JP2007179364A - Apparatus for correcting amount of displacement of main shaft - Google Patents

Apparatus for correcting amount of displacement of main shaft Download PDF

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JP2007179364A
JP2007179364A JP2005377849A JP2005377849A JP2007179364A JP 2007179364 A JP2007179364 A JP 2007179364A JP 2005377849 A JP2005377849 A JP 2005377849A JP 2005377849 A JP2005377849 A JP 2005377849A JP 2007179364 A JP2007179364 A JP 2007179364A
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displacement
main shaft
amount
frequency
spindle
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JP2005377849A
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Japanese (ja)
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Hiroshi Inagaki
浩 稲垣
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Okuma Corp
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Okuma Corp
Okuma Machinery Works Ltd
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Priority to JP2005377849A priority Critical patent/JP2007179364A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform high-quality machining with precision by reducing the influence of fluctuation in the asynchronous displacement of a main shaft even when the main shaft is supported by a rolling bearing. <P>SOLUTION: This apparatus for correcting the amount of rotational displacement of a main shaft includes sensors 21, 22 for measuring the amount of rotational displacement of the main shaft 11 on a time axis; and a calculation means 43 for calculating both the amount of displacement at a frequency of 1/2 times the rotational frequency of the main shaft and the period of a sinusoidal wave contained therein, based on the amount of displacement measured by the sensors 21, 22, and for calculating a correction value for correcting the position command value of the main shaft on the basis of the amount of displacement and the period calculated, so as to cancel out the amount of displacement. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、工作機械、とくに、鏡面等の高品位面を得るような切削加工をする工作機械において、工具または加工物を回転させるための主軸の変動する変位量を補正する主軸変位量補正装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a spindle displacement correction device that corrects a variable displacement of a spindle for rotating a tool or a workpiece in a machine tool, in particular, a machine tool that performs a cutting process to obtain a high-quality surface such as a mirror surface. About.

従来の主軸変位量補正装置としては、主軸の回転角度に対応する同期変位量を予め求めておいて、センサによって主軸の回転角度を検出し、検出した回転角度に対応する同期変位量を打ち消すようにアクチュエータによって主軸に外力を作用させるようにしたものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。   As a conventional spindle displacement correction device, a synchronous displacement corresponding to the rotation angle of the spindle is obtained in advance, the rotation angle of the spindle is detected by a sensor, and the synchronous displacement corresponding to the detected rotation angle is canceled out. Further, an actuator in which an external force is applied to a main shaft by an actuator is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

主軸の回転振れによる変位には、主軸の回転周波数と等倍あるいはその整数倍である周波数をもつ同期変位と、主軸の回転周波数の1/2倍の周波数をもつ非同期変位とがある。   The displacement due to the rotational vibration of the main shaft includes a synchronous displacement having a frequency that is equal to or an integral multiple of the rotational frequency of the main shaft and an asynchronous displacement having a frequency that is ½ times the rotational frequency of the main shaft.

上記従来の補正装置によれば、同期変位を打ち消すことはできるが、非同期変位は完全には打ち消すことはできない。同期変位は時間に関して変動することないが、非同期変位量は比較的長い周波数で変動する成分もあるからである。   According to the conventional correction device, the synchronous displacement can be canceled, but the asynchronous displacement cannot be completely canceled. This is because the synchronous displacement does not vary with respect to time, but the asynchronous displacement has a component that varies at a relatively long frequency.

高品位面の加工を行う場合、主軸の非同期変位が加工面に転写されて加工面に凹凸が形成される。ここで、工具枚数を1枚にすればその影響を抑制できる。ところが面品位を高品位面に近いレベルまで上げていくと非同期変位の影響が顕著になって、加工面にうねりとなって現れてくる。この原因は主軸を支持するころがり軸受の問題であり、これを防ぐには、転がり軸受を使用せずに、例えば、空気や磁気軸受を使用すればよい。   When machining a high quality surface, the asynchronous displacement of the main shaft is transferred to the machining surface, and irregularities are formed on the machining surface. Here, if the number of tools is one, the influence can be suppressed. However, when the surface quality is raised to a level close to a high quality surface, the effect of asynchronous displacement becomes more prominent and appears as waviness on the machined surface. The cause is a problem of the rolling bearing that supports the main shaft. To prevent this, for example, air or a magnetic bearing may be used without using the rolling bearing.

空気や磁気軸受を使用すると、回転振れの精度は良いが、ユニットが高価、剛性が無い、制御が複雑である等の問題がある。
特開平9−323238号公報
When air or magnetic bearings are used, the accuracy of rotational runout is good, but there are problems such as expensive units, lack of rigidity, and complicated control.
JP-A-9-323238

この発明の目的は、転がり軸受で主軸を支持した場合においても、主軸の非同期変位の変動の影響を抑制し、高品位加工を精度良く行うことのできる主軸変位量補正装置を提供することにある。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a spindle displacement correction device that can suppress the influence of fluctuations in asynchronous displacement of a spindle and perform high-quality machining with high accuracy even when the spindle is supported by a rolling bearing. .

