JP2007115417A

JP2007115417A - Light carrying device

Info

Publication number: JP2007115417A
Application number: JP2005302464A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Koichi Kaiho; 幸一海宝; Satoshi Takizawa; 総滝澤; Hideo Arai; 秀雄新井; Tadashi Hane; 義羽根
Original assignee: MATERIAL HOUSE KK; Nikken Sekkei Ltd; Shimizu Construction Co Ltd; Shimizu Corp; Material House KK
Current assignee: MATERIAL HOUSE KK; Nikken Sekkei Ltd; Shimizu Construction Co Ltd; Shimizu Corp; Material House KK
Priority date: 2005-10-18
Filing date: 2005-10-18
Publication date: 2007-05-10

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light carrying device, capable of efficiently and stably propagating sun light to lower stairs of high-rise building or underground. <P>SOLUTION: The light carrying device collecting and carrying sunlight and utilizing it as an illumination light is constituted of a first reflecting mirror 1 directly receiving the sunlight 5a, while changing its direction, in accordance with the position of the sun, and reflecting it as a parallel light in a prescribed direction, a second reflection mirror 3 directly receiving the parallel light 1b reflected at the first reflecting mirror 1 and re-reflecting the received light as a parallel light in a prescribed direction, and a light duct 4 collecting and carrying the parallel light 3b reflected at the second reflection mirror 3 and utilizing it as an illumination light. A light collection opening 4a of the light duct is located, at a position where the sunlight does not directly reach, at least during a part of the period of day time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、太陽光（自然光）を建物内部に導き、室内などを安定した光量で照明する光搬送装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an optical transport device that guides sunlight (natural light) into a building and illuminates a room or the like with a stable light amount.

近年、二酸化炭素の排出削減による環境保護の必要性が注目されており、この要望に応えるための手段の一つとして、内面を反射率の高い部材で構成した光ダクトを介して太陽光を室内に取り込み、照明用光源として利用する光ダクト装置が各種提案されている（例えば特許文献１、２）。この光ダクト装置は、太陽光エネルギーを電気などの他のエネルギーに変換せずにそのまま利用するため、エネルギー利用効率が高く、省エネルギーや二酸化炭素排出削減に貢献できる。 In recent years, the need for environmental protection by reducing carbon dioxide emissions has attracted attention. As one means for meeting this demand, sunlight is transmitted indoors through a light duct whose inner surface is made of a highly reflective member. Various types of optical duct devices have been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Since this optical duct device uses solar energy as it is without converting it into other energy such as electricity, it has high energy utilization efficiency and can contribute to energy saving and carbon dioxide emission reduction.

光ダクト装置は、図２（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように、内面が反射面で構成された光ダクト８の採光口４ａから太陽光５ａを採り入れ、光ダクト４内を搬送し、光ダクト４の光取り出し口４ｂから室内６に出射する装置である（特許文献１）。
光取り出し口４ｂの形状は、矩形の他、所定幅の連続した形状など任意であり、光取り出し口４ｂの取り付け位置は、光ダクト４の下側、両サイドなど任意である。
図２（ａ）において、７は採光を助ける反射板、８は光ダクト４を雨などから保護する保護カバーである。 As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the optical duct device takes in sunlight 5a from a lighting port 4a of an optical duct 8 whose inner surface is a reflecting surface, conveys the inside of the optical duct 4, This device emits light from the light extraction port 4b of the duct 4 into the room 6 (Patent Document 1).
The shape of the light extraction port 4b is arbitrary such as a continuous shape having a predetermined width in addition to a rectangle, and the attachment position of the light extraction port 4b is arbitrary such as the lower side of the optical duct 4 or both sides.
In FIG. 2A, reference numeral 7 denotes a reflector that assists daylighting, and 8 denotes a protective cover that protects the optical duct 4 from rain and the like.

ところで、前記光ダクト４の採光口４ａは太陽光５ａの直達光が当たる場所に配置されるが、太陽の位置が季節や時刻によって変化するため採光口４ａに取り込まれる光の量が安定しないという問題がある。そこで太陽の位置に従って向きを変化させる太陽追尾システムが考案された（特許文献２）。 By the way, although the lighting port 4a of the light duct 4 is arranged at a place where the direct light of the sunlight 5a hits, the amount of light taken into the lighting port 4a is not stable because the position of the sun changes depending on the season and time. There's a problem. Therefore, a solar tracking system that changes the direction according to the position of the sun has been devised (Patent Document 2).

