JP2007232255A

JP2007232255A - Cooling apparatus and vending machine

Info

Publication number: JP2007232255A
Application number: JP2006052391A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Toshiaki Tsuchiya; 敏章土屋; Michinobu In; 道伸因; Tadao Watanabe; 忠男渡辺
Original assignee: Fuji Electric Retail Systems Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fuji Electric Retail Systems Co Ltd
Priority date: 2006-02-28
Filing date: 2006-02-28
Publication date: 2007-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2026-02-28
Also published as: JP4702101B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out defrosting of an intermediate heat exchanger while maintaining a cooling/heating simultaneous operation state with respect to a cooling chamber and a heating chamber. <P>SOLUTION: In the cooling apparatus, operation modes are automatically changed on the basis of: a detected temperature in the cooling chamber cooled by a cold utilizing side evaporator 6a; a detected temperature in the heating chamber heated by heat utilizing side evaporators 6b, 6c, each set temperature of the cooling chamber and the heating chamber; and a defrosting start condition of the intermediate heat exchanger 2. It is characterized in that, if the defrosting start condition of the intermediate heat exchanger 2 is satisfied, in a next cooling/heating simultaneous operation or cooling single operation with respect to the heating chamber and the cooling chamber after the defrosting start condition is satisfied, a high temperature coolant is passed through the intermediate heat exchanger for a predetermined time to carry out defrosting. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、商品収納庫（冷却庫および加熱庫）側の熱交換器への冷媒の流れを転向させることなく、冷却庫および加熱庫に対する冷却・加熱同時運転状態を維持したまま除霜運転を行うことのできる冷却装置、および缶、ビン、パック、ペットボトル等の容器に入れた飲料等の商品を冷却または加熱して販売に供する自動販売機に関する。 The present invention performs the defrosting operation while maintaining the cooling / heating simultaneous operation state with respect to the cooling chamber and the heating chamber without diverting the flow of the refrigerant to the heat exchanger on the commodity storage (cooling chamber and heating chamber) side. The present invention relates to a cooling device that can be used, and a vending machine that cools or heats products such as beverages in containers such as cans, bottles, packs, and PET bottles for sale.

従来のこの種の自動販売機の商品収納庫を冷却または加熱する冷却装置は、冷媒を圧縮する二段式圧縮機と、該圧縮機により圧縮された冷媒（高圧高温冷媒に同じ）を冷却する放熱器（中間熱交換器やガスクーラに同じ）と、放熱器により冷却された冷媒を膨張させる電子膨張弁と、電子膨張弁により膨張された冷媒（低圧低温冷媒に同じ）を蒸発させる複数の蒸発器と、これら複数の蒸発器のうち所定の蒸発器に対して冷媒を供給する冷媒分配手段とから構成されている。 A conventional cooling device that cools or heats the commodity storage of this type of vending machine cools the two-stage compressor that compresses the refrigerant and the refrigerant compressed by the compressor (the same as the high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant). A radiator (same as an intermediate heat exchanger or gas cooler), an electronic expansion valve that expands the refrigerant cooled by the radiator, and multiple evaporations that evaporate the refrigerant expanded by the electronic expansion valve (same as low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant) And refrigerant distribution means for supplying refrigerant to a predetermined evaporator among the plurality of evaporators.

そして、蒸発器は各商品収納庫内に設置され、これに収納された商品を冷却している。商品収納庫は、収納する商品の種類や季節に応じて加熱用（加熱庫）として使用されることがある。この場合には、各商品収納庫内に設置されている蒸発器のうち、加熱庫として使用される側の蒸発器を放熱器（凝縮器に同じ）として機能させ、その蒸発器に高圧高温冷媒を直接流すことにより、高圧高温冷媒（ホットガスに同じ）の温熱を利用して対応する商品収納庫内を加熱するとともに、他の蒸発器にて冷媒を蒸発させ、対応する商品収納庫内（冷却庫）を冷却するいわゆるヒートポンプによる各商品収納庫の冷却・加熱同時運転により、庫内の商品の加熱と冷却を同時に行なうようになっている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 And an evaporator is installed in each goods storage, and the goods stored in this are cooled. The product storage is sometimes used as a heating (heating storage) depending on the type of product to be stored and the season. In this case, among the evaporators installed in each product storage, the evaporator on the side used as the heating chamber functions as a radiator (same as the condenser), and the evaporator is a high-pressure high-temperature refrigerant. Is used to heat the corresponding product storage using the heat of the high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant (same as hot gas), and the refrigerant is evaporated in another evaporator, and the corresponding product storage ( The product in the warehouse is heated and cooled at the same time by simultaneous operation of cooling and heating each product storage by a so-called heat pump that cools the cooling cabinet (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

また、このようなものにおいて、各商品収納庫（冷却庫および加熱庫）には、冷却または加熱すべき温度がそれぞれ設定されており、これら設定温度になるように冷却・加熱同時運転や加熱単独運転または冷却単独運転が行われるようになっている。これらの運転モードは、冷却庫や加熱庫内の各検出温度と各前記設定温度に基づいて自動的に切り替えられるようになっている。 Moreover, in such a thing, the temperature which should be cooled or heated is set to each goods storage (cooling store and heating store), respectively, and cooling and heating simultaneous operation or heating alone is set so that it may become these set temperatures. Operation or single cooling operation is performed. These operation modes are automatically switched based on each detected temperature and each set temperature in the cooling and heating chambers.

ところで、このような庫内の加熱と冷却を同時に行えるヒートポンプ冷却ユニットにおいて、庫内を加熱し、冷熱を中間熱交換器で排熱する運転すなわち加熱単独運転を行うと、中間熱交換器には低温の冷媒が流れるため、中間熱交換器のフィン表面に霜がつき、これが成長する。そして、このように中間熱交換器のフィン表面に霜がつくと、熱抵抗が大きくなり、中間熱交換器の性能が低下する。そして、加熱庫内の蒸発器（この場合は放熱器として使用）も熱を放出しにくくなるので、冷却ユニットの運転効率が低下する。従来は、この霜の問題を、冷媒を逆方向へ流すことで、中間熱交換器を加熱運転させ、その熱で霜を解かしたり、ヒータなどで加熱することで除霜するようにしている。 By the way, in such a heat pump cooling unit that can perform heating and cooling in the warehouse at the same time, when the interior is heated and the cooling heat is exhausted by the intermediate heat exchanger, that is, the heating single operation is performed, the intermediate heat exchanger has Since the low-temperature refrigerant flows, frost forms on the fin surface of the intermediate heat exchanger and grows. And when frost forms on the fin surface of the intermediate heat exchanger in this way, the thermal resistance increases and the performance of the intermediate heat exchanger decreases. And since the evaporator (used in this case as a radiator) in the heating chamber is also difficult to release heat, the operating efficiency of the cooling unit is lowered. Conventionally, the problem of frost is defrosted by causing the intermediate heat exchanger to be heated by flowing the refrigerant in the reverse direction and then defrosting with the heat or heating with a heater or the like.

なお、二段式圧縮機を用いているものの用途が加熱のみに限定されている例えばヒートポンプ式給湯機において、外部の熱交換器（蒸発器）に付着する霜を除去するために、二段目冷媒の一部を高温側熱交換器および減圧装置をバイパスさせて蒸発器に導いたり、一段目冷媒を高温側熱交換器および減圧装置をバイパスさせて蒸発器に導くことで、霜を解かしながら高温側熱交換器へも高温冷媒の一部を流せるようにして、高温側熱交換器の温度低下を抑えられるようにしたものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。 In addition, although the use of a two-stage compressor is limited to heating only, for example, in a heat pump type water heater, in order to remove frost attached to an external heat exchanger (evaporator), the second stage While bypassing the high-temperature side heat exchanger and the decompression device, part of the refrigerant is guided to the evaporator, or by bypassing the high-temperature side heat exchanger and the decompression device and leading to the evaporator, There has been proposed an apparatus in which a part of the high-temperature refrigerant can be allowed to flow to the high-temperature side heat exchanger so as to suppress the temperature drop of the high-temperature side heat exchanger (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

特開平７−１６０９３７号公報（図１）JP-A-7-160937 (FIG. 1) 特開２００４−２９４０５９号公報（図１、図２）JP 2004-294059 A (FIGS. 1 and 2)

しかしながら、冷媒を逆方向へ流すことで、中間熱交換器の除霜を行うようにしたものにあっては、冷却庫が加熱され、加熱庫が冷却されることになるため、冷却商品の温度上昇、加熱商品の温度低下を招いてしまう。さらに、除霜のためだけに圧縮機を運転したり、ヒータで加熱すると消費電力が増加する。 However, in the case where the intermediate heat exchanger is defrosted by flowing the refrigerant in the reverse direction, the cooling box is heated and the heating box is cooled. As a result, the temperature of the heated product is lowered. Furthermore, power consumption increases when the compressor is operated only for defrosting or is heated by a heater.

また、用途が加熱のみに限定されているヒートポンプ式給湯機の技術は、用途側の冷却・加熱同時運転を必要とするとともに運転モードが冷却庫や加熱庫内の各検出温度と各前記設定温度に基づいて自動的に切り替えられる自動販売機へは適用できない。 Moreover, the technology of the heat pump type water heater whose application is limited to heating only requires simultaneous cooling and heating operation on the application side, and the operation mode is each detected temperature and each set temperature in the refrigerator or the heating chamber. It is not applicable to vending machines that are automatically switched based on

本発明の技術的課題は、冷却庫および加熱庫への冷媒の流れを転向させることなく、冷却庫および加熱庫に対する冷却・加熱同時運転状態を維持したまま中間熱交換器の除霜を行うことができるようにすることにある。 The technical problem of the present invention is to perform defrosting of the intermediate heat exchanger while maintaining the cooling / heating simultaneous operation state for the cooling chamber and the heating chamber without turning the refrigerant flow to the cooling chamber and the heating chamber. Is to be able to.

