JP2007186435A - Nicotinamide derivative - Google Patents

Nicotinamide derivative Download PDF

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JP2007186435A
JP2007186435A JP2006004305A JP2006004305A JP2007186435A JP 2007186435 A JP2007186435 A JP 2007186435A JP 2006004305 A JP2006004305 A JP 2006004305A JP 2006004305 A JP2006004305 A JP 2006004305A JP 2007186435 A JP2007186435 A JP 2007186435A
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compound
lower alkyl
optionally substituted
halogen
nicotinamide
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Takashi Kamikubo
隆 上久保
Hana Mukai
華 向井
Ryotaro Ibuka
遼太郎 井深
Hiroyuki Koshio
裕之 古塩
Noriko Ishikawa
典子 石川
Hiroshi Shibata
洋 柴田
Yumiko Soga
有美子 曽我
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Astellas Pharma Inc
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Astellas Pharma Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compound useful as a nitrogen monoxide production enhancer and/or endothelial nitrogen monoxide synthetase activator. <P>SOLUTION: The nicotinamide derivative used as an active component of the medicine has blood circulation improving action based on excellent vascular endothelial nitrogen monoxide production enhancing action and/or endothelial nitrogen monoxide synthetase activating action. The medicine is useful as an agent for ameliorating diseases or pathological states caused by vascular endothelial function insufficiency, especially as a treating agent for peripheral artery obstruction, arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, etc. It is useful also as a preventing or treating agent for dementia and an agent for the enhancement and/or promotion of the functional disorder recovery enhancing action or functional recovery exercising effect including the motility disorder caused by central neurodegeneration diseases such as cerebral apoplexy, brain injury and spinal cord injury. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、血管内皮細胞由来の一酸化窒素(NO)産生促進剤及び/又は内皮性一酸化窒素合成酵素(eNOS)活性化作用を有するニコチンアミド誘導体及びその製薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分とする医薬に関する。殊に、血管内皮性NO産生促進作用及び/又はeNOS活性化剤に関する。   The present invention provides a nitric oxide (NO) production promoter derived from vascular endothelial cells and / or a nicotinamide derivative having an endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activating action and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present invention relates to a medicine as an active ingredient. In particular, it relates to a vascular endothelial NO production promoting action and / or an eNOS activator.

NO(一酸化窒素)はL-アルギニンが酸化されL-シトルリンになる際に産生され、その反応はNO合成酵素(NO Synthase:NOS)によって触媒される。NO産生は生体内の様々な組織、細胞種で観察されるが、恒常的にNOを産生、放出する代表的な細胞種が血管内皮細胞である。血管内皮細胞で産生されるNO(血管内皮性NO)が内皮由来血管弛緩因子(EDRF:endothelium-derived relaxing factor)であることが報告されている(Nature, 1987,327,524-526 ; Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 1987, 84, 9265-9269)。
高脂血症・動脈硬化などの動脈硬化性疾患や糖尿病にみられる血管内皮の機能障害は、eNOSにより産生されるNOの低下による内皮依存性血管弛緩・拡張反応(EDR)の減弱がその大きな原因であると言われている。
またeNOSにより産生される血管内皮性NOは、血管弛緩作用だけでなく、血小板凝集抑制・抗血栓作用、抗増殖作用、抗炎症作用などを有する(医学のあゆみ, 2003, 204(4), 621-625)。
NOがEDRFの本体であることが判明し、更にNOが全身の循環調節において重要な役割を果たすことが明らかになったことから、循環不全治療薬としてニトログリセリン製剤をはじめとするNO供与製剤(硝酸剤)が臨床的に頻用されるようになった。しかし、NO供与製剤は作用持続時間が短く、長期服用した際に耐性が生じやすい。また対象臓器特異性に乏しいことから副作用として全身血圧低下、血圧下降による頻脈、頭痛、めまいが出現する。また、過度のNO産生は細胞毒性を生じることが知られている。
また、NOSの基質であるL-アルギニンの効果がNOに関連する疾患で検討されてきたが、L-アルギニン長期投与の効果は微弱で部分的であると報告されている(Hypertension, 1994, 23, 752-756 ; Hypertension, 1996, 25, 898-902)。
NO (nitrogen monoxide) is produced when L-arginine is oxidized to L-citrulline, and the reaction is catalyzed by NO synthase (NOS). Although NO production is observed in various tissues and cell types in the living body, typical cell types that constantly produce and release NO are vascular endothelial cells. It has been reported that NO (vascular endothelial NO) produced in vascular endothelial cells is an endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) (Nature, 1987, 327, 524-526; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1987, 84, 9265-9269).
Vascular endothelium dysfunction in hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and other arteriosclerotic diseases, as well as diabetes, is largely due to a decrease in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation / dilation (EDR) caused by a decrease in NO produced by eNOS It is said to be the cause.
In addition, vascular endothelial NO produced by eNOS has not only a vasorelaxant action, but also platelet aggregation inhibition, antithrombotic action, antiproliferative action, anti-inflammatory action, etc. (History of Medicine, 2003, 204 (4), 621 -625).
Since NO was found to be the main body of EDRF, and NO was also found to play an important role in systemic circulation control, NO-donating preparations such as nitroglycerin preparations (as circulatory failure drugs) (Nitric acid) has been frequently used clinically. However, the NO-donating preparation has a short duration of action and tends to be resistant to long-term use. In addition, due to poor target organ specificity, systemic blood pressure drop, tachycardia due to blood pressure drop, headache, and dizziness appear as side effects. Excessive NO production is also known to cause cytotoxicity.
Moreover, the effect of L-arginine, a substrate for NOS, has been studied in diseases related to NO, but the effect of long-term administration of L-arginine has been reported to be weak and partial (Hypertension, 1994, 23 752-756; Hypertension, 1996, 25, 898-902).

一方、血管拡張剤としては、一般に、カリウムチャンネル開口作用剤が血管拡張作用を有することが知られているが、血圧低下作用も併せ持つため、血流循環改善のためには血圧低下を起こす量以上の投与が必要であることが報告されている(Eur. J. Pharmacol., 1994, 264, 285-293; Gen. Pharmacol., 1998, 31, 59-62)。そのため、血圧への影響の少ない血流循環改善剤の開発が切望されている。
これらの知見より、血管内皮細胞での自発的かつ十分量のNO産生を促進する化合物、及び/又はeNOS活性化作用を有する化合物は、血管内皮性NOが関与する機序と血流循環改善による機序を有することから、血管内皮機能を改善し、血流障害、動脈硬化、高脂血症、糖尿病性合併症、虚血性心疾患や各種臓器での循環不全等の血管内皮機能低下に起因する疾患等の疾患に対して優れた治療剤になると考えられる。
On the other hand, as vasodilators, potassium channel opening agents are generally known to have vasodilatory effects, but they also have a blood pressure lowering effect, so that the blood pressure lowering amount is greater than the amount that causes blood pressure reduction to improve blood circulation. Has been reported to be necessary (Eur. J. Pharmacol., 1994, 264, 285-293; Gen. Pharmacol., 1998, 31, 59-62). Therefore, development of a blood flow circulation improving agent with little influence on blood pressure is eagerly desired.
Based on these findings, compounds that promote spontaneous and sufficient NO production in vascular endothelial cells and / or compounds that have an eNOS activation effect are due to the mechanism involved in vascular endothelial NO and the improvement of blood circulation. Due to its mechanism, it improves vascular endothelial function, resulting from decreased vascular endothelial function such as impaired blood flow, arteriosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, diabetic complications, ischemic heart disease and circulatory failure in various organs It is considered to be an excellent therapeutic agent for diseases such as diseases.

また、脳循環、特に脳微小循環は、他の組織にはない脳血流の自動調節能(autoregulation)によってほぼ一定に保持されているが、その調節には、脳組織へのエネルギー供給を制御している血液脳関門が深く関与していることが知られている。血管内皮細胞は血液脳関門の主体であり、血管内皮細胞でeNOSにより産生されるNOは血管透過性亢進作用を調節するとともに、脳血流の自動調節能の保持に非常に重要な役割を演じていると考えられている(日薬理誌, 1999, 113, 203-210; J.Creb.Blood.Flow.Metab., 1984, 4, 574-585)。
eNOSは脳内においても広範に分布していることが報告されており、殊に、大脳皮質、海馬等の神経細胞に発現が認められる(Neuroscience 2003, 119, 979-990)。記憶・学習の神経細胞レベルのモデルと考えられる長期増強(LTP:Long-term potentiation)の形成にeNOSの活性化が関与していることや、NOS阻害剤の投与により動物において学習障害が惹起され、NO供与製剤によって学習障害が回避されることが報告されていることから、eNOSにより産生されるNOは記憶、学習において非常に重要な役割を果たしていると考えられている(Brain res., 2003, 964, 159-163; Prog. Neurobiol., 2001, 64, 51-68; Cell, 1996, 87, 1015-1023)。
更に、学習障害が認められる老齢動物の大脳皮質、海馬においてeNOS活性が低下していることが報告されており(Neurosci. letters, 2004, 370, 175-179)、一方、ヒトにおいてもアルツハイマー病患者の神経細胞においてeNOS発現の異常が報告されている(Neurobiol. Aging, 2000, 21, 309-319)。これらの知見より、血管内皮細胞及び/又は神経細胞での自発的かつ十分量のNO産生を促進する化合物、及び/又はeNOS活性化作用を有する化合物が、痴呆、その他の認知障害に対して優れた治療剤になると考えられる。
In addition, cerebral circulation, especially cerebral microcirculation, is maintained almost constant by autoregulation of cerebral blood flow, which is not found in other tissues, but the energy supply to the brain tissue is controlled for this regulation. It is known that the blood-brain barrier is deeply involved. Vascular endothelial cells are the main body of the blood-brain barrier, and NO produced by eNOS in vascular endothelial cells plays a very important role in regulating vascular permeability enhancement and maintaining the ability to automatically regulate cerebral blood flow. (Journal Pharmacology, 1999, 113, 203-210; J. Creb. Blood. Flow. Metab., 1984, 4, 574-585).
eNOS has been reported to be widely distributed in the brain, and is particularly expressed in neurons such as cerebral cortex and hippocampus (Neuroscience 2003, 119, 979-990). The activation of eNOS is involved in the formation of long-term potentiation (LTP), which is considered to be a neuronal level model of memory / learning, and learning disorders are induced in animals by administration of NOS inhibitors. Since NO learning preparations have been reported to avoid learning impairment, NO produced by eNOS is thought to play a very important role in memory and learning (Brain res., 2003 , 964, 159-163; Prog. Neurobiol., 2001, 64, 51-68; Cell, 1996, 87, 1015-1023).
Furthermore, it has been reported that eNOS activity is decreased in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of old animals with learning disabilities (Neurosci. Letters, 2004, 370, 175-179), while humans also have Alzheimer's disease. An abnormality in eNOS expression has been reported in neurons (Neurobiol. Aging, 2000, 21, 309-319). From these findings, a compound that promotes spontaneous and sufficient amount of NO production in vascular endothelial cells and / or nerve cells and / or a compound having an eNOS activation action is excellent for dementia and other cognitive disorders. It is thought to be a therapeutic agent.

また、血管内皮性NO産生促進又はeNOS活性化作用と、脳卒中、脳外傷、脊髄損傷等の中枢神経変性疾患による運動機能障害を含めた機能障害の回復促進作用、又は機能回復訓練(リハビリテーション医療)効果の増強及び/又は促進作用との関連が示唆されている。動物において、脳損傷後の機能障害の回復がNO供与製剤によって促進・増強されることが報告されており(Ann. Nueol., 2001, 50, 602-611)、その背景として、損傷部位周辺組織におけるeNOSの活性化による血管新生が深く関与していることが報告されている(Stroke, 2005, 36, 847-852; Circ. Res., 2003, 92, 308-313)。   In addition, it promotes vascular endothelial NO production or eNOS activation, and promotes recovery of dysfunction, including motor dysfunction due to central nervous degenerative diseases such as stroke, brain trauma, spinal cord injury, or functional recovery training (rehabilitation medicine) It has been suggested that the effect is enhanced and / or promoted. In animals, recovery of dysfunction after brain injury has been reported to be promoted / enhanced by NO-donating preparations (Ann. Nueol., 2001, 50, 602-611). It has been reported that angiogenesis by activation of eNOS is deeply involved in Stroke, 2005, 36, 847-852; Circ. Res., 2003, 92, 308-313.

これまで知られている血管内皮性NO産生促進又はeNOSに関する作用を有する化合物は、主に、eNOS量を増加させることをその機序としている。例えば、HMG-CoA還元酵素阻害剤(コレステロール合成阻害剤)が、血管内皮細胞においてeNOSのmRNA量を増加させることにより、NO産生を促進することが報告されている。また、4-フルオロ-N-インダン-2-イルベンズアミド(特許文献1)、ヘテロ環-CONH-又はアリール-CONH-で置換されたインダン誘導体(特許文献2)、ヘテロ環-CONH-又はアリール-CONH-で置換された6,7,8,9-テトラヒドロ-5H-ベンゾシクロヘプテン誘導体(特許文献3)、及びヘテロ環-CONH-等で置換された1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン(特許文献4)がeNOS発現亢進作用を有することが開示されている。また、ソイステロール、ピリドキシン類、リボフラビン類、タウリン、イノシトールヘキサニコチネート及びパンテチンも血管内皮性一酸化窒素の合成促進及び/又は内皮性酸化窒素血中濃度の維持・向上作用を有することが知られている(特許文献5)。しかしながら、eNOS発現のみを増強させると、その程度によっては、コファクターがアンカップリングなeNOSが増加する。そのアンカップリングなeNOSは、NOではなく活性酸素を産生し、かえってNOバイオアベイラビリティを低下させ、動脈硬化等の循環器疾患を悪化させる可能性があることが報告されている(J. Clin. Invest., 2002, 110, 331-340)。   Conventionally known compounds having an action related to vascular endothelial NO production promotion or eNOS mainly increase the amount of eNOS. For example, it has been reported that an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (cholesterol synthesis inhibitor) promotes NO production by increasing the amount of eNOS mRNA in vascular endothelial cells. In addition, 4-fluoro-N-indan-2-ylbenzamide (Patent Document 1), an indane derivative substituted with heterocycle-CONH- or aryl-CONH- (Patent Document 2), heterocycle-CONH- or aryl- 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-benzocycloheptene derivative substituted with CONH- (Patent Document 3), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene substituted with heterocycle-CONH-, etc. (Patent Document 4) discloses that it has an eNOS expression enhancing action. In addition, soysterol, pyridoxine, riboflavin, taurine, inositol hexanicotinate and pantethine are also known to promote the synthesis of vascular endothelial nitric oxide and / or to maintain and improve the blood concentration of endothelial nitric oxide. (Patent Document 5). However, when only eNOS expression is enhanced, eNOS whose cofactor is uncoupled increases depending on the degree. It has been reported that the uncoupled eNOS produces active oxygen instead of NO, which reduces NO bioavailability and may worsen cardiovascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis (J. Clin. Invest., 2002, 110, 331-340).

