JP2007136395A - Diatom adhesion material and water quality improving method using the same - Google Patents
Diatom adhesion material and water quality improving method using the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、火力発電所から排出される産業廃棄物である石炭灰（フライアッシュ）を再利用した珪藻類着生材料及びそれを用いた水質改善方法に関し、特に、河川や湖沼、海域などにおける水質を浄化することができる珪藻類着生材料材及びそれを用いた水質改善方法に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a diatomaceous epithelial material that reuses coal ash (fly ash), which is industrial waste discharged from a thermal power plant, and a water quality improvement method using the same, particularly in rivers, lakes, and marine areas. The present invention relates to a diatom epidermis material capable of purifying water quality and a water quality improvement method using the same.
河川、湖沼、海域における水質汚染要因のひとつに、水底地盤からの有機物や窒素、リンなどの栄養塩類の溶出がある。これらの溶出に対する水質浄化の代表的な対策方法として覆砂工法がある。これは、有機底質の上に天然砂や粘性土壌等を用いて略均一厚さで層を形成するもので、多くの場合天然砂を用い、栄養塩類を多量に含む底泥の上部に厚さ３０ｃｍ〜１５０ｃｍ程度に撒き出して、栄養塩類が底泥から水中へ溶出するのを防ぐようにする。覆砂工法によれば、浚渫により有機底質を除去したり、薬剤散布によりリンを不溶化したりする工法に比べ、低コストで溶出防止の効果を得ることができる。 One of the water pollution factors in rivers, lakes and marshes is the elution of organic matter, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the bottom of the ground. There is a sand-capping method as a typical countermeasure for water purification against these elutions. In this method, natural sand or viscous soil is used to form a layer with an almost uniform thickness on the organic sediment. In many cases, natural sand is used, and thick on top of the bottom mud containing a large amount of nutrients. It spreads out to a length of about 30 cm to 150 cm so that nutrient salts are prevented from eluting from the bottom mud into the water. According to the sand-capping method, the elution prevention effect can be obtained at a lower cost as compared with a method of removing organic sediment by dredging or insolubilizing phosphorus by spraying chemicals.
しかし、従来の天然砂等を覆砂材として用いた場合は、コスト面から採取した状態のままで使用せざるを得ず、覆砂を行なう場所の条件に適した覆砂材を選択することは難しいのが実情である。 However, when conventional natural sand is used as a sand-capping material, it must be used in the state collected from the cost side, and a sand-clad material suitable for the conditions of the place where sand is covered should be selected. Is difficult.
また、天然砂に代わりうる覆砂材料として、火力発電所から排出される石炭灰（フライアッシュ）を水熱化学処理して得られた人工ゼオライトをそのままか若しくは板状等に成形して用いる海域の浄化方法の発明が開示されている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。 しかし、この材料では水熱化学処理等にかなりの製造コストがかかる。通常、水底地盤の上面に覆砂層を敷設するにあたっては大量の覆砂材料を必要とするから、覆砂工事にかかる費用も多大なものになってしまう。 In addition, as a sand covering material that can be substituted for natural sand, artificial zeolite obtained by hydrothermal chemical treatment of coal ash (fly ash) discharged from a thermal power plant is used as it is or molded into a plate shape, etc. The invention of the purification method is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1). However, this material requires considerable manufacturing costs for hydrothermal chemical treatment and the like. Usually, a large amount of sand covering material is required for laying the sand covering layer on the upper surface of the water bottom ground, so that the cost for sand covering work is also great.
そこで、低コストで製造でき、かつ栄養塩類、特にリンを確実に吸着させ、覆砂される場所の底質の条件に適するように製造することができる水質浄化材料、さらに、汚染底質上の覆砂工法において、低コストで良好な覆砂性能を得ることができる覆砂工法を先に提案した（特許文献２参照）。 Therefore, a water purification material that can be produced at low cost and can be produced so as to be able to adsorb nutrients, particularly phosphorus, reliably and suit the conditions of the bottom sediment of the place where sand is covered, and further on the contaminated sediment In the sand-capping method, a sand-covering method that can obtain good sand-capping performance at low cost has been proposed previously (see Patent Document 2).