（１）本発明に係る冷却装置は、下記の構成からなるものである。すなわち、冷媒を中間圧力にまで圧縮する一段目圧縮部と冷媒を所定圧力にまで圧縮する二段目圧縮部とを具備する二段式圧縮機と、冷媒を冷却または加熱単独運転時に冷熱を庫外へ放熱する中間熱交換器と、冷媒を冷却するガスクーラと、冷媒を膨張させる電子膨張弁と、冷媒を蒸発または凝縮させる複数の蒸発器と、冷媒の保有する冷熱の一部を電子膨張弁に流入する前の冷媒に受け渡す内部熱交換器とを有し、蒸発器のうち冷熱利用側の蒸発器により冷却される冷却庫内の検出温度と、蒸発器のうち温熱利用側の蒸発器により加熱される加熱庫内の検出温度と、これら冷却庫と加熱庫の各設定温度と、中間熱交換器の除霜開始条件と、に基づいて運転モードが自動的に切り替わる冷却装置であって、中間熱交換器の除霜開始条件が成立した場合は、除霜開始条件が成立した次の加熱庫および冷却庫に対する冷却・加熱同時運転または冷却単独運転のなかで、所定時間、中間熱交換器へ高温冷媒を流し、除霜することを特徴としている。 (1) The cooling device according to the present invention has the following configuration. That is, a two-stage compressor including a first-stage compression section that compresses the refrigerant to an intermediate pressure and a second-stage compression section that compresses the refrigerant to a predetermined pressure, and cools or cools the refrigerant during cooling alone. An intermediate heat exchanger that dissipates heat, a gas cooler that cools the refrigerant, an electronic expansion valve that expands the refrigerant, a plurality of evaporators that evaporate or condense the refrigerant, and an electronic expansion valve that transfers some of the cold heat that the refrigerant holds An internal heat exchanger that passes to the refrigerant before flowing into the refrigerant, and a detected temperature in the refrigerator that is cooled by the evaporator on the cold-use side of the evaporator, and an evaporator on the hot-use side of the evaporator A cooling device in which the operation mode is automatically switched based on the detected temperature in the heating chamber heated by, the set temperatures of the cooling chamber and the heating chamber, and the defrosting start condition of the intermediate heat exchanger. , Defrost start condition for intermediate heat exchanger is established In the case where the defrosting start condition is satisfied, the high-temperature refrigerant is allowed to flow through the intermediate heat exchanger for a predetermined time in the cooling / heating simultaneous operation or the cooling single operation for the next heating chamber and the cooling chamber. It is a feature.

（２）本発明に係る冷却装置は、除霜開始条件が成立した次の加熱庫および冷却庫に対する運転モードが冷却・加熱同時運転の場合、一段目圧縮部において圧縮された冷媒である一段目冷媒が一段目圧縮部から中間熱交換器を経由して二段目圧縮部に供給され、二段目圧縮部において圧縮された冷媒である二段目冷媒が二段目圧縮部から複数の蒸発器のうちの温熱利用側の蒸発器に供給され、温熱利用側蒸発器を通過した二段目冷媒がガスクーラを経由して内部熱交換器の高圧配管の上流側に供給され、内部熱交換器を通過した二段目冷媒が電子膨張弁に供給されて低圧低温冷媒になり、低圧低温冷媒が複数の蒸発器のうちの冷熱利用側の蒸発器に供給され、冷熱利用側蒸発器を通過した低圧低温冷媒が内部熱交換器の低圧配管の上流側に供給され、さらに内部熱交換器から二段式圧縮機の一段目圧縮部に供給されることにより、所定時間、一段目冷媒の保有する温熱によって中間熱交換器が加熱され、二段式圧縮機の保有する温熱によって温熱利用側の蒸発器が加熱され、低圧低温冷媒の保有する冷熱によって冷熱利用側の蒸発器が冷却されることを特徴としている。 (2) The cooling device according to the present invention is the first stage which is the refrigerant compressed in the first stage compression unit when the operation mode for the next heating chamber and the cooling chamber where the defrosting start condition is satisfied is the simultaneous cooling / heating operation. Refrigerant is supplied from the first stage compression unit to the second stage compression unit via the intermediate heat exchanger, and the second stage refrigerant, which is the refrigerant compressed in the second stage compression unit, is evaporated from the second stage compression unit. The second-stage refrigerant that has been supplied to the heat-use side evaporator of the heat exchanger and passed through the heat-use side evaporator is supplied to the upstream side of the high-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger via the gas cooler, and the internal heat exchanger The second-stage refrigerant that has passed through is supplied to the electronic expansion valve to become a low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant is supplied to the cold-use side evaporator of the plurality of evaporators and passes through the cold-use side evaporator The low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant is supplied to the upstream side of the low-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger. In addition, the intermediate heat exchanger is heated by the heat of the first stage refrigerant for a predetermined time by being supplied from the internal heat exchanger to the first stage compression unit of the two stage compressor, It is characterized in that the warm-use side evaporator is heated by the warm heat held, and the cold-use side evaporator is cooled by the cold heat held by the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant.

（３）本発明に係る冷却装置は、除霜開始条件が成立した次の加熱庫および冷却庫に対する運転モードが冷却単独運転の場合、一段目圧縮部において圧縮された冷媒である一段目冷媒が一段目圧縮部から中間熱交換器を経由して二段目圧縮部に供給され、二段目圧縮部において圧縮された冷媒である二段目冷媒が二段目圧縮部からガスクーラにを経由して内部熱交換器の高圧配管の上流側に供給され、内部熱交換器を通過した二段目冷媒が電子膨張弁に供給されて低圧低温冷媒になり、低圧低温冷媒が複数の蒸発器のうちの冷熱利用側の蒸発器に供給され、冷熱利用側蒸発器を通過した低圧低温冷媒が内部熱交換器の低圧配管の上流側に供給され、さらに内部熱交換器から二段式圧縮機の一段目圧縮部に供給されることにより、所定時間、一段目冷媒の保有する温熱によって中間熱交換器が加熱され、低圧低温冷媒の保有する冷熱によって冷熱利用側の蒸発器が冷却されることを特徴としている。 (3) In the cooling device according to the present invention, when the operation mode for the next heating chamber and the cooling chamber in which the defrosting start condition is satisfied is the cooling single operation, the first-stage refrigerant that is the refrigerant compressed in the first-stage compression unit is The second stage refrigerant that is supplied from the first stage compression section to the second stage compression section via the intermediate heat exchanger and compressed in the second stage compression section passes from the second stage compression section to the gas cooler. The second stage refrigerant that is supplied to the upstream side of the high-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger and passes through the internal heat exchanger is supplied to the electronic expansion valve to become a low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant. The low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant that has been supplied to the cold-use side evaporator and passed through the cold-use side evaporator is supplied to the upstream side of the low-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger, and further from the internal heat exchanger to the first stage of the two-stage compressor By being supplied to the eye compression section, The heated intermediate heat exchanger by heat held by the eye refrigerant, is characterized in that the evaporator of the cold utilization side is cooled by the cold heat possessed by the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant.

（４）本発明に係る冷却装置は、除霜開始条件が成立した次の加熱庫および冷却庫に対する運転モードが加熱単独運転の場合、加熱単独運転モードへ移行せず、冷却庫内のファンのみを運転し、冷却庫内温度がＯＮ温度となってから冷却・加熱同時運転を行うことを特徴としている。 (4) In the cooling device according to the present invention, when the operation mode for the next heating chamber and the cooling chamber in which the defrosting start condition is satisfied is the heating single operation, only the fan in the cooling chamber is not transferred to the heating single operation mode. The cooling and heating operation is performed after the temperature in the refrigerator reaches the ON temperature.

（５）本発明に係る冷却装置は、除霜開始条件が成立したか否かの判定を、連続または積算稼働時間が予め設定した時間を超えたか否かの判定と、冷熱利用側の蒸発器により冷却される冷却庫内の検出温度と、温熱利用側の蒸発器により加熱される加熱庫内の検出温度とにより行われることを特徴としている。 (5) The cooling device according to the present invention determines whether or not the defrosting start condition is satisfied, whether or not the continuous or accumulated operation time exceeds a preset time, and the evaporator on the cold utilization side It is characterized by being performed by the detected temperature in the refrigerator cooled by the temperature and the detected temperature in the heating chamber heated by the evaporator on the heat utilization side.

（６）本発明に係る自動販売機は、下記の構成からなるものである。すなわち、断熱材によって囲まれ一面に開口部を具備する筐体と、筐体を複数の商品収納庫に分割する仕切板と、商品収納庫のそれぞれに対応する商品取出し口を具備し、開口部を開閉する断熱扉と、商品収納庫のそれぞれに配置され、商品を収納して順次下方に搬出する機能を有する商品ラックと、商品ラックから落下した商品を商品取出し口に誘導するシュータと、シュータの下方に配置されて商品収納庫内の空気を加熱または冷却する収納庫内熱交換手段と、収納庫内熱交換手段を通過する空気の流れを形成する送風手段と、収納庫内熱交換手段によって加熱または冷却された空気を商品ラックの内部を経由して送風手段に循環させるための循環ダクトとを有する自動販売機であって、収納庫内熱交換手段が、前記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の冷却装置における蒸発器であることを特徴としている。 (6) The vending machine according to the present invention has the following configuration. That is, a housing that is surrounded by a heat insulating material and has an opening on one side, a partition plate that divides the housing into a plurality of product storages, and a product outlet corresponding to each of the product storages, the opening A heat insulating door that opens and closes the product, a product rack that is disposed in each of the product storage units and has a function of storing products and sequentially transporting them downward, a shooter that guides products dropped from the product rack to a product takeout port, and a shooter A heat exchange means in the storage that is disposed below and heats or cools the air in the product storage, a blower that forms a flow of air passing through the heat exchange in the storage, and a heat exchange in the storage And a circulation duct for circulating the air heated or cooled by the air through the inside of the product rack to the blowing means, wherein the heat exchange means in the storage is the above (1) to (5) ) It is characterized by an evaporator in the cooling device according to any Re.

