JP2006351434A - Plated steel sheet for battery container, battery container using plated steel sheet for battery container, and battery using battery container - Google Patents

Plated steel sheet for battery container, battery container using plated steel sheet for battery container, and battery using battery container Download PDF

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JP2006351434A
JP2006351434A JP2005178224A JP2005178224A JP2006351434A JP 2006351434 A JP2006351434 A JP 2006351434A JP 2005178224 A JP2005178224 A JP 2005178224A JP 2005178224 A JP2005178224 A JP 2005178224A JP 2006351434 A JP2006351434 A JP 2006351434A
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nickel
plating
battery
layer
battery container
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JP5102945B2 (en
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Hitoshi Omura
等 大村
Tatsuo Tomomori
龍夫 友森
Yoshitaka Honda
義孝 本田
Eiji Yamane
栄治 山根
Eiji Okamatsu
栄次 岡松
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Toyo Kohan Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steel sheet for a battery container capable of obtaining battery performance equal to or higher than a battery using battery container obtained by working the conventional nickel plated steel sheet and applying a conductive material onto the inner surface, even if application of the conductive material onto the inner surface of the battery container is omitted, and to provide the battery container using the plated steel sheet for the battery container and the battery using the battery container. <P>SOLUTION: Nickel plating is applied, a carbon dispersion nickel plated layer or a carbon dispersion nickel alloy plating layer is formed after thermal diffusion treatment is applied after nickel plating onto at least the side which becomes the inner surface of the battery container of a steel sheet, and the upper layer is covered with cobalt to manufacture the plated steel sheet for the battery container, and the plated steel sheet is worked in the battery container and used in the battery. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、電池容器用めっき鋼板、その電池容器用めっき鋼板を用いた電池容器およびその電池容器を用いた電池に関する。   The present invention relates to a plated steel sheet for battery containers, a battery container using the plated steel sheet for battery containers, and a battery using the battery container.

近年、デジタルカメラ、CDプレーヤー、MDプレーヤー、液晶テレビ、ゲーム機器など、携帯用AV機器や携帯電話の発展とともに、重負荷の作動電源として一次電池であるアルカリ電池、二次電池であるニッケル水素電池、リチウムイオン電池などが多用されている。これらの電池においては、高出力化および長寿命化など、高性能化が求められており、正極および負極活物質を充填する電池容器も電池の重要な構成要素としての性能の向上が求められている。従来、これらの電池容器材料としては、強アルカリ性の電解液に対する耐食性と、電池容器内表面と正極合剤との界面における低接触抵抗の保持を可能とするため、予め冷延鋼板にニッケルめっきを施したニッケルめっき鋼板を電池容器に成形加工したもの、もしくは冷延鋼板を電池容器に成形加工した後、電池容器内外表面をバレルめっき法によりニッケルめっきしたものが用いられている。またニッケルめっき鋼板としては、ニッケルめっき層と鋼素地との密着性を向上し、成形加工時の鉄露出を抑制するため、ニッケルめっき後に熱処理を施して鋼素地とニッケルめっき層の間に鉄−ニッケル合金層(拡散層)を設ける熱拡散処理する方法が採用されているが、熱処理による拡散層を形成させる際に最表層にニッケル層が残存する場合は、ニッケル層の表面に強固な酸化被膜が存在するようになり、低接触抵抗を阻害するため、ニッケル層を全て鉄−ニッケル合金層(拡散層)に変換させる方法が提案されている(特許文献1)。また本発明者らは、ニッケル層または鉄−ニッケル合金層(拡散層)の上にニッケル−錫金合金層を生成させた鋼板を電池容器に成形加工して細かいひび割れを生じさせ、電池容器内面に凹凸面を構成し、正極合剤や導電性皮膜との接触面積を増大させて電池の内部抵抗を減少させる方法を提案している(特許文献2)。さらにまた電池性能を向上させるため、ニッケルめっき層の上に銀を被覆する方法などが提案されている(特許文献3)。   In recent years, with the development of portable AV equipment and mobile phones such as digital cameras, CD players, MD players, liquid crystal televisions, game machines, etc., alkaline batteries as primary batteries and nickel metal hydride batteries as secondary batteries as heavy load operating power sources Lithium ion batteries are often used. In these batteries, there is a demand for higher performance such as higher output and longer life, and battery containers filled with positive and negative electrode active materials are also required to have improved performance as important components of the battery. Yes. Conventionally, as these battery container materials, in order to make it possible to maintain corrosion resistance against a strong alkaline electrolyte and low contact resistance at the interface between the inner surface of the battery container and the positive electrode mixture, nickel plating is applied to the cold-rolled steel sheet in advance. A formed nickel-plated steel sheet is formed into a battery container, or a cold-rolled steel sheet is formed into a battery container, and then the inner and outer surfaces of the battery container are nickel-plated by barrel plating. Also, as a nickel-plated steel sheet, in order to improve the adhesion between the nickel-plated layer and the steel substrate and suppress the exposure of iron during forming, heat treatment is applied after the nickel plating, and the iron- Although a thermal diffusion method is used to provide a nickel alloy layer (diffusion layer), if a nickel layer remains on the outermost layer when forming a diffusion layer by heat treatment, a strong oxide film on the surface of the nickel layer In order to inhibit low contact resistance, a method of converting the entire nickel layer into an iron-nickel alloy layer (diffusion layer) has been proposed (Patent Document 1). In addition, the inventors of the present invention formed a nickel steel plate with a nickel-tin gold alloy layer on a nickel layer or an iron-nickel alloy layer (diffusion layer) into a battery container to cause fine cracks, and formed an inner surface of the battery container. A method for reducing the internal resistance of a battery by forming an uneven surface and increasing the contact area with a positive electrode mixture or a conductive film has been proposed (Patent Document 2). Furthermore, in order to improve battery performance, the method etc. which coat | cover silver on a nickel plating layer are proposed (patent document 3).

このように電池容器用材料を改善することにより電池の放電性能の向上を図ろうとする一方、低コストを目標として、電池容器内面と正極活物質との間の接触抵抗をされに低下させるために行なわれているカーボンや黒鉛などの粉末を主体とする導電物質の電池容器内面への塗布を省略する試みがなされている。しかしながら、導電物質の塗布を省略して現状の電池性能と同等もしくは同等以上にする低コスト化の提案は見受けられない。   In order to improve the discharge performance of the battery by improving the battery container material in this way, while reducing the contact resistance between the inner surface of the battery container and the positive electrode active material with the goal of low cost Attempts have been made to omit the application of conductive materials mainly composed of powder such as carbon and graphite to the inner surface of the battery container. However, no proposal has been made to reduce the cost by omitting the application of the conductive material so that it is equivalent to or better than the current battery performance.

本出願に関する先行技術文献情報として次のものがある。
特許公報 第2877957号公報 国際公開 WO00/05437号パンフレット 特開平08−017406号公報
Prior art document information relating to the present application includes the following.
Japanese Patent No. 2877957 International Publication WO00 / 05437 Pamphlet Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-017406

本発明においては、絞り加工や絞りしごき加工を施して電池容器に成形加工する際に電池容器内面側のめっき層に微小クラックが発生し、アルカリ電池の正極合剤との密着性が向上するとともに、アルカリ電解液中での導電性の劣化を少なくして、長期保存後に優れた電池性能を十分に発揮することが可能となり、電池容器内面の導電物質の塗布を省略しても、従来のニッケルめっき鋼板を成形加工した電池容器内面に導電物質を塗布した電池と同等以上の電池性能が得ることが可能な電池容器用めっき鋼板、その電池容器用めっき鋼板を用いた電池容器およびその電池容器を用いた電池を提供することを目的とする。   In the present invention, when a battery container is formed by drawing or ironing, micro cracks are generated in the plating layer on the inner surface of the battery container, and adhesion to the positive electrode mixture of the alkaline battery is improved. It is possible to reduce the deterioration of conductivity in alkaline electrolyte and to fully exhibit excellent battery performance after long-term storage. Even if the application of the conductive material on the inner surface of the battery container is omitted, the conventional nickel A plated steel sheet for a battery container capable of obtaining battery performance equal to or higher than that of a battery in which a conductive material is applied to the inner surface of the battery container formed by processing the plated steel sheet, a battery container using the plated steel sheet for the battery container, and the battery container It aims at providing the used battery.

