JP2007093713A - Developing device, process cartridge and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Developing device, process cartridge and image forming apparatus Download PDF

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JP2007093713A
JP2007093713A JP2005279660A JP2005279660A JP2007093713A JP 2007093713 A JP2007093713 A JP 2007093713A JP 2005279660 A JP2005279660 A JP 2005279660A JP 2005279660 A JP2005279660 A JP 2005279660A JP 2007093713 A JP2007093713 A JP 2007093713A
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developing device
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image
toner
image forming
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JP4807993B2 (en
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Masahito Iio
飯尾雅人
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image forming apparatus that ensures high image quality by conveying developer into the first storage chamber from the second storage chamber in an auxiliary manner by the impact of an operation for contact with an image carrier at the time of an output, thereby compensating for degradation in conveying capability and preventing a decrease in the fluidity of toner, and to provide developing devices and process cartridges. <P>SOLUTION: The image forming apparatus having two or more color stations is structured so that each developer carrier used to supply developer to the image carrier incorporated in corresponding developing device supplies the developer to the image carrier by touching the image carrier or stopping with a fixed amount of space between them and so that the developer carrier is separated from the image carrier when no images are formed. In the image forming apparatus, when the operation of image formation in two or more colors is finished, the developing device 1c used for the image formation performs a contact/separation operation for the photoreceptor at least one time. Thus, the developing devices, process cartridges and image forming apparatus can be provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、複写機、ファクシミリ、プリンタ等の静電複写プロセスの画像形成装置に備え付けられている現像装置に関するものであり、さらに詳細には、一成分トナーを用いた現像装置に関するものである。さらに該現像装置と像担持体を一体に支持したプロセスカートリッジ、及び該現像装置及び/又はプロセスカートリッジを備えた画像形成装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a developing device provided in an image forming apparatus for an electrostatic copying process such as a copying machine, a facsimile machine, and a printer, and more particularly to a developing device using a one-component toner. Further, the present invention relates to a process cartridge that integrally supports the developing device and the image carrier, and an image forming apparatus including the developing device and / or the process cartridge.

近年、オフィスにおけるOA化、カラー化が一段と進み、従来の文字のみからなる原稿の複写だけではなく、パーソナルコンピュータで作成したグラフ等を含む原稿をプリンタにて出力し、プレゼンテーション用の資料等として多数枚複写する機会が増している。プリンタ出力画像は、ベタ画像、ライン画像、ハーフトーン画像が多く、それにともない画像品質に求められる市場の要求が変化しつつあり、また、高信頼性等の要求も更に高まっている。
電子写真、静電記録、静電印刷等の電子写真方式に使用される現像剤は、その現像工程において、例えば、静電潜像が形成されている像担持体(代表的には感光体)に一旦付着され、次に転写工程において感光体から転写紙等の転写媒体に転写された後、定着工程において紙面に定着される。その際、像担持体上に形成される静電潜像を現像するための現像剤としては、キャリアとトナーから成る二成分系現像剤及び、キャリアを必要としないでトナーのみからなる一成分系現像剤(磁性トナー、非磁性トナー)が知られている。二成分系現像剤は、トナー粒子がキャリア表面に付着することにより現像剤が劣化し、また、トナーのみが消費されるため現像剤中のトナー濃度が低下するので、キャリアとトナーとの混合比を一定割合に保持しなければならず、そのため現像装置が大型化するといった欠点がある。一方、一成分系現像剤は、装置の小型化が可能等の利点を有しており、あらゆる環境下(低温低湿、高温高湿)での使用が容易であるなどの理由から現像方式の主流になりつつある。
In recent years, office automation and colorization have further progressed in offices, and in addition to copying originals consisting only of conventional characters, many originals including graphs created with a personal computer are output by a printer and used as presentation materials. Opportunities to copy sheets are increasing. Printer output images are mostly solid images, line images, and halftone images, and accordingly, market demands required for image quality are changing, and requirements such as high reliability are further increased.
Developers used in electrophotographic systems such as electrophotography, electrostatic recording, and electrostatic printing are, for example, an image carrier (typically a photoreceptor) on which an electrostatic latent image is formed in the developing process. Then, the toner is transferred from the photosensitive member to a transfer medium such as transfer paper in the transfer step, and then fixed on the paper surface in the fixing step. At that time, as a developer for developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the image carrier, a two-component developer composed of a carrier and a toner, and a one-component system composed of only a toner without requiring a carrier. Developers (magnetic toner, non-magnetic toner) are known. In the two-component developer, the developer deteriorates due to the toner particles adhering to the carrier surface, and the toner concentration in the developer decreases because only the toner is consumed. Must be maintained at a constant rate, and therefore, there is a disadvantage that the developing device is enlarged. On the other hand, the one-component developer has the advantage that the apparatus can be downsized, and the development system is mainstream because it is easy to use in any environment (low temperature, low humidity, high temperature, high humidity). It is becoming.

ところで、一成分系現像剤は、磁性トナーを用いる磁性一成分現像剤と、非磁性トナーを用いる非磁性一成分現像剤とに分類される。磁性一成分現像剤を用いる磁性一成分現像方式は、内部にマグネットなどの磁界発生手段を設けた現像スリーブを用いて、マグネタイトなどの磁性体を含有する磁性トナーを保持し、層厚規制部材により、薄層化し現像するもので、近年小型プリンタなどで多数実用化されている。これに対して、非磁性一成分剤を用いる非磁性一成分現像方式は、トナーが磁気力を持たないため、現像スリーブにトナー補給ローラなどを圧接して現像スリーブ上にトナーを供給し、静電気的に保持させ、層厚規制部材により、薄層化して現像するものであり、有色の磁性体を含有しないため
カラー化に対応できるという利点があり、また現像スリーブにマグネットを用いないため、装置のより軽量化、低コスト化が可能となり、近年小型フルカラープリンタ等で実用化されている。
By the way, the one-component developer is classified into a magnetic one-component developer using a magnetic toner and a non-magnetic one-component developer using a non-magnetic toner. A magnetic one-component developing method using a magnetic one-component developer uses a developing sleeve provided with a magnetic field generating means such as a magnet inside to hold magnetic toner containing a magnetic material such as magnetite, and a layer thickness regulating member These are thinned and developed, and have recently been put into practical use in small printers. In contrast, in the non-magnetic one-component development method using a non-magnetic one-component agent, since the toner does not have a magnetic force, the toner supply roller or the like is pressed against the developing sleeve to supply the toner onto the developing sleeve, and electrostatic Since it does not contain a colored magnetic material, it has the advantage that it can be colorized and does not use a magnet for the developing sleeve. In recent years, it has been put to practical use in small full-color printers and the like.

