JP2007005313A - Fuel cell system and its drive method - Google Patents

Fuel cell system and its drive method Download PDF

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JP2007005313A
JP2007005313A JP2006174252A JP2006174252A JP2007005313A JP 2007005313 A JP2007005313 A JP 2007005313A JP 2006174252 A JP2006174252 A JP 2006174252A JP 2006174252 A JP2006174252 A JP 2006174252A JP 2007005313 A JP2007005313 A JP 2007005313A
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fuel cell
unit
power supply
electricity
supply unit
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Won-Hyuk Chang
元赫 張
Jong Ky Lee
鍾基 李
Dong-Yun Lee
東潤 李
Si-Hyun Lee
時賢 李
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Samsung SDI Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
    • H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
    • H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
    • H01M8/04626—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
    • H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/30—Fuel cells in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell system maintaining the constant amount of the output power from a fuel cell, while supplying the amount of the power required by the loading system. <P>SOLUTION: The fuel cell system comprises: a fuel cell unit which generates the electricity using fuel or air in a fuel cell system that supplies the electricity to the loading system; a power supply unit which supplies the electricity to the loading system and is charged selectively by the electricity supplied from the fuel cell; a control unit which monitors a charge state of the power supply and charges the power supply by operating the fuel cell when the power supply is discharged to the predetermined level or less; and an output unit which supplies the electricity from the power supply to the loading system. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は燃料電池システムに関するものであって、より詳しくは、燃料電池及び補助電源を使用して負荷システムを動作させる、燃料電池システム及びその駆動方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a fuel cell system, and more particularly, to a fuel cell system and a driving method thereof for operating a load system using a fuel cell and an auxiliary power source.

従来は、小型電気機器を携帯して使用するために、多様な種類の１次電池または２次電池が使用されてきた。しかし、最近の小型電気機器の高性能化によって、消費電力が大きくなったため、小型で軽量の１次電池では十分なエネルギーを供給することができなくなっている。また、２次電池は、繰返し充電して使用することができる利点があるが、１回の充電によって供給することができるエネルギーは１次電池よりも少なく、充電のために別途の電源及び充電装置が必要であり、充電に通常は数十分から数時間かかるので、２次電池の使用は不便である。   Conventionally, various types of primary batteries or secondary batteries have been used to carry and use small electric devices. However, since the power consumption has increased due to the recent high performance of small electric devices, a small and lightweight primary battery cannot supply sufficient energy. In addition, the secondary battery has an advantage that it can be repeatedly charged and used, but the energy that can be supplied by one charge is less than that of the primary battery, and a separate power source and charging device are used for charging. Since it usually takes several tens of minutes to several hours for charging, the use of a secondary battery is inconvenient.

結局、今後も電気機器のさらなる小型化、軽量化が進み、無線ネットワーク環境が整備されて、電気機器を携帯して使用する傾向が顕著になるという点を考慮する時、従来の１次電池または２次電池では、電気機器の駆動に十分なエネルギーを供給するのが難しい。   After all, when considering that the electric devices will continue to become smaller and lighter, the wireless network environment will be improved, and the tendency to carry and use electric devices will become significant. In the secondary battery, it is difficult to supply sufficient energy for driving the electric device.

このような問題の解決策として、小型の燃料電池が注目されている。燃料電池は、従来は、大型発電機や自動車の駆動源として開発が進められてきた。これは、燃料電池が従来の発電システムに比べて発電効率が高く、廃棄物が汚くないというのが主な理由である。また、体積当たり、または重量当たり供給が可能なエネルギーの量が従来の１次電池または２次電池に比べて数倍から数十倍であるので、燃料を交換しさえすれば連続して使用することができ、２次電池のように充電時間がかからないので、燃料電池システムは、小型電気機器の駆動源としても注目されている。   As a solution to such a problem, a small fuel cell has attracted attention. Conventionally, fuel cells have been developed as a driving source for large generators and automobiles. This is mainly because the fuel cell has higher power generation efficiency than the conventional power generation system and the waste is not dirty. Further, since the amount of energy that can be supplied per volume or weight is several to several tens of times that of a conventional primary battery or secondary battery, it can be used continuously as long as the fuel is changed. In addition, since it does not take a charging time like a secondary battery, the fuel cell system is attracting attention as a driving source for small electric devices.