本発明の目的を達成するため、本発明の電池容器用めっき鋼板は、鋼板の電池容器内面となる側の鋼板上の最表面にコバルト層とその下層に炭素質分散ニッケルめっき層が形成されてなることを特徴とする電池容器用めっき鋼板(請求項1)であり、
上記(請求項1)の電池容器用めっき鋼板において、前記鋼板上に、鋼板側から順に鉄−ニッケル合金層または/およびニッケル層が形成され、さらに該鉄−ニッケル合金層または/およびニッケル層上に炭素質分散ニッケルめっき層とその上層にコバルト層が形成されてなること(請求項2)を特徴とする。
本発明の電池容器用めっき鋼板は、また、鋼板の電池容器内面となる側の鋼板上の最表面にコバルト層とその下層に炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき層が形成されてなることを特徴とする電池容器用めっき鋼板(請求項3)であり、
上記(請求項3)の電池容器用めっき鋼板において、前記鋼板上に、鋼板側から順に鉄−ニッケル合金層または/およびニッケル層が形成され、さらに該鉄−ニッケル合金層または/およびニッケル層上に炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき層とその上層にコバルト層が形成されてなること(請求項4)を特徴とし、さらに、
上記(請求項3または4)の電池容器用めっき鋼板において、前記ニッケル合金めっきが、ニッケル−リン合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっき、ニッケル−ボロン合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金のいずれかであること(請求項5)を特徴とし、またさらに
上記(請求項1〜5)のいずれかの電池容器用めっき鋼板において、前記炭素質がカーボンブラックであること(請求項6)を特徴とする。
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the plated steel sheet for battery containers of the present invention has a cobalt layer formed on the outermost surface of the steel sheet on the side that is the inner surface of the battery container, and a carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating layer formed on the lower layer. A plated steel sheet for battery containers (claim 1),
In the plated steel sheet for battery containers of the above (Claim 1), an iron-nickel alloy layer or / and a nickel layer are formed on the steel sheet in order from the steel sheet side, and further on the iron-nickel alloy layer or / and the nickel layer. Further, the present invention is characterized in that a carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating layer and a cobalt layer are formed thereon (claim 2).
The plated steel sheet for battery containers of the present invention is also characterized in that a cobalt layer is formed on the outermost surface of the steel sheet on the side that is the battery container inner surface of the steel sheet, and a carbonaceous dispersed nickel alloy plated layer is formed below the cobalt layer. A plated steel sheet for battery containers (Claim 3);
In the plated steel sheet for battery containers of the above (Claim 3), an iron-nickel alloy layer or / and a nickel layer are formed on the steel sheet in order from the steel sheet side, and further on the iron-nickel alloy layer or / and the nickel layer. The carbonaceous dispersed nickel alloy plating layer and a cobalt layer formed thereon (Claim 4),
In the plated steel sheet for battery containers according to the above (claim 3 or 4), the nickel alloy plating is nickel-phosphorus alloy plating, nickel-cobalt alloy plating, nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating, nickel-boron alloy plating, nickel- It is one of cobalt-boron alloys (Claim 5), and in the plated steel sheet for battery containers according to any of the above (Claims 1 to 5), the carbonaceous material is carbon black ( (6).

また、本発明の電池容器は上記(請求項1〜6)のいずれかの電池容器用めっき鋼板を有底の筒型形状に成形加工してなる電池容器(請求項7)であり、
本発明の電池は上記の(請求項7)の電池容器を用いてなる電池である。
Moreover, the battery container of the present invention is a battery container (Claim 7) formed by processing the plated steel sheet for a battery container according to any of the above (Claims 1 to 6) into a bottomed cylindrical shape,
The battery of the present invention is a battery using the battery container according to the above (Claim 7).

本発明の電池容器用めっき鋼板は、鋼板の少なくとも電池容器内面となる側にニッケルめっきを施すか、またはニッケルめっきを施した後に熱拡散処理した後、炭素質分散ニッケルめっき層、もしくは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき層を形成させ、その上層にコバルトを被覆することを特徴とする。このように構成された電池容器用めっき鋼板においては、電池容器内面の表面に形成された皮膜は炭素質を分散させるために分散めっき浴に含有させた有機化合物により硬質脆化しているために、電池容器に成形加工すると皮膜に微小クラックが生成するとともに、炭素質分散めっき層内に分散析出した炭素質が微小クラックの側面や表面になる露出するようになる。その結果、二酸化マンガンを主成分とする正極活物質と電池容器内面との密着性が向上する。さらに、炭素質分散めっきに上にオーバーコートするコバルト層は、アルカリ電解液中では不働態化せず、電池保存時においても接触抵抗の増大を抑止する。すなわち、炭素質分散めっきによる、成形加工時の微小クラックの生成と導電性に優れる炭素質の表面への露出、ならびに該炭素質分散めっき層の上に施すコバルト層により、正極活物質との密着性を向上させるとともに、分散めっき層のアルカリ電解液中での保存時に生成する不働態皮膜に起因する接触抵抗の増大を抑止することが可能となる。この電池容器用めっき鋼板を成形加工して電池容器とした後、容器内面に黒鉛粉末を主体とする導電物質を塗布せずに電池を作製した場合、従来のニッケルめっきを施したままのニッケルめっき鋼板、あるいはニッケルめっきを施した後、熱処理する方法を用いて作製したニッケルめっき鋼板を電池容器に形成した後、導電物質を塗布した場合と比較して同等以上の電池性能を得ることができる。炭素質分散ニッケルめっき層もしくは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき層、あるいは、コバルトめっき層の単層めっき層を設けただけで導電物質を省いて電池容器とした場合は、従来法のニッケルめっき鋼板を用い、導電物質を塗布した電池容器とした場合に比べ電池性能は劣り、それぞれ単独のめっき層を被覆しためっき鋼板を用いた場合は、いずれも導電物質を塗布した従来法のニッケルめっき鋼板を用いた場合よりも電池性能は劣り、炭素質分散ニッケルめっき層もしくは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき層にコバルトめっき層を積層することにより、導電物質の塗布を省くことが可能であることを初めて本発明者らは見出した。   The plated steel sheet for battery containers according to the present invention is obtained by subjecting at least the inner surface of the steel sheet to nickel plating, or after performing heat diffusion treatment after applying nickel plating, carbonaceous dispersion nickel plating layer, or carbonaceous dispersion. A nickel alloy plating layer is formed, and the upper layer is coated with cobalt. In the plated steel sheet for battery containers configured in this way, the coating formed on the inner surface of the battery container is hard and brittle due to the organic compound contained in the dispersion plating bath in order to disperse the carbonaceous matter. When the battery container is molded, fine cracks are generated in the film, and the carbon material dispersed and deposited in the carbonaceous dispersion plating layer is exposed on the side surfaces and the surface of the fine cracks. As a result, the adhesion between the positive electrode active material mainly composed of manganese dioxide and the inner surface of the battery container is improved. Furthermore, the cobalt layer overcoated on the carbonaceous dispersion plating does not passivate in the alkaline electrolyte and suppresses an increase in contact resistance even when the battery is stored. That is, the adhesion of the positive electrode active material by the formation of microcracks during the molding process and the exposure to the surface of the carbonaceous material excellent in conductivity by the carbonaceous dispersion plating and the cobalt layer applied on the carbonaceous dispersion plating layer In addition, it is possible to suppress an increase in contact resistance due to a passive film formed when the dispersion plating layer is stored in an alkaline electrolyte. After forming this battery-plated steel sheet for a battery container into a battery container, if the battery is produced without applying a conductive material mainly composed of graphite powder to the inner surface of the container, the nickel plating that has been subjected to conventional nickel plating A battery performance equal to or higher than that obtained when a conductive material is applied after a steel plate or a nickel-plated steel plate produced using a method of heat treatment after nickel plating is formed on the battery container can be obtained. If the conductive material is omitted and the battery container is made by simply providing a carbon-dispersed nickel plating layer, carbon-dispersed nickel alloy plating layer, or cobalt plating layer, use a conventional nickel-plated steel sheet. The battery performance is inferior to that of a battery container coated with a conductive material. When using a plated steel sheet coated with a single plating layer, a conventional nickel-plated steel sheet coated with a conductive material was used. For the first time, the present inventors have found that the battery performance is inferior to that of the case, and it is possible to omit the application of the conductive material by laminating the cobalt plating layer on the carbonaceous dispersion nickel plating layer or the carbonaceous dispersion nickel alloy plating layer. Found.

