JP2007198920A - Stirring unit - Google Patents

Stirring unit Download PDF

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JP2007198920A
JP2007198920A JP2006018241A JP2006018241A JP2007198920A JP 2007198920 A JP2007198920 A JP 2007198920A JP 2006018241 A JP2006018241 A JP 2006018241A JP 2006018241 A JP2006018241 A JP 2006018241A JP 2007198920 A JP2007198920 A JP 2007198920A
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Prior art keywords
container
stirring
stirring member
opening
oscillator
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Japanese (ja)
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Michiru Azuma
美千留 我妻
Takashi Tanaka
俊 田中
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Ulvac Inc
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Ulvac Inc
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Priority to JP2006018241A priority Critical patent/JP2007198920A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stirring unit capable of reducing unnecessary vibration in an inside of a container injected with a liquid object, and capable of eliminating a cause of noise when measuring the trace of liquid object, in a QCM sensor cell arranged with an oscillator in a bottom part. <P>SOLUTION: This stirring unit provided with the oscillator in a bottom part of the container provided with an opening part, and for stirring the liquid object injected in the container, includes a magnetic stirring member journaled rotatably from the opening part of the container, and a driving source for rotating the stirring member from the opening part via a magnetic field, and the stirring member is journaled not to contact with an inner face of the container when rotated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、溶液の攪拌、特に水晶振動子マイクロバランス法により溶液中の物質検知或いは測定に用いられる撹拌ユニットに関する。   The present invention relates to a stirring unit used for stirring a solution, particularly for detecting or measuring a substance in the solution by a quartz vibrator microbalance method.

水晶振動子マイクロバランス法(以下QCMと略記する)は発振子の発振・共振の周波数が、前記素子表面へ物質が付着したとき変化する事を利用した、微量な物質質量の検知・測定方法として広く知られている技術である。
QCMにおいて実用上のセンサー感度を有する感応部は、前記振動子電極部と表面位置的にほぼ一致するため、前記電極部そのものの表面を直接、或いは、少なくとも前記電極部表面を含む領域への膜付着や化学的処理などの修飾を行うことにより、検出部として用いられてきている(非特許文献1参照)。
前記センサーを小容量のサンプル溶液に対して用いる場合においては、例えば、特許文献1乃至特許文献3に示すように、フローセルの形状をとるのが一般的であるが、サンプルによっては複数の因子からなる反応を経てようやく目的物が結合するような系も珍しくなく、一方複数反応のステップをQCMで個別に計測したいとの需要も多い。このとき溶液槽がフローセルの形状であると因子別の逐次添加が困難で、バッチ方式の小容量測定槽が求められてきた。
また、バッチ法でこうした微少結合重量の測定を高感度に計測したい場合、被測定対象である添加溶液が極力希釈されない事が重要であるが、測定槽容量が大きい場合、必然的に希釈倍率が大きくなってしまい、結果的にその倍率分だけ高濃度の被測定溶液でなければ検出ができない事になり、より小容量の測定槽が求められている。
The quartz crystal microbalance method (hereinafter abbreviated as “QCM”) is a method for detecting and measuring a very small amount of substance using the fact that the oscillation / resonance frequency of an oscillator changes when the substance adheres to the element surface. This is a well-known technique.
The sensitive part having practical sensor sensitivity in the QCM substantially coincides with the surface position of the vibrator electrode part, so that the surface of the electrode part itself is directly or at least a film on the region including the electrode part surface. It has been used as a detection unit by performing modifications such as adhesion and chemical treatment (see Non-Patent Document 1).
When the sensor is used for a small volume sample solution, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3, it is common to take the shape of a flow cell. It is not uncommon for a system in which the target object finally binds through the reaction described above, while there is a great demand for measuring the steps of a plurality of reactions individually by QCM. At this time, if the solution tank is in the shape of a flow cell, it is difficult to sequentially add by factor, and a batch-type small capacity measuring tank has been demanded.
In addition, when it is desired to measure such a small bond weight with high sensitivity by the batch method, it is important that the additive solution to be measured is not diluted as much as possible. However, if the measuring tank volume is large, the dilution factor is necessarily increased. As a result, detection is not possible unless the solution to be measured has a high concentration corresponding to the magnification, and a smaller measuring tank is required.

