JP2007153940A - 液化燃料ガス組成物 - Google Patents
液化燃料ガス組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007153940A JP2007153940A JP2005347278A JP2005347278A JP2007153940A JP 2007153940 A JP2007153940 A JP 2007153940A JP 2005347278 A JP2005347278 A JP 2005347278A JP 2005347278 A JP2005347278 A JP 2005347278A JP 2007153940 A JP2007153940 A JP 2007153940A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbon
- fuel gas
- gas composition
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- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 glyceride compound Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940024546 aluminum hydroxide gel Drugs 0.000 description 3
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MJYQFWSXKFLTAY-OVEQLNGDSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-bis[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]butane-1,4-diol;(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O.C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C[C@@H](CO)[C@H](CO)CC=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 MJYQFWSXKFLTAY-OVEQLNGDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C#N TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000266618 Atriplex confertifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012137 Atriplex confertifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000207836 Olea <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021243 milk fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029305 taxis Effects 0.000 description 1
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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Abstract
【解決手段】動植物油脂および/または動物油脂由来成分を含有した炭化水素留分からなる原料油を、周期律表第6A族および第8族から選ばれる少なくとも一種類以上の金属と酸性質を有する無機酸化物を含有する水素化分解触媒と水素加圧下で接触させることにより得られる、硫黄分含有量10質量ppm以下、炭素数3の炭化水素が1.0モル%以上99.0モル%以下、炭素数4の炭化水素が1.0モル%以上99.0モル%以下である炭化水素を含有することを特徴とする液化燃料ガス組成物。
【選択図】なし
Description
わが国で使用されるLPGは、その約1/4を国内生産により、約3/4を輸入によりまかなわれている。昨今、輸入LPG供給源の多様化を図るため輸入先を広げる試みなども行なわれており、また国内生産分も製油所にて原油蒸留時に分離されるもの以外に各種石油精製プラントや石油化学工場のプラントなどからの副生物などより得られるものもあり、LPGの品質に関し必ずしも従来と同一とはいえない状況になりつつある。
しかしながらそれらはいずれも化石燃料由来のものに限定されていた。
本発明は、動植物油脂および/または動物油脂由来成分を含有した炭化水素留分を原料油として用いるものである。
また本発明は、動植物油脂および/または動物油脂由来成分を含有した炭化水素留分とを任意の比率で混合した混合油を原料油として用いるものである。
上述の原料油(動植物油脂および動植物油脂由来成分)はこれらの脂肪酸を1種または複数種有しており、原料によってその有する脂肪酸類は異なっている。例えば、ココヤシ油はラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸等の飽和脂肪酸を比較的多く有しているが、大豆油はオレイン酸、リノール酸等の不飽和脂肪酸を多く有している。
本発明の液化燃料ガス組成物はかかる炭化水素を含有するものであり、その含有割合は少なくとも1.0容量%以上であり、好ましくは20.0容量%以上、さらに好ましくは98.0容量%以上である。
なお、ここでいう105℃残渣分とは、ASTM D2158に定める方法に準拠して測定される値であるが、初期サンプル量をASTM法記載の100mLから4Lに変更し、設定温度を38℃からさらに75℃、105℃と順に変えてゆき、最終的には105℃にて残った残渣の重量を秤量することにより測定される値のことをいう。この際、各温度での保持時間はASTM法記載の5分ではなくその温度での蒸発がほぼ認められなくなるまでの十分な時間をとるものとする。
なお、ここでいう105℃残渣分のpHとは、上述の105℃残渣分の測定方法で得られた105℃残渣分に残渣分の1000倍量の蒸留水(残渣分が1mg以下の場合は1mLの蒸留水)を加え攪拌した後、水相部分のpHをpH試験紙により測定することによって得られる値のことをいう。
なお、ここでいう硫黄分とは、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPガス)−硫黄分試験方法」により測定される値を意味する。
なお、ここでいう40℃における蒸気圧とは、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPガス)−蒸気圧試験方法」により測定される値を意味する。
なお、ここでいう15℃における密度とは、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPG)−密度試験方法」により測定される値を意味する。
なお、ここでいう銅板腐食とは、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPガス)−銅板腐食試験方法」により測定される値を意味する。
動植物油脂および/または動物油脂由来成分を含有した炭化水素留分からなる原料油を周期律表第6A族および第8族から選ばれる少なくとも一種類以上の金属と酸性質を有する無機酸化物を含有する水素化分解触媒と水素加圧下で接触させることにより得られる炭化水素を用いて、実施例1および2の液化燃料ガス組成物を調製した。一方、製油所より生産されるブタン、プロパンおよび輸入ブタン、輸入プロパンを用いて、比較例1の液化燃料ガス組成物を調製した。実施例、比較例に用いた各液化燃料ガス組成物の性状を表1に示す。これらの液化燃料ガス組成物について、排出ガス試験を行い、排出ガス評価を下記の方法により実施し、その結果を表2に記した。またこれら実施例および比較例の排出CO2のライフサイクルアセスメント(LCA)を実施し、排出されるCO2を計算して表2に併記した。
(a)性状測定