しかしながら、従来のように富栄養化物質の吸着を目的とする覆砂工法により水質改善には限界があり、水質改善を長期に亘って維持することはできないという問題がある。 However, there is a problem that the water quality improvement is limited by the sand-capping method for the purpose of adsorbing the eutrophication substance as in the prior art, and the water quality improvement cannot be maintained for a long time.
本発明は、富栄養化物質の吸着ではなく、長期的な水質改善維持効果を発揮することができる珪藻類着生材料及びこれを用いた水質改善方法を提供することを課題とする。 This invention makes it a subject to provide the water quality improvement method using this which can exhibit the long-term water quality improvement maintenance effect instead of adsorption | suction of a eutrophication substance, and this.
前記課題を解決する本発明の第１の態様は、石炭灰を含有する造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体からなることを特徴とする珪藻類着生材料にある。 The 1st aspect of this invention which solves the said subject exists in the diatom agglomerated material characterized by consisting of the granulated material, crushed material, solidified body, or molded object containing coal ash.
かかる第１の態様では、石炭灰を含有する造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体が水中における珪藻類の着生を促進し、珪藻類による富栄養化物質の吸収を図ると共に甲殻類や貝類などの水中生物の育成環境を整え、水質改善効果を長期に亘って維持することができる。 In the first aspect, the granulated product, crushed product, solidified product, or molded product containing coal ash promotes the diatoms in the water to absorb the eutrophication substance by the diatoms and the crustacean. The environment for raising aquatic organisms such as seashells and shellfish can be prepared, and the water quality improvement effect can be maintained over a long period of time.
本発明の第２の態様は、第１の態様に記載の珪藻類着生材料において、前記造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体が、石炭灰及び固化材を含有することを特徴とする珪藻類着生材料にある。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the diatomaceous agar material according to the first aspect, the granulated product, crushed product, solidified product, or molded product contains coal ash and a solidified material. It is in the diatom epiphytic material.
かかる第２の態様では、石炭灰及び固化材を含有する造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体が水中における珪藻類の着生を促進し、珪藻類による富栄養化物質の吸収を図ると共に甲殻類や貝類などの水中生物の育成環境を整え、水質改善効果を長期に亘って維持することができる。 In the second aspect, the granulated product, crushed product, solidified product, or molded product containing coal ash and the solidified material promotes the diatoms in the water to absorb the eutrophication substance by the diatoms. At the same time, the environment for raising aquatic organisms such as crustaceans and shellfish can be prepared, and the water quality improvement effect can be maintained for a long time.
本発明の第３の態様は、石炭灰を含有する造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体からなる珪藻類着生材料を水中に載置し、該珪藻類着生材料に珪藻類を着床させ、水質改善を維持することを特徴とする水質改善方法にある。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, a diatomaceous agglomerated material comprising a granulated material, a crushed material, a solidified material, or a molded body containing coal ash is placed in water, and the diatomaceous agglomerated material is treated with diatoms. There is a water quality improvement method characterized in that the water quality improvement is maintained by landing.
かかる第３の態様では、石炭灰を含有する造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体を河川、湖沼、海域などの水中に載置することにより珪藻類の着生を促進し、珪藻類による富栄養化物質の吸収を図ると共に甲殻類や貝類などの水中生物の育成環境を整え、水質改善効果を長期に亘って維持することができる。 In the third aspect, diatoms are promoted by placing granulated, crushed, solidified or molded bodies containing coal ash in water such as rivers, lakes, and seas, It is possible to absorb the eutrophication substance by, and to prepare a breeding environment for aquatic organisms such as crustaceans and shellfish, and to maintain the water quality improvement effect for a long time.
本発明の第４の態様は、第３の態様に記載の水質改善方法において、前記造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体が、石炭灰及び固化材を含有することを特徴とする水質改善方法にある。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the water quality improvement method according to the third aspect, the granulated product, crushed product, solidified product or molded product contains coal ash and a solidified material. There is an improvement method.