以下、本発明の内容を説明する。本発明の電池容器用めっき鋼板の基板となる鋼板としては、絞り加工用の低炭素アルミキルド鋼(炭素量0.01〜0.15重量%)、またはニオブやチタンを添加した深絞り加工用の非時効性の極低炭素アルミキルド鋼(炭素量0.01重量%未満)を用いる。これらの鋼の熱間圧延板を酸洗して表面のスケールを除去した後、常法により冷間圧延し、次いで電解洗浄、焼鈍、調質圧延したものを基板として用いる。あるいは、冷間圧延し、次いで電解洗浄後の未焼鈍材を基板として用いることもできる。   The contents of the present invention will be described below. As a steel plate used as the substrate of the plated steel plate for battery containers of the present invention, low carbon aluminum killed steel for drawing (carbon content 0.01 to 0.15% by weight), or deep drawing for adding niobium or titanium. Non-aging ultra-low carbon aluminum killed steel (carbon content less than 0.01% by weight) is used. These steel hot-rolled plates are pickled to remove surface scales, then cold-rolled by a conventional method, and then subjected to electrolytic cleaning, annealing, and temper rolling as a substrate. Alternatively, an unannealed material that has been cold-rolled and then subjected to electrolytic cleaning can be used as a substrate.

基板である鋼板の電池容器の内面となる片面および外面となる片面には鋼素地の上に無光沢浴、もしくはこれに有機添加剤を含有させた半光沢浴を用いてニッケルめっきを施すことが好ましい。ニッケルめっきの付着量は、2.5〜25g/mの範囲とすることが好ましい。2.5g/m未満の場合は、鋼素地が充分に被覆されず露出が多くなり、鉄酸化物の形成により電池性能の劣化をきたす。一方25g/mを超えると鋼素地露出のおそれは皆無に等しくなるが経済的に好ましくなくなる。 Nickel plating can be applied to the inner and outer surfaces of the battery container of the steel plate that is the substrate using a matte bath on the steel substrate or a semi-gloss bath containing an organic additive. preferable. The adhesion amount of nickel plating is preferably in the range of 2.5 to 25 g / m 2 . When it is less than 2.5 g / m 2 , the steel base is not sufficiently covered and the exposure is increased, and the battery performance is deteriorated due to the formation of iron oxide. On the other hand, if it exceeds 25 g / m 2 , there is no possibility of exposing the steel substrate, but this is economically undesirable.

ニッケルめっきを施した後、またはニッケルめっきを施した後に熱処理を施した後、炭素質分散ニッケルめっきもしくは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっきを施す。ニッケルめっき後に熱処理を施した場合は、ニッケルめっき付着量と熱処理条件を適宜選択することにより、めっき層がすべて鉄−ニッケル合金層(拡散層)とするか、鉄−ニッケル合金層(拡散層)とニッケル層の2層構造のいずれかとすることができる。熱処理は箱型焼鈍法または連続焼鈍法のいずれかを用いる。この熱処理によりニッケルめっき層の一部または全部が鉄−ニッケル合金層(拡散層)へ変換される条件で熱処理する。すなわち、箱型焼鈍法を用いる場合は、450℃未満の加熱温度ではニッケルめっき層は軟化せず、同時に鉄−ニッケル合金層(拡散層)も形成されない。一方700℃を超える温度で加熱した場合は鉄−ニッケル合金層(拡散層)は充分に形成されるものの、鋼素地が軟質化し過ぎて電池容器の強度劣化を生じ好ましくない。このため熱処理温度としては450〜650℃、好ましくは500〜600℃の範囲とする。加熱時間としては上記の温度範囲において1〜6時間の均熱加熱することが好ましい。連続焼鈍法を用いる場合は600〜850℃の加熱温度で1〜5分間の加熱時間とすることが好ましい。また、熱処理後に基材の鋼板の機械的特性を調整するために調質圧延を施してもよい。   After nickel plating or after heat treatment after nickel plating, carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating or carbonaceous dispersed nickel alloy plating is performed. When heat treatment is performed after nickel plating, the plating layer can be all iron-nickel alloy layer (diffusion layer) or iron-nickel alloy layer (diffusion layer) by appropriately selecting the nickel plating adhesion amount and heat treatment conditions And a nickel layer two-layer structure. For the heat treatment, either a box-type annealing method or a continuous annealing method is used. The heat treatment is performed under a condition that a part or all of the nickel plating layer is converted into an iron-nickel alloy layer (diffusion layer) by this heat treatment. That is, when the box-type annealing method is used, the nickel plating layer is not softened at a heating temperature lower than 450 ° C., and at the same time, an iron-nickel alloy layer (diffusion layer) is not formed. On the other hand, when heated at a temperature exceeding 700 ° C., the iron-nickel alloy layer (diffusion layer) is sufficiently formed, but the steel base becomes too soft and the strength of the battery container is deteriorated. Therefore, the heat treatment temperature is 450 to 650 ° C, preferably 500 to 600 ° C. The heating time is preferably soaking for 1 to 6 hours in the above temperature range. When using a continuous annealing method, it is preferable to set it as the heating time of 1 to 5 minutes at the heating temperature of 600-850 degreeC. Further, temper rolling may be performed after the heat treatment in order to adjust the mechanical properties of the base steel sheet.

炭素質分散ニッケルめっきまたは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっきにおいて、分散させる炭素質としては、粒径が1〜10μmの天然黒鉛粉末や人造黒鉛粉末、チャンネルブラック、サーマルブラック、ファーネスブラック、ケッチェンブラック、アセチレンブラックなどのカーボンブラックからなる微細炭素質、カーボンナノチューブなどの極微細炭素質、あるいはこれらの2種以上を混合したものを用いることができる。極微細炭素質は高価であるため、平均径が10〜60nmのケッチェンブラックや平均径が50〜200nmのアセチレンブラックなどのカーボンブラックからなる微細炭素質を用いることがより好ましい。炭素質分散ニッケルめっきまたは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっきのめっき皮膜中の炭素質含有量は0.1〜5重量%(全金属量に対する炭素質含有量の比率)の範囲とすることが好ましく、0.5〜3重量%の量で分散されていることがより好ましい。これらの炭素質は疎水性であるので、界面活性剤を用いてめっき液中に分散させる。これらの炭素質を分散させためっき液を用いて電解処理することにより、めっき層中にこれらの炭素質が分散してなる分散めっきが得られる。   In carbon-dispersed nickel plating or carbon-dispersed nickel alloy plating, the carbon to be dispersed is natural graphite powder or artificial graphite powder having a particle size of 1 to 10 μm, channel black, thermal black, furnace black, ketjen black, acetylene. Fine carbonaceous materials made of carbon black such as black, ultrafine carbonaceous materials such as carbon nanotubes, or a mixture of two or more of these can be used. Since the ultrafine carbonaceous material is expensive, it is more preferable to use a fine carbonaceous material made of carbon black such as ketjen black having an average diameter of 10 to 60 nm or acetylene black having an average diameter of 50 to 200 nm. The carbonaceous content in the plating film of carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating or carbonaceous dispersed nickel alloy plating is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5% by weight (ratio of carbonaceous content to the total amount of metals). More preferably, it is dispersed in an amount of from 5 to 3% by weight. Since these carbonaceous materials are hydrophobic, they are dispersed in the plating solution using a surfactant. By performing an electrolytic treatment using a plating solution in which these carbonaceous materials are dispersed, a dispersion plating in which these carbonaceous materials are dispersed in the plating layer is obtained.

