JP2007147146A - Deformation management method and its device for boiler tube - Google Patents

Deformation management method and its device for boiler tube Download PDF

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JP2007147146A
JP2007147146A JP2005340950A JP2005340950A JP2007147146A JP 2007147146 A JP2007147146 A JP 2007147146A JP 2005340950 A JP2005340950 A JP 2005340950A JP 2005340950 A JP2005340950 A JP 2005340950A JP 2007147146 A JP2007147146 A JP 2007147146A
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Prior art keywords
boiler
deformation
boiler tube
deformation amount
tube
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Inventor
Yasuharu Yamada
康晴 山田
Akio Kondo
明生 近藤
Kenichiro Sato
健一郎 佐藤
Sukeyoshi Sakaguchi
祐喜 坂口
Yoshihiko Yamashita
義彦 山下
Takao Sasabe
隆夫 笹部
Kazuhiko Tanaka
和彦 田中
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NAKAYAMA KYODO HATSUDEN KK
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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NAKAYAMA KYODO HATSUDEN KK
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2005340950A priority Critical patent/JP2007147146A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a deformation management means for boiler tubes capable of improving measurement work efficiency by facilitating measurement work of deformation amounts of a multiplicity of boiler tubes, and shortening work time. <P>SOLUTION: The deformation management means for boiler tubes is for measuring a deformation amount of a boiler tube in a boiler tube bank comprised by supporting it by a plurality of tube plates or the like provided at certain intervals along a longitudinal direction of a plurality of boiler tubes, and detecting a service life of the boiler tube and necessity of replacement on the basis of a measured value of the deformation amount. It is characterized by that a reference rod of a certain length is fixed for every certain range of the boiler tube bank, a distinguishable unique object is fixed for every boiler tube to surfaces of plural portions along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube, imaging of the reference rod and the unique object is carried out by a camera, and a deformation amount of each boiler tube is calculated on the basis of imaging data. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、複数のボイラ管の長手方向に沿って複数の管板などで該ボイラ管を支持してなるボイラ管群における前記ボイラ管の変形量を計測し、該変形量の計測値に基づき該ボイラ管の寿命及び交換の要否を検知するボイラ管の変形管理方法及びその装置に関する。   The present invention measures the deformation amount of the boiler tube in a boiler tube group in which the boiler tube is supported by a plurality of tube plates along the longitudinal direction of the plurality of boiler tubes, and based on the measured value of the deformation amount. The present invention relates to a boiler pipe deformation management method and apparatus for detecting the life of the boiler pipe and whether or not it is necessary to replace it.

多数のボイラ管における管外面の減肉状況を検知する技術の1つとして、特許文献1(特開平9−203616号公報)の発明が提供されている。
かかる発明においては、多数のボイラ管群の最上段の管上に敷設されたレールに沿って動くローラを有してモータにより上下方向に昇降するパンタグラフと、該パンタグラフの最下段に設置されたレーザ発生器と小型カメラを組み合わせた左右一対のセンサと、該センサを管軸方向に移動させるトラバース機構と、該センサを管間に固定するセンタリング装置とにより構成され、上下方向すべてのボイラ管群の外観検査を可能としている。
As one of the techniques for detecting the thinning state of the pipe outer surface in many boiler pipes, the invention of Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-203616) is provided.
In such an invention, a pantograph that has a roller that moves along a rail laid on the uppermost tube of a number of boiler tube groups and that is moved up and down by a motor, and a laser that is installed at the lowermost stage of the pantograph It consists of a pair of left and right sensors that combine a generator and a small camera, a traverse mechanism that moves the sensors in the direction of the tube axis, and a centering device that fixes the sensor between the tubes. Appearance inspection is possible.

特開平9−203616号公報JP-A-9-203616

しかしながら、特許文献1(特開平9−203616号公報)の技術にあっては、測定装置駆動用のモータ、最上段の管上に敷設されたレール、レール上での移動用のローラを有してモータにより上下方向に昇降するパンタグラフ、該パンタグラフの最下段に設置されたレーザ発生器と小型カメラを組み合わせた左右一対のセンサ、該センサを管軸方向に移動させるトラバース機構、該センサを管間に固定するセンタリング装置という、多数の機材で減肉状況の測定装置を構成しているため、構成部材数が多く構造が複雑で高コストとなり、またボイラ管の減肉状況を測定するものであることから、ボイラ管の変形量を定量的に測定するのは実質的に困難であり、さらには測定装置をボイラ管に沿わせて設置するので、高い場所にあるボイラ管の場合には足場等を設置する必要があり、測定作業能率が低くならざるを得ない。
等の問題点がある。
However, the technique of Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-203616) has a motor for driving a measuring device, a rail laid on the uppermost tube, and a roller for movement on the rail. A pantograph that moves up and down by a motor, a pair of left and right sensors that combine a laser generator and a small camera installed at the bottom of the pantograph, a traverse mechanism that moves the sensors in the direction of the tube axis, and the sensor between the tubes The thinning measuring device is composed of a large number of equipment, which is a centering device that is fixed to the pipe. Therefore, the number of components is large, the structure is complicated and the cost is high, and the thinning situation of the boiler pipe is measured. Therefore, it is practically difficult to quantitatively measure the amount of deformation of the boiler pipe, and furthermore, since the measuring device is installed along the boiler pipe, the boiler in the high place In the case of it is necessary to install the scaffolding and the like, the measurement work efficiency is inevitably low.
There are problems such as.

本発明はかかる従来技術の課題に鑑み、過大な変形量のボイラ管を容易に抽出可能とするとともに変形量を正確に算出でき、多くのボイラ管の全点について変形量算出用撮像データを見落とすことなく収集できてボイラ管の変形量管理の信頼性が向上せしめられ、高い場所にあるボイラ管であっても足場等を設置することなく且つ短時間で撮像データを収集可能として、多数のボイラ管の変形量の計測作業を容易化するとともに計測作業時間を短縮し、計測作業能率を向上できるボイラ管の変形管理手段を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention makes it possible to easily extract an excessive deformation amount of a boiler tube and accurately calculate the deformation amount, and overlooks imaging data for deformation amount calculation for all points of many boiler tubes. A large number of boilers can improve the reliability of boiler tube deformation amount management, and can collect imaging data in a short time without installing a scaffold etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a boiler tube deformation management means that facilitates the measurement work of the deformation amount of the pipe, shortens the measurement work time, and improves the measurement work efficiency.

