JP2006329489A - Exhaust gas steam boiler and its operation method - Google Patents

Exhaust gas steam boiler and its operation method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2006329489A
JP2006329489A JP2005151735A JP2005151735A JP2006329489A JP 2006329489 A JP2006329489 A JP 2006329489A JP 2005151735 A JP2005151735 A JP 2005151735A JP 2005151735 A JP2005151735 A JP 2005151735A JP 2006329489 A JP2006329489 A JP 2006329489A
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exhaust gas
heat transfer
steam boiler
outlet
inlet
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Inventor
Osamu Oshino
修 押野
Yuji Masuko
雄二 益子
Yoshio Kojima
吉夫 小島
Toshihiro Watanabe
敏浩 渡辺
Kazufumi Ishibashi
千史 石橋
Yukio Fukaya
行男 深谷
Hiroaki Imatani
浩昭 今谷
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NAGASAKI KOGYOSHO KK
Hitachi Engineering and Services Co Ltd
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NAGASAKI KOGYOSHO KK
Hitachi Engineering and Services Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2005151735A priority Critical patent/JP2006329489A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust gas steam boiler not needing advanced control of a water level in starting, hardly generating carry-over and being easily manufactured with a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: This exhaust gas steam boiler comprises a casing comprising an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, a group of heat transfer tubes composed of a plurality of vertical water tubes mounted in the casing and connected between an upper inlet header and a lower outlet header, and a partitioning plate for partitioning the group of heat transfer tubes into a lower area communicated with the exhaust gas inlet and an upper area communicated with the exhaust gas outlet. An exhaust gas of high temperature is allowed to flow from the exhaust gas inlet to the lower area and the heat-exchanged exhaust gas of high temperature is allowed to flow to the upper area by the partitioning plate, and a gas duct is formed to discharge the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas outlet. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、ディーゼルエンジンやガスエンジン等から排出される高温排ガスの熱を回収して、蒸気を発生させる新規な排ガス蒸気ボイラ及びその運転方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a novel exhaust gas steam boiler that recovers heat of high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine, a gas engine, or the like and generates steam, and an operation method thereof.

特許文献1には、上部入口ヘッダと下部出口ヘッダ間に接続された複数の垂直水管を有する排ガス蒸気ボイラが示されている。このような、上部入口ヘッダと下部出口ヘッダ間に接続された複数の垂直水管を有する排ガス蒸気ボイラでは、起動時の水管の過熱(オーバヒート)を防止するため、起動時に水面を垂直水管の上部まで一時的に上げ、沸騰が始まって水管の内面が汽水混合物で濡れるまでこの状態を維持し、充分に沸騰が始まると、徐々に水面を所定のレベルまで下げて通常の運転状態に入る方法が行われる。   Patent Document 1 discloses an exhaust gas steam boiler having a plurality of vertical water pipes connected between an upper inlet header and a lower outlet header. In such an exhaust gas steam boiler having a plurality of vertical water pipes connected between the upper inlet header and the lower outlet header, in order to prevent overheating of the water pipe at the time of start-up, the water surface is extended to the upper part of the vertical water pipe at the time of start-up. Temporarily raise and maintain this state until boiling begins and the inner surface of the water pipe gets wet with the brackish water mixture.When boiling begins sufficiently, the water level is gradually lowered to a predetermined level to enter the normal operating state. Is called.

特開2001−124301号公報JP 2001-124301 A

しかし、特許文献1においては、通常の運転状態に入るためには、起動時の複雑な水面制御が必要である。さらに、その水面レベルが落ち着く前に蒸気を取り出すと、その時の水面レベルによっては多量の水が蒸気に同伴される現象(キャリオーバ)が起こることがある。   However, in patent document 1, in order to enter a normal driving | running state, the complicated water surface control at the time of starting is required. Furthermore, if the steam is taken out before the water surface level has settled, a phenomenon (carryover) in which a large amount of water is accompanied by the steam may occur depending on the water surface level at that time.

本発明の目的は、起動時の複雑な水面制御を必要とせず、キャリオーバが起こりにくく、構造が簡単な排ガス蒸気ボイラ及びその運転方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas steam boiler that does not require complicated water level control at the time of start-up, hardly causes carryover, and has a simple structure, and an operating method thereof.

