JP2007145196A - Power circuit for wheel loaded electrical equipment - Google Patents

Power circuit for wheel loaded electrical equipment Download PDF

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JP2007145196A
JP2007145196A JP2005342880A JP2005342880A JP2007145196A JP 2007145196 A JP2007145196 A JP 2007145196A JP 2005342880 A JP2005342880 A JP 2005342880A JP 2005342880 A JP2005342880 A JP 2005342880A JP 2007145196 A JP2007145196 A JP 2007145196A
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voltage
switch
power
point
electrical component
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Sakae Senda
栄 千田
Masanori Toyofuku
雅宣 豊福
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Bridgestone Corp
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Bridgestone Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power circuit for wheel loaded electrical equipment capable of stably functioning the electrical equipment even when electric power from an electric wave is weak without causing extensive cost increase. <P>SOLUTION: This power circuit 10 for the wheel loaded electrical equipment is furnished with a receiving antenna 1 to receive the electric wave as alternating current electric power, a rectifier 2 to covert this alternating current electric power to a direct current, an electric charger 3 to store the rectified electric power and a switch 11 to connect and disconnect supply of the stored electric power to the electrical equipment 13. This switch 11 is constituted to transfer to the cut-out state from an electrified state when voltage V<SB>x</SB>immediately before the switch is lower than first voltage V<SB>1</SB>higher than the lowest working voltage of the electrical equipment 13 and to transfer to the electrified state from the cut-out state when the voltage immediately before the switch is higher than second voltage V<SB>2</SB>which is higher than the first voltage V<SB>1</SB>. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、車輪に取り付けられ車輪に関する情報を処理する電装品に、外部から受信した電波の電力を電源として供給する電源回路に関し、特に、電波からの電力が弱くても効率的に電力を供給できるものに関する。   The present invention relates to a power supply circuit that supplies electric power of a radio wave received from the outside to an electrical component that is attached to a wheel and processes information related to the wheel, and in particular, efficiently supplies power even if the power from the radio wave is weak. It relates to what can be done.

従来から、トランスポンダを取り付けたタイヤを車両に装着して、外部からの質問信号に対する回答信号として、タイヤの自己識別情報を含む情報を外部に送信することが提案されており、さらには、タイヤ内圧やタイヤの温度を検知するセンサをトランスポンダと一体的に設け、検出したこれらのセンサからのデータを回答信号として送信するものも知られている。   Conventionally, it has been proposed that a tire with a transponder attached is mounted on a vehicle and information including self-identification information of the tire is transmitted to the outside as an answer signal to an external inquiry signal. In addition, sensors that detect the temperature of tires and tires are provided integrally with a transponder, and the detected data from these sensors are transmitted as response signals.

上記のように車輪に取り付けられた、トランスポンダや各種のセンサに代表される電装品の電源は、車輪が回転するため車体側から配線等で供給することが難しく、一方、電池等を電源とした場合には、車輪を軽量にする必要性から電池の容量を大きくすることができず、電池を交換することも容易ではないので、車体側等、外部からの電波によってこれらの電装品に電力を供給することが提案されていて（例えば、特許文献１参照。）、図１に概略回路図で示すように、このような電波を利用する電源回路９０としては、受信した電波Ｅから交流を生成する受信コイル９１と、この交流を整流する整流回路９２と、整流された直流を蓄電するコンデンサ９３とで構成されており、極めてシンプルな構成とすることができ、この電源回路９０の出力が、負荷となる電送品１０に通電されている。これらの電装品３０は、これらに、所定の周期で、所定の電圧以上の電力を所定の時間だけ連続して供給することができれば、所期の機能を果たせるよう構成されている。
特開２００２−２０９３４３号公報 As mentioned above, the power supply of electrical components such as transponders and various sensors attached to the wheels is difficult to supply by wiring from the vehicle body side because the wheels rotate. In this case, the capacity of the battery cannot be increased due to the need to reduce the weight of the wheel, and it is not easy to replace the battery. As shown in the schematic circuit diagram of FIG. 1, the power supply circuit 90 that uses such radio waves generates alternating current from the received radio waves E. Receiving coil 91, a rectifying circuit 92 for rectifying the alternating current, and a capacitor 93 for storing the rectified direct current. Output has been energized electrical transmission article 10 as a load. These electrical components 30 are configured to perform their intended functions as long as they can be continuously supplied with electric power of a predetermined voltage or higher for a predetermined time in a predetermined cycle.
JP 2002-209343 A