前記太陽追尾システムは、図３に示すように、太陽光５ａに向けて配置させた比較的大径の第一反射膜（凹面鏡）９と、これに対向配置させた第二反射膜（凹面鏡）１０からなり、第二反射膜１０で反射された反射光１１は光ダクト１２を通過し、室内６に出射される。前記両反射膜９、１０は、双方の焦点を一致させて対向配置させてあるので第二反射膜１０で反射された光は平行光となって出射する。そのため空間を搬送しても拡散がなく長距離搬送が可能である。
第一反射膜９は、光ダクト１２ａに一体に取り付けられており、前記光ダクト１２ａは、角度を持つ光ダクト１２ｂ、１２ｃに連結されている。そして、第一反射膜９は、光ダクト１２ｂ、１２ｃを回転制御することにより太陽を二軸追尾する。図３で１３は反射板、１４は回転伝達ジャバラである。 As shown in FIG. 3, the solar tracking system has a relatively large-diameter first reflecting film (concave mirror) 9 disposed toward the sunlight 5a and a second reflecting film (concave mirror) disposed opposite thereto. 10, the reflected light 11 reflected by the second reflective film 10 passes through the optical duct 12 and is emitted into the room 6. Since both the reflection films 9 and 10 are arranged opposite to each other with their focal points coincided, the light reflected by the second reflection film 10 is emitted as parallel light. Therefore, even if the space is transported, there is no diffusion and long distance transport is possible.
The first reflective film 9 is integrally attached to an optical duct 12a, and the optical duct 12a is connected to optical ducts 12b and 12c having an angle. And the 1st reflective film 9 carries out the biaxial tracking of the sun by carrying out rotation control of the optical ducts 12b and 12c. In FIG. 3, 13 is a reflecting plate, and 14 is a rotation transmission bellows.

特開２０００−１４９６２８号公報JP 2000-149628 A 特開２００３−２４０３５６号公報JP 2003-240356 A

しかしながら、前記太陽追尾システムを高層ビルの屋上などに配置し、前記システムから出射される平行光をビル内に配置した光ダクトで搬送する場合、前記平行光は光ダクト内で屈曲するたびに減衰するため、高層ビルの下層階や地下などの搬送距離の長い場所では必要な光量が確保できず、追尾システムによる効果が十分に得られないという問題があった。
本発明は、太陽光を高層ビルの下層階や地下などに効率よく安定して搬送できる光搬送装置の提供を目的とする。 However, when the solar tracking system is arranged on the roof of a high-rise building and the parallel light emitted from the system is conveyed by an optical duct arranged in the building, the parallel light is attenuated every time it is bent in the optical duct. For this reason, there is a problem that the required amount of light cannot be ensured in a place with a long transport distance such as a lower floor of a high-rise building or a basement, and the effect of the tracking system cannot be obtained sufficiently.
An object of this invention is to provide the optical conveyance apparatus which can convey sunlight efficiently to the lower floor of a high-rise building, a basement, etc. efficiently and stably.

請求項１記載発明は、太陽光を採光し、搬送して照明に利用する光搬送装置において、前記光搬送装置は、太陽の位置に従って向きを変化させながら太陽光を直接受光し、所定の方向に平行光として反射させる一次反射鏡と、前記一次反射鏡で反射された平行光を直接受光し、所定の方向に平行光として再反射させる二次反射鏡と、前記二次反射鏡で反射された光を採光し、搬送して照明に利用する光ダクトとを含んで構成され、前記光ダクトは、その採光口が、日中の少なくとも一部の時間帯に太陽光が直接届かなくなる場所に位置していることを特徴とする光搬送装置である。 The invention according to claim 1 is an optical transport device that collects sunlight, transports it, and uses it for illumination. The light transport device directly receives sunlight while changing the direction according to the position of the sun, and has a predetermined direction. A primary reflection mirror that reflects the light as parallel light, a secondary reflection mirror that directly receives the parallel light reflected by the primary reflection mirror and re-reflects the parallel light in a predetermined direction, and is reflected by the secondary reflection mirror. And a light duct that is used to illuminate and transport the light for illumination, and the light duct is located at a place where sunlight cannot reach directly during at least part of the daytime. It is the optical conveyance apparatus characterized by being located.