かかる第４の態様では、石炭灰及び固化材を含有する造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体を河川、湖沼、海域などの水中に載置することにより珪藻類の着生を促進し、珪藻類による富栄養化物質の吸収を図ると共に甲殻類や貝類などの水中生物の育成環境を整え、水質改善効果を長期に亘って維持することができる。 In the fourth aspect, diatoms are promoted by placing a granulated product, a crushed product, a solidified product, or a molded product containing coal ash and a solidified material in water such as a river, a lake, or a marine area. In addition, absorption of eutrophication substances by diatoms can be achieved, and a breeding environment for aquatic organisms such as crustaceans and shellfish can be prepared, and the water quality improvement effect can be maintained for a long time.
本発明の第５の態様は、第３又は４の態様に記載の水質改善方法において、前記珪藻類着生材料を砂又は珪藻土と共に水中に載置することを特徴とする水質改善方法にある。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the water quality improvement method according to the third or fourth aspect, the diatomaceous material is placed in water together with sand or diatomaceous earth.
かかる第５の態様では、前記珪藻類着生材料を砂と共に水中に載置することにより、珪藻類の着生効果が促進され、これによる富栄養化物質の吸収を図ると共に甲殻類や貝類などの水中生物の育成環境を整え、水質改善効果が早期に発現する。 In the fifth aspect, by placing the diatomaceous agglutinating material in water with sand, the diatomaceous agglutination effect is promoted, thereby absorbing the eutrophication substance, and shellfish and shellfish. The environment for raising aquatic organisms is improved, and the water quality improvement effect is manifested at an early stage.
本発明は、石炭灰を含有する造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体からなる珪藻類着生材料を用いることにより、単なる富栄養化物質の吸着ではなく、珪藻類を着床させて珪藻類による富栄養化物質の吸収を図ると共に甲殻類や貝類などの水中生物の育成環境を整え、水質改善を図ることにより、長期的な水質改善維持効果を発揮することができるという効果を奏する。また、本発明によると、珪藻類の選択的な着生を図ることで珪藻類を卓越種とすることができ、赤潮や青潮のような他の有害藻類の発生を抑制するという効果を奏する。 In the present invention, by using a diatomaceous agglomerated material composed of granulated material, crushed material, solidified material, or molded product containing coal ash, diatoms are not simply adsorbed but diatoms are implanted. By absorbing eutrophication substances by diatoms and preparing a growing environment for aquatic organisms such as crustaceans and shellfish, and improving water quality, there is an effect that long-term water quality improvement maintenance effect can be exhibited. . In addition, according to the present invention, diatoms can be made a dominant species by selectively growing diatoms, and there is an effect of suppressing the generation of other harmful algae such as red tide and blue tide. .
以下、本発明を実施形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments.
本発明に係る珪藻類着生材料は、例えば、火力発電所から産業廃棄物として廃棄される石炭灰を使用する。さらに石炭灰の中でも、火力発電所からの排気前に電気集塵機で捕集されるフライアッシュを用いることが、珪藻類の着生効果の観点から望ましい。 For example, coal ash that is discarded as industrial waste from a thermal power plant is used as the diatomaceous epithelial material according to the present invention. Further, among coal ash, it is desirable to use fly ash collected by an electric dust collector before exhausting from a thermal power plant from the viewpoint of the effect of diatom onset.
珪藻類着生材料は、石炭灰好ましくはフライアッシュのみを造粒、固化したもの、又はフライアッシュに固化材等を混合した材料を造粒した造粒、固化若しくは成形した造粒物、固化体又は成形体、さらには上述した固化体又は成形体を破砕した破砕体などの形態を有している。 Diatomaceous agglomerated material is granulated, solidified or molded granulated, solidified or molded granulated material consisting of coal ash, preferably fly ash only, or solidified material. Or it has forms, such as a crushing object etc. which crushed a forming object, a solidified object, or a forming object mentioned above.
造粒、固化又は成形にあたってはセメント等の固化材および水と混合するが、石炭灰、特にフライアッシュは保水性が悪く、造粒、固化、成形、特に造粒にあたっては、固化材と水に保水材、さらには、砂、砂利、砕石等も加えるようにしてもよい。これらをミキサに投入して室温付近で攪拌・混合して造粒、固化又は成形する。 In granulation, solidification or molding, it is mixed with solidification material such as cement and water, but coal ash, especially fly ash, has poor water retention, and in granulation, solidification, molding, especially granulation, solidification material and water are mixed. You may make it add a water retention material and also sand, gravel, crushed stone, etc. These are put into a mixer and agitated and mixed near room temperature to granulate, solidify or form.