また、ニコチンアミド誘導体としては、以下の化合物が知られている。

Figure 2007186435
Figure 2007186435
Figure 2007186435
これらの化合物は、鎮痛剤・抗炎症剤(特許文献6:Lit. A;非特許文献1:Lit. B)、降圧剤(非特許文献2:Lit. C)、ストリキニーネ様作用剤(非特許文献3:Lit. D)、結核治療剤(非特許文献4:Lit. E)、抗真菌剤(特許文献7:Lit. F)、微生物の増殖剤(非特許文献5:Lit. G)、農薬・除草剤(特許文献8:Lit. H;非特許文献6:Lit. I)、ナメクジなどの駆除剤(特許文献9:Lit. J;非特許文献7:Lit. K)、α-ヘリックスとの相互作用解析(特許文献10:Lit. L;非特許文献8:Lit. M)、TLC解析(非特許文献9:Lit. N)又は一般合成(非特許文献10:Lit. O、11:Lit. P)等の文献で、或いは試薬カタログ上の公知化合物(Lit.: Cat)である。しかしながら、これらの化合物が血管内皮性NO産生促進作用及び/又はeNOS活性化作用を有することは、これらの文献には開示も示唆もない。 Moreover, the following compounds are known as nicotinamide derivatives.
Figure 2007186435
Figure 2007186435
Figure 2007186435
These compounds include analgesics / anti-inflammatory agents (Patent Document 6: Lit. A; Non-Patent Document 1: Lit. B), antihypertensive agents (Non-Patent Document 2: Lit. C), strychnine-like agents (non-patent Document 3: Lit. D), tuberculosis therapeutic agent (Non-patent document 4: Lit. E), antifungal agent (Patent document 7: Lit. F), microorganism growth agent (Non-patent document 5: Lit. G), Pesticides and herbicides (Patent Document 8: Lit. H; Non-Patent Document 6: Lit. I), pesticides such as slugs (Patent Document 9: Lit. J; Non-Patent Document 7: Lit. K), α-helix Analysis (Patent Document 10: Lit. L; Non-Patent Document 8: Lit. M), TLC analysis (Non-Patent Document 9: Lit. N) or general synthesis (Non-Patent Document 10: Lit. O, 11) : Lit. P) or other known compounds (Lit .: Cat) on the reagent catalog. However, these documents neither disclose nor suggest that these compounds have a vascular endothelial NO production promoting action and / or an eNOS activation action.

国際公開WO02/064146パンフレットInternational Publication WO02 / 064146 Pamphlet 国際公開WO02/64545パンフレットInternational Publication WO02 / 64545 Pamphlet 国際公開WO02/64546パンフレットInternational Publication WO02 / 64546 Pamphlet 国際公開WO02/64565パンフレットInternational Publication WO02 / 64565 Brochure 特開2004−115507JP 2004-115507 A 米国特許第4361572号明細書US Pat. No. 4,361,572 特開昭53−72825JP 53-72825 A 米国特許第4128651号明細書U.S. Pat. No. 4,128,651 米国特許第3462532号明細書US Pat. No. 3,462,532 国際公開WO02/89738パンフレットInternational Publication WO02 / 89737 Pamphlet Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal (1997), 31(11), 30-32Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal (1997), 31 (11), 30-32 Gazzetta Chimica Italiana (1950), 80, 456-70Gazzetta Chimica Italiana (1950), 80, 456-70 Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica (1964), 19(1), 14-29Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica (1964), 19 (1), 14-29 Journal of Organic Chemistry (1948), 13, 834-6Journal of Organic Chemistry (1948), 13, 834-6 Journal of Bacteriology (1951), 61, 463-7Journal of Bacteriology (1951), 61, 463-7 Chemical Abstract, Accession no. 1990: 586526Chemical Abstract, Accession no. 1990: 586526 Pesticide Science (1980), 11(1), 53-60Pesticide Science (1980), 11 (1), 53-60 Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2003), 42(5), 535-539Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2003), 42 (5), 535-539 Journal of Chromatography (1979), 171, 462-5Journal of Chromatography (1979), 171, 462-5 Heterocycles (1993), 35(2), 683-7Heterocycles (1993), 35 (2), 683-7 Helvetica Chimica Acta (1964), 47(1), 162-5Helvetica Chimica Acta (1964), 47 (1), 162-5

本発明の課題は、新規な血管内皮性NO産生促進剤及び/又はeNOS活性化剤を提供することである。また、ニコチンアミド誘導体を有効成分とする医薬、更に、血管内皮性NO産生促進作用及び/又はeNOS活性化作用を有する新規なニコチンアミド誘導体及びその塩を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a novel vascular endothelial NO production promoter and / or eNOS activator. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical comprising a nicotinamide derivative as an active ingredient, a novel nicotinamide derivative having a vascular endothelial NO production promoting action and / or an eNOS activating action, and a salt thereof.

本発明者等は、血管内皮性NO産生促進作用及び/又はeNOS活性化作用を有する化合物について鋭意検討した結果、少なくとも1個以上のハロゲン又はオキシ基で置換されたフェニル基を有するニコチンアミド誘導体が、優れた血管内皮性NO産生促進作用を有することを知見し、本発明を完成した。
即ち、本発明は、下記式(I)で示されるニコチンアミド誘導体又はその製薬学的に許容される塩と製薬学的に許容される担体とからなる血管内皮性NO産生促進及び/又はeNOS活性化剤、並びに、式(I)で示される化合物又はその製薬学的に許容される塩と、製薬学的に許容される担体とからなる末梢動脈閉塞症(PAOD)(間歇性跛行等)治療剤に関する。
As a result of intensive studies on a compound having a vascular endothelial NO production promoting action and / or an eNOS activating action, the present inventors have found that a nicotinamide derivative having a phenyl group substituted with at least one halogen or oxy group is obtained. The present invention was completed by finding out that it has an excellent vascular endothelial NO production promoting action.
That is, the present invention relates to the promotion of vascular endothelial NO production and / or eNOS activity comprising a nicotinamide derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Treatment of peripheral arterial occlusion (PAOD) (intermittent claudication, etc.) comprising an agent and a compound represented by formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier It relates to the agent.

Figure 2007186435
(式中の記号は以下の意味を示す。
X1:N又はC-R1
X2:N又はC-R2
X3:N又はC-R3
X4:N又はC-R4
但し、X1、X2、X3及びX4のうち、Nは1個又は2個であり、当該Nはオキシド(N(O))を形成していてもよい、
R1、R2、R3、R4及びR5:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-ハロゲン、-RA、-OH、-O-RA、-S-RA、-ハロゲノ低級アルキル、-N(R11)(R12)、-O-フェニル、-CO2H又は-CO2-R0、或いは、隣接する2個の基が一体となって、-NH-CH=N-、
RA:-OH、-O-R0、-CO2H及び-CO2-R0から選択される1個以上の基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
R0:-低級アルキル、
R11及びR12:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-R0又は-CO-R0
Y:O又はN(R6)、
R6:-H又は-R0
R7:-ハロゲン、-OH、-O-R0、-O-ハロゲノ低級アルキル、-O-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)又は-O-CH2-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)、
R8及びR9:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-RA、-N(R13)(R14)、-CN、-NO2、-CO2H、-CO2-R0、-CO-N(R13)(R14)、-CO-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)、又は、R7に記載の基、
或いは、R8が-N(R10)-(CH2)n-に対してオルト位に結合する場合、R6とR8が一体となって、単結合、メチレン又はカルボニルを形成してもよい、
R13及びR14:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-RA、-CO-RA又はシクロアルキル、或いは、R13とR14が一体となって、-(CH2)m-、-(CH2)j-O-(CH2)k-、-(CH2)j-NH-(CH2)k-又は-(CH2)j-N(R0)-(CH2)k-、
m:3、4、5、6又は7、
j:1、2、3又は4、
k:1、2、3又は4、但し、j+kは3〜6の整数、
R21:-R0、-ハロゲン、-O-R0、-O-ハロゲノ低級アルキル又は-CN、
n:0又は1、
R10:-H又は-R0。以下同様。)
Figure 2007186435
(The symbols in the formula have the following meanings.
X 1 : N or CR 1
X 2 : N or CR 2 ,
X 3 : N or CR 3 ,
X 4 : N or CR 4 ,
However, among X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 , N is 1 or 2, and the N may form an oxide (N (O)).
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 : the same or different from each other, —H, —halogen, —R A , —OH, —OR A , —SR A , —halogeno lower alkyl, —N ( R 11 ) (R 12 ), —O-phenyl, —CO 2 H or —CO 2 —R 0 , or two adjacent groups are combined to form —NH—CH═N—,
R A : lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from —OH, —OR 0 , —CO 2 H and —CO 2 —R 0 ,
R 0 : -lower alkyl,
R 11 and R 12 are the same or different from each other, -H, -R 0 or -CO-R 0 ,
Y: O or N (R 6 ),
R 6 : -H or -R 0 ,
R 7: - halogen, -OH, -OR 0, -O- halogeno-lower alkyl, -O- (R phenyl optionally substituted by 21) or -O-CH 2 - (optionally substituted with R 21 May be phenyl),
R 8 and R 9 are the same or different from each other, -H, -R A , -N (R 13 ) (R 14 ), -CN, -NO 2 , -CO 2 H, -CO 2 -R 0 ,- CO—N (R 13 ) (R 14 ), —CO— (phenyl optionally substituted with R 21 ), or a group according to R 7 ,
Alternatively, when R 8 is bonded to the ortho position with respect to —N (R 10 ) — (CH 2 ) n —, R 6 and R 8 may be combined to form a single bond, methylene or carbonyl. Good,
R 13 and R 14 are the same or different from each other, —H, —R A , —CO—R A or cycloalkyl, or R 13 and R 14 are combined to form — (CH 2 ) m —, — (CH 2 ) j -O- (CH 2 ) k -,-(CH 2 ) j -NH- (CH 2 ) k- or-(CH 2 ) j -N (R 0 )-(CH 2 ) k- ,
m: 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7,
j: 1, 2, 3 or 4,
k: 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that j + k is an integer of 3 to 6,
R 21 : -R 0 , -halogen, -OR 0 , -O-halogeno lower alkyl or -CN,
n: 0 or 1,
R 10 : —H or —R 0 . The same applies below. )

また本発明は、下記式(I’)で示される新規化合物であるニコチンアミド誘導体又はその製薬学的に許容される塩、並びに、式(I’)の化合物又はその製薬学的に許容される塩と、製薬学的に許容される担体とからなる医薬組成物にも関する。

Figure 2007186435
(式中の記号は以下の意味を示す。
X1:N又はC-R1
X2:N又はC-R2
X3:N又はC-R3
X4:N又はC-R4
但し、X1、X2、X3及びX4のうち、Nは1個又は2個であり、当該Nはオキシド(N(O))を形成していてもよい、
R1、R2、R3、R4及びR5:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-ハロゲン、-RA、-OH、-O-RA、-S-RA、-ハロゲノ低級アルキル、-N(R11)(R12)、-O-フェニル、-CO2H又は-CO2-R0、或いは、隣接する2個の基が一体となって、-NH-CH=N-、
RA:-OH、-O-R0、-CO2H及び-CO2-R0から選択される1個以上の基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
R0:-低級アルキル、
R11及びR12:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-R0又は-CO-R0
Y:O又はN(R6)、
R6:-H又は-R0
R7:-ハロゲン、-OH、-O-R0、-O-ハロゲノ低級アルキル、-O-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)又は-O-CH2-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)、
R8及びR9:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-RA、-N(R13)(R14)、-CN、-NO2、-CO2H、-CO2-R0、-CO-N(R13)(R14)、-CO-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)、又は、R7に記載の基、
或いは、R8が-N(R10)-(CH2)n-に対してオルト位に結合する場合、R6とR8が一体となって、単結合、メチレン又はカルボニルを形成してもよい、
R13及びR14:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-RA、-CO-RA又はシクロアルキル、或いは、R13とR14が一体となって、-(CH2)m-、-(CH2)j-O-(CH2)k-、-(CH2)j-NH-(CH2)k-又は-(CH2)j-N(R0)-(CH2)k-、
m:3、4、5、6又は7、
j:1、2、3又は4、
k:1、2、3又は4、但し、j+kは3〜6の整数、
R21:-R0、-ハロゲン、-O-R0、-O-ハロゲノ低級アルキル又は-CN、
n:0又は1、
R10:-H又は-R0
但し、以下の化合物を除く:
(1)X1がN、X2がCH又はC-CO2H、X3及びX4がともにCH、R5、R9及びR10がH、YがO、nが0、R7がハロゲン、OMe又はOEt、かつ、R8がH、Me又はNO2である化合物;
(2)X2がNである下記表に示す化合物;
Figure 2007186435
(3)X1、X3及びX4がともにCH、X2がN(O)、R5、R8、R9及びR10がH、YがO、nが0、かつ、R7がOMeである化合物;
(4)X3がNである下記表に示す化合物;
Figure 2007186435
(5)X1、X2及びX4がともにCH、X3がN(O)、R5、R8、R9及びR10がH、YがO、nが0、かつ、R7がOMeである化合物。以下同様。) The present invention also relates to a nicotinamide derivative which is a novel compound represented by the following formula (I ′) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a compound of the formula (I ′) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. It also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a salt and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
Figure 2007186435
(The symbols in the formula have the following meanings.
X 1 : N or CR 1
X 2 : N or CR 2 ,
X 3 : N or CR 3 ,
X 4 : N or CR 4 ,
However, among X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 , N is 1 or 2, and the N may form an oxide (N (O)).
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 : the same or different from each other, —H, —halogen, —R A , —OH, —OR A , —SR A , —halogeno lower alkyl, —N ( R 11 ) (R 12 ), —O-phenyl, —CO 2 H or —CO 2 —R 0 , or two adjacent groups are combined to form —NH—CH═N—,
R A : lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from —OH, —OR 0 , —CO 2 H and —CO 2 —R 0 ,
R 0 : -lower alkyl,
R 11 and R 12 are the same or different from each other, -H, -R 0 or -CO-R 0 ,
Y: O or N (R 6 ),
R 6 : -H or -R 0 ,
R 7: - halogen, -OH, -OR 0, -O- halogeno-lower alkyl, -O- (R phenyl optionally substituted by 21) or -O-CH 2 - (optionally substituted with R 21 May be phenyl),
R 8 and R 9 are the same or different from each other, -H, -R A , -N (R 13 ) (R 14 ), -CN, -NO 2 , -CO 2 H, -CO 2 -R 0 ,- CO—N (R 13 ) (R 14 ), —CO— (phenyl optionally substituted with R 21 ), or a group according to R 7 ,
Alternatively, when R 8 is bonded to the ortho position with respect to —N (R 10 ) — (CH 2 ) n —, R 6 and R 8 may be combined to form a single bond, methylene or carbonyl. Good,
R 13 and R 14 are the same or different from each other, —H, —R A , —CO—R A or cycloalkyl, or R 13 and R 14 are combined to form — (CH 2 ) m —, — (CH 2 ) j -O- (CH 2 ) k -,-(CH 2 ) j -NH- (CH 2 ) k- or-(CH 2 ) j -N (R 0 )-(CH 2 ) k- ,
m: 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7,
j: 1, 2, 3 or 4,
k: 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that j + k is an integer of 3 to 6,
R 21 : -R 0 , -halogen, -OR 0 , -O-halogeno lower alkyl or -CN,
n: 0 or 1,
R 10 : —H or —R 0 .
Except for the following compounds:
(1) X 1 is N, X 2 is CH or C—CO 2 H, X 3 and X 4 are both CH, R 5 , R 9 and R 10 are H, Y is O, n is 0, and R 7 is A compound wherein halogen, OMe or OEt and R 8 is H, Me or NO 2 ;
(2) Compounds shown in the following table wherein X 2 is N;
Figure 2007186435
(3) X 1 , X 3 and X 4 are both CH, X 2 is N (O), R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are H, Y is O, n is 0, and R 7 is A compound that is OMe;
(4) Compounds shown in the following table wherein X 3 is N;
Figure 2007186435
(5) X 1 , X 2 and X 4 are both CH, X 3 is N (O), R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are H, Y is O, n is 0, and R 7 is A compound that is OMe. The same applies below. )