本発明の冷却装置においては、冷却庫および加熱庫への冷媒の流れを転向させることなく、冷却庫および加熱庫に対する冷却・加熱同時運転状態を維持したまま中間熱交換器の除霜を行うことができる。このため、運転効率が向上する。 In the cooling device of the present invention, defrosting of the intermediate heat exchanger is performed while maintaining the simultaneous cooling / heating operation state for the cooling chamber and the heating chamber without turning the refrigerant flow to the cooling chamber and the heating chamber. Can do. For this reason, driving efficiency is improved.

本発明の自動販売機においては、庫内の熱交換手段として、前記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の冷却装置における蒸発器を用い、冷却庫および加熱庫に対する冷却・加熱同時運転状態を維持したまま中間熱交換器の除霜を行うことができるので、運転コストを低く抑えることができる。 In the vending machine of the present invention, the evaporator in the cooling device according to any one of the above (1) to (5) is used as the heat exchange means in the cabinet, and the cooling and heating simultaneous operation for the cooling cabinet and the heating cabinet is performed. Since the defrosting of the intermediate heat exchanger can be performed while maintaining the state, the operating cost can be kept low.

以下、図示実施形態に基づき本発明を説明する。なお、本実施形態においては蒸発器が３台で、うち１台は冷却専用の熱交換器として機能し、他の２つは冷媒流路の切換により凝縮器として機能し得るものであり、ここでは加熱専用の熱交換器として使用する場合を例に挙げて説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものでなく、２台以上の何れの台数であってもよいし、全ての蒸発器が凝縮器としても機能し得るものであってもよい。また、冷媒はＣＯ₂（二酸化炭素）冷媒を用いるものとし、各図において同一または共通する部材については同一の符号を付し、一部の説明を省略する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on illustrated embodiments. In this embodiment, there are three evaporators, one of which functions as a heat exchanger dedicated to cooling, and the other two can function as condensers by switching the refrigerant flow path, Then, the case where it is used as a heat exchanger dedicated to heating will be described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any number of two or more units may be used, or all evaporators may be used. May also function as a condenser. In addition, it is assumed that a CO ₂ (carbon dioxide) refrigerant is used as the refrigerant, and the same or common members are denoted by the same reference numerals in each drawing, and a part of the description is omitted.

図１乃至図４はいずれも本発明の一実施の形態に係る冷却装置の冷凍回路を示すもので、図１はその除霜運転モード時の冷凍回路図、図２はその冷却単独（又は除霜）運転モード時の冷凍回路図、図３はその冷却・加熱同時運転時の冷凍回路図、図４はその加熱単独運転時の冷凍回路図であり、各図中の太線は冷媒が流れている配管を示し、矢印は冷媒の流れ方向を示す。図５乃至図７はいずれも本実施形態に係る冷却装置の除霜運転モード時の動作を示す図で、図５は除霜開始条件が成立した次の運転モードが加熱単独運転となる場合の動作を示すタイミングチャート、図６は除霜開始条件が成立しない場合の動作を示すタイミングチャート、図７は除霜運転モード時の動作の全体の流れを示すフローチャートである。図８及び図９はいずれも本実施形態に係る自動販売機を示すもので、図８はその側方より見た断面図、図９はその正面側より見た断面図である。 1 to 4 all show a refrigeration circuit of a cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a refrigeration circuit diagram in the defrosting operation mode, and FIG. Frost) Refrigeration circuit diagram in the operation mode, FIG. 3 is a refrigeration circuit diagram in the simultaneous cooling and heating operation, FIG. 4 is a refrigeration circuit diagram in the heating independent operation, and the thick line in each figure indicates that the refrigerant flows And the arrows indicate the flow direction of the refrigerant. FIGS. 5 to 7 are diagrams showing the operation in the defrosting operation mode of the cooling device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a case where the next operation mode in which the defrosting start condition is satisfied is the heating single operation. FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing the operation when the defrosting start condition is not satisfied, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the overall flow of the operation in the defrosting operation mode. 8 and 9 each show a vending machine according to the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a sectional view seen from the side, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view seen from the front side.

本実施形態の冷却装置１００は、図１乃至図４のように冷媒（二酸化炭素冷媒）を中間圧力にまで圧縮する一段目圧縮部１ａと冷媒を所定圧力にまで圧縮する二段目圧縮部１ｂとを具備する二段式圧縮機１と、圧縮機１の負荷を低減させるために冷媒を冷却する中間熱交換器２と、中間熱交換器２の熱交換を促進し庫外へ排熱する中間熱交換器ファン２４ａと、冷媒の熱エネルギを放熱するためのガスクーラ３と、ガスクーラ３の熱交換を促進し庫外へ排熱するガスクーラファン２４ｂと、冷媒を膨張させ低圧低温の冷媒にする電子膨張弁４と、庫内に設置され、冷媒を蒸発させる冷却専用の蒸発器６ａ、及び冷媒を蒸発または凝縮させる複数の蒸発器（ここでは加熱専用として使用）６ｂ，６ｃと、各蒸発器６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃを通過する風流れを形成して庫内空気を循環させるための庫内ファン１４ａ，１４ｂ，１４ｃと、蒸発後の低圧低温冷媒が依然保有する冷熱を回収するために、冷熱の一部を電子膨張弁４に流入する前の冷媒に受け渡す内部熱交換器８と、ドレン水の蒸発を促進するための蒸発パイプ３１と、庫内温度をセンシングする庫内温度センサ１６（図８）とを有する。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the cooling device 100 of the present embodiment includes a first-stage compression unit 1 a that compresses a refrigerant (carbon dioxide refrigerant) to an intermediate pressure and a second-stage compression unit 1 b that compresses the refrigerant to a predetermined pressure. A two-stage compressor 1, an intermediate heat exchanger 2 that cools the refrigerant to reduce the load on the compressor 1, and heat exchange between the intermediate heat exchanger 2 is promoted and exhausted to the outside. The intermediate heat exchanger fan 24a, the gas cooler 3 for radiating the heat energy of the refrigerant, the gas cooler fan 24b for promoting heat exchange of the gas cooler 3 and exhausting heat to the outside of the cabinet, and expanding the refrigerant into a low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant. An electronic expansion valve 4, an evaporator 6a dedicated for cooling that evaporates the refrigerant, a plurality of evaporators (here used exclusively for heating) 6b and 6c that evaporate or condense the refrigerant, and each evaporator Wind passing through 6a, 6b, 6c In order to recover the cold heat still held by the internal fans 14a, 14b, 14c and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant after evaporation, the internal expansion valve 4 is used to collect the cold heat. It has an internal heat exchanger 8 that passes to the refrigerant before flowing in, an evaporation pipe 31 for promoting the evaporation of drain water, and an internal temperature sensor 16 (FIG. 8) that senses the internal temperature.