造粒、固化又は成形するにあたっては、石炭灰に事前に何らかの化学的処理を加えることなく電気集塵機から回収したままを用いることが望ましい。造粒物、固化体、成形体の製造コストを低く抑えることが可能となるからである。 When granulating, solidifying, or forming, it is desirable to use the coal ash recovered from the electric dust collector without any chemical treatment in advance. This is because the production cost of the granulated product, solidified product, and molded product can be kept low.
使用できる固化材としてはセメントまたはセメントと二水石膏が、保水材としてはベントナイトや海水性若しくは淡水性の浚渫粘土または笠岡粘土などの粘性土が、それぞれ安定して造粒物、固化体又は成形体を製造する観点から望ましい。保水材として特に好ましいのはベントナイトである。 Cement or cement and dihydrate gypsum can be used as the solidification material, and viscous soil such as bentonite, seawater or freshwater dredged clay or Kasaoka clay can be used as the water retention material. It is desirable from the viewpoint of manufacturing the body. Bentonite is particularly preferable as the water retaining material.
なお、各成分の配合割合は特に限定されないが、石炭灰と固化材等とを配合する場合には、石炭灰が１０〜９０重量部、好ましくは３０重量部以上、さらに好ましくは５０重量部以上含有されるようにするのが望ましい。石炭灰がこの範囲より少ないと、珪藻類の着生効果が顕著に発現しない傾向がでてくるからである。 The blending ratio of each component is not particularly limited. However, when coal ash and a solidified material are blended, the coal ash is 10 to 90 parts by weight, preferably 30 parts by weight or more, more preferably 50 parts by weight or more. It is desirable to make it contain. This is because if the amount of coal ash is less than this range, the diatom settlement effect does not remarkably appear.
固化材は、２重量部以上１５重量部以下であることが望ましい。２重量部以上で材料に必要とされる強度を得ることができ、１５重量部以下で造粒、固化、成形時に用いるミキサの出口で造粒物が付着するトラブルが発生しにくくなり、造粒物、固化体等の取扱いが容易となるからである。より望ましくは７重量部以上１３重量部以下であり、さらに望ましくは９重量部以上１１重量部以下である。 The solidifying material is desirably 2 parts by weight or more and 15 parts by weight or less. The strength required for the material can be obtained at 2 parts by weight or more, and when it is 15 parts by weight or less, the trouble that the granulated material adheres at the outlet of the mixer used at the time of granulation, solidification and molding is less likely to occur This is because the handling of objects, solidified bodies and the like becomes easy. More desirably, it is 7 parts by weight or more and 13 parts by weight or less, and further desirably 9 parts by weight or more and 11 parts by weight or less.
固化材に二水石膏を含む場合は、二水石膏が７重量部以上１０重量部以下となるように配合することが望ましい。７重量部以上で他の固化材量の使用量を減少せしめて製造コストを抑制でき、１０重量部以下で造粒、固化、成形が安定に行える。 When dihydrate gypsum is included in the solidifying material, it is desirable to blend so that the dihydrate gypsum is 7 parts by weight or more and 10 parts by weight or less. When the amount is 7 parts by weight or more, the amount of the other solidifying material used can be reduced to suppress the manufacturing cost, and when it is 10 parts by weight or less, granulation, solidification, and molding can be stably performed.
保水材は５重量部以下で加えることが望ましい。５重量部以下で造粒時の付着トラブルが生じにくくなり取扱いが容易となる。より望ましくは４重量部以下である。また、保水材を用いないで造粒、固化、成形することも可能であるが、加えたほうが造粒、固化、成形がより安定となりやすい。そのためさらに望ましくは２重量部以上３重量部以下である。 It is desirable to add the water retaining material at 5 parts by weight or less. If it is 5 parts by weight or less, adhesion troubles during granulation hardly occur and handling becomes easy. More desirably, it is 4 parts by weight or less. In addition, granulation, solidification, and molding can be performed without using a water retaining material, but when added, granulation, solidification, and molding tend to be more stable. Therefore, it is more desirably 2 parts by weight or more and 3 parts by weight or less.