請求項２記載発明は、前記光ダクトは、その採光口が、日中の少なくとも一部の時間帯に障害物の陰となる場所に位置していることを特徴とする請求項１記載の光搬送装置である。 The invention according to claim 2 is the light according to claim 1, wherein the light duct is located at a place where the light outlet is shaded by an obstacle in at least part of the daytime. It is a transport device.

請求項３記載発明は、前記光ダクトは、その採光口が、建物のボイド部分の底部又は壁部に位置していることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の光搬送装置である。 A third aspect of the present invention is the light transport device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the light duct is located at the bottom or wall of the void portion of the building.

請求項４記載発明は、前記光ダクトの拡散機能により目的の場所を略均一に照明することを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載の光搬送装置である。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optical transport device according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a target place is illuminated substantially uniformly by the diffusion function of the optical duct.

請求項５記載発明は、前記光ダクトが照明する室内に人工照明を設け、曇天、雨天、夜間など自然光が不足するときにこれを補う構造としたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の光搬送装置である。 The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that artificial lighting is provided in the room illuminated by the light duct, and the structure is made up to compensate for natural light shortage such as cloudy weather, rainy weather, and nighttime. It is a light conveying apparatus of crab.

本発明の光搬送装置は一次反射鏡、二次反射鏡、光ダクトを含んで構成され、前記一次反射鏡は太陽の位置に従って向きを変化させながら太陽光を直接受光するので太陽光を日中安定して受光できる。 The light transport device of the present invention includes a primary reflecting mirror, a secondary reflecting mirror, and an optical duct, and the primary reflecting mirror directly receives sunlight while changing the direction according to the position of the sun, so that sunlight is daylight. It can receive light stably.

前記一次反射鏡で反射された光は平行光なので拡散しない。従って二次反射鏡に光ダクトを用いずに直接受光させることができる。そして前記二次反射鏡で反射された平行光は、光ダクトの採光口に出射されるので、前記採光口は日中の少なくとも一部の時間帯に太陽からの光が直接届かなくなる場所に位置していても日中太陽光を安定して採光できる。前記採光口で採光された平行光は、光ダクト内を光ダクト内面の反射面で反射しつつ搬送され、光取り出し口から室内に出射される。 The light reflected by the primary reflecting mirror does not diffuse because it is parallel light. Therefore, the secondary reflecting mirror can receive light directly without using an optical duct. And since the parallel light reflected by the secondary reflecting mirror is emitted to the daylighting port of the light duct, the daylighting port is located in a place where the light from the sun does not reach directly during at least part of the daytime. Even in the daytime, the sunlight can be stably taken during the day. The parallel light sampled at the lighting port is conveyed while being reflected by the reflecting surface of the inner surface of the light duct, and is emitted into the room from the light extraction port.

採光口または光取り出し口に光拡散機能を持たせると、光のぎらつきなどが抑制され、目的の場所を略均一に照明することが可能になる。光拡散機能を持たせるためには拡散板を使用すればよく、その材質としては乳白色のアクリル板や半透明のすりガラス等が適している。 If the light extraction port or the light extraction port is provided with a light diffusion function, glare of light or the like is suppressed, and a target location can be illuminated substantially uniformly. In order to have a light diffusion function, a diffusion plate may be used, and a milky white acrylic plate, translucent ground glass, or the like is suitable as the material.

本発明では、一次反射鏡で反射された光は平行光なので空間を搬送しても光が拡散しない。従って一次反射鏡と二次反射鏡間での光の搬送を、光ダクトを用いずに行うことが可能であり、設備費及び工事費を削減できる。 In the present invention, since the light reflected by the primary reflecting mirror is parallel light, the light does not diffuse even if it is transported through space. Therefore, it is possible to carry light between the primary reflecting mirror and the secondary reflecting mirror without using an optical duct, and it is possible to reduce equipment costs and construction costs.

前記光ダクトが照明する室内に人工照明を設け、これを点灯することにより、曇天、雨天、夜間などで不足する自然光を補うことができる。 By providing artificial lighting in the room illuminated by the light duct and turning it on, natural light that is insufficient in cloudy weather, rainy weather, nighttime, or the like can be compensated.