また、蒸発器６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃへの冷媒の流入を制御する電磁弁５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃと、二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａの下流側と中間熱交換器２の上流側とを接続する配管１０ａの途中に設けられて、一段目圧縮部１ａから中間熱交換器２への冷媒の流入を制御する電磁弁３２ａと、電子膨張弁４の下流側と中間熱交換器２の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｂの途中に設けられて、電子膨張弁４から中間熱交換器２への冷媒の流入を制御する電磁弁３２ｂと、二段式圧縮機１の二段目圧縮部１ｂの下流側とガスクーラ３の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｃの途中に設けられて、二段目圧縮部１ｂからガスクーラ３への冷媒の流入を制御する電磁弁３３ａと、蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃの下流側とガスクーラ３の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｄの途中に設けられて、蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃからガスクーラ３への冷媒の流入を制御する電磁弁３３ｂと、中間熱交換器２の下流側と内部熱交換器８の低圧配管の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｅの途中に設けられて、中間熱交換器２から内部熱交換器８の低圧配管側への冷媒の流入を制御する電磁弁３２ｃと、蒸発器６ｂ、６ｃを通過した低圧低温冷媒を配管１０ｆを介して二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａ側に選択的に戻す冷媒分配手段機能を持つ電磁弁（ここでは使用せず）７ｂ，７ｃと、低圧低温冷媒が一定の方向に流れるように制御する低圧低温冷媒戻り逆止弁３４ａ，３４ｂ，３４ｃ，３４ｄ，３４ｅと、蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃへの高圧高温冷媒の流入を制御する電磁弁３５ａ，３５ｂと、中間熱交換器２をバイパスするバイパス配管１０ｇに設けた電磁弁３７とを有する。なお、電磁弁３５ａ，３５ｂは、二段式圧縮機１の二段目圧縮部１ｂの吐出側の配管１０ｈから分岐して蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃへ接続された分岐管１０ｉ，１０ｊの途中に設けられている。 Also, solenoid valves 5a, 5b, 5c for controlling the inflow of refrigerant into the evaporators 6a, 6b, 6c, the downstream side of the first stage compression portion 1a of the two-stage compressor 1, and the upstream side of the intermediate heat exchanger 2 And an electromagnetic valve 32a that controls the flow of refrigerant from the first stage compression unit 1a to the intermediate heat exchanger 2, the downstream side of the electronic expansion valve 4, and the intermediate heat exchanger 2 And a second stage compression of the two-stage compressor 1 provided in the middle of the pipe 10b connecting the upstream side of the two-stage compressor 1 and an electromagnetic valve 32b for controlling the inflow of refrigerant from the electronic expansion valve 4 to the intermediate heat exchanger 2 An electromagnetic valve 33a that is provided in the middle of the pipe 10c that connects the downstream side of the part 1b and the upstream side of the gas cooler 3, and controls the inflow of refrigerant from the second-stage compression part 1b to the gas cooler 3, and the evaporator 6b, In the middle of the pipe 10d connecting the downstream side of 6c and the upstream side of the gas cooler 3 Therefore, the solenoid valve 33b that controls the inflow of the refrigerant from the evaporators 6b and 6c to the gas cooler 3, and the pipe that connects the downstream side of the intermediate heat exchanger 2 and the upstream side of the low-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger 8 10e, an electromagnetic valve 32c that controls the inflow of refrigerant from the intermediate heat exchanger 2 to the low-pressure pipe side of the internal heat exchanger 8, and low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant that has passed through the evaporators 6b and 6c are connected to the pipe 10f. The solenoid valves (not used here) 7b and 7c having a refrigerant distribution means function for selectively returning to the first stage compression section 1a side of the two-stage compressor 1 through the low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant flow in a fixed direction Low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant return check valves 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d, 34e, electromagnetic valves 35a, 35b that control the flow of high-pressure high-temperature refrigerant into the evaporators 6b, 6c, and the intermediate heat exchanger 2 Installed in bypass piping 10g to bypass It was having an electromagnetic valve 37. The solenoid valves 35a and 35b are provided in the middle of the branch pipes 10i and 10j branched from the discharge side pipe 10h of the second-stage compressor 1b of the two-stage compressor 1 and connected to the evaporators 6b and 6c. It has been.

また、以上の構成を有する冷却装置１００を用いた本実施形態の自動販売機４００は、図８及び図９のように断熱材によって囲まれ一面に開口部を具備する筐体４０１（以下「キャビネット」と称す）と、キャビネット４０１内を商品収納庫４０２ａ，４０２ｂ，４０２ｃに分割する仕切板４０３ａｂ，４０３ｂｃと、商品Ｓを補充する際に開閉する断熱扉４０４（以下「商品補充用扉」と称す）と、キャビネット４０１と外気とを遮断するための断熱扉４０５（以下「内扉」と称す）と、収納した各種商品Ｓの表示や販売する商品を選択する選択ボタン等が配置された前扉４０６とを有している。
なお、符号に付した添え字「ａ，ｂ，ｃ」は、それぞれ商品収納庫４０２ａ，４０２ｂ，４０２ｃに設置されることを示し、商品収納庫４０２ａ，４０２ｂ，４０２ｃにおいて共通する内容については添え字「ａ，ｂ，ｃ」を省略する。 Further, the vending machine 400 of the present embodiment using the cooling device 100 having the above-described configuration includes a casing 401 (hereinafter referred to as “cabinet”) surrounded by a heat insulating material and having an opening on one surface as shown in FIGS. ), Partition plates 403ab and 403bc that divide the inside of the cabinet 401 into product storages 402a, 402b, and 402c, and a heat insulating door 404 that opens and closes when the product S is replenished (hereinafter referred to as a “product replenishment door”). ), A heat insulating door 405 (hereinafter referred to as “inner door”) for shutting off the cabinet 401 and the outside air, a front door on which various kinds of stored products S are displayed, selection buttons for selecting products to be sold, and the like are arranged. 406.
The subscripts “a, b, c” attached to the symbols indicate that they are installed in the product storages 402a, 402b, 402c, respectively, and the contents common to the product storages 402a, 402b, 402c are subscripts. “A, b, c” is omitted.

各商品収納庫４０２には、商品Ｓを収納するための商品ラック４０８と、商品ラック４０８から落下した商品Ｓを取出すための商品取出し口４０９と、商品ラック４０８から落下した商品Ｓを商品取出し口４０９まで誘導するシュータ４１０が設置されている。そして、商品収納庫４０２はシュータ４１０によって上下に区分され、その下方部分に庫内部品収納室４１２が形成されている。庫内部品収納室４１２には冷却装置１００の蒸発器６と、蒸発器６を通過する風流れを形成して庫内空気を循環するための庫内ファン１４と、庫内温度をセンシングする庫内温度センサ１６が設置されている。 Each product storage 402 has a product rack 408 for storing the product S, a product take-out port 409 for taking out the product S dropped from the product rack 408, and a product take-out port for the product S dropped from the product rack 408. A shooter 410 for guiding to 409 is installed. The product storage box 402 is divided into upper and lower parts by a shooter 410, and an in-house part storage room 412 is formed in a lower part thereof. In the internal component storage chamber 412, the evaporator 6 of the cooling device 100, the internal fan 14 for forming a wind flow passing through the evaporator 6 to circulate the internal air, and a storage for sensing the internal temperature. An internal temperature sensor 16 is installed.

また、商品収納庫４０２の背面側には、庫内空気を商品ラック４０８の内部を経由して庫内ファン１４に循環させるための循環ダクト４１７が設けられ、循環ダクト４１７の下方位置に設けられた空気吹出口４１６が蒸発器６を収容する熱交換室４６０に連通し、熱交換室４６０が庫内ファン１４を収容するファンカバー４１５に連通し、シュータ４１０には空気が通過する多数の通気孔４１１が設けられている。さらに、庫内部品収納室４１２の下方には、機械室４１９と電装品収納室４２０が形成され、機械室４１９には冷却装置１００の圧縮機１やガスクーラ３に送風するガスクーラファン２４や蒸発パイプ３１等が、電装品収納室４２０には自動販売機４００を制御する各電装品および冷却装置の制御手段の一部が収容されている（図示せず）。 In addition, a circulation duct 417 is provided on the back side of the product storage 402 to circulate the internal air to the internal fan 14 via the inside of the product rack 408, and is provided below the circulation duct 417. The air outlet 416 communicates with the heat exchange chamber 460 that houses the evaporator 6, the heat exchange chamber 460 communicates with the fan cover 415 that houses the internal fan 14, and the shooter 410 has a large number of passages through which air passes. A pore 411 is provided. Further, a machine room 419 and an electrical component storage room 420 are formed below the internal component storage room 412, and the machine room 419 has a gas cooler fan 24 and an evaporation pipe for blowing air to the compressor 1 and the gas cooler 3 of the cooling device 100. 31 and the like, the electrical component storage chamber 420 accommodates a part of each electrical component that controls the vending machine 400 and a control unit of the cooling device (not shown).

次に、本実施形態の冷却装置１００の動作について説明する。
まず、除霜運転（除霜運転モード）について、図１、図２、図５乃至図７に基づき説明する。連続稼働時間Ｔが設定時間（例えば８時間）経過したか否かをみて（ステップＳ１１）、８時間経過していたら加熱庫の温度Ｔａが設定温度（例えば５２℃）より低いか否かを判断し（ステップＳ１２）、加熱庫の温度Ｔａが５２℃より低いと判定されれば、次に冷却庫の温度Ｔｂが第１の設定温度（例えば０℃）より低いか否かを判断し（ステップＳ１３）、冷却庫の温度Ｔｂが０℃より高いと判定されれば、次の運転モードは冷却・加熱同時運転となるため、除霜開始条件が成立し、冷却・加熱同時運転モードへ移行するとともに（ステップＳ１４）、通常運転モード時の冷却・加熱同時運転の際には閉じられている中間熱交換器２の電磁弁３７を開き（ステップＳ１５）、二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａで圧縮されて圧力を中間よりやや低いところまで上昇された冷媒である一段目冷媒が配管１０ａから中間熱交換器２を経由して流れるようにする。次いで、電磁弁３７，３３ａ，３２ｃ，７ｂ，７ｃ，５ｂ，５ｃ，３２ｂを閉じ、電磁弁３５ａ，３５ｂ，３３ｂ，５ａを開いて、冷媒が図１中に太い実線で示す配管を矢印方向へ流れるように冷凍回路を構成し、除霜タイマをセットする（ステップＳ１６）。なお、ここでは除霜開始条件が成立したか否かを判定する判定材料の１つとして連続稼働時間Ｔを用いたものを例に挙げて説明しているが、この連続稼働時間Ｔに代えて中間熱交換器２が凝縮運転している積算稼働時間を用いてもよいことは言うまでもない。 Next, operation | movement of the cooling device 100 of this embodiment is demonstrated.
First, the defrosting operation (defrosting operation mode) will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 5 to 7. It is determined whether or not the continuous operation time T has passed a set time (for example, 8 hours) (step S11). If 8 hours have passed, it is determined whether or not the temperature Ta of the heating chamber is lower than the set temperature (for example, 52 ° C.). If it is determined that the temperature Ta of the heating chamber is lower than 52 ° C., it is next determined whether or not the temperature Tb of the cooling chamber is lower than a first set temperature (for example, 0 ° C.) (step S12). S13) If it is determined that the temperature Tb of the refrigerator is higher than 0 ° C., the next operation mode is the simultaneous cooling / heating operation, so the defrosting start condition is satisfied, and the mode is shifted to the simultaneous cooling / heating operation mode. At the same time (step S14), the solenoid valve 37 of the closed intermediate heat exchanger 2 is opened during the simultaneous cooling and heating operation in the normal operation mode (step S15), and the first stage compression of the two-stage compressor 1 is performed. It is compressed by the part 1a and the pressure is intermediate It is the first-stage refrigerant is a refrigerant that has been raised to slightly lower where to flow through the intermediate heat exchanger 2 from the pipe 10a. Next, the solenoid valves 37, 33a, 32c, 7b, 7c, 5b, 5c, 32b are closed, the solenoid valves 35a, 35b, 33b, 5a are opened, and the refrigerant pipes indicated by thick solid lines in FIG. A refrigeration circuit is configured to flow and a defrost timer is set (step S16). In addition, although the example using the continuous operation time T as one of the determination materials for determining whether or not the defrosting start condition is satisfied is described here as an example, the continuous operation time T is used instead. Needless to say, the accumulated operation time during which the intermediate heat exchanger 2 is performing the condensation operation may be used.