一般に、燃料電池とは、電気化学反応によって燃料の化学エネルギーを電気エネルギーに直接変換させる電気化学装置をいう。例えば、石油や天然ガスなどの燃料を改質して生成された水素や純粋な水素を空気中の酸素と反応させることによって電気エネルギーを生成し、この時、熱及び水蒸気（水）が副産物として生産される。電気化学反応によって電気を生成するという点では電池の性質と類似しており、供給された燃料によって動作するという点ではエンジンと類似している。つまり、外部から燃料の供給を受け、この燃料を分解したり合成したりすることによって電気を生成するのである。したがって、別途の充電過程なしで燃料の供給だけで電気を生成することができるという長所がある。燃料の量が十分であれば十分な時間使用することができ、燃料の補充は充電時間とは比較にならないほど短時間で行うことができる。   In general, a fuel cell refers to an electrochemical device that directly converts chemical energy of a fuel into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. For example, electric energy is generated by reacting hydrogen or pure hydrogen generated by reforming fuels such as oil and natural gas with oxygen in the air, and at this time, heat and water vapor (water) are by-products. Produced. It is similar to the nature of a battery in that it generates electricity through an electrochemical reaction, and it is similar to an engine in that it operates with supplied fuel. In other words, electricity is generated by receiving the supply of fuel from the outside and decomposing or synthesizing the fuel. Therefore, there is an advantage that electricity can be generated only by supplying fuel without a separate charging process. If the amount of fuel is sufficient, it can be used for a sufficient time, and the replenishment of fuel can be performed in such a short time that it is not compared with the charging time.

しかし、現在までの技術水準では、燃料電池は、安定して一定水準の電気を生成することができないため、携帯用小型電気機器、例えばノートパソコンなどの電源として使用するには限界がある。   However, since the fuel cell cannot stably generate a certain level of electricity at the technical level up to now, there is a limit to use it as a power source for portable small electric devices such as notebook computers.

そこで、このような点を考慮すると、燃料電池が初期動作から安定した動作に移行するまでには所定の時間が必要である。そのため、動作初期には燃料電池からは所望の電気の供給を受けることができないので、このような問題を解決するために、２次電池及び燃料電池を共に使用するハイブリッド型燃料電池システムが開発されている。   In view of this point, a predetermined time is required until the fuel cell shifts from the initial operation to the stable operation. For this reason, since the fuel cell cannot receive the desired electricity supply in the initial stage of operation, a hybrid fuel cell system using both the secondary battery and the fuel cell has been developed to solve such a problem. ing.

しかし、このようなハイブリッド型燃料電池システムも、燃料電池の技術的限界、つまり安定した電気の生成が難しいので、現実的に携帯用小型電気機器に採択して使用するには限界がある。   However, such a hybrid fuel cell system also has a technical limit of the fuel cell, that is, it is difficult to generate stable electricity, and thus there is a limit to practical use in a small portable electric device.

したがって、本発明が解決しようとする技術的課題は、前記問題を改善して、安定した電気の供給を可能にした、燃料電池システム及びその駆動方法を提供することにある。   Therefore, a technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system and a driving method thereof that improve the above-described problem and enable stable supply of electricity.

このような目的を達成するために、本発明の一実施例によって提供される燃料電池システムは、負荷システムに電気を供給する燃料電池システムにおいて、燃料及び空気を使用して電気を生成する燃料電池部と、前記負荷システムに電気を供給して、前記燃料電池部から供給される前記電気によって選択的に充電される電源部と、前記電源部の充電状態をモニタリングして、前記電源部が所定の基準以下に放電されると、前記燃料電池部を動作させて前記電源部を充電する制御部と、前記電源部から出力される前記電気を前記負荷システムに供給する出力部とを含む。   To achieve the above object, a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is a fuel cell system that generates electricity using fuel and air in a fuel cell system that supplies electricity to a load system. A power supply unit that supplies electricity to the load system and is selectively charged by the electricity supplied from the fuel cell unit, and monitors a charging state of the power supply unit, so that the power supply unit is predetermined A control unit that operates the fuel cell unit to charge the power source unit when discharged below the standard, and an output unit that supplies the electricity output from the power source unit to the load system.

本発明の実施例で、前記制御部は、前記電源部が所定の基準以上に充電されると、前記燃料電池部の動作をオフするように動作する。   In an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit operates to turn off the operation of the fuel cell unit when the power supply unit is charged above a predetermined reference.

また、本発明の実施例による燃料電池システムは、前記電源部に連結されて、前記電源部を外部電源に接続させて前記電源部を充電するインターフェース部をさらに含む。   In addition, the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes an interface unit that is connected to the power source unit and connects the power source unit to an external power source to charge the power source unit.