これらの炭素質をめっき皮膜中に分散させるマトリックスのめっきとしてはニッケル、またはニッケル合金めっきが好ましい。ニッケル合金めっきとしては、ニッケル−リン合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっき、ニッケル−ボロン合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金めっきのいずれかであることが好ましい。炭素質分散めっきのマトリックスめっきをニッケルめっきとする場合は、無光沢ニッケルめっき浴もしくは半光沢ニッケルめっきを用い、めっき付着量は0.5〜5g/mの範囲とすることが好ましい。0.5g/m未満では微小クラックの厚さが薄く、かつ炭素質の量が少ないため、充分な電池性能への向上効果が得られない。10g/mを超えると電池容器に成形加工した際にめっき皮膜に生じる微小クラックの深さが深くなり、クラックが鋼素地に達するようになり、電池容器に正極活物質、負極材、電極などを充填して電池とした組み立てた後に、鋼素地が露出してガスが過度に発生する恐れが生じる。 Nickel or nickel alloy plating is preferred as the matrix plating for dispersing these carbonaceous materials in the plating film. The nickel alloy plating is preferably any one of nickel-phosphorus alloy plating, nickel-cobalt alloy plating, nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating, nickel-boron alloy plating, and nickel-cobalt-boron alloy plating. When the matrix plating of the carbonaceous dispersion plating is nickel plating, it is preferable to use a matte nickel plating bath or a semi-bright nickel plating, and the plating adhesion amount is in the range of 0.5 to 5 g / m 2 . If it is less than 0.5 g / m 2 , the thickness of the microcracks is thin and the amount of carbonaceous matter is small, so that an improvement effect on sufficient battery performance cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 10 g / m 2 , the depth of micro cracks generated in the plating film when forming into the battery container becomes deep, the cracks reach the steel substrate, and the positive electrode active material, negative electrode material, electrode, etc. After assembling the battery into a battery, the steel base is exposed and there is a risk of excessive gas generation.

炭素質分散めっきのマトリックスめっきとしてニッケル−リン合金めっきを用いる場合は、通常の無光沢ニッケルめっき浴に亜リン酸を添加した浴を用いることが好ましい。ニッケル−リン合金めっきのめっき付着量は、マトリックスめっきをニッケルめっきとした場合と同様の理由から0.5〜5g/mの範囲とすることが好ましい。ニッケル−リン合金めっき皮膜中ののリン含有率(P/(Ni+P)×100)は1〜12%とすることが好ましい。1%未満では、ニッケル−リン合金めっきが充分に硬質化せず、一方12%を超えると析出効率が低下するなど、安定しためっき作業が困難となる。 When nickel-phosphorus alloy plating is used as matrix plating for carbonaceous dispersion plating, it is preferable to use a bath obtained by adding phosphorous acid to a normal matte nickel plating bath. The amount of nickel-phosphorus alloy plating is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 g / m 2 for the same reason as when the matrix plating is nickel plating. The phosphorus content (P / (Ni + P) × 100) in the nickel-phosphorus alloy plating film is preferably 1 to 12%. If it is less than 1%, the nickel-phosphorus alloy plating is not sufficiently hardened. On the other hand, if it exceeds 12%, the deposition efficiency is lowered, so that stable plating work becomes difficult.

炭素質分散めっきのマトリックスめっきとしてニッケル−コバルト合金めっきめっきを用いる場合は、ニッケルめっきに用いるワット浴に硫酸コバルトを添加した浴を用いることが好ましい。ニッケル−コバルト合金めっきのめっき付着量は、マトリックスめっきをニッケルめっきとした場合と同様の理由から0.5〜5g/mの範囲とすることが好ましい。ニッケル−コバルト合金めっきのコバルト含有率(Co/(Ni+Co)×100)は2.5〜50%の範囲とすることが好ましい。2.5%未満ではコバルトを含有させることによる電池保存後の導電性の劣化を抑止する効果が小さく、50%を超えると導電性の劣化抑止の効果が飽和に達し、不経済になる。 When nickel-cobalt alloy plating is used as matrix plating for carbonaceous dispersion plating, it is preferable to use a bath in which cobalt sulfate is added to a watt bath used for nickel plating. The plating adhesion amount of the nickel-cobalt alloy plating is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 g / m 2 for the same reason as when the matrix plating is nickel plating. The cobalt content (Co / (Ni + Co) × 100) of the nickel-cobalt alloy plating is preferably in the range of 2.5 to 50%. If it is less than 2.5%, the effect of suppressing the deterioration of conductivity after battery storage by containing cobalt is small, and if it exceeds 50%, the effect of suppressing the deterioration of conductivity reaches saturation, which is uneconomical.

炭素質分散めっきのマトリックスめっきとしてニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっきめっきを用いる場合は、ニッケルめっきに用いるワット浴に硫酸コバルトと亜リン酸を添加した浴を用いることが好ましい。ニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっきのめっきのめっき付着量は、マトリックスめっきをニッケルめっきとした場合と同様の理由から0.5〜5g/mの範囲とすることが好ましい。ニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっきのコバルト含有率(Co/(Ni+Co+P)×100)は、マトリックスめっきをニッケル−コバルト合金めっきとした場合と同様の理由から2.5〜50%の範囲とすることが好ましい。2.5%未満ではコバルトを含有させることによる電池保存後の導電性の劣化を抑止する効果が小さく、50%を超えると導電性の劣化抑止の効果が飽和に達して不経済になるとともに、ニッケル−コバルト−リン3元合金めっきの皮膜組成を制御することが難しくなる。また、ニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっきのリン含有率(P/(Ni+Co+P)×100)は、マトリックスめっきをニッケル−リン合金めっきとした場合と同様の理由から1〜12%の範囲とすることが好ましい。 When nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating is used as matrix plating for carbonaceous dispersion plating, it is preferable to use a bath in which cobalt sulfate and phosphorous acid are added to a watt bath used for nickel plating. The plating adhesion amount of nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 g / m 2 for the same reason as when the matrix plating is nickel plating. The cobalt content (Co / (Ni + Co + P) × 100) of the nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating should be in the range of 2.5 to 50% for the same reason as when the matrix plating is nickel-cobalt alloy plating. preferable. If it is less than 2.5%, the effect of suppressing the deterioration of conductivity after battery storage by containing cobalt is small, and if it exceeds 50%, the effect of suppressing the deterioration of conductivity reaches saturation and becomes uneconomical. It becomes difficult to control the film composition of nickel-cobalt-phosphorus ternary alloy plating. Further, the phosphorus content (P / (Ni + Co + P) × 100) of the nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating should be in the range of 1 to 12% for the same reason as when the matrix plating is nickel-phosphorus alloy plating. preferable.

炭素質分散めっきのマトリックスめっきとしてニッケル−ボロン合金めっきを用いる場合は、ニッケルめっきに用いるワット浴にトリメチルアミンボランを添加した浴を用いることが好ましい。ニッケル−ボロン合金めっきのめっき付着量は、マトリックスめっきをニッケルとした場合と同様の理由から0.5〜5g/mの範囲とすることが好ましい。ニッケル−ボロン合金めっきのボロン含有率(B/(Ni+B)×100)は1〜5%の範囲とすることが好ましい。1%未満では、ニッケル−ボロン合金めっきが充分に硬質化せず、 一方5%を超えると析出効率が低下するなど、安定しためっき作業が困難となる。 When nickel-boron alloy plating is used as matrix plating for carbonaceous dispersion plating, it is preferable to use a bath in which trimethylamine borane is added to a watt bath used for nickel plating. The amount of nickel-boron alloy plating is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 g / m 2 for the same reason as when nickel is used as the matrix plating. The boron content (B / (Ni + B) × 100) of the nickel-boron alloy plating is preferably in the range of 1 to 5%. If it is less than 1%, the nickel-boron alloy plating will not be hardened sufficiently, while if it exceeds 5%, the deposition efficiency will be reduced, making it difficult to perform stable plating operations.

炭素質分散めっきのマトリックスめっきとしてニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金めっきを用いる場合は、ニッケル−コバルトめっきに用いるめっき浴にトリメチルアミンボランを添加した浴を用いることが好ましい。ニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金めっきのめっき付着量は、マトリックスめっきをニッケル−コバルト合金とした場合と同様の理由から0.5〜5g/mの範囲とすることが好ましい。また、ニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金めっきのコバルト含有率(Co/(Ni+Co+B)×100)は、マトリックスめっきをニッケル−コバルト合金めっきとした場合と同様の理由から2.5〜50%の範囲とすることが好ましい。さらに、ニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金めっきのボロン含有率(B/(Ni+Co+B)×100)は、マトリックスめっきをニッケル−ボロン合金めっきとした場合と同様の理由から1〜5%の範囲とすることが好ましい。 When nickel-cobalt-boron alloy plating is used as matrix plating for carbonaceous dispersion plating, it is preferable to use a bath in which trimethylamine borane is added to a plating bath used for nickel-cobalt plating. The plating adhesion amount of the nickel-cobalt-boron alloy plating is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 g / m 2 for the same reason as when the matrix plating is a nickel-cobalt alloy. Further, the cobalt content (Co / (Ni + Co + B) × 100) of the nickel-cobalt-boron alloy plating is set to a range of 2.5 to 50% for the same reason as when the matrix plating is nickel-cobalt alloy plating. It is preferable. Furthermore, the boron content (B / (Ni + Co + B) × 100) of the nickel-cobalt-boron alloy plating should be in the range of 1 to 5% for the same reason as when the matrix plating is nickel-boron alloy plating. preferable.