本発明はかかる目的を達成するもので、複数のボイラ管を、該ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って複数の管板などで支持してなるボイラ管群における前記ボイラ管の変形量を計測して、該変形量の計測値に基づき該ボイラ管の寿命及び交換の要否を検知するボイラ管の変形管理方法であって、前記ボイラ管群を支持する部材等に一定長さの基準棒を固着するとともに、前記複数のボイラ管の長手方向に沿った複数箇所の表面に該ボイラ管毎に識別可能な特異物を固定し、カメラによって前記基準棒及び特異物を撮像し、前記撮像データに基づき前記各ボイラ管の変形量を算出することを特徴とする(請求項1)。
かかる発明において、具体的には、前記特異物を、前記各ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って形状あるいは色彩を変えて設け、前記カメラを前記ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って移動させながら前記特異物を撮像するのが好ましい(請求項2)。
The present invention achieves such an object, and measures the deformation amount of the boiler pipe in a boiler pipe group in which a plurality of boiler pipes are supported by a plurality of tube plates along the longitudinal direction of the boiler pipe. A boiler tube deformation management method for detecting the life of the boiler tube and the necessity of replacement based on the measured value of the deformation amount, and fixing a reference rod of a certain length to a member or the like supporting the boiler tube group In addition, a specific object that can be identified for each boiler tube is fixed to the surface of a plurality of locations along the longitudinal direction of the plurality of boiler tubes, the reference rod and the specific object are imaged by a camera, and based on the imaging data The deformation amount of each boiler pipe is calculated (claim 1).
In this invention, specifically, the peculiar thing is provided by changing the shape or color along the longitudinal direction of each boiler pipe, and the peculiar thing is moved while moving the camera along the longitudinal direction of the boiler pipe. Is preferably imaged (claim 2).

また、前記ボイラ管の変形管理方法に用いる装置の発明は、複数のボイラ管を、該ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って複数の管板などで支持してなるボイラ管群における前記ボイラ管の変形量を計測して、該変形量の計測値に基づき該ボイラ管の寿命及び交換の要否を検知可能に構成されたボイラ管の変形管理装置であって、前記ボイラ管群の一部にはある範囲毎に一定長さの基準棒が固着されるとともに、前記複数のボイラ管の長手方向に沿った複数箇所の表面には該ボイラ管毎に識別可能な特異物が固定され、前記各基準棒及び特異物を撮像するカメラと、該カメラからの前記基準棒及び特異物を含む撮像画像に基づき前記各ボイラ管の変形量を算出し、該変形量が許容変形量を超えたとき当該ボイラ管の交換を判定するコントローラとをそなえたことを特徴とする(請求項5)。   The invention of the apparatus used for the deformation management method of the boiler pipe is a modification of the boiler pipe in a boiler pipe group in which a plurality of boiler pipes are supported by a plurality of tube plates along the longitudinal direction of the boiler pipe. A boiler tube deformation management device configured to measure the amount and detect the life of the boiler tube and the necessity of replacement based on the measured value of the deformation amount, and a part of the boiler tube group includes A reference rod having a fixed length is fixed for each certain range, and a specific material that can be identified for each boiler tube is fixed to a plurality of surfaces along a longitudinal direction of the plurality of boiler tubes. A camera for imaging a rod and a peculiar object, and a deformation amount of each boiler tube based on a captured image including the reference rod and the peculiar object from the camera, and the boiler when the deformation amount exceeds an allowable deformation amount A controller that determines tube replacement. Characterized in that the (claim 5).

かかる発明によれば、ボイラ管群の一部に一定長さの基準棒を固着し、ボイラ管の長手方向に沿った複数箇所の表面に該ボイラ管毎に識別可能な特異物を、各ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って形状あるいは色彩を変えて固定し、カメラを前記ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って移動させながら前記基準棒及び特異物を撮像し、前記撮像データに基づき前記各ボイラ管の変形量を算出するので、複数のボイラ管毎にそれらの長手方向に沿って形状や色彩の異なる特異物を固定して、該特異物をデジタルカメラで撮像することにより、多くのボイラ管の撮像データを、ボイラ管別に容易にかつ正確に識別できるとともに、予め一定長さに設定されている基準棒の撮像データからボイラ管の変形量の座標のスケールを決めることが容易にできて、変形量の算出が容易になる。   According to this invention, a reference rod having a fixed length is fixed to a part of the boiler tube group, and each boiler is provided with a peculiar thing that can be identified for each boiler tube on a plurality of surfaces along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube. The shape or color is changed and fixed along the longitudinal direction of the tube, and the reference rod and the peculiar object are imaged while moving the camera along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube. Since the amount of deformation is calculated, imaging of many boiler tubes is performed by fixing singularities with different shapes and colors along the longitudinal direction of each of the plurality of boiler tubes and imaging the singularities with a digital camera. The data can be easily and accurately identified for each boiler tube, and it is easy to determine the coordinate scale of the deformation amount of the boiler tube from the reference rod imaging data set in advance to a certain length. Calculation It becomes easier.

これにより、例えば複数の管板毎などある範囲毎に一定長さの基準棒を固着するとともに、ボイラ管の長手方向に沿った複数箇所に該ボイラ管毎に識別可能な特異物を固定し、カメラを前記ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って移動させながら前記基準棒及び特異物を撮像するという簡単且つ低コストの装置で以って、多くのボイラ管の中から過大な変形量のボイラ管を容易に抽出できるとともに、当該ボイラ管の変形量を正確に算出できる。   Thereby, for example, while fixing a reference rod of a certain length for every certain range such as every plurality of tube plates, and fixing a specific object that can be identified for each boiler tube at a plurality of locations along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube, With a simple and low-cost device that images the reference rod and the peculiar object while moving the camera along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube, a boiler tube having an excessive deformation amount can be selected from many boiler tubes. While being able to extract easily, the deformation amount of the boiler pipe can be calculated accurately.