プロパン、ブタン等の組成分析は、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPガス)−組成分析方法(ガスクロマトグラフ法)」により測定される値である。
105℃残渣分は、ASTM D2158に定める方法に準拠し、初期サンプル量をASTM法記載の100mLから4Lに変更し、設定温度をASTM法記載の38℃からさらに75℃、105℃と順に変えてゆき、最終的には105℃にて残った残渣の重量を秤量することにより測定される値である。
105℃残渣分のpHは、上記105℃残渣分の測定方法にて得られた105℃残渣分に残渣分の1000倍量の蒸留水(残渣分が1mg以下の場合は1mLの蒸留水)を加え攪拌した後、水相部分のpHをpH試験紙(東洋濾紙社製pH試験紙)により測定することによって得られる値である。
硫黄分含有量は、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPガス)−硫黄分試験方法」により測定される値である。
40℃における蒸気圧は、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPガス)−蒸気圧試験方法」により測定される値である。
15℃における密度は、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPG)−密度試験方法」により測定される値である。
銅板腐食は、JIS K 2240「液化石油ガス(LPガス)−銅板腐食試験方法」により測定される値である。
下記試験車両を用いて、10・15モードによる排出ガス測定を行った。排ガス試験およびCO2排出量LCAの評価結果を表2に記した。
(試験車両)
エンジン:直列4気筒
排気量:1998cc
燃料供給方式:電子制御式キャブレター
ミッション:オートマチックトランスミッション
さらにこれら実施例および比較例の排出CO2のライフサイクルアセスメント(LCA)を実施し、排出されるCO2を計算した。本実施例では燃焼時に生じるCO2についてバイオマス由来分はゼロカウントとなるため大幅なCO2削減を達成することができた。
Claims (6)
- 動植物油脂および/または動物油脂由来成分を含有した炭化水素留分からなる原料油を、周期律表第6A族および第8族から選ばれる少なくとも一種類以上の金属と酸性質を有する無機酸化物を含有する水素化分解触媒と水素加圧下で接触させることにより得られる、硫黄分含有量10質量ppm以下、炭素数3の炭化水素が1.0モル%以上99.0モル%以下、炭素数4の炭化水素が1.0モル%以上99.0モル%以下である炭化水素を含有することを特徴とする液化燃料ガス組成物。
- 動植物油脂および/または動物油脂由来成分を含有した炭化水素留分と原油等から精製された灯油留分を有する石油系炭化水素留分を任意の比率で混合した混合油からなる原料油を、周期律表第6A族および第8族から選ばれる少なくとも一種類以上の金属と酸性質を有する無機酸化物を含有する水素化分解触媒と水素加圧下で接触させることにより得られる、硫黄分含有量10質量ppm以下、炭素数3の炭化水素が1.0モル%以上99.0モル%以下、炭素数4の炭化水素が1.0モル%以上99.0モル%以下である炭化水素を含有することを特徴とする液化燃料ガス組成物。
- 原料油を、周期律表第6A族および第8族から選ばれる少なくとも一種類以上の金属を含有する水素化前処理触媒と水素加圧下で接触させた後に、前記水素化分解触媒と水素加圧下で接触させることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の液化燃料ガス組成物。
- 液化燃料ガス組成物を構成する炭化水素が、請求項1または2に記載の炭化水素および化石燃料由来の炭化水素との混合物であり、請求項1または2に記載の炭化水素を1モル%以上含むことを特徴とする液化燃料ガス組成物。
- 自動車用燃料に使用することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の液化燃料ガス組成物。
- 105℃残渣分が10質量ppm以下であり、かつ105℃残渣分のpHが6以上8以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の液化燃料ガス組成物。
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US8314274B2 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2012-11-20 | Uop Llc | Controlling cold flow properties of transportation fuels from renewable feedstocks |
CA2772939A1 (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2011-03-31 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Fuel production from feedstock containing triglyceride and/or fatty acid alkyl ester |
US8471081B2 (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2013-06-25 | Uop Llc | Production of diesel fuel from crude tall oil |
US8900443B2 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2014-12-02 | Uop Llc | Method for multi-staged hydroprocessing using quench liquid |
US8816144B2 (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2014-08-26 | Gas Technology Institute | Direct production of fractionated and upgraded hydrocarbon fuels from biomass |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH0397784A (ja) * | 1989-07-25 | 1991-04-23 | Hans Schur | 液体燃料混合物、その製造方法及び2ストロークエンジンのためのその使用 |
JPH08283748A (ja) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-10-29 | Shell Internatl Res Maatschappij Bv | 炭化水素転化方法 |
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- 2006-11-29 CN CNA2006800449993A patent/CN101341232A/zh active Pending
- 2006-11-29 WO PCT/JP2006/324306 patent/WO2007064019A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0397784A (ja) * | 1989-07-25 | 1991-04-23 | Hans Schur | 液体燃料混合物、その製造方法及び2ストロークエンジンのためのその使用 |
JPH08283748A (ja) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-10-29 | Shell Internatl Res Maatschappij Bv | 炭化水素転化方法 |
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JP4925653B2 (ja) | 2012-05-09 |
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