また、炭素質ニッケルめっきやこれらの炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっきを施した後、引き続いて熱処理を施してもよい。熱処理することにより、ニッケル−リン合金めっき、またはニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっきをマトリックスめっきとする場合は、リン化合物が析出して皮膜をより硬化させることができ、同様に、ニッケル−ボロン合金めっきやニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金をマトリックスめっきとする場合は、ボロンとニッケルの化合物形成により皮膜をより硬化させることができる。熱処理条件としては箱型焼鈍法を用いる場合は加熱温度400〜500℃、加熱時間1〜6時間とすることが好ましく、連続焼鈍法を用いる場合は加熱温度550〜650℃、加熱時間1〜5分間とすることが好ましい。過度の加熱温度を過度に高め、加熱時間を過度に長期間とした場合は、ベース金属のニッケルが軟質化して、逆にめっきのままの状態よりも軟質化する。   Moreover, after performing carbonaceous nickel plating or these carbonaceous dispersion nickel alloy plating, you may heat-process continuously. When nickel-phosphorus alloy plating or nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating is used as matrix plating by heat treatment, a phosphorus compound can be deposited to further harden the film. Similarly, nickel-boron alloy plating In the case where a nickel-cobalt-boron alloy is used for matrix plating, the coating can be further cured by forming a compound of boron and nickel. As the heat treatment conditions, it is preferable that the heating temperature is 400 to 500 ° C. and the heating time is 1 to 6 hours when the box annealing method is used, and the heating temperature is 550 to 650 ° C. and the heating time is 1 to 5 when the continuous annealing method is used. It is preferable to use minutes. When the excessive heating temperature is excessively increased and the heating time is excessively long, the nickel of the base metal is softened, and conversely, it is softened as compared with the state of plating.

炭素質ニッケルめっきもしくは炭素質分散ニッケルめっき合金めっきの後に引き続いて熱処理を施した場合は、必要に応じて熱処理後に基材の鋼板の機械的特性の調整と適正な表面粗さ付与、形状修正などの目的で調質圧延を施してもよい。   When carbonized nickel plating or carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating alloy plating is followed by heat treatment, adjustment of mechanical properties of the base steel sheet, appropriate surface roughness, shape correction, etc., if necessary, after heat treatment For the purpose, temper rolling may be applied.

以上のようにして炭素質分散ニッケルめっきもしくは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっきを施した後、または炭素質分散ニッケルめっきもしくは炭素質分散ニッケルめっき合金めっきを施した後にさらに熱処理を施した後、それらの上層にコバルトめっきを施す。コバルトめっきの付着量は、0.5〜5g/mの範囲とすることが好ましい。0.5g/m未満では電池保存時における接触抵抗の増加を抑止する効果が十分でなく、一方5g/mを超えると向上効果は飽和に達し不経済である。コバルトめっき浴としては硫酸コバルト浴を用いることが好ましい。 After applying carbonaceous dispersion nickel plating or carbonaceous dispersion nickel alloy plating as described above, or after applying carbonaceous dispersion nickel plating or carbonaceous dispersion nickel plating alloy plating, further heat treatment, and then upper layers thereof Is coated with cobalt. The adhesion amount of cobalt plating is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 g / m 2 . If it is less than 0.5 g / m 2 , the effect of suppressing an increase in contact resistance during battery storage is not sufficient, while if it exceeds 5 g / m 2 , the improvement effect reaches saturation and is uneconomical. A cobalt sulfate bath is preferably used as the cobalt plating bath.

以上のようにして、本発明の電池容器用めっき鋼板を得ることができる。また、本発明の電池容器は、上記の電池容器用めっき鋼板を、絞り加工法、絞りしごき加工法(DI加工法)、絞りストレッチ加工法(DTR加工法)、または絞り加工後ストレッチ加工としごき加工を併用する加工法を用いて、有底の筒型形状に成形加工して得られる。筒型形状としては、底面が円、楕円、または長方形や正方形などの多角形の形状であり、用途に応じて側壁の高さを適宜選択した筒型形状に成形加工する。このようにして得られる電池容器に正極合剤、負極活物質等を充填して電池とする。   As described above, the plated steel sheet for battery containers of the present invention can be obtained. The battery container of the present invention is obtained by ironing the above-described plated steel sheet for a battery container by drawing, drawing and ironing (DI processing), drawing / stretching (DTR), or stretching after drawing. It is obtained by forming into a cylindrical shape with a bottom using a processing method that uses processing together. As the cylindrical shape, the bottom surface is a circle, an ellipse, or a polygonal shape such as a rectangle or a square, and is molded into a cylindrical shape with the side wall height appropriately selected according to the application. The battery container thus obtained is filled with a positive electrode mixture, a negative electrode active material, and the like to obtain a battery.

以下、実施例にて本発明を詳細に説明する。
[電池容器用めっき鋼板の作成]
めっき基板として、表1に化学組成を示す熱間圧延済みの低炭素アルミキルド鋼(I)または極低炭素アルミキルド鋼(II)を用いた。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
[Creation of plated steel sheets for battery containers]
As the plating substrate, hot-rolled low carbon aluminum killed steel (I) or extremely low carbon aluminum killed steel (II) whose chemical composition is shown in Table 1 was used.

Figure 2006351434
Figure 2006351434

上記のIまたはIIの鋼種の熱間圧延板に、常法により冷間圧延、電解洗浄を施して0.25mmの板厚を有する冷間圧延板とした後、鋼種Iの場合は箱型焼鈍法により均熱温度640〜680℃で均熱時間8時間の焼鈍を行なった。鋼種IIの場合は冷間圧延し、電解洗浄を施したままの未焼鈍板にニッケルめっきを施した後、連続焼鈍炉法により加熱温度780℃、加熱時間2分で焼鈍した。このようにして作製しためっき冷延鋼板を用いて、下記のイ)〜ハ)に示す工程を経て電池容器用めっき鋼板を作成した。
イ)低炭素アルミキルド鋼(I)→冷間圧延→電解洗浄→焼鈍(箱型焼鈍炉)→調質圧延→ニッケルめっき(内、外面側)→炭素質分散ニッケルめっきまたは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき(内面側)→コバルトめっき
ロ)低炭素アルミキルド鋼(I)→冷間圧延→電解洗浄→焼鈍(箱型焼鈍炉)→調質圧延→ニッケルめっき(内、外面側)→熱処理(箱型焼鈍法)→炭素質分散ニッケルめっきまたは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき(内面側)→コバルトめっき
ハ)極低炭素アルミキルド鋼(II)→冷間圧延→電解洗浄→ニッケルめっき(内、外面側)→焼鈍(連続焼鈍炉)→調質圧延→炭素質分散ニッケルめっきまたは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき(内面側)→コバルトめっき
A hot rolled sheet of the above steel grade I or II is subjected to cold rolling and electrolytic cleaning by a conventional method to obtain a cold rolled sheet having a thickness of 0.25 mm. By the method, annealing was performed at a soaking temperature of 640 to 680 ° C. for a soaking time of 8 hours. In the case of steel type II, after cold rolling, nickel plating was performed on an unannealed sheet that had been subjected to electrolytic cleaning, annealing was performed by a continuous annealing furnace method at a heating temperature of 780 ° C. and a heating time of 2 minutes. Using the plated cold-rolled steel sheet thus produced, a plated steel sheet for battery containers was prepared through the steps shown in the following a) to c).
B) Low-carbon aluminum killed steel (I) → Cold rolling → Electrolytic cleaning → Annealing (box annealing furnace) → Temper rolling → Nickel plating (inner and outer surfaces) → Carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating or carbonaceous dispersed nickel alloy plating (Inner side) → Cobalt plating b) Low carbon aluminum killed steel (I) → Cold rolling → Electrolytic cleaning → Annealing (box type annealing furnace) → Temper rolling → Nickel plating (inner and outer side) → Heat treatment (box type annealing) Method) → Carbon dispersion nickel plating or carbon dispersion nickel alloy plating (inner surface side) → Cobalt plating c) Ultra low carbon aluminum killed steel (II) → Cold rolling → Electrolytic cleaning → Nickel plating (inner and outer surface side) → Annealing (Continuous annealing furnace) → Temper rolling → Carbon dispersion nickel plating or carbon dispersion nickel alloy plating (inner side) → Cobalt plating