さらには複数のボイラ管毎にそれらの長手方向に沿って固定された特異物を撮像して変形量算出用撮像データを得るので、多くのボイラ管の全点について該変形量算出用撮像データを見落とすことなく収集でき、ボイラ管の危険箇所を見落とす懸念が皆無となって、ボイラ管の変形量管理の信頼性が向上する。   Further, since the imaging data for deformation amount calculation is obtained by imaging the specific objects fixed along the longitudinal direction for each of the plurality of boiler tubes, the imaging data for deformation amount calculation is obtained for all points of many boiler tubes. It is possible to collect without oversight, and there is no fear of overlooking the dangerous part of the boiler tube, and the reliability of the boiler tube deformation management is improved.

また、カメラをボイラ管の長手方向に沿って移動させながら基準棒及び特異物を撮像して、各ボイラ管の変形量算出用の撮像データを得ることができるので、高い場所にあるボイラ管であっても足場等を設置することなく、且つ短時間で変形量算出用撮像データを収集することができる。
これにより、多数のボイラ管の変形量の計測作業を容易化できるとともに、従来技術に比べて計測作業時間を大幅に短縮できて、計測作業能率を向上できる。
In addition, it is possible to obtain the imaging data for calculating the deformation amount of each boiler pipe while moving the camera along the longitudinal direction of the boiler pipe, and obtain the imaging data for calculating the deformation amount of each boiler pipe. Even if it exists, the imaging data for deformation amount calculation can be collected in a short time without installing a scaffold or the like.
As a result, the measurement work of the deformation amount of a large number of boiler tubes can be facilitated, and the measurement work time can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional technique, thereby improving the measurement work efficiency.

また、かかる発明において好ましくは、前記変形量の算出値に基づき前記各ボイラ管の累積変形量を算出し、該累積変形量に基づく変形履歴をボイラ管毎に検出して記憶手段に記憶せしめ、前記累積変形量が予め設定された許容累積変形量を超えたとき、当該ボイラ管の交換を判定する(請求項3)。
このように構成すれば、多くのボイラ管の変形履歴を定量的に把握できるとともに、多くのボイラ管の中から許容累積変形量を超えたボイラ管を迅速に且つ見落とすことなく抽出でき、ボイラ管の変形量管理の信頼性が向上する。
Preferably, in the invention, the cumulative deformation amount of each boiler pipe is calculated based on the calculated value of the deformation amount, the deformation history based on the cumulative deformation amount is detected for each boiler pipe, and stored in the storage means. When the cumulative deformation amount exceeds a preset allowable cumulative deformation amount, it is determined whether the boiler pipe is to be replaced (Claim 3).
With this configuration, the deformation history of many boiler tubes can be grasped quantitatively, and boiler tubes exceeding the allowable cumulative deformation amount can be extracted quickly and without oversight from many boiler tubes. The reliability of deformation amount management is improved.

また、かかる発明において好ましくは、前記変形量の算出値に基づき前記各ボイラ管の累積変形量及び該累積変形量の時間変化率を算出し、該累積変形量及び該累積変形量の時間変化率に基づく変形履歴をボイラ管毎に検出して記憶手段に記憶せしめ、前記累積変形量の時間変化率が予め設定された許容時間変化率を超えたとき、当該ボイラ管の交換を判定する(請求項4)。
このように構成すれば、各ボイラ管の累積変形量とともに累積変形量の時間変化率を定量的に監視できるので、ボイラ管毎に変形量と変形の進行速度とを同時に把握可能となり、交換時期が近づいているボイラ管を確実に抽出できる。
Preferably, in the invention, the cumulative deformation amount of each boiler pipe and the time change rate of the cumulative deformation amount are calculated based on the calculated value of the deformation amount, and the cumulative deformation amount and the time change rate of the cumulative deformation amount are calculated. The deformation history based on the above is detected for each boiler pipe and stored in the storage means, and when the time change rate of the cumulative deformation exceeds a preset allowable time change rate, the replacement of the boiler pipe is determined (invoice) Item 4).
If configured in this way, the time change rate of the accumulated deformation amount together with the accumulated deformation amount of each boiler pipe can be quantitatively monitored, so that it becomes possible to simultaneously grasp the deformation amount and the progress speed of the deformation for each boiler pipe. It is possible to reliably extract boiler tubes that are approaching.

また、かかる発明において好ましくは、前記ボイラのケーシングに覗き窓を設けるとともに、該覗き窓の外側に前記カメラを配置して、該カメラにより前記覗き窓を通して前記基準棒及び特異物を撮像可能に構成する(請求項6)。
このように構成すれば、ケーシングの覗き窓の外側に設置したカメラにより、ボイラの運転中であっても各ボイラ管の変形量算出用撮像データを容易に収集できて、ボイラの運転中におけるボイラ管の変形量管理が可能となる。
Preferably, in the invention, a viewing window is provided in the casing of the boiler, the camera is disposed outside the viewing window, and the reference rod and the peculiar object can be imaged by the camera through the viewing window. (Claim 6).
With this configuration, the camera installed outside the viewing window of the casing can easily collect the deformation amount imaging image data for each boiler pipe even during the operation of the boiler. The amount of deformation of the tube can be managed.