本発明の他の実施例によって提供される燃料電池システムの駆動方法は、負荷システムに電気を供給し、燃料電池部及び電源部を含む燃料電池システムの駆動方法において、ａ）前記電源部から前記負荷システムに電気を供給する段階と、ｂ）前記電源部の充電状態をモニタリングして、前記電源部が所定の基準以下に放電されたかを判断する段階、そしてｃ）前記判断の結果、前記電源部が所定の基準以下に放電されると、前記燃料電池部を動作させて電気を生成し、これによって前記電源部を充電する段階とを含む。   According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a driving method of a fuel cell system comprising: a) a power supply unit that supplies electricity to a load system and includes a fuel cell unit and a power source unit; Supplying electricity to a load system; b) monitoring a charge state of the power supply unit to determine whether the power supply unit is discharged below a predetermined reference; and c) as a result of the determination, Operating the fuel cell unit to generate electricity when the unit is discharged below a predetermined reference, thereby charging the power source unit.

本発明の実施例による駆動方法によれば、前記ａ）段階で、前記燃料電池部の動作をオフした状態で、前記負荷システムに電気を供給する。   According to the driving method of the embodiment of the present invention, in the step a), electricity is supplied to the load system with the operation of the fuel cell unit turned off.

また、前記ｂ）段階の判断の結果、電源部が所定の基準以上に充電された状態を維持すれば、リアルタイムで前記電源部の放電状態をモニタリングする。   In addition, as a result of the determination in the step b), if the power supply unit is maintained charged to a predetermined standard or more, the discharge state of the power supply unit is monitored in real time.

また、本発明の実施例による燃料電池システムの駆動方法は、前記ｃ）段階で、前記電源部が所定の基準以上に充電されると、前記燃料電池部の動作をオフする段階をさらに含む。   In addition, the driving method of the fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a step of turning off the operation of the fuel cell unit when the power source unit is charged to a predetermined standard or more in the step c).

本発明によれば、前記問題を解決して、ハイブリッド型燃料電池システムを使用して 負荷システムに安定して電気を供給することができるようになる。この時、燃料電池システムでは、２次電池を使用して電気を供給するので、安定した電気の供給が可能であり、内部的には、この２次電池が放電される場合に、燃料電池が動作して２次電池を充電するので、電源が遮断される問題を防止することができる。また、この２次電池は、外部電源を使用して直接充電されることもできるので、使用が非常に便利な効果がある。   According to the present invention, the above problem can be solved and electricity can be stably supplied to the load system using the hybrid fuel cell system. At this time, in the fuel cell system, the secondary battery is used to supply electricity, so that stable electricity supply is possible. Internally, when the secondary battery is discharged, the fuel cell Since it operates and charges a secondary battery, the problem that a power supply is interrupted | blocked can be prevented. In addition, since the secondary battery can be directly charged using an external power source, it is very convenient to use.

以下、添付した図面を参照して、本発明の実施例について、本発明が属する技術分野で通常の知識を有する者が容易に実施することができるように詳しく説明する。しかし、本発明は多様な相異した形態で具現され、ここで説明する実施例に限定されない。図面では、本発明を明確に説明するために、説明に不必要な部分は省略した。明細書全体を通して類似した部分には、同一な図面符号を付けた。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement the embodiments. However, the present invention may be embodied in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In the drawings, parts unnecessary for the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention. Similar parts throughout the specification are marked with the same reference numerals.

図１は本発明の実施例による燃料電池システム１００の概略的な構成を示した図面である。
この実施例の燃料電池システム１００は、燃料電池部１１０、制御部１２０、電源部１３０、及び出力部１４０を含む。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The fuel cell system 100 of this embodiment includes a fuel cell unit 110, a control unit 120, a power supply unit 130, and an output unit 140.

ここで、燃料電池部１１０は、燃料保存部１１１、ポンプ１１２、改質部（ｒｅｆｏｒｍｅｒ）１１３、空気吸入部１１５、及び燃料電池スタック１１７を含む。   Here, the fuel cell unit 110 includes a fuel storage unit 111, a pump 112, a reforming unit (reformer) 113, an air suction unit 115, and a fuel cell stack 117.