上記イ)〜ハ)の工程における各めっき処理は以下に示す条件で行なった。
<ニッケルめっき>
浴組成 硫酸ニッケル 300g/L
塩化ニッケル 35g/L
ホウ酸 40g/L
ビット抑制剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム) 0.4mL/L
陽極 ニッケルベレット(チタンバスケットにINCO(株)製Sペレッをト充填 しポリプロピレン製アノードバッグを装着)
攪拌 空気撹拝
pH 4.0〜4.6
浴温 55〜60℃
電流密度 15 A/dm
Each plating process in the steps (i) to (c) was performed under the following conditions.
<Nickel plating>
Bath composition Nickel sulfate 300g / L
Nickel chloride 35g / L
Boric acid 40g / L
Bit inhibitor (sodium lauryl sulfate) 0.4mL / L
Anode Nickel beret (titanium basket filled with INCO Co. S pellets and polypropylene anode bag)
Stirring air stirring
pH 4.0-4.6
Bath temperature 55-60 ° C
Current density 15 A / dm 2

<炭素質分散ニッケルめっき>
浴組成 硫酸ニッケル 300g/L
塩化ニッケル 35g/L
ホウ酸 40g/L
ケッチェンブラック(平均粒径25nm) 10〜20g/L
分散剤 御国色素(株)製 TCDA−10 10〜20g/L
(ナフタレンスルフォン酸縮合物系)
ビット抑制剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム) 0.4mL/L
陽極 ニッケルベレット(チタンバスケットにINCO(株)製Sペレッをト充填し ポリプロピレン製アノードバッグを装着)
攪拌 空気撹拝
pH 4.5〜5.0
浴温 55〜60℃
電流密度 5〜10A/dm
<Carbon dispersion nickel plating>
Bath composition Nickel sulfate 300g / L
Nickel chloride 35g / L
Boric acid 40g / L
Ketjen black (average particle size 25nm) 10-20g / L
Dispersant TKDA-10 10-20 g / L from Gokoku Color Co., Ltd.
(Naphthalene sulfonic acid condensate system)
Bit inhibitor (sodium lauryl sulfate) 0.4mL / L
Anode Nickel beret (titanium basket filled with INP CO. S pellets and polypropylene anode bag)
Stirring air stirring
pH 4.5-5.0
Bath temperature 55-60 ° C
Current density 5-10 A / dm 2

<炭素質分散ニッケル−リン合金めっき(A)>
浴組成 硫酸ニッケル 300g/L
塩化ニッケル 35g/L
亜リン酸 5〜20g/L
ホウ酸 20g/L
ケッチェンブラック(平均粒径25nm) 10〜20g/L
分散剤 御国色素(株)製 TCDA−10 10〜20g/L
(ナフタレンスルフォン酸縮合物系)
ビット抑制剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム) 0.4mL/L
陽極 ニッケルベレット(チタンバスケットにINCO(株)製Sペレッをト充填し ポリプロピレン製アノードバッグを装着)
攪拌 空気撹拝
pH 4.5〜5.0
浴温 55〜60℃
電流密度 5〜10A/dm
<Carbon dispersion nickel-phosphorus alloy plating (A)>
Bath composition Nickel sulfate 300g / L
Nickel chloride 35g / L
Phosphorous acid 5-20g / L
Boric acid 20g / L
Ketjen black (average particle size 25nm) 10-20g / L
Dispersant TKDA-10 10-20 g / L from Gokoku Color Co., Ltd.
(Naphthalene sulfonic acid condensate system)
Bit inhibitor (sodium lauryl sulfate) 0.4mL / L
Anode Nickel beret (titanium basket filled with INP CO. S pellets and polypropylene anode bag)
Stirring air stirring
pH 4.5-5.0
Bath temperature 55-60 ° C
Current density 5-10 A / dm 2

<炭素質分散ニッケル−リン合金めっき(B)>
浴組成 硫酸ニッケル 300g/L
塩化ニッケル 35g/L
亜リン酸 5〜20g/L
ホウ酸 20g/L
ケッチェンブラック(平均粒径25nm) 10g/L
カーボンブラック(平均粒径180nm) 10g/L
分散剤 御国色素(株)製 TCDA−10 10〜20g/L
(ナフタレンスルフォン酸縮合物系)
ビット抑制剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム) 0.4mL/L
陽極 ニッケルベレット(チタンバスケットにINCO(株)製Sペレッをト充填し ポリプロピレン製アノードバッグを装着)
攪拌 空気撹拝
pH 4.5〜5.0
浴温 55〜60℃
電流密度 5〜10A/dm
<Carbon dispersion nickel-phosphorus alloy plating (B)>
Bath composition Nickel sulfate 300g / L
Nickel chloride 35g / L
Phosphorous acid 5-20g / L
Boric acid 20g / L
Ketjen black (average particle size 25nm) 10g / L
Carbon black (average particle size 180nm) 10g / L
Dispersant TKDA-10 10-20 g / L from Gokoku Color Co., Ltd.
(Naphthalene sulfonic acid condensate system)
Bit inhibitor (sodium lauryl sulfate) 0.4mL / L
Anode Nickel beret (titanium basket filled with INP CO. S pellets and polypropylene anode bag)
Stirring air stirring
pH 4.5-5.0
Bath temperature 55-60 ° C
Current density 5-10 A / dm 2

<炭素質分散ニッケル−コバルト合金めっき>
浴組成 硫酸ニッケル 250g/L
硫酸コバルト 40g/L
塩化ニッケル 40g/L
ホウ酸 30g/L
カーボンブラック(平均粒径180nm) 10〜20g/L
分散剤 御国色素(株)製 TCDA−10 10〜20g/L
(ナフタレンスルフォン酸縮合物系)
ビット抑制剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム) 0.4mL/L
陽極 ニッケルベレット(チタンバスケットにINCO(株)製Sペレッをト充填し ポリプロピレン製アノードバッグを装着)
攪拌 空気撹拝
pH 3.5〜5.5
浴温 40〜60℃
電流密度 10〜15A/dm
<Carbonaceous dispersed nickel-cobalt alloy plating>
Bath composition Nickel sulfate 250g / L
Cobalt sulfate 40g / L
Nickel chloride 40g / L
Boric acid 30g / L
Carbon black (average particle size 180nm) 10-20g / L
Dispersant TKDA-10 10-20 g / L from Gokoku Color Co., Ltd.
(Naphthalene sulfonic acid condensate system)
Bit inhibitor (sodium lauryl sulfate) 0.4mL / L
Anode Nickel beret (titanium basket filled with INP CO. S pellets and polypropylene anode bag)
Stirring air stirring
pH 3.5-5.5
Bath temperature 40-60 ° C
Current density 10-15A / dm 2

<炭素質分散ニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっき>
浴組成 硫酸ニッケル 250g/L
硫酸コバルト 40g/L
塩化ニッケル 35g/L
亜リン酸 5〜20g/L
ホウ酸 20g/L
カーボンブラック(平均粒径180nm) 10〜20g/L
分散剤 御国色素(株)製 TCDA−10 10〜20g/L
(ナフタレンスルフォン酸縮合物系)
ビット抑制剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム) 0.4mL/L
陽極 ニッケルベレット(チタンバスケットにINCO(株)製Sペレッをト充填し ポリプロピレン製アノードバッグを装着)
攪拌 空気撹拝
pH 4.5〜5.0
浴温 55〜60℃
電流密度 5〜10A/dm
<Carbonaceous dispersed nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating>
Bath composition Nickel sulfate 250g / L
Cobalt sulfate 40g / L
Nickel chloride 35g / L
Phosphorous acid 5-20g / L
Boric acid 20g / L
Carbon black (average particle size 180nm) 10-20g / L
Dispersant TKDA-10 10-20 g / L from Gokoku Color Co., Ltd.
(Naphthalene sulfonic acid condensate system)
Bit inhibitor (sodium lauryl sulfate) 0.4mL / L
Anode Nickel beret (titanium basket filled with INP CO. S pellets and polypropylene anode bag)
Stirring air stirring
pH 4.5-5.0
Bath temperature 55-60 ° C
Current density 5-10 A / dm 2