しかしながら、一成分現像方式では、未だ改善すべき課題が多いのが現状である。二成分現像方式では、トナーの帯電、搬送手段としてキャリアを用い、トナーとキャリアは現像装置内部において十分撹拌、混合された後現像スリーブに搬送され現像に供されるため比較的長時間の使用においても安定した帯電、搬送を持続することが可能であり、また、高速の現像装置にも対応しやすい。これに比べ、一成分現像方式ではキャリアのような安定した帯電、搬送手段がないため、長時間使用や高速化による帯電、搬送不良が起こりやすい。
特に、非磁性一成分現像方式は現像スリーブ上へトナーを搬送した後、層厚規制部材にてトナーを薄層化させて現像するが、トナーと現像スリーブ又は層厚規制部材などの摩擦帯電部材との接触・摩擦帯電時間が非常に短いため、キャリアを用いた二成分現像方式より低帯電、逆帯電トナーが多くなりやすい。また、少なくとも1つのトナー搬送部材によってトナーを搬送し、かつ、搬送されたトナーによって像担持体に形成された静電潜像を現像する手段が採られているが、その際、トナー搬送部材表面のトナーの層厚は極力薄くしなければならない。このために、層厚規制部材による押圧力を受けるために、トナー表面に外添された外添剤のトナー内部への埋没が激しく、トナーの帯電性、流動性が大きく低下するという不具合がある。
特に、トナーの流動性の低下は、搬送能力に影響を及ぼす。単色多数枚連続出力では連続で攪拌され、流動性が上昇するため第二収納室から第一収納室への搬送能力は上昇する。しかしながら、複数色での連続出力又は単色少枚数出力では現像動作間隔に時間がかかるため、その間に流動性が低下し、第二収納室から第一収納室への搬送能力は低下し、高画像追従性に問題を生じる可能性もあった。
However, in the one-component development system, there are still many problems to be improved. In the two-component development system, a carrier is used as a means for charging and transporting toner, and the toner and the carrier are sufficiently stirred and mixed in the developing device and then transported to the developing sleeve for development. However, it is possible to maintain stable charging and conveyance, and it is easy to cope with a high-speed developing device. Compared to this, the one-component development method does not have a stable charging / conveying means such as a carrier, and therefore, charging and conveyance defects are likely to occur due to long-term use and high speed.
In particular, in the non-magnetic one-component developing method, after toner is conveyed onto the developing sleeve, the toner is thinned by the layer thickness regulating member and developed, but the toner and the friction charging member such as the developing sleeve or the layer thickness regulating member are developed. Contact / friction charging time is very short, and therefore, low-charge and reverse-charge toner tends to increase more than in the two-component development system using a carrier. In addition, means for transporting the toner by at least one toner transport member and developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the image carrier by the transported toner is employed. The toner layer thickness must be as thin as possible. For this reason, in order to receive a pressing force by the layer thickness regulating member, there is a problem that the external additive added to the toner surface is embedded in the toner and the chargeability and fluidity of the toner are greatly reduced. .
In particular, the decrease in toner fluidity affects the conveying ability. In the continuous output of a large number of single color sheets, the agitation is continuously performed and the fluidity is increased, so that the conveying ability from the second storage chamber to the first storage chamber is increased. However, in continuous output in a plurality of colors or output in a small number of single colors, the development operation interval takes time, so that the fluidity decreases during that time, and the conveyance capacity from the second storage chamber to the first storage chamber decreases, resulting in high image quality. There was also a possibility of causing a problem in followability.

そこで、特許文献1には、非磁性一成分現像剤を内包し、現像剤供給部材が現像剤担持体に所定の当接圧で当接して回転し、前記現像剤供給部材の回転速度を少なくとも2種以上の回転速度で駆動可能させ、前記現像剤供給部材近傍の現像剤に振動を与える加振手段を有することについて、開示されている。これにより、トナー供給ローラ周囲に滞留したトナーの安定した流動性を維持し、トナー供給ローラの回転速度に関係なく現像スリーブに安定したトナー供給を可能にすることができる。 Therefore, Patent Document 1 includes a non-magnetic one-component developer, the developer supply member rotates in contact with the developer carrier at a predetermined contact pressure, and the rotation speed of the developer supply member is set at least. It is disclosed to have a vibrating means that can be driven at two or more rotational speeds and that vibrates the developer in the vicinity of the developer supply member. Thereby, the stable fluidity of the toner staying around the toner supply roller can be maintained, and the toner can be stably supplied to the developing sleeve regardless of the rotation speed of the toner supply roller.

しかしながら、上記手段では、安定した流動性に対して効果はあるものの、速度が遅くなった場合には、流動性の低下の回避が十分ではなく、満足のいく流動性が得られないという問題点があった。また、2種以上の回転速度の設定は、トナーの種類だけでなく、使用機種や環境によっても影響を受けるため、適切な条件設定が難しいという問題点があった。 However, the above-mentioned means has an effect on stable fluidity, but when the speed is slow, it is not sufficient to avoid a decrease in fluidity, and satisfactory fluidity cannot be obtained. was there. In addition, the setting of two or more rotational speeds is affected not only by the type of toner but also by the model used and the environment, so that it is difficult to set appropriate conditions.