冷却・加熱同時運転モードによる除霜運転は、まず二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａで圧縮されて圧力を中間よりやや低いところまで上昇された冷媒である一段目冷媒が、配管１０ａから中間熱交換器２に供給され、中間熱交換器２において放熱される。そして、中間熱交換器２を通過した一段目冷媒は、二段目圧縮部１ｂに吸い込まれ、さらに圧縮される。そして、この二段目圧縮部１ｂで圧縮されて高温・高圧となった冷媒である二段目冷媒は、二段目圧縮部１ｂから配管１０ｈ、分岐管１０ｉ，１０ｊを経由して温熱利用側の蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃに供給され、蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃが加熱される。 In the defrosting operation in the cooling / heating simultaneous operation mode, the first-stage refrigerant that is first compressed by the first-stage compression unit 1a of the two-stage compressor 1 and the pressure is raised to a position slightly lower than the middle is the pipe 10a. Is supplied to the intermediate heat exchanger 2 and radiated in the intermediate heat exchanger 2. Then, the first-stage refrigerant that has passed through the intermediate heat exchanger 2 is sucked into the second-stage compression unit 1b and further compressed. The second-stage refrigerant, which is a refrigerant that has been compressed by the second-stage compression section 1b and becomes a high temperature and high pressure, passes from the second-stage compression section 1b via the pipe 10h and the branch pipes 10i and 10j to the side where the heat is used. Are supplied to the evaporators 6b and 6c, and the evaporators 6b and 6c are heated.

次いで、蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃを通過した二段目冷媒は、蒸発器６ｂ、６ｃの下流側とガスクーラ３の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｄを経由してガスクーラ３に供給され、そこからガスクーラ３と電子膨張弁４とを接続する配管を経由して電子膨張弁４に供給される。この時、ガスクーラ３と電子膨張弁４とを接続する配管は、内部熱交換器８の一部を形成しているから、二段目冷媒は内部熱交換器８において、冷熱を受け取り冷却される。そして、電子膨張弁４において膨張した低温低圧冷媒は、電子膨張弁４の下流側と蒸発器６ａとを接続する配管を経由して蒸発器６ａに供給され、蒸発器６ａが冷却される。そして、蒸発器６ａを通過した低温低圧冷媒は、蒸発器６ａと一段目圧縮部１ａとを連結する配管１０ｆを経由して一段目圧縮部１ａに戻される。この時、配管１０ｆは内部熱交換器８の一部を形成しているから、低温低圧冷媒が保有する冷熱は内部熱交換器８において二段目冷媒に受け渡される。 Next, the second-stage refrigerant that has passed through the evaporators 6b and 6c is supplied to the gas cooler 3 via a pipe 10d that connects the downstream side of the evaporators 6b and 6c and the upstream side of the gas cooler 3, from which the gas cooler 3 is supplied. Is supplied to the electronic expansion valve 4 via a pipe connecting the electronic expansion valve 4 and the electronic expansion valve 4. At this time, since the pipe connecting the gas cooler 3 and the electronic expansion valve 4 forms a part of the internal heat exchanger 8, the second stage refrigerant is cooled by receiving cold in the internal heat exchanger 8. . Then, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant expanded in the electronic expansion valve 4 is supplied to the evaporator 6a via a pipe connecting the downstream side of the electronic expansion valve 4 and the evaporator 6a, and the evaporator 6a is cooled. Then, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 6a is returned to the first-stage compression unit 1a via a pipe 10f that connects the evaporator 6a and the first-stage compression unit 1a. At this time, since the pipe 10 f forms a part of the internal heat exchanger 8, the cold heat held by the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is transferred to the second-stage refrigerant in the internal heat exchanger 8.

以上の除霜運転は、所定時間（例えば１５分間）行われる。したがって、ステップＳ１６にて除霜タイマがセットされ、除霜運転が１５分経過すると（ステップＳ１７）、除霜タイマがリセットされ（ステップＳ１８）、次いで稼働タイマがリセットされ（ステップＳ１９）、通常運転モードへ移行し（ステップＳ２０）、除霜運転が終了する。なお、中間熱交換器２の電磁弁３７は、通常運転モードへ移行すれば、通常運転モードのなかで開閉が自動的に制御されるため、除霜運転が終了する際に閉じる必要はない。 The above defrosting operation is performed for a predetermined time (for example, 15 minutes). Therefore, the defrosting timer is set in step S16, and when the defrosting operation has elapsed for 15 minutes (step S17), the defrosting timer is reset (step S18), then the operation timer is reset (step S19), and the normal operation is performed. The mode is changed (step S20), and the defrosting operation is finished. In addition, if the solenoid valve 37 of the intermediate heat exchanger 2 shifts to the normal operation mode, the opening / closing is automatically controlled in the normal operation mode, and thus it is not necessary to close the solenoid valve 37 when the defrosting operation ends.

このように、冷却・加熱同時運転モードによる除霜運転によって、所定時間、一段目冷媒の保有する温熱によって中間熱交換器２が加熱され、二段式圧縮機１の保有する温熱によって温熱利用側の蒸発器６ｂ、６ｃが加熱され、低圧低温冷媒の保有する冷熱によって冷熱利用側の蒸発器６ａが冷却される。したがって、冷却庫および加熱庫への冷媒の流れを転向させることなく、冷却庫および加熱庫に対する冷却・加熱同時運転状態を維持したまま中間熱交換器の除霜を行うことができる。このため、運転効率が向上する。 In this way, the intermediate heat exchanger 2 is heated by the heat held by the first-stage refrigerant for a predetermined time by the defrosting operation in the simultaneous cooling and heating operation mode, and the heat utilization side is heated by the heat held by the two-stage compressor 1. The evaporators 6b and 6c are heated, and the evaporator 6a on the cold heat utilization side is cooled by the cold heat held by the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant. Therefore, the intermediate heat exchanger can be defrosted while maintaining the cooling / heating simultaneous operation state with respect to the cooling cabinet and the heating cabinet without diverting the flow of the refrigerant to the cooling cabinet and the heating cabinet. For this reason, driving efficiency is improved.

また、ステップＳ１２にて加熱庫の温度Ｔａが５２℃より高いと判定されれば、次に冷却庫の温度Ｔｂが第２の設定温度（例えば１０℃）より高い低いか否かを判断し（ステップＳ２１）、冷却庫の温度Ｔｂが１０℃より低いと判定されれば（図６のａ点）、除霜開始条件が成立せず、なにもせずステップＳ１２に戻る。なお、図６は、ｂ点までは冷却・加熱同時運転、ｂ点からｃ点の間は加熱単独運転、ｃ点からｄ点の間は運転が停止し、ｄ点から前述の除霜運転（ステップＳ１２〜ステップＳ２０）へ移行している状態を示している。つまり、除霜開始条件が成立したか否かの判定を、連続稼働時間が予め設定した時間を超えたか否かの判定と、冷熱利用側の蒸発器６ａにより冷却される冷却庫内の検出温度と、温熱利用側の蒸発器６ｂ、６ｃにより加熱される加熱庫内の検出温度とに基づいて行い、これによって除霜運転をできるだけ通常運転モード状態を維持したまま行えるようにして、除霜のためだけの運転は回避するようにしている。これにより、運転効率が向上する。 If it is determined in step S12 that the temperature Ta of the heating chamber is higher than 52 ° C, it is next determined whether or not the temperature Tb of the cooling chamber is lower than a second set temperature (for example, 10 ° C) ( If it determines with the temperature Tb of a refrigerator being lower than 10 degreeC (step S21) (point a of FIG. 6), a defrost start condition will not be satisfied but it will return to step S12 without doing anything. In FIG. 6, the cooling and heating operation is simultaneously performed up to the point b, the heating single operation is performed from the point b to the point c, the operation is stopped from the point c to the point d, and the defrosting operation ( The state which has shifted to step S12 to step S20) is shown. That is, it is determined whether or not the defrosting start condition is satisfied, whether or not the continuous operation time exceeds a preset time, and the detected temperature in the refrigerator that is cooled by the evaporator 6a on the cold-use side. And the detected temperature in the heating chamber heated by the evaporators 6b and 6c on the heat utilization side, so that the defrosting operation can be performed while maintaining the normal operation mode state as much as possible. I try to avoid driving just for that. Thereby, driving efficiency improves.