しかしながら、電波による電力供給量が十分でない場合には、上記の条件さえも満足させられず、その結果、電装品を十分機能させることができなかった。まず、簡単な例として、電波による電力供給量が時間によらず一定であると仮定した場合について説明する。時間当たりの電力供給量が、電装品の時間当たり消費量を上回っているときには、電装品には常時、必要な電力を供給することができるので問題はないが、時間当たりの電力供給量が、電装品の時間当たりの消費量を下回った場合には、図２に、横軸に時間tを、縦軸に、電装品３０への供給電圧Vxをとったグラフとして示すように、電波からの電力は電荷としてコンデンサ９３に蓄電されてゆきコンデンサ９３の両端間の電圧Vxは二次関数的に上昇してゆくが、この電圧Vxが、電装品３０の最低作動電圧Vnに達すると、電装品３０は作動を開始し電力を消費し始め、この消費量は供給量より多いから、蓄電されていたコンデンサ９３の電荷は減少し、電圧はすぐに最低作動電圧Vnを下回り電力を消費しなくなる。そうすると、コンデンサ９３は再び蓄電を開始し、電圧Vxは上昇して再び最低作動電圧Vnに達して電力の消費を開始し、また最低作動電圧Vnを下回る。そして、この作動を何回も繰り返し、いわゆるハンチング現象を発生させ、その結果、所定の時間、連続して電装品に電力を供給し続けることができなくなってしまう。 However, when the amount of power supplied by radio waves is not sufficient, even the above conditions cannot be satisfied, and as a result, the electrical components cannot be sufficiently functioned. First, as a simple example, a case will be described in which it is assumed that the amount of power supplied by radio waves is constant regardless of time. When the power supply per hour exceeds the hourly consumption of electrical components, there is no problem because the necessary power can be supplied to the electrical components at all times, but the power supply per hour is When the amount of electric equipment consumed per hour is below the time, as shown in FIG. 2 as a graph with time t on the horizontal axis and voltage V x supplied to the electric equipment 30 on the vertical axis, Is stored in the capacitor 93 as an electric charge, and the voltage V x across the capacitor 93 rises in a quadratic function. This voltage V x reaches the minimum operating voltage V n of the electrical component 30. Then, the electrical component 30 starts operating and starts consuming electric power, and since this consumption amount is larger than the supply amount, the stored electric charge of the capacitor 93 decreases, and the voltage immediately falls below the minimum operating voltage V n. No longer consumes. Then, the capacitor 93 is a power storage starts again to start the power consumption of the reached voltage V x is increased to minimum operating voltage V n again, also below the minimum operating voltage V n. This operation is repeated many times to generate a so-called hunting phenomenon, and as a result, it becomes impossible to continuously supply power to the electrical component for a predetermined time.

次に、より具体的な例について説明する。図３は、回転する車輪１３に取り付けられた電装品３０に電力供給用の電波を発信する発信器１２が車両のタイヤハウスに取り付けられている状態を示す概念図であり、発信器１２は電波を放射する方向がθの範囲に限定されていて、電装品は車輪の狭い回転角度範囲にあるときにだけ電波を受信できるように構成され、そのため、受信した電波によって励起される電流Iiは、図４（ａ）に示すように断続的になる。一方、電装品３０で消費される電流Ioは、もし電圧が、最低作動電圧Vn以上である場合には、時間当たり一定量の電荷が消費されることになる。このような条件下における、電装品３０への供給電圧Vxの時間変化は、図４（ｂ）に示すようになる。すなわち、電圧が上昇して電装品３０の最低作動電圧Vnに到達すると、電力供給量が消費量を上回るまでハンチングを繰り返し、電力供給量が消費量を上回る期間t1の間は、コンデンサ９３に電荷は貯められてゆき、その結果、電圧Vxは上昇するが、消費しながらの充電であるため、充電量は少なく、すぐに電圧VxはVnにまで低下して、電装品３０に電力を連続的に供給できる時間はt1と短くなってしまい、特に、車両の高速走行時には連続充電期間が短くなるため、電装品３０を機能させることができず問題となっていた。 Next, a more specific example will be described. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which a transmitter 12 that transmits a radio wave for supplying power to an electrical component 30 attached to a rotating wheel 13 is attached to a tire house of the vehicle. Is limited to a range of θ, and the electrical component is configured to receive radio waves only when the wheel is in a narrow rotation angle range. Therefore, the current Ii excited by the received radio waves is It becomes intermittent as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the current Io consumed by the electrical component 30 consumes a certain amount of charge per hour if the voltage is equal to or higher than the minimum operating voltage Vn. In these conditions, the time variation of the supply voltage V x to electrical equipment 30 is as shown in Figure 4 (b). That is, when the voltage reaches the minimum operating voltage V n of the electric component 30 rises, repeated hunting to the power supply amount exceeds the consumption during the period t 1 the power supply amount exceeds the consumption, the capacitor 93 As a result, the voltage V x increases, but as a result of charging while consuming, the amount of charge is small, and the voltage V x immediately decreases to V n , and the electrical component 30 The time during which electric power can be continuously supplied is as short as t 1, and the continuous charging period is particularly shortened when the vehicle is traveling at high speed, which makes it impossible to function the electrical component 30.

この対応策としては、発信器の電波を強くする等の手段はあるものの、いずれも、多大のコストアップを招き、採用することが難しいものであった。   As countermeasures for this, although there are means such as strengthening the radio waves of the transmitter, all of them have caused a great cost increase and are difficult to adopt.

本発明は、このような問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、大幅なコストアップを招くことなく、電波からの電力が弱くとも安定的に電装品を機能させることのできる車輪搭載電装品用電源回路を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and for a wheel-mounted electrical component that can cause the electrical component to function stably even when power from a radio wave is weak, without incurring a significant cost increase. An object is to provide a power supply circuit.

