄水入出口
２２．汚水排水口
２３．メンブレン・フィルター・ハウジング
２４．メンブレン・フィルター外部空隙
２５．メンブレン・フィルター内部空隙
２６．メンブレン・フィルター内部空隙と外部連結パイプ
２７．メンブレン・フィルター内部空隙水取入口
２８．汚水取入口・濃縮汚水排水口切替電磁バルブ
２９．洗浄水入出口・汚水排水口切替電磁バルブ
３０．作動タイマー
３１．オン・オフスイッチ
３２．自動・自動切替スイッチ
３３．全作動タイマー
３４．順流タイマー
３５．順流停止タイマー
３６．逆流タイマー
３７．逆流停止タイマー
３８．セット・ボタン
３９．順流確認ランプ
４０．逆流確認ランプ
４１．停止確認ランプ
４２．フィルター部位表示1. 1. Manure treatment layer 2. Water absorption pressure pump 3. Switching valve 4. Sediment filter Pre-carbon filter 6. Membrane filter Final filter 8. 8. Solenoid valve Wash water tank 10. Drinking water tank 11. Concentrated fertilizer tank 12. Wash water outlet 13. Drinking water outlet 14. Concentrated fertilizer outlet 15. Wash water distributor 16. Valve control panel 17. Pressure gauge 18. TDS meter (dissolved water measuring instrument)
19. Wastewater intake 20. Concentrated sewage drain 21. Wash water inlet / outlet 22. Wastewater drain 23. Membrane filter housing 24. Membrane filter external gap 25. Membrane filter internal void 26. Internal gap of membrane filter and external connection pipe 27. Membrane filter internal void water inlet 28. Solenoid intake / concentrated sewage drain switching solenoid valve 29. 30. Solenoid inlet / outlet / sewage drain switching solenoid valve Operation timer 31. ON / OFF switch 32. Automatic / automatic switch 33. Full operation timer 34. Forward flow timer 35. Forward flow stop timer 36. Backflow timer 37. Backflow stop timer 38. Set button 39. Forward flow confirmation lamp 40. Backflow confirmation lamp 41. Stop confirmation lamp 42. Filter part display

Claims (3)

畜舎から貯留槽に流出された糞尿溶液及び洗浄水を逆浸透膜浄化水器を逆方向利用し濾過し畜舎糞尿より濃縮肥料溶液、浄化水に分離し再利用品として生成すことを特徴とする畜舎糞尿高濃縮肥料、浄化水分離抽出処理装置。  The feces and urine solution and washing water that flowed out from the barn to the storage tank are filtered using a reverse osmosis membrane water purifier in the reverse direction, separated from the barn manure into concentrated fertilizer solution and purified water, and produced as a reused product. Livestock manure highly concentrated fertilizer, purified water separation and extraction processing equipment. 逆浸透膜浄化水器を逆方向に利用し分離濾過された浄化水を再度畜舎洗浄用水、及び家畜用飲料水に再利用することを特徴とする請求項１記載の畜舎糞尿高濃縮肥料、浄化水分離抽出処理装置。  2. The livestock manure highly concentrated fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the purified water separated and filtered by using a reverse osmosis membrane water purifier in the reverse direction is reused for the livestock washing water and the livestock drinking water. Water separation extraction processing equipment. 逆浸透膜浄化水器により分離濾過された浄化水をここの濾過ハウジング毎に１から５気圧に加圧し任意設定された圧力、及び任意作業時間に電磁弁付リリーフ弁が安全弁を一気に各フィルターを分離濾過時とは逆方向に流れ各フィルターの目詰まり解消できる機能を特徴とする請求項１、請求項２記載の畜舎糞尿高濃縮肥料、浄化水分離抽出処理装置。  The purified water separated and filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane water purifier is pressurized to 1 to 5 atm for each filtration housing here, and the relief valve with solenoid valve is used as a safety valve at a set pressure, and at any work time. The livestock manure and urine highly concentrated fertilizer and purified water separation and extraction processing device according to claim 1 and 2, which has a function of flowing in a direction opposite to that during separation and filtration to eliminate clogging of each filter.

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