この発明による主軸回転変位量補正装置は、主軸の時間軸回転変位量を測定するセンサと、センサによって測定された変位量に基づいて、主軸回転周波数の1/2倍の周波数のときの変位量およびこれに含まれた正弦波の周期を算出し、算出した変位量および周期に基づいて、その変位量を打ち消すように主軸の位置指令値を補正するための補正値を算出する算出手段とを備えているものである。   A spindle rotational displacement correction device according to the present invention includes a sensor that measures a time axis rotational displacement of a spindle, and a displacement at a frequency that is half the spindle rotational frequency based on the displacement measured by the sensor. And a calculating means for calculating a correction value for correcting the position command value of the spindle so as to cancel the displacement amount based on the calculated displacement amount and period, and calculating the cycle of the sine wave included therein. It is what it has.

この発明による主軸回転変位量補正装置では、算出した変位量および周期から、ある時間における非同期変位の変動量を予測することができ、その変動量を打ち消すように算出された補正値によって主軸の回転位置を補正することができる。したがって、転がり軸受で主軸を支持した場合においても、主軸の非同期変位の変動の影響を抑制し、高品位加工を精度良く行うことができる。   In the spindle rotational displacement correction device according to the present invention, the fluctuation amount of the asynchronous displacement at a certain time can be predicted from the calculated displacement amount and the period, and the rotation of the spindle is corrected by the correction value calculated so as to cancel the fluctuation amount. The position can be corrected. Therefore, even when the main shaft is supported by the rolling bearing, the influence of the fluctuation of the asynchronous displacement of the main shaft can be suppressed and high-quality machining can be performed with high accuracy.

この発明によれば、転がり軸受で主軸を支持した場合においても、主軸の非同期変位の変動の影響を抑制し、高品位加工を精度良く行うことができる。   According to the present invention, even when the main shaft is supported by the rolling bearing, the influence of fluctuations in the asynchronous displacement of the main shaft can be suppressed and high-quality machining can be performed with high accuracy.

この発明の実施の形態を図面を参照しながらつぎに説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図1および図2を参照すると、主軸11の先端部分が示されている。主軸11の先端部分は、ハウジング12に転がり軸受13によって示されている。ハウジング12の先端面には、垂直下向き縦方向センサ21および水平右向き横方向センサ22が互いに90度の角度をおいてそれぞれ装備されている。   1 and 2, the tip portion of the main shaft 11 is shown. The distal end portion of the main shaft 11 is indicated by a rolling bearing 13 on the housing 12. A vertical downward vertical sensor 21 and a horizontal rightward horizontal sensor 22 are mounted on the front end surface of the housing 12 at an angle of 90 degrees.

図3は、ハウジング12を駆動するモータ31を制御するための制御装置32を示すものである。操作盤33からの指示によって、記憶されたプログラムに基づいて、指令値算出部34によってハウジング12の位置指令値が算出される。算出された指令値は、加算機35を介してサーボ制御部36へ送られる。サーボ制御部36は、モータ31を指令値に基づいて制御する。 縦方向センサ21および横方向センサ22によって測定された変位量は、変位量算出部41へ送られる。タイムカウンタ42によってカウントされた一定時間毎に、変位量算出部41では、送られてきた変位量を演算可能なデータに置き換えられる。置き換えられたデータは、補正量算出部43で補正値として算出される。補正値は記憶部44に記憶され、リアルタイムで加算機35へ送られる。これにより、位置指令値が補正される。   FIG. 3 shows a control device 32 for controlling a motor 31 that drives the housing 12. In response to an instruction from the operation panel 33, the command value calculator 34 calculates a position command value of the housing 12 based on the stored program. The calculated command value is sent to the servo control unit 36 via the adder 35. The servo control unit 36 controls the motor 31 based on the command value. The displacement amounts measured by the vertical direction sensor 21 and the horizontal direction sensor 22 are sent to the displacement amount calculation unit 41. At a certain time counted by the time counter 42, the displacement amount calculation unit 41 replaces the transmitted displacement amount with data that can be calculated. The replaced data is calculated as a correction value by the correction amount calculation unit 43. The correction value is stored in the storage unit 44 and sent to the adder 35 in real time. Thereby, the position command value is corrected.

つぎに、補正量算出部44における補正値の算出の仕方を説明する。   Next, how to calculate the correction value in the correction amount calculation unit 44 will be described.