また、保水材の他、一般にコンクリートに使用する砂、砂利、砕石等を含有させてもよく、これらの配合割合は一般的なコンクリート成形体と同様でよい。 In addition to the water retaining material, sand, gravel, crushed stone, etc. generally used for concrete may be contained, and the blending ratio thereof may be the same as that of a general concrete molded body.
したがって、フライアッシュを含有するコンクリート成形体の廃棄物等も本発明の珪藻類着生材料とすることができ、勿論、コンクリート成形体の破砕物も同様に本発明の珪藻類着生材料とすることができる。 Therefore, the waste of the concrete molded body containing fly ash can also be used as the diatomaceous material of the present invention. Of course, the crushed material of the concrete molded body is also used as the diatomaceous material of the present invention. be able to.
なお、水は、造粒、固化又は成形が安定となり、粒子の強度が必要な範囲に入るように加えればよい。 Water may be added so that granulation, solidification, or molding becomes stable and the strength of the particles falls within a necessary range.
本発明の珪藻類着生材料は、テトラポットなどの大型のコンクリート成形体でもよいが、表面積を大きくするためには、例えば、直径が１〜５０ｍｍ程度のビーズ状の粒状物や破砕物の方が好ましい。なお、後述するように砂と共に水中に載置する場合には、造粒物や粉砕物を用いるのが好ましい。 The diatomaceous material of the present invention may be a large concrete molded body such as a tetrapot. However, in order to increase the surface area, for example, a bead-like granular material or a crushed material having a diameter of about 1 to 50 mm. Is preferred. In addition, when mounting in water with sand so that it may mention later, it is preferable to use a granulated material and a ground material.
次に、本発明の珪藻類着生材料を用いた水質改善方法について説明する。 Next, the water quality improvement method using the diatomaceous agar material of the present invention will be described.
本発明に係る水質改善方法では、上述した石炭灰を含有する造粒物、破砕物、固化体又は成形体からなる珪藻類着生材料を、水質改善を目的とする河川、湖沼、海域などの水中に載置すればよい。これにより、シリカを主成分とした石炭灰を含有する珪藻類着生材料に珪藻類を着床させ、水質改善効果を長期に亘って維持することができる。珪藻類の着生は載置した水中の環境によっても異なるが、通常、２０日前後で着生が目視できるようになる。すなわち、珪藻類着生材料を用いることにより、単なる富栄養化物質の吸着ではなく、珪藻類を着床させて珪藻類による富栄養化物質の吸収を図ると共に甲殻類や貝類などの水中生物の育成環境を整え、水質改善を図ることにより、長期的な水質改善維持効果を発揮することができる。また、かかる方法によると、珪藻類の選択的な着生を図ることで珪藻類を卓越種とすることができ、赤潮や青潮のような他の有害藻類の発生を抑制することができる。 In the water quality improvement method according to the present invention, the above-mentioned diatomaceous agglomerated material composed of granulated material, crushed material, solidified product or molded product containing coal ash is used for rivers, lakes, sea areas, etc. for the purpose of improving water quality. What is necessary is just to mount in water. Thereby, diatoms can be deposited on the diatomaceous agglutinating material containing coal ash whose main component is silica, and the water quality improvement effect can be maintained over a long period of time. The diatom growth is different depending on the underwater environment, but usually the growth can be visually observed in about 20 days. In other words, by using diatomaceous agglomerated materials, diatoms are not simply adsorbed, but diatoms are implanted to absorb the eutrophications by diatoms and to absorb aquatic organisms such as crustaceans and shellfish. By improving the breeding environment and improving water quality, long-term water quality improvement maintenance effect can be exhibited. Moreover, according to this method, diatoms can be made the dominant species by selectively growing diatoms, and the generation of other harmful algae such as red tide and blue tide can be suppressed.
また、本発明に係る水質改善方法においては、珪藻類着生材料を砂又は珪藻土と共に水中に載置することにより、珪藻類の着生をさらに促進することができる。珪藻類の着生環境がさらに整うからである。特に珪藻土は、珪藻類の死骸が堆積したものであるので、珪藻類の育成環境がさらに整い、珪藻類を卓越種とすることができる。 Moreover, in the water quality improvement method which concerns on this invention, the diatom growth can be further accelerated | stimulated by mounting a diatom growth material in water with sand or diatomaceous earth. This is because the environment for diatom growth is further improved. In particular, diatomaceous earth is a deposit of dead diatoms, so that the diatom growth environment is further improved and diatoms can be used as the dominant species.