本発明の光搬送装置は、例えば、図１に示すように、一次反射鏡１を高層ビル２の屋上２ａに、高層ビル外壁２ｂから突出させて配し、その真下の地上に、二次反射鏡（平面鏡）３を、高層ビル２の１階の天井裏の高さに配し、高層ビル２の1階の天井裏２ｃに配した光ダクト４の一方の開放端を採光口４ａとして外壁２ｂに位置させたものである。ここでは採光口４ａは日中の少なくとも一部の時間帯に太陽光５ａが直接届かなくなる高層ビル２の中庭２ｄに位置している。 For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the optical transport device of the present invention has a primary reflecting mirror 1 arranged on a rooftop 2 a of a high-rise building 2 so as to protrude from the outer wall 2 b of the high-rise building, and is subjected to secondary reflection on the ground directly below it. A mirror (plane mirror) 3 is arranged at the height of the ceiling behind the first floor of the high-rise building 2, and one of the open ends of the light duct 4 arranged on the ceiling behind 2c of the first floor of the high-rise building 2 is used as a lighting port 4a. 2b. Here, the daylight outlet 4a is located in the courtyard 2d of the high-rise building 2 where the sunlight 5a does not reach directly during at least part of the daytime.

前記一次反射鏡１で反射した反射光１ｂはビル外壁２ｂに沿う空間を下方に向け搬送され、二次反射鏡３で再反射し、前記採光口４ａから光ダクト４内に導かれ、光ダクト４の光取り出し口４ｂから室内６に出射される。一次反射鏡１の反射面１ａで反射された光は平行光なので、空間を減衰せずに二次反射鏡３に直接搬送される。 The reflected light 1b reflected by the primary reflecting mirror 1 is conveyed downward along the space along the outer wall 2b of the building, re-reflected by the secondary reflecting mirror 3, and guided into the light duct 4 from the lighting port 4a. 4 from the light extraction port 4b. Since the light reflected by the reflecting surface 1a of the primary reflecting mirror 1 is parallel light, it is directly conveyed to the secondary reflecting mirror 3 without attenuating the space.

追尾する太陽の位置の求め方としては、所在地、向き、日時から数式により理論的に導き出す方法、或いは光センサーにより太陽位置を検出する方法（例えば、特開平５−２８８９８０号公報）などが適用できる。 As a method for obtaining the position of the sun to be tracked, a method of theoretically deriving from the location, direction, date and time by a mathematical expression, or a method of detecting the sun position by an optical sensor (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-288980) can be applied. .

本発明において、一次反射鏡の設置場所としては、日陰が生じない高層ビルの屋上などが好適である。 In the present invention, the installation place of the primary reflecting mirror is preferably a rooftop of a high-rise building where shade does not occur.

本発明は、光ダクトの採光口が、日中の少なくとも一部の時間帯に障害物の陰となる場所に位置するとき、その効果がより良好に発現される。前記採光口が位置する場所は、建物のボイド部分の底部又はボイド部分の壁部、建物と建物の隙間などである。前記ボイド部分とは建物内部の吹き抜け部などの空間部である。 In the present invention, when the light outlet of the light duct is located in a place that is behind an obstacle during at least a part of the daytime, the effect is better exhibited. The place where the lighting port is located is the bottom of the void part of the building, the wall part of the void part, the gap between the building and the building, or the like. The said void part is space parts, such as an atrium part inside a building.

前記光ダクトの採光口に到達した平行光は、光ダクト内を搬送され、光取り出し口において拡散板（図示せず）により拡散されながら出射し、目的の場所を略均一に照明する。 The parallel light that has reached the light outlet of the light duct is transported through the light duct, emitted while being diffused by a diffusion plate (not shown) at the light extraction opening, and illuminates the target place substantially uniformly.

本発明において、一次反射鏡と二次反射鏡は、水平方向或いは斜め方向に離れた場所に配置しても、垂直方向に離れた場所に配置した場合（図１参照）と同様の効果が得られる。 In the present invention, even if the primary reflecting mirror and the secondary reflecting mirror are arranged in a place separated in the horizontal direction or in an oblique direction, the same effect as in the case where they are arranged in a place separated in the vertical direction (see FIG. 1) is obtained. It is done.

本発明において、曇天、雨天、夜間などに自然光が不足するのを補う人工照明は、その照度をＯＮ−ＯＦＦ式に調節しても良いが、センサーを用いて自動調節するのが照度を均一化できて望ましい。 In the present invention, the artificial illumination that compensates for the lack of natural light in cloudy weather, rainy weather, nighttime, etc., may adjust its illuminance to ON-OFF type, but automatic adjustment using a sensor makes the illuminance uniform It is possible and desirable.