本発明によれば、ボイラ管の長手方向に沿った複数箇所の表面に該ボイラ管毎に識別可能な特異物を各ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って固定するとともに、複数の管板などある範囲毎に一定長さの基準棒を固着し、カメラをボイラ管の長手方向に沿って移動させながら前記基準棒及び特異物を撮像し、この撮像データに基づき各ボイラ管の変形量を算出するので、多くのボイラ管の中から過大な変形量のボイラ管を容易に抽出できるとともに、当該ボイラ管の変形量を正確に算出できる。さらには複数のボイラ管毎にそれらの長手方向に沿って固定された特異物を撮像して変形量算出用撮像データを得るので、多くのボイラ管の全点について該変形量算出用撮像データを見落とすことなく収集でき、ボイラ管の危険箇所を見落とす懸念が皆無となって、ボイラ管の変形量管理の信頼性が向上する。   According to the present invention, specific objects that can be identified for each boiler pipe are fixed along the longitudinal direction of each boiler pipe on the surfaces of a plurality of places along the longitudinal direction of the boiler pipe, and a certain range such as a plurality of tube sheets is provided. A fixed length reference rod is fixed every time, and the reference rod and the peculiar object are imaged while moving the camera along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube, and the deformation amount of each boiler tube is calculated based on this imaging data. Moreover, it is possible to easily extract an excessive deformation amount of the boiler tube from many boiler tubes, and to accurately calculate the deformation amount of the boiler tube. Further, since the imaging data for deformation amount calculation is obtained by imaging the specific objects fixed along the longitudinal direction for each of the plurality of boiler tubes, the imaging data for deformation amount calculation is obtained for all points of many boiler tubes. It is possible to collect without oversight, and there is no fear of overlooking the dangerous part of the boiler tube, and the reliability of the boiler tube deformation management is improved.

また、カメラをボイラ管の長手方向に沿って移動させながら基準棒及び特異物を撮像して、各ボイラ管の変形量算出用の撮像データを得ることができるので、高い場所にあるボイラ管であっても足場等を設置することなく、且つ短時間で変形量算出用撮像データを収集することができる。
これにより、多数のボイラ管の変形量の計測作業を容易化できるとともに従来技術に比べて計測作業時間を大幅に短縮できて、計測作業能率を向上できる。
In addition, it is possible to obtain the imaging data for calculating the deformation amount of each boiler pipe while moving the camera along the longitudinal direction of the boiler pipe, and obtain the imaging data for calculating the deformation amount of each boiler pipe. Even if it exists, the imaging data for deformation amount calculation can be collected in a short time without installing a scaffold or the like.
As a result, the measurement work of the deformation amounts of a large number of boiler tubes can be facilitated, and the measurement work time can be greatly reduced as compared with the prior art, thereby improving the measurement work efficiency.

以下、本発明を図に示した実施例を用いて詳細に説明する。但し、この実施例に記載されている構成部品の寸法、材質、形状、その相対配置などは特に特定的な記載がない限り、この発明の範囲をそれのみに限定する趣旨ではなく、単なる説明例にすぎない。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Only.

図1は、本発明の実施例に係るボイラ管の変形管理システムの全体構成を示す説明図で、(A)は断面配置図、(B)は(A)におけるA−A矢視図、(C)は(B)におけるB矢視図である。また、図2はボイラ管に固定される特異物の形状を示す模式図である。
図1において、1はボイラのケーシング、10は複数のボイラ管で、該ボイラ管10はこれの長手方向に沿って一定間隔にて設けられた複数の管板11で複数本毎に支持されて、ボイラ内部2に収納、設置されている。
前記複数のボイラ管10の長手方向に沿った複数箇所の表面には、該ボイラ管10毎に識別可能な特異物6が固定されている。該特異物6は、図2に示されるような、四角形(多角形)、円形、球形等の形状が異なるものや、赤、黄、青、黒等の単一色あるいは複数の色を模様状にしたもの等の色彩が異なるものを製作する。
1A and 1B are explanatory views showing the overall configuration of a boiler pipe deformation management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional arrangement view, FIG. C) is a B arrow view in (B). FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of a peculiar object fixed to the boiler tube.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a boiler casing, 10 is a plurality of boiler tubes, and the boiler tubes 10 are supported by a plurality of tube plates 11 provided at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction thereof. It is stored and installed in the boiler interior 2.
On the surface of a plurality of locations along the longitudinal direction of the plurality of boiler tubes 10, specific objects 6 that can be identified for each boiler tube 10 are fixed. As shown in FIG. 2, the unique object 6 has a different shape such as a quadrangle (polygon), a circle, or a sphere, or a single color or a plurality of colors such as red, yellow, blue, and black. Make something with a different color.

そして、該特異物6を、ボイラ管10毎に形状あるいは色彩を変えて取り付けてボイラ管10個々の識別を可能とするとともに、ボイラ管10単体については該ボイラ管10の長手方向に沿った複数箇所に形状あるいは色彩を変えて取り付けて個々のボイラ管10毎に長手方向位置の識別を可能としている。
また前記特異物6は、ボイラ管10の数が多いことから、必ずしもボイラ管10の全数に装着する必要はなく、ボイラ管10を複数群に分けて、その1群中で温度条件の厳しい管を選出し、当該管に特異物6を装着するようにしてもよい。
Then, the specific object 6 is attached to each boiler tube 10 by changing its shape or color to enable individual identification of the boiler tube 10, and for the boiler tube 10 alone, there are a plurality of boiler tubes 10 along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube 10. It is possible to identify the position in the longitudinal direction for each boiler tube 10 by changing the shape or color to the location.
In addition, since the number of boiler tubes 10 is large, the specific material 6 does not necessarily have to be attached to the total number of boiler tubes 10, and the boiler tubes 10 are divided into a plurality of groups, and the tubes having severe temperature conditions in one group. May be selected and the specific object 6 may be attached to the tube.

また、前記複数の管板11には、該管板11毎にあるいは適宜選択して、耐熱鋼材からなる一定長さの基準棒5が溶接によって固着されている。該基準棒5は、その長さLを予め所定値に設定して、後述するようなボイラ管10の変形量算出時のスケールとするようになっている。   A fixed length of a reference rod 5 made of heat-resistant steel is fixed to the plurality of tube plates 11 by welding for each tube plate 11 or appropriately. The reference rod 5 has a length L set in advance to a predetermined value, and serves as a scale for calculating the deformation amount of the boiler tube 10 as will be described later.