＜１＞は、車輪に取り付けられ車輪に関する情報を処理する電装品に、外部から受信した電波の電力を電源として供給する電源回路において、
電波を交流電力として受信する受信アンテナと、この交流電力を直流に変換する整流器と、整流された電力を蓄電する充電器と、蓄電された電力の前記電装品への供給を断接するスイッチとを具え、前記スイッチを、スイッチの直前の電圧が前記電装品の最低作動電圧より高い第一の電圧V1を下回ったとき、通電状態から遮断状態に移行し、スイッチの直前の電圧が第一の電圧V1より高い第二の電圧V2を上回ったとき、遮断状態から通電状態に移行するよう構成してなる車輪搭載電装品用電源回路である。 <1> is a power supply circuit that supplies electric power of a radio wave received from outside to an electrical component that is attached to a wheel and processes information about the wheel,
A receiving antenna that receives radio waves as AC power, a rectifier that converts this AC power into DC, a charger that stores rectified power, and a switch that connects and disconnects the supply of the stored power to the electrical component comprising, the switch, when the voltage of the previous switch is below a minimum operating first voltages V 1 higher than the voltage of the electrical equipment, the process proceeds to the cutoff state from the conduction state, immediately before the voltage is first of switches This is a power circuit for a wheel-mounted electrical component that is configured to shift from an interrupted state to an energized state when the voltage exceeds a second voltage V 2 that is higher than the voltage V 1 .

＜２＞は、＜１＞において、前記スイッチを断接する制御回路として、２つの電圧信号を入力するそれぞれの入力端子と、これらの電圧信号の大小関係に応じた信号を出力する出力端子とを有する電圧比較器を用い、この制御回路を、電圧比較器から出力される信号で前記スイッチの断接を制御するよう構成してなる車輪搭載電装品用電源回路である。   <2> is a control circuit for connecting and disconnecting the switch according to <1>, and includes: an input terminal that inputs two voltage signals; and an output terminal that outputs a signal corresponding to the magnitude relationship between these voltage signals. The wheel-mounted electrical component power supply circuit is configured to control the connection / disconnection of the switch by a signal output from the voltage comparator.

＜３＞は、＜２＞において、前記電圧比較器の入力端子の一方に所定電圧を生成する電圧生成手段の出力端を接続するとともに、前記スイッチの直前の点P1に抵抗R1を、前記スイッチの直後の点P2に抵抗R2を、接地点P3に抵抗R3を、それぞれ接続し、抵抗R1の点P1と反対側の端、抵抗R2の点P2と反対側の端、抵抗R3の点P3と反対側の端、および、前記電圧比較器の入力端子の他方を相互に接続して、前記スイッチを断接する制御回路を構成してなる車輪搭載電装品用電源回路である。 <3> is connected to the output terminal of the voltage generation means for generating a predetermined voltage at one of the input terminals of the voltage comparator in <2>, and a resistor R 1 is connected to the point P 1 immediately before the switch, Conversely the resistor R 2 to the point P 2 immediately after the switch, the resistor R 3 to the grounding point P 3, respectively connected, a point P 1 of the resistor R 1 opposite end, the point P 2 of the resistor R 2 side end, P 3 and opposite end points of the resistor R 3, and, by connecting the other input terminal of the voltage comparator mutually wheel mounted electric consisting constitute disconnects control circuit the switch Product power circuit.

＜４＞は、＜１＞〜＜３＞のいずれかにおいて、車輪の回転に伴って車軸の周りを回転し、車軸周りの所定方位内でしか前記外部からの電波を受信できないように取り付けられた電装品に近接して配置される車輪搭載電装品用電源回路である。   <4> is attached in any one of <1> to <3> such that it rotates around the axle as the wheel rotates, and can receive radio waves from the outside only within a predetermined direction around the axle. This is a power circuit for a wheel-mounted electrical component that is disposed close to the electrical component.

＜１＞によれば、蓄電された電力の電装品への供給を断接するスイッチを具え、このスイッチを、スイッチの直前の電圧が前記電装品の最低作動電圧より高い第一の電圧V1を下回ったとき、通電状態から遮断状態に移行し、スイッチの直前の電圧が第一の電圧V1より高い第二の電圧V2を上回ったとき、遮断状態から通電状態に移行するよう構成したので、詳細を後述するように、電圧のハンチングを防止するとともに、連続給電時間を長くすることができる。 According to <1>, a switch for connecting and disconnecting the supply of the stored electric power to the electrical component is provided, and the switch is connected to the first voltage V 1 whose voltage immediately before the switch is higher than the minimum operating voltage of the electrical component. When the voltage is lower, the power is switched from the energized state to the cut-off state, and when the voltage just before the switch is higher than the second voltage V 2 higher than the first voltage V 1 As will be described in detail later, voltage hunting can be prevented and the continuous power supply time can be lengthened.

＜２＞によれば、前記スイッチを断接する制御回路として、２つの電圧信号を入力するそれぞれの入力端子と、これらの電圧信号の大小関係に応じた信号を出力する出力端子とを有する電圧比較器を用いるので、電圧比較器を、例えば、オペアンプ等で構成することによって、電源回路を安価でかつコンパクトにすることができる。   According to <2>, as a control circuit for connecting and disconnecting the switch, a voltage comparison having respective input terminals for inputting two voltage signals and an output terminal for outputting a signal corresponding to the magnitude relationship between these voltage signals Therefore, the power supply circuit can be made inexpensive and compact by configuring the voltage comparator with, for example, an operational amplifier.