更に本発明は、上記式(I)又は(I’)で示されるニコチンアミド誘導体又はその製薬学的に許容される塩の、血管内皮性NO産生促進及び/又はeNOS活性化剤又はPAOD治療剤製造のための使用、血管内皮性NO産生促進及び/又はeNOS活性化方法、並びに、PAOD、痴呆の治療方法又は機能障害の回復促進作用又は機能回復訓練効果の増強及び/又は促進方法にも関する。   Furthermore, the present invention relates to the promotion of vascular endothelial NO production and / or eNOS activator or PAOD therapeutic agent of the nicotinamide derivative represented by the above formula (I) or (I ′) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Also relates to use for production, vascular endothelial NO production promotion and / or eNOS activation method, and PAOD, treatment method of dementia or dysfunction recovery promotion effect or function recovery training effect enhancement and / or promotion method .

本発明医薬の有効成分であるニコチンアミド誘導体又はその塩は、優れた血管内皮性NO産生促進及び/又はeNOS活性化作用による血流循環改善作用を有する。即ち、本発明医薬は、血管内皮性NOが関与する機序と血流循環改善による機序を有し、その一方又は両方の作用により、血管内皮機能不全が病因である種々の疾患の治療に有用である。血管内皮機能不全が病因である疾患として、例えば、末梢動脈閉塞症(PAOD)が挙げられる。PAODは、その症状からI〜IV度に分類(Fontain分類、I度:しびれ・冷感、II度:間歇性跛行、III度:安静時疼痛、IV度:潰瘍・壊死)されるが、本発明医薬はこれらのいずれの症状にも有効性が期待され、殊に間歇性跛行に有効であると考えられる。また、本発明医薬は血圧や心拍に対する影響が少ないことも期待できる。
また、本発明医薬の有効成分であるニコチンアミド誘導体又はその塩は、脳卒中、脳外傷、脊髄損傷等の中枢神経変性疾患による運動機能障害を含めた機能障害の回復促進、又は機能回復訓練効果の増強及び/又は促進剤として有用である。
The nicotinamide derivative or a salt thereof, which is an active ingredient of the medicament of the present invention, has an excellent blood circulation improvement effect by promoting vascular endothelial NO production and / or activating eNOS. That is, the pharmaceutical of the present invention has a mechanism involving vascular endothelial NO and a mechanism by improving blood circulation, and by the action of one or both of them, it treats various diseases caused by vascular endothelial dysfunction. Useful. Examples of the disease caused by vascular endothelial dysfunction include peripheral artery occlusion (PAOD). PAOD is classified into grades I to IV (Fontain classification, degree I: numbness / coldness, degree II: intermittent claudication, degree III: resting pain, degree IV: ulcer / necrosis) The invention medicine is expected to be effective for any of these symptoms, and is considered to be particularly effective for intermittent claudication. In addition, the pharmaceutical of the present invention can be expected to have little influence on blood pressure and heart rate.
Further, the nicotinamide derivative or salt thereof, which is an active ingredient of the medicament of the present invention, has an effect of promoting recovery of dysfunction including motor dysfunction due to central nervous degenerative diseases such as stroke, brain trauma, spinal cord injury, or function recovery training effect. Useful as an enhancer and / or enhancer.

以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本明細書中、「アルキル」とは、直鎖状又は分枝状の炭化水素鎖を意味する。「低級アルキル」は、好ましくは炭素数1〜6個(以下、C1-6と略す)のアルキル基であり、より好ましくはメチル、エチル、2-プロピル及びヘキシルである。
「ハロゲン」は、F、Cl、Br及びIを示す。「ハロゲノ低級アルキル」とは、好ましくは、1個以上のハロゲンで置換されたC1-6アルキルを意味し、より好ましくはハロゲノC1-3アルキルであり、更に好ましくはフルオロメチル、ジフルオロメチル、トリフルオロメチル及び2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル、より更に好ましくは、トリフルオロメチル及び2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルである。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present specification, “alkyl” means a linear or branched hydrocarbon chain. “Lower alkyl” is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (hereinafter abbreviated as C 1-6 ), more preferably methyl, ethyl, 2-propyl and hexyl.
“Halogen” refers to F, Cl, Br and I. “Halogeno lower alkyl” preferably means C 1-6 alkyl substituted with one or more halogens, more preferably halogeno C 1-3 alkyl, still more preferably fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, Trifluoromethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl are more preferable, and trifluoromethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl are more preferable.

「シクロアルキル」は、好ましくはC3-10のシクロアルキルであり、架橋されていてもよい。より好ましくはシクロプロピル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘプチル及びアダマンチルである。
「置換されていてもよい」とは、「無置換」あるいは「同一又は異なる置換基を1〜5個有していること」を示す。
“Cycloalkyl” is preferably C 3-10 cycloalkyl, which may be bridged. More preferred are cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and adamantyl.
“Optionally substituted” means “unsubstituted” or “having 1 to 5 identical or different substituents”.

本発明の式(I’)の化合物は新規であり、式(I)の化合物に包含される。したがって、以下説明において、単に「化合物(I)」と略記することがある。
本発明医薬の有効成分である化合物(I)の好ましい態様を以下に示す。
(1)X1がC-R1;X2がN;X3及びX4がともにCH;R7が-ハロゲン、-O R0、-O-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)又は-O-CH2-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)であり、かつ、nが0である化合物。
(2)X1及びX4がともにCH;X2がC-R2;X3がN;R7が-ハロゲン又は-OR0であり、かつ、nが0である化合物。
(3)X1及びX3ともにCH;X2がN;X4がC-R4;R7が-ハロゲンであり、かつ、nが1である化合物。
(4)X1及びX4がともにCH;X2及びX3がともにN;R7が-ハロゲンであり、かつ、nが1である化合物。
(5)X1及びX3がともにCH;X2及びX4がともにN;R7が-ハロゲンであり、かつ、nが1である化合物。
(6)X1及びX3がともにN;X2及びX4がともにCH;R7が-ハロゲンであり、かつ、nが1である化合物。
(7)上記(1)〜(6)において、R10がHである化合物。
(8)R8が-N(R10)-(CH2)n-に対してオルト位に結合し、R6とR8が一体となって、単結合、メチレン又はカルボニルを形成している化合物。
(9)上記(8)において、nが0である化合物。
(10)上記(1)〜(7)において、YがOである化合物。
特に好ましくは以下の化合物である:
N-(3-フェノキシフェニル)ニコチンアミド、N-(4-シアノ-2-メトキシフェニル)ニコチンアミド、N-(2-エトキシ-4-ニトロフェニル)ニコチンアミド、2-メトキシ-N-(2-メトキシ-4-ニトロフェニル)ニコチンアミド、N-(3-ブロモ-4-フルオロフェニル)ニコチンアミド、4-メトキシ-2-ピリジン-3-イル-1H-ベンズイミダゾール、N-(2-エトキシ-4-ニトロフェニル)イソニコチンアミド、2-クロロ-N-(2-メトキシ-4-ニトロフェニル)イソニコチンアミド、N-(2-エトキシベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(3-プロピルベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(3-フルオロ-2-メチルベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(2,3-ジフルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(2-クロロ-6-メトキシベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(2,5-ジフルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(2-クロロ-4-フルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(2,4-ジメトキシベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-[2-(ベンジルオキシ)-4-フルオロベンジル]ニコチンアミド、N-(3,5-ジフルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(3-クロロ-5-フルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(3-クロロ-2,4-ジフルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(4-クロロ-2,5-ジフルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(3-クロロ-4,5-ジフルオロベンジル)ニコチンアミド、N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)-4-メトキシニコチンアミド、N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)-5-ヒドロキシニコチンアミド、N-(2,3-ジフルオロベンジル)-5-ヒドロキシニコチンアミド、N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)-5-エトキシニコチンアミド、N-(2,3-ジフルオロベンジル)-5-エトキシニコチンアミド、N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)-5-メチルニコチンアミド、N-(2,3-ジフルオロベンジル)-5-メチルニコチンアミド、N-(2,3-ジフルオロベンジル)-5-エトキシニコチンアミド 1-オキシド、N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)-5-イソプロポキシニコチンアミド 1-オキシド、N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)-5-メチルニコチンアミド 1-オキシド、N-(2,3-ジフルオロベンジル)ピリダジン-4-カルボキサミド、N-(3-クロロ-4-フルオロベンジル)ピリダジン-4-カルボキサミド、N-(2,5-ジクロロベンジル)ピリダジン-4-カルボキサミド、N-(2,5-ジクロロベンジル)ピリミジン-5-カルボキサミド、N-(3-クロロ-4-フルオロベンジル)ピリミジン-5-カルボキサミド及びN-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)ピリミジン-4-カルボキサミド。
The compounds of formula (I ′) of the present invention are novel and are encompassed by compounds of formula (I). Therefore, in the following description, it may be simply abbreviated as “compound (I)”.
Preferred embodiments of compound (I) which is an active ingredient of the medicament of the present invention are shown below.
(1) X 1 is CR 1 ; X 2 is N; X 3 and X 4 are both CH; R 7 is -halogen, -OR 0 , -O- (phenyl optionally substituted with R 21 ) or- A compound wherein O—CH 2 — (phenyl optionally substituted with R 21 ) and n is 0.
(2) A compound in which X 1 and X 4 are both CH; X 2 is CR 2 ; X 3 is N; R 7 is -halogen or -OR 0 and n is 0.
(3) A compound in which X 1 and X 3 are both CH; X 2 is N; X 4 is CR 4 ; R 7 is -halogen and n is 1.
(4) A compound in which X 1 and X 4 are both CH; X 2 and X 3 are both N; R 7 is -halogen and n is 1.
(5) A compound in which X 1 and X 3 are both CH; X 2 and X 4 are both N; R 7 is -halogen and n is 1.
(6) A compound in which X 1 and X 3 are both N; X 2 and X 4 are both CH; R 7 is -halogen and n is 1.
(7) The compound in which R 10 is H in the above (1) to (6).
(8) R 8 is bonded to the ortho position with respect to —N (R 10 ) — (CH 2 ) n —, and R 6 and R 8 are combined to form a single bond, methylene or carbonyl. Compound.
(9) The compound wherein n is 0 in (8) above.
(10) The compound in which Y is O in the above (1) to (7).
Particularly preferred are the following compounds:
N- (3-phenoxyphenyl) nicotinamide, N- (4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl) nicotinamide, N- (2-ethoxy-4-nitrophenyl) nicotinamide, 2-methoxy-N- (2- Methoxy-4-nitrophenyl) nicotinamide, N- (3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl) nicotinamide, 4-methoxy-2-pyridin-3-yl-1H-benzimidazole, N- (2-ethoxy-4 -Nitrophenyl) isonicotinamide, 2-chloro-N- (2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl) isonicotinamide, N- (2-ethoxybenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (3-propylbenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (3-fluoro-2-methylbenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (2,3-difluorobenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (2-chloro-6-methoxybenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (2,5- Difluorobenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (2-chloro -4-fluorobenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (2,4-dimethoxybenzyl) nicotinamide, N- [2- (benzyloxy) -4-fluorobenzyl] nicotinamide, N- (3,5-difluorobenzyl) Nicotinamide, N- (3-chloro-5-fluorobenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (3-chloro-2,4-difluorobenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (4-chloro-2,5-difluorobenzyl) nicotine Amides, N- (3-chloro-4,5-difluorobenzyl) nicotinamide, N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) -4-methoxynicotinamide, N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) -5-hydroxynicotinamide, N- (2,3-difluorobenzyl) -5-hydroxynicotinamide, N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) -5-ethoxynicotinamide, N- (2,3- Difluorobenzyl) -5-ethoxynicotinamide, N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) -5-methylnicotinamide N- (2,3-difluorobenzyl) -5-methylnicotinamide, N- (2,3-difluorobenzyl) -5-ethoxynicotinamide 1-oxide, N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) ) -5-isopropoxynicotinamide 1-oxide, N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) -5-methylnicotinamide 1-oxide, N- (2,3-difluorobenzyl) pyridazine-4-carboxamide, N- (3-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl) pyridazine-4-carboxamide, N- (2,5-dichlorobenzyl) pyridazine-4-carboxamide, N- (2,5-dichlorobenzyl) pyrimidine-5-carboxamide, N- (3-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl) pyrimidine-5-carboxamide and N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) pyrimidine-4-carboxamide.

本発明医薬の有効成分である化合物(I)は置換基の種類によっては幾何異性体や互変異性体が存在する場合があるが、本発明にはこれらの異性体の分離したもの、あるいは混合物が包含される。
また、化合物(I)は不斉炭素原子を有する場合があり、これに基づく(R)-体、(S)-体等の光学異性体が存在しうる。本発明はこれらの光学異性体の混合物や単離されたものを全て包含する。
更に、化合物(I)には、薬理学的に許容されるプロドラッグも含まれる。薬理学的に許容されるプロドラッグとは、加溶媒分解により又は生理学的条件下で本発明のNH2、OH、CO2H等に変換できる基を有する化合物である。プロドラッグを形成する基としては、Prog. Med., 5, 2157-2161 (1985)や「医薬品の開発」(廣川書店、1990年)第7巻 分子設計163-198に記載の基が挙げられる。
Compound (I), which is an active ingredient of the medicament of the present invention, may have geometrical isomers and tautomers depending on the kind of substituents. In the present invention, these isomers are separated or mixed. Is included.
In addition, compound (I) may have an asymmetric carbon atom, and optical isomers such as (R) -form and (S) -form based on this may exist. The present invention includes all of these optical isomers and isolated ones.
Furthermore, the compound (I) includes a pharmacologically acceptable prodrug. A pharmacologically acceptable prodrug is a compound having a group that can be converted to NH 2 , OH, CO 2 H or the like of the present invention by solvolysis or under physiological conditions. Examples of groups that form prodrugs include groups described in Prog. Med., 5, 2157-2161 (1985) and “Development of Pharmaceuticals” (Yodogawa Shoten, 1990), Volume 7, Molecular Design 163-198. .

