JP2006506196A - 力の調節のためのレンズシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2002年11月20日に提出された「Lens System and Method for Power Adjustment」と題する米国仮出願第60/428、173号(整理番号第S−APV−001号)の優先権の利益を主張する。
本発明は、原位置において調整可能な光学パラメータを有するレンズに関する。より詳細には、本発明は、外部エネルギー源がレンズに印加されて該レンズの内部セル内の流体媒体の運動が制御され、それによりレンズの曲率が変更されて収差が補正される、白内障患者に対する嚢内移植用IOL、及びコンタクトレンズに用途を有する。
白内障は、世界における失明の主要な原因であり、且つ最も一般的な眼疾患である。白内障による視覚障害は、年間800万件を越える外来診療の理由となっている。白内障による障害が個人の日常生活動作に影響を及ぼすか又はそれを変える場合、眼内レンズ(IOL)移植を伴う外科的な水晶体除去は、機能的制限を治療する好ましい方法である。米国では、毎年約250万回の白内障外科手術が行われており、65歳を越える米国人に対する最も一般的な手術となっている。白内障手術患者の約97%は、眼内レンズ移植を受けており、米国における白内障手術及び関連医療に対する年間費用は、40億ドル以上となっている。
上記のことを考慮し、本発明の目的は、焦点外れ誤差、乱視及び高次収差などの誤差を補正するためにレンズ表面の局所的原位置修正を可能にする装置並びに方法を提供することにある。
本発明は、植込み型眼内レンズ(「IOL」)及びカスタムコンタクトレンズの分野に特に適用可能性を有する、原位置において調整可能なレンズシステムを対象とする。以下に説明するように、本発明のシステムはまた、視力矯正に用いられる他の種類のレンズ、例えば有水晶体IOL及びコンタクトレンズの屈折力を調節するためにも利用することができる。便宜上、本システムを、例示的な嚢内IOLとの関連で最初に説明する。
マイクロバルブとして用いるために、SMA材料は、結晶状態に焼鈍され、その状態において、それは、該材料の相変化変態温度を経て加熱される際にマルテンサイトからオーステナイトへ結晶相変態する。その温度より低い際には、この材料は、応力に応答して「記憶形状」から塑性変形することができる。SMA材料を、変態温度を経て加熱する際に、それは、同時に相当な力を加えながら、力強くその記憶形状に戻る。
図面の簡単な説明
本発明の更なる特徴、その性質及び種々の利点は、添付の図面並びに以下の好ましい実施形態の詳細な説明からより明らかになろう。
Claims (29)
- レンズであって、
前面層及び後面層を形成するレンズ部;、
各々が内部の選択された流体の量を規定する変形可能なセルのアレイを備える該レンズ部の内部であって、それぞれの変形可能なセルが、該前面層若しくは該後面層と実質的に係合する内部;
流体を制御可能に流れさせて該変形可能なセルのアレイのうちの少なくとも一部内の該量を変更し、それにより該前面層又は該後面層を制御可能に変形させ且つ該レンズの光学パラメータを変更するための手段;
を備える、レンズ。 - 前記変形可能なセルのアレイは、前記前面層又は後面層に実質的に垂直な軸を定める、請求項1に記載のレンズ。
- 前記変形可能なセルのアレイは、六角形のセルを備える、請求項1に記載のレンズ。
- 前記変形可能なセルのアレイは、円形のセルを備える、請求項1に記載のレンズ。
- 流体を制御可能に流れさせて前記変形可能なセルのアレイのうちの少なくとも一部内の前記量を変更するための前記手段は、流路を介して各セルと連絡するレザバと、前記変形可能なセルと該レザバとの間の流体の運動を制御するための流れ制御機構とを備える、請求項1に記載のレンズ。
- 単一のレザバが、前記変形可能なセルのアレイの一部と連絡する、請求項1に記載のレンズ。
- 前記流れ制御機構は、犠牲栓を備える、請求項5に記載のレンズ。
- 前記流れ制御機構は、各流路に動作可能なように接続されたバルブを備える、請求項5に記載のレンズ。
- 前記バルブは、光作動式バルブである、請求項8に記載のレンズ。
- 前記レザバは、前記レンズの周縁部内に配置されている、請求項5に記載のレンズ。
- 視力矯正用の屈折力調整可能なレンズであって、
前部曲率及び後部曲率を規定する弾性レンズ体と、
該レンズ体の表面要素と係合する変形可能な流体充填構造体のアレイを含む該レンズ体の内部と、
流体をそれぞれの流体充填構造体に制御可能に流入又は流出させ、それにより該レンズを制御可能に変形させ且つその光学パラメータを変更する手段と、
を備えるレンズ。 - 流体をそれぞれの流体充填構造体に制御可能に流入又は流出させるための前記手段は、
それぞれの第1の流路および第2の流路を介して各流体充填構造体の内部チャンバと連絡する、第1レザバおよび第2のレザバと、
該各流体充填構造体の内部チャンバへの流体の流れを制御するための、該第1の流路および第2の流路に連結されたバルブシステムとを備える、
請求項11に記載のレンズ。 - 前記第1のレザバは、各流体充填構造体に対して高い内部流体圧力を定め、前記第2のレザバは、各流体充填構造体に対して低い内部流体圧力を定める、請求項12に記載のレンズ。