燃料保存部１１１は、メタノール、石油などの化学燃料を保存するタンクから構成される。ポンプ１１２は、燃料保存部１１１に保存された燃料をポンピングして、改質部１１３に供給する。空気吸入部１１５は、燃料保存部１１１から供給された燃料と電気化学反応を起こすための空気を外部から吸入して、燃料電池スタック１１７に供給する。改質部１１３は、ポンプ１１２によって燃料保存部１１１から供給を受けた燃料の改質反応を起こして、水素を生成する。燃料電池スタック１１７は、改質部１１３で生成されて供給された水素及び空気吸入部１１５から供給された空気を使用して電気化学反応を起こして、起電力を発生させる。   The fuel storage unit 111 includes a tank that stores a chemical fuel such as methanol or petroleum. The pump 112 pumps the fuel stored in the fuel storage unit 111 and supplies it to the reforming unit 113. The air suction unit 115 sucks air for causing an electrochemical reaction with the fuel supplied from the fuel storage unit 111 from the outside, and supplies the air to the fuel cell stack 117. The reformer 113 generates hydrogen by causing a reforming reaction of the fuel supplied from the fuel storage unit 111 by the pump 112. The fuel cell stack 117 generates an electromotive force by causing an electrochemical reaction using the hydrogen generated and supplied by the reforming unit 113 and the air supplied from the air suction unit 115.

制御部１２０は、電源部１３０の充電状態をモニタリングして、所定の基準を満たさない（例：７０％放電）場合には、ポンプ１１２を開放して燃料が改質部１１３に供給されるようにすることによって燃料電池部１１０を動作させ、これによって発生する起電力で電源部１３０を充電するように動作する。   The control unit 120 monitors the state of charge of the power supply unit 130. If the predetermined standard is not satisfied (eg, 70% discharge), the pump 112 is opened and fuel is supplied to the reforming unit 113. Thus, the fuel cell unit 110 is operated, and the power source unit 130 is charged with the electromotive force generated thereby.

電源部１３０は、負荷システム（ｌｏａｄ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ、図示せず）の駆動に必要な電気を供給する。この電源部１３０は、充電が必要な場合には、選択的な方法によって充電される。つまり、外部電源を使用して充電されるか、及び／またはシステムの内部の燃料電池を使用して充電される。これについては下記で詳しく説明する。この電源部１３０は、好ましくは２次電池から構成され、この電源部１３０が２次電池から構成される場合には、この２次電池を外部電源と接続させて２次電池を充電するインターフェース部１５０をさらに含む。   The power supply unit 130 supplies electricity necessary for driving a load system (not shown). The power supply unit 130 is charged by a selective method when charging is required. That is, it is charged using an external power source and / or charged using a fuel cell inside the system. This will be described in detail below. The power supply unit 130 is preferably composed of a secondary battery, and when the power supply unit 130 is composed of a secondary battery, an interface unit that charges the secondary battery by connecting the secondary battery to an external power source. 150 is further included.

このような電源部１３０は、前記２次電池を含んで燃料電池スタック１１７と電気的に連結される電池パックを複数含むこともできる。   The power supply unit 130 may include a plurality of battery packs including the secondary battery and electrically connected to the fuel cell stack 117.

燃料電池システム１００の動作時に、前記パックのうちのいずれか一つのパックは電気を放電してメイン電源として使用され、他の一つのパックは電気を充電するマルチバッテリーモード方式で具現される。   During operation of the fuel cell system 100, any one of the packs may be used as a main power source by discharging electricity, and the other pack may be implemented in a multi-battery mode method for charging electricity.

一方、出力部１４０は、電源部１３０及び負荷システムを互いに連結して、前記電源部１３０に充電された電気を前記負荷システム、例えばノートパソコンなどの小型電気機器に伝達する。   Meanwhile, the output unit 140 connects the power supply unit 130 and the load system to each other, and transmits electricity charged in the power supply unit 130 to the load system, for example, a small electric device such as a notebook computer.

以下、添付した図面を参照して、電源部１３０が選択的に充電される過程について詳しく説明する。図２は電源部の充電過程を示したフローチャートである。   Hereinafter, a process of selectively charging the power supply unit 130 will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a charging process of the power supply unit.

前記負荷システムの動作初期に、制御部１２０は、ポンプ１１２を閉鎖して燃料が改質部１１３に供給されるのを遮断して、燃料電池部１１０の動作をオフ（ｏｆｆ）する。したがって、前記負荷システムの動作初期に、前記負荷システムは、電源部１３０から供給される電気を使用して動作するようになる（Ｓ１１）。   In the initial operation of the load system, the control unit 120 closes the pump 112 to shut off the supply of fuel to the reforming unit 113 and turns off the operation of the fuel cell unit 110. Therefore, at the initial operation of the load system, the load system operates using electricity supplied from the power supply unit 130 (S11).