化合物(I)は、酸付加塩又は置換基の種類によっては塩基との塩を形成する場合もある。かかる塩としては、製薬学的に許容される塩であり、具体的には、塩酸、臭化水素酸、ヨウ化水素酸、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸等の無機酸、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、シュウ酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、フマル酸、マイレン酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸等の有機酸との酸付加塩、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、アルミニウム等の無機塩基、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、エタノールアミン、リジン、オルニチン等の有機塩基との塩やアンモニウム塩等が挙げられる。
さらに、本発明は、化合物(I)及びその塩の各種の水和物や溶媒和物及び結晶多形の物質をも包含する。
Compound (I) may form a salt with a base depending on the type of acid addition salt or substituent. Such salts are pharmaceutically acceptable salts, specifically, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid. , Oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, acid addition salts with organic acids such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, sodium, Examples thereof include inorganic bases such as potassium, magnesium, calcium and aluminum, salts with organic bases such as methylamine, ethylamine, ethanolamine, lysine and ornithine, and ammonium salts.
Furthermore, the present invention also includes various hydrates and solvates of the compound (I) and salts thereof and crystalline polymorphic substances.

(製造法)
本発明の有効成分である化合物(I)及びその製薬学的に許容される塩は、その基本骨格あるいは置換基の種類に基づく特徴を利用し、種々の公知の合成法を適用して製造することができる。その際、官能基の種類によっては、当該官能基を原料乃至中間体の段階で適当な保護基で保護、又は当該官能基に容易に転化可能な基に置き換えておくことが製造技術上効果的な場合がある。このような官能基としては例えばアミノ基、水酸基、カルボキシル基等であり、それらの保護基としては例えばグリーン(T. W. Greene)及びウッツ(P. G. M. Wuts)著、「Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis(第3版、1999年)」に記載の保護基を挙げることができ、これらを反応条件に応じて適宜選択して用いればよい。このような方法では、当該保護基を導入して反応を行った後、必要に応じて保護基を除去、あるいは所望の基に転化することにより、所望の化合物を得ることができる。
また、化合物(I)のプロドラッグは上記保護基と同様、原料乃至中間体の段階で特定の基を導入、あるいは得られた化合物(I)を用い反応を行うことで製造できる。反応は通常のエステル化、アミド化、脱水等、当業者により公知の方法を適用することにより行うことができる。
以下、化合物(I)の代表的な製造法を説明する。なお、本発明の製造法は以下の例に限られるわけではない。
(Production method)
The compound (I), which is an active ingredient of the present invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are produced by applying various known synthetic methods utilizing characteristics based on the basic skeleton or the type of substituent. be able to. In this case, depending on the type of functional group, it is effective in terms of production technology to protect the functional group with an appropriate protective group at the raw material or intermediate stage, or to replace it with a group that can be easily converted to the functional group. There is a case. Examples of such a functional group include an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, and the like, and examples of protective groups thereof include those described in “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (3rd edition, by TW Greene) and Utz (PGM Wuts)”. 1999) ”, which may be appropriately selected depending on the reaction conditions. In such a method, after carrying out the reaction by introducing the protecting group, the desired compound can be obtained by removing the protecting group as necessary or converting it to a desired group.
Further, the prodrug of compound (I) can be produced by introducing a specific group at the stage of a raw material or an intermediate, or reacting with the obtained compound (I) in the same manner as the above protecting group. The reaction can be carried out by applying a method known by those skilled in the art, such as ordinary esterification, amidation, dehydration and the like.
Hereinafter, typical production methods of compound (I) will be described. In addition, the manufacturing method of this invention is not necessarily restricted to the following examples.

第1製法(アミド化)

Figure 2007186435
First production method (amidation)
Figure 2007186435

YがOである化合物(Ia)は、対応するカルボン酸化合物(II)と式(III)で示されるフェネチルアミンとを公知の方法(例えばM. Bodanszky、Peptide Chemistry、p55-73 (1988);泉屋信夫ら、ペプチド合成の基礎と実験、p89-142 (1985)などが参照される)によりアミド化することにより製造できる。
好ましくは、カルボン酸化合物(II)を反応性誘導体(例えば酸クロリド、酸ブロミド等の酸ハライド;酸アジド;メタノール、エタノール、ベンジルアルコール、置換していてもよいフェノール、N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(HONSu)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(HOBt)等を用いて調整できる活性エステル;対称酸無水物;アルキル炭酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸等との混合酸無水物等)に変換した後、化合物(III)と反応させることにより行うことができる。カルボン酸の反応性誘導体を用いる場合、塩基(水酸化ナトリウム等の無機塩基、又はトリエチルアミン(TEA)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、ピリジン等の有機塩基)を添加することが好ましい。或いは、カルボン酸を用い、縮合剤(例えば、ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド(DCC)、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド(WSC)、1,1’-カルボニルビス-1H-イミダゾール(CDI)等)の存在下に反応させることによって行うこともできる。その際HOBtやHONSu等の添加剤を加えてもよい。
反応温度は、原料化合物に応じて適宜選択できる。溶媒は不活性溶媒、例えばベンゼン、トルエン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶媒、1,4-ジオキサン、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)などのエーテル系の溶媒、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)等が挙げられ、原料化合物の種類等に従い適宜選択され、単独、或いは2種以上混合して用いられる。
Compound (Ia) in which Y is O is obtained by converting the corresponding carboxylic acid compound (II) and phenethylamine represented by the formula (III) by a known method (for example, M. Bodanszky, Peptide Chemistry, p55-73 (1988); (See Nobuo et al., Peptide Synthesis Fundamentals and Experiments, p89-142 (1985)).
Preferably, the carboxylic acid compound (II) is a reactive derivative (for example, acid halide such as acid chloride or acid bromide; acid azide; methanol, ethanol, benzyl alcohol, optionally substituted phenol, N-hydroxysuccinimide (HONSu)) , 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) and the like, which can be prepared using an active ester; a symmetric acid anhydride; a mixed acid anhydride with an alkyl carbonate, p-toluenesulfonic acid, etc.] It can be performed by reacting. When a reactive derivative of carboxylic acid is used, it is preferable to add a base (an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide or an organic base such as triethylamine (TEA), diisopropylethylamine, or pyridine). Alternatively, using a carboxylic acid, a condensing agent (for example, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (WSC), 1,1′-carbonylbis-1H-imidazole (CDI) Etc.). At that time, additives such as HOBt and HONSu may be added.
The reaction temperature can be appropriately selected depending on the raw material compound. Examples of the solvent include inert solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and toluene, ether solvents such as 1,4-dioxane and tetrahydrofuran (THF), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and the like. It is appropriately selected according to the type of raw material compound and the like, and is used alone or in combination of two or more.

第2製法(酸化)
X1、X2、X3又はX4がNである本発明化合物を原料として、酸化反応に付すことによりN-オキシド化合物(N(O))を製造することができる。
反応は、原料である本発明化合物を適当な酸化剤(例えば、過酸化水素、m-クロロ過安息香酸、過酢酸等の過酸あるいは過酸化物)を反応対応量あるいは過剰量用い、必要により、炭酸水素ナトリウム等の無機塩基を加え、冷却下〜加熱下に実施することができる。溶媒は、例えばクロロホルム、塩化メチレン等のハロゲン系溶媒、アセトン、アセトニトリル、酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸等が挙げられ、原料化合物および酸化剤の種類等に従い適宜選択される。
Second manufacturing method (oxidation)
An N-oxide compound (N (O)) can be produced by subjecting the compound of the present invention in which X 1 , X 2 , X 3 or X 4 is N to an oxidation reaction.
For the reaction, the compound of the present invention as a raw material is used with an appropriate oxidizing agent (for example, a peracid or peroxide such as hydrogen peroxide, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, peracetic acid, etc.) in a reaction-corresponding amount or in excess, as necessary. The reaction can be carried out under cooling to heating by adding an inorganic base such as sodium bicarbonate. Examples of the solvent include halogen solvents such as chloroform and methylene chloride, acetone, acetonitrile, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, and the like, and are appropriately selected according to the type of raw material compound and oxidizing agent.

第3製法
式(I)における基R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R7、R8又はR9上の種々の置換基は、本発明化合物(I)を原料として、当業者にとって自明である反応、又はこれらの変法を用いることにより、他の官能基へと容易に変換することができる。例えば以下の反応が適用できる。
(1)加水分解
カルボン酸エステル体を加水分解することによって、カルボキシル基を有する本発明化合物を製造できる。反応は加水分解の常法を用いることができ、例えば、前述の「Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis(第3版)」のカルボキシル基の脱保護反応等に記載の方法を適用することができる。
(2)アミド化
カルボキシル基を有する本発明化合物を原料とし、種々のアミド化合物が製造できる。反応は前記第1製法(アミド化)の方法が適用できる。
(3)アルキル化
OH基やNH基を有する本発明化合物を原料とし、O-アルキル化やN-アルキル化の常法に付すことにより、種々の化合物が製造できる。
Third Production Method Various substituents on the groups R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 7 , R 8 or R 9 in the formula (I) are prepared from the compound (I) of the present invention as a raw material. Reactions that are obvious to those skilled in the art, or variations thereof, can be readily converted to other functional groups. For example, the following reaction can be applied.
(1) Hydrolysis The present compound having a carboxyl group can be produced by hydrolyzing a carboxylic acid ester. For the reaction, a conventional method of hydrolysis can be used. For example, the method described in the above-mentioned deprotection reaction of the carboxyl group in “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (3rd edition)” can be applied.
(2) Amidation Various compounds of the amide can be produced using the compound of the present invention having a carboxyl group as a raw material. For the reaction, the method of the first production method (amidation) can be applied.
(3) Alkylation
Various compounds can be produced by using the compounds of the present invention having an OH group or NH group as raw materials and subjecting them to conventional methods of O-alkylation and N-alkylation.

上記各製法により得られた反応生成物は、遊離化合物、その塩あるいは水和物など各種の溶媒和物として単離され、精製される。塩は通常の造塩処理に付すことにより製造できる。
単離、精製は、抽出、濃縮、留去、結晶化、濾過、再結晶、各種クロマトグラフィー等通常の化学操作を適用して行われる。
各種異性体は異性体間の物理化学的な性質の差を利用して常法により単離できる。例えば、光学異性体は一般的な光学分割法、例えば分別結晶化又はクロマトグラフィー等により分離できる。また、光学異性体は、適当な光学活性な原料化合物より製造することもできる。
The reaction product obtained by each of the above production methods is isolated and purified as various solvates such as a free compound, its salt or hydrate. The salt can be produced by subjecting it to normal salt formation treatment.
Isolation and purification are performed by applying ordinary chemical operations such as extraction, concentration, distillation, crystallization, filtration, recrystallization, and various chromatography.
Various isomers can be isolated by conventional methods utilizing the difference in physicochemical properties between isomers. For example, optical isomers can be separated by a general optical resolution method such as fractional crystallization or chromatography. Optical isomers can also be produced from appropriate optically active raw material compounds.

化合物(I)又はその塩の1種又は2種以上を有効成分として含有する製剤は通常製剤化に用いられる担体や賦形剤、その他の添加剤を用いて調製される。
投与は錠剤、丸剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、散剤、液剤等による経口投与、あるいは関節内、静脈内、筋肉内等の注射剤、坐剤、点眼剤、眼軟膏、経皮用液剤、軟膏剤、経皮用貼付剤、経粘膜液剤、経粘膜貼付剤、経鼻剤あるいは吸入剤等による非経口投与のいずれの形態であってもよい。
投与量は症状、投与対象の年齢、性別等を考慮して個々の場合に応じて適宜決定されるが、通常、経口投与の場合、成人1日当たり0.001 mg/kg〜1000 mg/kg程度、好ましくは0.1〜300 mg/kg、更に好ましくは0.1〜100 mg/kgが適当であり、これを1回で、あるいは2〜4回に分けて投与する。また、症状によって静脈投与される場合は、通常、成人1日当たり0.0001 mg/kg〜500 mg/kgが適当であり1日に1回乃至複数回に分けて投与する。また、経鼻剤あるいは吸入剤等の経粘膜剤の場合は、通常、成人1日当たり0.001 mg/kg乃至500 mg/kgの範囲で1日に1回乃至複数回に分けて投与される。
本発明による経口投与のための固体組成物としては、錠剤、散剤、顆粒剤等が用いられる。このような固体組成物においては、一種又はそれ以上の有効成分を、少なくとも一種の不活性な賦形剤、例えば乳糖、マンニトール、ブドウ糖、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、微結晶セルロース、デンプン、ポリビニルピロリドン、及び/又はメタケイ酸アルミン酸マグネシウム等と混合される。組成物は、常法に従って、不活性な添加剤、例えばステアリン酸マグネシウム等の滑沢剤やカルボキシメチルスターチナトリウム等の崩壊剤、溶解補助剤を含有していてもよい。錠剤又は丸剤は必要により糖衣又は胃溶性若しくは腸溶性コーティング剤で被膜してもよい。
A preparation containing one or more of compound (I) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient is usually prepared using carriers, excipients, and other additives used for formulation.
Administration is orally by tablets, pills, capsules, granules, powders, solutions, etc., or injections such as intra-articular, intravenous, intramuscular, suppositories, eye drops, ophthalmic ointments, transdermal solutions, ointments Any form of parenteral administration such as an agent, a transdermal patch, a transmucosal solution, a transmucosal patch, a nasal agent or an inhalant may be used.
The dose is appropriately determined according to the individual case in consideration of symptoms, age of the subject, sex, etc. In general, in the case of oral administration, about 0.001 mg / kg to 1000 mg / kg per day for adults, preferably Is suitably 0.1 to 300 mg / kg, more preferably 0.1 to 100 mg / kg, which is administered once or divided into 2 to 4 times. In addition, when intravenously administered depending on symptoms, 0.0001 mg / kg to 500 mg / kg per day for an adult is usually appropriate, and is administered once to several times a day. In the case of a transmucosal agent such as a nasal agent or an inhaler, it is usually administered once or multiple times a day in the range of 0.001 mg / kg to 500 mg / kg for an adult.
As the solid composition for oral administration according to the present invention, tablets, powders, granules and the like are used. In such solid compositions, one or more active ingredients are combined with at least one inert excipient such as lactose, mannitol, glucose, hydroxypropylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and / or Alternatively, it is mixed with magnesium aluminate metasilicate. The composition may contain an inert additive, for example, a lubricant such as magnesium stearate, a disintegrant such as sodium carboxymethyl starch, and a solubilizing agent according to a conventional method. If necessary, tablets or pills may be coated with a sugar coating or a gastric or enteric coating agent.