図1に戻って、3は前記各特異物6及び各基準棒5を撮像するデジタルカメラで、図示しない作業員が所持して、図のようにボイラ管10の長手方向に移動させながらボイラ管10の表面に固定されている各特異物6及び各基準棒5を撮像する。
50コントローラで、前記デジタルカメラ3から前記特異物6及び基準棒5を含むボイラ管10の撮像信号が入力され、後述する演算、制御を行って各ボイラ管10の変形量を算出する。
Returning to FIG. 1, reference numeral 3 denotes a digital camera that images each of the specific objects 6 and the reference rods 5, which is carried by a worker (not shown) and moves in the longitudinal direction of the boiler pipe 10 as shown in the figure. Each peculiar object 6 and each reference | standard stick | rod 5 currently fixed to the surface of 10 are imaged.
An image pickup signal of the boiler tube 10 including the singular object 6 and the reference rod 5 is input from the digital camera 3 by the 50 controller, and the deformation amount of each boiler tube 10 is calculated by performing calculation and control described later.

この実施例の変形例として、前記ボイラのケーシング1の複数箇所に覗き窓4を設け、該覗き窓4の外側に前記デジタルカメラ3を配置して、該デジタルカメラ3により前記覗き窓4を通してケーシング1の内側にある特異物6及び基準棒5を含むボイラ管10を撮像することも可能である。
このように構成すれば、ケーシング1の覗き窓4の外側に設置したデジタルカメラ3により、ボイラの運転中であっても各ボイラ管10の変形量算出用撮像データを容易に収集できて、ボイラの運転中におけるボイラ管10の変形量管理が可能となる。
As a modification of this embodiment, a viewing window 4 is provided at a plurality of locations on the casing 1 of the boiler, the digital camera 3 is arranged outside the viewing window 4, and the casing is passed through the viewing window 4 by the digital camera 3. It is also possible to take an image of the boiler tube 10 including the singular object 6 and the reference rod 5 inside the 1.
If comprised in this way, with the digital camera 3 installed in the outer side of the observation window 4 of the casing 1, the imaging data for deformation amount calculation of each boiler pipe | tube 10 can be easily collected even if a boiler is driving | operation, and a boiler It becomes possible to manage the amount of deformation of the boiler pipe 10 during the operation.

次に、図3に基づき前記各ボイラ管10の変形量の算出方法について説明する。
図3(A)は本発明の実施例に係るボイラ管の変形管理システムの制御ブロック線図である。
図3(A)において、前記デジタルカメラ3からの特異物6及び基準棒5を含むボイラ管10の撮像信号はコントローラ50の画像処理手段51に入力され、該画像処理手段51において撮像信号から数値信号に変換されて座標算出部52に入力される。
該座標算出部52においては、前記ボイラ管10の長手方向における特異物6の設置位置毎にボイラ管10の変位をX−Y−Z3軸座標上に配置して、該ボイラ管変位の座標配置結果を変形量算出部53に出力する。
この際において、前記デジタルカメラ3からの撮像信号には予め長さLを設定しておいた基準棒5の撮像信号が含まれているので、該基準棒5の長さを基準にして座標のスケールを決定することができる。
Next, a method for calculating the deformation amount of each boiler pipe 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3A is a control block diagram of the boiler pipe deformation management system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 3A, the imaging signal of the boiler tube 10 including the singular object 6 and the reference rod 5 from the digital camera 3 is input to the image processing means 51 of the controller 50, and the image processing means 51 calculates the numerical value from the imaging signal. It is converted into a signal and input to the coordinate calculation unit 52.
In the coordinate calculation unit 52, the displacement of the boiler tube 10 is arranged on the XYZ 3-axis coordinates for each installation position of the singular object 6 in the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube 10, and the coordinate arrangement of the boiler tube displacement is arranged. The result is output to the deformation amount calculation unit 53.
At this time, since the image pickup signal from the digital camera 3 includes the image pickup signal of the reference bar 5 having the length L set in advance, the coordinates of the reference bar 5 are set based on the length of the reference bar 5. The scale can be determined.

該変形量算出部53においては、ボイラ管の変位の座標配置とボイラ管10の取付時の変形量0(ゼロ)のときのボイラ管の座標配置との差から、各ボイラ管10の長手方向の特異物6設置位置におけるX−Y−Z3軸座標上の変形量を算出する。
該変形量算出部53で算出されたX−Y−Z3軸座標上の変形量は、交換要否判定部56及び変形履歴算出、記憶部54に出力される。
該変形履歴算出、記憶部54においては、図3(B)のような、前記変形量算出部53からのボイラ管10毎の変形量算出値を時間累積した累積変形量Sを算出するとともに、
該累積変形量の時間変化率(累積変形変化率)Nを算出する。そして該変形履歴算出、記憶部54においては、このボイラ管10毎の累積変形量S及び累積変形変化率Nを記憶するとともに、交換要否判定部56に出力する。
In the deformation amount calculation unit 53, the longitudinal direction of each boiler tube 10 is determined from the difference between the coordinate arrangement of the displacement of the boiler tube and the coordinate arrangement of the boiler tube when the deformation amount is 0 (zero) when the boiler tube 10 is attached. The deformation amount on the XYZ-axis coordinate at the position where the singular object 6 is installed is calculated.
The deformation amount on the XYZ triaxial coordinates calculated by the deformation amount calculation unit 53 is output to the replacement necessity determination unit 56 and the deformation history calculation / storage unit 54.
In the deformation history calculation and storage unit 54, as shown in FIG. 3B, a cumulative deformation amount S obtained by time-accumulating the deformation amount calculation value for each boiler pipe 10 from the deformation amount calculation unit 53 is calculated.
A time change rate (cumulative deformation change rate) N of the cumulative deformation amount is calculated. In the deformation history calculation / storage unit 54, the cumulative deformation amount S and the cumulative deformation change rate N for each boiler pipe 10 are stored and output to the replacement necessity determination unit 56.