本発明の排ガス蒸気ボイラは、排ガス入口と排ガス出口を備えたケーシングと、ケーシング内に上部入口ヘッダと下部出口ヘッダ間に接続された複数の垂直水管から成る伝熱管群を具備する排ガス蒸気ボイラにおいて、伝熱管群の管外領域である煙道を上段領域と下段領域に仕切り、排ガス入口から流入する高温排ガスを下段領域の煙道に流し、下段領域で熱交換されて温度が低下した排ガスを上段領域の煙道に流した後、排ガス出口から排出すようにする仕切板をケーシング内に具備するものである。   An exhaust gas steam boiler according to the present invention is an exhaust gas steam boiler including a casing having an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, and a heat transfer tube group including a plurality of vertical water pipes connected between the upper inlet header and the lower outlet header in the casing. The flue, which is the outside area of the heat transfer tube group, is divided into an upper area and a lower area, and high-temperature exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas inlet is passed through the flue in the lower area. A partition plate is provided in the casing so as to be discharged from the exhaust gas outlet after flowing through the flue in the upper region.

又、本発明は、上部入口ヘッダと下部出口ヘッダとの間に接続された複数の垂直水管から成る伝熱管群を上段領域と下段領域とに仕切り、排ガス入口から流入した高温排ガスを前記下段領域から前記上段領域を通して排ガス出口に排出させる排ガス蒸気ボイラの運転方法であって、前記伝熱管群への水の供給による水面の位置を前記上段領域と下段領域との境界近傍に設定して前記高温排ガスを前記排ガス入口から流入開始し、次いで前記伝熱管群の水の全体が気液二相流で満たされた状態で前記水面の位置を所定の位置に設定して定常運転に移行することを特徴とする排ガス蒸気ボイラの運転方法にある。   Further, the present invention divides a heat transfer tube group composed of a plurality of vertical water pipes connected between an upper inlet header and a lower outlet header into an upper region and a lower region, and discharges the high temperature exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas inlet into the lower region. The exhaust gas steam boiler is discharged from the upper stage region to the exhaust gas outlet, and the position of the water surface by the supply of water to the heat transfer tube group is set near the boundary between the upper stage region and the lower region, and the high temperature Starting the inflow of exhaust gas from the exhaust gas inlet, and then setting the position of the water surface to a predetermined position in a state where the entire water of the heat transfer tube group is filled with a gas-liquid two-phase flow, and shifting to a steady operation It is in the operation method of the exhaust gas steam boiler characterized.

前記仕切り板は、前記排ガス入口から前記下段領域の間及び前記排ガス出口から前記上段領域との間が連通した煙道を形成すると共に、前記高温排ガスが前記下段領域から前記上段領域に流れるように設けられることが好ましい。   The partition plate forms a flue that communicates between the exhaust gas inlet and the lower region and between the exhaust gas outlet and the upper region, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas flows from the lower region to the upper region. It is preferable to be provided.

本発明によれば、起動時の複雑な水面制御を必要とせず、キャリオーバが起こりにくく、構造が簡単な排ガス蒸気ボイラ及びその運転方法を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the complicated water level control at the time of starting is not required, Carryover is hard to occur, and the exhaust gas steam boiler with the simple structure and its operating method can be provided.

図1は本発明に係る排ガス蒸気ボイラを備えたボイラシステムの系統図である。図1に示すように、本実施例のボイラシステムはディーゼルエンジンやガスエンジン等から排出される400℃前後の高温排ガスの熱を回収して蒸気を発生させる排ガス蒸気ボイラ1、排ガス蒸気ボイラ1に給水する水を蓄える給水タンク20、給水タンク20の水を排ガス蒸気ボイラ1に供給する給水ポンプ30、排ガス蒸気ボイラ1で発生した気水二相流を蒸気と水に分離するセパレータ40などから構成されている。セパレータ40で分離された蒸気は蒸気を必要とする施設に送られ、一方、セパレータ40で分離された水は排ガス蒸気ボイラ1へ戻される。又、図1では、脱気器、安全弁、各種弁などの機器、温度計、圧力計、流量計、液面計などの計測機器を有するが、図中では省略されている。   FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a boiler system equipped with an exhaust gas steam boiler according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler system of this embodiment includes an exhaust gas steam boiler 1 and an exhaust gas steam boiler 1 that generate heat by recovering heat of high-temperature exhaust gas around 400 ° C. discharged from a diesel engine, a gas engine, or the like. A water supply tank 20 that stores water to be supplied, a water supply pump 30 that supplies water in the water supply tank 20 to the exhaust gas steam boiler 1, a separator 40 that separates the steam-water two-phase flow generated in the exhaust gas steam boiler 1, and the like. Has been. The steam separated by the separator 40 is sent to a facility that requires steam, while the water separated by the separator 40 is returned to the exhaust gas steam boiler 1. Further, FIG. 1 includes devices such as a deaerator, safety valve, and various valves, and measuring devices such as a thermometer, a pressure gauge, a flow meter, and a liquid level meter, which are omitted in the drawing.