経口投与のための液体組成物は、薬剤的に許容される乳濁剤、溶液剤、懸濁剤、シロップ剤、エリキシル剤等を含み、一般的に用いられる不活性な溶剤、例えば精製水、エタノールを含む。この組成物は不活性な溶剤以外に可溶化剤、湿潤剤、懸濁化剤のような補助剤、甘味剤、矯味剤、芳香剤、防腐剤を含有していてもよい。
非経口投与のための注射剤としては、無菌の水性又は非水性の液剤、懸濁剤、乳剤を含む。水性の溶剤としては、例えば注射用蒸留水及び生理食塩水が含まれる。非水性の溶剤としては、例えばプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、オリーブ油のような植物油、エタノールのようなアルコール類、ポリソルベート80(局方名)等がある。このような組成物は、さらに等張化剤、防腐剤、湿潤剤、乳化剤、分散剤、安定化剤、溶解補助剤を含んでもよい。これらは例えばバクテリア保留フィルターを通す濾過、殺菌剤の配合又は照射によって無菌化される。また、これらは無菌の固体組成物を製造し、使用前に無菌水又は無菌の注射用溶媒に溶解、懸濁して使用することもできる。
吸入剤や経鼻剤等の経粘膜剤は固体、液体、半固体状のものが用いられ、従来公知の方法に従って製造することができる。例えば、ラクトースや澱粉のような賦形剤や、更に、pH調整剤、防腐剤、界面活性剤、滑沢剤、安定剤や増粘剤等が適宜添加されていてもよい。投与は、適当な吸入又は吹送のためのデバイスを使用することができる。例えば、計量投与吸入デバイス等の公知のデバイスや噴霧器を使用して、化合物を単独で又は処方された混合物の粉末として、もしくは医薬的に許容し得る担体と組み合わせて溶液又は懸濁液として投与することができる。乾燥粉末吸入器等は、単回又は多数回の投与用のものであってもよく、乾燥粉末又は粉末含有カプセルを利用することができる。あるいは、適当な駆出剤、例えば、クロロフルオロアルカン、ヒドロフルオロアルカン又は二酸化炭素等の好適な気体を使用した加圧エアゾールスプレー等の形態であってもよい。
外用剤としては、軟膏剤、硬膏剤、クリーム剤、ゼリー剤、パップ剤、噴霧剤、ローション剤、点眼剤、眼軟膏等を包含する。一般に用いられる軟膏基剤、ローション基剤、水性又は非水性の液剤、懸濁剤、乳剤等を含有する。例えば、軟膏又はローション基剤としては、ポリエチレングリコール、カルボキシビニルポリマー、白色ワセリン、サラシミツロウ、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、モノステアリン酸グリセリン、ステアリルアルコール、セチルアルコール、ラウロマクロゴール、セスキオレイン酸ソルビタン等が挙げられる。
Liquid compositions for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, elixirs, etc., and commonly used inert solvents such as purified water, Contains ethanol. In addition to the inert solvent, the composition may contain adjuvants such as solubilizers, wetting agents, and suspending agents, sweeteners, corrigents, fragrances, and preservatives.
Injections for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, and emulsions. Examples of the aqueous solvent include distilled water for injection and physiological saline. Non-aqueous solvents include, for example, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, alcohols such as ethanol, polysorbate 80 (Pharmacopeia name), and the like. Such a composition may further contain isotonic agents, preservatives, wetting agents, emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, and solubilizing agents. These are sterilized by, for example, filtration through a bacteria-retaining filter, blending with a bactericide or irradiation. These can also be used by producing a sterile solid composition and dissolving and suspending it in sterile water or a sterile solvent for injection before use.
Transmucosal agents such as inhalants and nasal agents are used in the form of solids, liquids, and semisolids, and can be produced according to conventionally known methods. For example, excipients such as lactose and starch, and pH adjusters, preservatives, surfactants, lubricants, stabilizers, thickeners and the like may be added as appropriate. For administration, an appropriate device for inhalation or insufflation can be used. For example, using a known device such as a metered dose inhalation device or a nebulizer, the compound is administered alone or as a powder in a formulated mixture or as a solution or suspension in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. be able to. The dry powder inhaler or the like may be for single or multiple administration, and a dry powder or a powder-containing capsule can be used. Alternatively, it may be in the form of a pressurized aerosol spray using a suitable propellant, for example, a suitable gas such as chlorofluoroalkane, hydrofluoroalkane or carbon dioxide.
External preparations include ointments, plasters, creams, jellies, poultices, sprays, lotions, eye drops, eye ointments and the like. Contains commonly used ointment bases, lotion bases, aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, and the like. For example, as an ointment or lotion base, polyethylene glycol, carboxyvinyl polymer, white petrolatum, honey beeswax, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, glyceryl monostearate, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, lauromacrogol, sorbitan sesquioleate, etc. Is mentioned.

以下、実施例に基づき本発明化合物(I)の製法を更に詳細に説明する。また原料化合物の製法を参考例に示す。
また、実施例、参考例及び後記表中以下の略号を用いる。Ex:実施例番号、REx:参考例番号、Str:構造式、Dat:物理化学的データ(FAB:FAB-MS(M+H)+、FAB-N:FAB-MS(M-H)-、ESI:ESI-MS(M+H)+、ESI-N:ESI-MS(M-H)-、EI:EI-MS(M+)、NMR:DMSO-d6中の1H NMRにおける特徴的なピークのδ(ppm)、Sal:塩(HCl:塩酸塩、2HCl:2塩酸塩、−又は無記載:フリー体)、Me:メチル、Et:エチル、Pr:1-プロピル、iPr:2-プロピル、Pen:1-ペンチル、cHex:シクロヘキシル、Ac:アセチル、Ph:フェニル、Bn:ベンジル。置換基の前の数字は置換位置を示し、例えば2-OMeは2-メトキシを示す。
Hereinafter, based on an Example, the manufacturing method of this invention compound (I) is demonstrated in detail. Moreover, the manufacturing method of a raw material compound is shown in a reference example.
In addition, the following abbreviations are used in Examples, Reference Examples and Tables below. Ex: Example number, REx: Reference example number, Str: Structural formula, Dat: Physicochemical data (FAB: FAB-MS (M + H) + , FAB-N: FAB-MS (MH) , ESI: ESI-MS (M + H) + , ESI-N: ESI-MS (MH) , EI: EI-MS (M + ), NMR: δ of a characteristic peak in 1 H NMR in DMSO-d 6 (ppm), Sal: salt (HCl: hydrochloride, 2HCl: dihydrochloride,-or not described: free form), Me: methyl, Et: ethyl, Pr: 1-propyl, iPr: 2-propyl, Pen: 1-pentyl, cHex: cyclohexyl, Ac: acetyl, Ph: phenyl, Bn: benzyl, the number before the substituent indicates the substitution position, for example, 2-OMe indicates 2-methoxy.

参考例1
3-メトキシ-4-ニトロ安息香酸15.0 gのDMF 300 ml溶液に、室温下HOBt 12.3 g及びWSC塩酸塩29.2 gを順次加えた。10分後、炭酸アンモニウム15.0 gを加え、さらに3時間撹拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え析出した結晶をろ取し、3-メトキシ-4-ニトロベンズアミド10.2 gを淡黄色固体として得た。ESI: 167。
参考例2
3-メトキシ-4-ニトロベンズアミド3.0 gのエタノール60 ml及び水6 mlの混液に、10%パラジウム-カーボン粉末0.3 gを加え、水素雰囲気下、室温で5 時間攪拌した。セライトを用いてろ過後、溶媒を減圧留去し、4-アミノ-3-メトキシベンズアミド2.45 gを白色固体として得た。ESI: 197。
Reference example 1
12.3 g of HOBt and 29.2 g of WSC hydrochloride were sequentially added to a solution of 15.0 g of 3-methoxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid in 300 ml of DMF at room temperature. After 10 minutes, 15.0 g of ammonium carbonate was added, and the mixture was further stirred for 3 hours. A saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction solution, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 10.2 g of 3-methoxy-4-nitrobenzamide as a pale yellow solid. ESI: 167.
Reference example 2
To a mixture of 3-methoxy-4-nitrobenzamide 3.0 g ethanol 60 ml and water 6 ml, 10% palladium-carbon powder 0.3 g was added and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere. After filtration using celite, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 2.45 g of 4-amino-3-methoxybenzamide as a white solid. ESI: 197.

参考例3
5-クロロ-2-ニトロベンジルアルコール1.13 gのアセトン12 ml溶液に、炭酸カリウム1.66 g及び硫酸ジメチル0.63 mlを順次加え、室温で一晩攪拌した。反応液に水を加え酢酸エチルで抽出後、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去した。残留物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶出液:酢酸エチル:n-ヘキサン)で精製し、4-クロロ-2-(メトキシメチル)-1-ニトロベンゼン357 mgを得た。得られた化合物のメタノール15 ml及び水1.5 mlの混液に、鉄2 g及び塩化アンモニウム1.9 gを加え、1時間加熱還流した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、セライトを用いてろ過した。ろ液に水を加え酢酸エチルで抽出後、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、4-クロロ-2-(メトキシメチル)アニリン296 mgを得た。EI: 171, 173。
参考例4
2-ヒドロキシ-4-ニトロ安息香酸5.12 gのDMF 50 ml溶液に、炭酸カリウム11.6 g及びヨウ化エチル6.71 mlを順次加え、50℃で一晩攪拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、水を加えトルエンで抽出した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、エチル 2-エトキシ-4-ニトロベンゾエート6.81 gを黄色固体として得た。得られた化合物のメタノール60 ml溶液に、1M水酸化ナトリウム水溶液30 mlを加え、70℃で一晩攪拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却後、1M塩酸を加え中和し酢酸エチルで抽出した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、2-エトキシ-4-ニトロ安息香酸2.18 gを白色固体として得た。得られた化合物1.44 g、トルエン20 ml及びtert-ブタノール20 ml混合物に、ジフェニルホスホリルアジド1.62 ml及びN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン1.43 mlを加え、80℃で一晩攪拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却後、溶媒をある程度まで減圧留去し、水を加え酢酸エチルで抽出した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、tert-ブチル (2-エトキシ-4-ニトロフェニル)カルバメートを含む化合物2.3 gを得た。得られた化合物2.3 gの酢酸エチル40 ml溶液に、4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液10 mlを加え、室温で一晩攪拌した。溶媒をある程度まで減圧留去後、析出した結晶をろ取し、2-エトキシ-4-ニトロアニリン塩酸塩128 mgを白色固体として得た。FAB: 183。
Reference example 3
To a solution of 5-chloro-2-nitrobenzyl alcohol 1.13 g in acetone 12 ml, potassium carbonate 1.66 g and dimethyl sulfate 0.63 ml were sequentially added and stirred overnight at room temperature. Water was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate: n-hexane) to obtain 357 mg of 4-chloro-2- (methoxymethyl) -1-nitrobenzene. 2 g of iron and 1.9 g of ammonium chloride were added to a mixture of the resulting compound in 15 ml of methanol and 1.5 ml of water, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered using celite. Water was added to the filtrate and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 296 mg of 4-chloro-2- (methoxymethyl) aniline. EI: 171, 173.
Reference example 4
To a solution of 5.12 g of 2-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid in 50 ml of DMF, 11.6 g of potassium carbonate and 6.71 ml of ethyl iodide were sequentially added, followed by stirring at 50 ° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was extracted with toluene. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 6.81 g of ethyl 2-ethoxy-4-nitrobenzoate as a yellow solid. To a solution of the obtained compound in methanol (60 ml) was added 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (30 ml), and the mixture was stirred at 70 ° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, neutralized with 1M hydrochloric acid, and extracted with ethyl acetate. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 2.18 g of 2-ethoxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid as a white solid. To a mixture of 1.44 g of the obtained compound, 20 ml of toluene and 20 ml of tert-butanol, 1.62 ml of diphenylphosphoryl azide and 1.43 ml of N, N-diisopropylethylamine were added and stirred at 80 ° C. overnight. After cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to some extent, water was added and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 2.3 g of a compound containing tert-butyl (2-ethoxy-4-nitrophenyl) carbamate. To a solution of 2.3 g of the obtained compound in 40 ml of ethyl acetate, 10 ml of 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution was added and stirred overnight at room temperature. After the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to some extent, the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 128 mg of 2-ethoxy-4-nitroaniline hydrochloride as a white solid. FAB: 183.

参考例5
2-(ベンジルオキシ)ベンゾニトリル8.36 gのTHF 80 ml溶液に、ボラン-ジメチルスルフィド錯体22.8 mlを加え70℃で6時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却後、反応液にメタノールを加え、溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた淡黄色油状物を4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液を用いて塩酸塩とした後、酢酸エチルより析出した結晶をろ取し、1-[2-(ベンジルオキシ)フェニル]メタンアミン塩酸塩8.12 gを白色固体として得た。FAB: 214。
参考例6
4-フルオロサリチル酸1.17 gのDMF 72 ml溶液に、氷冷撹拌下60%油性水素化ナトリウム696 mgを徐々に加えた。10分後、臭化ベンジル2.06 mlを加え、室温にて一晩攪拌した。反応液に飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液を加え酢酸エチルで抽出後、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、ベンジル 2-(ベンジルオキシ)-4-フルオロベンゾエートを含む淡褐色油状の化合物を得た。本化合物はこれ以上の精製操作を行うことなく、次反応に用いた。ベンジル 2-(ベンジルオキシ)-4-フルオロベンゾエートを含む淡褐色油状の化合物を原料として用い、参考例4に記載の加水分解反応を行い、2-(ベンジルオキシ)-4-フルオロ安息香酸1.23 gを淡褐色固体として得た。FAB: 247。
Reference Example 5
To a solution of 8.36 g of 2- (benzyloxy) benzonitrile in 80 ml of THF, 22.8 ml of borane-dimethyl sulfide complex was added and stirred at 70 ° C. for 6 hours. After cooling to room temperature, methanol was added to the reaction solution, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The obtained pale yellow oil was converted into a hydrochloride using a 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution, and the crystals precipitated from ethyl acetate were collected by filtration to give 1- [2- (benzyloxy) phenyl] methanamine hydrochloride 8.12. g was obtained as a white solid. FAB: 214.
Reference Example 6
To a solution of 1.17 g of 4-fluorosalicylic acid in 72 ml of DMF, 696 mg of 60% oily sodium hydride was gradually added with stirring on ice. After 10 minutes, 2.06 ml of benzyl bromide was added and stirred overnight at room temperature. A saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a light brown oily compound containing benzyl 2- (benzyloxy) -4-fluorobenzoate. This compound was used in the next reaction without further purification. Using a light brown oily compound containing benzyl 2- (benzyloxy) -4-fluorobenzoate as a raw material, the hydrolysis reaction described in Reference Example 4 was carried out to give 1.23 g of 2- (benzyloxy) -4-fluorobenzoic acid. Was obtained as a light brown solid. FAB: 247.