55は変形量しきい値設定部で、図3(B)に示されるような、ボイラ管10の変形量のしきい値(許容変形量)S0及び累積変形変化率Nのしきい値(許容累積変形変化率)N0が設定されている。
そして、前記交換要否判定部56においては、前記変形量算出部53で算出された変形量または前記変形履歴算出、記憶部54で算出された累積変形量Sのいずれかが、前記変形量しきい値設定部55に設定された前記許容変形量S0を超えたボイラ管10について、当該ボイラ管10が要交換状態あるいは寿命時期にあることを判定する。
さらに該交換要否判定部56においては、前記変形履歴算出、記憶部54で算出された累積変形量の時間変化率Nが、前記変形量しきい値設定部55に設定された前記許容累積変形変化率N0を超えたボイラ管10について、当該ボイラ管10が要交換状態あるいは寿命時期にあることを判定する。
Denoted at 55 is a deformation amount threshold value setting unit, as shown in FIG. 3B, the deformation amount threshold value (allowable deformation amount) S0 of the boiler tube 10 and the threshold value of the accumulated deformation change rate N (allowable amount). Cumulative deformation change rate) N0 is set.
In the replacement necessity determination unit 56, either the deformation amount calculated by the deformation amount calculation unit 53 or the deformation history calculation or the cumulative deformation amount S calculated by the storage unit 54 is calculated as the deformation amount. With respect to the boiler pipe 10 that has exceeded the allowable deformation amount S0 set in the threshold setting unit 55, it is determined that the boiler pipe 10 is in a required replacement state or in a life time.
Further, in the replacement necessity determination unit 56, the time variation rate N of the cumulative deformation amount calculated by the deformation history calculation and storage unit 54 is the allowable cumulative deformation set in the deformation amount threshold setting unit 55. For the boiler pipe 10 that has exceeded the rate of change N0, it is determined that the boiler pipe 10 is in a state that requires replacement or is at the end of its life.

該交換要否判定部56における、ボイラ管10毎の変形量及び累積変形量S、並びに累積変形量の時間変化率Nと、それらの交換要否判定結果は表示装置7に送り込まれて表示されるとともに、ボイラ運転条件変更要否判断部57に出力される。
該ボイラ運転条件変更要否判断部57においては、前記ボイラ管10毎の変形量及び累積変形量S、並びに累積変形量の時間変化率Nと、それらの交換要否判定結果に、複数本のボイラ管10のいずれかが要交換状態あるいは寿命時期にあるとの判定があった場合において、ボイラの負荷低減、あるいはボイラの運転停止等の運転条件の変化の要否を判定し、その結果を前記表示装置7に送り込み、表示せしめる。
In the replacement necessity determination unit 56, the deformation amount and cumulative deformation amount S for each boiler tube 10, the time change rate N of the cumulative deformation amount, and the replacement necessity determination result are sent to the display device 7 and displayed. And is output to the boiler operating condition change necessity determination unit 57.
In the boiler operating condition change necessity determination unit 57, the deformation amount and cumulative deformation amount S for each of the boiler pipes 10, the time change rate N of the cumulative deformation amount, and the replacement necessity determination result thereof, When it is determined that one of the boiler tubes 10 is in a required replacement state or at the end of its life, it is determined whether it is necessary to change the operating conditions such as reducing the load on the boiler or stopping the operation of the boiler. The image is sent to the display device 7 for display.

以上のように、かかる実施例によれば、ボイラ管群の複数の管板11毎に一定長さLの基準棒5を固着し、ボイラ管10の長手方向に沿った複数箇所の表面に該ボイラ管毎に識別可能な特異物6を、各ボイラ管10の長手方向に沿って形状あるいは色彩を変えて一定間隔で固定し、デジタルカメラ3を前記ボイラ管10の長手方向に沿って移動させながら前記基準棒5及び特異物6を撮像し、この撮像データに基づき前記各ボイラ管10の変形量を算出するので、複数のボイラ管10毎にそれらの長手方向に沿って形状や色彩の異なる特異物6を一定間隔で固定して、該特異物6をデジタルカメラ3で撮像することにより、多くのボイラ管10の撮像データを、ボイラ管10別に容易にかつ正確に識別できるとともに、予め一定長さに設定されている基準棒5の撮像データからボイラ管10の変形量の座標のスケールを決めることが容易にできて、変形量の算出が容易になる。   As described above, according to such an embodiment, the reference rod 5 having a fixed length L is fixed to each of the plurality of tube plates 11 of the boiler tube group, and the surface of a plurality of locations along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube 10 is attached to the surface. The singularity 6 that can be identified for each boiler tube is fixed at regular intervals by changing the shape or color along the longitudinal direction of each boiler tube 10, and the digital camera 3 is moved along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube 10. However, since the reference rod 5 and the peculiar object 6 are imaged and the deformation amount of each boiler tube 10 is calculated based on the imaged data, the shape and color of the plurality of boiler tubes 10 are different along the longitudinal direction thereof. By fixing the singular object 6 at regular intervals and imaging the singular object 6 with the digital camera 3, the image data of many boiler tubes 10 can be easily and accurately identified for each boiler tube 10 and fixed in advance. Set to length And made from the imaging data of the reference rod 5 it easily is to determine the scale of the deformation amount of the coordinates of the boiler tubes 10 are, the amount of deformation of the calculation is facilitated.

これにより、多くのボイラ管10の中から過大な変形量のボイラ管10を容易に抽出できるとともに、当該ボイラ管10の変形量を正確に算出できる。さらには複数のボイラ管10毎にそれらの長手方向に沿って一定間隔で固定された特異物6を撮像して変形量算出用撮像データを得るので、多くのボイラ管10の全点について該変形量算出用撮像データ該ボイラ管10の変形量管理の信頼性が向上する。   Thereby, while being able to extract easily the boiler pipe 10 of an excessive deformation amount from many boiler pipes 10, the deformation amount of the boiler pipe 10 can be accurately calculated. Furthermore, since the singular object 6 fixed at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of each of the plurality of boiler tubes 10 is imaged to obtain imaging data for deformation amount calculation, the deformation of all points of many boiler tubes 10 is performed. Image data for amount calculation The reliability of deformation amount management of the boiler tube 10 is improved.