本発明の光搬送装置の実施形態を示す概略説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows embodiment of the optical conveying apparatus of this invention. （ａ）は光ダクトの側面説明図、（ｂ）は光ダクトの反射板付近の斜視説明図である。(A) is side surface explanatory drawing of an optical duct, (b) is a perspective explanatory drawing near the reflecting plate of an optical duct. 太陽追尾システムの説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a solar tracking system.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１一次反射鏡
１ａ一次反射鏡の反射面
１ｂ一次反射鏡で反射した反射光（平行光）
２高層ビル
２ａ高層ビルの屋上
２ｂ高層ビルの外壁
２ｃ高層ビルの1階の天井裏
２ｄ高層ビルの中庭
３二次反射鏡（平面鏡）
３ａ二次反射鏡の反射面
３ｂ二次反射鏡で反射した反射光（平行光）
４光ダクト
４ａ光ダクトの採光口
４ｂ光ダクトの光取り出し口
５太陽
５ａ太陽光
６室内
７採光を助ける反射板
８保護カバー
９第一反射膜（凹面鏡）
１０第二反射膜（凹面鏡）
１１第二反射膜で反射された反射光（平行光）
１２、１２ａ、１２ｂ、１２ｃ光ダクト
１３反射板
１４回転伝達ジャバラ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Primary reflecting mirror 1a Reflecting surface of primary reflecting mirror 1b Reflected light reflected by primary reflecting mirror (parallel light)
2 High-rise building 2a High-rise building roof 2b High-rise building outer wall 2c High-rise building 1st floor ceiling 2d High-rise courtyard 3 Secondary reflector (plane mirror)
Reflected light (parallel light) reflected by the reflecting surface 3b secondary reflecting mirror of the 3a secondary reflecting mirror
4 Light Duct 4a Light Duct Lighting Port 4b Light Duct Light Extraction Port 5 Sun 5a Sunlight 6 Indoor 7 Reflector 8 Assisting Daylighting Protective Cover 9 First Reflective Film (Concave Mirror)
10 Second reflective film (concave mirror)
11 Reflected light reflected by the second reflective film (parallel light)
12, 12a, 12b, 12c Optical duct 13 Reflector 14 Rotation transmission bellows

Claims

太陽光を採光し、搬送して照明に利用する光搬送装置において、前記光搬送装置は、太陽の位置に従って向きを変化させながら太陽光を直接受光し、所定の方向に平行光として反射させる一次反射鏡と、前記一次反射鏡で反射された平行光を直接受光し、所定の方向に平行光として再反射させる二次反射鏡と、前記二次反射鏡で反射された光を採光し、搬送して照明に利用する光ダクトとを含んで構成され、前記光ダクトは、その採光口が、日中の少なくとも一部の時間帯に太陽光が直接届かなくなる場所に位置していることを特徴とする光搬送装置。 In a light transport device that collects sunlight, transports it, and uses it for illumination, the light transport device directly receives sunlight while changing its direction according to the position of the sun, and reflects it as parallel light in a predetermined direction. A reflecting mirror, a secondary reflecting mirror that directly receives the parallel light reflected by the primary reflecting mirror and re-reflects it as parallel light in a predetermined direction, and the light reflected by the secondary reflecting mirror is collected and transported. And a light duct that is used for illumination, the light duct being located at a place where the sunlight does not directly reach at least part of the daytime Optical transport device.

前記光ダクトは、その採光口が、日中の少なくとも一部の時間帯に障害物の陰となる場所に位置していることを特徴とする請求項１記載の光搬送装置。 The light transport device according to claim 1, wherein the light duct has a light outlet located in a place that is behind an obstacle during at least a part of the daytime.

前記光ダクトは、その採光口が、建物のボイド部分の底部又は壁部に位置していることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の光搬送装置。 The light transport device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light duct has a light outlet located at the bottom or wall of a void portion of a building.

前記光ダクトの拡散機能により目的の場所を略均一に照明することを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載の光搬送装置。 4. The light transport device according to claim 1, wherein a target location is illuminated substantially uniformly by a diffusion function of the light duct.

前記光ダクトが照明する室内に人工照明を設け、曇天、雨天、夜間など自然光が不足するときにこれを補う構造としたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の光搬送装置。 5. The light transport device according to claim 1, wherein artificial light is provided in a room illuminated by the light duct, and is configured to compensate for a lack of natural light such as cloudy weather, rainy weather, and nighttime. .