したがって、ステップＳ２１にて冷却庫の温度Ｔｂが１０℃より高いと判定されれば、次の運転モードは冷却単独運転となるため、除霜開始条件が成立し、冷却単独運転モードへ移行するとともに（ステップＳ２２）、処理をステップＳ１５に移す。つまり、中間熱交換器２の電磁弁３７を開き、二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａで圧縮されて圧力を中間よりやや低いところまで上昇された冷媒である一段目冷媒が配管１０ａから中間熱交換器２を経由して流れるようにして、冷却単独運転モードによる除霜を行えるようにする。次いで、電磁弁３７，３５ａ，３５ｂ，５ｂ，５ｃ，７ｃ，７ｂ，３２ｃ，３２ｂを閉じ、電磁弁３３ａ，５ａを開いて、冷媒が図２中に太い実線で示す配管を矢印方向へ流れるように冷凍回路を構成し、除霜タイマをセットする（ステップＳ１６）。 Therefore, if it determines with the temperature Tb of a refrigerator being higher than 10 degreeC in step S21, since the next operation mode will be a cooling single operation, while defrost start conditions will be satisfied and it will transfer to cooling single operation mode. (Step S22), the process proceeds to Step S15. That is, the electromagnetic valve 37 of the intermediate heat exchanger 2 is opened, and the first-stage refrigerant, which is a refrigerant compressed by the first-stage compression unit 1a of the two-stage compressor 1 and having the pressure raised to a position slightly lower than the middle, is connected to the pipe 10a. To flow through the intermediate heat exchanger 2 so that defrosting can be performed in the cooling single operation mode. Next, the solenoid valves 37, 35a, 35b, 5b, 5c, 7c, 7b, 32c, 32b are closed, and the solenoid valves 33a, 5a are opened so that the refrigerant flows in the direction indicated by the arrow in the thick solid line in FIG. A refrigeration circuit is configured and a defrost timer is set (step S16).

冷却単独運転モードによる除霜運転は、まず二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａで圧縮されて圧力を中間よりやや低いところまで上昇された冷媒である一段目冷媒が、配管１０ａから中間熱交換器２に供給され、中間熱交換器２において放熱される。そして、中間熱交換器２を通過した一段目冷媒は、二段目圧縮部１ｂに吸い込まれ、さらに圧縮される。そして、この二段目圧縮部１ｂで圧縮されて高温・高圧となった冷媒である二段目冷媒は、二段目圧縮部１ｂから配管１０ｃを経由してガスクーラ３に供給され、そこからガスクーラ３と電子膨張弁４とを接続する配管を経由して電子膨張弁４に供給される。この時、二段目冷媒は内部熱交換器８において、冷熱を受け取り冷却される。そして、電子膨張弁４において膨張した低温低圧冷媒は、電子膨張弁４の下流側と蒸発器６ａとを接続する配管を経由して蒸発器６ａに供給され、蒸発器６ａが冷却される。そして、蒸発器６ａを通過した低温低圧冷媒は、蒸発器６ａと一段目圧縮部１ａとを連結する配管１０ｆを経由して一段目圧縮部１ａに戻される。この時、低温低圧冷媒が保有する冷熱は内部熱交換器８において二段目冷媒に受け渡される。 In the defrosting operation in the cooling single operation mode, the first-stage refrigerant that is first compressed by the first-stage compression unit 1a of the two-stage compressor 1 and the pressure is increased to a slightly lower level than the middle is intermediate from the pipe 10a. The heat is supplied to the heat exchanger 2 and is radiated in the intermediate heat exchanger 2. Then, the first-stage refrigerant that has passed through the intermediate heat exchanger 2 is sucked into the second-stage compression unit 1b and further compressed. Then, the second-stage refrigerant, which is a refrigerant that has been compressed by the second-stage compression section 1b and becomes a high temperature and a high pressure, is supplied from the second-stage compression section 1b to the gas cooler 3 via the pipe 10c, and from there, the gas cooler 3 is supplied to the electronic expansion valve 4 via a pipe connecting the electronic expansion valve 4 and the electronic expansion valve 4. At this time, the second-stage refrigerant is cooled by receiving cold heat in the internal heat exchanger 8. Then, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant expanded in the electronic expansion valve 4 is supplied to the evaporator 6a via a pipe connecting the downstream side of the electronic expansion valve 4 and the evaporator 6a, and the evaporator 6a is cooled. Then, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 6a is returned to the first-stage compression unit 1a via a pipe 10f that connects the evaporator 6a and the first-stage compression unit 1a. At this time, the cold heat held by the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is transferred to the second-stage refrigerant in the internal heat exchanger 8.

以上の除霜運転は、所定時間（例えば１５分間）行われることは、前述のステップＳ１７〜ステップＳ２３で説明した通りである。この冷却単独運転モードによる除霜運転と、通常運転モード時の冷却単独運転との違いは、除霜運転時は冷却庫内の温度の如何に関わらず、つまり冷却庫内の温度が０℃を下回ったとしても１５分間行われる点であり、それ以外は通常運転モード時の冷却単独運転と同様である。 The above-described defrosting operation is performed for a predetermined time (for example, 15 minutes) as described in Steps S17 to S23 described above. The difference between the defrosting operation in this cooling single operation mode and the cooling single operation in the normal operation mode is that the temperature in the refrigerator is 0 ° C. regardless of the temperature in the refrigerator during the defrosting operation. Even if it falls below, it is performed for 15 minutes, and other than that is the same as the cooling single operation in the normal operation mode.

このように、除霜運転を、通常運転モード状態を維持したまま行えるため、除霜のためだけの運転が回避され、運転効率が向上する。 Thus, since the defrosting operation can be performed while maintaining the normal operation mode state, the operation only for the defrosting is avoided and the operation efficiency is improved.

また、ステップＳ１３にて冷却庫の温度Ｔｂが０℃より低いと判定されれば（図５のａ点）、通常運転モードの場合、次は加熱単独運転となり、中間熱交換器２が冷却されることになるが、この除霜運転モードでは加熱単独運転へは移行せず、冷却庫内のファン１４ａのみを運転し（ステップＳ２３）、冷却庫内温度がＯＮ温度（１０℃、図５のｂ点）となってからステップ１４へ進み、冷却・加熱同時運転モードへ移行させる。なお、図５は、ａ点までは冷却単独運転、ａ点からｂ点の間は冷却庫内のファン１４ａのみの運転、ｂ点から前述の除霜運転（ステップＳ１４〜ステップＳ２０）へ移行している状態を示している。これにより、除霜開始条件が成立した次の運転モードが加熱単独運転となる場合でも、冷却庫内温度を上げることで、自動的に冷却・加熱同時運転モードによる除霜運転へ移行させることができる。 Further, if it is determined in step S13 that the temperature Tb of the refrigerator is lower than 0 ° C. (point a in FIG. 5), in the normal operation mode, the heating operation is performed next, and the intermediate heat exchanger 2 is cooled. However, in this defrosting operation mode, it does not shift to the heating single operation, but only the fan 14a in the refrigerator is operated (step S23), and the temperature in the refrigerator is the ON temperature (10 ° C., FIG. 5). After point b), the process proceeds to step 14 to shift to the simultaneous cooling / heating operation mode. In FIG. 5, the cooling only operation is performed up to point a, the operation of only the fan 14a in the refrigerator is performed between points a and b, and the defrosting operation (steps S14 to S20) is shifted from point b. It shows the state. As a result, even when the next operation mode in which the defrosting start condition is satisfied is the heating single operation, it is possible to automatically shift to the defrosting operation in the cooling / heating simultaneous operation mode by raising the temperature in the refrigerator. it can.

通常運転モード時の冷却・加熱同時運転は、図３の冷凍回路によって行われる。すなわち、電磁弁３２ａ，３３ａ，７ｂ，７ｃ，３２ｂ，５ｂ，５ｃ，３２ｃを閉じ、電磁弁３７，３５ａ，３５ｂ，３３ｂ，５ａを開いて、冷媒が図３中に太い実線で示す配管を矢印方向へ流れるように冷凍回路を構成する。まず、二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａで圧縮されて圧力を中間よりやや低いところまで上昇された冷媒である一段目冷媒は、配管１０ａから中間熱交換器２をショートカットするバイパス配管１０ｇを経由し、殆ど放熱せずに二段目圧縮部１ｂに吸い込まれ、さらに圧縮される。そして、この二段目圧縮部１ｂで圧縮されて高温・高圧となった冷媒である二段目冷媒は、二段目圧縮部１ｂから配管１０ｈ、分岐管１０ｉ，１０ｊを経由して温熱利用側の蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃに供給され、蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃが加熱される。 The simultaneous cooling and heating operation in the normal operation mode is performed by the refrigeration circuit of FIG. That is, the solenoid valves 32a, 33a, 7b, 7c, 32b, 5b, 5c, 32c are closed, the solenoid valves 37, 35a, 35b, 33b, 5a are opened, and the refrigerant is shown by a thick solid line in FIG. The refrigeration circuit is configured to flow in the direction. First, the first-stage refrigerant, which is a refrigerant compressed by the first-stage compression unit 1a of the two-stage compressor 1 and whose pressure is raised to a position slightly lower than the middle, is a bypass pipe that shortcuts the intermediate heat exchanger 2 from the pipe 10a. The air is sucked into the second-stage compression unit 1b through 10g with little heat dissipation and further compressed. The second-stage refrigerant, which is a refrigerant that has been compressed by the second-stage compression section 1b and becomes a high temperature and high pressure, passes from the second-stage compression section 1b via the pipe 10h and the branch pipes 10i and 10j to the side where the heat is used. Are supplied to the evaporators 6b and 6c, and the evaporators 6b and 6c are heated.