<炭素質分散ニッケル−ボロン合金めっき>
浴組成 硫酸ニッケル 240g/L
塩化ニッケル 40g/L
トリメチルアミンボラン 6〜12g/L
ホウ酸 30g/L
アセチレンブラック(平均粒径120nm) 10〜20g/L
分散剤 御国色素(株)製 TCDA−10 10〜20g/L
(ナフタレンスルフォン酸縮合物系)
ビット抑制剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム) 0.4mL/L
陽極 ニッケルベレット(チタンバスケットにINCO(株)製Sペレッをト充填し ポリプロピレン製アノードバッグを装着)
攪拌 めっき液の攪拌
pH 4.5〜5.0
電流密度 1〜5A/dm
<Carbon dispersion nickel-boron alloy plating>
Bath composition Nickel sulfate 240g / L
Nickel chloride 40g / L
Trimethylamine borane 6-12g / L
Boric acid 30g / L
Acetylene black (average particle size 120 nm) 10-20 g / L
Dispersant TKDA-10 10-20 g / L from Gokoku Color Co., Ltd.
(Naphthalene sulfonic acid condensate system)
Bit inhibitor (sodium lauryl sulfate) 0.4mL / L
Anode Nickel beret (titanium basket filled with INP CO. S pellets and polypropylene anode bag)
Agitation Agitation of plating solution
pH 4.5-5.0
Current density 1-5A / dm 2

<炭素質分散ニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金めっき>
浴組成 硫酸ニッケル 250g/L
硫酸コバルト 40g/L
塩化ニッケル 35g/L
トリメチルアミンボラン 6〜12g/L
ホウ酸 30g/L
アセチレンブラック(平均粒径120nm) 10〜20g/L
分散剤 御国色素(株)製 TCDA−10 10〜20g/L
(ナフタレンスルフォン酸縮合物系)
ビット抑制剤(ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム) 0.4mL/L
陽極 ニッケルベレット(チタンバスケットにINCO(株)製Sペレッをト充填し ポリプロピレン製アノードバッグを装着)
攪拌 めっき液の攪拌
pH 4.5〜5.0
電流密度 1〜5A/dm
<Carbon dispersion nickel-cobalt-boron alloy plating>
Bath composition Nickel sulfate 250g / L
Cobalt sulfate 40g / L
Nickel chloride 35g / L
Trimethylamine borane 6-12g / L
Boric acid 30g / L
Acetylene black (average particle size 120 nm) 10-20 g / L
Dispersant TKDA-10 10-20 g / L from Gokoku Color Co., Ltd.
(Naphthalene sulfonic acid condensate system)
Bit inhibitor (sodium lauryl sulfate) 0.4mL / L
Anode Nickel beret (titanium basket filled with INP CO. S pellets and polypropylene anode bag)
Agitation Agitation of plating solution
pH 4.5-5.0
Current density 1-5A / dm 2

<コバルトめっき>
浴組成 硫酸コバルト 300g/L
ホウ酸 45g/L
塩化ナトリウム 25g/L
陽極 チタン板に白金めっき
攪拌 めっき液の攪拌
pH 3.7〜4.3
浴温 55〜60℃
電流密度 5A/dm
<Cobalt plating>
Bath composition Cobalt sulfate 300g / L
Boric acid 45g / L
Sodium chloride 25g / L
Anode Platinum plating on titanium plate Agitation Plating solution
pH 3.7-4.3
Bath temperature 55-60 ° C
Current density 5A / dm 2

以上のようにして表2及び表3に示す電池容器用めっき鋼板の試料(試料番号1〜9)を作成した。また、なお、比較材としてイ)工程の調質圧延後にニッケルめっきを両面に施した試料(ニッケルめっきのまま、試料番号10)、ロ)工程の電解洗浄後にニッケルめっきを両面に施したのち、箱型焼鈍法により熱処理を施した試料(試料番号11)、イ)工程の調質圧延後に、両面にニッケルめっきを施し、次いで電池容器内面となる側にコバルトめっきを施した試料(めっきのまま、試料番号12)、イ)工程の最後のコバルトめっきを省略した試料(試料番号13)、ロ)工程の最後のコバルトめっきを省略した試料(試料番号14)を作成した。   Samples (sample numbers 1 to 9) of the plated steel sheets for battery containers shown in Tables 2 and 3 were prepared as described above. In addition, as a comparative material, a) a sample subjected to nickel plating on both sides after temper rolling in the step (as nickel plating, sample number 10); b) after nickel plating on both sides after electrolytic cleaning in the step; Sample (sample No. 11) heat-treated by the box annealing method, sample subjected to temper rolling in step a), nickel-plated on both sides, and then cobalt-plated on the side that becomes the battery container inner surface (as plated Sample number 12), b) A sample (sample number 13) from which the last cobalt plating in the step was omitted (b) A sample (sample number 14) from which the last cobalt plating in the step was omitted.

Figure 2006351434
Figure 2006351434

Figure 2006351434
Figure 2006351434

[電池容器の作成]
これらの試料番号1〜14の試料から57mm径でブランクを打ち抜いた後、10段の絞り加工により、外径13.8mm、高さ49.3mmの円筒形のLR6型電池(単三型電池)容器に成形加工した。
[Create battery container]
After blanking a blank with a 57 mm diameter from the samples of Sample Nos. 1 to 14, a cylindrical LR6 type battery (AA size battery) having an outer diameter of 13.8 mm and a height of 49.3 mm by drawing in 10 steps. Molded into a container.

[電池の作成]
この電池容器を用いて、以下のようにしてアルカリマンガン電池を作成した。二酸化マンガンと黒鉛を10:1の比率で採取し、水酸化カリウム(10モル)を添加混合して正極合剤を作成した。次いでこの正極合剤を金型中で加圧して所定寸法のドーナツ形状の正極合剤ベレットに成形した。試料番号1〜9、および12〜14の試料については電池容器内への黒鉛粉末を主剤とした導電物質の塗布は行なわなかった。比較例の試料番号10および11の試料については、導電物質を内面に塗布したものと塗布しないものを用いた。電池容器に先に作製した正極合剤ベレットを圧挿入した。次に、負極集電棒をスポット溶接した負極板を電池容器に装着した。次いで、電池容器に圧挿入した正極合剤ベレットの内周に沿うようにしてビニロン製織布からなるセパレータを挿入し、亜鉛粒と酸化亜鉛を飽和させた水酸化カリウムからなる負極ゲルを電池容器内に充填した。さらに、負極板に絶縁体のガスケットを装着して電池容器内に挿入した後、カシメ加工してアルカリマンガン電池を作成した。
[Create battery]
Using this battery container, an alkaline manganese battery was prepared as follows. Manganese dioxide and graphite were collected at a ratio of 10: 1, and potassium hydroxide (10 mol) was added and mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture. Next, this positive electrode mixture was pressed in a mold to form a donut-shaped positive electrode mixture beret having a predetermined size. For the samples Nos. 1 to 9 and 12 to 14, the conductive material containing graphite powder as the main component was not applied to the battery container. As for samples of sample numbers 10 and 11 of the comparative example, those in which a conductive material was applied to the inner surface and those not applied were used. The positive electrode mixture beret previously produced was press-inserted into the battery container. Next, the negative electrode plate spot-welded with the negative electrode current collector rod was attached to the battery container. Next, a separator made of vinylon woven fabric is inserted along the inner periphery of the positive electrode mixture beret pressure-inserted into the battery container, and a negative electrode gel made of potassium hydroxide saturated with zinc particles and zinc oxide is inserted into the battery container. Filled in. Further, an insulating gasket was attached to the negative electrode plate and inserted into the battery container, followed by caulking to prepare an alkaline manganese battery.

[特性評価]
以上のようにして試料番号1〜14の試料から作成した電池容器を用いて作成した電池の特性を、以下のようにして評価した。
[Characteristic evaluation]
The characteristics of the batteries prepared using the battery containers prepared from the samples Nos. 1 to 14 as described above were evaluated as follows.