一方、特許文献2には、トナーを攪拌すると共に現像ローラに供給する攪拌手段が、トナー容器内に、前記現像ローラの回転軸と平行な回転軸と、この回転軸に一辺が固着され対向する他辺が自由端である三翼以上の弾性シート翼とを備える現像ユニットについて、開示されている。これによって、トナー容器内の攪拌手段の両端部でのトナー流動性を向上させて、現像ローラの中央部と両端部とが相互に充分に攪拌混合され、流動性が高められた良好なトナーを均一に供給できると共に、攪拌手段の回転時の負荷変動に起因する振動を減らして画像不良の発生を抑えた現像ユニットの提供できる。 On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, an agitating unit that agitates toner and supplies it to a developing roller is opposed to a rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis of the developing roller and one side fixed to the rotation axis in the toner container. A developing unit including three or more elastic sheet blades whose other sides are free ends is disclosed. As a result, the toner fluidity at both ends of the agitating means in the toner container is improved, and the central portion and both ends of the developing roller are sufficiently agitated and mixed with each other, so that a good toner with improved fluidity can be obtained. It is possible to provide a developing unit that can supply uniformly and reduce the occurrence of image defects by reducing vibrations caused by load fluctuations during rotation of the stirring means.

しかしながら、上記手段では、現像ユニット作動時の流動性は改善できるものの、現像動作間隔による流動性の低下は改善できない問題点が、依然存在していた。 However, although the above-mentioned means can improve the fluidity when the developing unit is operated, there still remains a problem that the fluidity deterioration due to the development operation interval cannot be improved.

特開2003−15400号公報JP 2003-15400 A 特開2005−31299号公報JP 200531299 A

そこで、本発明は上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その課題は、出力時に像担持体への接触動作の衝撃での第二収納室から第一収納室への現像剤搬送を補助的に入れ、搬送能力低下を補い、トナーの流動性の低下を防止し、高画質の現像装置、プロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置を提供することである。また、出力画素によって接離動作回数を切り分けて確実に搬送量を補い、高画質の現像装置、プロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置を提供することである。   Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and its problem is to assist the conveyance of the developer from the second storage chamber to the first storage chamber due to the impact of the contact operation with the image carrier during output. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a high-quality developing device, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus that compensate for a decrease in conveying ability and prevent a decrease in toner fluidity. Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-quality developing device, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus by separating the number of contact / separation operations according to output pixels to reliably supplement the transport amount.

上記課題を解決する手段である本発明の特徴を以下に挙げる。
本発明は、現像剤担持体と、現像剤担持体へ現像剤を供給する現像剤供給部材と、現像剤担持体上の現像剤の厚みを規制する現像剤層規制部材と、現像剤供給部材に現像剤を供給する回動可能な第一搬送部材を有する第一収納室と、第一収納室へ供給するための現像剤を貯蔵する第二収納室を有する現像装置と、を備え、前記現像装置が作像時に像担持体に対して移動をし、前記現像装置に組み込まれた像担持体に現像剤を供給する現像剤担持体が、像担持体に対して接触、又は微少な間隔をおいて停止することにより像担持体に現像剤を供給し、非作像時には前記像担持体から離間する動作を行う複数色からなる現像装置において、前記現像装置が、複数色の作像動作終了時に作像動作を行ない、感光体への接離動作を少なくとも1回以上行なうことを特徴とする現像装置である。ジョブ動作中に現像装置移動だけの接離動作で搬送能力を補助しているので、待ち時間を増やすこともなく、構成部品の短寿命防止及び低コスト化できる。
The features of the present invention, which is a means for solving the above problems, are listed below.
The present invention relates to a developer carrier, a developer supply member that supplies a developer to the developer carrier, a developer layer regulation member that regulates the thickness of the developer on the developer carrier, and a developer supply member A first storage chamber having a rotatable first transport member for supplying the developer to the first storage chamber, and a developing device having a second storage chamber for storing the developer to be supplied to the first storage chamber, The developing device moves relative to the image carrier during image formation, and the developer carrier that supplies the developer to the image carrier incorporated in the developing device is in contact with the image carrier, or at a small interval. In the developing device having a plurality of colors, the developer is supplied to the image carrier by stopping at a time and is separated from the image carrier at the time of non-image formation. Perform image formation at the end and contact / separate at least once with the photoconductor A developing device and wherein the Nau. Since the conveyance capability is assisted by the contact / separation operation only by moving the developing device during the job operation, the life of the component parts can be prevented and the cost can be reduced without increasing the waiting time.

また、本発明は、前記記載の現像装置において、前記現像装置が、出力画像の画素により接離動作の回数を切り分けることを特徴とする現像装置である。出力画像の画素により接離回数を切り替えているので、画像に影響を受けず、高搬送能力を得られる。 According to the present invention, in the developing device described above, the developing device separates the number of contact / separation operations according to pixels of an output image. Since the number of contact / separation is switched according to the pixels of the output image, a high transport capability can be obtained without being affected by the image.

本発明は、前記記載の現像装置において、前記現像装置が、回動可能な第二搬送部材を有する前記第二収納室に第二搬送部材位置検出部材を設け、複数色の作像終了時に開口部下方の所定の位置に第二搬送部材を停止させることを特徴とする現像装置である。作像終了時の第二搬送パドルの停止位置を固定していることで、搬送能力を補助しているので、待ち時間を増やすこともなく、構成部品の短寿命も防止できる。 According to the present invention, in the developing device described above, the developing device is provided with a second transport member position detection member in the second storage chamber having a rotatable second transport member, and is opened at the end of image formation for a plurality of colors. The developing device is characterized in that the second conveying member is stopped at a predetermined position below the part. Since the stop position of the second transport paddle at the end of image formation is fixed, the transport capability is assisted, so the waiting time is not increased and the short life of the components can be prevented.