次いで、蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃを通過した二段目冷媒は、蒸発器６ｂ、６ｃの下流側とガスクーラ３の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｄを経由してガスクーラ３に供給され、そこからガスクーラ３と電子膨張弁４とを接続する配管を経由して電子膨張弁４に供給される。この時、二段目冷媒は内部熱交換器８において、冷熱を受け取り冷却される。そして、電子膨張弁４において膨張した低温低圧冷媒は、電子膨張弁４の下流側と蒸発器６ａとを接続する配管を経由して蒸発器６ａに供給され、蒸発器６ａが冷却される。そして、蒸発器６ａを通過した低温低圧冷媒は、蒸発器６ａと一段目圧縮部１ａとを連結する配管１０ｆを経由して一段目圧縮部１ａに戻される。この時、低温低圧冷媒が保有する冷熱は内部熱交換器８において二段目冷媒に受け渡される。 Next, the second-stage refrigerant that has passed through the evaporators 6b and 6c is supplied to the gas cooler 3 via a pipe 10d that connects the downstream side of the evaporators 6b and 6c and the upstream side of the gas cooler 3, from which the gas cooler 3 is supplied. Is supplied to the electronic expansion valve 4 via a pipe connecting the electronic expansion valve 4 and the electronic expansion valve 4. At this time, the second-stage refrigerant is cooled by receiving cold heat in the internal heat exchanger 8. Then, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant expanded in the electronic expansion valve 4 is supplied to the evaporator 6a via a pipe connecting the downstream side of the electronic expansion valve 4 and the evaporator 6a, and the evaporator 6a is cooled. Then, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 6a is returned to the first-stage compression unit 1a via a pipe 10f that connects the evaporator 6a and the first-stage compression unit 1a. At this time, the cold heat held by the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is transferred to the second-stage refrigerant in the internal heat exchanger 8.

通常運転モード時の加熱単独運転は、図４の冷凍回路によって行われる。すなわち、電磁弁３２ａ，３３ａ，７ｂ，７ｃ，５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃ閉じ、電磁弁３７，３５ａ，３５ｂ，３３ｂ，３２ｂ，３２ｃを開いて、冷媒が図４中に太い実線で示す配管を矢印方向へ流れるように冷凍回路を構成する。まず、二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａで圧縮されて圧力を中間よりやや低いところまで上昇された冷媒である一段目冷媒は、配管１０ａから中間熱交換器２をショートカットするバイパス配管１０ｇを経由し、殆ど放熱せずに二段目圧縮部１ｂに吸い込まれ、さらに圧縮される。そして、この二段目圧縮部１ｂで圧縮されて高温・高圧となった冷媒である二段目冷媒は、二段目圧縮部１ｂから配管１０ｈ、分岐管１０ｉ，１０ｊを経由して温熱利用側の蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃに供給され、蒸発器６ｂ，６ｃが加熱される。 The heating single operation in the normal operation mode is performed by the refrigeration circuit of FIG. That is, the solenoid valves 32a, 33a, 7b, 7c, 5a, 5b, and 5c are closed, the solenoid valves 37, 35a, 35b, 33b, 32b, and 32c are opened, and the refrigerant is shown by a thick solid line in FIG. The refrigeration circuit is configured to flow to First, the first-stage refrigerant, which is a refrigerant compressed by the first-stage compression unit 1a of the two-stage compressor 1 and whose pressure is raised to a position slightly lower than the middle, is a bypass pipe that shortcuts the intermediate heat exchanger 2 from the pipe 10a. The air is sucked into the second-stage compression unit 1b through 10g with little heat dissipation and further compressed. The second-stage refrigerant, which is a refrigerant that has been compressed by the second-stage compression section 1b and becomes a high temperature and high pressure, passes from the second-stage compression section 1b via the pipe 10h and the branch pipes 10i and 10j to the side where the heat is used. Are supplied to the evaporators 6b and 6c, and the evaporators 6b and 6c are heated.

次いで、二段目冷媒は蒸発器６ｂ、６ｃの下流側とガスクーラ３の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｄを経由してガスクーラ３に供給され、そこからガスクーラ３と電子膨張弁４とを接続する配管を経由して電子膨張弁４に供給される。この時、二段目冷媒は内部熱交換器８において、冷熱を受け取り冷却される。そして、電子膨張弁４において膨張した低温低圧冷媒は、電子膨張弁４の下流側と中間熱交換器２の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｂを経由して中間熱交換器２に供給され、中間熱交換器２で冷熱が外気に放熱される。そして、冷熱を放熱した冷媒は、中間熱交換器２の下流側と内部熱交換器８の低圧配管の上流側とを接続する配管１０ｅを経由して内部熱交換器８に供給され、内部熱交換器８にて冷熱の一部を電子膨張弁４に流入する前の冷媒に受け渡し、二段式圧縮機１の一段目圧縮部１ａに戻される。 Next, the second-stage refrigerant is supplied to the gas cooler 3 via a pipe 10d that connects the downstream side of the evaporators 6b and 6c and the upstream side of the gas cooler 3, from which the gas cooler 3 and the electronic expansion valve 4 are connected. It is supplied to the electronic expansion valve 4 via piping. At this time, the second-stage refrigerant is cooled by receiving cold heat in the internal heat exchanger 8. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant expanded in the electronic expansion valve 4 is supplied to the intermediate heat exchanger 2 via the pipe 10b connecting the downstream side of the electronic expansion valve 4 and the upstream side of the intermediate heat exchanger 2, Cold heat is radiated to the outside air by the heat exchanger 2. The refrigerant that has dissipated the cold is supplied to the internal heat exchanger 8 via the pipe 10e that connects the downstream side of the intermediate heat exchanger 2 and the upstream side of the low-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger 8, In the exchanger 8, a part of the cold heat is transferred to the refrigerant before flowing into the electronic expansion valve 4, and returned to the first stage compression unit 1 a of the two-stage compressor 1.

したがって、本実施形態の自動販売機４００において、商品収納庫４０２が前述した冷却装置１００の蒸発器６によって冷却または加熱されるから、冷却庫および加熱庫に対する冷却・加熱同時運転状態を維持したまま中間熱交換器の除霜を行うことができる。このため、除霜のためだけに圧縮機１を運転する必要がなくなって、運転コストを低く抑えることができる。 Therefore, in the vending machine 400 of the present embodiment, the commodity storage 402 is cooled or heated by the evaporator 6 of the cooling device 100 described above, so that the cooling / heating simultaneous operation state for the cooling store and the heating store is maintained. Defrosting of the intermediate heat exchanger can be performed. For this reason, it is not necessary to operate the compressor 1 only for defrosting, and the operating cost can be kept low.

本発明の一実施形態に係る冷却装置の除霜運転モード時の冷凍回路図である。It is a freezing circuit figure at the time of the defrost operation mode of the cooling device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る冷却装置の冷却単独（又は除霜）運転モード時の冷凍回路図である。It is a refrigeration circuit figure at the time of the cooling single (or defrost) operation mode of the cooling device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る冷却装置の冷却・加熱同時運転時の冷凍回路図である。It is a freezing circuit figure at the time of simultaneous cooling and heating operation of the cooling device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る冷却装置の加熱単独運転時の冷凍回路図である。It is a refrigeration circuit figure at the time of heating independent operation of the cooling device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る冷却装置の動作を示すタイミングチャートである。It is a timing chart which shows operation | movement of the cooling device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る冷却装置の動作を示すタイミングチャートである。It is a timing chart which shows operation | movement of the cooling device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る冷却装置の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the cooling device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る自動販売機を側方より見た断面図である。It is sectional drawing which looked at the vending machine concerning one Embodiment of this invention from the side. 本発明の一実施形態に係る自動販売機を正面側より見た断面図である。It is sectional drawing which looked at the vending machine concerning one Embodiment of this invention from the front side.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１二段式圧縮機
１ａ一段目圧縮部
１ｂ二段目圧縮部
２中間熱交換器
３ガスクーラ
４電子膨張弁
６収納庫内熱交換手段（蒸発器）
６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃ蒸発器
８内部熱交換器
１４ａ，１４ｂ，１４ｃ庫内ファン
１６庫内温度センサ
１００冷却装置
４００自動販売機
４０１筐体
４０２ａ，４０２ｂ，４０２ｃ商品収納庫
４０３ａｂ，４０３ｂｃ仕切板
４０４断熱扉
４０８商品ラック
４０９商品取出し口
４１０シュータ
４１７循環ダクト
Ｓ商品
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Two-stage compressor 1a First stage compression part 1b Second stage compression part 2 Intermediate heat exchanger 3 Gas cooler 4 Electronic expansion valve 6 Heat exchange means (evaporator) in storage
6a, 6b, 6c Evaporator 8 Internal heat exchanger 14a, 14b, 14c Internal fan 16 Internal temperature sensor 100 Cooling device 400 Vending machine 401 Housing 402a, 402b, 402c Product storage 403ab, 403bc Partition plate 404 Thermal insulation Door 408 Product rack 409 Product outlet 410 Shuta 417 Circulation duct S Product