＜３＞によれば、電圧比較器の入力端子の一方に所定電圧を生成する電圧生成手段の出力端を接続するとともに、前記スイッチの直前の点P1に抵抗R1を、前記スイッチの直後の点P2に抵抗R2を、接地点P3に抵抗R3を、それぞれ接続し、抵抗R1の点P1と反対側の端、抵抗R2の点P2と反対側の端、抵抗R3の点P3と反対側の端、および、前記電圧比較器の入力端子の他方を相互に接続して、前記スイッチを断接する制御回路を構成したので、詳細を後述するように、単一の電圧を生成するだけで、スイッチの直前の電圧を、スイッチの断接状態に応じて、高い第一の電圧V1もしくは第二の電圧V2のいずれに対しても比較することができ、制御回路を簡易に構成し電源回路を一層安価にすることができる。 According to <3>, the output terminal of the voltage generating means for generating a predetermined voltage is connected to one of the input terminals of the voltage comparator, and the resistor R 1 is connected to the point P 1 immediately before the switch, and immediately after the switch The resistor R 2 is connected to the point P 2 , the resistor R 3 is connected to the ground point P 3 , the end opposite to the point P 1 of the resistor R 1 , the end opposite to the point P 2 of the resistor R 2 , Since the control circuit for connecting and disconnecting the switch is configured by connecting the other end of the resistor R 3 opposite the point P 3 and the other input terminal of the voltage comparator, the details will be described later. By simply generating a single voltage, the voltage just before the switch can be compared to either the high first voltage V 1 or the second voltage V 2 depending on the switch connection / disconnection state. In addition, the control circuit can be configured simply and the power supply circuit can be made more inexpensive.

＜４＞によれば、車輪の回転に伴って車軸の周りを回転し、車軸周りの所定方位内でしか前記外部からの電波を受信できないように取り付けられた電装品に近接して配置されていても機能するよう構成したので、発信器の取付の自由度を高めることができる。   <4> According to <4>, it is arranged in the vicinity of the electrical component attached so as to rotate around the axle with the rotation of the wheel and receive the external radio wave only within a predetermined direction around the axle. However, since it is configured to function, the degree of freedom in mounting the transmitter can be increased.

本発明の実施形態について、図に基づいて説明する。図５は、実施形態の電源回路を示す回路図であり、この電源回路１０は、外部から発信される電波Ｅを交流電力として受信する受信アンテナ１と、この交流電力を直流に変換する整流器２と、整流された電力を蓄電する充電器３と、蓄電された電力の電装品３０への供給を断接するスイッチ１１とを具える。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the power supply circuit of the embodiment. The power supply circuit 10 includes a receiving antenna 1 that receives radio waves E transmitted from the outside as AC power, and a rectifier 2 that converts the AC power into DC. And a charger 3 that stores the rectified power, and a switch 11 that connects and disconnects the supply of the stored power to the electrical component 30.

そして、スイッチ１１は、スイッチ１１の直前の電圧Vxが電装品３０の最低作動電圧より高い第一の電圧V1を下回ったとき通電状態から遮断状態に移行し、スイッチ１１の直前の電圧Vxが第一の電圧V1より高い第二の電圧V2を上回ったとき遮断状態から通電状態に移行するよう制御される。スイッチ１１を制御する制御回路２０は、電圧比較器４と、所定電圧を生成する電圧生成手段５とを具えて構成され、電圧比較器４は、２つの電圧信号V0、Vyを入力するそれぞれの入力端子４ａ、４ｂと、これらの電圧信号V0、Vyの大小関係に応じた信号を出力する出力端子４ｃとを有し、入力端子４ａには、電圧生成手段５の出力端が接続される。 The switch 11 shifts from the energized state to the cut-off state when the voltage V x immediately before the switch 11 falls below the first voltage V 1 higher than the lowest operating voltage of the electrical component 30, and the voltage V immediately before the switch 11 is changed. When x exceeds a second voltage V 2 higher than the first voltage V 1, control is performed so as to shift from the cutoff state to the energized state. The control circuit 20 that controls the switch 11 includes a voltage comparator 4 and voltage generation means 5 that generates a predetermined voltage. The voltage comparator 4 receives two voltage signals V 0 and V y . Each of the input terminals 4a and 4b has an output terminal 4c that outputs a signal corresponding to the magnitude relationship between the voltage signals V 0 and V y , and the output terminal of the voltage generating means 5 is connected to the input terminal 4a. Connected.

ここで、電圧比較器４を、ＬＳＩ（図示せず）の一部で構成し、ＬＳＩのレギュレート電圧を、電圧生成手段５による電圧とすることができる。   Here, the voltage comparator 4 can be constituted by a part of an LSI (not shown), and the regulated voltage of the LSI can be a voltage generated by the voltage generating means 5.