本発明は、前記記載の現像装置において、前記現像装置が、単色作像時に接離動作を行い、画像形成装置に設置されていることを特徴とする現像装置である。ジョブで変化する搬送能力に応じて接離回数又は第二搬送パドル停止位置固定の切り替えを行なっているので、どのジョブに対しても安定した高搬送能力を得られる。 According to the present invention, in the developing device described above, the developing device performs a contact / separation operation at the time of monochromatic image formation and is installed in the image forming apparatus. Since the switching between the number of contact / separation or the fixed second transport paddle stop position is performed in accordance with the transport capability that changes with the job, a stable high transport capability can be obtained for any job.

本発明は、プロセスカートリッジが、少なくとも像担持体と前記記載の現像装置とを一体に支持し、画像形成装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とするプロセスカートリッジである。 The present invention is a process cartridge characterized in that the process cartridge integrally supports at least the image carrier and the developing device described above, and is detachable from the main body of the image forming apparatus.

本発明は、画像形成装置が、前記記載の現像装置を備えることを特徴とする画像形成装置である。   The present invention is an image forming apparatus comprising the developing device described above.

本発明は、画像形成装置が、前記記載のプロセスカートリッジを備えることを特徴とする画像形成装置である。   The present invention is an image forming apparatus including the process cartridge described above.

本発明は、上記解決するための手段によって、出力時に像担持体への接触動作の衝撃での第二収納室から第一収納室への現像剤搬送を補助的に入れ、搬送能力低下を補い、トナーの流動性の低下を防止し、高画質の現像装置、プロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置を提供することができる。また、出力画素によって接離動作回数を切り分けて確実に搬送量を補い、高画質の現像装置、プロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, the means for solving the problems described above supplementarily introduces developer conveyance from the second storage chamber to the first storage chamber due to the impact of the contact operation with the image carrier at the time of output, and compensates for a decrease in conveyance capability. Further, it is possible to provide a developing device, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus with high image quality, which prevent a decrease in toner fluidity. In addition, it is possible to provide a high-quality developing device, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus by separating the number of contact / separation operations according to output pixels to reliably supplement the conveyance amount.

以下に、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。なお、いわゆる当業者は特許請求の範囲内における本発明を変更・修正をして他の実施形態をなすことは容易であり、これらの変更・修正はこの特許請求の範囲に含まれるものであり、以下の説明はこの発明における最良の形態の例であって、この特許請求の範囲を限定するものではない。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that it is easy for a person skilled in the art to make other embodiments by changing or correcting the present invention within the scope of the claims, and these changes and modifications are included in the scope of the claims. The following description is an example of the best mode of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the claims.

図1は本発明に係わるカラーレーザープリンタの概略構成図である。
このカラーレーザープリンタは、感光体部、書込み部、現像部、中間転写部、給紙部、紙転写部、定着部から成る。感光体部には感光体ベルト100があり、感光体ベルトの周りには帯電器1b、現像装置1c、感光体クリーニング装置1dが配置されている。この感光体ベルトの表面には有機感光層が形成されている。帯電器1bに高電圧を印可することにより感光体ベルト100を一様に帯電させる。
カラー画像情報、たとえばコンピュータからのカラー画像信号を光信号に変換しレーザーにて、Black(以下Bkと記す)、Cyan(以下、Cと記す)、Magenta(以下、Mと記す)、Yellow(以下、Yと記す)の画像信号に対応した光書込みを書き込みユニット(1e)を介して行い、感光体ベルト上に静電潜像を形成する。
この静電潜像は感光体ベルトの静電潜像と逆の電荷にて帯電されたトナーを有するBk、C、M、Y毎に各現像カートリッジによって帯電トナーを静電吸着させることにより現像される。中間転写ベルト1fと感光体ベルトの接触部においては、中間転写ベルトにトナーと逆の電荷を印可することにより中間転写ベルト上に上記トナー像を転写する。この動作を4回行うことにより、中間転写ベルト上に4色重ね画像を形成し、これを搬送ローラ1gによって送られてきた転写紙に紙転写ローラ1hに、トナーと逆の電荷を印可することによって転写する。この転写紙は定着器1iに搬送され、トナー像を溶融定着する。
また、上記現像装置1cは、カラーレーザープリンター本体の下側から順にマゼンタトナーを収容したM現像装置、イエロートナーを収容したY現像装置、シアントナーを収容したC現像装置、黒トナーを収容したBk現像装置となっている。ここでは、さらに、各現像装置を図中左右方向に移動させ感光体ベルト100に対し、接離動作を行なう接離機構を備える。
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a color laser printer according to the present invention.
This color laser printer includes a photoconductor portion, a writing portion, a developing portion, an intermediate transfer portion, a paper feeding portion, a paper transfer portion, and a fixing portion. A photosensitive member 100 includes a photosensitive belt 100, and a charger 1b, a developing device 1c, and a photosensitive member cleaning device 1d are disposed around the photosensitive belt. An organic photosensitive layer is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor belt. The photoreceptor belt 100 is uniformly charged by applying a high voltage to the charger 1b.
Color image information, for example, a color image signal from a computer is converted into an optical signal, and a laser (Black (hereinafter referred to as “Bk”), Cyan (hereinafter referred to as “C”), Magenta (hereinafter referred to as “M”), Yellow (hereinafter referred to as “M”) , Y) and optical writing corresponding to the image signal is performed via the writing unit (1e) to form an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive belt.
This electrostatic latent image is developed by electrostatically adsorbing charged toner by each developing cartridge for each of Bk, C, M, and Y having toner charged with a charge opposite to that of the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive belt. The At the contact portion between the intermediate transfer belt 1f and the photosensitive belt, the toner image is transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt by applying a charge opposite to the toner to the intermediate transfer belt. By performing this operation four times, a four-color superimposed image is formed on the intermediate transfer belt, and a charge opposite to the toner is applied to the paper transfer roller 1h on the transfer paper sent by the conveying roller 1g. Transcript by. This transfer paper is conveyed to the fixing device 1i to melt and fix the toner image.
The developing device 1c includes an M developing device containing magenta toner, a Y developing device containing yellow toner, a C developing device containing cyan toner, and a Bk containing black toner in order from the bottom of the color laser printer main body. It is a developing device. Here, a contact / separation mechanism for moving the developing devices in the horizontal direction in the drawing to perform contact / separation operation with respect to the photosensitive belt 100 is further provided.