通常、前記攪拌は、金属片をフッ素系樹脂で包埋したマグネチック攪拌子と呼ばれる部品を被攪拌溶液中に入れ、外部から回転する磁界を与えることにより前記攪拌子を溶液中で誘導回転させることによりなされるが、これが磁力によるものであるがため、同時に前記攪拌子と外部磁極との間に引力も発生し、なおかつ金属片を包埋している事情でその比重も大きく、結果的に前記攪拌子は溶液槽の底に押しつけられる状態になっている。
水晶振動子を検出素子として用いたバッチ式のQCMによる反応測定系において、測定溶液の小容量化を行う場合、前記水晶振動子は重力方向に対し水平でなおかつ、溶液槽の底に設置するのが接液面積不変で最も効率的な配置であると考えられるが、ここで前記攪拌子による攪拌を実施すると非常に敏感な水晶板上で、押しつけられてこれと接する形で物体が機械的に回転することとなり、結果として測定周波数に大きなノイズが載る形となってしまっていた。
Usually, in the stirring, a part called a magnetic stirrer in which a metal piece is embedded with a fluorine-based resin is placed in a solution to be stirred, and the stirrer is guided and rotated in the solution by applying a rotating magnetic field from the outside. Although this is due to magnetic force, at the same time, attractive force is also generated between the stirrer and the external magnetic pole, and the specific gravity is large due to the circumstances of embedding metal pieces, resulting in The stirring bar is pressed against the bottom of the solution tank.
In a batch-type QCM reaction measurement system using a quartz resonator as a detection element, when the volume of the measurement solution is to be reduced, the quartz resonator is placed in the horizontal direction of gravity and at the bottom of the solution tank. However, when stirring with the stirrer is carried out, the object is mechanically pressed against and touches the very sensitive quartz plate. As a result, a large noise was placed on the measurement frequency.

このため、特許文献4において、撹拌のための部材が発振子に接触しないようにすることが提案されている。
しかしながら、前記提案では、撹拌のための部材とこれを規制する部材とが容器の溶液内で接合されるので、同様に、測定への悪影響が生じるという問題があった。
For this reason, in patent document 4, it is proposed that the member for stirring does not contact an oscillator.
However, in the above proposal, the member for stirring and the member that regulates the member are joined in the solution of the container, so that there is a problem that the measurement is adversely affected.

特許第2851510号公報Japanese Patent No. 2851510 特許第2856653号公報Japanese Patent No. 2856653 特許第2905064号公報Japanese Patent No. 2905064 特開2005−257680号公報JP 2005-257680 A Sauerbrey, G.著 Zeitschrift fur Physik, 1959. 155: p. 206-222.掲載 Use of quartz vibration for weighing thin films on a microbalance.Sauerbrey, G. Zeitschrift fur Physik, 1959. 155: p. 206-222.Use of quartz vibration for weighing thin films on a microbalance.

そこで、本発明は、発振子を底部に配したQCMセンサーセルにおいて、液状物が注入された容器の内部において、不要な振動を低減させて、微量の液状物の測定時のノイズ原因をなくすことができる撹拌ユニットを提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, the present invention eliminates the cause of noise when measuring a small amount of liquid material by reducing unnecessary vibrations inside the container into which the liquid material is injected in the QCM sensor cell in which the oscillator is arranged at the bottom. An object of the present invention is to provide a stirring unit capable of