参考例7
2-メトキシ-4-ニトロアニリン5.0 gの1,4-ジオキサン50 ml溶液に、氷冷撹拌下ジ-tert-ブチル ジカルボネート6.5 g及び4-ジメチルアミノピリジン1.8 gを加え、室温にて3時間攪拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、残留物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶出液:酢酸エチル:n-ヘキサン)で精製し、tert-ブチル (2-メトキシ-4-ニトロフェニル)カルバメート2.6 gを淡黄色固体として得た。得られた化合物1.5 gのDMF 15 ml溶液に、氷冷撹拌下60%油性水素化ナトリウム330 mgを徐々に加えた。10分後、ヨウ化メチル0.7 mlを加え、室温にて2時間攪拌した。反応液に飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液を加えトルエンで抽出後、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、tert-ブチル (2-メトキシ-4-ニトロフェニル)メチルカルバメート1.6 gを淡黄色固体として得た。得られた化合物818 mgを4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液で処理して、2-メトキシ-N-メチル-4-ニトロアニリン塩酸塩554 mgを黄色固体として得た。ESI: 183。
参考例8
3-メトキシ-4-ニトロ安息香酸を原料として用い、参考例4と同様に、3-メトキシ-4-ニトロアニリン塩酸塩を得た。FAB: 169。
Reference Example 7
To a solution of 5.0 g of 2-methoxy-4-nitroaniline in 50 ml of 1,4-dioxane, 6.5 g of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate and 1.8 g of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were added with stirring under ice cooling, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. did. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate: n-hexane) to obtain 2.6 g of tert-butyl (2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl) carbamate as a pale yellow solid. It was. To a solution of 1.5 g of the obtained compound in 15 ml of DMF, 330 mg of 60% oily sodium hydride was gradually added with stirring on ice. After 10 minutes, 0.7 ml of methyl iodide was added and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. A saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with toluene. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 1.6 g of tert-butyl (2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl) methylcarbamate as a pale yellow solid. The obtained compound (818 mg) was treated with 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution to give 2-methoxy-N-methyl-4-nitroaniline hydrochloride (554 mg) as a yellow solid. ESI: 183.
Reference Example 8
3-Methoxy-4-nitroaniline hydrochloride was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 4 using 3-methoxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid as a raw material. FAB: 169.

参考例9〜14
参考例5と同様にして、以下の化合物を得た。
参考例9
1-(2-クロロ-3-フルオロフェニル)メタンアミン塩酸塩。FAB: 160。
参考例10
1-(3-ブロモ-2-メチルフェニル)メタンアミン塩酸塩。FAB: 200, 202。
参考例11
1-[(2-ベンジルオキシ)-3-クロロフェニル]メタンアミン塩酸塩。FAB: 248, 250。
参考例12
1-(2-メトキシ-5-ニトロフェニル)メタンアミン塩酸塩。EI: 182。
参考例13
1-[2-(ベンジルオキシ)-4-フルオロフェニル]メタンアミン塩酸塩。FAB: 232。
参考例14
1-(2-クロロ-2,5-ジフルオロフェニル)メタンアミン塩酸塩。FAB: 178。
参考例15〜21
後記実施例5と同様にして、以下の化合物を得た。
参考例15
4-アミノ-3-クロロベンズアミド。ESI: 171。
参考例16
4-アミノ-3-クロロ-N, N-ジエチルベンズアミド。ESI: 227。
参考例17
4-クロロ-3-フルオロベンズアミド。FAB: 174。
参考例18
2-(ベンジルオキシ)-3-クロロベンズアミド。FAB: 262, 264。
参考例19
2-メトキシ-5-ニトロベンズアミド。FAB-N: 195。
参考例20
2-(ベンジルオキシ)-4-フルオロベンズアミド。FAB: 246。
参考例21
4-クロロ-2,5-ジフルオロベンズアミド。FAB: 192。
Reference Examples 9-14
The following compounds were obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 5.
Reference Example 9
1- (2-Chloro-3-fluorophenyl) methanamine hydrochloride. FAB: 160.
Reference Example 10
1- (3-Bromo-2-methylphenyl) methanamine hydrochloride. FAB: 200, 202.
Reference Example 11
1-[(2-Benzyloxy) -3-chlorophenyl] methanamine hydrochloride. FAB: 248, 250.
Reference Example 12
1- (2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl) methanamine hydrochloride. EI: 182.
Reference Example 13
1- [2- (Benzyloxy) -4-fluorophenyl] methanamine hydrochloride. FAB: 232.
Reference Example 14
1- (2-Chloro-2,5-difluorophenyl) methanamine hydrochloride. FAB: 178.
Reference Examples 15-21
The following compounds were obtained in the same manner as Example 5 described later.
Reference Example 15
4-Amino-3-chlorobenzamide. ESI: 171.
Reference Example 16
4-Amino-3-chloro-N, N-diethylbenzamide. ESI: 227.
Reference Example 17
4-Chloro-3-fluorobenzamide. FAB: 174.
Reference Example 18
2- (Benzyloxy) -3-chlorobenzamide. FAB: 262, 264.
Reference Example 19
2-Methoxy-5-nitrobenzamide. FAB-N: 195.
Reference Example 20
2- (Benzyloxy) -4-fluorobenzamide. FAB: 246.
Reference Example 21
4-chloro-2,5-difluorobenzamide. FAB: 192.

実施例1
3-フェノキシアニリン926 mg、ピリジン2 ml及び1,4-ジオキサン4 ml混合物に、ニコチン酸クロリド塩酸塩890 mgを徐々に加え60℃で1時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却後、反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、残留物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶出液:酢酸エチル:n-ヘキサン)で精製した。得られた個体を4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液を用いて塩酸塩とした後、エタノール-酢酸エチルより析出した結晶をろ取し、N-(3-フェノキシフェニル)ニコチンアミド塩酸塩1.55 gを白色固体として得た。
実施例2
N-(3-ヒドロキシフェニル)ニコチンアミド200 mgのDMF 4 ml溶液に、炭酸カリウム243 mg及び1-(ブロモメチル)-4-フルオロベンゼン176 mgを順次加え、室温で 2日間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え酢酸エチルで抽出後、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた油状物を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液にて固体とし、N-{3-[(4-フルオロベンジル)オキシ]フェニル}ニコチンアミド202 mgを褐色固体として得た。
Example 1
To a mixture of 926 mg of 3-phenoxyaniline, 2 ml of pyridine and 4 ml of 1,4-dioxane, 890 mg of nicotinic acid chloride hydrochloride was gradually added and stirred at 60 ° C. for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate: n-hexane). The obtained solid was converted into hydrochloride using 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution, and the crystals precipitated from ethanol-ethyl acetate were collected by filtration to give 1.55 g of N- (3-phenoxyphenyl) nicotinamide hydrochloride as white. Obtained as a solid.
Example 2
To a solution of N- (3-hydroxyphenyl) nicotinamide 200 mg in DMF 4 ml, potassium carbonate 243 mg and 1- (bromomethyl) -4-fluorobenzene 176 mg were sequentially added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 days. Saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The obtained oil was solidified with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate to obtain 202 mg of N- {3-[(4-fluorobenzyl) oxy] phenyl} nicotinamide as a brown solid.

実施例3
N-(4-アミノ-2-メトキシフェニル)ニコチンアミド300 mgのクロロホルム5 ml及びピリジン0.3 ml混液に、無水酢酸0.14 ml及び触媒量の4-ジメチルアミノピリジンを順次加え、室温で5時間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えクロロホルムで抽出した。有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、残留物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(溶出液:メタノール:クロロホルム)で精製した。得られた個体を4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液を用いて塩酸塩とした後、エタノール-酢酸エチルより析出した結晶をろ取し、N-[4-(アセチルアミノ)-2-メトキシフェニル]ニコチンアミド塩酸塩260 mgを白色固体として得た。
実施例4
メチル 3-メトキシ-4-[(ピリジン-3-イルカルボニル)アミノ]ベンゾエート5.76 gのTHF 110 ml溶液に、1M水酸化ナトリウム溶液60 mlを加え、室温で3時間攪拌した。反応液に1M塩酸を加え中和した後、析出した固体をろ取し、3-メトキシ-4-[(ピリジン-3-イルカルボニル)アミノ]安息香酸4.10 gを白色固体として得た。
Example 3
To a mixed solution of N- (4-amino-2-methoxyphenyl) nicotinamide 300 mg in chloroform 5 ml and pyridine 0.3 ml, 0.14 ml of acetic anhydride and a catalytic amount of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were sequentially added and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. . Saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: methanol: chloroform). The obtained solid was converted into hydrochloride using 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution, and the crystals precipitated from ethanol-ethyl acetate were collected by filtration to give N- [4- (acetylamino) -2-methoxyphenyl] nicotine. 260 mg of amide hydrochloride was obtained as a white solid.
Example 4
To a solution of 5.76 g of methyl 3-methoxy-4-[(pyridin-3-ylcarbonyl) amino] benzoate in 110 ml of THF was added 60 ml of 1M sodium hydroxide solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction solution was neutralized with 1M hydrochloric acid, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration to obtain 4.10 g of 3-methoxy-4-[(pyridin-3-ylcarbonyl) amino] benzoic acid as a white solid.

実施例5
3-メトキシ-4-[(ピリジン-3-イルカルボニル)アミノ]安息香酸200 mgのDMF 7 ml溶液に、室温下HOBt 164 mg及びWSC塩酸塩390 mgを順次加えた。30分後、モルホリン0.18 mlを加え、さらに2時間撹拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去した。得られた個体を4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液を用いて塩酸塩とした後、ジエチルエーテルより析出した結晶をろ取し、N-[2-メトキシ-4-(モルホリン-4-イルカルボニル)フェニル]ニコチンアミド塩酸塩198 mgを白色固体として得た。
実施例6
1,2-ジフルオロ-4-ニトロベンゼン1.59 g、THF 15 ml及びエタノール 15 ml混合物に、アンモニア水10 mlを加え、封管中80℃で一晩攪拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、水を加え酢酸エチルで抽出した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、2-フルオロ-4-ニトロアニリン1.54 gを得た。得られた化合物の326 mgを原料として用い、以下実施例1と同様にして、N-(2-フルオロ-4-ニトロフェニル)ニコチンアミド塩酸塩483 mgを淡黄色固体として得た。
Example 5
To a solution of 200 mg of 3-methoxy-4-[(pyridin-3-ylcarbonyl) amino] benzoic acid in 7 ml of DMF, 164 mg of HOBt and 390 mg of WSC hydrochloride were sequentially added at room temperature. After 30 minutes, 0.18 ml of morpholine was added, and the mixture was further stirred for 2 hours. Saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The obtained solid was converted into hydrochloride using 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution, and the crystals precipitated from diethyl ether were collected by filtration to give N- [2-methoxy-4- (morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) phenyl. Nicotinamide hydrochloride 198 mg was obtained as a white solid.
Example 6
10 ml of aqueous ammonia was added to a mixture of 1.59 g of 1,2-difluoro-4-nitrobenzene, 15 ml of THF and 15 ml of ethanol, and stirred overnight at 80 ° C. in a sealed tube. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, water was added, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 1.54 g of 2-fluoro-4-nitroaniline. Using 326 mg of the obtained compound as a starting material, 483 mg of N- (2-fluoro-4-nitrophenyl) nicotinamide hydrochloride was obtained as a pale yellow solid in the same manner as in Example 1.

実施例7
2-メチルニコチン酸685 mg及び2-メトキシ-4-ニトロアニリン841 mgのピリジン5 ml溶液に、-5℃でオキシ塩化リン0.56 mlを加え30分間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、析出した固体をろ取した。得られた個体を4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液を用いて塩酸塩とし、N-(2-メトキシ-4-ニトロフェニル)-2-メチルニコチンアミド塩酸塩909 mgを白色固体として得た。
実施例8
3-プロポキシベンゾニトリルを用い、参考例5と同様にして、粗製の1-(3-プロポキシフェニル)メタンアミンを得、次いで実施例1と同様にして、N-(3-プロポキシベンジル)ニコチンアミド塩酸塩578 mgを白色固体として得た。
実施例9
1-[(2-ベンジルオキシ)-3-クロロフェニル]メタンアミン塩酸塩323 mgを原料として用い、実施例1と同様にて、N-[2-(ベンジルオキシ)-3-クロロベンジル]ニコチンアミドを含む淡黄色アモルファス状の化合物を得た。得られた化合物のメタノール3 ml溶液に、4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液2 mlを加え、室温で2時間攪拌した。溶媒を減圧留去し、得られた個体を酢酸エチルより結晶化して、N-[3-クロロ-2-ヒドロキシベンジル]ニコチンアミド塩酸塩54 mgを白色固体として得た。
Example 7
To a solution of 685 mg of 2-methylnicotinic acid and 841 mg of 2-methoxy-4-nitroaniline in 5 ml of pyridine, 0.56 ml of phosphorus oxychloride was added at −5 ° C. and stirred for 30 minutes. A saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction solution, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration. The obtained solid was converted to hydrochloride using 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution to obtain 909 mg of N- (2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl) -2-methylnicotinamide hydrochloride as a white solid.
Example 8
Using 3-propoxybenzonitrile, crude 1- (3-propoxyphenyl) methanamine was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 5, and then N- (3-propoxybenzyl) nicotinamide hydrochloride was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. 578 mg of salt was obtained as a white solid.
Example 9
Using 1-[(2-benzyloxy) -3-chlorophenyl] methanamine hydrochloride 323 mg as a raw material, N- [2- (benzyloxy) -3-chlorobenzyl] nicotinamide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. A pale yellow amorphous compound was obtained. To a 3 ml solution of the obtained compound in methanol was added 2 ml of 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained solid was crystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain 54 mg of N- [3-chloro-2-hydroxybenzyl] nicotinamide hydrochloride as a white solid.