現像装置内のトナーは所定の極性に帯電され、現像スリーブには、現像バイアス電源によって現像バイアスが印加され、現像スリーブが感光体ベルト100に対して所定電位にバイアスされている。また、接離機構は、モータから各現像装置に駆動を伝達するための図示しない電磁クラッチがオンになるとその駆動力で現像装置を感光体ベルト100側に移動させるようになっている。現像時には、現像装置のうち選択されたいずれか一つが移動し、感光体ベルト100に当接する。一方、電磁クラッチをオフにして駆動伝達を解除すると感光体ベルト100に当接していた現像装置が感光体ベルト100から離間する方向に移動する。
カラーレーザープリンター本体の待機状態では、現像装置Bk、C、M、Yも感光体ベルト100と離間した位置にセットされており、画像形成動作が開始されると、カラー画像データに基づきレーザ光による光書き込み、静電潜像の形成が開始される(以下、Bk画像データによる静電潜像をBk静電潜像という。C、M、Yについても同様)。このBk静電潜像の先端部から現像可能とすべくBk現像位置に静電潜像先端部が到達する前に、Bk現像スリーブを回転開始して、Bk静電潜像をBkトナーで現像する。そして、以後、Bk静電潜像領域の現像動作が続行されるが、Bk静電潜像後端部がBk現像位置を通過した時点で、Bk現像装置が感光体ベルト100から離間し、次の色の現像に備えて該当する色の現像装置が感光体ベルト100に当接する。これは少なくとも、次の画像データによる静電潜像先端部が現像位置に到達する前に完了される。
The toner in the developing device is charged to a predetermined polarity, a developing bias is applied to the developing sleeve by a developing bias power source, and the developing sleeve is biased to a predetermined potential with respect to the photosensitive belt 100. The contact / separation mechanism moves the developing device toward the photosensitive belt 100 by the driving force when an electromagnetic clutch (not shown) for transmitting driving from the motor to each developing device is turned on. At the time of development, any one of the developing devices selected moves and contacts the photosensitive belt 100. On the other hand, when the electromagnetic clutch is turned off and the drive transmission is released, the developing device that has been in contact with the photosensitive belt 100 moves away from the photosensitive belt 100.
In the standby state of the color laser printer main body, the developing devices Bk, C, M, and Y are also set at positions separated from the photosensitive belt 100, and when the image forming operation is started, laser light is used based on the color image data. Optical writing and formation of an electrostatic latent image are started (hereinafter, an electrostatic latent image based on Bk image data is referred to as a Bk electrostatic latent image; the same applies to C, M, and Y). Before the leading edge of the electrostatic latent image reaches the Bk development position so that the leading edge of the Bk electrostatic latent image can be developed, the Bk developing sleeve starts to rotate and develops the Bk electrostatic latent image with Bk toner. To do. Thereafter, the developing operation of the Bk electrostatic latent image area is continued. When the rear end portion of the Bk electrostatic latent image passes the Bk developing position, the Bk developing device is separated from the photosensitive belt 100, and the next operation is performed. The developing device of the corresponding color comes into contact with the photosensitive belt 100 in preparation for the development of the corresponding color. This is completed at least before the leading edge of the electrostatic latent image based on the next image data reaches the developing position.

また、上記中間転写ユニットは、中間転写ベルト、ベルトクリーニング装置、位置検出用センサなどで構成されている。中間転写ベルトは駆動ローラ、1次転写ローラ、2次転写対向ローラ、クリーニング対向ローラ及びテンションローラに張架されており、図示しない駆動モータによりに駆動制御される。中間転写ベルト端部の非画像形成領域には複数の位置検出用マークが設けられており、これらの位置検出用マークのうちのいずれか一つを位置出用センサで検出し、この検出タイミングで画像形成を開始する。また、ベルトクリーニング装置は、クリーニングブラシ、接離機構等で構成されており、1色目のBk画像を中間転写ベルトに転写している間、及び、2、3、4色目の画像を中間転写ベルトに転写している間は接離機構によって中間転写ベルトからクリーニングブラシを離間させておく。
さらに、2次転写ユニットは、2次転写ローラ、2次転写ローラを中間転写ベルトに対して接離するためのクラッチ等を備えた接離機構等で構成されている。転写紙が転写位置に到達するタイミングに合致させて2次転写ローラが接離機構の回転軸を中心に揺動する。この2次転写ローラと2次転写対向ローラとにより転写紙と中間転写ベルトとを一定の圧力で接触させる。2次転写ローラは中間転写ユニットに設けられた図示しない位置決め部材により2次転写対向ローラとの平行度の位置精度が保たれている。また、2次転写ローラに設けた図示しない位置決めコロにより中間転写ベルトに対する2次転写ローラの接触圧を一定にしている。2次転写ローラを中間転写ベルトに接触させると同時に、2次転写ローラにはトナーと逆極性の転写バイアスが印加され、中間転写ベルト上の重ねトナー像を転写紙に一括転写する。
The intermediate transfer unit includes an intermediate transfer belt, a belt cleaning device, a position detection sensor, and the like. The intermediate transfer belt is stretched around a drive roller, a primary transfer roller, a secondary transfer counter roller, a cleaning counter roller, and a tension roller, and is driven and controlled by a drive motor (not shown). A plurality of position detection marks are provided in the non-image forming area at the end of the intermediate transfer belt, and any one of these position detection marks is detected by a position detection sensor, and at this detection timing. Start image formation. The belt cleaning device includes a cleaning brush, a contact / separation mechanism, and the like, and transfers the first color Bk image to the intermediate transfer belt and the second, third, and fourth color images to the intermediate transfer belt. During the transfer, the cleaning brush is separated from the intermediate transfer belt by the contact / separation mechanism.
Further, the secondary transfer unit is configured by a contact / separation mechanism including a clutch or the like for contacting / separating the secondary transfer roller and the secondary transfer roller to / from the intermediate transfer belt. The secondary transfer roller swings about the rotation axis of the contact / separation mechanism in accordance with the timing when the transfer paper reaches the transfer position. The transfer sheet and the intermediate transfer belt are brought into contact with each other with a constant pressure by the secondary transfer roller and the secondary transfer counter roller. The secondary transfer roller maintains the positional accuracy of the parallelism with the secondary transfer counter roller by a positioning member (not shown) provided in the intermediate transfer unit. Further, the contact pressure of the secondary transfer roller with respect to the intermediate transfer belt is made constant by a positioning roller (not shown) provided on the secondary transfer roller. At the same time as the secondary transfer roller is brought into contact with the intermediate transfer belt, a transfer bias having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied to the secondary transfer roller, and the superimposed toner images on the intermediate transfer belt are collectively transferred onto the transfer sheet.