さらに、本発明では、珪藻類、特に付着性珪藻類を予め着床させた珪藻類着生材料を、珪藻類が着床していない珪藻類着生材料と共に水中に載置するようにしてもよい。これにより、珪藻類の着生がさらに促進される。 Furthermore, in the present invention, a diatomaceous epithelial material on which diatoms, particularly adherent diatoms are preliminarily deposited, may be placed in water together with a diatomaceous epithelial material on which diatoms are not deposited. Good. This further promotes diatom seedling.
以下、実施例を用いて、本発明を具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
（製造実施例１）
火力発電所の電気集塵機から回収された石炭灰（フライアッシュ）を用い、石炭灰８３重量部、普通ポルトランドセメント１４重量部及び保水材３重量部と、これら材料に対して水２５重量％とをドラム横置型ミキサに投入し、攪拌羽根を８３ｒｐｍで、チョッパーを１５００ｒｐｍで５分間運転してほぼ球状で粒径が約１〜５ｍｍの造粒物を形成した。次に、この造粒物をミキサから取り出し、２０℃で２８日間乾燥して目的とする造粒物を得た。
(Production Example 1)
Using coal ash (fly ash) collected from the electric dust collector of the thermal power plant, 83 parts by weight of coal ash, 14 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement and 3 parts by weight of water retention material, and 25% by weight of water based on these materials The mixture was put into a drum horizontal mixer, and a stirring blade was operated at 83 rpm and a chopper was operated at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes to form a granulated product having a substantially spherical shape and a particle size of about 1 to 5 mm. Next, this granulated product was taken out from the mixer and dried at 20 ° C. for 28 days to obtain the intended granulated product.
（製造実施例２）
火力発電所の電気集塵機から回収された石炭灰（フライアッシュ）を用い、石炭灰８３重量部、普通ポルトランドセメント１４重量部及び保水材３重量部と、これら材料に対して水２５重量％とをドラム横置型ミキサに投入し、攪拌羽根を８３ｒｐｍで、チョッパーを１５００ｒｐｍで５分間運転してほぼ球状で粒径が約１〜４０ｍｍの造粒物を形成した。次に、この造粒物をミキサから取り出し、２０℃で２８日間乾燥して目的とする造粒物を得た。
(Production Example 2)
Using coal ash (fly ash) collected from the electric dust collector of the thermal power plant, 83 parts by weight of coal ash, 14 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement and 3 parts by weight of water retention material, and 25% by weight of water based on these materials The mixture was put into a drum horizontal mixer, and a stirring blade was operated at 83 rpm and a chopper was operated at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes to form a granulated product having a substantially spherical shape and a particle size of about 1 to 40 mm. Next, this granulated product was taken out from the mixer and dried at 20 ° C. for 28 days to obtain the intended granulated product.
（製造実施例３）
火力発電所の電気集塵機から回収された石炭灰（フライアッシュ）を用い、石炭灰８３重量部、普通ポルトランドセメント１４重量部及び保水材３重量部と、これら材料に対して水２５重量％とをドラム横置型ミキサに投入し、攪拌羽根を８３ｒｐｍで、チョッパーを１５００ｒｐｍで５分間運転してほぼ球状で粒径が約５〜４０ｍｍの造粒物を形成した。次に、この造粒物をミキサから取り出し、２０℃で２８日間乾燥して目的とする造粒物を得た。
(Production Example 3)
Using coal ash (fly ash) collected from the electric dust collector of the thermal power plant, 83 parts by weight of coal ash, 14 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement and 3 parts by weight of water retention material, and 25% by weight of water based on these materials The mixture was put into a drum horizontal mixer, and a stirring blade was operated at 83 rpm and a chopper was operated at 1500 rpm for 5 minutes to form a granulated product having a substantially spherical shape and a particle size of about 5 to 40 mm. Next, this granulated product was taken out from the mixer and dried at 20 ° C. for 28 days to obtain the intended granulated product.