- 前記バルブシステムは、常時閉鎖されており、且つ外部エネルギー源からのエネルギーの印加によって開放可能である、請求項12に記載のレンズ。
- 前記バルブシステムは、光熱作動される、請求項12に記載のレンズ。
- 前記バルブシステムは、形状記憶合金製マイクロアクチュエータを含む、請求項12に記載のレンズ。
- 前記流体充填構造体の本体及び前記流体は、一致する屈折率を有する、請求項11に記載のレンズ。
- 前記流体充填構造体は、前記レンズの変形可能な表面要素に係合する変形可能な係合部を形成する、請求項11に記載のレンズ。
- 視力矯正に用いられるレンズの屈折力を調整する方法であって、該方法は、
レンズ体を提供する工程であって、該レンズ体は、該レンズの内部に、該レンズ体の表面要素に係合する複数の変形可能な流体充填構造体を有する、工程;ならびに
選択された流体充填構造体内の流体の量を制御可能に変更し、それにより該流体充填構造体及び該係合を受ける表面要素を変形し、それにより該レンズの光学パラメータを変更する工程
を包含する、方法。 - 前記表面要素の内側及び前記変形可能な流体充填構造体の外側の前記レンズ体内の空間に屈折率の一致した流体を提供する工程を更に含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 選択された流体充填構造体内の前記流体の前記量を制御可能に変更する工程は、外部エネルギー源からの光エネルギーによってバルブシステムを作動させる工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 選択された流体充填構造体内の前記流体の前記量を制御可能に変更する工程は、少なくとも1つのバルブを、外部エネルギー源からの光エネルギーによって、常時閉鎖位置から開放位置へ動かす工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 選択された流体充填構造体内の前記流体の前記量を制御可能に変更する工程は、少なくとも1つのバルブを、外部エネルギー源からの光エネルギーによって、常時開放位置から閉鎖位置へ動かす工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 選択された流体充填構造体内の前記流体の前記量を制御可能に変更する工程は、
波面感知システムを提供する工程と、
同時に前記レンズの光学パラメータを計算する工程と
を更に含む、請求項19に記載の方法。 - 前記流体を重合させて実質的に固体の状態とし、前記レンズの前記光学パラメータに永久的に固定する工程を更に含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 視力矯正用の屈折力調整可能なレンズであって、
弾性前面要素及び光学軸を形成するレンズ体と、
各々が流体が充填された内部チャンバを内部に有し且つ第1の後退位置と第2の伸長位置の間で光学軸を基準として伸長可能な1つ又はそれ以上の弾性構造体と、
レザバと、
屈折率の一致した流体を各弾性構造体に流入又は流出させて該弾性前面要素を変形させ且つ該レンズの光学パラメータを変更するための流れ制御機構と、
を備えるレンズ。 - 前記弾性構造体は、1と500の間の範囲に及ぶ数である、請求項26に記載のレンズ。
- 前記弾性構造体は、約20ミクロンと約5mmの間の範囲に及ぶ断面を有する、請求項26に記載のレンズ。
- 前記弾性構造体は、前記第1の後退位置と第2の伸長位置の間に、約1ミクロンと約100ミクロンの間の運動範囲を定める、請求項26に記載のレンズ。
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US20040169932A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
EP1563337A2 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
US20050143814A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
WO2004046768A3 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
US7068439B2 (en) | 2006-06-27 |
EP1563337A4 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
AU2003294418A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
US6836374B2 (en) | 2004-12-28 |
JP4662538B2 (ja) | 2011-03-30 |
CA2506753A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
WO2004046768A2 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
AU2003294418B2 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
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