また、スイッチ１１の直前の点P1には抵抗R1が、前記スイッチの直後の点P2には抵抗R2が、接地点P3には抵抗R3が、それぞれ接続され、抵抗R1の点P1と反対側の端、抵抗R2の点P2と反対側の端、抵抗R3の点P3と反対側の端、および、電圧比較器４の他方の入力端子４ｂは点P4で相互に接続される。 Further, the point P 1 of the previous switch 11 resistor R 1 is a point P 2 immediately after the switch resistance R 2, the ground point P 3 is the resistance R 3, are connected, the resistor R 1 point point P 1 between the opposite end, the end opposite point P 2 of the resistor R 2, the end opposite the point P 3 of the resistor R 3, and the other input terminal 4b of the voltage comparator 4 They are connected to each other by P 4.

電圧比較器４は、入力端子４ａの電圧V0より、入力端子４ｂの電圧Vyが高いときには、スイッチ１１を「開」の状態にし、逆に入力端子４ａの電圧V0より、入力端子４ｂの電圧Vyが低いときには、スイッチ１１を「閉」の状態となるよう作動する。 When the voltage V y at the input terminal 4b is higher than the voltage V 0 at the input terminal 4a, the voltage comparator 4 sets the switch 11 to the “open” state, and conversely, from the voltage V 0 at the input terminal 4a, the input terminal 4b. When the voltage Vy is low, the switch 11 is operated to be in the “closed” state.

ここで、スイッチ１１の直前の点P1における電圧Vxを、一旦上昇させたあと下降させたときの入力端子４ｂにおける電圧Vyの時間変化を、図６の模式図を参照して以下に説明する。 Here, the voltage V x at the point P 1 of the previous switch 11, once the time variation of the voltage V y at the input terminal 4b obtained while after lowering was increased, in the following with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG. 6 explain.

スイッチ１１が開いているときの入力端子４ｂにおける電圧Vy（=Vy1）は、点P1における電圧Vxを用いて式（１）で表すことができ、同様にして、スイッチ１１が開いているときの電圧Vy（=Vy2）は、式（２）で表すことができる。

Figure 2007145196
Figure 2007145196
 ただし、
Figure 2007145196
 The voltage V y (= V y1 ) at the input terminal 4b when the switch 11 is open can be expressed by equation (1) using the voltage V x at the point P 1. Similarly, the switch 11 is open. The voltage V y (= V y2 ) can be expressed by the equation (2).
Figure 2007145196
Figure 2007145196
 However,
Figure 2007145196

ここで、R1はR4より大きいから、Vy1＜Vy2が成立する。 Here, since R 1 is larger than R 4 , V y1 <V y2 is established.

図６（ａ）は、Vxの時間変化を示すグラフであり、図６（ｂ）は、Vxの変化に伴う電圧Vyの時間変化を示すグラフである。スイッチ１１が開いた状態では、Vy= Vy1であり、電圧Vxを、図６（ａ）における点Ｒから上昇させ始めると、Vyも、図６（ｂ）における点Aからスタートして、式（１）に従って上昇し、Vy1がV0を越えた時点（点B）で、電圧比較器４は、先に説明した作動にしたがって、スイッチ１１を閉じる。このときの電圧Vxは、図６（ａ）における点Ｓに対応し、その値をV2とすると、V2は、式（１）から明らかなように、予め設定した電圧V0を用いて、式（４）で表すことができる。 6 (a) is a graph showing the time variation of V x, FIG. 6 (b) is a graph showing the time variation of the voltage V y with changes in V x. When the switch 11 is open, V y = V y1 , and when the voltage V x starts to rise from the point R in FIG. 6A , V y also starts from the point A in FIG. 6B. Thus, when the voltage rises according to the equation (1) and V y1 exceeds V 0 (point B), the voltage comparator 4 closes the switch 11 according to the operation described above. The voltage V x at this time corresponds to the point S in FIG. 6A, and when the value is V 2 , V 2 uses a preset voltage V 0 as is apparent from the equation (1). And can be represented by the formula (4).

Figure 2007145196
Figure 2007145196

スイッチ１１が、電圧比較器４からの信号によって閉じられたあとの電圧Vyは、式（１）のVy1から式（２）のVy2に遷移するので、Vy1＜Vy2であることから、図６（ｂ）の点Bから点Cに移動する。その後、Vxが点Sから点Tに向かって変化する間、VyはVy2であり、式（２）に従って変化する。そして、VyがV0を下回った時点（点D）で、電圧比較器４は、先に説明した作動にしたがって、スイッチ１１を開く。このときの電圧Vxは、図６（ａ）における点Ｔに対応し、その値をV1とすると、V1は、予め設定した電圧V0を用いて、式（５）で表すことができる。 Since the voltage V y after the switch 11 is closed by the signal from the voltage comparator 4 transitions from V y1 in the equation (1) to V y2 in the equation (2), V y1 <V y2 From point B to point C in FIG. Thereafter, while V x changes from point S toward point T, V y is V y2 and changes according to equation (2). Then, at the point in time when V y falls below V 0 (point D), the voltage comparator 4 opens the switch 11 according to the operation described above. The voltage V x at this time corresponds to the point T in FIG. 6A, and when the value is V 1 , V 1 can be expressed by Expression (5) using a preset voltage V 0. it can.