このように、前記負荷システムが電源部１３０から供給される電気で動作するようになれば、制御部１２０は、電源部１３０の動作状態をリアルタイムでモニタリングする。一方、前記負荷システムに供給される電気は、電源部１３０から供給される。   As described above, when the load system is operated by electricity supplied from the power supply unit 130, the control unit 120 monitors the operation state of the power supply unit 130 in real time. Meanwhile, electricity supplied to the load system is supplied from the power supply unit 130.

そして、制御部１２０は、電源部１３０の充電状態をモニタリングし（Ｓ１２）、この電源部１３０の充電状態が所定の基準以下に低下（例：電源部１３０の充電容量の７０％以下に放電）するかをリアルタイムで判断する（Ｓ１３）。   Then, the control unit 120 monitors the state of charge of the power supply unit 130 (S12), and the state of charge of the power supply unit 130 decreases below a predetermined reference (eg, discharge to 70% or less of the charge capacity of the power supply unit 130). Whether to do this is determined in real time (S13).

このモニタリングの結果、電源部１３０の充電状態が所定の基準以上を維持していれば、前記段階（Ｓ１２）に復帰して、電源部１３０の充電状態をモニタリングする。   As a result of the monitoring, if the state of charge of the power supply unit 130 maintains a predetermined standard or more, the process returns to the step (S12) and the state of charge of the power supply unit 130 is monitored.

反面、電源部１３０の充電状態が所定の基準以下に低下すると、制御部１２０は、ポンプ１１２を開放して改質部１１３に燃料を供給することによって燃料電池部１１０を動作させ、この過程で燃料電池部１１０で生成された電気は、電源部１３０に供給されて電源部１３０を充電する（Ｓ１４）。   On the other hand, when the state of charge of the power supply unit 130 falls below a predetermined reference, the control unit 120 operates the fuel cell unit 110 by opening the pump 112 and supplying fuel to the reforming unit 113. The electricity generated by the fuel cell unit 110 is supplied to the power supply unit 130 to charge the power supply unit 130 (S14).

このような過程で、電源部１３０が所定の基準以上に充電されると（例：電源部１３０の充電容量の９０％以上に充電）、制御部１２０は、ポンプ１１２を閉鎖して燃料電池部１１０の動作をオフする。   In such a process, when the power supply unit 130 is charged to a predetermined standard or higher (eg, charged to 90% or more of the charging capacity of the power supply unit 130), the control unit 120 closes the pump 112 and closes the fuel cell unit. The operation of 110 is turned off.

このように、電源部１３０は、前記負荷システムに電気を供給し、それと同時に燃料電池部１１０から供給される電気によって充電されるので、前記負荷システムに安定して電気を供給することができる。   As described above, the power supply unit 130 supplies electricity to the load system, and at the same time, is charged by electricity supplied from the fuel cell unit 110, so that electricity can be stably supplied to the load system.

一方、電源部１３０は、前記過程以外にも、外部電源によって直接充電されることができる。つまり、電源部１３０は、電源部１３０に連結されているインターフェース部１５０を通じて外部電源から電気の供給を受けることができ、この外部電源によっても電源部１３０は充電される。   Meanwhile, the power source unit 130 may be directly charged by an external power source in addition to the above process. That is, the power supply unit 130 can be supplied with electricity from an external power source through the interface unit 150 connected to the power supply unit 130, and the power supply unit 130 is charged by the external power supply.

このように、この実施例の燃料電池システムは、動作中に自動的に燃料電池部１１０から電気の供給を受けて充電される一方で、外部電源によっても直接電気の供給を受けて充電されるので、負荷システムに安定した電気の供給が可能である。また、外部電源を使用することができない環境で負荷システムを使用する場合にも、燃料電池によって持続的な充電が可能なので、電源部が完全に放電される問題を解決することができる。   As described above, the fuel cell system of this embodiment is charged by being automatically supplied with electricity from the fuel cell unit 110 during operation, and is also charged by being directly supplied with electricity by an external power source. Therefore, stable power supply to the load system is possible. Further, even when the load system is used in an environment where an external power supply cannot be used, since the fuel cell can be continuously charged, the problem that the power supply unit is completely discharged can be solved.

前記では、本発明の好ましい実施例について説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されず、特許請求の範囲、発明の詳細な説明、及び添付した図面の範囲内で多様に変形して実施することができ、これも本発明の範囲に属する。   Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the claims, the detailed description of the invention, and the attached drawings. This is also within the scope of the present invention.