上記課題を解決するために、本発明者等は、容器開口部側から回転可能に軸支された磁性を有する撹拌部材を、容器底部側から磁界を与えて容器内面に接触しないようにして回転させることにより、撹拌すべき液状物内において、部材同士が接触して意図しない振動を抑えることができるという知見に基づき、下記の通り解決手段を見いだした。
即ち、本発明の撹拌ユニットは、請求項1に記載の通り、開口部を備える容器の底部に発振子を設け、前記容器に注入された液状物を撹拌するための撹拌ユニットであって、前記容器の開口部から回転可能に軸支された磁性を有する撹拌部材と、前記開口部から前記撹拌部材を磁界を介して回転させるための駆動源とを備え、前記撹拌部材は、回転時に前記容器内面に接触しないようにして軸支されることを特徴とする。
また、請求項2に記載の撹拌ユニットは、請求項1に記載の撹拌ユニットにおいて、前記開口部は、前記容器の上面に形成され、前記撹拌部材は、前記開口部を覆うための蓋に軸支されていることを特徴とする。
また、請求項3に記載の撹拌ユニットは、請求項2に記載の撹拌ユニットにおいて、前記蓋は、透明な部材により形成されていることを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have rotated a magnetic stirring member pivotally supported from the container opening side so as not to contact the inner surface of the container by applying a magnetic field from the container bottom side. Based on the knowledge that the unintentional vibration can be suppressed due to contact between the members in the liquid material to be stirred, the solution has been found as follows.
That is, the stirrer unit of the present invention is a stirrer unit as described in claim 1, in which an oscillator is provided at the bottom of a container having an opening, and stirs the liquid material injected into the container, A magnetic stirring member rotatably supported from the opening of the container; and a drive source for rotating the stirring member through the magnetic field from the opening, wherein the stirring member is rotated when the container is rotated. The shaft is supported so as not to contact the inner surface.
Moreover, the stirring unit according to claim 2 is the stirring unit according to claim 1, wherein the opening is formed on an upper surface of the container, and the stirring member is attached to a lid for covering the opening. It is characterized by being supported.
The stirring unit according to claim 3 is the stirring unit according to claim 2, wherein the lid is formed of a transparent member.

本発明によれば、容器の内面において攪拌部材を接触させることなく、また、撹拌部材が回転時にブレが生じても軸支することにより安定して回転させることができる。また、撹拌ユニットの支持部材は、測定時に装着すればよいので、撹拌ユニットの取り外しや容器の洗浄が容易に行うことができる。
更に、容器の開口部に蓋をして、この蓋に撹拌部材を支持することにより、微量の液体の蒸発を防止することができ、液状物の濃度を維持することができる。
更に、前記蓋を透明な部材により構成すれば、容器内を確認しやすいので、例えば、試料を添加する際に有効である。
According to the present invention, the stirring member can be rotated stably without being brought into contact with the inner surface of the container and by being pivotally supported even if the stirring member is shaken during rotation. Further, since the support member of the stirring unit may be attached at the time of measurement, the stirring unit can be easily removed and the container can be easily washed.
Furthermore, by covering the opening of the container and supporting the stirring member on the lid, evaporation of a small amount of liquid can be prevented and the concentration of the liquid substance can be maintained.
Furthermore, if the lid is made of a transparent member, the inside of the container can be easily confirmed, which is effective, for example, when a sample is added.