実施例10A及び10B
2-クロロ-6-メトキシベンゾニトリル 1.0 gを原料として用い、参考例5と同様にして、1-(2-クロロ-6-メトキシフェニル)メタンアミン塩酸塩716 mgを得た。本化合物はこれ以上の精製操作を行うことなく、次反応に用いた。得られた化合物の416 mgを原料として用い、実施例1と同様にして、N-(2-クロロ-6-メトキシベンジル)ニコチンアミドを得た。得られた化合物のメタノール3 ml溶液に、4M塩化水素-酢酸エチル溶液2 mlを加え、室温で2時間攪拌した。溶媒を減圧留去後、得られた固体を酢酸エチル-メタノールより再結晶して、N-(2-クロロ-6-メトキシベンジル)ニコチンアミド塩酸塩221 mgを白色固体として得た(実施例10A)。一方、ろ液を減圧留去後、得られた固体をメタノールより結晶化し、N-(2-クロロ-6-ヒドロキシベンジル)ニコチンアミド塩酸塩 181 mgを白色固体として得た(実施例10B)。
実施例11
N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)-4-メトキシニコチンアミド137 mgのクロロホルム5 ml溶液に、室温でm-クロロ過安息香酸160 mgを加え、同温にて4時間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えクロロホルムで抽出した。有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液;メタノール:クロロホルム)で精製し、酢酸エチルより析出した結晶をろ取し、N-(5-クロロ-2-フルオロベンジル)-4-メトキシニコチンアミド 1-オキシド117 mgを白色固体として得た。
Examples 10A and 10B
Using 1.0 g of 2-chloro-6-methoxybenzonitrile as a raw material, 716 mg of 1- (2-chloro-6-methoxyphenyl) methanamine hydrochloride was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 5. This compound was used in the next reaction without further purification. N- (2-chloro-6-methoxybenzyl) nicotinamide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using 416 mg of the obtained compound as a raw material. To a 3 ml solution of the obtained compound in methanol was added 2 ml of 4M hydrogen chloride-ethyl acetate solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, the obtained solid was recrystallized from ethyl acetate-methanol to obtain 221 mg of N- (2-chloro-6-methoxybenzyl) nicotinamide hydrochloride as a white solid (Example 10A). ). On the other hand, after the filtrate was distilled off under reduced pressure, the obtained solid was crystallized from methanol to obtain 181 mg of N- (2-chloro-6-hydroxybenzyl) nicotinamide hydrochloride as a white solid (Example 10B).
Example 11
To a solution of N- (5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) -4-methoxynicotinamide 137 mg in chloroform 5 ml, m-chloroperbenzoic acid 160 mg was added at room temperature and stirred at the same temperature for 4 hours. Saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent; methanol: chloroform), and crystals precipitated from ethyl acetate were collected by filtration, and N- ( 117 mg of 5-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) -4-methoxynicotinamide 1-oxide was obtained as a white solid.

実施例12
N-[2-(アミノカルボニル)-4-クロロフェニル]ニコチンアミド137 mgのメタノール5 ml溶液に、1M水酸化ナトリウム水1 mlを加え、3時間加熱還流した。反応液を室温まで冷却後、酢酸を加え中和し、析出した固体をろ取して、6-クロロ-2-ピリジン-3-イルキナゾリン-4(3H)-オン483 mgを白色固体として得た。
実施例13
2-メトキシ-6-ニトロアニリン300 mgを用い実施例1と同様にしてN-(2-メトキシ-6-ニトロフェニル)ニコチンアミドを得、得られた化合物のエタノール 5 ml溶液に、10%パラジウム-カーボン粉末50 mgを加え、水素雰囲気下、室温で3時間攪拌した。セライトを用いてろ過後、溶媒を減圧留去し、粗製のN-(2-アミノ-6-メトキシフェニル)ニコチンアミドを得た。得られた化合物の酢酸10 ml溶液を4時間加熱還流した。反応液を室温まで冷却後、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えクロロホルムで抽出した。有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(溶出液;メタノール:クロロホルム)で精製した。得られた化合物をエタノール-酢酸エチルより結晶化し、4-メトキシ-2-ピリジン-3-イル-1H-ベンズイミダゾール 2塩酸塩181 mgを白色固体として得た。
Example 12
To a solution of N- [2- (aminocarbonyl) -4-chlorophenyl] nicotinamide 137 mg in 5 ml of methanol was added 1 ml of 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide, and the mixture was heated to reflux for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, neutralized with acetic acid, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration to give 483 mg of 6-chloro-2-pyridin-3-ylquinazolin-4 (3H) -one as a white solid. It was.
Example 13
Using 300 mg of 2-methoxy-6-nitroaniline, N- (2-methoxy-6-nitrophenyl) nicotinamide was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, and 10% palladium was added to a 5 ml solution of the obtained compound in ethanol. -50 mg of carbon powder was added and stirred for 3 hours at room temperature under hydrogen atmosphere. After filtration using Celite, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain crude N- (2-amino-6-methoxyphenyl) nicotinamide. A 10 ml solution of the resulting compound in acetic acid was heated to reflux for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added, and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: methanol: chloroform). The obtained compound was crystallized from ethanol-ethyl acetate to obtain 181 mg of 4-methoxy-2-pyridin-3-yl-1H-benzimidazole dihydrochloride as a white solid.

実施例1と同様にして実施例14〜35、56〜116及び146〜149の化合物を、実施例2と同様にして実施例36の化合物を、実施例4と同様にして実施例37の化合物を、実施例5と同様にして実施例38〜43、118〜125、131〜145及び151の化合物を、実施例6と同様にして実施例55の化合物を、実施例7と同様にして実施例44〜54の化合物を、実施例8と同様にして実施例117の化合物を、実施例11と同様にして実施例126〜130の化合物を、並びに、実施例12と同様にして実施例150の化合物を、それぞれ製造した。実施例化合物の構造及び物理化学的データを表8〜17にそれぞれ示す。   The compounds of Examples 14 to 35, 56 to 116 and 146 to 149 are prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, the compound of Example 36 is the same as in Example 2, the compound of Example 37 is the same as in Example 4. The compounds of Examples 38 to 43, 118 to 125, 131 to 145 and 151 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 5. The compound of Example 55 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6. The compounds of Examples 44 to 54 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 8, the compounds of Example 117, the compounds of Examples 126 to 130 in the same manner as in Example 11, and the examples 150 in the same manner as in Example 12. Were prepared respectively. The structures and physicochemical data of the example compounds are shown in Tables 8 to 17, respectively.

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本発明化合物のNO産生促進活性、eNOS活性化活性及び血流増加作用は以下の試験法により確認した。
試験例1 培養上清NOx量測定
ヒト大動脈由来血管内皮細胞(HAEC、Clonetics社製)をコラーゲンタイプIV処理24wellプレート(イワキ(株)社製)にコンフルエントまで培養した後、培地を無血清培地に変え、16時間培養を続けた。培地の除去後、被験化合物10μMを含む無血清培地にて細胞を30分間処理した。細胞から放出されたNO量は培養上清中のNOx(NO2 -及びNO3 -)量を測定することで算出した。NO2 -及びNO3 -量は酸化窒素分析システム(Eicom社)を用い、添付の方法に従って測定した。
培養上清中NOx増加率を溶媒添加(0.1% DMSO)群に対する相対比で下記表に示す。
The NO production promoting activity, eNOS activation activity and blood flow increasing action of the compound of the present invention were confirmed by the following test methods.
Test Example 1 Measurement of culture supernatant NOx amount Human aorta-derived vascular endothelial cells (HAEC, manufactured by Clonetics) were cultured to collagen type IV-treated 24-well plate (manufactured by Iwaki Co., Ltd.) until confluent, and then the medium was changed to a serum-free medium. The culture was continued for 16 hours. After removing the medium, the cells were treated with a serum-free medium containing 10 μM of the test compound for 30 minutes. The amount of NO released from the cells was calculated by measuring the amount of NOx (NO 2 and NO 3 ) in the culture supernatant. The amount of NO 2 and NO 3 was measured using a nitric oxide analysis system (Eicom) according to the attached method.
The increase rate of NOx in the culture supernatant is shown in the following table as a relative ratio to the solvent addition (0.1% DMSO) group.

Figure 2007186435
表に示すように、これらの化合物はNO産生促進活性を有することが確認された。
Figure 2007186435
As shown in the table, these compounds were confirmed to have NO production promoting activity.

試験例2 ラット摘出血管における血管弛緩反応
Wistar系雄性ラットをペントバルビタールにより麻酔し、頸動脈切断により放血致死させた。その後、胸部大動脈を摘出しリング標本を作製した。作製した標本は、Krebs-Hanseleit buffer (pH 7.4, 95%O2, 5%CO2, 37℃)を満たしたorgan bath (10 mL)中に静止張力1 g下で懸垂し、10-6 M塩酸フェニレフリン (PE)により収縮を惹起させた。PE刺激条件下における標本の等尺性収縮は、張力トランスデューサーを用いて測定した。摘出血管標本は、PE刺激条件下で30〜60分間の安定期間を置いた後に、被験化合物を累積的に添加した。PEによる収縮を50%弛緩する被験化合物の濃度をIC50値としてlogistic法により算出し、被験化合物の活性の指標とした。更に、bath内を新しいbufferで洗浄後、eNOSの阻害剤であるNG-ニトロ-L-アルギニンメチルエステル塩酸塩 (L-NAME:10-5 M)存在下[L-NAME (+)]で、再びPEによる収縮及び被験化合物による弛緩を上記L-NAME非存在下[L-NAME (-)]と同様に測定し、被験化合物による弛緩反応のNO依存性を確認した。例えば、実施例95の化合物はL-NAME存在下で100μMでも抑制率が50%に至らなかったことから、その作用はeNOSを介していることが確認された。
L-NAME非存在下での測定結果を下記表に示す。

Figure 2007186435
Test Example 2 Vasorelaxant response in isolated rat blood vessels
Wistar male rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital and exsanguinated by carotid amputation. Thereafter, the thoracic aorta was removed to prepare a ring specimen. The prepared specimens were suspended in an organ bath (10 mL) filled with Krebs-Hanseleit buffer (pH 7.4, 95% O 2 , 5% CO 2 , 37 ° C) under a static tension of 1 g, and 10 -6 M Contraction was induced by phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE). Isometric shrinkage of the specimen under PE stimulation conditions was measured using a tension transducer. The isolated blood vessel specimens were allowed to accumulate for 30 to 60 minutes under PE-stimulated conditions, and then the test compound was added cumulatively. The concentration of the test compound that relaxes the contraction by PE by 50% was calculated by the logistic method as an IC 50 value, and used as an index of the activity of the test compound. Furthermore, after washing the bath with a new buffer, [L-NAME (+)] in the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME: 10 -5 M), an inhibitor of eNOS, Again, the contraction by PE and the relaxation by the test compound were measured in the same manner as in the absence of L-NAME [L-NAME (−)], and the NO dependence of the relaxation reaction by the test compound was confirmed. For example, since the inhibition rate of the compound of Example 95 did not reach 50% even at 100 μM in the presence of L-NAME, it was confirmed that the action was mediated by eNOS.
The measurement results in the absence of L-NAME are shown in the table below.
Figure 2007186435

Figure 2007186435
Figure 2007186435

試験例3 3H-アルギニンによる細胞内eNOS活性測定
3H-アルギニンによる細胞内eNOS活性測定はRajesh K.D.らの報告に従った(Rajesh K.D. et al., Hypertension, 1993, 21, 939-94)。ヒト大動脈由来血管内皮細胞(HAEC、Clonetics社製)をコラーゲンタイプIV処理24wellプレート(イワキ(株)社製)にコンフルエントまで培養後、培地をL-Arg無添加、無血清培地に変え、16時間培養を続けた。培地の除去後、3H-Arg(最終濃度1.5μCi/mL)、被験化合物を含むmodified HEPES溶液(25mM Hepes(pH7.4), 140 mM NaCl, 5.4 mM KCl, 1.8 mM CaCl2, 1.0 mM MgCl2, 5.0 mM glucose)にて細胞を処理した。氷冷した1.3 Mトリクロロ酢酸を400μL/well加え、反応を停止させた後、凍結融解で細胞を破砕した。細胞破砕液をエーテル処理後、Stop buffer(200 mM Hepes (pH5.5), 20 mM EDTA)、Dowex樹脂(Bio-Rad)を加え混合した後に、ろ過によりDowex樹脂を除き、3H-Citrullin量を液体シンチレーションカウンターにより測定した。
Test Example 3 Measurement of intracellular eNOS activity with 3 H-arginine
The measurement of intracellular eNOS activity by 3 H-arginine followed the report of Rajesh KD et al. (Rajesh KD et al., Hypertension, 1993, 21, 939-94). Human aorta-derived vascular endothelial cells (HAEC, manufactured by Clonetics) were cultured until they became confluent in collagen type IV-treated 24-well plates (manufactured by Iwaki Co., Ltd.), then the medium was changed to serum-free medium without L-Arg, and 16 hours The culture was continued. After removal of the medium, 3 H-Arg (final concentration 1.5 μCi / mL), modified HEPES solution containing test compound (25 mM Hepes (pH 7.4), 140 mM NaCl, 5.4 mM KCl, 1.8 mM CaCl 2 , 1.0 mM MgCl 2 , 5.0 mM glucose). 400 μL / well of ice-cooled 1.3 M trichloroacetic acid was added to stop the reaction, and the cells were disrupted by freeze-thawing. After the cell lysate is treated with ether, stop buffer (200 mM Hepes (pH5.5), 20 mM EDTA) and Dowex resin (Bio-Rad) are added and mixed, then Dowex resin is removed by filtration, and 3 H-Citrullin amount Was measured with a liquid scintillation counter.

試験例4 麻酔ラット後肢血流増加作用
本発明の化合物について、ウレタン麻酔ラットにおける後肢血流増加作用を以下の試験方法により確認した。
Wistar系雄性ラットにウレタン1 g/kgを腹腔内投与し麻酔を施した。開腹の後、十二指腸にカニューレを挿入した。切開部を縫合した後、被験化合物100 mg/5 ml/kg (0.5%メチルセルロース)を十二指腸内投与した。投与2時間後、後肢血流をレーザー血流画像化装置(PIM II; インテグラル)を用いて測定した。
本試験の結果、実施例20、33、58及び95の化合物は114〜140%の血流改善効果を示した。
上記の各試験の結果、本発明化合物はNO産生促進活性、eNOS活性化活性及び血流増加作用を有することが確認された。このことから、間歇性跛行を含むPAOD、動脈硬化、虚血性心疾患などの血管内皮機能不全が病因である種々の疾患の治療剤として有用であることは明らかである。
Test Example 4 hindlimb blood flow increasing action in anesthetized rats For the compound of the present invention, hindlimb blood flow increasing action in urethane anesthetized rats was confirmed by the following test method.
Wistar male rats were anesthetized with 1 g / kg of urethane administered intraperitoneally. After laparotomy, the duodenum was cannulated. After the incision was sutured, test compound 100 mg / 5 ml / kg (0.5% methylcellulose) was administered into the duodenum. Two hours after administration, hindlimb blood flow was measured using a laser blood flow imaging device (PIM II; integral).
As a result of this test, the compounds of Examples 20, 33, 58 and 95 showed a blood flow improving effect of 114 to 140%.
As a result of the above tests, it was confirmed that the compound of the present invention has NO production promoting activity, eNOS activation activity, and blood flow increasing action. From this, it is clear that it is useful as a therapeutic agent for various diseases caused by vascular endothelial dysfunction such as PAOD including intermittent claudication, arteriosclerosis, and ischemic heart disease.