<短絡電流>
電池を80℃で3日間放置した後、電池に電流計を接続して閉回路を設けて電流値を測定し、これを短絡電流とした。短絡電流が大であるほど特性が良好であることを示す。
<Short-circuit current>
After leaving the battery at 80 ° C. for 3 days, an ammeter was connected to the battery, a closed circuit was provided, and the current value was measured, which was defined as a short-circuit current. It shows that a characteristic is so favorable that a short circuit current is large.

<放電特性>
電池を80℃で3日間放置した後、作製した電池を1.5Aの一定電流に放電し、終止電圧0.9Vに到達するまでの時間を放電時間として測定した。放電時間が長いほど放電特性が良好であることを示す。
<Discharge characteristics>
After the battery was left at 80 ° C. for 3 days, the produced battery was discharged to a constant current of 1.5 A, and the time until the final voltage of 0.9 V was reached was measured as the discharge time. The longer the discharge time, the better the discharge characteristics.

<間歇放電特性>
重付加間歌放電の評価として、2Aで0.5秒放電した後に0.25Aで29.5秒放電する操作を1サイクルとして、間歇放電を繰り返し、終始電圧が1.0Vに到達するまでのサイクル数を測定した。サイクル数が多いほど間歌放電特性が良好であることを示す。これらの評価結果を表4に示す。
<Intermittent discharge characteristics>
As an evaluation of the double-added inter-single discharge, an operation of discharging for 2 seconds at 2A and then discharging for 29.5 seconds at 0.25A is one cycle, and intermittent discharge is repeated until the voltage reaches 1.0V throughout. The number of cycles was measured. The larger the number of cycles, the better the intercussion discharge characteristics. These evaluation results are shown in Table 4.

Figure 2006351434
Figure 2006351434

表4に示すように、本発明の電池容器用めっき鋼板を成形加工した、電池容器の内面に導電物質を塗布しない電池は、従来のニッケルめっき鋼板を用いプレス成形した電池容器の内面に導電物質を塗布した電池に比較して、短絡電流、放電特性、間歇放電特性のいずれにもおいても同等以上の電池性能を示す。また、ニッケルめっき上にコバルトめっき層を設けただけで導電物質を省いて電池容器とした場合、およびニッケルめっき上に炭素質分散ニッケルめっき層のみ、またはニッケルめっき上に炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき層のみを設けた場合は、いずれも従来法のニッケルめっき鋼板を用い、容器内面に導電物質を塗布した電池容器とした場合に比べ電池性能は劣っている。   As shown in Table 4, a battery without forming a conductive material on the inner surface of the battery container formed by processing the plated steel sheet for a battery container according to the present invention has a conductive material on the inner surface of a battery container press-formed using a conventional nickel-plated steel sheet. Compared to a battery coated with, the battery performance is equivalent or better in any of short-circuit current, discharge characteristics, and intermittent discharge characteristics. In addition, when a cobalt plating layer is provided on nickel plating and the conductive material is omitted to form a battery container, only a carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating layer on nickel plating or a carbonaceous dispersion nickel alloy plating layer on nickel plating In any case, the battery performance is inferior to the case of using a conventional nickel-plated steel sheet and applying a conductive material to the inner surface of the container.

鋼板の電池容器内面となる側にニッケルめっきを施した後、炭素質分散ニッケルめっき、もしくは炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっきを形成させ、その上層にコバルトを被覆することにより、電池容器に成形加工する際に微小クラックが生成し、炭素質分散めっき中に分散した導電性に優れる炭素質がめっき表面に露出し、さらに炭素質分散めっき層上にコバルトめっき層を設けたことにより、正極活物質との密着性が向上し、かつ電池保存時の接触抵抗の増大を抑止することが可能となる。そのため、従来の電池において実施していた電池容器内面の導電物質の塗布を行なわなくても、従来法のニッケルめっきのままのニッケルめっき鋼板、あるいはニッケルめっき後に熱処理を施す方法で作製したニッケルめっき鋼板を用いて電池容器に形成した後に導電物質を塗布した場合と比較して同等以上の電池性能を得ることができる。その結果、導電物質の塗布工程を省くことが可能となり、低コストで電池容器および電池を提供することができる。

When nickel plating is applied to the inner surface of the steel plate of the steel plate, followed by forming carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating or carbonaceous dispersed nickel alloy plating, and then coating the upper layer with cobalt to form a battery container. Micro-cracks are formed on the surface, the carbonaceous material having excellent conductivity dispersed in the carbonaceous dispersion plating is exposed on the plating surface, and a cobalt plating layer is provided on the carbonaceous dispersion plating layer. Adhesion is improved and an increase in contact resistance during battery storage can be suppressed. Therefore, nickel-plated steel sheets made by conventional nickel-plated steel sheets or heat treatment after nickel plating without applying conductive material on the inner surface of battery containers, which has been implemented in conventional batteries. Compared with the case where the conductive material is applied after forming the battery container using the battery, battery performance equivalent to or higher than that can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to omit the conductive material application step, and to provide a battery container and a battery at low cost.

Claims (8)

鋼板の電池容器内面となる側の鋼板上の最表面にコバルト層とその下層に炭素質分散ニッケルめっき層が形成されてなることを特徴とする電池容器用めっき鋼板。 A plated steel sheet for a battery container, wherein a cobalt layer is formed on the outermost surface of the steel sheet on the side that becomes the battery container inner surface of the steel sheet, and a carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating layer is formed on the lower layer. 前記鋼板上に、鋼板側から順に鉄−ニッケル合金層または/およびニッケル層が形成され、さらに該鉄−ニッケル合金層または/およびニッケル層上に炭素質分散ニッケルめっき層とその上層にコバルト層が形成されてなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電池容器用めっき鋼板。 On the steel plate, an iron-nickel alloy layer or / and a nickel layer are formed in order from the steel plate side, and further a carbonaceous dispersed nickel plating layer on the iron-nickel alloy layer or / and nickel layer and a cobalt layer on the upper layer. The plated steel sheet for battery containers according to claim 1, which is formed. 鋼板の電池容器内面となる側の鋼板上の最表面にコバルト層とその下層に炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき層が形成されてなることを特徴とする電池容器用めっき鋼板。 A plated steel sheet for a battery container, wherein a cobalt layer is formed on the outermost surface of the steel sheet on the side that becomes the battery container inner surface of the steel sheet, and a carbonaceous dispersed nickel alloy plating layer is formed on the lower layer. 前記鋼板上に、鋼板側から順に鉄−ニッケル合金層または/およびニッケル層が形成され、さらに該鉄−ニッケル合金層または/およびニッケル層上に炭素質分散ニッケル合金めっき層とその上層にコバルト層が形成されてなることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の電池容器用めっき鋼板。 On the steel plate, an iron-nickel alloy layer or / and a nickel layer are formed in order from the steel plate side, and further a carbonaceous dispersed nickel alloy plating layer on the iron-nickel alloy layer or / and nickel layer and a cobalt layer on the upper layer. The plated steel sheet for battery containers according to claim 3, wherein 前記ニッケル合金めっきが、それぞれ炭素質を分散したニッケル−リン合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト−リン合金めっき、ニッケル−ボロン合金めっき、ニッケル−コバルト−ボロン合金のいずれかであることを特徴とする、請求項3または4に記載の電池容器用めっき鋼板。 The nickel alloy plating is any one of nickel-phosphorus alloy plating, nickel-cobalt alloy plating, nickel-cobalt-phosphorus alloy plating, nickel-boron alloy plating, and nickel-cobalt-boron alloy in which carbonaceous materials are dispersed. The plated steel sheet for battery containers according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: 前記炭素質がカーボンブラックであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の電池容器用めっき鋼板。 The plated steel sheet for battery containers according to claim 1, wherein the carbonaceous material is carbon black. 請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の電池容器用めっき鋼板を有底の筒型形状に成形加工してなる電池容器。 The battery container formed by shape | molding the plated steel plate for battery containers in any one of Claims 1-6 in a bottomed cylindrical shape. 請求項7に記載の電池容器を用いてなる電池。
A battery comprising the battery container according to claim 7.
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JPWO2014007002A1 (en) * 2012-07-03 2016-06-02 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 Surface-treated steel sheet for battery container, battery container and battery
WO2014007002A1 (en) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-09 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 Surface treated steel plate for battery container, battery container, and battery
EP3819406A4 (en) * 2018-07-06 2021-12-15 Nippon Steel Corporation Surface-treated steel sheet and method for manufacturing surface-treated steel sheet

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