以下、図面を参照し、本発明の一実施の形態について説明する。尚、本発明は、この実施の形態に制限されるものではない。
本実施の形態の説明において使用するセンサは、図1に示されるように、平面形状が矩形状のガラスやセラミック等により形成された基板1の一端側に、発振子2を設けることにより構成される。発振子2は、水晶等を円形状に形成した圧電板3とその両面の内側(略中央部)に同じく円形状に形成された電極4,5とを備えている。各電極4,5からは、互いに反対方向となるように、圧電板3の外周方向に向かってリード線6,7が設けられており、リード線6,7の外縁部には円弧状に形成された接続端子8,9が形成されている。尚、図示されるように、圧電板3の表側のリード線6は、裏側に回り込み、接続端子8は圧電板3の裏側に配置されている。
また、圧電板3の裏側の電極5は、所定の空間10を有するようにして、基板1により被覆されている。詳細には、図2に図1のA−A断面に示されるように、基板1の一端側の端部に、圧電板3をはめ込むことができる程度の円形状の凹部11が設けられており、この凹部11の内周面は階段状に形成されて、圧電板3の裏側の電極5が基板1に接触しないようになっている。
前記凹部11の内周面の階段の平坦部12にも接続端子13,14が設けられ、これらと、圧電板3に設けられた接続端子8,9は、エポキシ樹脂等の導電性接着剤15を介して接着されることになる。
尚、基板1に設けられた接続端子8,9は、基板1内部に設けられた配線16を介して、圧電板3とは反対側の端部において、外部電源に接続されることになる。
また、前述の通り、圧電板3は、基板1の凹部11により囲繞されており、図2に示すように、圧電板3と基板1の凹部11の内周面との間にはシール剤17が設けられている。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the sensor used in the description of the present embodiment is configured by providing an oscillator 2 on one end side of a substrate 1 formed of glass, ceramic, or the like whose planar shape is rectangular. The The oscillator 2 includes a piezoelectric plate 3 in which crystal or the like is formed in a circular shape, and electrodes 4 and 5 that are also formed in a circular shape on the inner side (substantially central portion) of both surfaces thereof. Lead electrodes 6 and 7 are provided from the electrodes 4 and 5 toward the outer peripheral direction of the piezoelectric plate 3 so as to be opposite to each other, and are formed in an arc shape on the outer edges of the lead wires 6 and 7. Connection terminals 8 and 9 are formed. As shown in the figure, the lead wire 6 on the front side of the piezoelectric plate 3 goes around to the back side, and the connection terminal 8 is arranged on the back side of the piezoelectric plate 3.
The electrode 5 on the back side of the piezoelectric plate 3 is covered with the substrate 1 so as to have a predetermined space 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 in the AA cross section of FIG. 1, a circular recess 11 is provided at the end of one end of the substrate 1 so that the piezoelectric plate 3 can be fitted. The inner peripheral surface of the recess 11 is formed in a step shape so that the electrode 5 on the back side of the piezoelectric plate 3 does not contact the substrate 1.
The connection terminals 13 and 14 are also provided on the flat portion 12 of the staircase on the inner peripheral surface of the concave portion 11, and these and the connection terminals 8 and 9 provided on the piezoelectric plate 3 are made of a conductive adhesive 15 such as an epoxy resin. It will be bonded via.
The connection terminals 8 and 9 provided on the substrate 1 are connected to an external power supply at the end opposite to the piezoelectric plate 3 via the wiring 16 provided inside the substrate 1.
Further, as described above, the piezoelectric plate 3 is surrounded by the concave portion 11 of the substrate 1, and the sealant 17 is provided between the piezoelectric plate 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the concave portion 11 of the substrate 1 as shown in FIG. 2. Is provided.

本実施の形態では、説明を分かりやすくするために、図3に断面図を示すように、上記構成のセンサ30の発振子2の上方に、発振子2の周りを囲繞するように円筒状の囲い1を設け、上部に開口を備える容器18として構成し、ここに液状物(液体のみのものも含む。)を注入して、撹拌するようにした撹拌ユニットについて説明する。
同図に示すように、撹拌ユニットは、アクリル板等の透明な部材により、容器の開口を覆うように蓋体として構成された支持部材19と、前記支持部材19から発振子2の方向に設けられた軸部材20と、前記軸部材20の軸方向に垂直に交わるようにして設けられた円板状の磁性を有する撹拌部材21と、発振子2の下方に設けられ、前記撹拌部材21を磁界により回転させるための磁石22とを備えている。
前記軸部材20は、前記支持部材19に挿通され、支持部材19の上方の円板状の部材23に接続され、前記支持部材19に対して回転自在となるように支持されている。また、軸部材20は、その反対側の端部において、円板状の撹拌部材21の中心部に固定され、撹拌部材21の外縁部は、回転時に容器18の内面に当接することがないように、その直径を、容器18の内径よりも小さく設定している。
上記構成により、容器18内に測定対象となる液状物を注入して、発振子2の下方に設けられた磁石23を駆動させ、この磁力により撹拌部材21を回転させて液状物を撹拌し、圧電板3の電極4,5に対して交流電圧を印加して振動させ、公知の方法により振動周波数等の変化の測定を行う。
In the present embodiment, for easy understanding, as shown in a cross-sectional view in FIG. 3, a cylindrical shape is provided above the oscillator 2 of the sensor 30 having the above configuration so as to surround the oscillator 2. A description will be given of an agitation unit provided with an enclosure 1 and configured as a container 18 having an opening at the top, in which a liquid material (including only liquid) is injected and agitated.
As shown in the figure, the stirring unit is provided with a supporting member 19 configured as a lid so as to cover the opening of the container by a transparent member such as an acrylic plate, and provided in the direction from the supporting member 19 to the oscillator 2. The shaft member 20, the disc-shaped magnetic stirring member 21 provided so as to intersect perpendicularly to the axial direction of the shaft member 20, and the oscillation member 2 provided below the stirring member 21. And a magnet 22 for rotating by a magnetic field.
The shaft member 20 is inserted into the support member 19, connected to a disk-shaped member 23 above the support member 19, and supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the support member 19. Further, the shaft member 20 is fixed to the central portion of the disc-shaped stirring member 21 at the opposite end, so that the outer edge portion of the stirring member 21 does not contact the inner surface of the container 18 during rotation. Further, the diameter is set smaller than the inner diameter of the container 18.
With the above configuration, the liquid material to be measured is injected into the container 18, the magnet 23 provided below the oscillator 2 is driven, the stirring member 21 is rotated by this magnetic force, and the liquid material is stirred. An alternating voltage is applied to the electrodes 4 and 5 of the piezoelectric plate 3 to vibrate, and a change in vibration frequency or the like is measured by a known method.