図2は図1の排ガス蒸気ボイラの詳細を示す側断面図、図3は図2のA−A断面から見た側面図及び図4はB−B断面から見た側面図である。図1及び図2の白抜きの矢印はディーゼルエンジン等から排出される排ガスの流れを示すものである。排ガス蒸気ボイラ1は排ガス入口2aと排ガス出口2bを一端に備えたケーシング2、ケーシング2内の下部入口ヘッダ4から延びた分岐管4'と上部出口ヘッダ5から延びた分岐管5'の間に接続された複数の垂直水管から成る伝熱管群3、下部入口ヘッダ4と上部出口ヘッダ5の間に接続されボイラ内の水を循環させる下部ヘッダの気泡抜き蒸発管6、伝熱管群3を上段領域8と下段領域7に仕切り、排ガス入口2aから流入する高温排ガスを下段領域7の煙道に流し、下段領域7で熱交換されて温度が低下した高温排ガスをケーシング2の他端で流れを反転さて上段領域8の煙道に流した後、排ガス出口2bから排出すようにする仕切板9、仕切板9の排ガス入口2aと排ガス出口2bの近くに設けられたバイパスダンパ10、チェックバルブ11などから構成されている。   2 is a side sectional view showing details of the exhaust gas steam boiler in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side view seen from the AA section in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a side view seen from the BB section. The white arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the flow of exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine or the like. The exhaust gas steam boiler 1 includes a casing 2 having an exhaust gas inlet 2 a and an exhaust gas outlet 2 b at one end, a branch pipe 4 ′ extending from the lower inlet header 4 in the casing 2, and a branch pipe 5 ′ extending from the upper outlet header 5. A heat transfer tube group 3 composed of a plurality of connected vertical water tubes, a lower header bubble venting evaporator tube 6 connected between the lower inlet header 4 and the upper outlet header 5 for circulating water in the boiler, and the heat transfer tube group 3 in the upper stage The high temperature exhaust gas flowing in from the exhaust gas inlet 2a is allowed to flow into the flue of the lower region 7, and the high temperature exhaust gas whose temperature has been reduced in the lower region 7 is lowered at the other end of the casing 2. Inverted, after flowing through the flue in the upper region 8, the partition plate 9 that discharges from the exhaust gas outlet 2 b, the bypass damper 10 provided near the exhaust gas inlet 2 a and the exhaust gas outlet 2 b of the partition plate 9, check And it is configured from such as lube 11.

仕切板9は、高温排ガスを排ガス入口2aから下段領域7の煙道に流し、熱交換されて温度が低下した高温排ガスの流れを反転さて上段領域8の煙道を通して排ガス出口2bから排出すようにケーシング2内に設けられている。排ガス入口2aから下段領域7までの煙道と、上段領域8から排ガス出口2bまでの煙道が仕切板9によって垂直な上向きのダクトとして形成されている。このダクトは水平でも傾斜したものいずれでも良い。又、排ガス入口2aから伝熱管群3の下段領域7の入口までの煙道と伝熱管群3の上段領域8の出口から排ガス出口2bまでの煙道を仕切板9により仕切られているが、これらの煙道を夫々別のダクトで構成しても機能としては変わらない。   The partition plate 9 causes the high temperature exhaust gas to flow from the exhaust gas inlet 2 a to the flue in the lower region 7, reverses the flow of the high temperature exhaust gas whose temperature has been reduced by heat exchange, and discharges it from the exhaust gas outlet 2 b through the flue in the upper region 8. In the casing 2. The flue from the exhaust gas inlet 2a to the lower region 7 and the flue from the upper region 8 to the exhaust gas outlet 2b are formed by the partition plate 9 as a vertical upward duct. This duct may be either horizontal or inclined. Further, the flue from the exhaust gas inlet 2a to the inlet of the lower region 7 of the heat transfer tube group 3 and the flue from the outlet of the upper region 8 of the heat transfer tube group 3 to the exhaust gas outlet 2b are partitioned by the partition plate 9, Even if each of these flues is composed of separate ducts, the function does not change.

伝熱管群3の各伝熱管には図2及び図3の下段領域7及び上段領域8の各上部と下部の二重線で示すように長さ全体にフィン付管又は細い管を巻きつけた管を採用し、排ガスとボイラ水との間の熱貫流率を向上させている。本実施例では、伝熱管群3は10列と側面で5列に形成されている。   Each of the heat transfer tubes of the heat transfer tube group 3 is wrapped with a finned tube or a thin tube over the entire length as shown by double lines in the upper and lower regions 7 and 8 of the lower region 7 and the upper region 8 in FIGS. A pipe is used to improve the heat flow rate between the exhaust gas and boiler water. In this embodiment, the heat transfer tube group 3 is formed in 10 rows and 5 rows on the side.