また、デジタルカメラ3をボイラ管10の長手方向に沿って移動させながら基準棒5及び特異物6を撮像して、各ボイラ管10の変形量算出用の撮像データを得ることができるので、高い場所にあるボイラ管10であっても足場等を設置することなく、且つ短時間で変形量算出用撮像データを収集することができる。
これにより、多数のボイラ管10の変形量の計測作業を容易化できるとともに従来技術に比べて計測作業時間を大幅に短縮できて、計測作業能率を向上できる。
In addition, since the digital camera 3 is moved along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube 10 and the reference rod 5 and the singular object 6 are imaged, imaging data for calculating the deformation amount of each boiler tube 10 can be obtained. Even in the boiler tube 10 at the place, it is possible to collect the deformation amount imaging data in a short time without installing a scaffold or the like.
Thereby, the measurement work of the deformation amount of many boiler pipes 10 can be facilitated, and the measurement work time can be greatly shortened as compared with the prior art, and the measurement work efficiency can be improved.

また、かかる実施例によれば、前記ボイラ管10の個々について、前記変形量の算出値に基づき累積変形量Sを算出し、該累積変形量Sに基づく変形履歴をボイラ管10毎に検出して前記変形履歴算出、記憶部54に記憶せしめ、前記累積変形量Sが予め設定された許容累積変形量S0を超えたとき、当該ボイラ管10が交換状態にあることを判定するので、多くのボイラ管10の変形履歴を定量的に把握できるとともに、多くのボイラ管10の中から許容累積変形量S0を超えたボイラ管10を迅速に且つ見落とすことなく抽出でき、該ボイラ管10の変形量管理の信頼性が向上する。   Further, according to this embodiment, for each of the boiler tubes 10, the cumulative deformation amount S is calculated based on the calculated value of the deformation amount, and the deformation history based on the cumulative deformation amount S is detected for each boiler tube 10. The deformation history is calculated and stored in the storage unit 54. When the cumulative deformation amount S exceeds a preset allowable cumulative deformation amount S0, it is determined that the boiler pipe 10 is in an exchange state. The deformation history of the boiler tube 10 can be quantitatively grasped, and the boiler tube 10 exceeding the allowable cumulative deformation amount S0 can be extracted quickly and without being overlooked from many boiler tubes 10, and the deformation amount of the boiler tube 10 Management reliability is improved.

また、かかる実施例によれば、前記変形量の算出値に基づき各ボイラ管10の累積変形量S及び該累積変形量の時間変化率Nを算出し、該累積変形量S及び該累積変形量の時間変化率Nに基づく変形履歴をボイラ管10毎に算出して前記変形履歴算出、記憶部54に記憶せしめ、前記累積変形量の時間変化率Nが予め設定された許容時間変化率N0を超えたとき、当該ボイラ管10の交換を判定するので、各ボイラ管10の累積変形量Sとともに累積変形量の時間変化率Nを定量的に監視できるので、ボイラ管10毎に変形量と変形の進行速度とを同時に把握可能となり、交換時期が近づいているボイラ管10を確実に抽出できる。   In addition, according to this embodiment, the cumulative deformation amount S of each boiler pipe 10 and the time change rate N of the cumulative deformation amount are calculated based on the calculated value of the deformation amount, and the cumulative deformation amount S and the cumulative deformation amount are calculated. The deformation history based on the time change rate N is calculated for each boiler tube 10 and stored in the deformation history calculation and storage unit 54. The time change rate N of the accumulated deformation amount is set to a preset allowable time change rate N0. When exceeding, since the replacement of the boiler pipe 10 is determined, the time change rate N of the cumulative deformation amount together with the cumulative deformation amount S of each boiler pipe 10 can be monitored quantitatively. At the same time, it is possible to reliably extract the boiler pipe 10 whose replacement time is approaching.

本発明によれば、過大な変形量のボイラ管を容易に抽出できるとともに、当該ボイラ管の変形量を正確に算出でき、多くのボイラ管の全点について変形量算出用撮像データを見落とすことなく収集できて、ボイラ管の変形量管理の信頼性が向上せしめられ、高い場所にあるボイラ管であっても足場等を設置することなく且つ短時間で変形量算出用撮像データを収集することを可能として、これにより、多数のボイラ管の変形量の計測作業を容易化できるとともに計測作業時間を短縮でき計測作業能率を向上できるボイラ管の変形管理手段を提供できる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to easily extract an excessively large amount of deformation of a boiler tube, accurately calculate the amount of deformation of the boiler tube, and without overlooking deformation amount imaging data for all points of many boiler tubes. It is possible to collect and improve the reliability of boiler tube deformation management, and to collect imaging data for deformation calculation in a short time without installing a scaffold etc. even in a boiler tube in a high place. As a result, it is possible to provide a deformation management means for the boiler tube that can facilitate the measurement work of the deformation amounts of a large number of boiler tubes, reduce the measurement work time, and improve the measurement work efficiency.

本発明の実施例に係るボイラ管の変形管理システムの全体構成を示す説明図で、(A)は断面配置図、(B)は(A)におけるA−A矢視図、(C)は(B)におけるB矢視図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole structure of the deformation | transformation management system of the boiler pipe concerning the Example of this invention, (A) is a cross-sectional arrangement | positioning drawing, (B) is an AA arrow line view in (A), (C) is ( It is a B arrow directional view in B). 前記実施例におけるボイラ管に固定される特異物の形状を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape of the peculiar thing fixed to the boiler pipe | tube in the said Example. 前記実施例に係るボイラ管の変形管理システムの制御ブロック線図である。It is a control block diagram of the deformation | transformation management system of the boiler pipe which concerns on the said Example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 ケーシング
2 ボイラ内部
3 デジタルカメラ
4 覗き窓
5 基準棒
6 特異物
10 ボイラ管
11 管板
50 コントローラ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 2 Boiler inside 3 Digital camera 4 Viewing window 5 Reference | standard rod 6 Peculiar thing 10 Boiler tube 11 Tube plate 50 Controller

Claims (6)