Figure 2007145196
Figure 2007145196

スイッチ１１が、電圧比較器４からの信号によって開かれたあとの電圧Vyは、式（２）のVy2からVy1に遷移するので、Vy1＜Vy2であることから、図６（ｂ）の点Ｄから点Ｅに移動する。その後、Vxが点Ｔから点Ｕまで変化する間、電圧Vyは、式（１）に従って、点Ｅから点Ｆ間で変化する。 Since the voltage V y after the switch 11 is opened by the signal from the voltage comparator 4 transitions from V y2 to V y1 in the equation (2), V y1 <V y2 , so FIG. Move from point D to point E in b). Thereafter, while V x changes from point T to point U, voltage V y changes from point E to point F according to equation (1).

以上の説明から明らかなように、スイッチ１１は、それが開放している状態で、スイッチ１１の直前の電圧がV2を越えて上昇したとき、導通するよう作動し、それが閉じている状態では、スイッチ１１の直前の電圧VxがV1を越えて下降したとき、遮断するよう作動する。そして、R4はR1より小さいので、式（４）、（５）より、電圧V2は電圧V1よりも高い。 As is clear from the above description, the switch 11 operates to conduct when the voltage just before the switch 11 rises above V 2 in the open state, and is in the closed state. so when the voltage V x of the previous switch 11 is lowered beyond the V 1, it operates to shut off. Since R 4 is smaller than R 1 , the voltage V 2 is higher than the voltage V 1 from the equations (4) and (5).

以上に説明したように機能するスイッチ制御回路２０とスイッチ１１と用いたときの、電装品３０に供給される電圧に変化について説明する。図７は、電波からの供給電力が時間によらず一定と仮定した場合の電圧の時間変化を示すグラフであり、電波から一定の電力Ｅが供給され始めると、電波からの電力が電荷としてコンデンサ３に蓄電されてゆくので電圧Vxは二次関数的に上昇してゆく。そして、この電圧Vxが、電装品３０の最低作動電圧Vyを越えてもスイッチ１１は閉じているので、電圧Vxは引き続き上昇し、先ほど説明したように式（４）で表される電圧V2を越えた時点で、スイッチが閉じて電装品３０に電力が供給され始め、消費電力が供給電力を上回っているので電圧Vxは二次関数的に減少して行き、式（５）で表される電圧V1より低下したらスイッチ１１が開き、電装品への電力の供給を停止する。 A change in the voltage supplied to the electrical component 30 when the switch control circuit 20 and the switch 11 functioning as described above are used will be described. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the time change of voltage when it is assumed that the power supplied from the radio wave is constant regardless of the time. When the constant power E starts to be supplied from the radio wave, the power from the radio wave becomes a capacitor as a charge. The voltage Vx rises in a quadratic function because it is stored in 3. Even if this voltage V x exceeds the minimum operating voltage V y of the electrical component 30, the switch 11 is closed, so that the voltage Vx continues to rise, and the voltage represented by the equation (4) as described above. When V 2 is exceeded, the switch closes and power is supplied to the electrical component 30, and since the power consumption exceeds the supplied power, the voltage Vx decreases in a quadratic function. switch 11 When lower than voltages V 1 represented opens and stops the power supply to the electrical components.

それ以降、電波からの電力の供給は続くので、電圧Vxは、電圧V2を越えるまで上昇する。そして、このサイクルを繰り返すので、図７を図２に比較すると明らかなように、電圧Vnの前後をハンチングすることなく、期間t2の間電力を供給し続けることができる。 Since then, the subsequent power supply from the radio wave, the voltage Vx rises to exceed a voltage V 2. Since this cycle is repeated, it is possible to continue supplying power during the period t 2 without hunting before and after the voltage V n , as is apparent when comparing FIG. 7 with FIG.

次に、電装品３０が、図３に示すように、車輪１３の回転とともに車軸の周囲を回転するよう取り付けられ、電装品３０に電力供給用の電波を発信する発信器１２は、車両のタイヤハウスに取り付けられており、ただし、発信器１２は電波を放射する方向が限定されているため電装品は車輪の狭い回転角度範囲にあるときにだけ電波を受信できるように構成されている場合について説明する。このとき、受信コイル１で得られる電流Iiは、図８（ａ）に示すように断続的なものとなる。一方、消費される電流Ioは、連続的に電力を供給できる状態下では、図８（ａ）に示すように一定である。   Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the electrical component 30 is attached so as to rotate around the axle along with the rotation of the wheel 13, and the transmitter 12 that transmits electric waves for supplying power to the electrical component 30 is a vehicle tire. However, the transmitter 12 is limited in the direction in which radio waves are radiated, so that the electrical equipment is configured to receive radio waves only when the wheels are in a narrow rotation angle range. explain. At this time, the current Ii obtained by the receiving coil 1 is intermittent as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the consumed current Io is constant as shown in FIG. 8A in a state where power can be continuously supplied.