（着生実施例１）
製造実施例１の造粒物と砂とを５０：５０で混合して海中に載置し、１０日後、載置した領域の近傍での珪藻類個体数を測定した。この結果を図１に示す。
(Deposition example 1)
The granulated product of Production Example 1 and sand were mixed at 50:50 and placed in the sea. Ten days later, the number of diatoms in the vicinity of the placed region was measured. The result is shown in FIG.
（着生実施例２）
製造実施例２の造粒物を海中に載置し、１０日後、載置した領域の近傍での珪藻個体数を測定した。この結果を図１に示す。
(Establishment example 2)
The granulated product of Production Example 2 was placed in the sea, and after 10 days, the number of diatoms in the vicinity of the placed region was measured. The result is shown in FIG.
（着生実施例３）
製造実施例３の造粒物と砂とを５０：５０で混合して海中に載置し、１０日後、載置した領域の近傍での珪藻類個体数を測定した。この結果を図１に示す。
(Deposition example 3)
The granulated product of Production Example 3 and sand were mixed at 50:50 and placed in the sea, and after 10 days, the number of diatoms in the vicinity of the placed region was measured. The result is shown in FIG.
（比較例）
着生実施例１〜３の海域に隣接する領域の珪藻類個体数を、着生実験を行う前（事前調査）及び１０日後に測定した。この結果を図１に示す。
(Comparative example)
The number of diatom individuals in the region adjacent to the sea area of the settlement examples 1 to 3 was measured before performing the settlement experiment (preliminary survey) and after 10 days. The result is shown in FIG.
（着生試験結果）
図１から明らかなように、本発明の珪藻類着生材料を用いた着生実施例１〜３では、在来地盤のままである比較例と比較して、珪藻類個体数が有意に多く、珪藻類着生性能があることが確認された。また、珪藻類着生材料と共に砂を用いた着生実施例１及び３では、砂を用いなかった着生実施例２と比較して珪藻類個体数が著しく多く、珪藻類着生材料と共に砂を用いると珪藻類の着生が著しく促進されることが確認された。
(Results of the completion test)
As can be seen from FIG. 1, in Examples 1 to 3 using the diatom epithelial material of the present invention, the number of diatoms is significantly larger than that of the comparative example that remains in the native ground. It was confirmed that there was a diatom growth performance. In addition, in Examples 1 and 3 in which sand is used together with a diatomaceous material, the number of diatoms is significantly larger than that in Example 2 in which no sand is used. It was confirmed that diatoms were remarkably promoted by using.
本発明は、水質改善、環境改善を、長期に亘って維持できるものであり、広く、海域、河川、湖沼の水質・環境改善に適用することができる。また、石炭灰を多く含むコンクリート成形体の廃棄物の有効利用を図る上でも期待できるものである。 The present invention can maintain water quality improvement and environmental improvement over a long period of time, and can be widely applied to water quality / environment improvement of sea areas, rivers, and lakes. In addition, it can be expected to make effective use of wastes of concrete compacts containing a lot of coal ash.
Claims (5)
5. The water quality improvement method according to claim 3, wherein the diatomaceous material is placed in water together with sand or diatomaceous earth.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012223733A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-11-15 | Hiroshima Univ | Method for improving ambient water quality |
| JP2021115552A (en) * | 2020-01-28 | 2021-08-10 | 中国電力株式会社 | Water treatment device and water treatment method |
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| JP2004113885A (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-04-15 | Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The | Water decontaminating material |
| JP2005013970A (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-20 | Toshiba Corp | Eutrophication prevention system of water, and eutrophication prevention method of water |
| JP2005144371A (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-06-09 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Bottom deposit modifying material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004113885A (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-04-15 | Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The | Water decontaminating material |
| JP2005013970A (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-20 | Toshiba Corp | Eutrophication prevention system of water, and eutrophication prevention method of water |
| JP2005144371A (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-06-09 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Bottom deposit modifying material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012223733A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-11-15 | Hiroshima Univ | Method for improving ambient water quality |
| JP2021115552A (en) * | 2020-01-28 | 2021-08-10 | 中国電力株式会社 | Water treatment device and water treatment method |
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