一方、画像形成動作が開始される時期に、転写紙は上記転写紙カセット又は手差しトレイのいずれかから給送され、レジストローラ対のニップで待機している。そして、2次転写ローラに中間転写ベルト上の4色重ねのトナー像先端がさしかかるときに、ちょうど転写紙の先端がこのトナー像の先端に一致するようにレジストローラ対が駆動され、転写紙とトナー像との位置合わせが行われる。そして、転写紙が中間転写ベルト上のトナー像と重ねられて2次転写位置を通過する。このとき2次転写ローラによる転写バイアスで転写紙が荷電され、トナー画像のほとんどが転写紙上に転写される。そして、中間転写ベルトから4色重ねトナー像を一括転写された転写紙は、定着ユニットに搬送され、所定温度に制御された定着ベルトと加圧ローラのニップ部でトナー像が溶融定着され、装置本体外に送り出され、排紙トレイに裏向きにスタックされ、フルカラーコピーを得る。単色連続コピーでは、同一現像装置の感光体ベルト100への接離動作の繰り返しとなる。 On the other hand, at the time when the image forming operation is started, the transfer paper is fed from either the transfer paper cassette or the manual feed tray, and waits at the nip of the registration roller pair. Then, when the leading edge of the four-color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt approaches the secondary transfer roller, the registration roller pair is driven so that the leading edge of the transfer paper coincides with the leading edge of the toner image. Registration with the toner image is performed. Then, the transfer paper is superimposed on the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt and passes through the secondary transfer position. At this time, the transfer paper is charged by the transfer bias by the secondary transfer roller, and most of the toner image is transferred onto the transfer paper. Then, the transfer sheet onto which the four-color superimposed toner images are transferred from the intermediate transfer belt is conveyed to a fixing unit, and the toner image is melted and fixed at the nip portion between the fixing belt and the pressure roller controlled to a predetermined temperature. It is sent out of the main body and stacked face down on the paper output tray to obtain a full color copy. In monochromatic continuous copying, the contact and separation operations of the same developing device to and from the photosensitive belt 100 are repeated.

次に、本発明の実施例である現像装置概略図である図2を用いて、現像装置の作像メカニズムについて説明する。
この現像装置はトナーが第一搬送パドル241から第三搬送パドル243部に充填されており各搬送パドルが矢印の方向に回転することによりトナーを前方に送り出す。また各搬送パドルはポリプロピレンのような柔らかい材質のもので形成され,弾性を持っており、その弾性を利用して現像装置の内壁と密着させ確実にトナーを搬送する。その後,第一搬送パドル241にてトナーは発泡ポリウレタンで構成された供給ロール220に搬送され,続いて供給ロール220から現像ロール210に供給される。さらに、現像ロール210に供給されたトナーはドクターロール230にて,帯電、薄層化され、感光体上に形成された静電潜像を現像し可視化する。また、ドクターロール230及び現像ロール210は、環境変動により外径が変化するため、その変化を吸収するためにドクターロール230は現像ロール210に対して、スプリングにて押圧されている。また、ドクターロール230は、現像ロール210回転とは反対方向に回転し、トナー凝集体等が挟み込むのを防止している。ドクターロール(トナー規制部材)230上のトナーは、クリーニング部材232にて掻き落とされ、現像ケースの傾斜を伝って,第一搬送パドル241に戻される。
また、本現像装置1cは駆動を伝達するギヤの引き込みにより感光体ベルト100に対して接触し、図示せぬ離間スプリングにより離間させることにより現像装置を感光体に対して選択的に接触させる。感光体ベルト100への接触時は、感光体ベルト100と現像ロール210とは所望の喰い込み量にて接触しているため、現像装置1cは現像位置決め部材に当接して位置決めを行なっている。現像位置決め部材は、剛体や硬度の高い材料など、形状変形の少ない部材を使用している。離間時は衝撃音を吸収するため弾性体で現像装置を受ける場合が多い。
Next, the image forming mechanism of the developing device will be described with reference to FIG. 2 which is a schematic diagram of the developing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In this developing device, toner is filled from the first transport paddle 241 to the third transport paddle 243, and each transport paddle rotates in the direction of the arrow to feed the toner forward. Each transport paddle is made of a soft material such as polypropylene and has elasticity. By using the elasticity, the transport paddle is brought into close contact with the inner wall of the developing device and reliably transports the toner. Thereafter, the toner is conveyed to the supply roll 220 made of foamed polyurethane by the first conveyance paddle 241, and then supplied from the supply roll 220 to the developing roll 210. Further, the toner supplied to the developing roll 210 is charged and thinned by the doctor roll 230, and the electrostatic latent image formed on the photoreceptor is developed and visualized. Further, since the outer diameter of the doctor roll 230 and the developing roll 210 changes due to environmental changes, the doctor roll 230 is pressed against the developing roll 210 by a spring in order to absorb the change. The doctor roll 230 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation of the developing roll 210 to prevent the toner aggregates from being caught. The toner on the doctor roll (toner regulating member) 230 is scraped off by the cleaning member 232 and is returned to the first transport paddle 241 through the inclination of the developing case.
Further, the developing device 1c is brought into contact with the photosensitive belt 100 by pulling in a gear for transmitting driving, and the developing device is selectively brought into contact with the photosensitive member by being separated by a separation spring (not shown). At the time of contact with the photosensitive belt 100, the photosensitive belt 100 and the developing roll 210 are in contact with each other with a desired biting amount, so that the developing device 1c is positioned by contacting the developing positioning member. As the development positioning member, a member having little shape deformation such as a rigid body or a material having high hardness is used. In order to absorb the impact sound at the time of separation, the developing device is often received by an elastic body.