このような状況において、コンデンサ３の両端間の電圧Vxは、図８（ｂ）のように変化する。すなわち、入力する電波から電力が供給され始めると、コンデンサ３には電荷が貯まってゆくので電圧Vxも、点Gから上昇して行き、これが電装品の最低作動電圧Vy越えても、スイッチ１１は閉じられているので、電圧V2を越えるまでそのまま上昇し続ける。そして、Vxが電圧V2を上回ったとき、はじめてスイッチ１１は閉じ、電装品３０に電流が供給され始め、電圧Vxの上昇カーブは鈍る。 In such a situation, the voltage Vx across the capacitor 3 changes as shown in FIG. That is, when electric power starts to be supplied from the input radio wave, the capacitor 3 accumulates electric charge, so the voltage Vx also rises from the point G. Even if this exceeds the minimum operating voltage V y of the electrical component, the switch 11 Since is closed, it continues to rise until the voltage V 2 is exceeded. When the Vx exceeds the voltage V 2, the first switch 11 closes, current begins to be supplied to the electric component 30, rising curve of the voltage Vx is dull.

供給電流Iiと消費電流Ioとが同じになる点Ｊで電圧Vxは上昇カーブから下降カーブに転じる。そして、電圧VxがV1を下回った時点（点K）でスイッチ１１は開くので、消費電流はゼロとなりコンデンサ３の電圧はV1に保たれる。この間の電装品３０への連続給電時間はt3であり、図８（ｂ）を、図４（ｂ）に対比させると、スイッチ１１を有さない、従来の電源回路９０における連続給電時間t1に対比して、明らかに長くなっており、これは、V2がVnより十分に高いことから、スイッチ１１が導通して消費電流が流れ出すまでに電荷がより多く蓄電されたことによる。 At a point J where the supply current Ii and the consumption current Io are the same, the voltage Vx changes from a rising curve to a falling curve. Since the switch 11 is opened when the voltage Vx falls below V 1 (point K), the current consumption becomes zero and the voltage of the capacitor 3 is kept at V 1 . The continuous power supply time to the electrical component 30 during this period is t 3. When FIG. 8B is compared with FIG. 4B, the continuous power supply time t in the conventional power supply circuit 90 without the switch 11 is obtained. Compared to 1 , it is clearly longer, because V 2 is sufficiently higher than V n , so that more charge is stored before the switch 11 becomes conductive and current consumption begins to flow.

図８（ｂ）における点Kを過ぎた後、次のサイクルの電流が受信コイル１に供給され始めると、コンデンサ３への充電が開始され（点L）、点Mで、VxがV2を上回ってスイッチ１１が導通するまでそのままのカーブで電圧Vxは上昇し、スイッチ１１が導通したあとも、上昇カーブは鈍るものの最大点Ｎまで上昇する。第２サイクル以降においては、電圧がV2に到達する時点での充電電流は、図８（ａ）に示すように、第1サイクルのそれようも低いため、点Ｍから最大点Ｎまでの間が長くなるとともに、この間により多くの電荷が充電されることにより、それ以降の、電圧VxがV1を下回るまでの放電時間も長くなり、したがって、第2サイクル以降の連続給電時間は、第1サイクルのそれよりも長くなるので、第2サイクル以降の連続給電時間t4は従来のものに対比して一層長いものになる。 When the current of the next cycle starts to be supplied to the receiving coil 1 after passing the point K in FIG. 8B, charging of the capacitor 3 is started (point L), and at point M, V x becomes V 2. The voltage Vx rises in the same curve until the switch 11 is turned on, and after the switch 11 is turned on, the rise curve rises to the maximum point N although the rise curve is slow. After the second cycle, the charging current when the voltage reaches V 2 is as low as that of the first cycle as shown in FIG. In this period, more charge is charged, and the subsequent discharge time until the voltage Vx falls below V 1 also becomes longer.Therefore, the continuous power supply time after the second cycle is since longer than that of the cycle, the continuous power feed time t 4 of the second and subsequent cycles becomes even more longer compared to the conventional.

ここで、電装品としては、タイヤの識別番号や、修理履歴、タイヤ疲労履歴等の情報を記録したトランスポンダや、タイヤの内圧や温度等を検出するセンサや、さらにはこれらのセンサの機能に加えて、検出したデータを車両本体側に送信する送信機を付属したものを挙げることができる。   Here, electrical components include tire identification numbers, transponders that record information such as repair history and tire fatigue history, sensors that detect tire internal pressure and temperature, and the functions of these sensors. In addition, a transmitter with a transmitter that transmits the detected data to the vehicle body side can be cited.

本発明は、供給電力の小さな場合に有利に活用することができる。   The present invention can be advantageously used when the supplied power is small.