図4は、一方のセンサによる変位量の測定結果を示すものである。主軸11の回転周波数は、0.02秒の間に5サイクルを行う250Hzである。変位量は、約±1μである。図5は、図4に示すデータをフーリエ解析したものである。主軸の回転周波数が250Hzであるときに、その1/2倍の125Hzが非同期変位を生じさせる周波数である。250Hzが主軸11の回転周波数で、そのときの振幅が0.3μであり、その回転周波数の1/2倍の125Hzのときの振幅が0.07μであることを示している。非同期変位を生じさせる周波数の瞬時データの値は、周期をもって変動する。例えば、主軸11の回転周波数の1/2倍周波数である125Hzののデータを時間毎にFFT分析を行い、そのデータに含まれている正弦波の周期および変位変動量を求める。測定データの時間経過を、図6に示す。ここでは、周期は1秒、最大変位変動量は、±0.3μとなっている。また、図6では、2つのセンサにそれぞれ基づいて求められた周期および変位変動量が示されている。求められた正弦波から、将来のある時間における変位量を予測することができるので、これを抑制するように補正値が求められる。以上の演算結果は、タイムカウンタによってカウントされた一定時間毎に更新される。   FIG. 4 shows the measurement result of the displacement amount by one sensor. The rotation frequency of the main shaft 11 is 250 Hz for 5 cycles in 0.02 seconds. The amount of displacement is about ± 1 μm. FIG. 5 shows the Fourier analysis of the data shown in FIG. When the rotation frequency of the main shaft is 250 Hz, 125 Hz, which is 1/2 of that, is a frequency that causes asynchronous displacement. 250 Hz is the rotational frequency of the main shaft 11, and the amplitude at that time is 0.3 μm, and the amplitude at 125 Hz, which is 1/2 the rotational frequency, is 0.07 μm. The value of the instantaneous data of the frequency causing the asynchronous displacement varies with the period. For example, FFT analysis is performed on data at 125 Hz, which is a half frequency of the rotation frequency of the main shaft 11, for each time, and the period of the sine wave and the amount of displacement fluctuation included in the data are obtained. The time course of the measurement data is shown in FIG. Here, the cycle is 1 second, and the maximum displacement fluctuation amount is ± 0.3 μm. Further, FIG. 6 shows the period and the displacement fluctuation amount obtained based on the two sensors, respectively. Since a displacement amount at a future time can be predicted from the obtained sine wave, a correction value is obtained so as to suppress this. The above calculation results are updated at regular intervals counted by the time counter.

この発明による補正装置を適用する工作機械の主軸付近の縦断面図である。1 is a longitudinal sectional view in the vicinity of a main axis of a machine tool to which a correction device according to the present invention is applied. 同正面図である。It is the same front view. 同工作機械の主軸制御装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the spindle control device of the machine tool. 補正値を算出するためら用いられる変位量測定結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the displacement measurement result used in order to calculate a correction value. 同変位量をフーリエ解析した結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the result of having carried out the Fourier analysis of the displacement amount. 非同期変位が生じる回転周波数における周期と変位変動量の関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the period in the rotational frequency in which an asynchronous displacement produces, and a displacement fluctuation amount.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

11 主軸
21、22 センサ
43 補正値算出部
11 Spindle
21 and 22 sensors
43 Correction value calculator

Claims (1)

主軸の時間軸回転変位量を測定するセンサと、センサによって測定された変位量に基づいて、主軸回転周波数の1/2倍の周波数のときの変位量およびこれに含まれた正弦波の周期を算出し、算出した変位量および周期に基づいて、その変位量を打ち消すように主軸の位置指令値を補正するための補正値を算出する算出手段とを備えている主軸回転変位量補正装置。
Based on the amount of displacement measured by the sensor and the amount of displacement measured by the sensor, the amount of displacement and the period of the sine wave included in the displacement are calculated based on the displacement measured by the sensor. A spindle rotational displacement amount correction device comprising: a calculating means for calculating a correction value for correcting the position command value of the spindle so as to cancel the displacement amount based on the calculated displacement amount and cycle.
JP2005377849A 2005-12-28 2005-12-28 Apparatus for correcting amount of displacement of main shaft Withdrawn JP2007179364A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101358363B1 (en) 2012-03-30 2014-02-07 조선대학교산학협력단 Apparatus for compensating error of work machine spindle
KR101453685B1 (en) 2013-10-02 2014-10-22 주식회사 포스코 Apparatus and method for diagnosis of spindle
JP2021041516A (en) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 Method for controlling rotational vibration of rotating main spindle and main spindle device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101358363B1 (en) 2012-03-30 2014-02-07 조선대학교산학협력단 Apparatus for compensating error of work machine spindle
KR101453685B1 (en) 2013-10-02 2014-10-22 주식회사 포스코 Apparatus and method for diagnosis of spindle
JP2021041516A (en) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 Method for controlling rotational vibration of rotating main spindle and main spindle device
JP7416374B2 (en) 2019-09-13 2024-01-17 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 Rotational run-out control method of rotating spindle and spindle device

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