複数のボイラ管を、該ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って複数の管板で支持してなるボイラ管群における前記ボイラ管の変形量を計測して、該変形量の計測値に基づき該ボイラ管の寿命及び交換の要否を検知するボイラ管の変形管理方法であって、前記ボイラ管群を支持する部材等に一定長さの基準棒を固着するとともに、前記複数のボイラ管の長手方向に沿った複数箇所の表面に該ボイラ管毎に識別可能な特異物を固定し、カメラによって前記基準棒及び特異物を撮像し、前記撮像データに基づき前記各ボイラ管の変形量を算出することを特徴とするボイラ管の変形管理方法。   The amount of deformation of the boiler tube in a boiler tube group in which a plurality of boiler tubes are supported by a plurality of tube plates along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube is measured, and the boiler tube is based on the measured value of the amount of deformation. A boiler tube deformation management method for detecting the life and necessity of replacement of the boiler tube, and fixing a reference rod of a certain length to a member or the like that supports the boiler tube group, and in the longitudinal direction of the plurality of boiler tubes Fixing a peculiar thing that can be identified for each boiler pipe on the surface of a plurality of locations along the surface, imaging the reference rod and the peculiar thing with a camera, and calculating a deformation amount of each boiler pipe based on the imaging data A feature of the boiler tube deformation management method. 前記特異物を、前記各ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って形状あるいは色彩を変えて一定間隔で設け、前記カメラを前記ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って移動させながら前記特異物を撮像することを特徴とする請求項1記載のボイラ管の変形管理方法。   The peculiar object is provided at regular intervals by changing the shape or color along the longitudinal direction of each boiler tube, and the peculiar object is imaged while moving the camera along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube. The boiler pipe deformation management method according to claim 1. 前記変形量の算出値に基づき前記各ボイラ管の累積変形量を算出し、該累積変形量に基づく変形履歴をボイラ管毎に検出して記憶手段に記憶せしめ、前記累積変形量が予め設定された許容累積変形量を超えたとき、当該ボイラ管の交換を判定することを特徴とする請求項1記載のボイラ管の変形管理方法。   The cumulative deformation amount of each boiler pipe is calculated based on the calculated value of the deformation amount, the deformation history based on the cumulative deformation amount is detected for each boiler pipe and stored in the storage means, and the cumulative deformation amount is preset. The boiler pipe deformation management method according to claim 1, wherein when the allowable cumulative deformation amount is exceeded, replacement of the boiler pipe is determined. 前記変形量の算出値に基づき前記各ボイラ管の累積変形量及び該累積変形量の時間変化率を算出し、該累積変形量及び該累積変形量の時間変化率に基づく変形履歴をボイラ管毎に検出して記憶手段に記憶せしめ、前記累積変形量の時間変化率が予め設定された許容時間変化率を超えたとき、当該ボイラ管の交換を判定することを特徴とする請求項1記載のボイラ管の変形管理方法。   The cumulative deformation amount of each boiler pipe and the time change rate of the cumulative deformation amount are calculated based on the calculated value of the deformation amount, and the deformation history based on the cumulative deformation amount and the time change rate of the cumulative deformation amount is calculated for each boiler pipe. The replacement of the boiler pipe is determined when the time change rate of the accumulated deformation amount exceeds a preset allowable time change rate. Deformation management method for boiler tubes. 複数のボイラ管を、該ボイラ管の長手方向に沿って複数の管板で支持してなるボイラ管群におけるボイラ管の変形量を計測して、該変形量の計測値に基づき該ボイラ管の寿命及び交換の要否を検知可能に構成されたボイラ管の変形管理装置であって、前記ボイラ管群の一部にはある範囲毎に一定長さの基準棒が固着されるとともに、前記複数のボイラ管の長手方向に沿った複数箇所の表面には該ボイラ管毎に識別可能な特異物が固定され、前記各基準棒及び特異物を撮像するカメラと、該カメラからの前記基準棒及び特異物を含む撮像画像に基づき前記各ボイラ管の変形量を算出し、該変形量が許容変形量を超えたとき当該ボイラ管の交換を判定するコントローラとをそなえたことを特徴とするボイラ管の変形管理装置。   Measuring the amount of deformation of the boiler tube in a boiler tube group in which a plurality of boiler tubes are supported by a plurality of tube plates along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube, and based on the measured value of the amount of deformation, A boiler tube deformation management device configured to be capable of detecting the life and necessity of replacement, wherein a fixed length of a reference rod is fixed to each part of the boiler tube group, and the plurality A unique object that can be identified for each boiler tube is fixed to the surface of a plurality of locations along the longitudinal direction of the boiler tube, and the reference rod and the camera for imaging the unique object, the reference rod from the camera, and A boiler tube comprising: a controller that calculates a deformation amount of each boiler tube based on a captured image including a peculiar object, and that determines replacement of the boiler tube when the deformation amount exceeds an allowable deformation amount. Deformation management device. 前記ボイラのケーシングに覗き窓を設けるとともに、該覗き窓の外側に前記カメラを配置して、該カメラにより前記覗き窓を通して前記基準棒及び特異物を撮像可能に構成したことを特徴とする請求項5記載のボイラ管の変形管理装置。
A configuration in which a viewing window is provided in the casing of the boiler, the camera is disposed outside the viewing window, and the reference rod and the peculiar object can be imaged through the viewing window by the camera. 5. The boiler tube deformation management apparatus according to 5.
JP2005340950A 2005-11-25 2005-11-25 Deformation management method and its device for boiler tube Pending JP2007147146A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6386543U (en) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-06
JPH09203616A (en) * 1996-01-25 1997-08-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Tube shape measuring apparatus
JPH11173839A (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-07-02 Moritex Corp Deformation state analyzer for structure or the like and data recorder and data analyzer used for the same
JP2002016906A (en) * 2000-06-30 2002-01-18 Toshiba Corp Long-term continuous monitoring system and method for long-term continuous monitoring using monitoring camera

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6386543U (en) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-06
JPH09203616A (en) * 1996-01-25 1997-08-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Tube shape measuring apparatus
JPH11173839A (en) * 1997-12-16 1999-07-02 Moritex Corp Deformation state analyzer for structure or the like and data recorder and data analyzer used for the same
JP2002016906A (en) * 2000-06-30 2002-01-18 Toshiba Corp Long-term continuous monitoring system and method for long-term continuous monitoring using monitoring camera

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