尚、本発明において、撹拌部材21は、回転時に容器18の内面に当接することがないように、例えば、撹拌部材21の回転時の最大外径が、前記最大外径の部分と対向することになる容器18の内面の内径よりも小さくなるように形成されていれば、その形状についての板状のものに制限するものではない。
また、図示したものでは、容器18の開口部は、容器18の上面に設けているが、必ずしも開口部は上面に設ける必要はなく、容器18内の液状物が撹拌した際に漏れ等を生じない範囲で容器18の側面に設けることも可能である。尚、この場合には、撹拌部材21は、傾斜した軸により支持されることになる。
また、撹拌部材21を板形状とする場合には、例えば、撹拌部材の外周面に凹凸を設けたり、板面に貫通孔を設けたりしてもよい。また、必ずしも、また、撹拌部材と軸部材との接続についても同様であり、軸部材は、撹拌部材の中心に必ずしも接続される必要はなく、偏心させてもよい。
In the present invention, for example, the maximum outer diameter when the stirring member 21 rotates is opposed to the portion of the maximum outer diameter so that the stirring member 21 does not contact the inner surface of the container 18 when rotating. As long as it is formed so as to be smaller than the inner diameter of the inner surface of the container 18, the shape is not limited to a plate-like shape.
In the illustrated example, the opening of the container 18 is provided on the upper surface of the container 18, but the opening is not necessarily provided on the upper surface, and leakage or the like occurs when the liquid in the container 18 is agitated. It is also possible to provide it on the side surface of the container 18 in such a range. In this case, the stirring member 21 is supported by an inclined shaft.
Moreover, when making the stirring member 21 into plate shape, an unevenness | corrugation may be provided in the outer peripheral surface of a stirring member, or a through-hole may be provided in a plate surface, for example. The same applies to the connection between the stirring member and the shaft member, and the shaft member does not necessarily need to be connected to the center of the stirring member, and may be eccentric.

また、本実施の形態では、容器18の底部側に撹拌部材21を回転するための駆動源として磁石22を配置したが、撹拌部材21を磁界を介して回転できるものであれば、制限するものではなく、電磁石等を駆動源として使用することも当然可能である。   Further, in the present embodiment, the magnet 22 is disposed as a drive source for rotating the stirring member 21 on the bottom side of the container 18, but is limited as long as the stirring member 21 can be rotated via a magnetic field. However, it is naturally possible to use an electromagnet or the like as a drive source.

本発明は、分子間相互作用の測定をより少量のサンプルによって実施でき、創薬、食品衛生、環境ホルモン評価等の分野においても利用可能である。   The present invention can measure intermolecular interactions with a smaller amount of sample, and can be used in fields such as drug discovery, food hygiene, and environmental hormone evaluation.