従来の電源回路を示す回路図である。It is a circuit diagram which shows the conventional power supply circuit. 電波の受信強度が一定の場合、従来の電源回路におけるコンデンサ出口の電圧の時間変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the time change of the voltage of the capacitor | condenser exit in the conventional power supply circuit when the receiving intensity of an electromagnetic wave is constant. 電装品の取付態様を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the attachment aspect of an electrical component. 電波の受信強度が間欠的に変化する場合、従来のコンデンサ出口の電圧の時間変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the time change of the voltage of the conventional capacitor | condenser exit, when the receiving intensity of an electromagnetic wave changes intermittently. 本発明に係る実施形態の電源回路を示す回路図である。It is a circuit diagram which shows the power supply circuit of embodiment which concerns on this invention. 電圧比較器の入力電圧の変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the change of the input voltage of a voltage comparator. 電波の受信強度が一定の場合、実施形態の電源回路におけるコンデンサ出口の電圧の時間変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the time change of the voltage of the capacitor | condenser exit in the power supply circuit of embodiment, when the receiving intensity of an electromagnetic wave is constant. 電波の受信強度が間欠的に変化する場合、実施形態の電源回路におけるコンデンサ出口の電圧の時間変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the time change of the voltage of the capacitor | condenser exit in the power supply circuit of embodiment, when the receiving intensity of an electromagnetic wave changes intermittently.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 受信コイル
２ 整流回路
３ コンデンサ
４ 電圧比較器
４ａ、４ｂ 電圧比較器の入力端子
４ｃ 電圧比較器の出力端子
５ 電圧生成手段
１０ 電源回路
１１ スイッチ
１２ 発信器
１３ 車輪
２０ スイッチ制御回路
３０ 電装品 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reception coil 2 Rectification circuit 3 Capacitor 4 Voltage comparator 4a, 4b Input terminal of voltage comparator 4c Output terminal of voltage comparator 5 Voltage generation means 10 Power supply circuit 11 Switch 12 Transmitter 13 Wheel 20 Switch control circuit 30 Electrical component

Claims (4)

車輪に取り付けられ車輪に関する情報を処理する電装品に、外部から受信した電波の電力を電源として供給する電源回路において、
電波を交流電力として受信する受信アンテナと、この交流電力を直流に変換する整流器と、整流された電力を蓄電する充電器と、蓄電された電力の前記電装品への供給を断接するスイッチとを具え、前記スイッチを、スイッチの直前の電圧が前記電装品の最低作動電圧より高い第一の電圧V1を下回ったとき、通電状態から遮断状態に移行し、スイッチの直前の電圧が第一の電圧V1より高い第二の電圧V2を上回ったとき、遮断状態から通電状態に移行するよう構成してなる車輪搭載電装品用電源回路。 In a power supply circuit that supplies electric power of a radio wave received from the outside to an electrical component that is attached to a wheel and processes information about the wheel,
A receiving antenna that receives radio waves as AC power, a rectifier that converts this AC power into DC, a charger that stores rectified power, and a switch that connects and disconnects the supply of the stored power to the electrical component comprising, the switch, when the voltage of the previous switch is below a minimum operating first voltages V 1 higher than the voltage of the electrical equipment, the process proceeds to the cutoff state from the conduction state, immediately before the voltage is first of switches A power circuit for a wheel-mounted electrical component configured to shift from a cut-off state to an energized state when a second voltage V 2 higher than the voltage V 1 is exceeded. 前記スイッチを断接する制御回路として、２つの電圧信号を入力するそれぞれの入力端子と、これらの電圧信号の大小関係に応じた信号を出力する出力端子とを有する電圧比較器を用い、この制御回路を、電圧比較器から出力される信号で前記スイッチの断接を制御するよう構成してなる請求項１に記載の車輪搭載電装品用電源回路。   As the control circuit for connecting and disconnecting the switch, a voltage comparator having respective input terminals for inputting two voltage signals and an output terminal for outputting a signal corresponding to the magnitude relationship between these voltage signals is used. The wheel mounted electrical component power circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switch is controlled to be connected / disconnected by a signal output from a voltage comparator. 前記電圧比較器の入力端子の一方に所定電圧を生成する電圧生成手段の出力端を接続するとともに、前記スイッチの直前の点P1に抵抗R1を、前記スイッチの直後の点P2に抵抗R2を、接地点P3に抵抗R3を、それぞれ接続し、抵抗R1の点P1と反対側の端、抵抗R2の点P2と反対側の端、抵抗R3の点P3と反対側の端、および、前記電圧比較器の入力端子の他方を相互に接続して、前記スイッチを断接する制御回路を構成してなる請求項２に記載の車輪搭載電装品用電源回路。 Resistance as well as connecting the output terminal of the voltage generating means for generating a predetermined voltage to one input terminal of the voltage comparator, a resistor R 1 to the point P 1 immediately before the switch, to a point P 2 immediately after the switch the R 2, a resistor R 3 to the grounding point P 3, respectively connected, the end opposite the point P 1 of the resistor R 1, a point P 2 and the other end of the resistor R 2, the point of the resistor R 3 P 3. The power circuit for a wheel-mounted electrical component according to claim 2, wherein a control circuit for connecting and disconnecting the switch is configured by mutually connecting an end opposite to 3 and the other input terminal of the voltage comparator. . 車輪の回転に伴って車軸の周りを回転し、車軸周りの所定方位内でしか前記外部からの電波を受信できないように取り付けられた電装品に近接して配置される請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の車輪搭載電装品用電源回路。

Any one of claims 1 to 3, which is disposed in the vicinity of an electrical component which is rotated around the axle as the wheel rotates and is mounted so as to receive radio waves from the outside only within a predetermined direction around the axle. A power circuit for a wheel-mounted electrical component according to claim 1.

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