バイパスダンパ10は、蒸気の発生が不要のときに使用されるもので、図中右側に倒して排ガス入り口2aを塞ぎ、仕切板9に設けられた開口部を開放することにより、ディーゼルエンジン等からの排ガスを直接排ガス出口2bから外部に排出させることができる。   The bypass damper 10 is used when it is not necessary to generate steam. The bypass damper 10 is tilted to the right side in the figure to close the exhaust gas inlet 2a, and by opening an opening provided in the partition plate 9, it can be used from a diesel engine or the like. The exhaust gas can be discharged directly from the exhaust gas outlet 2b.

ケーシング2は、低部の基礎部分を除いて、全体がL鋼12を介在させて中を空洞にし、鉄板による2重構造に形成した断熱構造になっている。又、バイパスダンパ10は、給水ポンプ30からの水圧によって開閉する構造と配管が設けられている。   The casing 2 has a heat insulating structure in which the whole is made hollow with the L steel 12 interposed, except for the lower base portion, and is formed into a double structure using an iron plate. Further, the bypass damper 10 is provided with a structure and a pipe that are opened and closed by water pressure from the water supply pump 30.

本実施例の排ガスボイラ1では、その起動時には、先ず、伝熱管群3の水面レベルを上段領域8と下段領域7に仕切っている仕切板9近くのレベルに設定し、排ガス入口2aから流入する高温排ガスを下段領域7の煙道に流して高温排ガスの熱を伝熱管群3内の水に伝える。この熱交換により、下段領域7の煙道出口での排ガス温度は低下するため、上段領域8の煙道を流れるときの排ガス温度は低温で、水で内部が満たされていない上部の伝熱管群3がオーバヒートすることは無い。時間の経過と共に、下段領域7の伝熱管群3内の水温は徐々に上昇し、沸騰を開始し、蒸気を発生し始め、充分に沸騰が始まって伝熱管群3の全体が気液二相流で満たされた段階で、水面を所定のレベルまで下げて定常運転状態に入る。   In the exhaust gas boiler 1 of this embodiment, at the time of activation, first, the water surface level of the heat transfer tube group 3 is set to a level near the partition plate 9 partitioned into the upper region 8 and the lower region 7, and flows from the exhaust gas inlet 2a. The high temperature exhaust gas is caused to flow through the flue in the lower region 7 to transmit the heat of the high temperature exhaust gas to the water in the heat transfer tube group 3. Since the exhaust gas temperature at the flue outlet in the lower region 7 is lowered by this heat exchange, the exhaust gas temperature when flowing through the flue in the upper region 8 is low, and the upper heat transfer tube group whose interior is not filled with water 3 will not overheat. As time passes, the water temperature in the heat transfer tube group 3 in the lower region 7 gradually rises, begins to boil, starts to generate steam, and begins to boil sufficiently, and the entire heat transfer tube group 3 is gas-liquid two-phase. At the stage filled with the flow, the water surface is lowered to a predetermined level to enter a steady operation state.

更に、起動時には伝熱管群3内の水面レベルを上段領域8と下段領域7に仕切っている仕切板9近くのレベルまで下げているので、定常運転状態に入る前に蒸気を取り出すようなことが起こったとしてもキャリーオーバが起こりにくく、常に、高品質の乾き度の高い蒸気を得ることができる。   Furthermore, since the water level in the heat transfer tube group 3 is lowered to a level near the partition plate 9 that partitions the upper region 8 and the lower region 7 at the time of startup, steam may be taken out before entering the steady operation state. Even if this occurs, carry-over is unlikely to occur, and high-quality dry steam can always be obtained.

又、本発明の排ガス蒸気ボイラ1は、起動時より定常運転に至るまでの高度で複雑な水面制御を行うための装置は必要とせず、上述のような仕切板9と水位を一定に保つ簡単な制御装置のみで充分であるため、単純な構造で、高い生産性を有するものである。   Further, the exhaust gas steam boiler 1 of the present invention does not require a device for performing sophisticated and complicated water surface control from the start to the steady operation, and can easily keep the partition plate 9 and the water level constant as described above. Since a simple control device is sufficient, it has a simple structure and high productivity.