図3には振動測定器にて現像装置の衝撃を測定したデータを示す。接触衝撃>離間衝撃となり、衝撃で第二収納室202から第一収納室201へトナーが入る方向となる。 FIG. 3 shows data obtained by measuring the impact of the developing device using a vibration measuring device. The contact impact> the separation impact, and the impact causes the toner to enter the first storage chamber 201 from the second storage chamber 202.

図4は、複数色出力及び単色少数枚出力及び単色多数枚出力での5%画像消費時の第一収納室201と第二収納室202のトナー量の推移を示す。前記記載のように、複数色出力及び単色少数枚出力と単色多数枚出力では現像装置の動作が異なり、単色多数枚出力では、第二収納室202のトナーは第二搬送パドル242及び第三搬送パドル243により攪拌され流動性が上がっている状態で現像装置に衝撃を受けるため、第二収納室202から第一収納室201への搬送能力は上がる。一方、複数色出力及び単色少数枚出力は、感光体ベルトと現像装置との離間時間が長いため、第二収納室202のトナーの流動性が低下した状態で衝撃を受け、第二、第三搬送パドルにより回転搬送するが、第一収納室201への搬送能力は低下する。 FIG. 4 shows the transition of the toner amount in the first storage chamber 201 and the second storage chamber 202 at the time of 5% image consumption in the multi-color output, the single-color minority sheet output, and the single-color majority sheet output. As described above, the operation of the developing device is different for multi-color output, single-color minority sheet output, and single-color majority sheet output, and in the single-color majority sheet output, the toner in the second storage chamber 202 is transferred to the second transport paddle 242 and the third transport Since the developing device is impacted while being agitated by the paddle 243 and fluidity is increased, the conveying capacity from the second storage chamber 202 to the first storage chamber 201 is increased. On the other hand, the multi-color output and the single-color minority sheet output are subjected to an impact in a state where the fluidity of the toner in the second storage chamber 202 is lowered because the separation time between the photosensitive belt and the developing device is long. Although it is rotated and transported by the transport paddle, the transport capacity to the first storage chamber 201 is reduced.

図5、6には本発明のフォロー図を示す。まず、単色か複数色出力かの判定を行ない、単色出力であれば出力枚数をカウントし、規定枚数N以上の出力であれば、通常のジョブエンド処理を行なう。複数色出力又は単色N数枚に満たない場合は、ジョブエンド時に感光体ベルト100への接離動作が入りジョブエンドとなる。図6については、複数色出力で出力画素数を色毎にカウントしていき、画素数がX以上の場合、a回接離動作を行ない、X未満の場合、b回接離動作を行なう。単色少数枚出力においても、画素数がY以上の場合、c回接離動作を行ない、Y未満の場合、d回接離動作を行ない、搬送能力低下の補助を行なう。 5 and 6 are follow diagrams of the present invention. First, it is determined whether a single color or a plurality of colors are output. If the output is a single color, the number of output sheets is counted. If the output is a predetermined number N or more, normal job end processing is performed. When the number of multi-color outputs or the number of single-color N sheets is not reached, the contact / separation operation with respect to the photosensitive belt 100 is performed at the end of the job, and the job ends. For FIG. 6, the number of output pixels is counted for each color with a plurality of color outputs, and when the number of pixels is X or more, the contact operation is performed a times, and when it is less than X, the contact operation is performed b times. Even in monochrome single-sheet output, when the number of pixels is Y or more, the c contact / separation operation is performed, and when it is less than Y, the d contact / separation operation is performed to assist in reducing the conveyance capability.

図7には本発明の実施形態に係る現像装置の構成を示す概略図である。第二搬送パドル停止位置検出部203を設け、第二搬送パドル242を作像終了時に開口部の下方での停止を行なう。第二搬送パドル停止位置検出部203はフォトセンサーなどが使用される。下方での停止により図7のように第二搬送パドル242にてトナーを受け、開口部近傍にトナーを集めることができ、現像装置が感光体ベルトに接触する衝撃で第二収納室202から第一収納室201へ安定して高い搬送能力を得ることが可能である。
図5〜7までのトナー搬送方法は、現像装置の移動動作で行なわれ、現像ローラ、搬送パドルなどの構成部品を動作させないため、短寿命化させないでトナー搬送能力を向上可能である。
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the developing device according to the embodiment of the present invention. A second conveyance paddle stop position detection unit 203 is provided, and the second conveyance paddle 242 is stopped below the opening when the image formation is completed. The second transport paddle stop position detection unit 203 uses a photo sensor or the like. By stopping at the lower side, the toner is received by the second transport paddle 242 as shown in FIG. 7, and the toner can be collected in the vicinity of the opening, and the developing device comes into contact with the photosensitive belt from the second storage chamber 202 by the impact. It is possible to stably obtain a high transfer capacity to one storage chamber 201.
The toner conveying method shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is performed by moving the developing device and does not operate components such as the developing roller and the conveying paddle. Therefore, the toner conveying ability can be improved without shortening the service life.