本発明の説明のために使用するセンサの平面図Plan view of a sensor used to explain the present invention 同A−A断面図AA sectional view 本発明の一実施の形態の撹拌ユニットの断面図Sectional drawing of the stirring unit of one embodiment of this invention

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 基板
2 発振子
3 圧電板
4 電極
5 電極
6 リード線
7 リード線
8 接続端子
9 接続端子
10 空間
11 凹部
12 平坦部
13 接続端子
14 接続端子
15 導電性接着剤
16 配線
17 シール剤
18 容器
19 支持部材
20 軸部材
21 撹拌部材
22 磁石
23 円板状の部材
30 センサ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Substrate 2 Oscillator 3 Piezoelectric plate 4 Electrode 5 Electrode 6 Lead wire 7 Lead wire 8 Connection terminal 9 Connection terminal 10 Space 11 Recess 12 Flat portion 13 Connection terminal 14 Connection terminal 15 Conductive adhesive 16 Wiring 17 Sealing agent 18 Container 19 Support member 20 Shaft member 21 Stirring member 22 Magnet 23 Disk-shaped member 30 Sensor

Claims (3)

開口部を備える容器の底部に発振子を設け、前記容器に注入された液状物を撹拌するための撹拌ユニットであって、前記容器の開口部から回転可能に軸支された磁性を有する撹拌部材と、前記開口部から前記撹拌部材を磁界を介して回転させるための駆動源とを備え、前記撹拌部材は、回転時に前記容器内面に接触しないようにして軸支されることを特徴とする撹拌ユニット。   An agitating unit for agitating a liquid material injected into the container by providing an oscillator at the bottom of the container having an opening, the agitating member having magnetism rotatably supported from the opening of the container And a drive source for rotating the stirring member through the magnetic field from the opening, and the stirring member is pivotally supported so as not to contact the inner surface of the container at the time of rotation. unit. 前記開口部は、前記容器の上面に形成され、前記撹拌部材は、前記開口部を覆うための蓋に軸支されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撹拌ユニット。   The stirring unit according to claim 1, wherein the opening is formed on an upper surface of the container, and the stirring member is pivotally supported by a lid for covering the opening. 前記蓋は、透明な部材により形成されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の撹拌ユニット。
The stirring unit according to claim 2, wherein the lid is formed of a transparent member.
JP2006018241A 2006-01-26 2006-01-26 Stirring unit Pending JP2007198920A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009162523A (en) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-23 Nippon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd Piezoelectric sensor and sensing apparatus
KR101090013B1 (en) * 2009-03-11 2011-12-05 한국수력원자력 주식회사 Agitator
KR101156182B1 (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-18 주식회사 나래나노텍 A non-contact type stirring apparatus and method of liquid
CN103611450A (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-03-05 侯如升 Cutting stirring cylinder
CN104198323A (en) * 2013-09-03 2014-12-10 北京至感科技有限公司 Highly sensitive acid sensor
CN104198320A (en) * 2013-08-29 2014-12-10 北京至感科技有限公司 Handheld fast reaction iron content monitor
CN105067470A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-11-18 重庆大学 Surface reaction detector and detection method thereof
JP2017053713A (en) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Gas detector

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JPS57119728U (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-07-24
JPS58183237U (en) * 1982-06-02 1983-12-06 柴田ハリオ硝子株式会社 Magnetic stirring device
JPH08145874A (en) * 1994-11-16 1996-06-07 Suzuki Motor Corp Durability testing device for coating film
JP2005257680A (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-09-22 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Qcm sensor unit

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JPS57119728U (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-07-24
JPS58183237U (en) * 1982-06-02 1983-12-06 柴田ハリオ硝子株式会社 Magnetic stirring device
JPH08145874A (en) * 1994-11-16 1996-06-07 Suzuki Motor Corp Durability testing device for coating film
JP2005257680A (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-09-22 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Qcm sensor unit

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009162523A (en) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-23 Nippon Dempa Kogyo Co Ltd Piezoelectric sensor and sensing apparatus
KR101090013B1 (en) * 2009-03-11 2011-12-05 한국수력원자력 주식회사 Agitator
KR101156182B1 (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-18 주식회사 나래나노텍 A non-contact type stirring apparatus and method of liquid
CN104198320A (en) * 2013-08-29 2014-12-10 北京至感科技有限公司 Handheld fast reaction iron content monitor
CN104198323A (en) * 2013-09-03 2014-12-10 北京至感科技有限公司 Highly sensitive acid sensor
CN103611450A (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-03-05 侯如升 Cutting stirring cylinder
CN105067470A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-11-18 重庆大学 Surface reaction detector and detection method thereof
JP2017053713A (en) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Gas detector

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