本発明に係る排ガス蒸気ボイラを備えたボイラシステムの概略系統図である。1 is a schematic system diagram of a boiler system including an exhaust gas steam boiler according to the present invention. 本発明に係る排ガス蒸気ボイラの側断面図である。1 is a side sectional view of an exhaust gas steam boiler according to the present invention. 図2の排ガス蒸気ボイラのA−A断面における側面図である。It is a side view in the AA cross section of the exhaust gas steam boiler of FIG. 図2の排ガス蒸気ボイラのB−B断面における側面図である。It is a side view in the BB cross section of the exhaust gas steam boiler of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…排ガス蒸気ボイラ、2…ケーシング、2a…排ガス入口、2b…排ガス出口、3点伝熱管(ボイラ水管)、4…下部入口ヘッダ、4'…分岐管、5…上部出口ヘッダ、5'…分岐管、6…下部ヘッダの気泡抜き蒸気管、7…下段領域、8…上段領域、9…仕切板、10…バイパスダンパ、11…チェックバルブ、12…L鋼、20…給水タンク、30…給水ポンプ、40…セパレータ。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Exhaust gas steam boiler, 2 ... Casing, 2a ... Exhaust gas inlet, 2b ... Exhaust gas outlet, 3 point | piece heat exchanger tube (boiler water pipe), 4 ... Lower inlet header, 4 '... Branch pipe, 5 ... Upper outlet header, 5' ... Branch pipe, 6 ... Bubble venting steam pipe of lower header, 7 ... Lower stage area, 8 ... Upper stage area, 9 ... Partition plate, 10 ... Bypass damper, 11 ... Check valve, 12 ... L steel, 20 ... Water supply tank, 30 ... Water supply pump, 40 ... separator.

Claims (2)

排ガス入口と排ガス出口とを備えたケーシングと、該ケーシング内に設けられた上部入口ヘッダと下部出口ヘッダとの間に接続された複数の垂直水管から成る伝熱管群と、該伝熱管群を前記排ガス入口に連通した下段領域と前記排ガス出口に連通した上段領域とに仕切る仕切り板とを具備し、該仕切り板によって高温排ガスを前記排ガス入口から前記下段領域に流入し熱交換された前記高温排ガスを前記上段領域に流入させて前記排ガス出口から排出させる煙道が形成されていることを特徴とする排ガス蒸気ボイラ。   A casing having an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, a heat transfer tube group comprising a plurality of vertical water pipes connected between an upper inlet header and a lower outlet header provided in the casing, and the heat transfer tube group A partition plate that partitions the lower region communicating with the exhaust gas inlet and the upper region communicating with the exhaust gas outlet; The flue gas steam boiler is characterized in that a flue is formed to flow into the upper region and discharge from the exhaust gas outlet. 上部入口ヘッダと下部出口ヘッダとの間に接続された複数の垂直水管から成る伝熱管群を上段領域と下段領域とに仕切り、排ガス入口から流入した高温排ガスを前記下段領域から前記上段領域を通して排ガス出口に排出させる排ガス蒸気ボイラの運転方法であって、前記伝熱管群への水の供給による水面の位置を前記上段領域と下段領域との境界近傍に設定して前記高温排ガスを前記排ガス入口から流入開始し、次いで前記伝熱管群の水の全体が気液二相流で満たされた状態で前記水面の位置を所定の位置に設定して定常運転に移行することを特徴とする排ガス蒸気ボイラの運転方法。   A heat transfer tube group consisting of a plurality of vertical water pipes connected between the upper inlet header and the lower outlet header is divided into an upper region and a lower region, and high temperature exhaust gas flowing from the exhaust gas inlet is exhausted from the lower region through the upper region. A method for operating an exhaust gas steam boiler to be discharged to an outlet, wherein a position of a water surface by supplying water to the heat transfer tube group is set in the vicinity of a boundary between the upper region and a lower region, and the high temperature exhaust gas is supplied from the exhaust gas inlet. An exhaust gas steam boiler characterized by starting inflow and then setting the position of the water surface to a predetermined position in a state where the whole water of the heat transfer tube group is filled with a gas-liquid two-phase flow and shifting to a steady operation Driving method.
JP2005151735A 2005-05-25 2005-05-25 Exhaust gas steam boiler and its operation method Pending JP2006329489A (en)

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JP2006329489A true JP2006329489A (en) 2006-12-07

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2360679A2 (en) 2006-12-06 2011-08-24 Yamaha Corporation Music reproduction apparatus installed in vehicle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2360679A2 (en) 2006-12-06 2011-08-24 Yamaha Corporation Music reproduction apparatus installed in vehicle
EP2360678A2 (en) 2006-12-06 2011-08-24 Yamaha Corporation Music reproduction apparatus installed in vehicle

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