本発明に係わるカラーレーザープリンタの概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a color laser printer according to the present invention. 本発明の実施例である現像装置概略図を示す図である。1 is a schematic diagram of a developing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 振動測定器にて現像装置の衝撃を測定したデータである。This is data obtained by measuring the impact of the developing device with a vibration measuring device. 複数色出力及び単色少数枚出力及び単色多数枚出力での5%画像消費時の第一収納室201と第二収納室202のトナー量の推移を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a change in toner amount in the first storage chamber 201 and the second storage chamber 202 when a 5% image is consumed in a multi-color output, a single-color minority sheet output, and a single-color majority sheet output. 本発明のフォロー図を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the follow figure of this invention. 本発明のフォロー図を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the follow figure of this invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る現像装置の構成を示す概略図である。1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a developing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1b 帯電器
1c 現像装置
1d 感光体クリーニング装置
1e 書き込みユニット
1f 中間転写ベルト
1g 搬送ローラ
1h 紙転写ローラ
1i 定着器
100 感光体ベルト
201 第一収納室
202 第二収納室
203 第二搬送パドル停止位置検出部
210 現像ロール
220 供給ロール
230 ドクターロール
232 クリーニング部材
241 第一搬送パドル
242 第二搬送パドル
243 第三搬送パドル
1b Charger 1c Developing device 1d Photoconductor cleaning device 1e Writing unit 1f Intermediate transfer belt 1g Conveying roller 1h Paper transfer roller 1i Fixing device 100 Photosensitive belt 201 First storage chamber 202 Second storage chamber 203 Second transport paddle stop position detection Section 210 Developing roll 220 Supply roll 230 Doctor roll 232 Cleaning member 241 First transport paddle 242 Second transport paddle 243 Third transport paddle

Claims (7)

現像剤担持体と、
現像剤担持体へ現像剤を供給する現像剤供給部材と、
現像剤担持体上の現像剤の厚みを規制する現像剤層規制部材と、
現像剤供給部材に現像剤を供給する回動可能な第一搬送部材を有する第一収納室と、
第一収納室へ供給するための現像剤を貯蔵する第二収納室を有する現像装置と、を備え、
前記現像装置が作像時に像担持体に対して移動をし、前記現像装置に組み込まれた像担持体に現像剤を供給する現像剤担持体が、像担持体に対して接触、又は微少な間隔をおいて停止することにより像担持体に現像剤を供給し、非作像時には前記像担持体から離間する動作を行う複数色からなる現像装置において、
前記現像装置が、複数色の作像動作終了時に作像動作を行ない、感光体への接離動作を少なくとも1回以上行なうことを特徴とする現像装置。
A developer carrier;
A developer supply member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member;
A developer layer regulating member that regulates the thickness of the developer on the developer carrying member;
A first storage chamber having a rotatable first transport member for supplying the developer to the developer supply member;
A developing device having a second storage chamber for storing a developer to be supplied to the first storage chamber,
The developer carrying member moves relative to the image carrier during image formation, and the developer carrier for supplying the developer to the image carrier incorporated in the developing device is in contact with the image carrier or a minute amount. In a developing device consisting of a plurality of colors that supplies the developer to the image carrier by stopping at intervals and performs an operation of separating from the image carrier during non-image formation,
The developing device, wherein the developing device performs an image forming operation at the end of the image forming operation for a plurality of colors and performs the contact / separation operation with respect to the photosensitive member at least once.
請求項1記載の現像装置において、前記現像装置が、出力画像の画素により接離動作の回数を切り分けることを特徴とする現像装置。 2. The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the developing device separates the number of contact / separation operations according to pixels of an output image. 請求項1又は2に記載の現像装置において、前記現像装置が、回動可能な第二搬送部材を有する前記第二収納室に第二搬送部材位置検出部材を設け、複数色の作像終了時に開口部下方の所定の位置に第二搬送部材を停止させることを特徴とする現像装置。 3. The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the developing device is provided with a second transport member position detection member in the second storage chamber having a rotatable second transport member, and at the end of image formation of a plurality of colors. A developing device, wherein the second conveying member is stopped at a predetermined position below the opening. 請求項1又は2に記載の現像装置において、前記現像装置が、単色作像時に接離動作を行い、画像形成装置に設置されていることを特徴とする現像装置。 3. The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the developing device performs a contact / separation operation at the time of monochrome image formation and is installed in the image forming apparatus. プロセスカートリッジが、少なくとも像担持体と請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の現像装置とを一体に支持し、画像形成装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とするプロセスカートリッジ。 5. A process cartridge, wherein the process cartridge integrally supports at least the image carrier and the developing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is detachable from the main body of the image forming apparatus. 画像形成装置が、請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の現像装置を備えることを特徴とする画像形成装置。 An image forming apparatus comprising the developing device according to claim 1. 画像形成装置が、請求項5に記載のプロセスカートリッジを備えることを特徴とする画像形成装置。 An image forming apparatus comprising the process cartridge according to claim 5.
JP2005279660A 2005-09-27 2005-09-27 Developing device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP4807993B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016048279A (en) * 2014-08-27 2016-04-07 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 Image forming apparatus

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JPH09171300A (en) * 1995-12-20 1997-06-30 Seiko Epson Corp Image forming device
JPH11327397A (en) * 1998-05-11 1999-11-26 Canon Inc Image forming device
JP2004004210A (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-01-08 Ricoh Co Ltd Developing device and image forming device
JP2004191862A (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-07-08 Ricoh Co Ltd Development apparatus
JP2004233843A (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-19 Ricoh Co Ltd Powder discharge device and image forming apparatus

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09171300A (en) * 1995-12-20 1997-06-30 Seiko Epson Corp Image forming device
JPH11327397A (en) * 1998-05-11 1999-11-26 Canon Inc Image forming device
JP2004004210A (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-01-08 Ricoh Co Ltd Developing device and image forming device
JP2004191862A (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-07-08 Ricoh Co Ltd Development apparatus
JP2004233843A (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-19 Ricoh Co Ltd Powder discharge device and image forming apparatus

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016048279A (en) * 2014-08-27 2016-04-07 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 Image forming apparatus

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