Claims

冷媒を中間圧力にまで圧縮する一段目圧縮部と冷媒を所定圧力にまで圧縮する二段目圧縮部とを具備する二段式圧縮機と、
冷媒を冷却または加熱単独運転時に冷熱を庫外へ放熱する中間熱交換器と、
冷媒を冷却するガスクーラと、
冷媒を膨張させる電子膨張弁と、
冷媒を蒸発または凝縮させる複数の蒸発器と、
冷媒の保有する冷熱の一部を前記電子膨張弁に流入する前の冷媒に受け渡す内部熱交換器とを有し、
前記蒸発器のうち冷熱利用側の蒸発器により冷却される冷却庫内の検出温度と、前記蒸発器のうち温熱利用側の蒸発器により加熱される加熱庫内の検出温度と、これら冷却庫と加熱庫の各設定温度と、前記中間熱交換器の除霜開始条件と、に基づいて運転モードが自動的に切り替わる冷却装置であって、
前記中間熱交換器の除霜開始条件が成立した場合は、除霜開始条件が成立した次の前記加熱庫および冷却庫に対する冷却・加熱同時運転または冷却単独運転のなかで、所定時間、前記中間熱交換器へ高温冷媒を流し、除霜することを特徴とする冷却装置。 A two-stage compressor including a first-stage compression unit that compresses the refrigerant to an intermediate pressure and a second-stage compression unit that compresses the refrigerant to a predetermined pressure;
An intermediate heat exchanger that dissipates cold to the outside during cooling or heating alone operation of the refrigerant,
A gas cooler for cooling the refrigerant;
An electronic expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant;
A plurality of evaporators for evaporating or condensing the refrigerant;
An internal heat exchanger that delivers a part of the cold heat held by the refrigerant to the refrigerant before flowing into the electronic expansion valve;
The detected temperature in the refrigerator cooled by the evaporator on the cold-use side of the evaporator, the detected temperature in the heating chamber heated by the evaporator on the hot-use side of the evaporator, and these refrigerators A cooling device in which the operation mode is automatically switched based on each set temperature of the heating chamber and the defrosting start condition of the intermediate heat exchanger,
When the defrosting start condition of the intermediate heat exchanger is satisfied, the intermediate time is determined for a predetermined time in the cooling / heating simultaneous operation or the cooling single operation for the heating chamber and the cooling chamber next to the defrosting start condition. A cooling device characterized by flowing a high-temperature refrigerant into a heat exchanger and defrosting.

除霜開始条件が成立した次の前記加熱庫および冷却庫に対する運転モードが冷却・加熱同時運転の場合、
前記一段目圧縮部において圧縮された冷媒である一段目冷媒が該一段目圧縮部から前記中間熱交換器を経由して前記二段目圧縮部に供給され、前記二段目圧縮部において圧縮された冷媒である二段目冷媒が該二段目圧縮部から前記複数の蒸発器のうちの温熱利用側の蒸発器に供給され、該温熱利用側蒸発器を通過した前記二段目冷媒が前記ガスクーラを経由して前記内部熱交換器の高圧配管の上流側に供給され、該内部熱交換器を通過した前記二段目冷媒が前記電子膨張弁に供給されて低圧低温冷媒になり、該低圧低温冷媒が前記複数の蒸発器のうちの冷熱利用側の蒸発器に供給され、該冷熱利用側蒸発器を通過した前記低圧低温冷媒が前記内部熱交換器の低圧配管の上流側に供給され、さらに該内部熱交換器から前記二段式圧縮機の一段目圧縮部に供給されることにより、
所定時間、前記一段目冷媒の保有する温熱によって前記中間熱交換器が加熱され、前記二段式圧縮機の保有する温熱によって前記温熱利用側の蒸発器が加熱され、前記低圧低温冷媒の保有する冷熱によって前記冷熱利用側の蒸発器が冷却されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の冷却装置。 When the operation mode for the next heating chamber and cooling chamber where the defrosting start condition is satisfied is the simultaneous cooling / heating operation,
The first-stage refrigerant that is the refrigerant compressed in the first-stage compression section is supplied from the first-stage compression section to the second-stage compression section via the intermediate heat exchanger, and is compressed in the second-stage compression section. The second-stage refrigerant, which is the second refrigerant, is supplied from the second-stage compression section to the evaporator on the heat utilization side of the plurality of evaporators, and the second-stage refrigerant that has passed through the heat utilization-side evaporator is The second-stage refrigerant that is supplied to the upstream side of the high-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger via the gas cooler and passes through the internal heat exchanger is supplied to the electronic expansion valve to become a low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant, and the low-pressure refrigerant Low-temperature refrigerant is supplied to the cold-use evaporator on the cold-use side of the plurality of evaporators, and the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant that has passed through the cold-use side evaporator is supplied to the upstream side of the low-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger, Furthermore, from the internal heat exchanger, the first stage of the two-stage compressor By supplying the reduced section,
The intermediate heat exchanger is heated by the heat held by the first-stage refrigerant for a predetermined time, the evaporator on the heat utilization side is heated by the heat held by the two-stage compressor, and held by the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant. The cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator on the cold-use side is cooled by cold heat.

除霜開始条件が成立した次の前記加熱庫および冷却庫に対する運転モードが冷却単独運転の場合、
前記一段目圧縮部において圧縮された冷媒である一段目冷媒が該一段目圧縮部から前記中間熱交換器を経由して前記二段目圧縮部に供給され、前記二段目圧縮部において圧縮された冷媒である二段目冷媒が該二段目圧縮部から前記ガスクーラを経由して前記内部熱交換器の高圧配管の上流側に供給され、該内部熱交換器を通過した前記二段目冷媒が前記電子膨張弁に供給されて低圧低温冷媒になり、該低圧低温冷媒が前記複数の蒸発器のうちの冷熱利用側の蒸発器に供給され、該冷熱利用側蒸発器を通過した前記低圧低温冷媒が前記内部熱交換器の低圧配管の上流側に供給され、さらに該内部熱交換器から前記二段式圧縮機の一段目圧縮部に供給されることにより、
所定時間、前記一段目冷媒の保有する温熱によって前記中間熱交換器が加熱され、前記低圧低温冷媒の保有する冷熱によって前記冷熱利用側の蒸発器が冷却されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の冷却装置。 When the operation mode for the next heating chamber and cooling chamber where the defrosting start condition is satisfied is the cooling single operation,
The first-stage refrigerant that is the refrigerant compressed in the first-stage compression section is supplied from the first-stage compression section to the second-stage compression section via the intermediate heat exchanger, and is compressed in the second-stage compression section. The second-stage refrigerant, which is the second-stage refrigerant, is supplied to the upstream side of the high-pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger from the second-stage compression section through the gas cooler and passes through the internal heat exchanger. Is supplied to the electronic expansion valve to become a low-pressure / low-temperature refrigerant, and the low-pressure / low-temperature refrigerant is supplied to a cold-use side evaporator of the plurality of evaporators and passes through the cold-use side evaporator. Refrigerant is supplied to the upstream side of the low pressure pipe of the internal heat exchanger, and further supplied from the internal heat exchanger to the first stage compression unit of the two-stage compressor,
2. The intermediate heat exchanger is heated by the warm heat held by the first-stage refrigerant for a predetermined time, and the cold-use evaporator is cooled by cold heat held by the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant. Cooling system.

除霜開始条件が成立した次の前記加熱庫および冷却庫に対する運転モードが加熱単独運転の場合、加熱単独運転モードへ移行せず、冷却庫内のファンのみを運転し、冷却庫内温度がＯＮ温度となってから冷却・加熱同時運転を行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載の冷却装置。 When the operation mode for the next heating chamber and cooling chamber that satisfies the defrosting start condition is the heating-only operation mode, the mode is not shifted to the heating-only operation mode, only the fan in the cooling chamber is operated, and the temperature in the cooling chamber is ON. The cooling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cooling and heating simultaneous operation is performed after the temperature is reached.

除霜開始条件が成立したか否かの判定は、連続または積算稼働時間が予め設定した時間を超えたか否かの判定と、冷熱利用側の蒸発器により冷却される冷却庫内の検出温度と、温熱利用側の蒸発器により加熱される加熱庫内の検出温度とにより行われることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれかに記載の冷却装置。 The determination as to whether or not the defrosting start condition is satisfied is based on the determination as to whether or not the continuous or accumulated operating time exceeds a preset time, and the detected temperature in the refrigerator that is cooled by the evaporator on the cold-use side. The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cooling device is performed by a detected temperature in a heating chamber heated by an evaporator on a heat utilization side.

断熱材によって囲まれ一面に開口部を具備する筐体と、
該筐体を複数の商品収納庫に分割する仕切板と、
前記商品収納庫のそれぞれに対応する商品取出し口を具備し、前記開口部を開閉する断熱扉と、
前記商品収納庫のそれぞれに配置され、商品を収納して順次下方に搬出する機能を有する商品ラックと、
前記商品ラックから落下した商品を前記商品取出し口に誘導するシュータと、
該シュータの下方に配置されて前記商品収納庫内の空気を加熱または冷却する収納庫内熱交換手段と、
該収納庫内熱交換手段を通過する空気の流れを形成する送風手段と、
前記収納庫内熱交換手段によって加熱または冷却された空気を前記商品ラックの内部を経由して前記送風手段に循環させるための循環ダクトとを有する自動販売機であって、
前記収納庫内熱交換手段が、請求項１乃至請求項５のいずれかに記載の冷却装置における蒸発器であることを特徴とする自動販売機。
A housing surrounded by a heat insulating material and having an opening on one side;
A partition plate for dividing the housing into a plurality of product storages;
A product outlet corresponding to each of the product storage, and a heat insulating door that opens and closes the opening;
A product rack disposed in each of the product storages and having a function of storing products and sequentially transporting them downward;
A shooter for guiding a product dropped from the product rack to the product outlet;
A heat exchange means in the storage that is disposed below the shooter and heats or cools the air in the product storage;
Air blowing means for forming a flow of air passing through the heat exchange means in the storage;
A vending machine having a circulation duct for circulating the air heated or cooled by the internal heat exchange means to the air blowing means via the inside of the commodity rack,
6. The vending machine according to claim 1, wherein the internal heat exchange means is an evaporator in the cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.