本発明の一実施例による燃料電池システムの概略的な構成を示したブロック図である。1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施例による燃料電池部が電源部を充電する過程を概略的に示したフローチャートである。5 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a process in which a fuel cell unit charges a power source unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１００ 燃料電池システム
１１０ 燃料電池部
１１１ 燃料保存部
１１２ ポンプ
１１３ 改質部
１１５ 空気吸入部
１１７ 燃料電池スタック
１２０ 制御部
１３０ 電源部
１４０ 出力部
１５０ インターフェース部


DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Fuel cell system 110 Fuel cell part 111 Fuel preservation | save part 112 Pump 113 Reforming part 115 Air intake part 117 Fuel cell stack 120 Control part 130 Power supply part 140 Output part 150 Interface part


Claims (8)

負荷システムに電気を供給する燃料電池システムにおいて、
燃料及び空気を使用して電気を生成する燃料電池部；
前記負荷システムに電気を供給して、前記燃料電池部から供給される前記電気によって選択的に充電される電源部；
前記電源部の充電状態をモニタリングして、前記電源部が所定の基準以下に放電されると、前記燃料電池部を動作させて前記電源部を充電する制御部；及び
前記電源部から出力される前記電気を前記負荷システムに供給する出力部；を含む、燃料電池システム。 In a fuel cell system for supplying electricity to a load system,
A fuel cell unit that generates electricity using fuel and air;
A power supply unit that supplies electricity to the load system and is selectively charged by the electricity supplied from the fuel cell unit;
Monitoring the state of charge of the power supply unit, and when the power supply unit is discharged below a predetermined reference, a control unit that operates the fuel cell unit to charge the power supply unit; and is output from the power supply unit An output unit for supplying the electricity to the load system; 前記制御部は、前記電源部が所定の基準以上に充電されると、前記燃料電池部の動作をオフするように動作する、請求項１に記載の燃料電池システム。   2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit operates to turn off the operation of the fuel cell unit when the power supply unit is charged to a predetermined reference or more. 前記電源部は２次電池を含む、請求項１に記載の燃料電池システム。   The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the power supply unit includes a secondary battery. 前記電源部に連結されて、前記電源部を外部電源に接続させて前記電源部を充電するインターフェース部をさらに含む、請求項１に記載の燃料電池システム。   2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising an interface unit coupled to the power source unit and charging the power source unit by connecting the power source unit to an external power source. 負荷システムに電気を供給し、燃料電池部及び電源部を含む燃料電池システムの駆動方法において、
ａ）前記電源部から前記負荷システムに電気を供給する段階；
ｂ）前記電源部の充電状態をモニタリングして、前記電源部が所定の基準以下に放電されたかを判断する段階；そして、
ｃ）前記判断の結果、前記電源部が所定の基準以下に放電されると、前記燃料電池部を動作させて電気を生成し、これによって前記電源部を充電する段階；を含む、燃料電池システムの駆動方法。 In a driving method of a fuel cell system that supplies electricity to a load system and includes a fuel cell unit and a power source unit,
a) supplying electricity from the power supply to the load system;
b) monitoring the state of charge of the power supply unit to determine whether the power supply unit is discharged below a predetermined reference;
and c) operating the fuel cell unit to generate electricity when the power source unit is discharged below a predetermined reference as a result of the determination, thereby charging the power source unit. Driving method. 前記ａ）段階で、前記負荷システムに電気が供給されると、前記燃料電池部の動作はオフされる、請求項５に記載の燃料電池システムの駆動方法。   6. The method of driving a fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein when the electricity is supplied to the load system in step a), the operation of the fuel cell unit is turned off. 前記ｂ）段階の判断の結果、電源部が所定の基準以上に充電された状態を維持すれば、リアルタイムで前記電源部の放電状態をモニタリングする、請求項５に記載の燃料電池システムの駆動方法。   6. The method of driving a fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein, as a result of the determination in step b), the discharge state of the power supply unit is monitored in real time if the power supply unit maintains a state of being charged beyond a predetermined reference. . 前記ｃ）段階で、前記電源部が所定の基準以上に充電されると、前記燃料電池部の動作をオフする段階をさらに含む、請求項５に記載の燃料電池システムの駆動方法。


6. The method of driving a fuel cell system according to claim 5, further comprising a step of turning off the operation of the fuel cell unit when the power source unit is charged to a predetermined reference or more in step c).


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