また、血管抵抗を形成する細動脈径の調節は、EDRF(NO)よりも内皮由来過分極因子(EDHF:endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor)の関与が大きいとの報告(Am. J. Physiol., 1999, 277, H1252-H1259; Acta Physiol. Scand., 2000, 168, 505-510)もあることから、本発明医薬は、血圧や心拍に対する影響が少ないことも期待できる。更に、化合物(I)、特にkが1であるN-オキシド化合物は、薬物間相互作用や代謝酵素(特に、CYP3A4等のチトクロームP450系酵素)への影響が少なく、医薬として好ましいと考えられる。   Moreover, the regulation of the diameter of arterioles that form vascular resistance has been reported to involve greater involvement of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) than EDRF (NO) (Am. J. Physiol., 1999) , 277, H1252-H1259; Acta Physiol. Scand., 2000, 168, 505-510), the pharmaceutical of the present invention can also be expected to have little effect on blood pressure and heart rate. Further, the compound (I), particularly an N-oxide compound in which k is 1, has little influence on drug-drug interactions and metabolic enzymes (particularly cytochrome P450 enzymes such as CYP3A4), and is considered preferable as a pharmaceutical.

本発明医薬の有効成分であるフェネチルニコチンアミド化合物又はその塩は、優れた血管内皮性NO産生促進及び/又はeNOS活性化作用による血流循環改善作用を有することから、種々の、血管内皮機能不全が病因である疾患又は病理学的状態、或いは血管内皮機能不全又は低下を引き起こす疾患に有効である。殊に、心不全、心筋梗塞、狭心症等の心疾患;動脈硬化、高血圧、肺高血圧、閉塞性動脈硬化症、PAOD、閉塞性血栓血管炎、大動脈炎症候群等の末梢動脈疾患(PAD);再狭窄症等の血管性疾患;血栓症;脊椎間狭窄症;糖尿病;糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性神経症、糖尿病性血管障害、糖尿病性四肢病変、糖尿病性血管障害等の糖尿病性合併症;胃潰瘍、虚血性腸疾患等の消化管疾患;腎障害、腎不全、腎炎、腎硬化症等の腎疾患;並びに、***障害等の泌尿器疾患の治療剤として有用である。更に、痴呆(アルツハイマー型痴呆、脳血管性痴呆症(脳血管性認知症)等)の予防又は治療剤、並びに、脳卒中、脳外傷、脊髄損傷等の中枢神経変性疾患による運動機能障害を含めた機能障害の回復促進作用又は機能回復訓練(リハビリテーション医療)効果の増強及び/又は促進剤としても有用である。また、本発明医薬は血圧や心拍に対する影響が少ないことも期待できる。
Since the phenethylnicotinamide compound or a salt thereof, which is an active ingredient of the medicament of the present invention, has an excellent blood vessel circulation improvement action by promoting vascular endothelial NO production and / or eNOS activation action, there are various vascular endothelial dysfunctions. It is effective for diseases or pathological conditions in which is caused, or diseases that cause vascular endothelial dysfunction or decline. In particular, heart diseases such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris; peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) such as arteriosclerosis, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, obstructive arteriosclerosis, PAOD, occlusive thromboangiitis, aortitis syndrome; Vascular diseases such as restenosis; Thrombosis; Intervertebral stenosis; Diabetes; Diabetic complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic vasculopathy, diabetic limb lesions, diabetic vasculopathy; It is useful as a therapeutic agent for gastrointestinal diseases such as gastric ulcer and ischemic bowel disease; renal diseases such as renal disorder, renal failure, nephritis and nephrosclerosis; and urological diseases such as erectile dysfunction. In addition, preventive or therapeutic agents for dementia (Alzheimer-type dementia, cerebrovascular dementia (cerebral vascular dementia), etc.), and motor dysfunction due to central nervous degenerative diseases such as stroke, brain trauma, spinal cord injury, etc. It is also useful as an agent for enhancing and / or promoting the effect of promoting the recovery of functional impairment or the effect of functional recovery training (rehabilitation medicine). In addition, the pharmaceutical of the present invention can be expected to have little influence on blood pressure and heart rate.

Claims (5)

下記式(I)で示されるニコチンアミド誘導体又はその製薬学的に許容される塩と、製薬学的に許容される担体とからなる血管内皮性一酸化窒素産生促進及び/又は内皮性一酸化窒素合成酵素活性化剤。
Figure 2007186435
(式中の記号は以下の意味を示す。
X1:N又はC-R1
X2:N又はC-R2
X3:N又はC-R3
X4:N又はC-R4
但し、X1、X2、X3及びX4のうち、Nは1個又は2個であり、当該Nはオキシド(N(O))を形成していてもよい、
R1、R2、R3、R4及びR5:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-ハロゲン、-RA、-OH、-O-RA、-S-RA、-ハロゲノ低級アルキル、-N(R11)(R12)、-O-フェニル、-CO2H又は-CO2-R0、或いは、隣接する2個の基が一体となって、-NH-CH=N-、
RA:-OH、-O-R0、-CO2H及び-CO2-R0から選択される1個以上の基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
R0:-低級アルキル、
R11及びR12:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-R0又は-CO-R0
Y:O又はN(R6)、
R6:-H又は-R0
R7:-ハロゲン、-OH、-O-R0、-O-ハロゲノ低級アルキル、-O-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)又は-O-CH2-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)、
R8及びR9:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-RA、-N(R13)(R14)、-CN、-NO2、-CO2H、-CO2-R0、-CO-N(R13)(R14)、-CO-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)、又は、R7に記載の基、
或いは、R8が-N(R10)-(CH2)n-に対してオルト位に結合する場合、R6とR8が一体となって、単結合、メチレン又はカルボニルを形成してもよい、
R13及びR14:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-RA、-CO-RA又はシクロアルキル、或いは、R13とR14が一体となって、-(CH2)m-、-(CH2)j-O-(CH2)k-、-(CH2)j-NH-(CH2)k-又は-(CH2)j-N(R0)-(CH2)k-、
m:3、4、5、6又は7、
j:1、2、3又は4、
k:1、2、3又は4、但し、j+kは3〜6の整数、
R21:-R0、-ハロゲン、-O-R0、-O-ハロゲノ低級アルキル又は-CN、
n:0又は1、
R10:-H又は-R0。)
Vascular endothelial nitric oxide production promotion and / or endothelial nitric oxide comprising a nicotinamide derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier Synthase activator.
Figure 2007186435
(The symbols in the formula have the following meanings.
X 1 : N or CR 1
X 2 : N or CR 2 ,
X 3 : N or CR 3 ,
X 4 : N or CR 4 ,
However, among X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 , N is 1 or 2, and the N may form an oxide (N (O)).
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 : the same or different from each other, —H, —halogen, —R A , —OH, —OR A , —SR A , —halogeno lower alkyl, —N ( R 11 ) (R 12 ), —O-phenyl, —CO 2 H or —CO 2 —R 0 , or two adjacent groups are combined to form —NH—CH═N—,
R A : lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from —OH, —OR 0 , —CO 2 H and —CO 2 —R 0 ,
R 0 : -lower alkyl,
R 11 and R 12 are the same or different from each other, -H, -R 0 or -CO-R 0 ,
Y: O or N (R 6 ),
R 6 : -H or -R 0 ,
R 7: - halogen, -OH, -OR 0, -O- halogeno-lower alkyl, -O- (R phenyl optionally substituted at 21) or -O-CH 2 - (optionally substituted with R 21 May be phenyl),
R 8 and R 9 are the same or different from each other, -H, -R A , -N (R 13 ) (R 14 ), -CN, -NO 2 , -CO 2 H, -CO 2 -R 0 ,- CO—N (R 13 ) (R 14 ), —CO— (phenyl optionally substituted with R 21 ), or a group according to R 7 ,
Alternatively, when R 8 is bonded to the ortho position with respect to —N (R 10 ) — (CH 2 ) n —, R 6 and R 8 may be combined to form a single bond, methylene or carbonyl. Good,
R 13 and R 14 are the same or different from each other, —H, —R A , —CO—R A or cycloalkyl, or R 13 and R 14 are combined to form — (CH 2 ) m —, — (CH 2 ) j -O- (CH 2 ) k -,-(CH 2 ) j -NH- (CH 2 ) k- or-(CH 2 ) j -N (R 0 )-(CH 2 ) k- ,
m: 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7,
j: 1, 2, 3 or 4,
k: 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that j + k is an integer of 3 to 6,
R 21 : -R 0 , -halogen, -OR 0 , -O-halogeno lower alkyl or -CN,
n: 0 or 1,
R 10 : —H or —R 0 . )
請求項1記載の式(I)で示されるニコチンアミド誘導体又はその製薬学的に許容される塩と、製薬学的に許容される担体とからなる末梢動脈閉塞症治療剤。 A therapeutic agent for peripheral arterial occlusion comprising the nicotinamide derivative represented by the formula (I) according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 末梢動脈閉塞症が間歇性跛行である請求項2記載の治療剤。 The therapeutic agent according to claim 2, wherein the peripheral artery occlusion is intermittent claudication. 下記式(I’)で示されるニコチンアミド誘導体又はその製薬学的に許容される塩。
Figure 2007186435
(式中の記号は以下の意味を示す。
X1:N又はC-R1
X2:N又はC-R2
X3:N又はC-R3
X4:N又はC-R4
但し、X1、X2、X3及びX4のうち、Nは1個又は2個であり、当該Nはオキシド(N(O))を形成していてもよい、
R1、R2、R3、R4及びR5:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-ハロゲン、-RA、-OH、-O-RA、-S-RA、-ハロゲノ低級アルキル、-N(R11)(R12)、-O-フェニル、-CO2H又は-CO2-R0、或いは、隣接する2個の基が一体となって、-NH-CH=N-、
RA:-OH、-O-R0、-CO2H及び-CO2-R0から選択される1個以上の基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
R0:-低級アルキル、
R11及びR12:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-R0又は-CO-R0
Y:O又はN(R6)、
R6:-H又は-R0
R7:-ハロゲン、-OH、-O-R0、-O-ハロゲノ低級アルキル、-O-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)又は-O-CH2-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)、
R8及びR9:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-RA、-N(R13)(R14)、-CN、-NO2、-CO2H、-CO2-R0、-CO-N(R13)(R14)、-CO-(R21で置換されていてもよいフェニル)、又は、R7に記載の基、
或いは、R8が-N(R10)-(CH2)n-に対してオルト位に結合する場合、R6とR8が一体となって、単結合、メチレン又はカルボニルを形成してもよい、
R13及びR14:同一又は互いに異なって、-H、-RA、-CO-RA又はシクロアルキル、或いは、R13とR14が一体となって、-(CH2)m-、-(CH2)j-O-(CH2)k-、-(CH2)j-NH-(CH2)k-又は-(CH2)j-N(R0)-(CH2)k-、
m:3、4、5、6又は7、
j:1、2、3又は4、
k:1、2、3又は4、但し、j+kは3〜6の整数、
R21:-R0、-ハロゲン、-O-R0、-O-ハロゲノ低級アルキル又は-CN、
n:0又は1、
R10:-H又は-R0
但し、以下の化合物を除く:
(1)X1がN、X2がCH又はC-CO2H、X3及びX4がともにCH、R5、R9及びR10がH、YがO、nが0、R7がハロゲン、OMe又はOEt、かつ、R8がH、Me又はNO2である化合物;
(2)X2がNである下記表に示す化合物;
Figure 2007186435
(3)X1、X3及びX4がともにCH、X2がN(O)、R5、R8、R9及びR10がH、YがO、nが0、かつ、R7がOMeである化合物;
(4)X3がNである下記表に示す化合物;
Figure 2007186435
(5)X1、X2及びX4がともにCH、X3がN(O)、R5、R8、R9及びR10がH、YがO、nが0、かつ、R7がOMeである化合物。)
A nicotinamide derivative represented by the following formula (I ′) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Figure 2007186435
(The symbols in the formula have the following meanings.
X 1 : N or CR 1
X 2 : N or CR 2 ,
X 3 : N or CR 3 ,
X 4 : N or CR 4 ,
However, among X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 , N is 1 or 2, and the N may form an oxide (N (O)).
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 : the same or different from each other, —H, —halogen, —R A , —OH, —OR A , —SR A , —halogeno lower alkyl, —N ( R 11 ) (R 12 ), —O-phenyl, —CO 2 H or —CO 2 —R 0 , or two adjacent groups are combined to form —NH—CH═N—,
R A : lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from —OH, —OR 0 , —CO 2 H and —CO 2 —R 0 ,
R 0 : -lower alkyl,
R 11 and R 12 are the same or different from each other, -H, -R 0 or -CO-R 0 ,
Y: O or N (R 6 ),
R 6 : -H or -R 0 ,
R 7: - halogen, -OH, -OR 0, -O- halogeno-lower alkyl, -O- (R phenyl optionally substituted by 21) or -O-CH 2 - (optionally substituted with R 21 May be phenyl),
R 8 and R 9 are the same or different from each other, -H, -R A , -N (R 13 ) (R 14 ), -CN, -NO 2 , -CO 2 H, -CO 2 -R 0 ,- CO—N (R 13 ) (R 14 ), —CO— (phenyl optionally substituted with R 21 ), or a group according to R 7 ,
Alternatively, when R 8 is bonded to the ortho position with respect to —N (R 10 ) — (CH 2 ) n —, R 6 and R 8 may be combined to form a single bond, methylene or carbonyl. Good,
R 13 and R 14 are the same or different from each other, —H, —R A , —CO—R A or cycloalkyl, or R 13 and R 14 are combined to form — (CH 2 ) m —, — (CH 2 ) j -O- (CH 2 ) k -,-(CH 2 ) j -NH- (CH 2 ) k- or-(CH 2 ) j -N (R 0 )-(CH 2 ) k- ,
m: 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7,
j: 1, 2, 3 or 4,
k: 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that j + k is an integer of 3 to 6,
R 21 : -R 0 , -halogen, -OR 0 , -O-halogeno lower alkyl or -CN,
n: 0 or 1,
R 10 : —H or —R 0 .
Except for the following compounds:
(1) X 1 is N, X 2 is CH or C—CO 2 H, X 3 and X 4 are both CH, R 5 , R 9 and R 10 are H, Y is O, n is 0, and R 7 is A compound wherein halogen, OMe or OEt and R 8 is H, Me or NO 2 ;
(2) Compounds shown in the following table wherein X 2 is N;
Figure 2007186435
(3) X 1 , X 3 and X 4 are both CH, X 2 is N (O), R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are H, Y is O, n is 0, and R 7 is A compound that is OMe;
(4) Compounds shown in the following table wherein X 3 is N;
Figure 2007186435
(5) X 1 , X 2 and X 4 are both CH, X 3 is N (O), R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are H, Y is O, n is 0, and R 7 is A compound that is OMe. )
請求項4に記載のニコチンアミド化合物又はその製薬学的に許容される塩と、製薬学的に許容される担体とからなる医薬組成物。
A pharmaceutical composition comprising the nicotinamide compound according to claim 4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
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